Plunger pump power assembly for high rotating speed
By designing a distribution plate, cylinder block, and plunger structure in the plunger pump power assembly, increasing the flow guide holes and damping holes, and setting up a slipper-supported oil chamber, the problems of difficult oil suction and severe wear at high speeds were solved, achieving smooth oil suction and reduced wear.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511944727.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-13
AI Technical Summary
Existing high-speed axial piston pumps experience cavitation during the oil suction process, leading to difficulty in oil suction, large pressure shocks during oil discharge, and severe wear on the slippers and return disc, thus affecting their service life.
The plunger pump power assembly is designed with a distribution plate guide hole, a distribution plate check valve passage and a damping hole passage, and the cylinder block sleeve hole and damping hole passage are added. A plunger spring fixing plate and a plunger valve core are set, and the slipper guide hole and return plate support oil chamber are provided to achieve smooth oil suction and reduce wear through oil flow.
This technology enables smooth oil intake and minimal impact oil discharge of the plunger pump at high speeds, reducing wear on the slippers and return plate and extending service life.
Smart Images
Figure CN121520157A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fluid power and mechanical engineering structure, in particular to a plunger pump power assembly for high rotation speed. BACKGROUND
[0002] The swash plate type axial plunger pump is a power element in a hydraulic transmission system, and is widely used in high-end equipment such as aerospace and marine vessels. The development trend of hydraulic elements in high-end equipment is to develop electrification and digitization, and the requirement for the axial plunger pump is to increase the rotation speed and maximize the power density of the motor.
[0003] For the axial plunger pump with large displacement, the problem after increasing the rotation speed is that the cavitation phenomenon in the pump is prominent, which leads to difficult or even impossible oil suction; due to more frequent pressure changes and pressure impact caused by cavitation, and the dry friction or mixed friction state between the sliding shoe and the return disc under high rotation speed, the wear is aggravated and the service life is reduced.
[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to research a plunger pump power assembly that can improve the oil suction efficiency of the plunger pump, increase the oil supply flow, reduce the pressure impact, and reduce the wear between the sliding shoe and the return disc. SUMMARY
[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present application provides a plunger pump power assembly for high rotation speed, which solves the problems of difficult oil suction, cavitation, large impact during oil discharge and serious wear between the return disc and the sliding shoe during oil suction of the plunger pump in the prior art under ultra-high rotation speed, and realizes low wear between the sliding shoe and the return disc of the plunger pump under ultra-high rotation speed, and realizes smooth oil suction and small impact oil discharge.
[0006] Specifically, the application provides a plunger pump power assembly for high rotation speed, which comprises a distribution disc, a cylinder, a plunger, a spring fixing plate, a plunger valve core, a return disc, a sliding shoe and a swing disc, the distribution disc is arranged at the first end of the cylinder, the second end of the cylinder is provided with a ball bowl, a plurality of stepped plunger channels are arranged along the central axis of the cylinder in the circumferential direction of the cylinder, and a cylinder distribution port, a plunger hole and a sleeve hole are sequentially arranged on each plunger channel, a fixed sleeve and a floating sleeve are arranged in the sleeve hole, the fixed sleeve is fixedly arranged at the first end of the sleeve hole, and the floating sleeve is slidingly arranged at the middle of the sleeve hole; the plunger is arranged in the plunger channel of the cylinder, the first end and the middle of the plunger are supported on the fixed sleeve and the floating sleeve respectively, and the second end of the plunger is arranged in the plunger hole, so that the plunger and the plunger hole form a plunger cavity, and the plunger, the sleeve hole, the fixed sleeve and the floating sleeve form a first cylinder oil supplement cavity and a second cylinder oil supplement cavity, the volumes of the first cylinder oil supplement cavity and the second cylinder oil supplement cavity change with the movement of the floating sleeve in the sleeve hole; the spring fixing plate is arranged at the middle of the plunger cylindrical hole on the plunger, the plunger valve core is arranged at the first end of the plunger cylindrical hole on the plunger and close to the plunger head on the plunger, a plunger spring is arranged between the plunger valve core and the spring fixing plate, the conical surface of the plunger valve core is tightly attached to the shaft shoulder of the plunger cylindrical hole on the plunger and the plunger head flow guide hole with different diameters under the elastic force of the plunger spring, and the plunger valve core and the spring fixing plate sequentially divide all the cavities in the plunger into a plunger head flow guide cavity, a plunger oil supplement cavity and a spring installation cavity; the return disc is arranged outside the ball bowl, the sliding shoe is connected with the plunger head ball pair on the plunger, and the sliding shoe is arranged on the return disc, and the swing disc is connected with the ball bowl ball pair, and the swing disc is arranged on the sliding shoe.
[0007] Further, when the plunger pump power assembly is in high rotation speed and in oil suction working condition, the plunger cavity is in oil suction state to generate negative pressure, the oil enters the plunger cavity through the plunger guide groove on the plunger through the second cylinder oil supplement cavity, with the oil in the second cylinder oil supplement cavity being sucked into the plunger cavity, the volume of the second cylinder oil supplement cavity decreases, the floating sleeve moves towards the plunger hole, the external oil enters the first cylinder oil supplement cavity through the cylinder one-way valve and the cylinder one-way valve channel on the cylinder, the volume of the first cylinder oil supplement cavity increases, and the volumes of the second cylinder oil supplement cavity and the first cylinder oil supplement cavity compensate each other; at the same time, the pressure generated by the oil pressure difference acting on the plunger valve core overcomes the elastic force of the plunger spring, so that the plunger valve core moves away from the plunger head, the plunger head flow guide cavity on the plunger and the plunger oil supplement cavity are connected, the external oil enters the plunger head flow guide cavity through the plunger oil supplement hole, then enters the plunger oil supplement cavity, enters the spring installation cavity through the valve core oil supplement hole on the plunger valve core, and then enters the plunger cavity through the fixed plate guide groove on the spring fixing plate to complete the oil supplement in the oil suction state.
[0008] Further, when the plunger pump power assembly is in high speed operation and in oil discharge condition, the plunger cavity is in oil discharge state to form high pressure, and the high pressure oil enters the second cylinder body oil supplement cavity through the plunger guide groove on the plunger. As the high pressure oil in the plunger cavity enters the second cylinder body oil supplement cavity, the volume of the second cylinder body oil supplement cavity increases, and the floating sleeve moves towards the fixed sleeve. At this time, the volume of the first cylinder body oil supplement cavity decreases, and the oil in the first cylinder body oil supplement cavity flows out through the cylinder damping hole channel and the cylinder damping screw to enter the external oil. The cylinder damping hole channel and the cylinder damping screw can play an anti-impact role. At the same time, the high pressure oil enters the ball head guide cavity on the plunger through the valve core guide hole on the plunger valve core, and then enters the oil chamber of the sliding shoe. The high pressure oil enters the spring mounting cavity through the fixed plate guide groove on the spring fixing plate. Under the action of oil pressure difference and plunger spring force, the tapered surface of the plunger valve core abuts against the shaft shoulder of different diameters of the ball head guide hole and the plunger cylindrical hole, so that the ball head guide cavity and the plunger oil supplement cavity are isolated. Because the plunger one-way valve is installed in the plunger oil supplement hole, the high pressure oil cannot enter the outside through the plunger oil supplement hole.
[0009] Further, the first end surface of the distribution disc is symmetrically provided with a distribution disc guide hole, and the distribution disc guide hole is located at the middle position of the triangular damping groove of the distribution port on the distribution disc. The distribution disc is provided with a coaxial distribution disc one-way valve channel and a distribution disc damping hole channel in the radial direction. The distribution disc guide hole is in communication with the first end of the distribution disc one-way valve channel and the first end of the distribution disc damping hole channel, respectively. The second end of the distribution disc one-way valve channel is provided with a distribution disc one-way valve, and the second end of the distribution disc damping hole channel is provided with a distribution disc damping screw. When the cylinder distribution port on the cylinder passes through the distribution disc guide hole, because the plunger pump power assembly is in oil suction state, the distribution disc guide hole sucks oil from the outside through the distribution disc one-way valve channel and the distribution disc one-way valve to supplement the oil. The oil enters the distribution disc guide hole through the distribution disc one-way valve channel and the distribution disc one-way valve to supplement the oil in the plunger cavity under high speed condition. When the cylinder distribution port on the cylinder passes through the distribution disc guide hole, because the plunger pump power assembly is in oil discharge state, the oil is discharged to the outside through the distribution disc damping hole channel and the distribution disc damping screw to reduce the impact.
[0010] Specifically, the sleeve hole of the cylinder is provided with a cylinder one-way valve channel and a cylinder damping hole channel, and the cylinder one-way valve channel is provided with a cylinder one-way valve, and the cylinder damping hole channel is provided with a cylinder damping screw. The cylinder one-way valve channel and the cylinder damping hole channel are in communication with the first cylinder oil supplement cavity.
[0011] Specific, the outer side of the first end of the plunger is uniformly provided with a plurality of plunger flow guide grooves, and the plunger flow guide grooves are in communication with the plunger cavity and the second cylinder body oil supplement cavity, the inner side of the first end of the plunger is provided with a plunger cylindrical hole along the central axis thereof, a plurality of plunger oil supplement holes are uniformly arranged on one end of the plunger close to the plunger ball head and penetrating the plunger and the plunger cylindrical hole, and the first end of the plunger oil supplement hole is provided with a plunger one-way valve, the second end of the plunger is provided with a plunger ball head, and the plunger ball head is provided with a ball head flow guide hole penetrating the plunger ball head and the plunger cylindrical hole.
[0012] Specific, the middle of the spring fixing plate is provided with a fixing plate guide hole, and the outer side of the spring fixing plate is uniformly provided with a plurality of fixing plate flow guide grooves.
[0013] Specific, the middle of the plunger spool is provided with a spool flow guide hole penetrating the plunger spool, and a plurality of spool oil supplement holes are uniformly arranged on the tapered surface of the plunger spool.
[0014] Further, the first end surface of the sliding shoe is provided with a swash plate support oil chamber, and the second end surface of the sliding shoe is provided with a return disc support oil chamber, a plurality of sliding shoe flow guide holes are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the sliding shoe and communicate the swash plate support oil chamber and the return disc support oil chamber, and the sliding shoe flow guide hole is provided with a sliding shoe damping screw; when the sliding shoe and the plunger are in the oil suction working condition, the plunger cavity is in the oil suction state to generate negative pressure, the sliding shoe and the plunger generate movement relative to the pull-out cylinder body direction, and the return disc supports between the sliding shoe and the return disc through the high-pressure oil liquid in the return disc support oil chamber; when the sliding shoe and the plunger are in the oil discharge working condition, the high-pressure oil liquid enters the ball head flow guide cavity on the plunger through the spool flow guide hole on the plunger spool and then enters the swash plate support oil chamber on the sliding shoe, at this time, the high-pressure oil liquid in the swash plate support oil chamber provides a supporting action between the sliding shoe and the swash plate.
[0015] Specific, the first end surface of the sliding shoe is in contact with the swash plate, and the second end surface of the sliding shoe is in contact with the return disc.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: 1、The plunger pump power assembly for high rotation speed provided by the present application is provided with a flow distribution disc flow guide hole, a flow distribution disc one-way valve channel and a flow distribution disc damping hole channel on a conventional flow distribution disc, in the movement process of the plunger pump, if the cylinder body flow distribution port is in the oil suction state when passing through the flow distribution disc flow guide hole, oil liquid is sucked from the outside through the flow distribution disc flow guide hole to supplement the oil liquid, and if the cylinder body flow distribution port is in the oil discharge state when passing through the flow distribution disc flow guide hole, oil liquid is discharged to the outside through the flow distribution disc damping hole channel to reduce the impact.
[0017] 2. The power assembly for high-speed plunger pump provided by the application has a sleeve hole, a cylinder damping hole channel and a cylinder one-way valve channel arranged on a cylinder body, and when a plunger is arranged in the cylinder body, the plunger and the plunger hole form a plunger cavity, the plunger, the sleeve hole, a fixed sleeve and a floating sleeve form a first cylinder oil supplement cavity and a second cylinder oil supplement cavity, and the volumes of the first and second cylinder oil supplement cavities can compensate each other, so that the plunger pump can smoothly suck and discharge oil at high speed.
[0018] 3. The power assembly for high-speed plunger pump provided by the application has a spring fixing plate, a plunger spring and a plunger valve core added to the plunger structure, the plunger valve core and the spring fixing plate sequentially divide all cavities in the plunger into a ball head flow guide cavity, a plunger oil supplement cavity and a spring mounting cavity, and through the oil flowing through different cavities, the plunger pump can smoothly suck and discharge oil at high speed.
[0019] 4. The power assembly for high-speed plunger pump provided by the application has a sliding shoe flow guide hole and a return disc support oil chamber added to the sliding shoe structure, and when the plunger pump is in an oil suction condition, the oil flowing into the return disc support oil chamber supports the sliding shoe and the return disc, thereby reducing the wear between the sliding shoe and the return disc, and when the plunger pump is in an oil discharge condition, the oil flowing into the swash plate support oil chamber supports the sliding shoe and the swash plate, thereby reducing the wear between the sliding shoe and the swash plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0020] Figure 1 It is a half sectional view of the overall structure of the high-speed plunger pump power assembly of the application; Figure 2 It is a front view of the overall structure of the high-speed plunger pump power assembly of the application; Figure 3 It is a schematic view of the overall structure of the high-speed plunger pump power assembly of the application; Figure 4 It is a front view of the distribution plate of the high-speed plunger pump power assembly of the application; Figure 5 It is a front view of the distribution plate of the high-speed plunger pump power assembly of the application; Figure 4 It is an axial sectional view of the structure of the distribution plate A-A of the high-speed plunger pump power assembly of the application; Figure 6 It is a schematic view of the distribution plate structure of the high-speed plunger pump power assembly of the application; Figure 7 It is a half sectional view of the cylinder body structure of the high-speed plunger pump power assembly of the application; Figure 8 It is a front view of the cylinder body of the high-speed plunger pump power assembly of the application; Figure 9 It is a schematic view of the overall structure of the cylinder body of the high-speed plunger pump power assembly of the application; Figure 10A sectional view of a plunger of a high-speed plunger pump power assembly of the present application; Figure 11 A sectional view of a plunger sub-assembly of a high-speed plunger pump power assembly of the present application; Figure 12 A structural diagram of a plunger of a high-speed plunger pump power assembly of the present application; Figure 13 A structural diagram of a spring fixing plate of a high-speed plunger pump power assembly of the present application; Figure 14 A sectional view of a plunger spool structure of a high-speed plunger pump power assembly of the present application; Figure 15 A structural diagram of a plunger spool structure of a high-speed plunger pump power assembly of the present application; Figure 16 A sectional view of a shoe structure of a high-speed plunger pump power assembly of the present application; Figure 17 A structural diagram of a shoe structure of a high-speed plunger pump power assembly of the present application.
[0021] Main reference signs: 1, a distribution plate; 101, a distribution plate flow guide hole; 102, a distribution plate one-way valve passage; 103, a distribution plate damping hole passage; 2, a distribution plate damping screw; 3, a distribution plate one-way valve; 4, a cylinder body; 400, a cylinder body distribution port; 401, a plunger hole; 402, a sleeve hole; 403, a cylinder body damping hole passage; 404, a cylinder body one-way valve passage; 405, a plunger cavity; 406, a second cylinder body oil supplement cavity; 407, a first cylinder body oil supplement cavity; 5, a plunger; 500, a plunger ball head; 501, a plunger flow guide groove; 502, a plunger cylindrical hole; 503, a plunger oil supplement hole; 504, a ball head flow guide hole; 505, a ball head flow guide cavity; 506, a plunger oil supplement cavity; 507, a spring mounting cavity; 6, a floating sleeve; 7, a cylinder body damping screw; 8, a cylinder body one-way valve; 9, a fixed sleeve; 10, a spring fixing plate; 1001, a fixing plate guide hole; 1002, a fixing plate flow guide groove; 11, a plunger spring; 12, a plunger spool; 1201, a spool oil supplement hole; 1202, a spool flow guide hole; 13, a return plate; 14, a shoe; 1401, a swash plate support oil chamber; 1402, a shoe flow guide hole; 1403, a return plate support oil chamber; 15, a plunger one-way valve; 16, a swing plate; 17, a shoe damping screw; 18, a ball bowl. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0023] A plunger pump power assembly for high speed rotation according to the present application, as shown in Figures 1-3As shown, it includes a distribution plate 1, a cylinder block 4, a plunger 5, a spring fixing plate 10, a plunger valve core 12, a return plate 13, a slipper 14, and a swing plate 16.
[0024] like Figures 4-6 As shown, the distribution plate 1 is located at the first end of the cylinder block 4. The first end face of the distribution plate 1 is symmetrically provided with a distribution plate guide hole 101, and the distribution plate guide hole 101 is located at the middle position of the triangular damping groove of the distribution port on the distribution plate 1. The distribution plate 1 is provided with a coaxial distribution plate one-way valve channel 102 and a distribution plate damping hole channel 103 along the radial direction. The distribution plate guide hole 101 is connected to the first end of the distribution plate one-way valve channel 102 and the first end of the distribution plate damping hole channel 103, respectively. The second end of the distribution plate one-way valve channel 102 is provided with a distribution plate one-way valve 3, and the second end of the distribution plate damping hole channel 103 is provided with a distribution plate damping screw 2.
[0025] Specifically, during the operation of the plunger pump, when the cylinder block distribution port 400 on the cylinder block 4 passes through the distribution plate guide hole 101, since the plunger pump power assembly is in the oil suction state, the distribution plate guide hole 101 draws in oil from the outside through the distribution plate one-way valve channel 102 and the distribution plate one-way valve 3 to replenish the oil. The oil enters the distribution plate guide hole 101 through the distribution plate one-way valve channel 102 and the distribution plate one-way valve 3 to replenish the plunger chamber 405 under high speed conditions. When the cylinder block distribution port 400 on the cylinder block 4 passes through the distribution plate guide hole 101, since the plunger pump power assembly is in the oil discharge state, the oil is discharged to the outside through the distribution plate damping hole channel 103 and the distribution plate damping screw 2 to reduce impact.
[0026] like Figure 1 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the second end of the cylinder body 4 is provided with a ball cup 18. Multiple stepped plunger channels are evenly distributed along the central axis of the cylinder body 4 in the circumferential direction. Each plunger channel is provided with a cylinder body distribution port 400, a plunger hole 401 and a sleeve hole 402 in sequence. The plunger hole 401 is used to assemble with the plunger 5. The sleeve hole 402 is used to assemble with the fixed sleeve 9 and the floating sleeve 6 coaxially. The fixed sleeve 9 and the floating sleeve 6 are provided in the sleeve hole 402. The fixed sleeve 9 is fixedly located at the first end of the sleeve hole 402. The fixed sleeve 9 and the sleeve hole 402 are interference fit. The fixed sleeve 9 and the plunger 5 are clearance fit, which ensures that the fixed sleeve 9 remains fixed relative to the cylinder body 4 and the plunger 5 can reciprocate within the fixed sleeve 9. The floating sleeve 6 is slidably located in the middle of the sleeve hole 402. The floating sleeve 6 is clearance fit with both the cylinder body 4 and the plunger 5. The floating sleeve 6 is located between the shoulders formed by the fixed sleeve 9 and the cylinder body hole with different diameters.
[0027] Specifically, the sleeve hole 402 of the cylinder body 4 is provided with a cylinder body one-way valve channel 404 and a cylinder body damping hole channel 403, and the cylinder body one-way valve channel 404 is provided with a cylinder body one-way valve 8, and the cylinder body damping hole channel 403 is provided with a cylinder body damping screw 7, and the cylinder body one-way valve channel 404 and the cylinder body damping hole channel 403 are both in communication with the first cylinder body oil supplement cavity 407.
[0028] As shown in Figure 1 、 Figure 10 、 Figure 11 and Figure 12 , the plunger 5 is arranged in the plunger channel of the cylinder body 4, the first end and the middle of the plunger 5 are respectively supported on the fixed sleeve 9 and the floating sleeve 6, and the second end of the plunger 5 is arranged in the plunger hole 401, the diameter of the plunger hole 401 is the same as the outer diameter of the plunger 5, at this time the plunger 5 and the plunger hole 401 form the plunger cavity 405, during the working process of the plunger pump, the plunger 5 can reciprocate in the plunger hole 401, so as to change the size of the plunger cavity 405 and complete the oil suction and discharge process of the plunger pump. The plunger 5, the sleeve hole 402, the fixed sleeve 9 and the floating sleeve 6 form the first cylinder body oil supplement cavity 407 and the second cylinder body oil supplement cavity 406, with the movement of the floating sleeve 6 in the sleeve hole 402, the volume of the first cylinder body oil supplement cavity 407 and the second cylinder body oil supplement cavity 406 changes accordingly, the spring fixing plate 10 is arranged at the middle of the plunger cylindrical hole 502 on the plunger 5, the plunger valve core 12 is arranged at the first end of the plunger cylindrical hole 502 on the plunger 5 and close to the plunger ball head 500 on the plunger 5, and the plunger valve core 12 and the spring fixing plate 10 are provided with the plunger spring 11, under the elastic force of the plunger spring 11, the conical surface of the plunger valve core 12 is tightly attached to the shaft shoulder of the plunger cylindrical hole 502 and the ball head flow guide hole 505 with different diameters, and the plunger valve core 12 and the spring fixing plate 10 divide the entire cavity inside the plunger 5 into the ball head flow guide cavity 505, the plunger oil supplement cavity 506 and the spring mounting cavity 507 in sequence.
[0029] Specifically, when the plunger pump power assembly is in high-speed operation and in the oil suction state, the plunger cavity 405 is in the oil suction state to generate negative pressure, the oil enters the plunger cavity 405 through the second cylinder body oil supplement cavity 406 and the plunger flow guide groove 501 on the plunger 5, as the oil in the second cylinder body oil supplement cavity 406 is sucked into the plunger cavity 405, the volume of the second cylinder body oil supplement cavity 406 decreases, the floating sleeve 6 moves towards the plunger hole 401, the external oil enters the first cylinder body oil supplement cavity 407 through the cylinder one-way valve 8 and the cylinder one-way valve passage 404 on the cylinder 4, at this time, the volume of the first cylinder body oil supplement cavity 407 increases, the volumes of the second cylinder body oil supplement cavity 406 and the first cylinder body oil supplement cavity 407 compensate each other. When the plunger pump power assembly is in high-speed operation and in the oil discharge state, the plunger cavity 405 is in the oil discharge state to form high pressure, the high-pressure oil enters the second cylinder body oil supplement cavity 406 from the plunger cavity 405 through the plunger flow guide groove 501 on the plunger 5, as the high-pressure oil in the plunger cavity 405 enters the second cylinder body oil supplement cavity 406, the volume of the second cylinder body oil supplement cavity 406 increases, the floating sleeve 6 moves towards the fixed sleeve 9, at this time, the volume of the first cylinder body oil supplement cavity 407 decreases, the oil in the first cylinder body oil supplement cavity 407 flows out into the external oil through the cylinder damping hole passage 403 and the cylinder damping screw 7 of the cylinder 4, and the cylinder damping hole passage 403 and the cylinder damping screw 7 can play an anti-impact role.
[0030] Specifically, when the plunger pump is working, if the plunger is in the oil suction state, the pressure of the plunger cavity 405 is negative, the pressure difference of the oil acting on the plunger spool 12 overcomes the elastic force of the plunger spring 11, so that the plunger spool 12 moves away from the plunger ball head 500, at this time, the ball head flow guide cavity 505 on the plunger 5 and the plunger oil supplement cavity 506 are connected, the external oil enters the ball head flow guide cavity 505 through the plunger oil supplement hole 503, and then enters the plunger oil supplement cavity 506, enters the spring mounting cavity 507 through the spool oil supplement hole 1201 on the plunger spool 12, and then enters the plunger cavity 405 through the fixed plate flow guide groove 1002 on the spring fixing plate 10 to complete the oil supplement in the oil suction state. When the plunger pump is working, if the plunger is in the oil discharge state, the high-pressure oil enters the ball head flow guide cavity 505 on the plunger 5 through the spool flow guide hole 1201 on the plunger spool 12, and then enters the oil chamber of the sliding shoe 14, the high-pressure oil enters the spring mounting cavity 507 through the fixed plate flow guide groove 1002 on the spring fixing plate 10, and the tapered surface of the plunger spool 12 is tightly attached to the shaft shoulder of the ball head flow guide hole 504 and the plunger cylindrical hole 502 with different diameters on the plunger 5 under the action of the oil pressure difference and the elastic force of the plunger spring 11, so that the ball head flow guide cavity 505 and the plunger oil supplement cavity 506 cannot be connected, and the high-pressure oil cannot enter the external environment through the plunger oil supplement hole 503 because the plunger one-way valve 15 is installed in the plunger oil supplement hole 503.
[0031] As Figures 10-12As shown, the plunger 5 body part is cylindrical, the outer side of the first end of the plunger 5 is uniformly provided with a plurality of plunger flow guide grooves 501, and the plunger flow guide grooves 501 are in communication with the plunger cavity 405 and the second cylinder body oil supplement cavity 406. The inner side of the first end of the plunger 5 is provided with a plunger cylindrical hole 502 along the central axis thereof, for reducing the mass of the plunger 5, realizing the static pressure support of the shoe 14 and the assembly of the new structure. The plunger 5 is uniformly provided with a plurality of plunger oil supplement holes 503 penetrating the plunger 5 and the plunger cylindrical hole 502 near one end of the plunger ball head 500, and the first end of the plunger oil supplement hole 503 is provided with a plunger one-way valve 15. The second end of the plunger 5 is provided with a plunger ball head 500, which is spherical, and the plunger ball head 500 is provided with a ball head flow guide hole 504 penetrating the plunger ball head 500 and the plunger cylindrical hole 502.
[0032] As shown in Figure 13 , the middle of the spring fixing plate 10 is provided with a fixing plate guide hole 1001, and the outer side of the spring fixing plate 10 is uniformly provided with a plurality of fixing plate flow guide grooves 1002.
[0033] As shown in Figure 14 and Figure 15 , the middle of the plunger spool 12 is provided with a spool flow guide hole 1202 penetrating the plunger spool, for high-pressure oil flow communication of part of the shoe 14 static pressure support, and the conical surface of the plunger spool 12 is uniformly provided with a plurality of spool oil supplement holes 1201, for connecting the plunger oil supplement cavity 506 and the spring mounting cavity 507 during oil supplement.
[0034] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 16 and Figure 17 , the return disc 13 is arranged on the outer side of the ball bowl 18, the shoe 14 is connected with the plunger ball head 500 on the plunger 5, and the shoe 14 is arranged on the return disc 13. The swing disc 16 is connected with the ball bowl 18 in a ball pair, and the swing disc 16 is arranged on the shoe 14. The first end surface of the shoe 14 is in contact with the swing disc 16, the first end surface of the shoe 14 is provided with a swash plate support oil chamber 1401, and the second end surface of the shoe 14 is in contact with the return disc 13. The second end surface of the shoe 14 is provided with a return disc support oil chamber 1403, the circumferential direction of the shoe 14 is uniformly provided with a plurality of shoe flow guide holes 1402 connecting the swash plate support oil chamber 1401 and the return disc support oil chamber 1403, and the shoe flow guide hole 1402 is provided with a shoe damping screw 17.
[0035] Specifically, when the sliding shoe 14 and the plunger 5 are in the oil suction condition, the plunger cavity 405 is in the oil suction state to generate negative pressure, the sliding shoe 14 and the plunger 5 generate movement relative to the pulling-out cylinder body 4, and the return disc 13 is supported by the high-pressure oil liquid in the return disc supporting oil chamber 1403 between the sliding shoe 14; when the sliding shoe 14 and the plunger 5 are in the oil discharge condition, the high-pressure oil liquid enters the ball head flow guide cavity 505 on the plunger 5 from the plunger cavity 405 through the valve core flow guide hole 1201 on the plunger valve core 12, and then enters the swash plate supporting oil chamber 1401 on the sliding shoe 14, at this time, the high-pressure oil liquid in the swash plate supporting oil chamber 1401 provides a supporting action between the sliding shoe 14 and the swash plate 16.
[0036] As shown in Figures 1-17 The present application provides a plunger pump power assembly for high rotation speed, in actual application, when the plunger pump power assembly is in the working condition of high rotation speed, two conditions of oil suction and oil discharge will appear.
[0037] When the plunger pump power assembly is in high speed operation and in oil suction condition, on the structure of the distribution disc, when the cylinder body distribution port 400 on the cylinder body 4 passes through the distribution disc guide hole 101, because the plunger pump power assembly is in oil suction state, the distribution disc guide hole 101 sucks oil from the outside through the distribution disc one-way valve channel 102 and the distribution disc one-way valve 3 to supplement the oil, and the oil enters the distribution disc guide hole 101 through the distribution disc one-way valve channel 102 and the distribution disc one-way valve 3 to supplement the oil in the plunger cavity 405 under high speed operation. On the structure of the cylinder body, the plunger cavity 405 is in oil suction state to generate negative pressure, and the oil enters the plunger cavity 405 through the second cylinder body oil supplement cavity 406 and the plunger guide groove 501 on the plunger 5, and as the oil in the second cylinder body oil supplement cavity 406 is sucked into the plunger cavity 405, the volume of the second cylinder body oil supplement cavity 406 decreases, the floating sleeve 6 moves towards the plunger hole 401, and the outside oil enters the first cylinder body oil supplement cavity 407 through the cylinder body one-way valve 8 and the cylinder body one-way valve channel 404, and at this time, the volume of the first cylinder body oil supplement cavity 407 increases, and the volumes of the second cylinder body oil supplement cavity 406 and the first cylinder body oil supplement cavity 407 compensate each other. On the structure of the plunger, the pressure in the plunger cavity 405 is negative, the pressure difference of the oil acting on the plunger valve core 12 overcomes the elastic force of the plunger spring 11, so that the plunger valve core 12 moves away from the plunger ball head 500, at this time, the ball head guide cavity 505 on the plunger 5 and the plunger oil supplement cavity 506 are connected, the outside oil enters the ball head guide cavity 505 through the plunger oil supplement hole 503, and then enters the plunger oil supplement cavity 506, and then enters the spring installation cavity 507 through the valve core oil supplement hole 1201 on the plunger valve core 12, and then enters the plunger cavity 405 through the fixed plate guide groove 1002 on the spring fixing plate 10 to complete the oil supplement in the oil suction state. On the structure of the sliding shoe and the distribution disc, when the sliding shoe 14 and the plunger 5 are in oil suction condition, the plunger cavity 405 is in oil suction state to generate negative pressure, the sliding shoe 14 and the plunger 5 move relative to the pulling direction of the cylinder body 4, and the return disc 13 supports the high pressure oil in the return disc support oil chamber 1403 between the sliding shoe 14 and the plunger 5.
[0038] When the plunger pump power assembly is in high speed operation and in the oil discharge condition, on the structure of the valve plate, when the cylinder body flow distribution port 400 on the cylinder body 4 passes through the flow guide hole 101 of the valve plate, since the plunger pump power assembly is in the oil discharge state, the oil is discharged to the outside through the damping hole channel 103 of the valve plate and the damping screw 2 to reduce the impact. On the structure of the cylinder body, the plunger cavity 405 is in the oil discharge state to form high pressure, and the high pressure oil enters the second cylinder body oil supplement cavity 406 through the plunger flow guide groove 501 on the plunger 5. As the high pressure oil in the plunger cavity 405 enters the second cylinder body oil supplement cavity 406, the volume of the second cylinder body oil supplement cavity 406 increases, and the floating sleeve 6 moves towards the fixed sleeve 9. At this time, the volume of the first cylinder body oil supplement cavity 407 decreases, and the oil in the first cylinder body oil supplement cavity 407 flows out into the outside oil through the cylinder body damping hole channel 403 and the cylinder body damping screw 7, which can play a role in resisting impact. On the structure of the plunger, the high pressure oil enters the ball head flow guide cavity 505 on the plunger 5 through the valve core flow guide hole 1201 on the plunger valve core 12, and then enters the oil chamber of the sliding shoe 14. The high pressure oil enters the spring mounting cavity 507 through the fixed plate flow guide groove 1002 on the spring fixing plate 10. Under the action of oil pressure difference and plunger spring 11, the tapered surface of the plunger valve core 12 abuts against the shaft shoulder of the ball head flow guide hole 504 and the plunger cylindrical hole 502 with different diameters on the plunger 5, so that the ball head flow guide cavity 505 and the plunger oil supplement cavity 506 cannot be connected, and since the plunger one-way valve 15 is installed in the plunger oil supplement hole 503, the high pressure oil cannot enter the outside through the plunger oil supplement hole 503. On the structure of the sliding shoe and the valve plate, when the sliding shoe 14 and the plunger 5 are in the oil discharge condition, the high pressure oil enters the ball head flow guide cavity 505 on the plunger 5 through the valve core flow guide hole 1201 on the plunger valve core 12, and then enters the inclined disc support oil chamber 1401 on the sliding shoe 14. At this time, the high pressure oil in the inclined disc support oil chamber 1401 provides support between the sliding shoe 14 and the swing disc 16.
[0039] In summary, through the above structural aspect innovation, the anti-impact flow guide hole is added to the structure of the valve plate, the sleeve hole, the cylinder body damping hole channel, and the cylinder body one-way valve channel are added to the structure of the cylinder body, the spring fixing plate, the plunger spring, and the plunger tapered valve core are added to the structure of the plunger, the sliding shoe flow guide hole and the return disc support oil chamber are added to the structure of the sliding shoe, and the necessary one-way valve and damping screw are installed in some structures, so that the plunger pump can smoothly suck oil, discharge oil with small impact, and reduce the wear between the sliding shoe and the return disc under the condition of ultra-high speed.
[0040] The above described embodiments are only to illustrate the preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Any modification and improvement of the technical solutions of the present application made by those skilled in the art without departing from the design spirit of the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A power assembly for a high-speed piston pump, characterized in that: It includes a distributor plate, cylinder block, plunger, spring retainer plate, plunger valve core, return plate, slipper, and swing plate. The distributor plate is located at the first end of the cylinder body, and the second end of the cylinder body is provided with a ball cup. Multiple stepped plunger channels are evenly distributed along the central axis of the cylinder body in the circumferential direction. Each plunger channel is provided with a cylinder body distributor port, a plunger hole and a sleeve hole in sequence. A fixed sleeve and a floating sleeve are provided in the sleeve hole. The fixed sleeve is fixedly located at the first end of the sleeve hole, and the floating sleeve is slidably located at the middle of the sleeve hole. The plunger is located in the plunger channel of the cylinder block. The first end and the middle of the plunger are supported on the fixed sleeve and the floating sleeve, respectively, and the second end of the plunger is located in the plunger hole. At this time, the plunger and the plunger hole form a plunger cavity. The plunger, the sleeve hole, the fixed sleeve, and the floating sleeve form the first cylinder block oil filling cavity and the second cylinder block oil filling cavity. As the floating sleeve moves in the sleeve hole, the volume of the first cylinder block oil filling cavity and the second cylinder block oil filling cavity changes accordingly. The spring fixing plate is located in the middle of the plunger cylindrical hole on the plunger. The plunger valve core is located at the first end of the plunger cylindrical hole on the plunger and close to the plunger ball head on the plunger. A plunger spring is provided between the plunger valve core and the spring fixing plate. Under the action of the plunger spring, the conical surface of the plunger valve core is in close contact with the shoulders of the plunger cylindrical hole and the ball head guide hole of different diameters on the plunger. The plunger valve core and the spring fixing plate divide all the cavities inside the plunger into the ball head guide cavity, the plunger oil filling cavity, and the spring mounting cavity in sequence. The return plate is located on the outside of the ball cup, the sliding shoe is connected to the plunger ball head on the plunger and the sliding shoe is located on the return plate, the swing plate is connected to the ball cup and the swing plate is located on the sliding shoe.
2. The power assembly for a high-speed piston pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the plunger pump power assembly operates at high speed and is in suction mode, the plunger chamber generates negative pressure due to the suction state. Oil enters the plunger chamber through the plunger guide groove on the plunger via the second cylinder's oil supply chamber. As oil is drawn into the plunger chamber, its volume decreases, and the floating sleeve moves towards the plunger bore. External oil enters the first cylinder's oil supply chamber through the cylinder's one-way valve and its passage, increasing the volume of the first cylinder's oil supply chamber. The volumes of the body oil replenishment chamber and the first cylinder body oil replenishment chamber compensate each other; at the same time, the pressure generated by the hydraulic pressure difference of the oil on the plunger valve core overcomes the elastic force of the plunger spring, causing the plunger valve core to move away from the plunger ball head. At this time, the ball head guide chamber on the plunger and the plunger oil replenishment chamber are connected. External oil enters the ball head guide chamber through the plunger oil replenishment hole and then enters the plunger oil replenishment chamber. It enters the spring mounting chamber through the valve core oil replenishment hole on the plunger valve core and then enters the plunger chamber through the guide groove of the fixing plate on the spring fixing plate to complete the oil replenishment in the oil suction state.
3. The power assembly for a high-speed plunger pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the plunger pump power assembly is operating at high speed and in the oil discharge condition, the plunger chamber is in a state of oil discharge, forming high pressure. The high-pressure oil flows from the plunger chamber through the plunger guide groove on the plunger into the second cylinder block oil supply chamber. As the high-pressure oil from the plunger chamber enters the second cylinder block oil supply chamber, the volume of the second cylinder block oil supply chamber increases. The floating sleeve moves towards the fixed sleeve, while the volume of the first cylinder block oil supply chamber decreases. The oil in the first cylinder block oil supply chamber flows through the cylinder block damping hole channel and the cylinder block damping screw. The oil flowing out into the outside, the cylinder damping hole channel and the cylinder damping screw can play a role in resisting impact; at the same time, the high pressure oil enters the ball head guide cavity on the plunger through the valve core guide hole on the plunger valve core and then enters the oil chamber of the slipper. The high pressure oil enters the spring mounting cavity through the fixed plate guide groove on the spring fixing plate. Under the action of oil pressure difference and plunger spring force, the conical surface of the plunger valve core is close to the ball head guide hole on the plunger and the shoulder of the plunger cylindrical hole with different diameters, so that the ball head guide cavity and the plunger oil replenishment cavity are isolated.
4. The power assembly for a high-speed piston pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first end face of the distribution plate is symmetrically provided with distribution plate guide holes, and the distribution plate guide holes are located at the middle position of the triangular damping groove of the distribution port on the distribution plate. The distribution plate is provided with a coaxial distribution plate check valve channel and a distribution plate damping hole channel along the radial direction. The distribution plate guide holes are respectively connected to the first end of the distribution plate check valve channel and the first end of the distribution plate damping hole channel. The second end of the distribution plate check valve channel is provided with a distribution plate check valve, and the second end of the distribution plate damping hole channel is provided with a distribution plate damping screw. When the cylinder block distribution port on the cylinder block passes through the distribution plate guide hole, since the plunger pump power assembly is in the oil suction state, the distribution plate guide hole draws oil from the outside through the distribution plate check valve channel and the distribution plate check valve to replenish the oil. The oil enters the distribution plate guide hole through the distribution plate check valve channel and the distribution plate check valve to replenish the plunger cavity under high speed conditions.
5. The power assembly for a high-speed plunger pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder block has a cylinder block check valve channel and a cylinder block damping hole channel at the sleeve hole. The cylinder block check valve channel is equipped with a cylinder block check valve, and the cylinder block damping hole channel is equipped with a cylinder block damping screw. Both the cylinder block check valve channel and the cylinder block damping hole channel are connected to the first cylinder block oil replenishment chamber.
6. The power assembly for a high-speed piston pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple plunger guide grooves are evenly distributed on the outer side of the first end of the plunger, and the plunger guide grooves are connected to the plunger cavity and the second cylinder oil filling cavity. A plunger cylindrical hole is provided on the inner side of the first end of the plunger along its central axis. Multiple plunger oil filling holes that penetrate the plunger and the plunger cylindrical hole are evenly distributed on the plunger near the plunger ball head. A plunger check valve is provided at the first end of the plunger oil filling hole. A plunger ball head is provided at the second end of the plunger, and a ball head guide hole that penetrates the plunger ball head and the plunger cylindrical hole is provided on the plunger ball head.
7. The power assembly for a high-speed plunger pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spring fixing plate has a fixing plate guide hole in the middle and multiple fixing plate guide grooves are evenly distributed on the outer side of the spring fixing plate.
8. The power assembly for a high-speed piston pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plunger valve core has a valve core guide hole in the middle that runs through the plunger valve core, and multiple valve core oil replenishment holes are evenly distributed on the conical surface of the plunger valve core.
9. The power assembly for a high-speed piston pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first end face of the slipper is provided with a swashplate support oil chamber, and the second end face of the slipper is provided with a return plate support oil chamber. Multiple slipper guide holes that connect the swashplate support oil chamber and the return plate support oil chamber are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the slipper, and slipper damping screws are provided on the slipper guide holes. When the slipper and plunger are in the oil suction condition, the plunger chamber is in the oil suction state and generates negative pressure. The slipper and plunger move relative to the direction of pulling out the cylinder block. The return plate and slipper are supported by the high-pressure oil in the return plate support oil chamber. When the slipper and plunger are in the oil discharge condition, the high-pressure oil enters the plunger chamber through the valve core guide hole on the plunger valve core, enters the ball head guide chamber on the plunger, and then enters the swashplate support oil chamber on the slipper. At this time, the high-pressure oil in the swashplate support oil chamber provides support between the slipper and the swashplate.
10. The high-speed plunger pump power assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first end face of the skate is in contact with the oscillating plate, and the second end face of the skate is in contact with the return plate.