A soybean threshing device suitable for both single-plant and multi-plant threshing.

Abstract

This invention discloses a soybean threshing device suitable for single-plant and multi-plant threshing, belonging to the field of soybean threshing technology. It includes a shell with a sealing cover fixedly mounted on the top. A feed inlet is located on one side of the sealing cover, and a pressing and fixing mechanism is located on the top of the feed inlet on the same side. A first discharge port is located on the side of the sealing cover away from the feed inlet, used to discharge soybean stalks. A threshing roller is rotatably mounted inside the shell, with a pulley fixedly connected to one side of the roller penetrating the shell. A drive motor is fixedly mounted on the bottom side of the shell. Through its ingenious structural design and advanced intelligent control system, the efficiency, quality, stability, and intelligence of soybean threshing are significantly improved. From feeding and fixing to threshing, cleaning, and equipment status monitoring and control, each link works closely together to form a highly efficient and precise threshing system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soybean threshing technology, and more specifically, to a soybean breeding threshing device suitable for threshing single plants and multiple plants. Background Technology

[0002] In soybean breeding, threshing is crucial, but traditional soybean threshing equipment has many shortcomings. On the one hand, most traditional equipment can only meet the threshing needs of a single species, either for threshing a single soybean plant or for threshing multiple soybean plants, making it difficult to switch flexibly. In actual breeding work, facing different breeding experiment requirements, it is necessary to frequently change equipment, which greatly reduces work efficiency.

[0003] On the other hand, traditional threshing equipment uses a rather simple and crude method to fix soybean plants during the threshing process. It cannot adapt well to the feeding conditions of single or multiple soybean plants, which may cause the soybean plants to shift position during threshing, affecting the threshing effect and even causing loss of soybean grains. Moreover, traditional equipment lacks precise control over the threshing process and cannot dynamically adjust threshing parameters, such as the rotation speed of the threshing rollers and the pressure of compression, according to the type of soybean plant feeding, such as single or multiple plants, resulting in unstable threshing quality.

[0004] Furthermore, the cleaning function of traditional threshing devices is inadequate. After threshing, it is difficult to efficiently separate impurities, broken leaves, and soybean seeds, affecting the purity of the soybean seeds. At the same time, the monitoring of equipment operation is not comprehensive enough. It is impossible to keep track of information such as the temperature, vibration, and material level in the collection box of key components in real time. Once an abnormality occurs, it cannot be detected and dealt with in a timely manner, which may lead to equipment damage and further affect the smooth progress of threshing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a soybean threshing device suitable for threshing single plants and multiple plants, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] A soybean threshing device suitable for single-plant and multi-plant threshing includes an outer shell. A sealing cover is fixedly installed on the top of the outer shell. A feed inlet is opened on one side of the sealing cover. A pressing and fixing mechanism is provided on the top of the feed inlet on the same side of the sealing cover. A first discharge outlet is opened on the side of the sealing cover away from the feed inlet for discharging soybean stalks. A threshing roller is rotatably installed inside the outer shell. A pulley is fixedly connected to one side of the threshing roller through the outer shell. A drive motor is fixedly installed on one side of the bottom of the outer shell. A sleeve is fixedly fitted on the output end of the drive motor. A belt is connected to the pulley via the belt drive. Inside the outer casing, a feeding pipe is fixedly installed below the threshing roller. The feeding pipe has an opening at its bottom. A receiving box is slidably installed on one side of the bottom of the outer casing. The receiving box is located below the opening of the feeding pipe. A second discharge port is opened on one side of the feeding pipe. The second discharge port is used to discharge dust and broken leaves. A waste collection box is slidably installed on the rear side of the outer casing. The first discharge port and the second discharge port are located above the waste collection box. An intelligent control system is installed inside the sealing cover.

[0007] Preferably, a straw removal mechanism is provided on one side inside the sealing cover, an air outlet pipe is fixedly provided on the other side of the feeding pipe where the second discharge port is provided, a blower is fixedly provided on one side of the bottom of the outer shell, a connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the top output end of the blower, the connecting pipe passes through the outer shell and is fixedly connected to the air outlet pipe, and a metering mechanism is provided inside the feeding pipe above the second discharge port.

[0008] Preferably, the compression and fixing mechanism includes multiple telescopic rods rotatably disposed on one side of the top of the sealing cover. A sliding block is rotatably disposed at one end of each telescopic rod. A rotating seat is fixedly disposed on one side of the top of the sealing cover, and a compression plate is rotatably disposed through the rotating seat. The compression plate is located at the top of the feed inlet. The sliding block is slidably disposed on one side of the top of the compression plate. Multiple locking blocks are disposed at the bottom of the compression plate. The multiple locking blocks are used to press and fix the soybean straw when the compression plate rotates to the top of the feed inlet.

[0009] Preferably, the straw removal mechanism includes an isolation baffle rotatably disposed on one side inside the sealing cover. The isolation baffle is disposed on one side of the top of the first discharge port, and one side cooperates with the inner wall of the sealing cover to seal the first discharge port. A matching sealing plate is fixedly disposed on the top of the isolation baffle. The matching sealing plate cooperates with the outer side of the threshing roller to prevent soybean straw from entering the upper part of the feeding pipe when the extrusion mechanism releases the fixation of the soybean straw, and to guide the soybean straw from the first discharge port into the interior of the waste collection box.

[0010] Preferably, the metering mechanism includes a metering rotating plate rotatably disposed inside the feeding pipe. The metering rotating plate is located above the feeding pipe and the second discharge port, and has four baffles on its outer side for sealing the feeding pipe during rotation, allowing only a certain amount of material to be fed. A feeding motor is fixedly disposed on the outer side of the housing, and the output end of the feeding motor passes through the housing and is fixedly connected to the metering rotating plate.

[0011] Preferably, the intelligent control system includes a main control module, a drive control module, and a sensing module. The main control module is electrically connected to the drive control module and the sensing module, respectively. The drive control module is electrically connected to the drive units of the drive motor, the feeding motor, the blower, and the telescopic rod, respectively, and is used to receive instructions from the main control module and drive the actions of each execution component. The sensing module includes a plant detection sensor installed inside the feed inlet, which is used to detect the feeding status of soybean plants at the feed inlet and transmit the signal to the main control module. The main control module controls the extension and retraction of the telescopic rod of the extrusion fixing mechanism according to the plant detection signal, so as to realize the automatic clamping and fixing of the soybean plants by the extrusion plate.

[0012] Preferably, the sensing module further includes a speed sensor disposed on one side of the threshing roller and a pressure sensor disposed at the bottom of the extrusion plate. The speed sensor is used to collect the speed data of the threshing roller in real time, and the pressure sensor is used to collect the clamping pressure data of the extrusion plate on the soybean plant. Both are electrically connected to the main control module. The intelligent control system further includes a parameter storage module, which pre-stores the standard speed threshold and clamping pressure threshold corresponding to single-plant threshing and multi-plant threshing. The main control module compares the real-time collected speed data and pressure data with the standard thresholds, and dynamically adjusts the output speed of the drive motor and the extension and retraction of the telescopic rod through the drive control module to adapt the threshing process to the current feeding type.

[0013] Preferably, the intelligent control system further includes a cleaning control module, and the sensing module further includes a seed flow sensor installed inside the feeding pipe. The seed flow sensor is electrically connected to the main control module and is used to detect the falling flow rate of soybean seeds in the feeding pipe in real time. The cleaning control module is electrically connected to the blower. Based on the flow data collected by the seed flow sensor, the main control module adjusts the blower's air supply power through the cleaning control module, and simultaneously controls the rotation speed of the feeding motor to match the rotation speed of the quantitative rotating plate with the seed flow rate, ensuring efficient separation of dust, broken leaves and soybean seeds.

[0014] Preferably, the intelligent control system further includes a status monitoring and alarm module. The sensing module includes a temperature sensor and a vibration sensor installed inside the housing, as well as a material level sensor installed inside the receiving bin and the waste collection bin. Each sensor is electrically connected to the main control module. The temperature sensor is used to detect the operating temperature of the drive motor and the feeding motor. The vibration sensor is used to detect the vibration amplitude of the threshing roller. The material level sensor is used to detect the filling height of the material in the collection bin. When the main control module determines that the detected data exceeds the preset safety threshold, the alarm module issues an audible and visual alarm signal. At the same time, the main control module controls the corresponding actuator to reduce the load or stop the machine.

[0015] Preferably, the intelligent control system further includes a human-machine interaction module and a wireless communication module. The human-machine interaction module is located on the outside of the sealing cover and includes a touch screen and control buttons for selecting the threshing mode, setting parameters, and displaying the operating status. The wireless communication module is electrically connected to the main control module and uses Bluetooth or WiFi communication protocols to upload operating data such as rotation speed, pressure, flow rate, and temperature during the threshing process to a mobile terminal or host computer in real time. It also supports remote reception of control commands to realize remote start-up and shutdown of the device and parameter adjustment.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this invention are:

[0017] Through its ingenious structural design and advanced intelligent control system, the efficiency, quality, stability, and intelligence of soybean breeding threshing operations are significantly improved. From feeding and fixing to threshing, cleaning, and equipment status monitoring and control, each link works closely together to form a highly efficient and precise threshing system.

[0018] Overall, this device enables flexible switching between single-plant and multi-plant soybean threshing, precise control of the threshing process, efficient separation of impurities and grains, real-time monitoring of equipment status, and intelligent remote control, comprehensively meeting the diverse needs of soybean breeding threshing work. It not only improves the quality and efficiency of threshing and reduces manual intervention but also enhances the reliability and lifespan of the equipment, providing strong support for soybean breeding work.

[0019] First, the unique structural design ensures the orderly progress of the threshing process. The feed inlet at the top of the sealed cap facilitates the entry of soybean plants, and the squeezing and fixing mechanism automatically clamps and fixes the soybean plants according to the feeding status, ensuring plant stability during threshing. The threshing roller, driven by a motor, threshes the soybeans, and the straw removal mechanism effectively guides the soybean straw out of the first discharge port, preventing it from mixing with the soybean seeds. The feeding pipe transports the soybean seeds, and the metering mechanism controls the amount of seeds fed. The receiving box collects the threshed soybean seeds, and the debris collection box collects dust and broken leaves. All parts work together to ensure a smooth threshing process.

[0020] Secondly, the intelligent control system achieves precise control of the threshing process. The main control module acquires plant detection signals at the feed inlet, threshing roller speed data, and extrusion plate clamping pressure data through the sensing module. Based on this information, it compares it with pre-stored single-plant and multi-plant threshing standard thresholds, and dynamically adjusts the drive motor speed and telescopic rod extension amount through the drive control module to adapt the threshing process to the feed type, ensuring threshing effect and quality.

[0021] Furthermore, the cleaning control module works in conjunction with the seed flow sensor in the sensing module to adjust the blower power and feed motor speed in real time according to the seed flow, ensuring efficient separation of impurities, broken leaves and soybean seeds, and improving the purity of soybean seeds.

[0022] Then, the status monitoring and alarm module monitors the equipment's operating status in real time through temperature sensors, vibration sensors, and material level sensors. When the detected data exceeds the preset safety threshold, it promptly issues audible and visual alarm signals and controls the corresponding actuators to reduce the load or shut down, effectively preventing equipment damage and ensuring stable equipment operation.

[0023] Finally, the human-machine interaction module facilitates operators in selecting threshing modes, setting parameters, and viewing operating status. The wireless communication module can upload operating data to a mobile terminal or host computer in real time and supports remote reception of control commands, enabling remote start-up and shutdown of the device and parameter adjustment, thus improving the convenience and intelligence of operation. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall bottom structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall back structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the threshing roller structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the extrusion fixing mechanism of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the isolation baffle structure of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the quantitative rotating plate structure of the present invention.

[0032] The following are the labels in the diagram: 1. Outer shell; 10. Receiving box; 11. Drive motor; 12. Feeding motor; 13. Belt; 14. Pulley; 15. Miscellaneous material collection box; 16. Threshing roller; 2. Sealing cover; 20. Feed inlet; 21. First discharge port; 22. Isolation baffle; 23. Matching sealing plate; 3. Extrusion fixing mechanism; 30. Telescopic rod; 31. Sliding block; 32. Rotating seat; 33. Extrusion plate; 34. Clamping block; 4. Feeding pipe; 40. Second discharge port; 41. Quantitative rotating plate; 5. Air outlet pipe; 50. Connecting pipe; 51. Blower. Detailed Implementation

[0033] Example: Please refer to Figures 1-8 A soybean threshing device suitable for single-plant and multi-plant threshing includes an outer shell 1. A sealing cover 2 is fixedly installed on the top of the outer shell 1. A feed inlet 20 is opened on one side of the sealing cover 2. A pressing and fixing mechanism 3 is installed on the top of the feed inlet 20 on one side of the sealing cover 2. A first discharge port 21 is opened on the side of the sealing cover 2 away from the feed inlet 20. The first discharge port 21 is used to discharge soybean straw. A threshing roller 16 is rotatably installed inside the outer shell 1. A pulley 14 is fixedly connected to one side of the threshing roller 16 through the outer shell 1. A drive motor 11 is fixedly installed on one side of the bottom of the outer shell 1. A belt 12 is fixedly sleeved on the output end of the drive motor 11 and is connected to the pulley 14 through the belt 12. A feeding pipe 4 is fixedly installed inside the outer shell 1 below the threshing roller 16. The bottom of the feeding pipe 4 is provided with an opening. A receiving box 10 is slidably installed on one side of the bottom of the outer shell 1. The receiving box 10 is located below the opening of the feeding pipe 4. A second discharge port 40 is provided on one side, which is used to discharge dust and broken leaves. A waste collection box 15 is slidably provided on the rear side of the outer shell 1. The first discharge port 21 and the second discharge port 40 are located above the waste collection box 15. An intelligent control system is provided inside the sealing cover 2.

[0034] In operation, soybean plants enter through the feed inlet 20, are secured by the compression and fixing mechanism 3, and are driven by the drive motor 11 via the belt 12 to rotate the threshing roller 16 for threshing. The threshed straw is discharged from the first discharge port 21, while dust and broken leaves are discharged from the second discharge port 40. The soybean seeds fall into the collection box 10 through the feeding pipe 4. This structure establishes a complete basic framework for soybean threshing, collection, and waste discharge, providing hardware support for the threshing process.

[0035] Specifically, a straw removal mechanism is provided on one side inside the sealing cover 2, and an air outlet pipe 5 is fixedly provided on the other side of the feeding pipe 4 where the second discharge port 40 is provided. A blower 51 is fixedly provided on one side of the bottom of the outer shell 1, and a connecting pipe 50 is fixedly connected to the top output end of the blower 51. The connecting pipe 50 passes through the outer shell 1 and is fixedly connected to the air outlet pipe 5. A metering mechanism is provided inside the feeding pipe 4 above the second discharge port 40.

[0036] During operation, the straw removal mechanism prevents straw from entering the upper part of the feeding pipe 4 and guides it out. The blower 51 generates airflow inside the feeding pipe 4 through the connecting pipe 50 and the air outlet pipe 5, which, together with the second discharge port 40, separates impurities and broken leaves from the grains. The metering mechanism controls the amount of grains fed. Through these structures, the cleaning and feeding control functions after threshing are further improved, thereby enhancing threshing quality and efficiency.

[0037] Specifically, the compression and fixing mechanism 3 includes multiple telescopic rods 30 rotatably mounted on one side of the top of the sealing cover 2. A sliding block 31 is rotatably mounted on one end of each telescopic rod 30. A rotating seat 32 is fixedly mounted on one side of the top of the sealing cover 2, and a compression plate 33 is rotatably mounted via the rotating seat 32. The compression plate 33 is located at the top of the feed inlet 20. The sliding block 31 is slidably mounted on one side of the top of the compression plate 33. Multiple locking blocks 34 are provided at the bottom of the compression plate 33. The multiple locking blocks 34 are used to press and fix the soybean straw when the compression plate 33 rotates to the top of the feed inlet 20.

[0038] During use, the telescopic rod 30 extends and retracts, causing the sliding block 31 to move, which in turn causes the extrusion plate 33 to rotate around the rotating seat 32. When the extrusion plate 33 rotates to the top of the feed inlet 20, the clamping block 34 presses down and fixes the soybean stalks. Through the extrusion and fixing mechanism, the soybean plants can be automatically clamped and fixed according to their feeding status, ensuring plant stability during the threshing process and improving the threshing effect.

[0039] Specifically, the straw removal mechanism includes an isolation baffle 22 rotatably disposed on one side inside the sealing cover 2. The isolation baffle 22 is disposed on one side of the top of the first discharge port 21, and one side cooperates with the inner wall of the sealing cover 2 to seal the first discharge port 21. A matching sealing plate 23 is fixedly disposed on the top of the isolation baffle 22. The matching sealing plate 23 cooperates with the outer side of the threshing roller 16 to prevent soybean straw from entering the upper part of the feeding pipe 4 when the extrusion mechanism releases the fixation of the soybean straw, and guides the soybean straw from the first discharge port 21 into the interior of the miscellaneous material collection box 15.

[0040] During use, when the extrusion mechanism releases the soybean straw from its fixation, the isolation baffle 22 and the cooperating sealing plate 23 prevent the straw from entering the upper part of the feeding pipe 4, guiding the straw out from the first discharge port 21. This straw removal mechanism effectively prevents the straw from mixing with the grains, ensuring the purity of the grains.

[0041] Specifically, the metering mechanism includes a metering rotating plate 41 rotatably disposed inside the feeding pipe 4. The metering rotating plate 41 is located above the feeding pipe 4 and the second discharge port 40, and has four baffles on its outer side to seal the feeding pipe 4 during rotation, allowing only a certain amount of material to be discharged. A feeding motor 13 is fixedly disposed on the outer side of the outer shell 1. The output end of the feeding motor 13 passes through the outer shell 1 and is fixedly connected to the metering rotating plate 41.

[0042] During operation, the feeding motor 13 drives the metering rotating plate 41 to rotate, and the baffle of the metering rotating plate 41 controls the feeding quantity. Through the metering mechanism, precise control of the amount of soybean seeds fed is achieved, which helps to ensure the efficient operation of subsequent cleaning work.

[0043] Specifically, the intelligent control system includes a main control module, a drive control module, and a sensing module. The main control module is electrically connected to the drive control module and the sensing module, respectively. The drive control module is electrically connected to the drive units of the drive motor 11, the feeding motor 13, the blower 51, and the telescopic rod 30, respectively, and is used to receive instructions from the main control module and drive the actions of each execution component. The sensing module includes a plant detection sensor set inside the feed inlet 20, which is used to detect the feeding status of soybean plants at the feed inlet and transmit the signal to the main control module. The main control module controls the telescopic rod 30 of the extrusion fixing mechanism 3 to extend and retract according to the plant detection signal, so as to realize the automatic clamping and fixing of the soybean plants by the extrusion plate 33.

[0044] During operation, the plant detection sensor detects the feeding status signal and transmits it to the main control module. The main control module then controls the extension and retraction of the telescopic rod 30 via the drive control module, enabling the extrusion plate 33 to automatically clamp and fix the soybean plant. This part of the intelligent control system achieves automated and precise control of feeding and fixing, improving threshing efficiency and quality.

[0045] Specifically, the sensing module also includes a speed sensor located on one side of the threshing roller 16 and a pressure sensor located at the bottom of the extrusion plate 33. The speed sensor is used to collect the speed data of the threshing roller 16 in real time, and the pressure sensor is used to collect the clamping pressure data of the extrusion plate 33 on the soybean plants. Both are electrically connected to the main control module. The intelligent control system also includes a parameter storage module, which pre-stores the standard speed threshold and clamping pressure threshold corresponding to single-plant threshing and multi-plant threshing. The main control module compares the real-time collected speed data and pressure data with the standard thresholds, and dynamically adjusts the output speed of the drive motor 11 and the extension and retraction of the telescopic rod 30 through the drive control module to adapt the threshing process to the current feeding type.

[0046] During operation, the speed and pressure sensors collect data and transmit it to the main control module. The main control module compares this data with pre-stored thresholds and then adjusts the speed of the drive motor 11 and the extension / retraction amount of the telescopic rod 30 via the drive control module. This intelligent control adapts the threshing process to the feed type, improving threshing quality.

[0047] Specifically, the intelligent control system also includes a cleaning control module, and the sensing module includes a seed flow sensor installed inside the feeding pipe 4. The seed flow sensor is electrically connected to the main control module and is used to detect the falling flow rate of soybean seeds in the feeding pipe in real time. The cleaning control module is electrically connected to the blower 51. Based on the flow data collected by the seed flow sensor, the main control module adjusts the air supply power of the blower 51 through the cleaning control module, and at the same time controls the speed of the feeding motor 13 to match the rotation speed of the quantitative rotating plate 41 with the seed flow rate, so as to ensure the efficient separation of dust, broken leaves and soybean seeds.

[0048] During operation, the grain flow sensor collects flow data and transmits it to the main control module. The main control module then adjusts the power of the blower 51 and the speed of the feeding motor 13 through the cleaning control module. This process enables intelligent adjustment of the cleaning process, improving the separation efficiency of grains from impurities, dust, and broken leaves.

[0049] Specifically, the intelligent control system also includes a status monitoring and alarm module, and the sensing module includes a temperature sensor and a vibration sensor installed inside the housing 1, as well as a material level sensor installed inside the receiving box 10 and the waste collection box 15. Each sensor is electrically connected to the main control module. The temperature sensor is used to detect the operating temperature of the drive motor 11 and the feeding motor 13, the vibration sensor is used to detect the operating vibration amplitude of the threshing roller 16, and the material level sensor is used to detect the filling height of the material in the collection box. When the main control module determines that the detected data exceeds the preset safety threshold, the alarm module issues an audible and visual alarm signal, and at the same time, the main control module controls the corresponding actuator to reduce the load or stop the machine.

[0050] During operation, temperature, vibration, and level sensors collect data and transmit it to the main control module. When thresholds are exceeded, the alarm module sounds an alarm, and the main control module controls the actuators. Through status monitoring and alarm modules, stable equipment operation is ensured, preventing equipment damage.

[0051] Specifically, the intelligent control system also includes a human-machine interaction module and a wireless communication module. The human-machine interaction module is located on the outside of the sealing cover 2 and includes a touch screen and control buttons, used to select the threshing mode, set parameters, and display the operating status. The wireless communication module is electrically connected to the main control module and uses Bluetooth or WiFi communication protocols to upload operating data such as rotation speed, pressure, flow rate, and temperature during the threshing process to a mobile terminal or host computer in real time. It also supports remote reception of control commands to realize remote start-up and shutdown of the device and parameter adjustment.

[0052] During operation, operators select the threshing mode, set parameters, and view status through the human-machine interface module, while the wireless communication module enables data uploading and remote control. This enhances operational convenience and intelligence, facilitating remote equipment management.

[0053] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A soybean threshing device suitable for single-plant and multi-plant threshing, comprising a shell (1), characterized in that: A sealing cover (2) is fixedly installed on the top of the outer shell (1). A feed inlet (20) is opened on one side of the sealing cover (2). A pressing and fixing mechanism (3) is provided on the top of the feed inlet (20) on one side of the sealing cover (2). A first discharge port (21) is opened on the side of the sealing cover (2) away from the feed inlet (20). The first discharge port (21) is used to discharge soybean straw. A threshing roller (16) is rotatably installed inside the outer shell (1). A pulley (14) is fixedly connected to one side of the threshing roller (16) through the outer shell (1). A drive motor (11) is fixedly installed on one side of the bottom of the outer shell (1). A belt (12) is fixedly sleeved on the output end of the drive motor (11). The belt (14) passes through the pulley (12) and drives the pulley to the bottom. 2) The outer shell (1) is connected to the pulley (14) for transmission. A feeding pipe (4) is fixedly installed inside the outer shell (1) below the threshing roller (16). The feeding pipe (4) has an opening at the bottom. A receiving box (10) is slidably installed on one side of the bottom of the outer shell (1). The receiving box (10) is located below the opening of the feeding pipe (4). A second discharge port (40) is opened on one side of the feeding pipe (4). The second discharge port (40) is used to discharge dust and broken leaves. A waste collection box (15) is slidably installed on the rear side of the outer shell (1). The first discharge port (21) and the second discharge port (40) are located above the waste collection box (15). An intelligent control system is installed inside the sealing cover (2). The intelligent control system includes a main control module, a drive control module, and a sensing module. The main control module is electrically connected to the drive control module and the sensing module, respectively. The drive control module is electrically connected to the drive unit of the drive motor (11) and the extrusion fixing mechanism (3), respectively. The sensing module includes a speed sensor set on one side of the threshing roller (16) and a pressure sensor set on the bottom of the extrusion plate (33). The speed sensor is used to collect the speed data of the threshing roller (16) in real time. The pressure sensor is used to collect the clamping pressure data of the extrusion plate (33) on the soybean plant. The intelligent control system also includes a parameter storage module, which pre-stores the standard speed threshold and clamping pressure threshold corresponding to single plant threshing and multi-plant threshing. The main control module compares the real-time collected speed data and pressure data with the standard thresholds. The drive control module dynamically adjusts the output speed of the drive motor (11) and the extension and retraction of the extrusion fixing mechanism (3) to adapt the threshing process to the current feeding type. The compression fixing mechanism (3) includes multiple telescopic rods (30) rotatably disposed on one side of the top of the sealing cover (2). A sliding block (31) is rotatably disposed at one end of the telescopic rod (30). A rotating seat (32) is fixedly disposed on one side of the top of the sealing cover (2), and a compression plate (33) is rotatably disposed through the rotating seat (32). The compression plate (33) is located at the top of the feed inlet (20). The sliding block (31) is slidably disposed on one side of the top of the compression plate (33). Multiple locking blocks (34) are disposed at the bottom of the compression plate (33). The multiple locking blocks (34) are used to press and fix the soybean straw when the compression plate (33) rotates to the top of the feed inlet (20).

2. The soybean threshing device according to claim 1, suitable for threshing single plants and multiple plants, is characterized in that: The sealing cover (2) has a straw removal mechanism on one side inside. The feeding pipe (4) has an air outlet pipe (5) fixedly installed on the other side where the second discharge port (40) is provided. The bottom side of the outer shell (1) has a blower (51) fixedly installed. The top output end of the blower (51) is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe (50). The connecting pipe (50) passes through the outer shell (1) and is fixedly connected to the air outlet pipe (5). The feeding pipe (4) has a metering mechanism installed inside above the second discharge port (40).

3. The soybean threshing device according to claim 2, suitable for threshing single plants and multiple plants, is characterized in that: The straw removal mechanism includes an isolation baffle (22) rotatably disposed on one side inside the sealing cover (2). The isolation baffle (22) is disposed on one side of the top of the first discharge port (21), and one side cooperates with the inner wall of the sealing cover (2) to seal the first discharge port (21). A matching sealing plate (23) is fixedly disposed on the top of the isolation baffle (22). The matching sealing plate (23) cooperates with the outer side of the threshing roller (16) to prevent soybean straw from entering the upper part of the feeding pipe (4) when the squeezing mechanism releases the fixation of soybean straw, and guides soybean straw from the first discharge port (21) into the interior of the miscellaneous material collection box (15).

4. The soybean threshing device according to claim 3, suitable for threshing single plants and multiple plants, is characterized in that: The quantitative mechanism includes a quantitative rotating plate (41) rotatably disposed inside the feeding pipe (4). The quantitative rotating plate (41) is located above the feeding pipe (4) and the second discharge port (40), and is provided with four baffles on its outer side to seal the feeding pipe (4) during rotation, allowing only a certain amount of material to be fed. A feeding motor (13) is fixedly disposed on the outer side of the outer shell (1). The output end of the feeding motor (13) passes through the outer shell (1) and is fixedly connected to the quantitative rotating plate (41).

5. A soybean threshing device suitable for single-plant and multi-plant threshing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drive control module is electrically connected to the drive units of the feeding motor (13), the blower (51) and the telescopic rod (30), respectively. The sensing module includes a plant detection sensor set inside the feed inlet (20) to detect the feeding status of soybean plants at the feed inlet and transmit the signal to the main control module. The main control module controls the telescopic rod (30) of the extrusion fixing mechanism (3) to extend and retract according to the plant detection signal, so as to realize the automatic clamping and fixing of soybean plants by the extrusion plate (33).

6. A soybean threshing device suitable for single-plant and multi-plant threshing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The intelligent control system also includes a cleaning control module. The sensing module also includes a grain flow sensor installed inside the feeding pipe (4). The grain flow sensor is electrically connected to the main control module and is used to detect the falling flow of soybean grains in the feeding pipe in real time. The cleaning control module is electrically connected to the blower (51). The main control module adjusts the blowing power of the blower (51) through the cleaning control module according to the flow data collected by the grain flow sensor, and at the same time controls the rotation speed of the feeding motor (13) so that the rotation speed of the quantitative rotating plate (41) matches the grain flow, ensuring efficient separation of dust, broken leaves and soybean grains.

7. A soybean threshing device suitable for single-plant and multi-plant threshing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The intelligent control system also includes a status monitoring and alarm module. The sensing module also includes a temperature sensor and a vibration sensor installed inside the outer shell (1), and a material level sensor installed inside the receiving box (10) and the waste collection box (15). Each sensor is electrically connected to the main control module. The temperature sensor is used to detect the working temperature of the drive motor (11) and the feeding motor (13). The vibration sensor is used to detect the running vibration amplitude of the threshing roller (16). The material level sensor is used to detect the filling height of the material in the collection box. When the main control module determines that the detection data exceeds the preset safety threshold, the alarm module issues an audible and visual alarm signal. At the same time, the main control module controls the corresponding execution component to reduce the load or stop the machine.

8. A soybean threshing device suitable for single-plant and multi-plant threshing according to claim 7, characterized in that: The intelligent control system also includes a human-machine interaction module and a wireless communication module. The human-machine interaction module is located on the outside of the sealing cover (2) and includes a touch screen and control buttons for selecting threshing mode, setting parameters, and displaying operating status. The wireless communication module is electrically connected to the main control module and uses Bluetooth or WiFi communication protocols. It can upload operating data such as rotation speed, pressure, flow rate, and temperature during the threshing process to a mobile terminal or host computer in real time. It also supports remote reception of control commands to realize remote start-up and shutdown of the device and parameter adjustment.

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