Charging method, device and apparatus, battery management system, power consuming device and storage medium

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of battery charging, and provides a charging method, a charging device and apparatus, a battery management system, a power utilization device and a storage medium. The charging method comprises the following steps: obtaining a historical discharge depth of a battery; determining a next starting charging time of the battery; determining a predicted discharge depth of the battery between a current time and the starting charging time according to the historical discharge depth and the starting charging time, the predicted discharge depth being obtained by dividing and counting the historical discharge depth based on a calendar week, and the predicted discharge depth being determined according to a required discharge depth corresponding to an occupied time of the current time and the starting charging time in the calendar week; and determining a charging cutoff capacity of the battery according to the predicted discharge depth and a target residual capacity, the charging cutoff capacity being determined according to a numerical comparison result of the predicted discharge depth and the target residual capacity and a full capacity. In this way, the charging cutoff capacity of the battery is dynamically determined in combination with a historical charging habit of a user, and the flexibility of determining the charging cutoff capacity is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery charging technology, and more specifically, to a charging method, device and apparatus, battery management system, power-consuming device and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] With the gradual depletion of non-renewable resources such as oil and the urgent need for environmental protection, the development of the new energy industry has received much attention. One of the key and core technologies of the new energy industry is the battery, and electrical devices using rechargeable batteries as a power source are developing rapidly. Based on this, battery recharge technology is attracting increasing attention.

[0003] Among the parameters used in battery charging, the State of Charge (SOC) is a crucial parameter that affects battery performance and even its lifespan. Therefore, it is necessary to flexibly set the SOC during battery charging.

[0004] However, in related technologies, the battery charging strategy is fixed, and the determination of the charging cutoff SOC lacks flexibility. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, this application provides a charging method, device and apparatus, battery management system, power supply device and storage medium, which can improve the flexibility of determining the charging cutoff capacity.

[0006] Therefore, the first aspect of this application proposes a charging method.

[0007] The second aspect of this application proposes a battery management system.

[0008] A third aspect of this application proposes a charging device.

[0009] The fourth aspect of this application proposes a charging device.

[0010] The fifth aspect of this application proposes an electrical device.

[0011] The sixth aspect of this application proposes a computer-readable storage medium.

[0012] In view of this, the first aspect of this application proposes a charging method, comprising: obtaining the historical depth of discharge of the battery; determining the start time of the next charging cycle of the battery; determining the predicted depth of discharge of the battery between the current time and the start time of charging based on the historical depth of discharge and the start time of charging, wherein the predicted depth of discharge is determined based on the statistical historical depth of discharge divided by calendar weeks and the required depth of discharge corresponding to the time occupied by the current time and the start time of charging in the calendar week; and determining the charging cutoff capacity of the battery based on the predicted depth of discharge and the target remaining capacity, wherein the charging cutoff capacity is determined by comparing the predicted depth of discharge with the target remaining capacity and the full capacity, respectively.

[0013] This application provides a charging method that, during battery charging, acquires the battery's historical depth of discharge and determines the next start time of charging. Based on this, it statistically analyzes historical depth of discharge according to calendar weeks, and then predicts the expected depth of discharge between the current time and the next start time of charging by considering the required depth of discharge corresponding to the time occupied by the current time and the start time of charging within the calendar week. Furthermore, it compares the predicted depth of discharge with the target remaining capacity and the full capacity to determine the charging cutoff capacity for this charge. During battery charging, based on the battery's historical depth of discharge, it predicts the expected depth of discharge until the next charge, and based on this predicted depth of discharge, determines the charging cutoff capacity for this charge. By combining this with the user's historical charging habits, it dynamically determines the battery's charging cutoff capacity, improving the flexibility of determining the charging cutoff capacity.

[0014] In some technical solutions, optionally, the historical depth of discharge of the battery is obtained, including: recording the first charge level of the battery each day during a historical period and the second charge level for each charge; determining the depth of discharge of the battery each day during the historical period based on the first charge level and the second charge level; calculating the first average value and the first standard deviation of the depth of discharge for each calendar day in a calendar week; and calculating the required depth of discharge for each calendar day in a calendar week based on the first average value and the first standard deviation.

[0015] In this technical solution, during the process of acquiring the battery's historical depth of discharge, the first charge level of the battery each day within a historical period is recorded, as well as the second charge level for each charge within that period. Based on these records, the daily depth of discharge within the historical period is determined using the first and second charge levels. The recorded depth of discharge within the historical period is then divided into calendar weeks, and the first average and first standard deviation of the depth of discharge for each calendar day within that week are calculated. Furthermore, based on the first average and first standard deviation for each calendar day within that week, the required depth of discharge for each calendar day is calculated. By recording and managing the daily charge level data and the charge level data for each charge within a historical period, the historical depth of discharge is determined, improving the convenience and accuracy of subsequent battery charging control based on the historical depth of discharge.

[0016] In some technical solutions, optionally, the predicted depth of discharge of the battery between the current time and the start time of charging is determined based on the historical depth of discharge and the start time of charging, including: determining at least one calendar day in the calendar week based on the current time and the start time of charging; and determining the predicted depth of discharge based on the required depth of discharge corresponding to the at least one calendar day.

[0017] In this technical solution, during the determination of the predicted depth of discharge (DPD) of the battery, at least one calendar day is determined from the seven days of a calendar week based on the current time and the battery's next charging start time. Then, the required DPD corresponding to this determined at least one calendar day is obtained from the recorded historical DPD data. Based on the required DPD corresponding to this at least one calendar day, the predicted DPD of the battery between the current time and the next charging start time is determined. In this way, by dividing historical DPD into calendar weeks and statistically analyzing them, the required DPD for each day within a calendar week is determined. Then, based on the required DPD corresponding to the time the current time and the battery's next charging start time occupy within the calendar week, the predicted DPD of the battery before the next charging is predicted, improving the accuracy and reliability of the determined predicted DPD.

[0018] In some technical solutions, optionally, the charging cutoff capacity of the battery is determined based on the predicted depth of discharge and the target remaining capacity, including: determining a second value based on the sum of the predicted depth of discharge and a first value; if the second value is greater than the target remaining capacity and less than the full capacity, the charging cutoff capacity is determined as the second value, and the target remaining capacity is less than the full capacity; if the second value is greater than or equal to the full capacity, the charging cutoff capacity is determined as the full capacity; if the second value is less than or equal to the target remaining capacity, the charging cutoff capacity is determined as the target remaining capacity.

[0019] In this technical solution, during the process of determining the battery's charging cutoff level based on the predicted depth of discharge and the target remaining capacity, a first value is added to the predicted depth of discharge to obtain a second value. This second value is then compared with the preset target remaining capacity and the full capacity. If the second value is greater than the target remaining capacity but less than the full capacity, the second value is set as the charging cutoff level for this charge, where the target remaining capacity is less than the full capacity. If the second value is greater than or equal to the full capacity, the full capacity is set as the charging cutoff level for this charge. If the second value is less than or equal to the target remaining capacity, the target remaining capacity is set as the charging cutoff level for this charge. Thus, by determining the charging cutoff level based on the differences between the predicted depth of discharge before the next charge and the preset target remaining capacity and full capacity, the likelihood of the battery being fully charged is reduced, improving the flexibility and rationality of the charging cutoff level determination, and helping to extend the battery's lifespan.

[0020] In some technical solutions, the charging method may optionally include: obtaining the remaining battery power at the current time; and canceling the charging operation if the second value is less than or equal to the remaining battery power.

[0021] In this technical solution, during the battery charging process, the remaining battery power at the current time is also acquired. If the second value mentioned above is less than or equal to the remaining battery power, it means that the current remaining battery power is sufficient to support the battery until the next charge. In this case, the current charging operation is cancelled, and the battery is not charged. In this way, by not charging the battery when the remaining battery power is still sufficient for subsequent use, the occurrence of the battery being in a high-charge state for a long time is reduced, which helps to extend the battery's lifespan.

[0022] In some technical solutions, the target remaining power may optionally be the charging cutoff power used by the battery with the longest service life after charging the same type of battery under the same charging conditions but different charging cutoff powers.

[0023] In this technical solution, the target remaining capacity is determined based on the relationship between the battery's charging cut-off capacity and its lifespan. Specifically, the target remaining capacity is the charging cut-off capacity used by the battery with the longest lifespan after charging the same type of battery under the same charging conditions but different charging cut-off caps. In other words, under the same charging conditions, the battery's lifespan is greater when the target remaining capacity is used as the charging cut-off capacity than when the battery's lifespan is used with any remaining capacity other than the target remaining capacity. This allows for the selection of the charging cut-off capacity that minimizes damage to the battery's lifespan while meeting its power requirements, thus helping to extend the battery's lifespan.

[0024] In some technical solutions, optionally, determining the start time of the next battery charge includes: determining the start time of charging in response to user input.

[0025] In this technical solution, the process of determining the start time of the next battery charge can be initiated in response to user input, specifically by determining the user-set start time. This allows the user to directly set the start time of the next battery charge, eliminating the need for prediction and improving the accuracy of the determined start time.

[0026] In some technical solutions, optionally, determining the next start time for battery charging includes: if user authorization information is obtained, determining the current time as the same time on the next day as the start time for charging, where the user authorization information indicates that the battery has sufficient charging resources.

[0027] In this technical solution, when determining the start time of the next battery charge, specifically, upon obtaining user authorization information indicating sufficient charging resources for the battery, the current time can be set to the same time the next day as the start time, meaning the battery will be charged at the same time every day. In this way, based on a single user authorization, the start time for each subsequent charge can be determined, improving the accuracy of the determined start time while reducing user intervention.

[0028] In some technical solutions, the charging method may optionally include: recording the charging start time of each charge within a historical period; statistically analyzing the probability distribution of multiple charging start times within the historical period; and determining the next charging start time of the battery, including: in the case that there is at least one charging start time with a probability distribution greater than a preset probability threshold, determining the charging start time based on the current time and at least one charging start time.

[0029] This technical solution also records the charging start time of each charge within a historical period and statistically analyzes the probability distribution of multiple charging start times within that period. Based on this, when determining the start time of the next charge, if at least one of the recorded charging start times has a probability distribution greater than a preset probability threshold, it indicates that the charging start times within the historical period are highly concentrated. In this case, the next charging start time is determined based on the current time and the at least one charging start time with a probability distribution greater than the preset probability threshold. Thus, by predicting the next charging start time based on the most frequently occurring charging start times within a historical period when the charging start times are highly concentrated, the accuracy of the determined charging start time is improved.

[0030] In some technical solutions, optionally, determining the next start time of battery charging includes: in the absence of a charging start time with a probability distribution greater than a preset probability threshold, calculating the interval between every two adjacent charging start times in a historical period to obtain multiple interval durations; calculating the second average and second standard deviation of the multiple interval durations; and determining the start time of charging based on the current time, the second average, and the second standard deviation.

[0031] In this technical solution, when determining the start time of the next battery charge, if none of the recorded start times have a probability greater than a preset probability threshold, it indicates that the battery's start times are discretely distributed over the historical period. In this case, the interval between any two adjacent start times within the historical period is calculated, resulting in multiple interval durations. The second average and second standard deviation of these interval durations are then calculated. Based on the current time, the second average, and the second standard deviation, the start time of the next battery charge is determined. Thus, even with a discrete distribution of start times over the historical period, predicting the start time of the next charge based on the distribution pattern of start times improves the accuracy of the determined start time.

[0032] The second aspect of this application proposes a battery management system, comprising: a control circuit connected to a battery, used to acquire the battery's historical depth of discharge; determine the start time of the next charge cycle; determine the predicted depth of discharge between the current time and the start time of the charge cycle based on the historical depth of discharge and the start time of the charge cycle; determine the charge cutoff charge of the battery based on the predicted depth of discharge and the target remaining charge, wherein the predicted depth of discharge is determined based on the historical depth of discharge divided into calendar weeks and the required depth of discharge corresponding to the time occupied by the current time and the start time of the charge cycle in the calendar week; and the charge cutoff charge is determined based on the comparison results of the predicted depth of discharge with the target remaining charge and the full charge, respectively; and a first communication module connected to the control circuit and a charging device, used to send a charging command to the charging device according to the charge cutoff charge, so as to control the charging device to charge the battery.

[0033] A second aspect of this application provides a battery management system including a control circuit and a first communication module. The control circuit is connected to the battery, and the first communication module is connected to both the control circuit and a charging device. During battery charging, the control circuit acquires the battery's previous historical depth of discharge and determines the next start time of charging. Based on this, the control circuit statistically analyzes the historical depth of discharge according to calendar weeks, and then predicts the predicted depth of discharge that the battery will generate between the current time and the next start time of charging, based on the required depth of discharge corresponding to the time occupied by the current time and the start time of charging within the calendar week. Furthermore, based on the comparison results of the predicted depth of discharge with the target remaining capacity and the full capacity, the charging cutoff capacity of the battery for this charge is determined. The first communication module then sends a charging command to the charging device according to the charging cutoff capacity determined by the control circuit to control the charging device to charge the battery. During battery charging, based on the battery's historical depth of discharge, the predicted depth of discharge before the next charge is predicted. Based on the predicted depth of discharge, the charging cutoff capacity for this charge is determined. Then, the battery charging is controlled based on the charging cutoff capacity. This can be combined with the user's historical charging habits to dynamically determine the charging cutoff capacity, improving the flexibility of determining the charging cutoff capacity and thus improving the flexibility of battery charging control.

[0034] A third aspect of this application proposes a charging device, comprising: a second communication module connected to a battery management system (BMS) for receiving charging instructions from the BMS; wherein the charging instructions are generated by the BMS based on a charging cutoff charge determined by a predicted depth of discharge and a target remaining charge; the predicted depth of discharge is determined by the BMS based on the battery's historical depth of discharge and the battery's next start time of charging, and is calculated based on the historical depth of discharge divided by calendar weeks, and the required depth of discharge corresponding to the time occupied by the current time and the start time of charging within the calendar week; the charging cutoff charge is determined based on comparisons between the predicted depth of discharge and the target remaining charge and the full charge; and a charging circuit connected to the battery and the second communication module for charging the battery in response to the charging instructions until the battery's remaining charge reaches the charging cutoff charge.

[0035] A charging device provided in a third aspect of this application includes a second communication module and a charging circuit. The second communication module is connected to a battery management system (BMS), and the charging circuit is connected to both the battery and the second communication module. During battery charging, the second communication module receives a charging command from the BMS. This charging command is generated by the BMS based on a charging cutoff level determined by the predicted depth of discharge and the target remaining charge. The charging cutoff level is determined by the BMS based on comparisons between the predicted depth of discharge and the target remaining charge and the full charge level. The predicted depth of discharge is determined by the BMS based on the battery's historical depth of discharge and the battery's next charging start time, specifically by the BMS dividing historical depth of discharge into calendar weeks and determining the required depth of discharge based on the time occupied by the current time and the charging start time within the calendar week. Based on this, the charging circuit responds to the charging command and charges the battery until the remaining charge reaches the charging cutoff level, at which point charging stops. During battery charging, the charging cutoff level is controlled based on the battery's historical depth of discharge. This allows for dynamic control of the battery's charging cutoff level, taking into account the user's historical charging habits, thus improving the flexibility of battery charging control.

[0036] The fourth aspect of this application discloses a charging device, comprising: a processing unit for acquiring the historical depth of discharge of a battery; a processing unit further for determining the start time of the next charging cycle of the battery; a processing unit further for determining, based on the historical depth of discharge and the start time, a predicted depth of discharge of the battery between the current time and the start time, wherein the predicted depth of discharge is determined by statistically analyzing the historical depth of discharge based on calendar weeks and the required depth of discharge corresponding to the time occupied by the current time and the start time in the calendar week; and a processing unit further for determining, based on the predicted depth of discharge and the target remaining capacity, a charging cutoff capacity of the battery, wherein the charging cutoff capacity is determined by comparing the predicted depth of discharge with the target remaining capacity and the full capacity, respectively.

[0037] A charging device according to a fourth aspect of this application includes a processing unit. During battery charging, the processing unit acquires the battery's previous historical depth of discharge and determines the next start time of charging. Based on this, the processing unit statistically analyzes the historical depth of discharge according to calendar weeks, and then predicts the predicted depth of discharge that the battery will generate between the current time and the next start time of charging, based on the required depth of discharge corresponding to the time occupied by the current time and the start time of charging within the calendar week. Furthermore, it compares the predicted depth of discharge with the target remaining capacity and the full capacity, respectively, to determine the charging cutoff capacity for this charge. During battery charging, based on the battery's historical depth of discharge, the predicted depth of discharge before the next charge is predicted, and based on the predicted depth of discharge, the charging cutoff capacity for this charge is determined. This dynamically determines the charging cutoff capacity by combining the user's historical charging habits, improving the flexibility of determining the charging cutoff capacity.

[0038] The fifth aspect of this application provides an electrical device comprising: a processor and a memory storing computer program instructions, wherein the processor, when executing the computer program instructions, implements the steps of the charging method described in the first aspect above.

[0039] Therefore, the electrical device proposed in the fifth aspect of this application has all the beneficial effects of the charging method in the first aspect, which will not be described in detail here.

[0040] The sixth aspect of this application proposes a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when executed by a processor, the computer program implements the steps of the charging method of the first aspect described above.

[0041] Therefore, the computer-readable storage medium proposed in the sixth aspect of this application has all the beneficial effects of the charging method of the first aspect described above, which will not be described in detail here.

[0042] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent in the following description or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0043] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle structure in some embodiments of this application;

[0045] Figure 2 Here are exploded views of the battery structure in some embodiments of this application;

[0046] Figure 3 This is one of the flowcharts illustrating the charging method in some embodiments of this application;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a second schematic flowchart of the charging method in some embodiments of this application;

[0048] Figure 5 This is the third schematic flowchart of the charging method in some embodiments of this application;

[0049] Figure 6 This is the fourth flowchart illustrating the charging method in some embodiments of this application;

[0050] Figure 7 This is the fifth of several schematic flowcharts illustrating the charging method in some embodiments of this application;

[0051] Figure 8 This is a sixth schematic flowchart of the charging method in some embodiments of this application;

[0052] Figure 9 This is the seventh flowchart illustrating the charging method in some embodiments of this application;

[0053] Figure 10 This is the eighth flowchart illustrating the charging method in some embodiments of this application;

[0054] Figure 11 This is the ninth of several schematic flowcharts illustrating the charging method in some embodiments of this application;

[0055] Figure 12 This is the tenth schematic flowchart of the charging method in some embodiments of this application;

[0056] Figure 13 This is a structural block diagram of a charging device in some embodiments of this application;

[0057] Figure 14 This is a structural block diagram of an electrical device in some embodiments of this application;

[0058] Figure 15 This is one of the structural block diagrams of the battery management system and charging device in some embodiments of this application;

[0059] Figure 16 This is a second structural block diagram of the battery management system and charging device in some embodiments of this application.

[0060] The correspondence between the reference numerals and the component names is as follows:

[0061] 1 vehicle, 20 controllers, 30 motors;

[0062] 10 batteries, 11 housing, 111 first housing body, 112 second housing body, 12 individual battery cells;

[0063] 700 charging device, 702 processing unit;

[0064] 800 Electrical device, 802 Memory, 804 Processor;

[0065] 1000 Battery Management System, 1002 Control Circuit, 1004 First Communication Module, 900 Charging Device, 902 Second Communication Module, 904 Charging Circuit. Detailed Implementation

[0066] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0067] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this application. However, this application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0068] Currently, new energy batteries are being used more and more widely in daily life and industry. New energy is not only being used in energy storage systems for hydropower, thermal power, wind power, and solar power plants, but also in various fields such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, and electric vehicles. With the continuous expansion of the application areas of power batteries, the market demand for them is also constantly increasing.

[0069] In modern battery technology, electrical devices using rechargeable batteries as a power source are developing rapidly. Consequently, battery cycle charging technology is receiving increasing attention. Among the parameters, the State of Charge (SOC) at the charging cutoff point is a crucial parameter that affects battery performance and even its lifespan. Therefore, it is necessary to flexibly set the SOC during battery charging.

[0070] In related technologies, the following adjustment schemes are used for determining the State of Charge (SOC) at the charging cutoff point: Voltage curve-based adjustment: During charging, the battery voltage exhibits a non-linear relationship with SOC changes; by monitoring the battery's terminal voltage, the charging cutoff point is identified. Current change-based adjustment: During the constant-voltage charging phase, the battery's charging current gradually decreases; when the charging current drops to a certain threshold, the battery is considered fully charged. Temperature change-based adjustment: During charging, the battery temperature rises due to chemical reactions and resistance losses; by monitoring temperature changes, the battery's charging state is determined. Machine learning-based intelligent adjustment: By collecting multi-dimensional data such as battery voltage, current, and temperature, and combining this data with a battery aging model, the charging cutoff point is determined. However, all of the above battery charging strategies are fixed, and the determination of the SOC at the charging cutoff point lacks flexibility.

[0071] Based on the above considerations, to improve the flexibility of determining the charging cutoff level, this application proposes a charging method. During battery charging, the method acquires the battery's historical depth of discharge and determines the next start time of charging. Based on this, historical depth of discharge is statistically analyzed using calendar weeks. Then, based on the required depth of discharge corresponding to the time occupied by the current time and the start time of charging within the calendar week, the predicted depth of discharge that the battery will generate between the current time and the next start time of charging is predicted. Finally, the predicted depth of discharge is compared with the target remaining capacity and the full capacity to determine the charging cutoff level for this charge. In this way, during battery charging, based on the battery's historical depth of discharge, the predicted depth of discharge before the next charge is predicted, and based on the predicted depth of discharge, the charging cutoff level for this charge is determined. This dynamically determines the battery's charging cutoff level by combining the user's historical charging habits, thus improving the flexibility of determining the charging cutoff level.

[0072] The charging method disclosed in this application is used to control battery charging. The battery can be used in electrical devices that use the battery as a power source, or in various energy storage systems that use the battery as an energy storage element. The electrical device can be, but is not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, electric vehicles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc. Electric toys can include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc. Spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.

[0073] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle 1 provided in some embodiments of this application. Vehicle 1 can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc. A battery 10 is installed inside vehicle 1, and the battery 10 can be located at the bottom, front, or rear of vehicle 1. The battery 10 can be used to power vehicle 1; for example, the battery 10 can serve as the operating power source for vehicle 1. Vehicle 1 may also include a controller 20 and a motor 30. The controller 20 is used to control the battery 10 to supply power to the motor 30, for example, to meet the power needs of vehicle 1 during starting, navigation, and driving.

[0074] In some embodiments of this application, the battery 10 can not only serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1, but also as the driving power source for the vehicle 1, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1.

[0075] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the structure of a battery 10 provided in some embodiments of this application. The battery 10 includes a housing 11 and a plurality of battery cells 12, with the battery cells 12 housed within the housing 11. The housing 11 provides assembly space for the battery cells 12, and the housing 11 can adopt various structures. In some embodiments, the housing 11 may include a first housing body 111 and a second housing body 112, which overlap each other, jointly defining an assembly space for accommodating the battery cells 12. The second housing body 112 may be a hollow structure open at one end, and the first housing body 111 may be a plate-like structure, covering the open side of the second housing body 112 so that the first housing body 111 and the second housing body 112 jointly define the assembly space; alternatively, the first housing body 111 and the second housing body 112 may both be hollow structures open on one side, with the open side of the first housing body 111 covering the open side of the second housing body 112. Of course, the box 11 formed by the first box body 111 and the second box body 112 can be of various shapes, such as cylinder, cuboid, etc.

[0076] In battery 10, multiple battery cells 12 can be connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed configuration. A mixed configuration means that multiple battery cells 12 are connected in both series and parallel configurations. Multiple battery cells 12 can be directly connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed configuration, and then the entire assembly of the multiple battery cells 12 is housed within the housing 11. Alternatively, battery 10 can also consist of multiple battery cells 12 first connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed configuration to form a battery module, and then these battery modules are connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed configuration to form a whole, which is then housed within the housing 11. Battery 10 may also include other structures; for example, battery 10 may also include a busbar component for electrical connection between multiple battery cells 12.

[0077] In this embodiment, battery 10 can be a rechargeable battery, meaning a battery 10 that can be recharged after discharge to activate its active materials and continue to be used. Battery 10 can be a lithium-ion battery, sodium-ion battery, sodium-lithium-ion battery, lithium metal battery, nano-metal battery, lithium-sulfur battery, magnesium-ion battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, nickel-cadmium battery, lead-acid battery, etc., and this embodiment is not limited to these types. Battery 10 can be cylindrical, flat, cuboid, or other shapes, and this embodiment is not limited to these shapes either. Battery 10 is generally classified into three types according to its packaging method: cylindrical battery, square battery, and pouch battery, and this embodiment is not limited to these types either.

[0078] The following reference Figures 3 to 16 This application describes a charging method, a charging device 700, an electrical device 800, a charging equipment 900, and a battery management system 1000 according to some embodiments of the present application. Figure 3 This is one of the schematic flowcharts of a charging method provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a second schematic flowchart of a charging method provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is the third schematic flowchart of a charging method provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is the fourth of the flowcharts illustrating the charging method provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 7 This is the fifth of several schematic flowcharts illustrating the charging method provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 8 This is a sixth schematic flowchart of a charging method provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 9 This is the seventh of several schematic flowcharts illustrating the charging method provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 10 This is the eighth of several schematic flowcharts illustrating the charging method provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 11 This is the ninth of several schematic flowcharts illustrating the charging method provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 12 This is the tenth schematic flowchart of a charging method provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 13 This is a structural block diagram of a charging device 700 provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 14 This is a structural block diagram of an electrical device 800 provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 15 This is one of the structural block diagrams of the battery management system 1000 and charging device 900 provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 16 This is a second structural block diagram of the battery management system 1000 and charging device 900 provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0079] like Figure 3 As shown, some embodiments of this application provide a charging method, including the following steps S402 to S408:

[0080] S402, obtain the historical depth of discharge of the battery;

[0081] S404, determines the start time of the next battery charging cycle;

[0082] S406, Based on historical depth of discharge and start charging time, determine the predicted depth of discharge of the battery between the current time and the start charging time;

[0083] S408 determines the battery charging cutoff level based on the predicted depth of discharge and the target remaining charge.

[0084] The predicted discharge depth is determined based on the historical discharge depth statistics divided by calendar weeks, and the required discharge depth is determined according to the time occupied by the current time and the start charging time in the calendar week. The charging cutoff capacity is determined by comparing the predicted discharge depth with the target remaining capacity and the full capacity.

[0085] Among them, the historical depth of discharge is used to indicate the DOD (Depth of Discharge) of the battery in the past.

[0086] The current time is the time when the battery charging operation was initiated, and the start time is the time when the battery charging operation will be initiated again.

[0087] The predicted depth of discharge is the predicted DOD that the battery may use from the current time until the next charge.

[0088] The target remaining power is a pre-stored value. Those skilled in the art can set the specific value of the target remaining power according to the actual situation, and this application does not impose specific restrictions.

[0089] The charging cutoff level is the condition for stopping battery charging. During the battery charging process, the battery is considered fully charged when the remaining battery power reaches the set charging cutoff level.

[0090] A calendar week consists of seven calendar days: Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, and Sunday.

[0091] The required discharge depth for each calendar day of the calendar week is the discharge depth that may be needed for each calendar day of the calendar week, based on historical discharge depth statistics.

[0092] Full charge means 100% battery capacity.

[0093] Specifically, in the charging method provided in this application embodiment, during the charging process of the battery, the previous historical depth of discharge of the battery is obtained, and the start time of the next charging cycle is determined. Based on this, the historical depth of discharge is statistically analyzed based on calendar weeks, and then the required depth of discharge corresponding to the time occupied by the current time and the start time of charging in the calendar week is predicted. The predicted depth of discharge that the battery will generate between the current time and the next start time of charging is predicted. Then, based on the comparison results of the predicted depth of discharge with the target remaining capacity and the full capacity, the charging cutoff capacity of the battery for this charging is determined.

[0094] The above charging method predicts the battery's depth of discharge before the next charge based on the battery's historical depth of discharge during the charging process. Based on the predicted depth of discharge, it determines the charging cutoff capacity for the current charge. By combining the user's historical charging habits, the charging cutoff capacity is dynamically determined, improving the flexibility of determining the charging cutoff capacity.

[0095] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the above S402 may specifically include the following S402a to S402d:

[0096] S402a records the battery's first charge level of each day and the second charge level of each charge within a historical period;

[0097] S402b, based on the first charge and the second charge, determines the depth of discharge of the battery each day during a historical period;

[0098] S402c, calculate the first mean and first standard deviation of the depth of discharge for each calendar day in a calendar week;

[0099] S402d calculates the required depth of discharge for each calendar day of the calendar week based on the first mean and the first standard deviation.

[0100] The historical period refers to a time preceding the current time.

[0101] In practical applications, the aforementioned historical period can specifically be 3 months, 80 days, 75 days, 2 months, 45 days, or 1 month prior to the current time. Those skilled in the art can set the specific duration of the historical period according to the actual situation, and this application does not impose specific restrictions.

[0102] The first battery level is used to indicate the daily change in battery power. Specifically, the first battery level may include a first starting battery level and a first ending battery level. The first starting battery level is the remaining battery power before each day's use, and the first ending battery level is the remaining battery power after the last use of the day.

[0103] The second charge level is used to indicate the change in battery charge level during each charge. Specifically, the second charge level may include a second starting charge level and a second ending charge level. The second starting charge level is the remaining charge level of the battery before each charge begins, and the second ending charge level is the remaining charge level of the battery after each charge ends.

[0104] The daily depth of discharge refers to the actual depth of discharge used by the battery each day. In practical applications, the daily depth of discharge can be calculated using the following formula:

[0105] DOD = SOC1 - SOC2 + ΔSOC;

[0106] Where DOD represents the depth of discharge of the battery each day, SOC1 represents the first starting charge of the battery each day, SOC2 represents the first ending charge of the battery each day, and ΔSOC represents the change in charge of the battery each day due to charging. ΔSOC is related to the second charge of the battery each day. Specifically, ΔSOC is the sum of the differences between the second ending charge and the second starting charge of the battery each day. In other words, ΔSOC is the cumulative charge of the battery each day.

[0107] The first average value is the average depth of discharge used by the battery on each calendar day of the calendar week within a historical period.

[0108] The first standard deviation is the standard deviation of the depth of discharge used by the battery on each calendar day of the calendar week within a historical period.

[0109] For example, for Monday, the first mean is the average depth of discharge used by the battery across all Mondays in the historical period, and the first standard deviation is the standard deviation of the depth of discharge used by the battery across all Mondays in the historical period. The first mean and first standard deviation for Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, and Sunday are calculated similarly.

[0110] The required discharge depth for each calendar day in a calendar week is calculated based on the first average and first standard deviation of the discharge depth for each calendar day in a calendar week within a historical period, representing the discharge depth that may be needed for each calendar day in a calendar week.

[0111] In practical applications, the required depth of discharge for each calendar day of a calendar week can be calculated using the following formula:

[0112] DOD1 = DOD_μ1 + 2 × DOD_σ1;

[0113] DOD2 = DOD_μ2 + 2 × DOD_σ2;

[0114] DOD3 = DOD_μ3 + 2 × DOD_σ3;

[0115] DOD4 = DOD_μ4 + 2 × DOD_σ4;

[0116] DOD5 = DOD_μ5 + 2 × DOD_σ5;

[0117] DOD6 = DOD_μ6 + 2 × DOD_σ6;

[0118] DOD7 = DOD_μ7 + 2 × DOD_σ7;

[0119] Wherein, DOD1 represents the demand discharge depth on Monday, DOD_μ1 represents the first average discharge depth on Monday within the historical period, DOD_σ1 represents the first standard deviation of the discharge depth on Monday within the historical period, DOD2 represents the demand discharge depth on Tuesday, DOD_μ2 represents the first average discharge depth on Tuesday within the historical period, DOD_σ2 represents the first standard deviation of the discharge depth on Tuesday within the historical period, DOD3 represents the demand discharge depth on Wednesday, DOD_μ3 represents the first average discharge depth on Wednesday within the historical period, DOD_σ3 represents the first standard deviation of the discharge depth on Wednesday within the historical period, and DOD4 represents the demand discharge depth on Thursday, DOD_μ4 represents the discharge depth on Thursday within the historical period. The first average of the discharge depth, DOD_σ4 represents the first standard deviation of the discharge depth on Thursdays within the historical period, DOD5 represents the demand discharge depth on Fridays, DOD_μ5 represents the first average of the discharge depth on Fridays within the historical period, DOD_σ5 represents the first standard deviation of the discharge depth on Fridays within the historical period, DOD6 represents the demand discharge depth on Saturdays, DOD_μ6 represents the first average of the discharge depth on Saturdays within the historical period, DOD_σ6 represents the first standard deviation of the discharge depth on Saturdays within the historical period, and DOD7 represents the demand discharge depth on Sundays, DOD_μ7 represents the first average of the discharge depth on Sundays within the historical period, DOD_σ7 represents the first standard deviation of the discharge depth on Sundays within the historical period.

[0120] Specifically, in the charging method provided in this application embodiment, during the process of obtaining the historical depth of discharge of the battery, the first charge level of the battery each day within the historical period and the second charge level of the battery during each charge within the historical period are recorded. Based on this, the daily depth of discharge of the battery within the historical period is determined according to the recorded first charge level and second charge level. The recorded depth of discharge within the historical period is divided according to calendar weeks, and the first average value and first standard deviation of the depth of discharge for each calendar day in the calendar week are calculated. Then, based on the first average value and first standard deviation corresponding to each calendar day in the calendar week, the required depth of discharge for each calendar day in the calendar week is calculated.

[0121] In the above embodiments, by recording and managing the battery's daily power data and the power data of each charge during historical periods, the historical depth of discharge of the battery is determined, which improves the convenience and accuracy of subsequent battery charging control based on the historical depth of discharge.

[0122] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the above S406 may specifically include the following S406a and S406b:

[0123] S406a, determine at least one calendar day in the calendar week based on the current time and the start charging time;

[0124] S406b, determine the predicted discharge depth based on the required discharge depth corresponding to at least one calendar day.

[0125] At least one calendar day in a calendar week is the time that the current time, the start time of charging, and the interval between the two occupy in the calendar week.

[0126] In practical applications, calendar days with remaining time less than the preset duration can be ignored.

[0127] The remaining time is the duration of each day within at least one calendar day, divided by the current time, the start time of charging, and midnight of each day.

[0128] If the remaining time is less than the preset time, it means that the time occupied for the corresponding calendar day is relatively short. In this case, the probability of the battery being used within the remaining time is low.

[0129] In practical applications, the preset duration can be 8 hours, 7 hours, 6 hours, 5 hours, or 4 hours, etc. Those skilled in the art can set the specific value of the preset duration according to the actual situation, and this application does not impose any specific restrictions.

[0130] The predicted discharge depth can be the sum of the required discharge depths corresponding to at least one calendar day.

[0131] For example, if the current time is 18:00 on Tuesday evening and the charging start time is 19:00 on Friday evening, then at least one calendar day in the calendar week is determined to be Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday, and the predicted depth of discharge ΔDOD = DOD3 + DOD4 + DOD5 is calculated.

[0132] In practical applications, during the calculation of predicted discharge depth, the required discharge depth for each calendar day can be weighted based on the proportion of the remaining time of each calendar day to the total time of each day (i.e., 24 hours) to improve the accuracy of the predicted discharge depth determination.

[0133] Specifically, in the charging method provided in the embodiments of this application, in the process of determining the predicted depth of discharge of the battery, at least one calendar day is determined from the seven days of a calendar week based on the current time and the next start time of the battery, and then the required depth of discharge corresponding to the determined at least one calendar day is obtained from the recorded historical depth of discharge, and the predicted depth of discharge of the battery between the current time and the next start time of the battery is determined based on the required depth of discharge corresponding to at least one calendar day.

[0134] In the above embodiments, the historical discharge depth is statistically analyzed based on calendar weeks, and the required discharge depth is predicted based on the time occupied by the current time and the start charging time in the calendar week. This improves the accuracy and reliability of the determined predicted discharge depth.

[0135] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the above S408 may specifically include the following S408a to S408d:

[0136] S408a, determine the second value based on the sum of the predicted depth of discharge and the first value;

[0137] S408b, if the second value is greater than the target remaining power and less than the full power, the charging cutoff power is determined to be the second value;

[0138] S408c determines the charging cutoff level as full charge when the second value is greater than or equal to full charge.

[0139] S408d, if the second value is less than or equal to the target remaining power, the charging cutoff power is determined as the target remaining power;

[0140] Among them, the target remaining power is less than the full power.

[0141] The first value is a pre-stored value. In actual application, the first value can be 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, etc. Those skilled in the art can set the specific value of the first value according to the actual situation. This application does not impose specific restrictions.

[0142] Specifically, in the charging method provided in this application embodiment, during the process of determining the charging cutoff level of the battery based on the predicted depth of discharge and the target remaining capacity, a first value is added to the predicted depth of discharge to obtain a second value, which is then compared with the preset target remaining capacity and the full capacity. If the second value is greater than the target remaining capacity and less than the full capacity, the second value is set as the charging cutoff level for this charge, where the target remaining capacity is less than the full capacity. If the second value is greater than or equal to the full capacity, the full capacity is set as the charging cutoff level for this charge. If the second value is less than or equal to the target remaining capacity, the target remaining capacity is set as the charging cutoff level for this charge.

[0143] In the above embodiments, based on the difference between the predicted depth of discharge of the battery before the next charge and the preset target remaining capacity and full capacity, the charging cutoff capacity of the battery for this charge is determined. This can reduce the occurrence of the battery being fully charged, improve the flexibility and rationality of determining the charging cutoff capacity, and help extend the battery's service life.

[0144] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, the above charging method may further include the following S502 and S504:

[0145] S502, obtain the remaining battery power at the current time;

[0146] S504: If the second value is less than or equal to the remaining power, cancel the battery charging operation.

[0147] The remaining battery charge at the current time is the actual remaining charge in the battery before the start of this charging operation.

[0148] Specifically, in the charging method provided in this application embodiment, during the charging process, the remaining battery power at the current time is also obtained. If the aforementioned second value is less than or equal to the remaining battery power, it indicates that the current remaining battery power is sufficient to support the battery until the next charging. In this case, the current charging operation will be cancelled, and the battery will not be charged.

[0149] In the above embodiments, the battery is not charged while its remaining power still supports subsequent use. This reduces the battery from being in a high-charge state for a long time and helps to extend the battery's lifespan.

[0150] In some embodiments, the target remaining power is the charging cutoff power used by the battery with the longest service life after charging the same type of battery under the same charging conditions but different charging cutoff powers.

[0151] In other words, the target remaining capacity is determined based on the relationship between the battery's charging cutoff capacity and its lifespan. Specifically, under the same charging conditions, the lifespan of a battery using the target remaining capacity as the charging cutoff capacity is greater than the lifespan of a battery using the remaining capacity other than the target remaining capacity as the charging cutoff capacity.

[0152] Specifically, the aforementioned target remaining capacity refers to the charging cutoff capacity used by the battery with the longest service life after charging the same type of battery under the same charging current, discharging current, remaining capacity before charging, and temperature, but with different charging cutoff caps.

[0153] For example, the charging conditions for different batteries are shown in Table 1 below, and the lifespan of different batteries after charging is shown in Table 2 below:

[0154] Table 1

[0155]

[0156] Table 2

[0157]

[0158] Among them, Life_A1 to Life_A13 represent the lifespan of a battery with a charging current of 0.2C after being charged with different charging cut-off levels, and Life_B1 to Life_B13 represent the lifespan of a battery with a charging current of 1C after being charged with different charging cut-off levels.

[0159] Based on this, for batteries using slow charging stations (i.e., batteries with a charging current of 0.2C), the target remaining capacity is determined by selecting the battery with the longest lifespan from battery serial numbers 1 to 13, specifically the battery with the highest value among Life_A1 to Life_A13. For batteries using fast charging stations (i.e., batteries with a charging current of 1C), the target remaining capacity is determined by selecting the battery with the longest lifespan from battery serial numbers 14 to 26, specifically the battery with the highest value among Life_B1 to Life_B13.

[0160] Specifically, in the charging method provided in this application embodiment, the target remaining capacity is determined based on the correspondence between the battery's charging cutoff capacity and its lifespan. Specifically, the target remaining capacity is the charging cutoff capacity used by the battery with the longest lifespan after charging the same type of battery under the same charging conditions but with different charging cutoff caps. That is, under the same charging conditions, the lifespan of a battery using the target remaining capacity as the charging cutoff cap is greater than the lifespan of a battery using any remaining capacity other than the target remaining capacity as the charging cutoff cap. In other words, under the same charging conditions, the battery has the longest lifespan when the target remaining capacity is used as the charging cutoff cap.

[0161] In the above embodiments, under the premise of meeting the battery's power demand, selecting the charging cutoff level that minimizes damage to the battery's lifespan helps to extend the battery's lifespan.

[0162] In some embodiments, such as Figure 8 As shown, the above S404 may specifically include the following S404a:

[0163] S404a, responding to user input, determines the start time for charging.

[0164] Specifically, user input can refer to touch input from the user on electrical devices such as display screens in vehicles.

[0165] In practical applications, after initiating the battery charging operation, a pop-up window will appear on the display screen of the electrical device, such as a vehicle, displaying multiple times for the user to select the start time for the next battery charge. An input box can also be displayed in the pop-up window for the user to enter the start time for the next battery charge.

[0166] Specifically, in the charging method provided in the embodiments of this application, in the process of determining the start time of the next battery charge, the start time set by the user can be determined in response to user input.

[0167] In the above embodiments, the user directly sets the start time of the next battery charging cycle, eliminating the need for prediction and improving the accuracy of the determined start time.

[0168] In some embodiments, such as Figure 9 As shown, the above S404 may specifically include the following S404b:

[0169] S404b, upon obtaining user authorization information, determines the current time to be the same time on the next day as the start time for charging;

[0170] The user authorization information indicates that the battery has sufficient charging resources.

[0171] The user authorization information indicates that the battery has sufficient charging resources to meet the daily charging needs, such as home charging stations. The user authorization information also indicates that the user allows the battery to be charged at set times.

[0172] Specifically, in the charging method provided in this application embodiment, in the process of determining the start time of the next battery charge, if it is obtained that the charging resources of the battery are sufficient and the user authorization information allows the battery to be charged at a time, the current time can be determined as the same time of the next day, that is, the battery is charged at the same time every day.

[0173] In the above embodiments, the start time of each subsequent charge of the battery is determined based on a single user authorization, which improves the accuracy of the determined start time of the charge and reduces user operations.

[0174] In some embodiments, such as Figure 10 As shown, the above charging method may further include S602 and S604 as described below. Based on this, as follows... Figure 11 As shown, the above S404 may specifically include the following S404c:

[0175] S602 records the start time of each charge for the battery within a historical period;

[0176] S604, Statistically calculate the probability distribution of multiple charging start times within a historical time period;

[0177] S404c, if there is at least one charging start time with a probability distribution greater than a preset probability threshold, determine the start charging time based on the current time and at least one charging start time.

[0178] The charging start time is the point in time when the battery initiates a charging operation each time.

[0179] The probability distribution of each charging start time, that is, the proportion of the frequency of each charging start time in the historical period to the total number of times the battery is charged in the historical period.

[0180] The preset probability threshold is a pre-stored value. In actual applications, the preset probability threshold can be 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20% or higher. Those skilled in the art can set the specific value of the preset probability threshold according to the actual situation. This application does not impose any specific restrictions.

[0181] If there are charging start times with a probability greater than a preset probability threshold within a historical period, it indicates that the charging start times of the battery are highly concentrated within that historical period.

[0182] Specifically, in the charging method provided in this application embodiment, the charging start time of the battery for each charge within a historical period is also recorded, and the distribution probability of multiple charging start times within the historical period is statistically analyzed. Based on this, in the process of determining the start time of the next charge of the battery, if there is at least one charging start time among the recorded multiple charging start times with a distribution probability greater than a preset probability threshold, it indicates that the charging start times of the battery within the historical period are highly concentrated. In this case, the start time of the next charge of the battery is determined based on the current time and at least one charging start time with a distribution probability greater than the preset probability threshold.

[0183] In the above embodiments, when the charging start time of the battery is highly concentrated in a historical period, the start time of the next charge is predicted based on the charging start time that occurs most frequently in the historical period, thereby improving the accuracy of the determined start time.

[0184] In some embodiments, such as Figure 12 As shown, the above S404 may specifically include the following S404d to S404f:

[0185] S404d, In the absence of a charging start time with a probability distribution greater than a preset probability threshold, calculate the interval between every two adjacent charging start times within the historical period to obtain multiple interval durations.

[0186] S404e calculates the second mean and second standard deviation of multiple interval durations;

[0187] S404f determines the start charging time based on the current time, the second average value, and the second standard deviation.

[0188] In the case where there is no charging start time with a probability greater than a preset probability threshold within a historical period, it indicates that the charging start time of the battery is discretely distributed within the historical period.

[0189] At this point, the start time of charging can be specifically the sum of the current time, the second average, and twice the second standard deviation.

[0190] In other words, in practical applications, the charging start time can be calculated using the following formula:

[0191] T = T0 + Time_μ + 2 × Time_σ;

[0192] Where T represents the start time of charging, T0 represents the current time, Time_μ represents the second average value, and Time_σ represents the second standard deviation.

[0193] Specifically, in the charging method provided in this application embodiment, when determining the start time of the next battery charge, if there is no charging start time with a probability greater than a preset probability threshold among the recorded multiple charging start times, it indicates that the charging start times of the battery are discretely distributed in the historical period. In this case, the interval between every two adjacent charging start times of the battery in the historical period is calculated to obtain multiple interval durations, and the second average and second standard deviation of the multiple interval durations are calculated. Then, based on the current time, the second average and the second standard deviation, the start time of the next battery charge is determined.

[0194] In the above embodiments, when the charging start time of the battery is discretely distributed within a historical period, the starting charging time of the next charge is predicted based on the distribution pattern of the charging start time of the battery within the historical period, thereby improving the accuracy of the determined starting charging time.

[0195] like Figure 13 As shown, some embodiments of this application provide a charging device 700, including the processing unit 702 described below.

[0196] Processing unit 702 is used to obtain the historical depth of discharge of the battery;

[0197] The processing unit 702 is also used to determine the start time of the next battery charging cycle;

[0198] Processing unit 702 is also used to determine the predicted depth of discharge of the battery between the current time and the start time of charging based on the historical depth of discharge and the start time of charging. The predicted depth of discharge is determined based on the historical depth of discharge divided into calendar weeks and the required depth of discharge corresponding to the time occupied by the current time and the start time of charging in the calendar week.

[0199] The processing unit 702 is also used to determine the charging cut-off charge of the battery based on the predicted depth of discharge and the target remaining charge. The charging cut-off charge is determined by comparing the predicted depth of discharge with the target remaining charge and the full charge, respectively.

[0200] Specifically, the charging device 700 provided in this application embodiment includes a processing unit 702. During the charging process of the battery, the processing unit 702 acquires the battery's previous historical depth of discharge and determines the next start time of charging. Based on this, the processing unit 702 statistically analyzes the historical depth of discharge based on calendar weeks, and then predicts the predicted depth of discharge that the battery will generate between the current time and the next start time of charging, based on the required depth of discharge corresponding to the time occupied by the current time and the start time of charging in the calendar week. Furthermore, based on the comparison results of the predicted depth of discharge with the target remaining capacity and the full capacity, the charging cutoff capacity of the battery for this charging is determined.

[0201] During the battery charging process, the aforementioned charging device 700 predicts the battery's depth of discharge before the next charge based on the battery's historical depth of discharge, and determines the charging cutoff capacity of the battery for this charge based on the predicted depth of discharge. By combining the user's historical charging habits of the battery, the charging cutoff capacity of the battery is dynamically determined, thereby improving the flexibility of determining the charging cutoff capacity.

[0202] The charging device 700 provided in this application embodiment can implement the steps of the charging method in any of the above embodiments, and will not be described one by one here.

[0203] like Figure 14 As shown, some embodiments of this application provide an electrical device 800, which includes:

[0204] The memory 802 stores computer program instructions.

[0205] The processor 804 executes the above-described computer program instructions to implement the steps of the charging method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0206] The memory 802 and the processor 804 can be connected via a bus or other means.

[0207] The memory 802 can be used to store software programs and various data. The memory 802 may primarily include a first storage area for storing computer program instructions and a second storage area for storing data. The first storage area may store the operating system, application programs or instructions required for at least one function (such as sound playback function, image playback function, etc.). Furthermore, the memory 802 may include volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or both. The non-volatile memory may be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDRSDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct memory bus RAM (DRRAM). The memory 802 in this embodiment includes, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0208] The processor 804 may include one or more processing units. The processor 804 may be a chip such as a CPU, DSP, ASIC, or FPGA. This application embodiment does not impose specific limitations.

[0209] It should be noted that the electrical device 800 in the embodiments of this application includes mobile electrical devices and non-mobile electrical devices, and the embodiments of this application do not impose specific limitations.

[0210] Specifically, the electrical device 800 is a device that uses a battery as its power source, and the battery is used to provide electrical energy to the electrical device 800. The battery can serve as the operating power source for the electrical device 800, and it can also serve as the driving power source for the electrical device 800.

[0211] In practical applications, the electrical device 800 can be, but is not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, electric vehicles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc. Among them, electric toys can include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc., and spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.

[0212] The power device 800 provided in this embodiment includes a memory 802 and a processor 804. When the computer program instructions in the memory 802 are executed by the processor 804, they implement the steps of the charging method as described in any of the above embodiments. Therefore, the power device 800 has all the beneficial effects of the charging method in any of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0213] In some embodiments of this application, optionally, such as Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, a battery management system 1000 is also provided. The battery management system 1000 includes a control circuit 1002 and a first communication module 1004. The control circuit 1002 is connected to the battery 10, and the first communication module 1004 is connected to both the control circuit 1002 and the charging device 900. During the charging process of the battery 10, the control circuit 1002 acquires the previous historical discharge depth of the battery 10 and determines the next start time of charging. Based on this, the control circuit 1002 statistically analyzes the historical discharge depth based on calendar weeks, and then predicts the predicted discharge depth that the battery 10 will generate between the current time and the next start time of charging based on the required discharge depth corresponding to the time occupied by the current time and the start time of charging in the calendar week. Furthermore, based on the comparison results of the predicted discharge depth with the target remaining capacity and full capacity, the charging cutoff capacity of the battery 10 for this charging is determined. The first communication module 1004 then sends a charging command to the charging device 900 according to the charging cutoff capacity determined by the control circuit 1002, to control the charging device 900 to charge the battery 10.

[0214] The charging equipment 900 is a device used to provide power to the battery 10, such as a charging pile or a battery swapping device, and this application does not impose any specific restrictions.

[0215] The battery management system 1000 and the battery 10 are located within the electrical device 800. The battery 10 is used to provide electrical energy to the electrical device 800. The battery 10 can serve as the operating power source for the electrical device 800 and also as the driving power source for the electrical device 800.

[0216] The control circuit 1002 is the main control module of the battery management system 1000, responsible for calculation and decision-making. Specifically, the control circuit 1002 is used to implement at least one of the following functions for the battery 10: state monitoring, state analysis, charge and discharge control, safety protection, thermal management, high-voltage power distribution, and information management.

[0217] The first communication module 1004 is responsible for data communication and interaction between the battery management system 1000 and other devices inside the power-consuming device 800 or external devices of the power-consuming device 800.

[0218] In practical applications, the battery management system 1000 in this application can also realize the functions of the controller in the electrical device 800, such as realizing the functions of the vehicle control unit (VCU) and the motor control unit (MCU), etc. This application does not limit this.

[0219] In practical applications, the charging command may include the charging cutoff level. At this time, the charging device 900 can monitor the remaining power of the battery 10 and stop charging the battery 10 when the remaining power of the battery 10 reaches the charging cutoff level.

[0220] In practical applications, charging instructions may also include charging start instructions and charging end instructions. The charging start instruction controls the charging device 900 to charge the battery 10, and the charging end instruction controls the charging device 900 to stop charging the battery 10.

[0221] It should be noted that in practical applications, the battery management system 1000 in this application can also be integrated as a controller into the battery device, such as into the battery pack or energy storage box.

[0222] The battery management system 1000 in this application can also be integrated as a controller into the electrical device 800, such as into a vehicle or vehicle chassis.

[0223] The battery management system 1000 in this application can also be integrated as a controller into the charging equipment 900, such as into a charging pile or a battery swapping device.

[0224] The battery management system 1000 in this application can also be deployed as control software on a server. The server can be a standalone physical server, a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, or a cloud server that provides basic cloud computing services such as cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communication, middleware services, domain name services, security services, CDN (Content Delivery Network), and big data and artificial intelligence platforms, such as vehicle networking cloud, APP (Application) backend, etc.

[0225] The battery management system 1000 proposed in this application predicts the depth of discharge of the battery 10 before the next charge based on the historical depth of discharge of the battery 10 during the charging process. Based on the predicted depth of discharge, it determines the charging cutoff capacity of the battery 10 for this charge and controls the charging of the battery 10 based on the charging cutoff capacity. It can dynamically determine the charging cutoff capacity of the battery 10 by combining the user's historical charging habits of the battery 10, thereby improving the flexibility of determining the charging cutoff capacity and thus improving the flexibility of battery charging control.

[0226] In some embodiments of this application, optionally, such as Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, a charging device 900 is also provided. The charging device 900 includes a second communication module 902 and a charging circuit 904. The second communication module 902 is connected to a battery management system 1000, and the charging circuit 904 is connected to both the battery 10 and the second communication module 902. During the charging process of the battery 10, the second communication module 902 receives charging instructions from the battery management system 1000. The charging instructions are generated by the battery management system 1000 based on a charging cutoff level determined by the predicted depth of discharge and the target remaining capacity. The charging cutoff level is determined by the battery management system 1000 based on a comparison of the predicted depth of discharge with the target remaining capacity and the full capacity. The predicted depth of discharge is determined by the battery management system 1000 based on the historical depth of discharge of the battery 10 and the next start time of charging of the battery 10, specifically by the battery management system 1000 based on the historical depth of discharge divided by calendar weeks and the required discharge depth corresponding to the time occupied by the current time and the start time in the calendar week. Based on this, the charging circuit 904 responds to the charging command and charges the battery 10 until the remaining power of the battery 10 reaches the charging cutoff level, at which point charging of the battery 10 stops.

[0227] The charging equipment 900 is a device used to provide power to the battery 10, such as a charging pile or a battery swapping device, and this application does not impose any specific restrictions.

[0228] In practical applications, such as Figure 15 As shown, the charging device 900 can be a device that is set up independently of the power-consuming device 800, such as a home charging pile or a public charging pile.

[0229] Optionally, such as Figure 16 As shown, the charging device 900 can also charge devices equipped in the power-consuming device 800, such as vehicle-mounted charging guns and on-board chargers. In this case, the charging device 900 works in conjunction with the external power grid or charging pile to charge the battery 10.

[0230] The second communication module 902 can be connected to the first communication module 1004 in the battery management system 1000. The second communication module 902 is responsible for data communication and interaction between the charging device 900 and its internal or external devices.

[0231] The charging circuit 904 is a circuit that can be used to output electrical energy, such as a power supply circuit.

[0232] In practical applications, the charging device 900 can start charging the battery 10 and stop charging the battery 10 according to the charging instruction.

[0233] In practical applications, the charging device 900 can also monitor the remaining power of the battery 10 and stop charging the battery 10 when the remaining power of the battery 10 reaches the charging cutoff level.

[0234] The charging device 900 proposed in this application controls the charging of the battery 10 based on the charging cutoff capacity determined by the historical discharge depth of the battery 10 during the charging process. It can dynamically control the charging cutoff capacity of the battery 10 by combining the user's historical charging habits of the battery 10, thereby improving the flexibility of battery charging control.

[0235] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the charging method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0236] Computer-readable storage media can include any medium capable of storing or transmitting information. Examples of computer-readable storage media include electronic circuits, semiconductor memory devices, read-only memory, random access memory, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), flash memory, erasable ROM (EROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, optical disk, hard disk, fiber optic media, radio frequency (RF) links, optical data storage devices, etc. Code segments can be downloaded via computer networks such as the Internet and intranets.

[0237] The computer-readable storage medium provided in this embodiment of the invention stores a computer program which, when executed by a processor, can implement the steps of the charging method as described in any of the above embodiments. Therefore, the computer-readable storage medium possesses all the beneficial effects of the charging method in any of the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0238] For example, the charging method provided in this application records the first daily charge level of the battery in the two months prior to the current time, and records the second charge level of the battery during each charge in the two months prior to the current time. Based on this, the depth of discharge of the battery in the two months prior to the current time is determined according to the recorded first and second charge levels. The depth of discharge recorded in the two months prior to the current time is divided according to calendar weeks, and the first average value and first standard deviation of the depth of discharge for each calendar day in the calendar week are calculated. Then, the required depth of discharge for each calendar day in the calendar week is calculated based on the first average value and first standard deviation corresponding to each calendar day in the calendar week. Furthermore, the target remaining charge level is selected as the charging cutoff charge level used by the battery with the longest service life after charging under the same charging current, discharging current, remaining charge level before charging, and temperature, but with different charging cutoff charges.

[0239] During the battery charging process, in response to user input, the start time of the next battery charge selected by the user is determined. Based on the current time and the next start time of the battery charge, at least one calendar day is determined from the seven days of the calendar week. Then, the required discharge depth corresponding to the determined at least one calendar day is obtained from the recorded historical discharge depth. Based on the required discharge depth corresponding to at least one calendar day, the predicted discharge depth of the battery between the current time and the next start time of the charge is determined.

[0240] Based on this, the remaining battery capacity at the current time is obtained. If the remaining capacity is less than or equal to the predicted depth of discharge plus 10%, it means that the current remaining capacity is sufficient to support the battery until the next charge. In this case, the current charging operation will be cancelled, and the battery will not be charged. Otherwise, if the predicted depth of discharge plus 10% is greater than the target remaining capacity but less than 100%, the predicted depth of discharge plus 10% is set as the charging cutoff capacity for this charge. If the predicted depth of discharge plus 10% is greater than or equal to 100%, 100% is set as the charging cutoff capacity for this charge. If the predicted depth of discharge plus 10% is less than or equal to the target remaining capacity, the target remaining capacity is set as the charging cutoff capacity for this charge.

[0241] In this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more unless otherwise expressly defined. The terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "linking" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0242] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with embodiments or examples that are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. The above descriptions are merely some embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A charging method, characterized in that, include: Obtain the battery's historical depth of discharge; Determine the start time of the next charging cycle for the battery; Based on the historical discharge depth and the start charging time, the predicted discharge depth of the battery between the current time and the start charging time is determined. The predicted discharge depth is determined by statistically analyzing the historical discharge depth based on calendar weeks and the required discharge depth corresponding to the time occupied by the current time and the start charging time in the calendar week. The charging cutoff charge of the battery is determined based on the predicted depth of discharge and the target remaining charge. The charging cutoff charge is determined by comparing the predicted depth of discharge with the target remaining charge and the full charge value, respectively.

2. The charging method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acquisition of the battery's historical depth of discharge includes: Record the battery's first charge level each day and the second charge level for each charge within a historical period; Based on the first charge level and the second charge level, the depth of discharge of the battery is determined for each day during the historical period. Calculate the first average and first standard deviation of the depth of discharge for each calendar day of the calendar week; The required depth of discharge for each calendar day in the calendar week is calculated based on the first average value and the first standard deviation.

3. The charging method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Determining the predicted depth of discharge of the battery between the current time and the start time based on the historical depth of discharge and the start time of charging includes: Based on the current time and the start charging time, at least one calendar day in the calendar week is determined; The predicted discharge depth is determined based on the required discharge depth corresponding to at least one of the calendar days.

4. The charging method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the charging cutoff level of the battery based on the predicted depth of discharge and the target remaining charge includes: The second value is determined based on the sum of the predicted discharge depth and the first value; If the second value is greater than the target remaining power and less than the full power, the charging cutoff power is determined to be the second value, and the target remaining power is less than the full power. If the second value is greater than or equal to the full charge, the charging cutoff charge is determined as the full charge. If the second value is less than or equal to the target remaining power, the charging cutoff power is determined as the target remaining power.

5. The charging method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The charging method further includes: Obtain the remaining charge of the battery at the current time; If the second value is less than or equal to the remaining power, the charging operation for the battery is cancelled.

6. The charging method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The target remaining power is the charging cutoff power used by the battery with the longest service life after charging the same type of battery under the same charging conditions but different charging cutoff powers.

7. The charging method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Determining the start time of the next charging cycle for the battery includes: In response to user input, the start charging time is determined.

8. The charging method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Determining the start time of the next charging cycle for the battery includes: If user authorization information is obtained, the current time will be determined as the same time on the next day as the start time for charging, and the user authorization information indicates that the battery has sufficient charging resources.

9. The charging method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The charging method further includes: Record the start time of each charge for the battery within the historical time period; The probability distribution of multiple charging start times within the historical time period is statistically analyzed; Determining the start time of the next charging cycle for the battery includes: If there is at least one charging start time where the probability of the distribution is greater than a preset probability threshold, the charging start time is determined based on the current time and at least one charging start time.

10. The charging method according to claim 9, characterized in that, Determining the start time of the next charging cycle for the battery includes: In the absence of a charging start time with a probability greater than a preset probability threshold, the interval between every two adjacent charging start times within the historical period is calculated to obtain multiple interval durations. Calculate the second average and second standard deviation of the multiple said interval durations; The start charging time is determined based on the current time, the second average value, and the second standard deviation.

11. A battery management system, characterized in that, include: A control circuit, connected to the battery, is used to acquire the battery's historical depth of discharge and determine the start time of the next charging cycle for the battery. Based on the historical discharge depth and the start charging time, the predicted discharge depth of the battery between the current time and the start charging time is determined; based on the predicted discharge depth and the target remaining capacity, the charging cutoff capacity of the battery is determined. The predicted discharge depth is determined by statistically analyzing the historical discharge depth based on calendar weeks, and by the required discharge depth corresponding to the time occupied by the current time and the start charging time in the calendar week. The charging cutoff capacity is determined by comparing the predicted discharge depth with the target remaining capacity and the full capacity values, respectively. The first communication module is connected to the control circuit and the charging device, and is used to send a charging command to the charging device according to the charging cutoff power, so as to control the charging device to charge the battery.

12. A charging device, characterized in that, include: The second communication module, connected to the battery management system, is used to receive charging instructions issued by the battery management system. The charging instructions are generated by the battery management system based on a charging cutoff charge determined by the predicted discharge depth and the target remaining charge. The predicted discharge depth is determined by the battery management system based on the battery's historical discharge depth and the battery's next start charging time, representing the predicted discharge depth between the current time and the start charging time. The predicted discharge depth is determined based on the historical discharge depth, divided into calendar weeks, and the required discharge depth corresponding to the time occupied by the current time and the start charging time within the calendar week. The charging cutoff charge is determined by comparing the predicted discharge depth with the target remaining charge and the full charge value, respectively. A charging circuit, connected to the battery and the second communication module, is used to charge the battery in response to the charging command until the remaining charge of the battery reaches the charging cutoff charge.

13. A charging device, characterized in that, include: The processing unit is used to obtain the battery's historical depth of discharge. The processing unit is also configured to determine the start time of the next charging cycle for the battery; The processing unit is further configured to determine the predicted discharge depth of the battery between the current time and the start charging time based on the historical discharge depth and the start charging time. The predicted discharge depth is determined by statistically analyzing the historical discharge depth based on calendar weeks and the required discharge depth corresponding to the time occupied by the current time and the start charging time in the calendar week. The processing unit is further configured to determine the charging cutoff charge of the battery based on the predicted depth of discharge and the target remaining charge, wherein the charging cutoff charge is determined by comparing the predicted depth of discharge with the target remaining charge and the full charge value respectively.

14. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions that can run on the processor, the program or instructions being executed by the processor to implement the steps of the charging method as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

15. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a program or instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the charging method as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

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