Cylinder body quenching device

Abstract

The invention discloses a cylinder body quenching device. The cylinder body quenching device comprises a lifting seat and a rotating seat arranged on the lifting seat, a plurality of spraying assemblies for spraying the outer wall and the inner wall of the cylinder body are uniformly arranged on the rotating seat around the circumference of the rotating seat; the spraying assembly comprises a spraying rod and a spraying head rotationally arranged on the spraying rod, the spraying rod is arranged on a rotating seat in a sliding mode, the two ends of the spraying head are connected with driving pieces through pull ropes, and the rotating seat is provided with stopping pieces matched with the driving pieces so as to achieve reversing of the spraying head. Therefore, the spraying of the outer wall and the inner wall of the cylinder body is realized after the spraying rod ascends, descends and displaces; the inner wall and the outer wall of the cylinder body can be sprayed respectively, and the temperature of a spraying medium can be adaptively adjusted in the cooling process, so that the effects of controlling the cooling speed, uniformizing structure transformation, reducing deformation and preventing cracking are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat treatment equipment technology, and in particular to a cylinder quenching device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, induction hardening is widely used for surface hardening of cylindrical parts such as hydraulic cylinder bodies and engine cylinder liners. The general process of this process is as follows: the workpiece is placed on an assembly line and conveyed through an induction coil wrapped around its outer wall. Eddy currents are generated on the surface of the workpiece using the principle of electromagnetic induction, thereby rapidly heating it to the austenitizing temperature. The workpiece is then removed from the coil and immediately sprayed with water to cool its outer wall, causing a martensitic phase transformation and thus obtaining a high-hardness hardened layer.

[0003] However, the existing mainstream quenching process has gradually revealed its inherent technical limitations in production practice, especially in controlling workpiece deformation and optimizing structural stress, which poses a serious challenge in the following two aspects: Firstly, the existing process uses continuous spray cooling of the outer wall in a single direction. Due to the cylindrical structure of the cylinder, the cooling conditions of the inner and outer walls differ significantly. The outer wall is directly impacted by the cooling medium, resulting in extremely rapid cooling. The inner wall, however, is cooled only through heat conduction from the cylinder wall and natural convection of the internal air, at a much slower rate. This severe asynchrony in cooling leads to uneven volume shrinkage, generating significant thermal and structural stresses within the workpiece. This ultimately manifests as plastic deformation such as cylinder ellipticity (out-of-roundness) or excessive taper. This deformation not only increases the difficulty and cost of subsequent finishing processes but can also, in severe cases, lead to the complete scrapping of the workpiece.

[0004] Secondly, rapid cooling in a single step cannot achieve ideal control of the phase transformation process. The quenching cooling process is not necessarily better the faster it is; the ideal cooling curve should follow the principle of "fast at first, then slow": rapid cooling is needed in the high-temperature zone (above approximately 650°C) to suppress the formation of non-martensitic structures and ensure hardness; however, when the workpiece surface temperature drops below the martensite initiation temperature (Ms point, typically around 300°C), the cooling rate needs to be appropriately slowed down to reduce the internal stress caused by the drastic structural transformation, thereby effectively preventing quenching cracks and suppressing deformation. Existing single-step external wall spray cooling methods have a single, non-segmentable cooling rate and temperature. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a cylinder quenching device that can separately spray the inner and outer walls of the cylinder and adaptively adjust the temperature of the spraying medium during the cooling process, thereby achieving the effects of controlling the cooling rate, uniform microstructure transformation, reducing deformation, and preventing cracking.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a cylinder quenching device, comprising a lifting seat and a rotating seat disposed on the lifting seat; The rotating seat is uniformly provided with several spraying components for spraying the outer and inner walls of the cylinder. The spray assembly includes a spray rod and a spray head rotatably mounted on the spray rod. The spray rod is slidably mounted on a rotating seat. Both ends of the spray head are connected to a drive unit via pull ropes. The rotating seat is provided with a stop unit that cooperates with the drive unit to realize the reversal of the spray head, thereby achieving spraying of the outer and inner walls of the cylinder after the spray rod is raised, lowered, and displaced.

[0007] In the above scheme, preferably, the spray head is rotatably mounted on the upper end of the spray rod, and the spray head includes a rotating bracket; The spray bar is equipped with limiting components that cooperate with both sides of the rotating bracket and limit the rotation angle of the spray head.

[0008] In the above scheme, preferably, the limiting member is symmetrically provided with guide plates that cooperate with the two ends of the pull rope on the spray head. The pull rope passes through the guide plate and is connected to the driving member. The driving member is rotatably located at the lower end of the spray rod.

[0009] In the above scheme, preferably, the driving component includes a driving pin and a fixing pin symmetrically arranged on both sides and connected to the pull rope on the spray head; The stop member includes symmetrically arranged stop rods, and the drive pin is located between the symmetrically arranged stop rods.

[0010] In the above scheme, preferably, the rotating seat is provided with a first guide groove that cooperates with the spray rod, and the first guide groove radiates outward from the center of the rotating seat; the spray rod includes a guide surface that slides with the side wall of the first guide groove.

[0011] In the above scheme, preferably, the lifting seat is provided with a drive motor connected to the rotating seat, and the drive motor is provided with a drive shaft fixedly connected to the rotating seat; The drive shaft is provided with a guide disc that drives the spray bar to slide along the first guide groove, and the guide disc is provided with a second guide groove that slides with the spray bar.

[0012] In the above scheme, preferably, the spray rod is provided with a guide rod after passing through the rotating seat, and the guide rod cooperates with the second guide groove; The second guide groove is an arc-shaped long groove, which curves in an arc shape from the end away from the center of the guide plate to the end closer to the center of the guide plate.

[0013] In the above scheme, preferably, the guide plate is provided with a swing arm, the drive shaft is fixedly provided with a drive arm, and a drive push rod is provided between the swing arm and the drive arm. The push rod seat and the push rod end of the drive push rod are respectively hinged to the drive arm and the swing arm.

[0014] In the above scheme, preferably, a button that cooperates with the driving component is provided on one side of the spray bar; The spray head is connected to a reversing valve, which is connected to a cold water pipe and a hot water pipe respectively. The button is electrically connected to the reversing valve to control the water temperature of the spray head.

[0015] In the above scheme, preferably, a lifting push rod is included, which is connected to a lifting seat so that the spray head and spray rod can be raised and lowered relative to the cylinder.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Through the design of a radially movable and automatically steerable spray head, this invention achieves separate and sequential spraying of the inner and outer walls of the cylinder, thereby significantly improving the synchronicity of cooling of the inner and outer walls and effectively reducing the risk of work deformation caused by uneven cooling; secondly, through the mechanical linkage structure (driving component, stop component and pull rope), the steering action of the spray head and the radial displacement of the spray rod are accurately and reliably automatically correlated, ensuring the stability of process execution; Furthermore, this invention integrates a water temperature switching function, using mechanical motion to automatically trigger the circuit to control the reversing valve, thereby automatically switching between hot and cold water at different quenching stages (such as initial rapid cooling of the outer wall and secondary slow cooling of the inner wall), realizing active control of cooling rate and phase transformation process, which is beneficial to optimize metallographic structure and reduce quenching stress and cracking tendency; through the composite motion of lifting, rotating, radial movement and turning, a high degree of automation and flexibility is achieved, which can efficiently complete the controllable cooling process, and is very suitable for the mass production of high-quality cylindrical workpieces. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0020] Figure 4 This is an exploded structural diagram of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the driving component of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 1A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the middle. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: See also Figures 1-6 .

[0024] A cylinder quenching device includes a lifting seat 1, the bottom of which is connected to an external frame via a lifting push rod 5. The extension and retraction of the lifting push rod 5 can drive the entire lifting seat 1 and all its components to rise and fall vertically as a whole. A drive motor 101 is installed inside the lifting seat 1. The output shaft of the drive motor 101, i.e., the drive shaft 102, extends vertically upward and passes through the lifting seat 1.

[0025] A rotating seat 2 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the drive shaft 102, which can rotate together with the drive shaft 102. On the rotating seat 2, a plurality of radially extending first guide grooves 203 are evenly opened along its circumference. The first guide grooves 203 are straight grooves. A set of spraying components 3 is slidably installed in each first guide groove 203. The spraying components 3 move closer to or further away from the center of the rotating seat 2 by sliding along the first guide groove 203. In this embodiment, the spraying components 3 are evenly arranged in 4 sets around the center of the rotating seat 2, that is, 4 sets of first guide grooves 203 that cooperate with the spraying components 3 are opened through the rotating seat 2.

[0026] The spray assembly 3 is used to spray and cool the cylinder body placed above the center of the rotating seat 2. The cylinder body can be held by the grippers on the assembly line, allowing the bottom of the cylinder body to rotate, thus enabling coil heating and spraying by the spray rod. Simultaneously, when the spray rod 301 extends into the cylinder body, it can cool the inside of the cylinder body. Specifically, the spray assembly 3 includes a vertical spray rod 301. The middle section of the spray rod 301 is symmetrically provided with guide surfaces 309 that precisely fit with the side wall of the first guide groove 203, allowing it to slide stably along the side walls of the first guide groove 203. The upper end of the spray rod 301 is hinged to a spray head 302 via a hinge shaft. The spray head 302 can swing around the hinge shaft within a certain angle, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the spray head 302 is facing the outer wall of the cylinder. When the spray head 302 rotates to the side away from the center of the rotating seat 2, the spray head 302 can be in the outward spraying state. At this time, after the spray rod 301 is displaced towards the center of the rotating seat 2, the rod end of the spray rod 301 is placed in the inner hole of the cylinder, so that the spray head 302 can spray towards the inner wall of the cylinder.

[0027] The spray head 302 is connected to the hinge shaft via a rotating bracket 304. A limiting member 305 is fixedly provided on the spray rod 301 below the spray head 302. The protruding parts on both sides of the limiting member 305 form a mechanical limit for the spray head 302 to swing to the left or right. Specifically, the limiting member 305 has symmetrical inclined surfaces on both sides. After the rotating bracket 304 rotates to the left or right, its outer wall near the rotating side can abut against the inclined surface on the limiting member 305, thereby limiting its continued sliding and realizing the angle positioning of the spray head 302.

[0028] The rotating bracket 304 of the spray head 302 has a pull rope connected to each of its left and right sides. The two pull ropes pass downwards through the through holes in the guide plates 306 symmetrically arranged on the limiting member 305, and are finally connected to the driving member 303. Figures 3-6 As shown, the driving component 303 is rotatably connected to the lower end side wall of the spray rod 301 via a horizontal shaft. The driving component 303 includes a forward-extending driving pin 307 and two symmetrically arranged fixing pins 308. The ends of the two pull ropes are respectively fixed to the two fixing pins 308. The driving pin 307 is located above the fixing pins 308. Figure 5 As shown, the drive pin 307 extends vertically outward from the side wall away from the spray bar 301.

[0029] On the upper surface of the rotating base 2, corresponding to the initial position of each spray bar 301, a pair of stop bars 202 are fixedly installed, which together constitute a stop member 201. A gap is left between these stop bars 202. The stop bars 202 extend vertically upwards, and the drive pin 307 on the drive member 303 is spatially perpendicular to the stop bars 202. When the drive pin 307 moves along the first guide groove 203 with the spray bar 301, the drive pin 307 is always located between the two stop bars 202. When the spray bar 301 is in its initial position, i.e. Figure 1 As shown, at this time, the spray bar 301 is located at the outermost end of the first guide groove 203, and the spray head 302 is in the state of spraying onto the outer wall of the cylinder body. At the same time, the drive pin 307 is in contact with the stop bar 202 on the side away from the center of the rotating seat 2, causing the drive member 303 to move along... Figure 3 The spray head 302 swings clockwise in the direction shown, and the pull rope at the right end of the drive unit 303 pulls the spray head 302 to swing clockwise, causing it to... Figure 6 The tilted spray state is shown; conversely, when the spray bar 301 moves along the first guide groove 203 towards the end closer to the center of the rotating seat 2, the drive member 303 moves synchronously and causes the drive pin 307 to contact the stop bar 202 on the side closer to the center of the rotating seat 2, and causes the drive member 303 to rotate in the opposite direction. At this time, after the drive member 303 rotates in the opposite direction, the spray head 302 rotates in the opposite direction through the pull rope on the other side, so that it sprays towards the other side.

[0030] In this embodiment, the mechanism for driving the spray bar 301 to move radially is located below the rotating base 2. Specifically, a guide disk 103 is rotatably mounted on the drive shaft 102, below the rotating base 2. The guide disk 103 cannot move up and down, but can rotate freely on the drive shaft 102. Multiple second guide grooves 104, corresponding to the number of spray components 3, are provided on the guide disk 103. The second guide grooves 104 are specific arc-shaped long grooves, such as... Figure 4 As shown, a guide rod 310 extends downward from the bottom of the spray rod 301, and the lower end of the guide rod 310 is inserted into the corresponding second guide groove 104. A swing arm 105 is fixed to the outer edge of the guide disc 103. At the same time, a drive arm 106 is fixedly installed on the drive shaft 102. The two ends of the drive push rod 107 are hinged to the drive arm 106 and the swing arm 105, respectively. When the drive push rod 107 extends or retracts, it pushes the swing arm 105, thereby causing the entire guide disc 103 to rotate around the drive shaft 102. When the guide disc 103 rotates, the arc-shaped wall of the second guide groove 104 on it pushes or pulls the guide rod 310, forcing the spray rod 301 to slide radially along the first guide groove 203 on the rotating seat 2.

[0031] In this embodiment, a button 4 is also installed on one side of the spray rod 301. The position of the button 4 is designed so that when the drive member 303 swings away from the rotating base 2, a certain part of it will trigger the button 4. That is, when the spray rod 301 slides towards the center of the rotating base 2, the spray head 302 moves along... Figure 2 After the rotating seat 2 is swung away from its center, button 4 is triggered by drive component 303. This causes the spray assembly 3 to extend into the cylinder, spraying the inner wall of the cylinder through spray head 302. An electrically controlled directional valve (not shown in the figure) is installed on the inlet pipe of spray head 302. The two inlets of the directional valve are connected to a cold water pipe and a hot water pipe, respectively. The hot water pipe is preferably connected to a constant hot water supply with a temperature controllable between 30-40℃. The outlet is connected to spray head 302. Button 4 is electrically connected to the directional valve and is used to control the valve core position to switch the water path.

[0032] The method of using a cylinder quenching device as described above: Phase 1: External wall spraying.

[0033] The lifting push rod 5 actuates, lowering the entire device to the working height, aligning all spray heads 302 with the lower end of the cylinder. The drive push rod 107 extends... Figure 1 and Figure 4In the indicated state, the guide disc 103 rotates, causing all spray bars 301 to slide radially outward along the first guide groove 203 until the spray head 302 is aligned with the outer wall of the cylinder. In the initial stage of this radial sliding, the drive pin 307 on the drive member 303 slides towards and abuts against the stop bar 202 on the side away from the rotating seat 2. Due to the blocking effect of the stop bar 202 on the drive pin 307, the drive member 303 is forced to rotate. The rotation of the drive member 303 pulls the spray head 302 through the pull rope, causing it to swing towards the outer wall until it is blocked by the limiting member 305. At this time, the spray nozzle of the spray head 302 is precisely aligned with the outer wall of the cylinder (e.g., ...). Figure 2 (State). In this state, the drive unit 303 has not yet triggered button 4, and the reversing valve is connected to the cold water pipe by default. Start the drive motor 101, and the drive shaft 102 drives the rotating seat 2, the spray assembly 3, and the guide plate 103 to rotate at a constant speed together, and cooperates with the vertical lifting and sliding of the lifting push rod 5. At the same time, cold water is supplied to the spray head 302, and the cold water is sprayed onto the outer wall of the high-temperature cylinder to achieve initial rapid cooling.

[0034] Phase Two: Inner Wall Spraying and Water Temperature Switching.

[0035] When the outer wall cooling reaches the predetermined time, or when the workpiece surface temperature is monitored to drop to the target value (such as near the martensitic transformation start temperature), the second stage begins. The lifting push rod 5 descends to the bottom, causing the spray head 302 to descend below the cylinder. Subsequently, the drive push rod 107 retracts, pushing the guide plate 103 to rotate in the opposite direction. Guided by the arc-shaped contour of the second guide groove 104, all spray rods 301 slide radially inward towards the rotation center (i.e., the cylinder center) in sync. When the spray bar 301 moves to a specific position, the spray head 302 enters the interior of the cylinder. During the radial inward sliding process, the drive pin 307 of the drive component 303 contacts the stop bar 202 near the center of the rotating seat 2. As the sliding continues, the stop bar 202 forces the drive pin 307 and the entire drive component 303 to rotate in the opposite direction. This rotation causes the spray head 302 to swing towards the inner wall via a pull rope until it is aligned with the inner wall of the cylinder. At the end of this rotation, the drive component 303 presses the button 4 on the spray bar 301. After the button 4 is triggered, it sends a signal to control the reversing valve to switch the water circuit, connecting the cold water pipe to the hot water pipe (e.g., hot water at 35-40℃). At this time, the device continues to rotate and moves up and down in conjunction with the lifting push rod 5. The spray head 302 sprays the hot water at a higher temperature onto the inner wall of the cylinder, achieving relatively gentle secondary cooling. This process helps to balance the cooling rate difference between the inner and outer walls and slows down cooling in the martensitic transformation zone, reducing stress.

[0036] After the cooling process is completed, stop spraying and rotating, remove the workpiece, and complete one work cycle.

[0037] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cylinder quenching device, characterized in that: It includes a lifting seat (1) and a rotating seat (2) disposed on the lifting seat (1); The rotating seat (2) is uniformly provided with a number of spraying components (3) for spraying the outer and inner walls of the cylinder. The spray assembly (3) includes a spray rod (301) and a spray head (302) rotatably mounted on the spray rod (301). The spray rod (301) is slidably mounted on the rotating seat (2). The two ends of the spray head (302) are connected to a drive member (303) by a pull rope. The rotating seat (2) is provided with a stop member (201) that cooperates with the drive member (303) to realize the reversal of the spray head (302), so that the spray rod (301) can spray the outer wall and inner wall of the cylinder after lifting and displacement.

2. The cylinder quenching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray head (302) is rotatably mounted on the upper end of the spray rod (301), and the spray head (302) includes a rotating bracket (304). The spray bar (301) is provided with a limiting member (305) that cooperates with both sides of the rotating bracket (304) and limits the rotation angle of the spray head (302).

3. The cylinder quenching device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting member (305) is symmetrically provided with guide plates (306) that cooperate with the two ends of the pull rope on the spray head (302). The pull rope passes through the guide plate (306) and is connected to the driving member (303). The driving member (303) is rotatably located at the lower end of the spray rod (301).

4. A cylinder quenching device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drive component (303) includes a drive pin (307) and a fixing pin (308) symmetrically arranged on both sides and connected to the pull rope on the spray head (302). The stop member (201) includes symmetrically arranged stop rods (202), and the drive pin (307) is located between the symmetrically arranged stop rods (202).

5. A cylinder quenching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating seat (2) is provided with a first guide groove (203) that cooperates with the spray rod (301). The first guide groove (203) radiates outward from the center of the rotating seat (2). The spray rod (301) includes a guide surface (309) that slides with the side wall of the first guide groove (203).

6. A cylinder quenching device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lifting seat (1) is provided with a drive motor (101) connected to the rotating seat (2), and the drive motor (101) is provided with a drive shaft (102) fixedly connected to the rotating seat (2). The drive shaft (102) is rotatably provided with a guide disc (103) that drives the spray rod (301) to slide along the first guide groove (203). The guide disc (103) is provided with a second guide groove (104) that slides with the spray rod (301).

7. A cylinder quenching device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The spray bar (301) passes through the rotating seat (2) and is provided with a guide rod (310), which cooperates with the second guide groove (104); The second guide groove (104) is an arc-shaped long groove, which curves in an arc shape from one end away from the center of the guide disk (103) to the other end close to the center of the guide disk (103).

8. A cylinder quenching device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The guide plate (103) is provided with a swing arm (105), and the drive shaft (102) is fixed with a drive arm (106). A drive push rod (107) is provided between the swing arm (105) and the drive arm (106). The push rod seat and push rod end of the drive push rod (107) are respectively hinged to the drive arm (106) and the swing arm (105).

9. A cylinder quenching device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spray bar (301) has a button (4) on one side that cooperates with the drive component (303); The spray head (302) is connected to a reversing valve, which is connected to a cold water pipe and a hot water pipe respectively. The button (4) is electrically connected to the reversing valve to control the water temperature of the spray head (302).

10. A cylinder quenching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes a lifting push rod (5), which is connected to the lifting seat (1) so that the spray head (302) and the spray rod (301) can be raised and lowered relative to the cylinder.

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