Cross-satellite switching method and device, network equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention relates to a cross-satellite switching method and device, network equipment and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: determining a range parameter of a wave position coverage area of each wave position corresponding to a satellite; the range parameter comprises the central position and the long axis length of each wave position coverage area; determining a first satellite service end moment corresponding to the central position of the beam position coverage area based on the satellite ephemeris and the central position of the beam position coverage area; determining a calculation strategy of a satellite service end moment based on a comparison result of the long axis length of the wave position coverage area and a preset distance threshold value, and calculating the satellite service end moment of each user in the wave position coverage area based on the calculation strategy and the first satellite service end moment; the satellite service ending moment is used for performing cross-satellite switching of the user. By adopting the method, the user switching efficiency can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of satellite communication technology, and in particular to a cross-satellite handover method, apparatus, network equipment, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] Low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites are not stationary relative to the ground but are constantly in motion, thus the duration of LEO satellite coverage for user equipment is limited. Therefore, triggering inter-satellite handover based on user location and satellite ephemeris is a typical handover scenario in LEO satellite communication systems. Network equipment first calculates the end time of the current satellite's service to the user, and then, before the end time, promptly triggers the user to switch to a neighboring satellite to ensure service continuity.

[0003] In traditional technologies, for each user in the coverage area of ​​a satellite's various wavelengths, network devices calculate the end time of satellite service based on a pre-configured calculation strategy.

[0004] However, in traditional technologies, the pre-configured calculation strategy for the end time of satellite services is not very flexible, which results in low efficiency for users to switch services. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a cross-satellite handover method, apparatus, network device, and storage medium.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a cross-satellite handover method, the method being applied to a network device, the method comprising:

[0007] Determine the range parameters of the coverage area of ​​each wave position corresponding to the satellite; the range parameters include the center position and major axis length of the coverage area of ​​each wave position;

[0008] Based on the satellite ephemeris and the center position of the wavelet coverage area, determine the first satellite service end time corresponding to the center position of the wavelet coverage area;

[0009] Based on the comparison between the major axis length of the wavelength coverage area and the preset distance threshold, a calculation strategy for the satellite service end time is determined, and based on the calculation strategy and the first satellite service end time, the satellite service end time for each user within the wavelength coverage area is calculated; the satellite service end time is used for user cross-satellite handover.

[0010] In one embodiment, calculating the satellite service end time for each user within the beamwidth coverage area based on the calculation strategy and the first satellite service end time includes:

[0011] If the major axis length of the wavelength coverage area is less than or equal to the distance threshold, the first satellite service end time is determined as the satellite service end time for each user within the wavelength coverage area.

[0012] If the major axis length of the wavelength coverage area is greater than the distance threshold, the satellite service end time for each user in the wavelength coverage area within the target time interval is predicted based on the range parameter of the wavelength coverage area and the satellite moving speed.

[0013] In one embodiment, the method further includes:

[0014] The latest handover time for a user is determined based on the user's cross-satellite handover duration and the end time of satellite service for each user within the coverage area of ​​the wavelet.

[0015] Construct a first information table, which contains the user identifier of the user within the coverage area of ​​the wave position and the latest time of the user's handover.

[0016] In one embodiment, where a single satellite supports parallel processing of multiple user handovers, the method further includes:

[0017] The time when the first user accesses the satellite is taken as the start time of the first switching cycle. Based on the preset cycle duration and the start time of the first switching cycle, a second information table containing multiple switching cycles is constructed.

[0018] Based on the latest switching time of each user contained in the first information table, the user identifiers corresponding to each user are assigned to the user lists corresponding to each switching cycle in the second information table;

[0019] When the start time of the current switching cycle is reached, a cross-satellite switching process is triggered for each user in the user list corresponding to the current switching cycle.

[0020] In one embodiment, the step of assigning the user identifiers corresponding to each user to the user lists corresponding to each switching period in the second information table based on the latest switching time of each user contained in the first information table includes:

[0021] Iterate through the latest user switch time for each user contained in the first information table;

[0022] For each user, if the latest time of the user's switch is within the first target switching period of the second information table, the user's user identifier is added to the user list corresponding to the first target switching period.

[0023] The first target switching cycle is any one of the switching cycles in the second information table.

[0024] In one embodiment, the method further includes:

[0025] According to the cycle number in descending order, traverse each switching cycle contained in the second information table;

[0026] If the number of user identifiers in the user list corresponding to the second target switching cycle is greater than the number of user switching processes that a single satellite can support in parallel processing, the user identifiers of each user included in the second target switching cycle are sorted according to a preset sorting rule to obtain a user sequence.

[0027] Retain the user identifiers of the first target number of users in the user sequence, delete the first user identifiers of the subsequent users in the user sequence, and add the first user identifiers to the user list corresponding to the previous switching cycle of the second target switching cycle;

[0028] The target number is equal to the number of user switching processes that a single satellite supports in parallel processing.

[0029] In one embodiment, the preset sorting rule includes at least one of a sorting rule based on business priority and a sorting rule based on the latest time of user switching.

[0030] In one embodiment, the step of sorting the user identifiers of each user included in the second target switching cycle based on a preset sorting rule to obtain a user sequence includes:

[0031] The user identifiers of each user included in the second target switching cycle are sorted in descending order of business priority;

[0032] If there are users with the same service priority, sort the users with the same service priority in descending order of the latest time of user switching to obtain a user sequence.

[0033] In one embodiment, the step of sorting the user identifiers of each user included in the second target switching cycle based on a preset sorting rule to obtain a user sequence includes:

[0034] The user identifiers of each user included in the second target switching period are sorted in descending order of the latest user switching time;

[0035] If there are users with the same latest user switching time, sort the users with the same service priority in descending order to obtain a user sequence.

[0036] In one embodiment, the method further includes:

[0037] If the first information table contains a first target user whose latest user switching time has been updated or a second target user whose communication connection with the satellite has been disconnected, the user identifiers of the first target user and the second target user shall be deleted from the second information table.

[0038] If the second information table does not contain the user identifier of the third target user who has already accessed the satellite, then the step of assigning the user identifier corresponding to each user to the user list corresponding to each switching cycle in the second information table based on the latest user switching time of each user contained in the first information table is executed.

[0039] In one embodiment, when the start time of the current switching cycle is reached, triggering a cross-satellite switching process for each user in the user list corresponding to the current switching cycle includes:

[0040] When the start time of the current handover period is reached, for each user in the user list corresponding to the current handover period, a user handover request is initiated to one or more neighboring satellites;

[0041] Receive user handover request feedback information from the plurality of neighboring satellites, and based on the user handover request feedback information, filter out the target satellite for user handover for the user, and send a notification message to the user's user equipment;

[0042] The notification message is used to instruct the user equipment to switch from the current satellite to the target satellite.

[0043] In one embodiment, if the major axis length of the wave position coverage area is greater than the distance threshold, the method further includes:

[0044] Based on the satellite ephemeris and satellite orbit parameters, determine the speed at which the satellite's nadir point moves on the ground.

[0045] Based on the moving speed, the range parameter within the wavelength coverage area, and the end time of the first satellite service, predict the target time interval where the end time of the satellite service for each user within the wavelength coverage area is located.

[0046] Secondly, this application also provides a cross-satellite handover device, which is applied to network equipment and includes:

[0047] The first determining module is used to determine the range parameters of the wave position coverage area corresponding to each wave position of the satellite; the range parameters include the center position and major axis length of the coverage area of ​​each wave position;

[0048] The second determining module is used to determine the first satellite service end time corresponding to the center position of the wavelet coverage area based on the satellite ephemeris and the center position of the wavelet coverage area.

[0049] The calculation module is used to determine the calculation strategy for the satellite service end time based on the comparison result between the major axis length of the wavelength coverage area and the preset distance threshold, and to calculate the satellite service end time for each user in the wavelength coverage area based on the calculation strategy and the first satellite service end time; the satellite service end time is used to perform cross-satellite handover for users.

[0050] Thirdly, this application also provides a network device, which includes: a memory, a transceiver, and a processor;

[0051] The memory is used to store computer programs; the transceiver is used to send and receive data under the control of the processor; the processor is used to read the computer programs in the memory and perform the following operations:

[0052] Determine the range parameters of the coverage area of ​​each wave position corresponding to the satellite; the range parameters include the center position and major axis length of the coverage area of ​​each wave position;

[0053] Based on the satellite ephemeris and the center position of the wavelet coverage area, determine the first satellite service end time corresponding to the center position of the wavelet coverage area;

[0054] Based on the comparison between the major axis length of the wavelength coverage area and the preset distance threshold, a calculation strategy for the satellite service end time is determined, and based on the calculation strategy and the first satellite service end time, the satellite service end time for each user within the wavelength coverage area is calculated; the satellite service end time is used for user cross-satellite handover.

[0055] In one embodiment, the processor is specifically used for:

[0056] If the major axis length of the wavelength coverage area is less than or equal to the distance threshold, the first satellite service end time is determined as the satellite service end time for each user within the wavelength coverage area.

[0057] If the major axis length of the wavelength coverage area is greater than the distance threshold, the satellite service end time for each user in the wavelength coverage area within the target time interval is predicted based on the range parameter of the wavelength coverage area and the satellite moving speed.

[0058] In one embodiment, the processor is further configured to read a computer program from the memory and perform the following operations:

[0059] The latest handover time for a user is determined based on the user's cross-satellite handover duration and the end time of satellite service for each user within the coverage area of ​​the wavelet.

[0060] Construct a first information table, which contains the user identifier of the user within the coverage area of ​​the wave position and the latest time of the user's handover.

[0061] In one embodiment, where a single satellite supports parallel processing of multiple user handovers, the processor is further configured to read the computer program in the memory and perform the following operations:

[0062] The time when the first user accesses the satellite is taken as the start time of the first switching cycle. Based on the preset cycle duration and the start time of the first switching cycle, a second information table containing multiple switching cycles is constructed.

[0063] Based on the latest user switching time of each user contained in the first information table, the user identifiers corresponding to each user are assigned to the user lists corresponding to each switching cycle in the second information table.

[0064] When the start time of the current switching cycle is reached, the cross-satellite switching process for each user in the user list corresponding to the current switching cycle is triggered.

[0065] In one embodiment, the processor is specifically used for:

[0066] Iterate through the latest user switch time for each user contained in the first information table;

[0067] For each user, if the latest time of user switching for the user falls within the first target switching period of the second information table, the user's user identifier is added to the user list corresponding to the first target switching period.

[0068] The first target switching cycle is any one of the switching cycles in the second information table.

[0069] In one embodiment, the processor is further configured to read a computer program from the memory and perform the following operations:

[0070] According to the cycle number in descending order, traverse each switching cycle contained in the second information table;

[0071] If the number of user identifiers in the user list corresponding to the second target switching cycle is greater than the number of user switching processes that a single satellite can support in parallel processing, the user identifiers of each user included in the second target switching cycle are sorted according to a preset sorting rule to obtain a user sequence.

[0072] Retain the user identifiers of the first target number of users in the user sequence, delete the first user identifiers of the subsequent users in the user sequence, and add the first user identifiers to the user list corresponding to the previous switching cycle of the second target switching cycle;

[0073] The target number is equal to the number of user switching processes that a single satellite supports in parallel processing.

[0074] In one embodiment, the preset sorting rule includes at least one of a sorting rule based on business priority and a sorting rule based on the latest time of user switching.

[0075] In one embodiment, the processor is specifically used for:

[0076] The user identifiers of each user included in the second target switching cycle are sorted in descending order of business priority;

[0077] If there are users with the same service priority, sort the users with the same service priority in descending order of the latest time of user switching to obtain a user sequence.

[0078] In one embodiment, the processor is specifically used for:

[0079] The user identifiers of each user included in the second target switching cycle are sorted in descending order of time priority;

[0080] If there are users with the same latest user switching time, sort the users with the same service priority in descending order to obtain a user sequence.

[0081] In one embodiment, the processor is further configured to read a computer program from the memory and perform the following operations:

[0082] If the first information table contains a first target user whose latest user switching time has been updated or a second target user whose communication connection with the satellite has been disconnected, the user identifiers of the first target user and the second target user shall be deleted from the second information table.

[0083] If the second information table does not contain the user identifier of the third target user who has already accessed the satellite, then the step of assigning the user identifier corresponding to each user to the user list corresponding to each switching cycle in the second information table based on the latest user switching time of each user contained in the first information table is executed.

[0084] In one embodiment, the processor is specifically used for:

[0085] When the start time of the current switching cycle is reached, for each user in the user list corresponding to the current switching cycle, a user switching request is initiated to one or more neighboring satellites;

[0086] Receive user handover request feedback information from the plurality of neighboring satellites, and based on the user handover request feedback information, filter out the target satellite for user handover for the user, and send a notification message to the user's user equipment;

[0087] The notification message is used to instruct the user equipment to switch from the current satellite to the target satellite.

[0088] In one embodiment, if the major axis length of the wave position coverage area is greater than the distance threshold, the processor is further configured to read the computer program in the memory and perform the following operations:

[0089] Based on the satellite ephemeris and satellite orbit parameters, determine the speed at which the satellite's nadir point moves on the ground.

[0090] Based on the moving speed, the range parameter within the wavelength coverage area, and the end time of the first satellite service, predict the target time interval where the end time of the satellite service for each user within the wavelength coverage area is located.

[0091] The aforementioned cross-satellite handover method, apparatus, network equipment, and storage medium determine the range parameters of the coverage area of ​​each satellite position based on the satellite position distribution information. These range parameters include the center position, major axis length, and minor axis length of each coverage area. Based on the satellite ephemeris and the center position of the coverage area, a first satellite service end time corresponding to the center position of the coverage area is determined. If the major axis length of the coverage area is less than or equal to a distance threshold, the first satellite service end time is determined as the satellite service end time for each user within the coverage area. If the major axis length of the coverage area is greater than the distance threshold, the satellite service end time for each user within the coverage area is predicted within a target time interval based on the range parameters of the coverage area and the satellite's moving speed. This method adaptively adjusts the calculated satellite service end time for each user based on the size of the coverage area, avoiding the inaccuracy of using a fixed point's satellite service end time when the coverage area is large. This improves the accuracy of the user's satellite service end time. Furthermore, it avoids the excessive computational load and resource consumption on network devices caused by calculating the satellite service end time for each user when the coverage area is small and user locations are concentrated. Therefore, it improves the efficiency of user handover. Attached Figure Description

[0092] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating the application environment of the cross-satellite handover method in one embodiment;

[0093] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a cross-satellite handover method in one embodiment;

[0094] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps for determining the end time of satellite service for a user within different waveband coverage areas in one embodiment.

[0095] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of constructing the first information table in one embodiment;

[0096] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of triggering a user's cross-satellite handover process based on a second information table in one embodiment.

[0097] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the step of updating the second information table in one embodiment;

[0098] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating the user processing steps for a second information table that exceeds the number of processes supported for parallel processing by a single satellite, as shown in one embodiment.

[0099] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of sorting the user sequence within the second target switching cycle according to the business priority principle in one embodiment.

[0100] Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of sorting the user sequence within the second target switching cycle according to the time priority principle in one embodiment.

[0101] Figure 10 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of processing the user sequence in the second information table in one embodiment;

[0102] Figure 11 This is a flowchart illustrating the user's cross-satellite handover steps in one embodiment;

[0103] Figure 12 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps for determining the target time interval in one embodiment;

[0104] Figure 13 This is a diagram illustrating a specific application environment for determining the end time of satellite service in one embodiment.

[0105] Figure 14 This is a distribution diagram of the latest handover time of UE1 to UE5 over M cycles in one embodiment;

[0106] Figure 15 This is a structural block diagram of a cross-satellite switching device in one embodiment;

[0107] Figure 16 This is a diagram of the internal structure of a network device in one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0108] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0109] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of a cross-satellite handover method provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 1 As shown, this scenario includes network device 100, satellite 200, and user equipment 300. Data transmission between network device 100 and user terminal 200 is conducted via satellite 200.

[0110] The network device 100 can be a base station, satellite control unit, etc. This disclosure does not limit the network device; the network device is responsible for data transmission and signal reception within the satellite network. The user equipment 300 can be a device providing voice and / or other service data connectivity to a user, a handheld device with wireless connectivity, or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem. The wireless terminal can communicate with one or more core networks via a Radio Access Network (RAN). The wireless terminal can be a mobile terminal, such as a mobile phone (or "cellular" phone) and a computer with a mobile terminal, for example, a portable, pocket-sized, handheld, computer-embedded, or vehicle-mounted mobile device. They exchange voice and / or data with the radio access network. The wireless terminal can also be referred to as a system, subscriber unit, subscriber station, mobile station, mobile, remote station, remote terminal, access terminal, user terminal, user agent, user device or user equipment; no limitation is made herein.

[0111] Satellites (e.g., low-Earth orbit satellites) are not stationary relative to the ground but are constantly in motion. Therefore, the duration of coverage for user equipment (UE) by low-Earth orbit satellites is limited. For example, a low-Earth orbit satellite with an altitude of 1150 km moves at a speed of approximately 7.8 km / s on the ground, and its coverage time for a stationary UE is only a few minutes. UEs need to switch from the older satellite to the newer one in the overlapping coverage area of ​​two satellites to ensure continuity of communication service.

[0112] Satellite ephemeris is a series of parameters used to characterize a satellite's position and orbital velocity. Common satellite ephemeris include those with 6, 12, 16, and 18 orbital elements. Taking the 6-ephemeris as an example, it includes six parameters: semi-major axis, eccentricity, inclination, pericentric argument, right ascension of the ascending node, and true anomaly. The more orbital parameters a satellite ephemeris includes, the more accurate the derived satellite position and orbital velocity will be.

[0113] To avoid interference and improve received signal strength, satellite systems typically use narrow beams to scan the ground; these narrow beams are also called spot beams. The area of ​​the ground scanned by a beam at a given moment is called a beam position. If multiple users are concentrated within the same beam position, network devices can use a single beam to scan the locations of these users simultaneously. The area of ​​a beam position is not fixed and depends on the beamwidth and beam elevation angle. The wider the beamwidth, the larger the beam position area. The beam elevation angle affects the shape of the beam position; at 0°, the beam position is approximately circular; at an elevation angle greater than 0°, the beam position is approximately elliptical, and the larger the elevation angle, the longer the major axis of the ellipse. A satellite can be configured with multiple beams, and different beams can scan different locations on the ground. The same beam can also scan different locations on the ground using a time-division multiplexing method. The coverage area of ​​a satellite includes multiple beam positions. Satellites can configure beamwidth and beam elevation angle separately for different beams; therefore, the coverage area size of different beam positions within the same satellite can vary significantly.

[0114] Therefore, in traditional technologies, for wavelengths with different coverage areas, the first method involves the network device deriving and calculating a single satellite service end time for each wavelength. All users share the same satellite service end time, resulting in a large granularity of the overall satellite service end time, leading to low accuracy in user handover. The second method involves the network device determining the satellite service end time for each user based on their location information for wavelengths with different coverage areas. If the coverage area of ​​a wavelength is small and all users within the wavelength are close together, calculating the satellite service end time for each user separately results in a large computational load and high computational resource consumption for the network device, leading to low efficiency in user handover.

[0115] It should be noted that the beneficial effects or technical problems solved by the embodiments of this application are not limited to this one, but may also be other implicit or related problems. For details, please refer to the description of the embodiments below.

[0116] The technical solution of this application and how the technical solution of this application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0117] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, a cross-satellite handover method is provided, which can be applied to... Figure 1 Taking network devices as an example, the explanation includes the following steps:

[0118] Step 201: Determine the range parameters of the coverage area of ​​each wavelength position.

[0119] The range parameters include the center position, major axis length, and minor axis length of the coverage area of ​​each wavelength.

[0120] In implementation, because satellite beams scan the ground, the boundary of the resulting wavefront coverage area is elliptical. An ellipse contains a center, a major axis, and a minor axis. Therefore, the major axis of the wavefront coverage area refers to the major axis of the ellipse formed by the boundaries of the wavefront coverage area. The minor axis of the wavefront coverage area refers to the minor axis of the ellipse formed by the boundaries of the wavefront coverage area. The center of the wavefront coverage area refers to the center of the ellipse formed by the boundaries of the wavefront coverage area. When the eccentricity of the ellipse is 1, it is represented as a perfect circle. In this case, the major and minor axes of the ellipse are the same length. Therefore, this disclosure uses the general case, where the boundary of the wavefront coverage area is an ellipse, as an example. The network device calculates the range parameters of the wavefront coverage area for each wavefront with user access. Specifically, based on the satellite's wavefront distribution information, the range parameters of the wavefront coverage area for each elliptical wavefront can be determined. These range parameters can include the center position, major axis length, and minor axis length of each wavefront coverage area.

[0121] Specifically, when determining the major axis length in the range parameters of a network device, it can be determined in at least one of the following ways:

[0122] 1. The satellite's beamwidth θ and beam elevation angle φ are included in the satellite's beam position distribution information. Therefore, network devices determine the user's elevation angle θ based on the beamwidth θ, the maximum beam elevation angle φ, and the satellite's orbital altitude h. u That is, the user's elevation angle θ can be calculated using formula (1). u Then, based on the user's elevation angle θ uThe intermediate values ​​α1 and α2 are calculated using formulas (2) and (3). α1 and α2 represent intermediate angular parameters in the calculation of the ellipse area. Finally, based on the actual values ​​of α1 and α2 obtained from formulas (2) and (3), the major axis length (d1) and minor axis length (d2) of the wavefront coverage area are derived and calculated. All the formulas required for the above process are as follows:

[0123]

[0124] d1=r(α1-α2) (4)

[0125]

[0126] In the formula, asin represents the sine function, acos represents the cosine function, and r is the Earth's radius.

[0127] 2. If the network device supports pre-configuring the major axis length of the coverage area of ​​a wavelength position, then the network device can pre-configure the major axis length of the coverage area corresponding to the wavelength position of different beams.

[0128] 3. The network device supports pre-configuration or notification from other network elements (e.g., ground control center) to obtain the location parameters of the coverage area for each wavelength position. These location parameters include the longitude and latitude range of the coverage area. The network device then calculates the maximum diagonal length within the coverage area based on these location parameters and uses this maximum diagonal length as the major axis length of the coverage area.

[0129] Step 202: Based on the satellite ephemeris and the center position of the wavelet coverage area, determine the first satellite service end time corresponding to the center position of the wavelet coverage area.

[0130] In practice, satellite ephemeris is a series of parameters used to characterize the satellite's position and speed. Based on the satellite ephemeris and the center position of the wavelet coverage area over a future period, the network equipment calculates the first satellite service end time t0 corresponding to the center position of the wavelet coverage area.

[0131] Step 203: Based on the comparison results between the major axis length of the wavelength coverage area and the preset distance threshold, determine the calculation strategy for the satellite service end time, and calculate the satellite service end time for each user within the wavelength coverage area based on the calculation strategy and the first satellite service end time.

[0132] The end time of satellite service is used for users to switch between satellites.

[0133] In implementation, the calculation strategy includes a first calculation strategy and a second calculation strategy. Specifically, when the major axis length of the beamwidth coverage area is less than or equal to the distance threshold D1, the first calculation strategy is executed. This first calculation strategy uses the end time of the first satellite service as the end time of satellite service for each user. When the major axis length of the beamwidth coverage area is greater than the distance threshold D1, the second calculation strategy is executed. This second calculation strategy calculates the end time of satellite service for each user based on the range parameters of the beamwidth coverage area and the satellite's moving speed.

[0134] Therefore, a distance threshold D1 is set in the network device. For each band coverage area, the network device compares the major axis length of the band coverage area with the preset distance threshold D1 to obtain the comparison result. Then, based on the comparison result, the network device adaptively adjusts the calculation strategy for the satellite service end time of each user within the band coverage area. In this way, the network device can calculate the satellite service end time of each user within the band coverage area based on the determined calculation strategy (first calculation strategy or second calculation strategy) and the first satellite service end time.

[0135] Optionally, for situations where a single satellite covers multiple band positions, the network device can adaptively determine the calculation strategy for the satellite service end time for each band position coverage area. This avoids using a single calculation method to calculate the user's satellite service end time regardless of whether the band position coverage area is too large or too small, which could lead to low accuracy of the user's satellite service end time or significant resource overhead. Furthermore, after determining the satellite service end time for each user within the band position coverage area, this end time can further trigger the user's cross-satellite handover process. The subsequent procedures for user cross-satellite handover will be described in detail later in this disclosure and will not be repeated here.

[0136] In the above-mentioned cross-satellite handover method, the calculation strategy for the end time of the user's satellite service is adaptively adjusted according to the size of the wavelet coverage area. This not only ensures the accuracy of the end time of the user's satellite service, but also avoids excessive computational load on network equipment and increased computational resource consumption, and improves the efficiency of user handover.

[0137] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, different calculation strategies are used to adaptively adjust the satellite service end time based on the size of the coverage area. The size of the coverage area is determined by a preset distance threshold. Specifically, the processing steps of step 203 include:

[0138] Step 301: If the major axis length of the wavelet coverage area is less than or equal to the distance threshold, the first satellite service end time is determined as the satellite service end time for each user within the wavelet coverage area.

[0139] In implementation, if the major axis length of the coverage area of ​​a wavelength position is less than or equal to the distance threshold, it indicates that the coverage area of ​​the current wavelength position is relatively small, and the user distribution within the coverage area is relatively concentrated. Therefore, network devices can use only the first satellite service end time at the center of the wavelength position coverage area to represent the satellite service end time of each user; that is, the network device determines the first satellite service end time as the satellite service end time of each user within the coverage area of ​​that wavelength position.

[0140] Step 302: If the major axis length of the wavelet coverage area is greater than the distance threshold, predict the end time of satellite service for each user in the wavelet coverage area within the target time interval based on the range parameters of the wavelet coverage area and the satellite moving speed.

[0141] In implementation, if the major axis length of the bandgap coverage area is greater than the distance threshold, it indicates that the bandgap coverage area corresponding to the current bandgap is relatively large, and the user distribution within the bandgap coverage area is relatively dispersed. Therefore, the network equipment needs to calculate the satellite service end time for each user separately. Specifically, the network equipment predicts the satellite service end time for each user within the target time interval in the bandgap coverage area based on the range parameters of the bandgap coverage area, the first satellite service end time, and the satellite's moving speed. This process requires determining the location information of each user within the target time interval, and then calculating the satellite service end time for each user based on the location information of each user and the range parameters of the bandgap coverage area.

[0142] The specific process of calculating the satellite service end time for each user within the coverage area of ​​each wavelength within the target time interval includes: estimating the satellite's position within the target time interval based on satellite ephemeris. Then, the network device derives the position of the satellite's nadir point based on the satellite's position, and estimates the target time interval based on the satellite nadir point's moving speed, the range parameters within the wavelength coverage area, and the first satellite service end time. The specific calculation process for this target time interval will be described in detail in the following embodiments.

[0143] Then, within the target time interval, the network device combines the user terminal location and the satellite's ground coverage radius Rcell, and by traversing multiple satellite nadir points within the target time interval, finds the distance between the user (user terminal UE) and the satellite nadir point, and obtains the latest time not exceeding the satellite's ground coverage radius Rcell, which is the latest handover time for each user.

[0144] The target time interval can be represented as (t0-deltaT1, t0+deltaT2), which can be determined by the major axis length of the wavelet coverage area and the satellite's moving speed. t0 is the end time of the first satellite service, deltaT1>0, deltaT2>0.

[0145] Optionally, if the user's location information is updated, and the major axis length d of the coverage area of ​​the user's current wavelength is... longAxis If the distance threshold D1 is still greater than the user's distance threshold, the network device needs to recalculate the user's satellite service end time to determine the latest time for the updated user handover.

[0146] Optionally, the network device obtains the user's location information through at least one of the following methods:

[0147] 1. Users actively report their location information to network devices, and the network devices obtain the users' location information;

[0148] 2. The network device predicts the user's location at a certain moment based on the location and speed information previously reported by the user, and obtains the user's location information;

[0149] 3. Based on the multiple location information previously reported by the user, the network device first estimates the user's speed, and then, based on the most recently reported location information and the estimated speed, predicts the user's location at a certain moment, thus obtaining the user's location information.

[0150] In the above-mentioned cross-satellite handover method, the calculation of the user's satellite service end time is adaptively adjusted according to the size of the wavelet coverage area. This not only ensures the accuracy of the user's satellite service end time, but also avoids excessive computational load on network equipment and increased computational resource consumption, thereby improving the efficiency of user handover.

[0151] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the method also includes:

[0152] Step 401: Determine the latest handover time for the user based on the user's cross-satellite handover duration and the satellite service end time for each user within the beam coverage area.

[0153] In implementation, since the cross-satellite handover process also consumes a certain amount of time, after determining the satellite service end time for each user within the beamwidth coverage area, the network equipment can further determine the latest handover time based on the satellite service end time and the user's cross-satellite handover duration. Then, by triggering the user handover before the latest handover time, the network equipment can ensure that the user has switched to an adjacent satellite before the user's satellite service end time arrives, thus guaranteeing service continuity. Specifically, the latest handover time is determined by subtracting the user's cross-satellite handover duration T1 from the user's satellite service end time.

[0154] The user's cross-satellite handover duration T1 includes the total latency caused by control plane processing and data plane processing during the cross-satellite handover.

[0155] Step 402: Construct the first information table.

[0156] The first information table contains the user identifier of the user within the waveband coverage area and the latest time of user handover.

[0157] In implementation, when network devices encounter the latest handover time for each user within the satellite's coverage area across different frequency bands, they construct and maintain a table called the first information table. This first information table records the latest handover time for each user within the satellite's coverage area, along with the user's identifier to differentiate and mark the latest handover time. Specifically, this first information table is represented as list1. The table format of list1 is shown in Table 1 below. When a new user joins the satellite network, the network device can add the new user identifier and the latest handover time of that new user to list1. When an existing user disconnects from the satellite, the network device can also delete the existing user's identifier and the user's latest handover time from list1.

[0158] Table 1

[0159]

[0160] List1 records data by user, including the user's identifier and the latest time the user switched over.

[0161] In this embodiment, the latest handover time for the user is determined based on the user's cross-satellite handover duration and the end time of the user's satellite service. Then, the latest handover time is recorded in the maintained first information table to trigger cross-satellite handover based on the latest time information recorded in the first information table, thereby avoiding omissions in cross-satellite handover and improving the success rate of user cross-satellite handover.

[0162] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, when a single satellite supports parallel processing of multiple user handovers, it indicates that the satellite can simultaneously handle inter-satellite handovers for multiple users. During the inter-satellite handover process, the network device also maintains a table to record users who need to perform inter-satellite handovers according to the handover cycle. Therefore, the method also includes:

[0163] Step 501: Take the time when the first user accesses the satellite as the start time of the first switching cycle, and construct a second information table containing multiple switching cycles based on the preset cycle duration and the start time of the first switching cycle.

[0164] In implementation, the network device uses T3 as the handover period and periodically predicts the handover times of multiple users within multiple (e.g., M, where M is a positive integer) handover periods T3. Specifically, T3 ≥ T1 (user inter-satellite handover duration). The network device takes the time when the first user accesses the satellite as the start time of the first handover period and begins to divide multiple T3 periods. Based on the obtained multiple handover periods T3, a second information table containing multiple handover periods is constructed. The second information table records the users who need to undergo handover within each handover period. The second information table is represented as list2, and its table format is shown in Table 2 below. Initially, when the second information table is created, the list of users included in each handover period is empty, i.e., it does not contain any user identifiers.

[0165] Table 2

[0166]

[0167] In list2, each switching cycle has a corresponding cycle number, and each switching cycle records the start time of the switching cycle. Furthermore, after continuously updating the second information table, each switching cycle in the second information table will contain the user identifier of the user who needs to switch.

[0168] Step 502: Based on the latest switching time of each user contained in the first information table, assign the user identifier corresponding to each user to the user list corresponding to each switching cycle in the second information table.

[0169] In implementation, the network device establishes a relationship between the first information table and the second information table, updating the user information in the second information table through the first information table. Specifically, the network device, based on the latest handover time of each user contained in the first information table, assigns the user identifier corresponding to each user to the user list corresponding to each handover period in the second information table. For example, taking the first handover period in the second information table as an example, when the start time of the first handover period in the second information table arrives, i.e., when list2 is just created, the network device updates the user identifiers falling into the first handover period to the user list of the first handover period in list2 according to the latest handover time of each user contained in the first information table.

[0170] Step 503: When the start time of the current switching cycle is reached, the cross-satellite switching process for each user in the user list corresponding to the current switching cycle is triggered.

[0171] In implementation, during each handover cycle contained in the second information table, when the start time of the current handover cycle is reached, the network device triggers a cross-satellite handover process for each user in the user list corresponding to the current handover cycle. For example, when the start time of the i-th (i>1) handover cycle (which is also the end time of the (i-1)-th cycle) is reached, all parameters of the (i-1)-th cycle are deleted from table list2, and parameters of the (i+M-1)-th cycle are added, including the start time of the (i+M-1)-th cycle and an empty user list. Then, according to step 502, the network device updates the "user list" from the i-th cycle to the (i+M-1)-th cycle in table list2. After updating table list2, for all users appearing in the user list of the i-th cycle, the user's cross-satellite handover process is triggered. The specific cross-satellite handover process initiated by the network device to the current satellite and neighboring satellites will be described in detail in the following embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0172] In this embodiment, by maintaining a first information table and a second information table, the latest time of user handover for each user is recorded, thereby triggering the user's cross-satellite handover process and ensuring the overall success rate of cross-satellite handover.

[0173] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, the network device, based on the latest handover time of each user contained in the first information table, assigns the user identifier corresponding to each user to the user list corresponding to each handover cycle in the second information table, so as to trigger the cross-satellite handover process based on the second information table. That is, the specific processing of step 502 includes:

[0174] Step 601: Iterate through the latest user switch time for each user contained in the first information table.

[0175] In implementation, the network device iterates through the latest handover time for each user in the first information table. The second information table has already defined handover cycles, with each cycle corresponding to a handover time interval. Therefore, the network device queries and confirms which handover cycle and its corresponding time interval in the second information table the latest handover time for each user falls into.

[0176] Step 602: For each user, if the latest time of the user's switch is within the first target switch period of the second information table, add the user's user ID to the user list corresponding to the first target switch period.

[0177] The first target switching cycle is any one of the switching cycles in the second information table.

[0178] In implementation, for each user in the first information table, the latest handover time is queried sequentially. If the latest handover time of the current user falls within the first target handover period in the second information table, the network device adds the user's identifier to the user list corresponding to the first target handover period in the second information table. That is, the latest handover time of each user in table list1 is traversed. If the user's latest handover time falls within the j-th period (1≤j≤M), the user's identifier is added to the user list of period number j in table list2. This completes the assignment of each user in the first information table to the user lists of different handover periods in the second information table.

[0179] Optionally, the user list corresponding to each first target switching cycle in the initial second information table is empty. However, as the latest user switching time of each user in the first information table falls after each first target switching cycle, a user identifier is added to the user list corresponding to each first target switching cycle.

[0180] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, since the number of user handover processes that can be processed in parallel by a single satellite is limited, further processing is required for the user lists included in each handover cycle in the second information table. Therefore, the method further includes:

[0181] Step 701: Traverse each switching cycle contained in the second information table in descending order of cycle number.

[0182] In practice, each switching period in the second information table has a corresponding period number. The network device traverses each switching period contained in the second information table in descending order of the period number and checks the user list in each switching period in turn.

[0183] Step 702: If the number of user identifiers in the user list corresponding to the second target switching cycle is greater than the number of user switching processes that a single satellite can support in parallel processing, the user identifiers of each user included in the second target switching cycle are sorted according to a preset sorting rule to obtain a user sequence.

[0184] In implementation, among the handover cycles included in the second information table, there exists a second target handover cycle. The number of user identifiers in the user list corresponding to this second target handover cycle exceeds the number of processes that a single satellite can support in parallel processing. That is, at this point, for the user list corresponding to the second target handover cycle, the current satellite cannot complete the cross-satellite handover for all users in the user list at once. Therefore, network equipment is needed to assist in filtering each user in this user list. Consequently, the network equipment sorts the user identifiers of all users within the second target handover cycle based on a preset sorting rule, obtaining a sorted user sequence.

[0185] Step 703: Retain the user identifiers of the first target number of users in the user sequence, delete the first user identifier of the subsequent users in the user sequence, and add the first user identifier to the user list corresponding to the previous switching cycle of the second target switching cycle.

[0186] The target number is equal to the number of user switching processes that a single satellite supports in parallel processing.

[0187] In implementation, for the sorted user sequence, the network device retains the user identifiers of the first target number of users in the user sequence, and deletes the first user identifier of subsequent users in the user sequence corresponding to the current second target handover cycle. The target number of retained user identifiers is equal to the number of user handover processes supported by a single satellite, to ensure that the satellite can complete the user handover for the retained users in one go. The deleted first user identifier is added to the user list corresponding to the previous handover cycle of the second target handover cycle by the network device, to ensure that users with the deleted first user identifier can also receive cross-satellite handover in a timely manner. Furthermore, this allocation of cross-satellite handovers ensures that the workload of cross-satellite handovers is balanced across handover cycles. For example, if the number of processes supported by a single satellite in parallel processing is N, and the current traversal cycle is the j-th cycle. If the number of user identifiers in the j-th cycle exceeds N, then the user identifiers of the first N users in the sorted user sequence of the j-th cycle are retained in the user list of the j-th cycle, and the user identifiers of other users are deleted from the user list of the j-th cycle and attempted to be added to the user list of the (j-1)-th cycle.

[0188] Optionally, if during the second target switching cycle, the number of users in the user list exceeds the number N of processes N that a single satellite can support for parallel user switching, and there is no previous switching cycle in the second target switching cycle (i.e., no switching cycle with a smaller cycle number than the current second target switching cycle can be found in the second information table), then the user identifiers of all users sorted after N will be deleted from the user sequence of the current second target switching cycle, and these users will be subsequently migrated to the adjacent target satellite to be switched through redirection.

[0189] In one exemplary embodiment, the preset sorting rule used for sorting the user list within the second target switching period includes at least one of a sorting rule based on business priority and a sorting rule based on the latest time of user switching.

[0190] In implementation, network devices can select at least one of the preset sorting rules to sort the user list corresponding to the second target switching cycle based on current business needs or actual business processing conditions. This disclosure does not limit this aspect.

[0191] Specifically, the application process of the sorting rules based on business priority and the sorting rules based on the latest time of user switching is described:

[0192] For applications of sorting rules based on business priorities: In an exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 8 As shown, the specific processing steps of step 702 include:

[0193] Step 801: Sort the user identifiers of each user included in the second target switching cycle in descending order of business priority.

[0194] In implementation, the sorting rule based on service priority means that users are first arranged in descending order of service priority. For users with the same service priority, they are then arranged in descending order of the latest handover time. Therefore, the network device sorts the user identifiers of each user included in the second target handover cycle in descending order of service priority.

[0195] Optionally, the service priority in this disclosure can be determined based on one or more parameters among the following: the 5QI (5G Quality of Service Indicator) priority of the user service, the ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) priority of the user service, the slice identifier of the user service, the user's access category, and the user's access identity. This disclosure does not specify the type or number of parameters for determining the service priority.

[0196] Step 802: If there are users with the same business priority, sort the users with the same business priority in descending order of the latest time of user switching to obtain the user sequence.

[0197] In practice, if there are at least two users with the same service priority, the network device sorts these users with the same service priority in descending order according to the latest time of user handover, and merges the sorted user sequence into the overall user sequence to obtain the final user sequence.

[0198] In this embodiment, users in the user list included in the second handover cycle are sorted according to the service priority principle. When the network device's ability to process satellite user handover is limited, the density of user handover can be distributed in each handover cycle, allowing users with lower service priority to handover earlier, thus ensuring the overall handover success rate.

[0199] Application of sorting rules based on the latest time of user switching: In an exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 9 As shown, the specific processing steps of step 702 include:

[0200] Step 901: Sort the user identifiers of each user included in the second target switching cycle in descending order of the latest user switching time.

[0201] In implementation, sorting users according to their latest handover time is essentially following a time priority principle. This principle means that users are first arranged in descending order of their latest handover time. For users with the same latest handover time, they are then arranged in descending order of service priority. Therefore, the network device sorts the user identifiers of each user included in the second target handover cycle in descending order of their latest handover time.

[0202] Step 902: If there are users with the same latest user switching time, sort the users with the same business priority in descending order to obtain the user sequence.

[0203] In practice, if there are at least two users with the same latest handover time, the network device sorts these users in descending order of service priority, and merges the sorted user sequences into the overall user sequence to obtain the final user sequence.

[0204] In this embodiment, users in the user list included in the second handover period are sorted according to the time priority principle. When the network device's ability to process satellite user handover is limited, the density of user handover can be distributed in the time domain, giving priority to users with earlier satellite service times to handover earlier, thus ensuring the overall handover success rate.

[0205] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 10 As shown, the method also includes:

[0206] Step 1001: If the first target user whose latest time of user switching occurs exists in the first information table, or the second target user whose communication connection with the satellite has been disconnected, delete the user identifiers of the first target user and the second target user from the second information table.

[0207] In implementation, if a first target user exists in the first information table whose latest handover time has been updated, it indicates that the information of that first target user in the original record is invalid, and the network device deletes the user identifier of that first target user from the second information table. For a second target user in the first information table who has lost communication with the satellite, it indicates that there is no longer a need for cross-satellite handover for that second target user, therefore, the user identifier of that second target user is also deleted from the second information table.

[0208] Step 1002: If the second information table does not contain the user identifier of the third target user who has already accessed the satellite, then perform the step of assigning the user identifier corresponding to each user to the user list corresponding to each switching cycle in the second information table based on the latest user handover time of each user contained in the first information table.

[0209] In implementation, if a third target user who has already accessed the satellite but has not been added to the second information table is involved, then the user identifier of the third target user and the latest time of user handover for the third target user are added to the user list of the target handover period corresponding to the second information table. That is, the execution process is similar to step 502 above. For example, if the latest time of handover for the third target user falls within the j-th period in the second information table, i≤j≤i+M-1 (the last handover period contained in the second information table), then the user identifier is added to the user list corresponding to the period number j in the second information table.

[0210] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 11 As shown, the specific processing steps of step 503 include:

[0211] Step 1101: When the start time of the current handover period is reached, for each user in the user list corresponding to the current handover period, a user handover request is initiated to one or more neighboring satellites.

[0212] In practice, when the start time of the current handover period arrives, the network device initiates a handover request to one or more neighboring satellites for each user in the user list corresponding to the current handover period. The neighboring satellites then provide handover request feedback information based on the user handover request and their own attribute conditions.

[0213] Step 1102: Receive user handover request feedback information from multiple neighboring satellites, and based on the user handover request feedback information, filter out the target satellite for user handover and send a notification message to the user's user equipment.

[0214] The notification message is used to instruct user equipment to switch from the current satellite to the target satellite.

[0215] In implementation, the network device receives user handover request feedback information from multiple neighboring satellites, and based on the user handover request feedback information provided by each neighboring satellite, filters out the target satellite for user handover, and then sends a notification message to the user's user equipment to notify the user to switch from the current satellite to the target satellite.

[0216] In one exemplary implementation, such as Figure 12 As shown, when the major axis length of the bandgap coverage area is greater than a preset distance threshold, the network device will calculate the end time of satellite service for each user within the bandgap coverage area within the predicted time interval. The process of determining this predicted time interval includes the following steps:

[0217] Step 1201: Based on the satellite ephemeris and satellite orbital parameters, determine the speed at which the satellite's nadir point moves on the ground.

[0218] In implementation, network equipment determines the speed at which the satellite's nadir point moves on the ground based on satellite ephemeris and orbital parameters. This speed is denoted by V. sat express.

[0219] Step 1202: Based on the moving speed, the range parameters within the beam position coverage area, and the end time of the first satellite service, predict the target time interval where the satellite service end time for each user within the beam position coverage area is located.

[0220] In implementation, the network device obtains the offset of the target time interval based on the ratio of the major axis length to the moving speed in the range parameters, including a first offset deltaT1 and a second offset deltaT2. Both deltaT1 and deltaT2 can be set to 0.5*d. longAxis / V sat Among them, d longAxis V represents the length of the major axis of the area covered by the wave position. sat This represents the speed at which the satellite's nadir point moves on the ground. Then, the network device obtains the lower threshold t0-deltaT1 of the target time interval based on the difference between the first satellite service end time t0 and the first offset deltaT1; the network device obtains the upper threshold t0+deltaT2 of the target time interval based on the sum of the first satellite service end time t0 and the second offset deltaT2. Thus, a target time interval (t0-deltaT1, t0+deltaT2) containing both the lower and upper thresholds is obtained. After estimating the target time interval, the satellite service end time for each user is calculated within this target time interval. The specific calculation process has been described in detail in step 302 of the above embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0221] In this embodiment, the network device estimates a time interval so that, based on the satellite ephemeris within that time interval, it can distinguish the location information of each user and calculate the end time of satellite service for each user. This ensures that satellite positions are derived only from satellite ephemeris within the estimated time interval, reducing the computational load on the network device.

[0222] In one embodiment, this disclosure provides a specific example process for calculating the end time of a user's satellite service, the example process including:

[0223] Assuming a satellite's wavelength distribution and user distribution within that wavelength, such as Figure 13 As shown. In Figure 13 In the diagram, satellite beam 1 illuminates the ground at position 1, and satellite beam 2 illuminates the ground at position 2. Network equipment calculates the major axis length d of the coverage area of ​​position 1 based on the beamwidth of beam 1 and the maximum elevation angle used by beam 1 in the low-Earth orbit satellite system. longAxisBeam1 The range parameters of the coverage area of ​​beam 1 corresponding to beam 1 are obtained by determining the minor axis length and center position. Then, the network device calculates the satellite service end time t0 of the center position of the coverage area of ​​beam 1 based on the range parameters of the coverage area of ​​beam 1 and the satellite ephemeris. beaml Furthermore, the network equipment calculates the major axis length d of the coverage area of ​​beam 2 based on the beamwidth of beam 2 and the maximum elevation angle used by beam 2 in the low-Earth orbit satellite system. longAxisBeam2 The range parameters of the coverage area of ​​beam 2 corresponding to beam 2 are obtained by determining the minor axis length and center position. Then, the network device calculates the satellite service end time (i.e., the first satellite service end time) t0 at the center position of the coverage area of ​​beam 2 based on the center position of the beam 2 coverage area and the satellite ephemeris. beam2 The network device has a preset distance threshold D1. The satellite's nadir point moves at a speed of V on the ground. sat .

[0224] Wavelength 1 covers users UE1 and UE2. Wavelength 2 covers users UE3, UE4 and UE5.

[0225] For wave position 1, assume that the major axis d of the area covered by wave position 1 is... longAxisBeam1 If the distance is less than the distance threshold D1, then the network device does not need to derive the satellite service end time of UE1 and UE2 based on the locations of UE1 and UE2 respectively. Instead, it sets the satellite service end time of both UE1 and UE2 to t0. beaml .

[0226] For wave position 2, assume that the major axis d of the area covered by wave position 2 is... longAxisBeam2If the distance exceeds the preset distance threshold D1, the network device needs to differentiate the location of each user to deduce the end time of their satellite service. Based on the calculation strategy and the end time of the first satellite service, the network device calculates the end time of satellite service for each user within the band coverage area. This involves first determining the estimated target time interval for the band coverage area, and then determining the location information of each user and the target time interval (t0). beam2 -0.5*d longAxisBeam2 / V sat ,t0 beam2 +0.5*d longAxisBeam2 / V sat Based on the satellite ephemeris within the coverage area and the comparison between the major axis length of the beam position coverage area and the distance threshold D1, the calculation strategy is determined to correspond to the second calculation strategy. Therefore, based on the range parameter of the beam position coverage area and the satellite movement speed in the satellite ephemeris, the satellite service end time for each user is calculated, i.e., the satellite service end time t for UE3 is derived respectively. UE3 UE4's satellite service end time t UE4 UE5 satellite service end time t UE5 .

[0227] If UE1 within wavelet 1 reports new location information, the network device does not need to recalculate the satellite service end time of UE1.

[0228] If UE3 within waveband 2 reports new location information, the network device needs to recalculate the satellite service end time of UE3 based on the latest location information reported by UE3.

[0229] After providing a specific example of the process for calculating the end time of satellite service for users, the following detailed explanation is given regarding the process by which subsequent network equipment estimates the latest handover time for each user within the coverage area of ​​each band, including:

[0230] The network device obtains the satellite service end time for all users under the satellite. The satellite service end time for UE1 and UE2 is t0. beaml The satellite service for UE3 ends at time t. UE3 The satellite service for UE4 ends at time t. UE4 The satellite service for UE5 ends at time t. UE5 .

[0231] The latest handover time for UE1, UE2, UE3, UE4, and UE5 is obtained by subtracting the user's inter-satellite handover duration T1 from the end time of the user's satellite service. Therefore, the latest handover times for UE1, UE2, UE3, UE4, and UE5 are respectively (t0... beaml -T1), (t0) beaml -T1), (t UE3-T1), (t UE4 -T1), (t UE5 -T1), a specific example of the first information table at this time is shown in Table 3:

[0232] Table 3

[0233]

[0234] At the start of a cycle, the network device estimates the latest handover time for each user based on the latest handover time for each user and the number of user handover processes that can be processed in parallel for a single satellite.

[0235] Assume the current time t current This is the start time of the i-th cycle, and assuming the latest handover time from UE1 to UE5, the distribution over M (assuming M = 4) cycles is as follows: Figure 14 As shown, by Figure 14 It can be seen that the latest handover times for UE1, UE2, UE3, and UE5 fall within one of the periods from period i to period i+3. Since the latest handover time for UE4 is after the end of period i+3, it is not within the range of the four periods considered at the current time. Therefore, the handover time for UE4 will be estimated when the start time of the next period arrives.

[0236] Assuming the network device can handle at most one user's inter-satellite handover for a single satellite (N=1), then according to the invention description, period i+1 contains two users (UE1 and UE2), and one user needs to be selected from UE1 and UE2 to migrate to period i. Assuming UE1 has established a 5QI1 flow service and UE2 has established a 5QI6 flow service, 5QI1 has a higher priority than 5QI6, therefore UE1's service priority is higher than UE2's service priority. At this point, according to the service priority principle, UE2 is moved from period i+1 to period i. Then, the contents of the second information table list2 are shown in Table 4:

[0237] Table 4

[0238]

[0239] Based on list2, the network device determines that only UE2 will be triggered to perform cross-satellite handover in the i-th cycle, and the network device immediately triggers the handover process for UE2.

[0240] It should be understood that, although Figures 2 to 12 The steps in the flowchart are shown sequentially as indicated by the arrows, but these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified herein, there is no strict order in which these steps are executed, and they can be performed in other orders. Figures 2 to 12 At least some of the steps in the process may include multiple steps or multiple stages. These steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but may be executed at different times. The execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but may be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least some of the steps or stages in other steps.

[0241] In one embodiment, such as Figure 15 As shown, a cross-satellite switching device is provided, comprising: a first determining module 1501, a second determining module 1502, and a calculation module 1503, wherein:

[0242] The first determining module 1501 is used to determine the range parameters of the wave position coverage area corresponding to each wave position of the satellite; the range parameters include the center position and major axis length of the coverage area of ​​each wave position.

[0243] The second determining module 1502 is used to determine the first satellite service end time corresponding to the center position of the wavelet coverage area based on the satellite ephemeris and the center position of the wavelet coverage area.

[0244] The calculation module 1503 is used to determine the calculation strategy for the satellite service end time based on the comparison result between the major axis length of the wavelet coverage area and the preset distance threshold, and to calculate the satellite service end time for each user in the wavelet coverage area based on the calculation strategy and the first satellite service end time; the satellite service end time is used to perform cross-satellite handover for users.

[0245] In one embodiment, the calculation module 1503 is specifically used to determine the first satellite service end time as the satellite service end time of each user in the beam coverage area if the major axis length of the beam coverage area is less than or equal to the distance threshold.

[0246] If the major axis length of the bandgap coverage area is greater than the distance threshold, the satellite service end time for each user in the bandgap coverage area within the target time interval is predicted based on the range parameters of the bandgap coverage area and the satellite's moving speed.

[0247] In one embodiment, the device further includes:

[0248] The third determining module is used to determine the latest time for user handover based on the user's cross-satellite handover duration and the end time of satellite service for each user within the beam position coverage area;

[0249] The first construction module is used to construct the first information table, which contains the user identifier of the user within the wave coverage area and the latest time of user handover.

[0250] In one embodiment, where a single satellite supports parallel processing of multiple user handovers, the device further includes:

[0251] The second construction module is used to take the time when the first user accesses the satellite as the start time of the first switching cycle, and construct a second information table containing multiple switching cycles based on the preset cycle duration and the start time of the first switching cycle.

[0252] The partitioning module is used to partition the user identifiers corresponding to each user into the user lists corresponding to each switching cycle in the second information table based on the latest switching time of each user contained in the first information table.

[0253] The trigger module is used to trigger the cross-satellite handover process for each user in the user list corresponding to the current handover period when the start time of the current handover period is reached.

[0254] In one embodiment, the partitioning module is specifically used to traverse the latest user switch time for each user contained in the first information table;

[0255] For each user, if the latest time of the user's switch is within the first target switch period of the second information table, the user's user ID will be added to the user list corresponding to the first target switch period.

[0256] The first target switching cycle is any one of the switching cycles in the second information table.

[0257] In one embodiment, the device further includes:

[0258] The traversal query module is used to traverse each switching cycle contained in the second information table in descending order of cycle number;

[0259] The sorting module is used to sort the user identifiers of each user in the second target switching period according to a preset sorting rule when the number of user identifiers in the user list corresponding to the second target switching period is greater than the number of user switching processes that a single satellite can support in parallel processing, so as to obtain a user sequence.

[0260] The deletion module is used to retain the user identifiers of the first target number of users in the user sequence, delete the first user identifier of the subsequent users in the user sequence, and add the first user identifier to the user list corresponding to the previous switching cycle of the second target switching cycle.

[0261] The target number is equal to the number of user switching processes that a single satellite supports in parallel processing.

[0262] In one embodiment, the preset sorting rule includes at least one of a sorting rule based on business priority and a sorting rule based on the latest time of user switching.

[0263] In one embodiment, the sorting module is specifically used to sort the user identifiers of each user included in the second target switching cycle in descending order of business priority;

[0264] If there are users with the same business priority, sort the users with the same business priority in descending order of the latest time of user switching to obtain the user sequence.

[0265] In one embodiment, the sorting module is specifically used to sort the user identifiers of each user included in the second target switching period in descending order of the latest time of user switching.

[0266] If there are users with the same latest user switching time, sort the users with the same business priority in descending order to obtain the user sequence.

[0267] In one embodiment, the device further includes:

[0268] The deletion module is used to delete the user identifiers of the first target user and the second target user from the second information table if the first information table contains a first target user whose latest time of user switching is updated or a second target user whose communication connection with the satellite is disconnected.

[0269] The execution module is used to perform the following steps if, for a third target user who has already accessed the satellite, the user identifier of the third target user is not included in the second information table: based on the latest time of user handover for each user included in the first information table, the user identifier corresponding to each user is assigned to the user list corresponding to each handover cycle in the second information table.

[0270] In one embodiment, the triggering module is specifically used to initiate a user handover request to one or more neighboring satellites for each user in the user list corresponding to the current handover period when the start time of the current handover period is reached.

[0271] It receives user handover request feedback information from multiple nearby satellites, and based on the user handover request feedback information, filters out the target satellite for user handover and sends a notification message to the user's user equipment;

[0272] The notification message is used to instruct user equipment to switch from the current satellite to the target satellite.

[0273] In one embodiment, the calculation module 1503 is specifically used to determine the speed at which the satellite's nadir point moves on the ground based on the satellite ephemeris and satellite orbit parameters.

[0274] Based on the moving speed, the range parameters within the beam position coverage area, and the end time of the first satellite service, predict the target time interval where the satellite service end time for each user within the beam position coverage area will be located.

[0275] It should be noted that the apparatus provided in this embodiment of the invention can implement all the method steps implemented in the above method embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect. Therefore, the parts and beneficial effects that are the same as those in the method embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0276] The network device involved in this application embodiment can be a base station, which may include multiple cells providing services to terminals. Depending on the specific application, the base station may also be called an access point, or a device in the access network that communicates with wireless terminal devices through one or more sectors on the air interface, or other names. The network device can be used to exchange received air frames with Internet Protocol (IP) packets, acting as a router between the wireless terminal device and the rest of the access network, where the rest of the access network may include an Internet Protocol (IP) communication network. The network device can also coordinate the attribute management of the air interface. For example, the network device involved in this application embodiment can be an evolved Node B (eNB or e-NodeB) in a long term evolution (LTE) system, a 5G base station (gNB) in a next generation system, or a Home evolved Node B (HeNB), relay node, femto, pico, network testing equipment, etc., and is not limited in this application embodiment. In some network architectures, network devices may include centralized unit (CU) nodes and distributed unit (DU) nodes, which may also be geographically separated.

[0277] In one embodiment, such as Figure 16 As shown, it includes a memory 1620, a transceiver 1610, and a processor 1600;

[0278] The memory 1620 is used to store computer programs; the transceiver is used to send and receive data under the control of the processor; and the processor is used to read the computer programs from the memory and perform the following operations:

[0279] Determine the range parameters of the coverage area of ​​each wavefront corresponding to the satellite; the range parameters include the center position and major axis length of the coverage area of ​​each wavefront;

[0280] Based on the satellite ephemeris and the center position of the wavelet coverage area, determine the first satellite service end time corresponding to the center position of the wavelet coverage area;

[0281] Based on the comparison results between the major axis length of the beam position coverage area and the preset distance threshold, the calculation strategy for the satellite service end time is determined. Based on the calculation strategy and the first satellite service end time, the satellite service end time for each user in the beam position coverage area is calculated. The satellite service end time is used to perform cross-satellite handover for users.

[0282] In one embodiment, based on a calculation strategy and the first satellite service end time, the satellite service end time for each user within the beam coverage area is calculated, including:

[0283] If the major axis length of the band coverage area is less than or equal to the distance threshold, the end time of the first satellite service will be determined as the end time of satellite service for each user within the band coverage area.

[0284] If the major axis length of the bandgap coverage area is greater than the distance threshold, the satellite service end time for each user in the bandgap coverage area within the target time interval is predicted based on the range parameters of the bandgap coverage area and the satellite's moving speed.

[0285] In one embodiment, the processor 1600 is further configured to read a computer program from memory and perform the following operations:

[0286] The latest handover time for a user is determined based on the user's cross-satellite handover duration and the end time of satellite service for each user within the beam position coverage area;

[0287] Construct a first information table, which contains the user identifier of the user within the waveband coverage area and the latest time of user handover.

[0288] In one embodiment, where a single satellite supports parallel processing of multiple user handovers, the processor 1600 is also configured to read a computer program from memory and perform the following operations:

[0289] The time when the first user accesses the satellite is taken as the start time of the first handover cycle. Based on the preset cycle duration and the start time of the first handover cycle, a second information table containing multiple handover cycles is constructed.

[0290] Based on the latest user switching time of each user contained in the first information table, the user identifiers corresponding to each user are assigned to the user lists corresponding to each switching period in the second information table.

[0291] When the start time of the current switching cycle is reached, the cross-satellite switching process for each user in the user list corresponding to the current switching cycle is triggered.

[0292] In one embodiment, based on the latest switching time of each user contained in the first information table, the user identifier corresponding to each user is assigned to the user list corresponding to each switching period in the second information table, including:

[0293] Iterate through the latest user switch time for each user contained in the first information table;

[0294] For each user, if the latest time of user switching is within the first target switching period of the second information table, the user's user ID is added to the user list corresponding to the first target switching period.

[0295] The first target switching cycle is any one of the switching cycles in the second information table.

[0296] In one embodiment, the processor 1600 is further configured to read a computer program from memory and perform the following operations:

[0297] Traverse each switching cycle contained in the second information table in descending order of cycle number;

[0298] If the number of user identifiers in the user list corresponding to the second target switching cycle is greater than the number of user switching processes that a single satellite can support in parallel processing, the user identifiers of each user included in the second target switching cycle are sorted according to a preset sorting rule to obtain a user sequence.

[0299] Retain the user identifiers of the first target number of users in the user sequence, delete the first user identifier of the subsequent users in the user sequence, and add the first user identifier to the user list corresponding to the previous switching cycle of the second target switching cycle;

[0300] The target number is equal to the number of user switching processes that a single satellite supports in parallel processing.

[0301] In one embodiment, the preset sorting rule includes at least one of a sorting rule based on business priority and a sorting rule based on the latest time of user switching.

[0302] In one embodiment, based on a preset sorting rule, the user identifiers of each user included in the second target switching cycle are sorted to obtain a user sequence, including:

[0303] The user identifiers of each user included in the second target switching cycle are sorted in descending order of business priority;

[0304] If there are users with the same business priority, sort the users with the same business priority in descending order of the latest time of user switching to obtain the user sequence.

[0305] In one embodiment, based on a preset sorting rule, the user identifiers of each user included in the second target switching cycle are sorted to obtain a user sequence, including:

[0306] The user identifiers of each user included in the second target switching cycle are sorted in descending order of time priority;

[0307] If there are users with the same latest user switching time, sort the users with the same business priority in descending order to obtain the user sequence.

[0308] In one embodiment, the processor 1600 is further configured to read a computer program from memory and perform the following operations:

[0309] If the first target user whose latest user switchover occurred or the second target user whose communication connection with the satellite was disconnected exists in the first information table, delete the user identifiers of the first target user and the second target user from the second information table.

[0310] If the user identifier of a third target user who has already accessed the satellite is not included in the second information table, then the step of assigning the user identifier corresponding to each user to the user list corresponding to each switching cycle in the second information table is performed based on the latest user handover time of each user included in the first information table.

[0311] In one embodiment, when the start time of the current handover period is reached, a cross-satellite handover process for the user list corresponding to the current handover period is triggered, including:

[0312] When the start time of the current handover cycle is reached, a user handover request is sent to one or more neighboring satellites for each user in the user list corresponding to the current handover cycle.

[0313] It receives user handover request feedback information from multiple nearby satellites, and based on the user handover request feedback information, filters out the target satellite for user handover and sends a notification message to the user's user equipment;

[0314] The notification message is used to instruct user equipment to switch from the current satellite to the target satellite.

[0315] In one embodiment, if the major axis length of the wave position coverage area is greater than the distance threshold, the processor 1600 is further configured to read the computer program in memory and perform the following operations:

[0316] Based on satellite ephemeris and satellite orbital parameters, determine the speed at which the satellite's nadir point moves on the ground.

[0317] Based on the moving speed, the range parameters within the beam position coverage area, and the end time of the first satellite service, predict the target time interval where the satellite service end time for each user within the beam position coverage area will be located.

[0318] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0319] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0320] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A cross-satellite handover method, characterized in that, The method is applied to a network device, and the method includes... Determine the range parameters of the coverage area of ​​each wave position corresponding to the satellite; the range parameters include the center position and major axis length of the coverage area of ​​each wave position; Based on the satellite ephemeris and the center position of the wavelet coverage area, determine the first satellite service end time corresponding to the center position of the wavelet coverage area; Based on the comparison between the major axis length of the wavelength coverage area and the preset distance threshold, a calculation strategy for the satellite service end time is determined, and based on the calculation strategy and the first satellite service end time, the satellite service end time for each user within the wavelength coverage area is calculated; the satellite service end time is used for user cross-satellite handover.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of calculating the satellite service end time for each user within the beamwidth coverage area based on the calculation strategy and the first satellite service end time includes: If the major axis length of the wavelength coverage area is less than or equal to the distance threshold, the first satellite service end time is determined as the satellite service end time for each user within the wavelength coverage area. If the major axis length of the wavelength coverage area is greater than the distance threshold, the satellite service end time for each user in the wavelength coverage area within the target time interval is predicted based on the range parameter of the wavelength coverage area and the satellite moving speed.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: The latest handover time for a user is determined based on the user's cross-satellite handover duration and the end time of satellite service for each user within the coverage area of ​​the wavelet. Construct a first information table, which contains the user identifier of the user within the coverage area of ​​the wave position and the latest time of the user's handover.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, When a single satellite supports parallel processing of multiple user handovers, the method further includes: The time when the first user accesses the satellite is taken as the start time of the first switching cycle. Based on the preset cycle duration and the start time of the first switching cycle, a second information table containing multiple switching cycles is constructed. Based on the latest switching time of each user contained in the first information table, the user identifiers corresponding to each user are assigned to the user lists corresponding to each switching cycle in the second information table; When the start time of the current switching cycle is reached, a cross-satellite switching process is triggered for each user in the user list corresponding to the current switching cycle.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of assigning the user identifiers corresponding to each user to the user list corresponding to each switching cycle in the second information table based on the latest switching time of each user contained in the first information table includes: Iterate through the latest user switch time for each user contained in the first information table; For each user, if the latest time of the user's switch is within the first target switching period of the second information table, the user's user identifier is added to the user list corresponding to the first target switching period. The first target switching cycle is any one of the switching cycles in the second information table.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: According to the cycle number in descending order, traverse each switching cycle contained in the second information table; If the number of user identifiers in the user list corresponding to the second target switching cycle is greater than the number of user switching processes that a single satellite can support in parallel processing, the user identifiers of each user included in the second target switching cycle are sorted according to a preset sorting rule to obtain a user sequence. Retain the user identifiers of the first target number of users in the user sequence, delete the first user identifiers of the subsequent users in the user sequence, and add the first user identifiers to the user list corresponding to the previous switching cycle of the second target switching cycle; The target number is equal to the number of user switching processes that a single satellite supports in parallel processing.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The preset sorting rules include at least one of the following: a sorting rule based on business priority and a sorting rule based on the latest time of user switching.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The user sequence is obtained by sorting the user identifiers of each user included in the second target switching cycle based on a preset sorting rule, including: The user identifiers of each user included in the second target switching cycle are sorted in descending order of business priority; If there are users with the same service priority, sort the users with the same service priority in descending order of the latest time of user switching to obtain a user sequence.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The user sequence is obtained by sorting the user identifiers of each user included in the second target switching cycle based on a preset sorting rule, including: The user identifiers of each user included in the second target switching period are sorted in descending order of the latest user switching time; If there are users with the same latest user switching time, sort the users with the same service priority in descending order to obtain a user sequence.

10. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the first information table contains a first target user whose latest user switching time has been updated or a second target user whose communication connection with the satellite has been disconnected, the user identifiers of the first target user and the second target user shall be deleted from the second information table. If the second information table does not contain the user identifier of the third target user who has already accessed the satellite, then the step of assigning the user identifier corresponding to each user to the user list corresponding to each switching cycle in the second information table based on the latest user switching time of each user contained in the first information table is executed.

11. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the start time of the current switching cycle is reached, the cross-satellite switching process is triggered for each user in the user list corresponding to the current switching cycle, including: When the start time of the current handover period is reached, for each user in the user list corresponding to the current handover period, a user handover request is initiated to one or more neighboring satellites; Receive user handover request feedback information from the plurality of neighboring satellites, and based on the user handover request feedback information, filter out the target satellite for user handover for the user, and send a notification message to the user's user equipment; The notification message is used to instruct the user equipment to switch from the current satellite to the target satellite.

12. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, If the major axis length of the wave position coverage area is greater than the distance threshold, the method further includes: Based on the satellite ephemeris and satellite orbit parameters, determine the speed at which the satellite's nadir point moves on the ground. Based on the moving speed, the range parameter within the wavelength coverage area, and the end time of the first satellite service, predict the target time interval where the end time of the satellite service for each user within the wavelength coverage area is located.

13. A cross-satellite switching device, characterized in that, The device is used in a network device, and the device includes: The first determining module is used to determine the range parameters of the wave position coverage area corresponding to each wave position of the satellite; the range parameters include the center position and major axis length of the coverage area of ​​each wave position; The second determining module is used to determine the first satellite service end time corresponding to the center position of the wavelet coverage area based on the satellite ephemeris and the center position of the wavelet coverage area. The calculation module is used to determine the calculation strategy for the satellite service end time based on the comparison result between the major axis length of the wavelength coverage area and the preset distance threshold, and to calculate the satellite service end time for each user in the wavelength coverage area based on the calculation strategy and the first satellite service end time; the satellite service end time is used to perform cross-satellite handover for users.

14. A network device, characterized in that, include: Memory, transceiver, and processor; The memory is used to store computer programs; the transceiver is used to send and receive data under the control of the processor; the processor is used to read the computer programs in the memory and perform the following operations: Determine the range parameters of the coverage area of ​​each wave position corresponding to the satellite; the range parameters include the center position and major axis length of the coverage area of ​​each wave position; Based on the satellite ephemeris and the center position of the wavelet coverage area, determine the first satellite service end time corresponding to the center position of the wavelet coverage area; Based on the comparison between the major axis length of the wavelength coverage area and the preset distance threshold, a calculation strategy for the satellite service end time is determined, and based on the calculation strategy and the first satellite service end time, the satellite service end time for each user within the wavelength coverage area is calculated; the satellite service end time is used for user cross-satellite handover.

15. The network device according to claim 14, characterized in that, The step of calculating the satellite service end time for each user within the beamwidth coverage area based on the calculation strategy and the first satellite service end time includes: If the major axis length of the wavelength coverage area is less than or equal to the distance threshold, the first satellite service end time is determined as the satellite service end time for each user within the wavelength coverage area. If the major axis length of the wavelength coverage area is greater than the distance threshold, the satellite service end time for each user in the wavelength coverage area within the target time interval is predicted based on the range parameter of the wavelength coverage area and the satellite moving speed.

16. The network device according to claim 14, characterized in that, The processor is also configured to read the computer program in the memory and perform the following operations: The latest handover time for a user is determined based on the user's cross-satellite handover duration and the end time of satellite service for each user within the coverage area of ​​the wavelet. Construct a first information table, which contains the user identifier of the user within the coverage area of ​​the wave position and the latest time of the user's handover.

17. The network device according to claim 16, characterized in that, In the case where a single satellite supports parallel processing of multiple user handovers, the processor is also used to read the computer program in the memory and perform the following operations: The time when the first user accesses the satellite is taken as the start time of the first switching cycle. Based on the preset cycle duration and the start time of the first switching cycle, a second information table containing multiple switching cycles is constructed. Based on the latest user switching time of each user contained in the first information table, the user identifiers corresponding to each user are assigned to the user lists corresponding to each switching cycle in the second information table. When the start time of the current switching cycle is reached, the cross-satellite switching process for each user in the user list corresponding to the current switching cycle is triggered.

18. The network device according to claim 17, characterized in that, The step of assigning the user identifiers corresponding to each user to the user list corresponding to each switching cycle in the second information table based on the latest switching time of each user contained in the first information table includes: Iterate through the latest user switch time for each user contained in the first information table; For each user, if the latest time of user switching for the user falls within the first target switching period of the second information table, the user's user identifier is added to the user list corresponding to the first target switching period. The first target switching cycle is any one of the switching cycles in the second information table.

19. The network device according to claim 18, characterized in that, The processor is also configured to read the computer program in the memory and perform the following operations: According to the cycle number in descending order, traverse each switching cycle contained in the second information table; If the number of user identifiers in the user list corresponding to the second target switching cycle is greater than the number of user switching processes that a single satellite can support in parallel processing, the user identifiers of each user included in the second target switching cycle are sorted according to a preset sorting rule to obtain a user sequence. Retain the user identifiers of the first target number of users in the user sequence, delete the first user identifiers of the subsequent users in the user sequence, and add the first user identifiers to the user list corresponding to the previous switching cycle of the second target switching cycle; The target number is equal to the number of user switching processes that a single satellite supports in parallel processing.

20. The network device according to claim 19, characterized in that, The preset sorting rules include at least one of the following: a sorting rule based on business priority and a sorting rule based on the latest time of user switching.

21. The network device according to claim 20, characterized in that, The user sequence is obtained by sorting the user identifiers of each user included in the second target switching cycle based on a preset sorting rule, including: The user identifiers of each user included in the second target switching cycle are sorted in descending order of business priority; If there are users with the same service priority, sort the users with the same service priority in descending order of the latest time of user switching to obtain a user sequence.

22. The network device according to claim 20, characterized in that, The user sequence is obtained by sorting the user identifiers of each user included in the second target switching cycle based on a preset sorting rule, including: The user identifiers of each user included in the second target switching cycle are sorted in descending order of time priority; If there are users with the same latest user switching time, sort the users with the same service priority in descending order to obtain a user sequence.

23. The network device according to claim 17, characterized in that, The processor is also configured to read the computer program in the memory and perform the following operations: If the first information table contains a first target user whose latest user switching time has been updated or a second target user whose communication connection with the satellite has been disconnected, the user identifiers of the first target user and the second target user shall be deleted from the second information table. If the second information table does not contain the user identifier of the third target user who has already accessed the satellite, then the step of assigning the user identifier corresponding to each user to the user list corresponding to each switching cycle in the second information table based on the latest user switching time of each user contained in the first information table is executed.

24. The network device according to claim 17, characterized in that, When the start time of the current switching cycle is reached, the cross-satellite switching process for the user list corresponding to the current switching cycle is triggered, including: When the start time of the current switching cycle is reached, for each user in the user list corresponding to the current switching cycle, a user switching request is initiated to one or more neighboring satellites; Receive user handover request feedback information from the plurality of neighboring satellites, and based on the user handover request feedback information, filter out the target satellite for user handover for the user, and send a notification message to the user's user equipment; The notification message is used to instruct the user equipment to switch from the current satellite to the target satellite.

25. The network device according to claim 15, characterized in that, If the major axis length of the wave position coverage area is greater than the distance threshold, the processor is further configured to read the computer program in the memory and perform the following operations: Based on the satellite ephemeris and satellite orbit parameters, determine the speed at which the satellite's nadir point moves on the ground. Based on the moving speed, the range parameter within the wavelength coverage area, and the end time of the first satellite service, predict the target time interval where the end time of the satellite service for each user within the wavelength coverage area is located.

26. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

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