Welding system of large press machine and welding method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a welding system of a large press machine and a welding method of the welding system, relates to the technical field of welding equipment and processes, and aims to solve the technical problem that the welding of the large press machine is easy to deform, the welding system comprises a rack, a rotating mechanism and a welding structure, and the welding structure comprises a mounting seat, a swinging mechanism, a welding head and a rotating assembly. When the swinging mechanism stops, the rotating end of the rotating mechanism rotates to enable the welding head to do uniform-speed circular motion around the axis of the flange ring, the welding head is driven to conduct welding along the annular root, and a continuous and uniform base welding seam is formed; when the swing mechanism is started, the swing mechanism drives the welding head to do reciprocating swing motion to be matched with circumferential feeding motion of the rotating mechanism, so that the welding head conducts welding along a composite track, a reinforced welding seam is formed on the surface of a substrate welding seam, welding heat in unit time is reduced, overall welding stress concentration is reduced, and therefore deformation is reduced; the technical problem that a large press is prone to deformation during welding is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of welding equipment and process technology, and more specifically, to a welding system and welding method for a large press. Background Technology

[0002] Large presses are core equipment in fields such as machinery manufacturing and the automotive industry. Their key components, such as the machine body, flange rings, and worktable, are mostly welded structures. These components must withstand long-term high-frequency impact loads and cyclic stresses. Therefore, the strength, density, and fatigue resistance of the welds directly determine the operational stability and service life of the press. Among these, the circumferential weld between the flange ring and the press body is a core stress-bearing area, requiring high-precision welding processes to ensure welding quality and prevent weld cracking, deformation, and other malfunctions during use.

[0003] Large press components are bulky, and traditional welding uses a continuous welding mode. The concentrated heat input causes a rapid rise in temperature in the welding area, creating a significant temperature difference with the base material and generating large thermal stress. At the same time, the stress release of a single-layer thick weld is insufficient, which can easily lead to overall deformation of the component. Subsequent correction processing is required, increasing process costs and time. In view of this, we propose a welding system and welding method for large presses. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One of the objectives of this invention is to provide a welding system for large presses to solve the technical problem of easy deformation during welding of large presses.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a welding system for a large press, including a frame, a rotating mechanism on the frame, and a welding structure at the rotating end of the rotating mechanism; the rotating end of the rotating mechanism rotates along a circular trajectory; the welding structure includes a mounting base, the mounting base being fixed to the bottom end of the rotating end of the rotating mechanism, a rocking mechanism on the mounting base, a welding head fixed to the rocking end of the rocking mechanism, and a rotating component on the mounting base, the output end of the rotating component being fixedly connected to the input end of the rocking mechanism; when the rocking mechanism is stationary, the rotating end of the rotating mechanism rotates, causing the welding head to make uniform circular motion around the flange ring axis, driving the welding head to weld along the root of the ring, forming a continuous and uniform base weld; when the rocking mechanism is started, the rocking mechanism drives the welding head to make reciprocating rocking motion, which, in conjunction with the circular feed motion of the rotating mechanism, causes the welding head to weld along a composite trajectory, resulting in a reinforced weld on the surface of the base weld. The above-described design of the present invention enables the welded structure to have two welding trajectories, which are used for welding the base weld and the reinforcement weld respectively. Compared with the traditional single-layer weld, this welding method reduces the welding heat per unit time and reduces the overall welding stress concentration, thereby reducing deformation and solving the technical problem of easy deformation during welding of large presses.

[0006] Preferably, the rotating mechanism includes a geared motor, a vertical shaft, a horizontal arm, and a vertical arm; the geared motor is fixed to the top of the frame, the vertical shaft is rotatably mounted on the top of the frame, the horizontal arm is fixed to the bottom of the vertical shaft, and the vertical arm is fixed to one end of the horizontal arm.

[0007] Preferably, a motor A is fixedly mounted on the end of the horizontal arm away from the vertical arm, a sliding cavity is opened at the top of the horizontal arm, a lead screw A is rotatably mounted on the sliding cavity, the end of the lead screw A away from the vertical arm passes through the sliding cavity and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor A, a slide seat is slidably mounted on the sliding cavity, the slide seat is threadedly connected to the lead screw A, and the top of the slide seat is fixedly connected to the bottom of the vertical shaft.

[0008] Preferably, the mounting base includes a vertical part and an inclined part. The vertical part is fixed to the bottom end of the vertical arm, and the inclined part is fixed to the bottom end of the vertical part in an inclined structure. The inclined part has a mounting cavity A at the top, a mounting cavity B at the bottom side of the mounting cavity A, and a cavity A at the bottom end of the inclined part. Both sides of the bottom of the inclined part have through grooves that communicate with the cavity A.

[0009] Preferably, the rocking mechanism includes a cam unit, a rocker block, two slide rods, and two slip rings; the cam unit is rotatably mounted on the top of the cavity A, the rocker block is mounted on the bottom side of the cam unit, the two slide rods are symmetrically fixed at both ends of the rocker block, the two slip rings are respectively disposed in the two through slots, and the two slip rings are slidably connected to the two slide rods respectively; the top of the rocker block has a movable slot, a movable ring is movably connected to the movable slot, a connecting rod is rotatably connected to the movable ring, and the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the cam unit.

[0010] Preferably, the cam unit includes a turntable, a connecting shaft that is rotatably connected to the cavity A is fixed at the top of the turntable, a convex plate is fixed at the bottom of the turntable, a horizontal sliding groove is provided on the convex plate, a slider A is slidably connected to the horizontal sliding groove, and the bottom end of the slider A is rotatably connected to the top end of the connecting rod.

[0011] Preferably, the rocking mechanism further includes an adjustment assembly, which includes two slide rails, a lead screw B, and a motor B. The two slide rails are respectively fixed on the two through slots. A slider X is slidably mounted on the slide rails. The slider X is fixedly connected to the slip ring by a connecting block. The lead screw B is rotatably mounted on one of the through slots and threadedly connected to the corresponding connecting block. The motor B is fixedly mounted on one side of the mounting cavity A relative to the lead screw B. The top end of the lead screw B passes through the mounting cavity A and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor B.

[0012] Preferably, the rotating assembly includes a driving wheel, a driven wheel, and a motor C. The driving wheel and the driven wheel are both rotatably mounted on the mounting cavity B. The motor C is fixedly mounted on the other side of the mounting cavity A. The top end of the axle of the driving wheel passes into the mounting cavity A and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor C. The top end of the connecting shaft passes into the mounting cavity A and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the driven wheel.

[0013] Preferably, the circumferential portion of the driving wheel is configured to include a partial external tooth portion and a locking convex arc portion, wherein the partial external tooth portion and the locking convex arc portion are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, together forming a complete driving circumferential profile; the driven wheel has a diameter larger than the driving wheel diameter, and the circumferential portion of the driven wheel is configured to include two partial internal tooth portions and two locking concave arc portions, wherein the two partial internal tooth portions and the two locking concave arc portions are arranged alternately and at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, together forming a complete driven circumferential profile; the partial external tooth portion meshes with the partial internal tooth portion, and the locking convex arc portion moves with the locking concave arc portion.

[0014] A second objective of this invention is to provide a welding method for a large press, using the aforementioned welding system for the large press, comprising the following steps: S1: System positioning and working radius adjustment; The entire welding system is moved above the large press flange ring to be welded. The motor B drives the lead screw B to rotate through the external control mechanism. The position of the slider X is adjusted so that the slip ring is placed in the initial position. At this time, the hinge point between the moving ring and the connecting rod corresponds to the center position of the turntable, that is, the swing amplitude is set to zero. Motor A is controlled by an external control mechanism to drive screw A to rotate, which in turn causes the slide block to slide along the slide cavity on the horizontal arm, thereby adjusting the fixed position of the vertical shaft, changing the rotation radius of the vertical arm, and making the circumferential motion trajectory of the welding head perfectly match the flange ring weld. S2: Welding of the base weld; S2.1: Initiate the circular feed motion; The geared motor is controlled by an external control mechanism to drive the vertical shaft to rotate at a constant speed, which in turn drives the horizontal arm and the vertical arm to rotate synchronously. This causes the mounting base and welding head fixed at the end of the vertical arm to make uniform circular motion around the flange ring axis, driving the welding head to weld along the root of the ring, forming a continuous and uniform base weld. S3: Welding of multi-layer reinforced welds; S3.1: Adjust the rocking mode: Motor B is controlled by an external control mechanism to drive the adjustment component to move the slip ring to a preset position, causing the movable ring to deviate from the center of the turntable, thereby setting the required working swing amplitude for the swing mechanism. The starting motor C drives the driving wheel to rotate continuously. The local external teeth of the driving wheel periodically mesh with the local internal teeth of the driven wheel. When disengaging, the locking convex arc and the locking concave arc cooperate to lock, thereby causing the driven wheel and the cam unit fixed thereto to produce intermittent half-cycle rotation. S3.2: Perform composite motion welding; While maintaining the circumferential feed motion driven by the geared motor, the intermittent rotation of the cam unit is converted into the reciprocating oscillating motion of the swing block and the welding head fixed thereon along the slide bar axis through the movement of the connecting rod and the moving ring in the moving groove. Due to the intermittent motion characteristics of the driven wheel, the oscillating motion will pause momentarily in every half cycle, that is, when the welding head moves to the extreme positions on both sides of the weld, to increase the heat input and metal filling time. Under the combined motion of circumferential feed motion and intermittent edge dwelling oscillation, the welding head performs filling welding on the base weld to form a reinforced weld. S4: Layered filling of the coverage area; After each layer is welded, step S3.2 can be repeated by adjusting the position of the welding head to weld the next layer until the welding is completed and a fish-scale-shaped total weld is formed.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This invention, through the design of the frame, rotating mechanism, and welding structure, ensures that when the oscillating mechanism is stationary, the rotating end of the rotating mechanism rotates, causing the welding head to make uniform circular motion around the flange ring axis, driving the welding head to weld along the root of the ring, forming a continuous and uniform base weld. When the oscillating mechanism is started, it drives the welding head to make reciprocating oscillating motion, which, combined with the circular feed motion of the rotating mechanism, causes the welding head to weld along a composite trajectory, forming a reinforced weld on the surface of the base weld. Compared with traditional single-layer welds, this welding method reduces welding heat per unit time, reduces overall welding stress concentration, thereby reducing deformation and solving the technical problem of easy deformation during welding of large presses.

[0016] 2. The present invention also designs the arm structure so that the output shaft of motor A can be rotated by an external control mechanism, so that the lead screw A rotates and drives the slide block to slide relative to the slide cavity, thereby changing the distance between the vertical arm and the horizontal arm, thereby changing the radius of the horizontal arm's circumferential rotation trajectory, thus adapting to the welding of flange rings of different sizes.

[0017] 3. This invention, through the structural design of the rocking mechanism, enables the output shaft of motor B to rotate under the control of an external control mechanism. The rotation of lead screw B drives slider X to slide, causing the slip ring to move the slide rod and rocker block. This changes the gap between the movable groove and the horizontal slide groove. Since the horizontal slide groove is horizontally arranged, the movable ring, connecting rod, and slider A move adaptively in the horizontal direction. In the initial state, slider X is at one end of the horizontal slide groove, corresponding to the center position of the turntable. After moving, slider X is at an eccentric position on the horizontal slide groove relative to the turntable. The cam unit and slider A drive the connecting rod and movable ring to move relative to the movable groove. During this process, the rocker block drives the slide rod to move back and forth relative to the slip ring, forming a rocking motion. The amplitude of the rocking motion varies depending on the position of slider X on the horizontal slide groove. This invention can be used for welding base welds and multi-layer reinforced welds, reducing the heat input during welding of each layer of weld, thereby further reducing deformation.

[0018] 4. Through the structural design of the rotating component, this invention enables the driven wheel to form an intermittent half-cycle rotation with a precise stopping position when the driving wheel rotates continuously. This allows the cam unit to rotate intermittently with the driven wheel, causing the welding head to pause briefly near the flange ring and the press body. Combined with the continuous circular rotation of the vertical arm and the reciprocating oscillation of the oscillating mechanism, the welding head achieves a welding trajectory of "quickly swinging through the middle section and precisely stopping at both ends" in the weld formation area. Finally, a dense and regular fish-scale-shaped reinforced weld is formed layer by layer on the base weld. The pause increases heat input and metal filling time, reducing common defects such as incomplete fusion at the edges. Furthermore, the interlocking structure of the fish-scale-shaped weld can disperse the impact load and cyclic load during press operation, improving fatigue life compared to traditional single-layer welds. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the rotating mechanism of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the welding structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the welding structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the swing mechanism, welding head, and rotating assembly of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the swing mechanism and the rotating component of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A partial structural diagram.

[0027] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A partial structural breakdown diagram.

[0028] Figure 10 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the rotating component of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a portion of the welded structure of the present invention in use.

[0030] Explanation of the labels in the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Rotating mechanism; 3. Mounting base; 4. Swinging mechanism; 5. Welding head; 6. Rotating assembly; 21. Gear motor; 22. Vertical shaft; 23. Horizontal arm; 24. Vertical arm; 231. Motor A; 232. Slide cavity; 233. Lead screw A; 234. Slide block; 31. Mounting cavity A; 32. Mounting cavity B; 33. Cavity A; 34. Through groove; 41. Cam unit; 42. Swing block; 43. Slide rod; 44. Slip ring; 45. Adjustment assembly; 410. Coupling shaft; 411. Turntable; 412. Protruding plate; 413. Horizontal slide; 414. Slider A; 421. Movable groove; 422. Movable ring; 423. Connecting rod; 451. Slide rail; 452. Slider X; 453. Connecting block; 454. Lead screw B; 455. Motor B; 61. Driving wheel; 62. Driven wheel; 63. Motor C; 611. Partial external teeth; 612. Locking convex arc; 621. Partial internal teeth; 622. Locking concave arc. Detailed Implementation

[0031] like Figures 1 to 11 As shown, the present invention relates to a welding system for a large press, comprising a frame 1, a rotating mechanism 2, and a welding structure; In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2As shown, the rotating mechanism 2 includes a geared motor 21, a vertical shaft 22, a horizontal arm 23, and a vertical arm 24. The geared motor 21 is fixed to the top of the frame 1, the vertical shaft 22 is rotatably mounted on the top of the frame 1, the horizontal arm 23 is fixed to the bottom of the vertical shaft 22, and the vertical arm 24 is fixed to one end of the horizontal arm 23. Through the above arrangement, the present invention enables the output shaft of the geared motor 21 to rotate under the control of an external control mechanism, the vertical shaft 22 and the horizontal arm 23 to rotate synchronously, and the vertical arm 24 to rotate in a circular trajectory. This drives the welding structure to weld the flange ring and the main structure of the press, forming a base weld.

[0032] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 3 As shown, a motor A231 is fixedly mounted on the end of the horizontal arm 23 away from the vertical arm 24. A sliding cavity 232 is formed at the top of the horizontal arm 23, and a lead screw A233 is rotatably mounted on the sliding cavity 232. The end of the lead screw A233 away from the vertical arm 24 passes through the sliding cavity 232 and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor A231. A sliding seat 234 is slidably mounted on the sliding cavity 232, and the sliding seat 234 is threadedly connected to the lead screw A233. The top of the sliding seat 234 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the vertical shaft 22. Through the above configuration, the present invention allows the output shaft of the motor A231 to rotate under the control of an external control mechanism, causing the lead screw A233 to rotate and drive the sliding seat 234 to slide relative to the sliding cavity 232. This changes the distance between the vertical arm 24 and the horizontal arm 23, thereby changing the radius of the circumferential rotation trajectory of the horizontal arm 23, thus adapting to the welding of flange rings of different sizes.

[0033] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 4 ,as well as Figure 5 As shown, the welding structure includes a mounting base 3, a rocking mechanism 4, a welding head 5, and a rotating component 6. The mounting base 3 is fixed to the bottom end of the vertical arm 24, the rocking mechanism 4 is mounted on the mounting base 3, the welding head 5 is fixed to the rocking end of the rocking mechanism 4, and the rotating component 6 is mounted on the mounting base 3. The output end of the rotating component 6 is connected to the input end of the rocking mechanism 4.

[0034] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 4 ,as well as Figure 5 As shown, the welding mounting base 3 includes a vertical part and an inclined part. The vertical part is fixed to the bottom end of the vertical arm 24, and the inclined part is fixed to the bottom end of the vertical part in an inclined structure. The inclined part has a mounting cavity A31 on the top, a mounting cavity B32 on the bottom side of the mounting cavity A31, and a cavity A33 at the bottom end of the inclined part. Both sides of the bottom of the inclined part have through grooves 34, which are connected to the cavity A33.

[0035] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 ,as well as Figure 9As shown, the rocking mechanism 4 includes a cam unit 41, a rocker block 42, two slide rods 43, and two slip rings 44. The cam unit 41 is rotatably mounted on the top of the cavity A33, the rocker block 42 is mounted on the bottom side of the cam unit 41, the two slide rods 43 are symmetrically mounted on both ends of the rocker block 42, the two slip rings 44 are respectively mounted in two through slots 34, and the two slip rings 44 are slidably connected to the two slide rods 43 respectively. The top of the rocker block 42 has a movable slot 421, a movable ring 422 is movably connected to the movable slot 421, a connecting rod 423 is rotatably connected to the movable ring 422, and the connecting rod 423 is rotatably connected to the cam unit 41.

[0036] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 9 As shown, the cam unit 41 includes a turntable 411. The top of the turntable 411 is fixed with a connecting shaft 410 that is rotatably connected to the cavity A33. The bottom of the turntable 411 is fixed with a protrusion plate 412. The protrusion plate 412 is provided with a horizontal slide groove 413. A slider A414 is slidably connected to the horizontal slide groove 413. The bottom of the slider A414 is rotatably connected to the top of the connecting rod 423.

[0037] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 ,as well as Figure 7 As shown, the rocking mechanism 4 also includes an adjustment component 45, which includes two slide rails 451, a lead screw B454, and a motor B455. The two slide rails 451 are respectively fixed on two through slots 34. A slider X452 is slidably mounted on the slide rails 451. The slider X452 is fixedly connected to the slip ring 44 through a connecting block 453. The lead screw B454 is rotatably mounted on one of the through slots 34 and threadedly connected to the corresponding connecting block 453. The motor B455 is fixedly mounted on one side of the mounting cavity A31 relative to the position of the lead screw B454. The top end of the lead screw B454 passes through the mounting cavity A31 and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor B455. This invention, through the structural design of the rocking mechanism 4, enables the output shaft of motor B455 to rotate under the control of an external control mechanism. The rotation of lead screw B454 causes slider X452 to slide, which in turn causes slip ring 44 to move sliding rod 43 and rocker block 42. This changes the gap between movable groove 421 and horizontal slide groove 413. Since the horizontal slide groove 413 is horizontally arranged, movable ring 422, connecting rod 423, and slider A414 move adaptably in the horizontal direction. In the initial state, slider X45... 2 is located at one end of the horizontal slide groove 413, corresponding to the center position of the turntable 411. After moving, the slider X452 is located at an eccentric position on the horizontal slide groove 413 relative to the turntable 411. The cam unit 41 and the slider A414 drive the connecting rod 423 and the movable ring 422 to move relative to the movable groove 421. During this process, the swing block 42 drives the slide rod 43 to move back and forth relative to the slip ring 44, forming a swinging motion. The amplitude of the swinging motion is different depending on the position of the slider X452 on the horizontal slide groove 413.

[0038] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2 , Figure 5 ,as well as Figure 6 As shown, the welding head 5 is fixed at the bottom of the swing block 42. The inclined part and the vertical part of the present invention form a 145° angle, and the welding head 5 forms a 45° angle with the horizontal plane. During welding, the vertical arm 24 is first used to rotate in a circular trajectory to drive the welding head 5 to weld the flange ring and the main structure of the press, forming a base weld. Then, the adjustment component 45 is used to adjust the swing block 42 to move the welding head 5 to an appropriate position in the horizontal direction. By controlling the swing block 42 to swing, the welding head 5 swings. At this time, the vertical arm 24 continues to rotate in a circular trajectory, so that a reinforcing weld is formed on the base weld. The above action is repeated to form a total weld with a base weld and multiple reinforcing welds. Compared with the traditional single-layer weld, this welding method improves the tensile strength and shear strength of the weld. Moreover, the heat input during the welding of each layer of weld is controllable, reducing the overall welding stress concentration and reducing deformation from the source.

[0039] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 ,as well as Figure 8 As shown, the rotating assembly 6 includes a driving wheel 61, a driven wheel 62, and a motor C63. Both the driving wheel 61 and the driven wheel 62 are rotatably mounted on the mounting cavity B32. The motor C63 is fixedly mounted on the other side of the mounting cavity A31. The top end of the axle of the driving wheel 61 passes into the mounting cavity A31 and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor C63. The top end of the connecting shaft 410 passes into the mounting cavity A31 and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the driven wheel 62.

[0040] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 10 As shown, the circumferential portion of the drive wheel 61 is constructed to include a partial external tooth portion 611 and a locking convex arc portion 612. The partial external tooth portion 611 and the locking convex arc portion 612 are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, together forming a complete drive circumferential profile. In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 10 As shown, the driven wheel 62 has a larger diameter than the driving wheel 61. The circumferential portion of the driven wheel 62 is constructed to include two local internal teeth 621 and two locking concave arc portions 622. The two local internal teeth 621 and the two locking concave arc portions 622 are arranged alternately and at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, together forming a complete driven circumferential profile. In an embodiment of the present invention, the partial external tooth portion 611 meshes with the partial internal tooth portion 621, and the locking convex arc portion 612 movably engages with the locking concave arc portion 622. Through the above-described configuration, when the motor C63 starts and drives the driving wheel 61 to rotate, the meshing of the partial external tooth portion 611 and the partial internal tooth portion 621 causes the driven wheel 62 to rotate. At the instant the last tooth of the partial external tooth portion 611 of the driving wheel 61 disengages from the partial internal tooth portion 621, the curved surface of the locking convex arc portion 612 gradually comes into contact with the curved surface of the locking concave arc portion 622, forming a high-pair surface contact. Due to the matching curvature design of the two locking arcs, this engagement effectively constrains the rotational tendency of the driven wheel 62, precisely and stably locking it at the current angular position to achieve a pause. The driving wheel 61 continues to rotate, and the local external tooth 611 re-engages with the other local internal tooth 621 of the driven wheel 62, repeating the above actions. This ensures that for every continuous rotation of the driving wheel 61, the driven wheel 62 will be driven and locked. When the driving wheel 61 rotates continuously, the driven wheel 62 forms an intermittent half-cycle rotational motion with a precise stopping position, thereby causing the cam unit 41 to synchronously perform intermittent half-cycles with the driven wheel 62. The rotation causes the welding head 5 to pause briefly near the flange ring and the press body. Combined with the continuous circular rotation of the vertical arm 24 and the reciprocating swing of the swing mechanism 4, the welding head 5 achieves a welding trajectory of "quickly swinging through the middle section and accurately stopping at both ends" in the weld formation area. Finally, a dense and regular fish-scale-shaped reinforced weld is formed layer by layer on the base weld. The pause increases the heat input and metal filling time, reduces the common defect of incomplete fusion at the edges, and the interlocking structure of the fish-scale-shaped weld can disperse the impact load and cyclic load during press operation, further improving fatigue life compared to traditional single-layer welds.

[0041] A welding method for a large press includes the following steps: S1: System positioning and working radius adjustment; The welding system is moved as a whole to the top of the large press flange ring to be welded. The motor B455 is controlled by the external control mechanism to drive the lead screw B454 to rotate. The position of the slider X452 is adjusted so that the slip ring 44 is placed in the initial position. At this time, the hinge point of the movable ring 422 and the connecting rod 423 corresponds to the center position of the turntable 411, that is, the swing amplitude is set to zero. The motor A231 is controlled by an external control mechanism to drive the lead screw A233 to rotate, which in turn drives the slide block 234 to slide along the slide cavity 232 on the horizontal arm 23, thereby adjusting the fixed position of the vertical shaft 22 and changing the rotation radius of the vertical arm 24 so that the circumferential motion trajectory of the welding head 5 is completely matched with the flange ring weld. S2: Welding of the base weld; S2.1: Initiate the circular feed motion; The external control mechanism controls the geared motor 21 to drive the vertical shaft 22 to rotate at a constant speed, which in turn drives the horizontal arm 23 and the vertical arm 24 to rotate synchronously. This causes the mounting base 3 and the welding head 5 fixed at the end of the vertical arm 24 to make a uniform circular motion around the flange ring axis, driving the welding head 5 to weld along the root of the ring, forming a continuous and uniform base weld. S3: Welding of multi-layer reinforced welds; S3.1: Adjust the rocking mode: The motor B455 is controlled by an external control mechanism to drive the adjustment component 45 to move the slip ring 44 to a preset position, so that the movable ring 422 deviates from the center of the turntable 411, thereby setting the required working swing amplitude for the swing mechanism 4. The starter motor C63 drives the drive wheel 61 to rotate continuously. The external teeth 611 of the drive wheel 61 periodically mesh with the internal teeth 621 of the driven wheel 62. When disengaging, the locking is achieved by the cooperation of the locking convex arc 612 and the locking concave arc 622, thereby causing the driven wheel 62 and the cam unit 41 fixed thereto to produce intermittent half-cycle rotational motion. S3.2: Perform composite motion welding; While maintaining the circumferential feed motion driven by the geared motor 21, the intermittent rotation of the cam unit 41 is converted into the reciprocating swing motion of the swing block 42 and the welding head 5 fixed thereon along the axis of the slide rod 43 through the movement of the connecting rod 423 and the movable ring 422 in the movable groove 421. Due to the intermittent motion characteristics of the driven wheel 62, the swing motion will pause momentarily in every half cycle, that is, when the welding head 5 moves to the extreme positions on both sides of the weld, increasing the heat input and metal filling time. Under the combined motion of circumferential feed motion and intermittent edge dwelling swing, the welding head 5 performs filling welding on the base weld to form a reinforced weld. S4: Layered filling of the coverage area; After each layer is welded, the position of the welding head 5 can be adjusted, and step S3.2 can be repeated to weld the next layer until the welding is completed and a fish-scale-shaped total weld is formed.

[0042] The embodiments disclosed in this invention are preferred embodiments, but are not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of this invention based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and variations, but as long as they do not depart from the spirit of this invention, they are all within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A welding system for a large press, characterized in that, Includes a frame (1), on which a rotating mechanism (2) is provided, and the rotating end of the rotating mechanism (2) is provided with a welding structure; The rotating end of the rotating mechanism (2) rotates along a circular trajectory; The welding structure includes a mounting base (3), which is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the rotating end of the rotating mechanism (2). The mounting base (3) is provided with a swing mechanism (4), and the swing end of the swing mechanism (4) is fixedly provided with a welding head (5). The mounting base (3) is provided with a rotating component (6), and the output end of the rotating component (6) is fixedly connected to the input end of the swing mechanism (4). When the rocking mechanism (4) stops, the rotating end of the rotating mechanism (2) rotates, causing the welding head (5) to make a uniform circular motion around the flange ring axis, driving the welding head (5) to weld along the root of the ring, forming a continuous and uniform base weld. When the swing mechanism (4) is started, the swing mechanism (4) drives the welding head (5) to perform reciprocating swing motion, which, together with the circumferential feed motion of the rotating mechanism (2), causes the welding head (5) to weld along the composite trajectory, so that a reinforced weld is formed on the surface of the base weld.

2. The welding system for a large press according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating mechanism (2) includes a geared motor (21), a vertical shaft (22), a horizontal arm (23), and a vertical arm (24); the geared motor (21) is fixed at the top of the frame (1), the vertical shaft (22) is rotatably mounted at the top of the frame (1), the horizontal arm (23) is fixed at the bottom of the vertical shaft (22), and the vertical arm (24) is fixed at one end of the horizontal arm (23).

3. The welding system for a large press according to claim 2, characterized in that, A motor A (231) is fixedly mounted on one end of the horizontal arm (23) away from the vertical arm (24). A sliding cavity (232) is opened at the top of the horizontal arm (23). A lead screw A (233) is rotatably mounted on the sliding cavity (232). One end of the lead screw A (233) away from the vertical arm (24) passes through the sliding cavity (232) and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor A (231). A sliding seat (234) is slidably mounted on the sliding cavity (232). The sliding seat (234) is threadedly connected to the lead screw A (233). The top end of the sliding seat (234) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the vertical shaft (22).

4. The welding system for a large press according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mounting base (3) includes a vertical part and an inclined part. The vertical part is fixed to the bottom end of the vertical arm (24). The inclined part is fixed to the bottom end of the vertical part in an inclined structure. The inclined part has a mounting cavity A (31) at the top and a mounting cavity B (32) at the bottom side of the mounting cavity A (31). The inclined part has a cavity A (33) at the bottom end. The inclined part has through grooves (34) on both sides of the bottom. The through grooves (34) are connected to the cavity A (33).

5. The welding system for a large press according to claim 4, characterized in that, The swing mechanism (4) includes a cam unit (41), a swing block (42), two slide rods (43), and two slip rings (44). The cam unit (41) is rotatably mounted on the top of the cavity A (33). The swing block (42) is mounted on the bottom side of the cam unit (41). The two slide rods (43) are symmetrically mounted on both ends of the swing block (42). The two slip rings (44) are respectively mounted in the two through slots (34). The two slip rings (44) are slidably connected to the two slide rods (43). The top of the swing block (42) is provided with a movable slot (421). A movable ring (422) is movably connected to the movable slot (421). A connecting rod (423) is rotatably connected to the movable ring (422). The connecting rod (423) is rotatably connected to the cam unit (41).

6. The welding system for a large press according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cam unit (41) includes a turntable (411), the top of the turntable (411) is fixed with a connecting shaft (410) that is rotatably connected to the cavity A (33), the bottom of the turntable (411) is fixed with a convex plate (412), the convex plate (412) is provided with a horizontal slide groove (413), the horizontal slide groove (413) is slidably connected with a slider A (414), the bottom of the slider A (414) is rotatably connected to the top of the connecting rod (423).

7. The welding system for a large press according to claim 5, characterized in that, The swing mechanism (4) further includes an adjustment component (45), which includes two slide rails (451), a lead screw B (454), and a motor B (455). The two slide rails (451) are respectively fixed on the two through slots (34). A slider X (452) is slidably provided on the slide rail (451). The slider X (452) is fixedly connected to the slip ring (44) through a connecting block (453). The lead screw B (454) is rotatably provided on one of the through slots (34) and threadedly connected to the corresponding connecting block (453). The motor B (455) is fixedly located on one side of the mounting cavity A (31) relative to the lead screw B (454). The top end of the lead screw B (454) passes through the mounting cavity A (31) and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor B (455).

8. The welding system for a large press according to claim 6, characterized in that, The rotating assembly (6) includes a driving wheel (61), a driven wheel (62), and a motor C (63). The driving wheel (61) and the driven wheel (62) are both rotatably mounted on the mounting cavity B (32). The motor C (63) is fixed on the other side of the mounting cavity A (31). The top end of the axle of the driving wheel (61) passes into the mounting cavity A (31) and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor C (63). The top end of the connecting shaft (410) passes into the mounting cavity A (31) and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the driven wheel (62).

9. The welding system for a large press according to claim 8, characterized in that, The circumferential portion of the drive wheel (61) is constructed to include a partial external tooth (611) and a locking convex arc (612), wherein the partial external tooth (611) and the locking convex arc (612) are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, together forming a complete drive circumferential profile; The driven wheel (62) has a larger diameter than the driving wheel (61). The circumferential portion of the driven wheel (62) is constructed to include two local internal teeth (621) and two locking concave arcs (622). The two local internal teeth (621) and the two locking concave arcs (622) are arranged alternately and at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, together forming a complete driven circumferential profile. The local external teeth (611) meshes with the local internal teeth (621), and the locking convex arc (612) moves with the locking concave arc (622).

10. A welding method for a large press, characterized in that: Welding using the welding system of the large press as described in claim 9 includes the following steps: S1: System positioning and working radius adjustment; The welding system is moved to the top of the large press flange ring to be welded. The motor B (455) is controlled by the external control mechanism to drive the lead screw B (454) to rotate. The position of the slider X (452) is adjusted so that the slip ring (44) is placed in the initial position. At this time, the hinge point of the movable ring (422) and the connecting rod (423) corresponds to the center position of the turntable (411), that is, the swing amplitude is set to zero. The motor A (231) is controlled by an external control mechanism to drive the lead screw A (233) to rotate, which in turn drives the slide block (234) to slide along the slide cavity (232) on the horizontal arm (23), thereby adjusting the fixed position of the vertical shaft (22), changing the rotation radius of the vertical arm (24), and making the circumferential motion trajectory of the welding head (5) completely match the flange ring weld. S2: Welding of the base weld; S2.1: Initiate the circular feed motion; The geared motor (21) is controlled by an external control mechanism to drive the vertical shaft (22) to rotate at a constant speed, thereby driving the horizontal arm (23) and the vertical arm (24) to rotate synchronously, so that the mounting seat (3) and the welding head (5) fixed at the end of the vertical arm (24) make uniform circular motion around the flange ring axis, driving the welding head (5) to weld along the root of the ring, forming a continuous and uniform base weld. S3: Welding of multi-layer reinforced welds; S3.1: Adjust the rocking mode: The motor B (455) is controlled by an external control mechanism to drive the adjustment component (45) to move the slip ring (44) to a preset position, so that the movable ring (422) deviates from the center of the turntable (411), thereby setting the required working swing amplitude for the swing mechanism (4); The starting motor C (63) drives the driving wheel (61) to rotate continuously. The local external teeth (611) of the driving wheel (61) periodically mesh with the local internal teeth (621) of the driven wheel (62). When disengaging, the locking is achieved by the cooperation of the locking convex arc (612) and the locking concave arc (622), thereby causing the driven wheel (62) and the cam unit (41) fixed thereto to produce intermittent half-cycle rotational motion. S3.2: Perform composite motion welding; Maintaining the circumferential feed motion driven by the geared motor (21), at this time, the intermittent rotation of the cam unit (41) is converted into the reciprocating swing motion of the swing block (42) and the welding head (5) fixed thereon along the axis of the slide bar (43) through the movement of the connecting rod (423) and the movable ring (422) in the movable groove (421). Due to the intermittent motion characteristics of the driven wheel (62), the swing motion will pause momentarily in every half cycle, that is, when the welding head (5) moves to the extreme positions on both sides of the weld, increasing the heat input and metal filling time. Under the combined motion of circumferential feed motion and intermittent edge dwelling swing, the welding head (5) performs filling welding on the base weld to form a reinforced weld. S4: Layered filling of the coverage area; After each layer is welded, the position of the welding head (5) can be adjusted, and step S3.2 can be repeated to weld the next layer until the welding is completed and a fish-scale-shaped total weld is formed.

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