A low-power data packet aggregation transmission method and system for a wireless Bluetooth chip

Abstract

The application discloses a low-power data packet aggregation transmission method and system of a wireless Bluetooth chip, and relates to the technical field of wireless communication. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a connection event energy model according to a transmission power, a wake-up power consumption, a physical layer mode and a connection interval; collecting a received signal strength and a number of error packets during the connection to generate a link quality level and an estimated retransmission number; estimating two energy consumptions of immediate sending and delayed aggregation based on the energy model, the link quality and buffered data; and generating a sending strategy mark combined with a remaining tolerable time delay and a service priority, which indicates sending buffered data in the current connection or performing aggregated sending according to a set aggregation byte amount and an aggregation time window in a subsequent connection. The method fuses energy modeling, link quality and service time delay priority for aggregation scheduling on the chip side, reduces connection energy consumption and improves overall transmission energy efficiency under the premise of meeting time delay constraints.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, specifically to a low-power data packet aggregation and transmission method and system for a wireless Bluetooth chip. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread deployment of wearable devices, smart home terminals, and IoT nodes, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) chips are tasked with continuous connectivity and data transmission under long-term battery power. Existing terminals typically perform a one-time configuration during pairing or initialization using parameters such as transmit power, physical layer mode, and connection interval. During subsequent operation, they often employ a simple strategy of sending data as soon as it becomes available, or relying solely on buffer length and fixed timeouts to trigger packet aggregation. This lack of chip-side evaluation of RF wake-up and transmission overhead at the connection event granularity leads to frequent wake-ups of the RF unit to send small amounts of data when the workload is low or data arrivals are sporadic, resulting in high energy consumption per unit of effective data.

[0003] On the other hand, Bluetooth link quality is affected by terminal location, obstructions, and interference, with received signal strength and packet error rates varying significantly across different time periods. Existing solutions often only compensate for link fluctuations through coarse retransmission mechanisms, failing to actively utilize received signal strength and packet error rates in transmission decisions, and lacking quantitative estimates of the expected number of retransmissions. Maintaining the original transmission rhythm or aggregation strategy when link quality is poor easily introduces additional retransmission overhead; conversely, when link quality is good, there is no comparison and selection between current connection transmission and subsequent connection aggregation transmission based on energy consumption differences, making it difficult to achieve more targeted energy-saving effects.

[0004] Meanwhile, Bluetooth chips typically carry multiple types of service data. Control commands, status reports, and log data differ significantly in latency requirements and priorities. However, existing chips mostly use uniform buffer thresholds and timeout configurations, lacking differentiated processing for the tolerable latency of different services, and rarely adjusting transmission decisions based on service priorities. In summary, existing wireless Bluetooth chips lack a chip-side coordination mechanism for data packet aggregation transmission that comprehensively considers transmit power and connection parameters, link quality and retransmission risks, and buffered data volume and service latency requirements. This prevents a fine-grained trade-off between immediate transmission and delayed aggregation, thus limiting the further realization of low-power potential. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a low-power data packet aggregation and transmission method and system for wireless Bluetooth chips to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a low-power data packet aggregation and transmission method for a wireless Bluetooth chip, comprising: A connection event energy model is established based on the collected transmit power, wake-up power consumption, physical layer mode, and connection interval. During the connection, the received signal strength and the number of packets lost are collected, and the link quality level and estimated number of retransmissions are generated according to preset rules. Based on the connection event energy model, link quality level, estimated retransmission count, and buffered data byte size, generate immediate transmission energy estimates and delayed aggregate transmission energy estimates for the current connection. A transmission strategy flag is generated based on two energy estimates, the remaining tolerable latency, and service priority. When the sending strategy flag points to the immediate sending scheme, data packets are aggregated and sent within the current connection according to the amount of cached data bytes. When the sending strategy flag points to the delayed aggregation sending scheme, data packets are aggregated and sent within subsequent connections according to the set aggregation byte amount and aggregation time window.

[0007] The present invention is further configured such that establishing the connection event energy model includes: An energy index identifier is formed based on a combination of transmit power level, physical layer mode, and connection interval. Associate the energy index identifier with the wake-up energy and basic transmission energy of a single connection event to generate an energy parameter table entry; Based on the current transmit power parameters, physical layer mode, and connection interval, the corresponding energy parameters are read from the energy parameter table to form the basic information for the connection event energy model.

[0008] The present invention is further configured such that the generation of link quality level and estimated retransmission number includes: Within a preset observation window, the received signal strength, the number of received data packets, and the number of erroneous data packets are statistically analyzed to form observation statistics. Link quality levels are determined based on the position of the received signal strength within a preset strength grading range and the ratio between the number of erroneous data packets and the number of received data packets. The estimated number of retransmissions is selected from the pre-stored retransmission calculation relationship based on the link quality level.

[0009] The present invention is further configured such that the generation of immediate transmission energy estimate and delayed aggregate transmission energy estimate is: Based on the basic information of the connection event energy model, the estimated number of retransmissions corresponding to the current cached data byte size and the link quality level, an energy estimate for immediate transmission of the current connection is formed, covering the energy overhead of the single connection event wake-up phase and the cached data transmission phase. Based on the basic information of the energy model corresponding to the next connection event, the current cached data byte size, and the estimated number of retransmissions, a delayed aggregation sending energy estimate is formed, covering the energy overhead of the wake-up phase and the aggregation data sending phase in the aggregation sending scenario.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that the generation of the sending strategy flag includes: Energy consumption difference information is generated based on immediate transmission energy estimation and delayed aggregation transmission energy estimation; Candidate aggregation time window information is generated based on energy consumption difference information and remaining tolerable delay; The system compares the latency constraints given by the candidate aggregation time window information and the service priority to determine whether they meet the latency constraints of the corresponding service. When the candidate aggregation time window information meets the delay constraint and the energy consumption difference information exceeds the preset energy saving threshold, a sending strategy flag pointing to the delayed aggregation sending scheme is generated. When neither condition is met, a sending strategy flag pointing to the immediate sending scheme of the current connection is generated.

[0011] The present invention is further configured such that the set aggregate byte quantity includes: When the sending strategy flag points to the immediate sending scheme for the current connection, the aggregated byte size is formed based on the current cached data byte size; When the sending strategy flag points to the delayed aggregation sending scheme, the candidate aggregation byte size is formed by combining the current cached data byte size and the expected new data byte size within the target aggregation time window; The first byte limit information is formed based on the candidate aggregate byte size and the available space in the transmit buffer, and the second byte limit information is formed based on the candidate aggregate byte size and the maximum effective payload allowed for a single transmission of the wireless link. Based on the first byte size limit information and the second byte size limit information, the candidate aggregate byte size is subjected to a size limit process to form an aggregate byte size.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that the generation of the aggregation time window includes: Set the aggregation time window to zero duration when the sending strategy flag points to the immediate sending scheme for the current connection; When the sending strategy flag points to the delayed aggregation sending scheme, a sequence of candidate aggregation time windows with the connection interval as the step size is formed based on the connection interval and the remaining tolerable delay. Based on business priority, a candidate aggregation time window is selected from the candidate aggregation time window sequence that does not exceed the remaining tolerable latency and does not exceed the maximum aggregation time configuration of the corresponding business. The aggregation time window parameter set is formed based on the candidate aggregation time windows, and the aggregation time window is formed.

[0013] The present invention is further configured such that the data packet scheduling based on aggregated byte size and aggregated time window includes: At the start of the aggregation time window, set the target data byte size for this aggregation based on the aggregation byte size; During the duration of the aggregation time window, data bytes entering the send buffer are accumulated, and an aggregation send is triggered when the accumulated data byte count reaches the aggregate byte count. At the end of the aggregation time window, a round of sending is performed on the remaining data that has not reached the aggregation byte size, so that the accumulated data within the aggregation time window is sent. Under the condition that the aggregation time window is zero, the data is sent according to the cached data byte size in the current connection event.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that the sending strategy flag based on long-term link state adjustment includes: Record the link quality level sequence and the estimated retransmission count sequence within a continuous observation window; Based on the link quality level sequence, the number of times the link quality level appears in the low-level range is counted; based on the estimated retransmission number sequence, the number of times the estimated retransmission number appears in the high-value range is counted. When the number of consecutive occurrences exceeds a preset threshold, the selection of delayed aggregation sending scheme is blocked during the sending strategy tag generation stage, and only the sending strategy tag pointing to the immediate sending scheme of the current connection is retained; Once the link quality information recovers to above the preset quality threshold and the estimated number of retransmissions recovers to below the preset threshold, the shielding is canceled, allowing the selection of the delay aggregation sending scheme to be restored during the sending strategy flag generation phase.

[0015] The present invention also provides a low-power data packet aggregation transmission system for a wireless Bluetooth chip, the system comprising: Connection energy modeling module: Establishes a connection event energy model based on the collected transmit power, wake-up power consumption, physical layer mode and connection interval; Link quality assessment module: Collects received signal strength and packet error count during connection, and generates link quality level and estimated retransmission count according to preset rules; The strategy energy estimation module generates immediate transmission energy estimates and delayed aggregation transmission energy estimates for the current connection based on the connection event energy model, link quality level, estimated retransmission count, and cached data byte size. The strategy determination and generation module generates a transmission strategy flag based on two energy estimation methods, remaining tolerable latency, and service priority. Aggregation scheduling execution module: When the sending policy flag points to the immediate sending scheme, it performs data packet aggregation and sending within the current connection according to the amount of cached data bytes. When the sending policy flag points to the delayed aggregation and sending scheme, it performs data packet aggregation and sending within subsequent connections according to the set aggregation byte amount and aggregation time window.

[0016] This invention provides a low-power data packet aggregation and transmission method and system for a wireless Bluetooth chip. The beneficial effects of this method include: 1. Connectivity event energy modeling to reduce energy consumption of invalid wake-up: A connectivity event energy model is established on the Bluetooth chip side with parameters such as transmit power, physical layer mode and connection interval. The wake-up energy and basic transmission energy of a single connectivity event are quantitatively described, so that the transmission decision no longer depends on fixed configuration or experience threshold, but is selected based on the energy estimation results of specific working conditions. This reduces invalid wake-up and light transmission in low-load and scattered data scenarios, and reduces the energy consumption per unit of effective data. 2. Link quality and retransmission prediction are involved in decision-making to improve the robustness of aggregation strategy: During the connection period, the received signal strength and the number of erroneous packets are statistically analyzed to form the link quality level and the estimated number of retransmissions. This information is then introduced into the energy estimation process of two schemes: immediate transmission and delayed aggregation transmission. This allows the transmission strategy to suppress excessive aggregation when the link quality is poor and the retransmission risk is high, and to make full use of aggregation opportunities when the link quality is good and the retransmission risk is low. Thus, under different link conditions, the energy-saving goal and retransmission cost are taken into account, thereby improving the robustness of the aggregation strategy. 3. Improve overall energy efficiency by combining adaptive aggregation scale and window with service latency and priority: Generate sending strategy flags based on remaining tolerable latency and service priority, set aggregation byte size and aggregation time window, and differentiate between immediate sending of the current connection and aggregation sending of subsequent connections. This allows services with high real-time requirements to receive more timely transmission, while services with high latency tolerance are sent centrally under the premise of meeting constraints. By completing adaptive control of aggregation scale and aggregation time window inside the chip, the overall energy efficiency and resource utilization in multi-service scenarios are improved.

[0017] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings: Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a low-power data packet aggregation and transmission method for a wireless Bluetooth chip, as shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a low-power data packet aggregation transmission system for a wireless Bluetooth chip, as an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings only show the components related to the present invention and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape and size of the components in the actual implementation. In the actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0021] In the following description, numerous details are explored to provide a more thorough explanation of embodiments of the invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other embodiments, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form rather than in detail to avoid obscuring embodiments of the invention.

[0022] Example 1: A low-power data packet aggregation transmission method for a wireless Bluetooth chip, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: A connection event energy model is established based on the collected transmit power, wake-up power consumption, physical layer mode, and connection interval. During the connection, the received signal strength and the number of packets lost are collected, and the link quality level and estimated number of retransmissions are generated according to preset rules. Based on the connection event energy model, link quality level, estimated retransmission count, and buffered data byte size, generate immediate transmission energy estimates and delayed aggregate transmission energy estimates for the current connection. A transmission strategy flag is generated based on two energy estimates, the remaining tolerable latency, and service priority. When the sending strategy flag points to the immediate sending scheme, data packets are aggregated and sent within the current connection according to the amount of cached data bytes. When the sending strategy flag points to the delayed aggregation sending scheme, data packets are aggregated and sent within subsequent connections according to the set aggregation byte amount and aggregation time window.

[0023] The present invention is further configured such that establishing the connection event energy model includes: An energy index identifier is formed based on the combination of transmit power level, physical layer mode, and connection interval. Specifically, during the chip configuration phase, the three types of parameters are enumerated and combined according to the list of transmit power levels, physical layer rate and encoding method combinations, and connection interval configurations supported by the wireless Bluetooth chip. For each combination of transmit power level, physical layer rate and encoding method, and connection interval, a unique number is assigned, which serves as the energy index identifier for the connection event under the corresponding operating condition. A mapping relationship is established between the energy index identifier and the three types of parameters in a preset order, ensuring that any set of parameter configurations can find a unique corresponding energy index identifier in the mapping relationship. The energy index identifier is associated with the wake-up energy and basic transmission energy of a single connection event to generate an energy parameter table entry. Specifically, during the calibration phase, the chip is placed in an experimental environment, and the transmit power level, physical layer rate, encoding method, and connection interval configuration corresponding to each energy index identifier are loaded sequentially. This allows the chip to complete a full process under this parameter combination, from entering a connection event from a sleep state, completing control signaling and minimum data payload transmission, and then returning to an idle state. The power supply current and voltage changes over time during the entire connection event are collected through an external precision sampling circuit or an internal power consumption monitoring unit. Based on the start and end times of the connection event, the sampled data is divided into a wake-up phase and a basic transmission phase. The wake-up energy value is obtained by accumulating the data from the wake-up phase on the time axis, and the basic transmission energy value is obtained by accumulating the data from the basic transmission phase on the time axis. The energy index identifier is then bound to the obtained wake-up energy value and basic transmission energy value to form an energy parameter table entry, which is written to the chip's internal storage area until all operating condition combinations corresponding to the energy index identifiers are covered. Based on the current transmit power parameters, physical layer mode, and connection interval, the corresponding energy parameters are read from the energy parameter table to form the basic information of the connection event energy model. Specifically, during normal chip operation, when the protocol stack or control logic provides the current transmit power level, physical layer rate and encoding method, and connection interval configuration, the corresponding energy index identifier is found in the pre-established mapping relationship based on these three parameters. Then, the corresponding table entry is retrieved from the energy parameter table based on the energy index identifier, and the wake-up energy value and basic transmit energy value bound to the table entry are read. The two are combined to form the basic information of the current connection event energy model, which is used to distinguish the energy differences under different combinations of transmit power, physical layer mode, and connection interval.

[0024] The present invention is further configured such that the generation of link quality level and estimated retransmission number includes: Within a preset observation window, the received signal strength, the number of received data packets, and the number of erroneous data packets are statistically analyzed to form observation statistics. Specifically, the signal strength is obtained by measuring the received signal at each time point using the radio frequency module, while the number of data packets and the number of erroneous packets are obtained by parsing the received data frames from the protocol stack layer. All collected data are organized into an observation statistics set based on timestamps and received event markers. Link quality levels are determined based on the position of the received signal strength within a preset strength grading range and the ratio of the number of erroneous data packets to the number of received data packets. Specifically, according to preset signal strength grading standards, received signal strength data is assigned to different signal strength ranges. A signal strength above a certain threshold is considered a good signal, a medium range is considered a normal signal, and a signal below a minimum threshold is considered a poor signal. Simultaneously, the bit error rate (BER) of the link is evaluated by calculating the ratio of the number of erroneous packets to the number of received data packets within the observation window. If the BER is high, the link quality is classified as poor. Ultimately, the link quality level comprehensively considers both signal strength and BER to form a link quality classification used to describe the current connection status. The estimated number of retransmissions is selected from a pre-stored retransmission statistics table based on the link quality level. Specifically, based on the established link quality level, the corresponding retransmission number is looked up from the pre-stored retransmission statistics table within the chip. This statistical table is established during system initialization using extensive experimental or historical usage data, describing the probability of data packet retransmission under different link quality conditions. Depending on the link quality level, the system selects an appropriate number of retransmissions; for example, a lower estimated number of retransmissions is used when the link quality is "excellent," while a higher estimated number is used when the link quality is "poor." The estimated number of retransmissions is quickly obtained through a table lookup.

[0025] The present invention is further configured such that the generation of immediate transmission energy estimate and delayed aggregate transmission energy estimate is: Based on the fundamental information of the connection event energy model, the current cached data byte size, and the estimated retransmission count corresponding to the link quality level, an immediate transmission energy estimate for the current connection is formed, covering the energy overhead of both the wake-up phase and the cached data transmission phase of a single connection event. Specifically, in the current connection event, firstly, based on the fundamental information of the connection event energy model, such as the connection wake-up energy, the basic transmission energy, and the current cached data byte size, the energy required in immediate transmission mode is calculated. In immediate transmission mode, only the energy consumption of the current connection's wake-up phase and data transmission phase needs to be processed. The current cached data byte size is used as the effective data volume for transmission. Based on known energy parameters, such as the energy during connection event wake-up and the basic energy required to transmit each byte of data, the energy overhead of a single connection event under this data volume is calculated, and the energy estimate for immediate transmission of the current connection is obtained. Based on the energy model information corresponding to the next connection event, the current cached data size in bytes, and the estimated number of retransmissions, a delayed aggregation transmission energy estimate is formed, covering the energy overhead of the wake-up phase and the aggregated data transmission phase in the aggregation transmission scenario. Specifically, based on the energy model information of the next connection event, including wake-up energy and basic transmission energy, combined with the current cached data size in bytes and the estimated number of retransmissions, the energy requirement under the delayed aggregation transmission mode is calculated. In the delayed aggregation mode, data will be transmitted cumulatively over multiple connection events, requiring consideration of future wake-up energy and the energy overhead of multiple data transmission phases. The delayed aggregation mode also needs to consider the additional retransmission overhead caused by poor link quality based on the estimated link quality and the number of retransmissions. Therefore, the delayed aggregation transmission energy estimate covers the wake-up energy and data transmission energy in multiple connection events and estimates the retransmission energy in future transmissions. By comparing the two estimation results, a reasonable transmission decision is made based on the remaining tolerable latency, business requirements, and energy-saving goals. In actual operation, the transmission mode with the best energy efficiency is selected, i.e., immediate transmission or delayed aggregation, to minimize energy consumption while meeting latency and quality requirements.

[0026] The present invention is further configured such that the generation of the sending strategy flag includes: Energy consumption difference information is generated based on the energy estimates for immediate transmission and delayed aggregation transmission. Specifically, the energy consumption difference between the two is calculated based on the generated energy estimates for immediate transmission and delayed aggregation transmission. This difference information reflects the difference in energy consumption between the immediate transmission and delayed aggregation strategies under the current link quality and data volume. The energy consumption difference information is obtained by subtracting the energy estimates for the immediate transmission scheme and the delayed aggregation scheme. The larger the difference, the more significant the energy consumption advantage of the delayed aggregation scheme over the immediate transmission scheme. Candidate aggregation time windows are generated based on energy consumption difference information and remaining tolerable latency. Specifically, a candidate aggregation time window is generated based on the energy consumption difference information and the remaining tolerable latency. The candidate aggregation time window is a time period calculated based on the current available latency and energy consumption difference, reflecting the maximum time range within which the delay aggregation scheme can be effectively executed without exceeding the tolerable latency. If the energy consumption difference is large and the remaining tolerable latency is sufficient, the length of the candidate aggregation time window will be longer, and vice versa. The system compares the candidate aggregation time window information with the latency constraints provided by the service priority to determine whether the latency requirements of the corresponding service are met. Specifically, it compares the latency constraints of each service with the length of the candidate aggregation time window to determine whether the candidate window meets the latency requirements of the corresponding service. If the candidate aggregation time window can meet the latency requirements of the service, and the energy consumption advantage of delayed aggregation is obvious, the delayed aggregation strategy will be preferred. When the candidate aggregation time window information meets the latency constraint and the energy consumption difference exceeds the preset energy-saving threshold, a transmission strategy flag pointing to the delayed aggregation transmission scheme is generated. If neither condition is met, a transmission strategy flag pointing to the immediate transmission scheme for the current connection is generated. Specifically, based on the calculation results of the above steps, if the candidate aggregation time window meets the latency constraint and the energy consumption difference exceeds the preset energy-saving threshold, a transmission strategy flag pointing to the delayed aggregation transmission scheme is generated. If neither condition is met, such as latency exceeding the limit or insufficient energy difference, a transmission strategy flag pointing to the immediate transmission scheme for the current connection is generated, ensuring that the most energy-efficient transmission method is selected based on the current actual conditions.

[0027] The present invention is further configured such that the set aggregate byte quantity includes: When the send policy flag points to the immediate send scheme for the current connection, the aggregated byte size is formed based on the current cached data byte size. Specifically, when the send policy flag points to the immediate send scheme for the current connection, the aggregated byte size is determined based on the current cached data byte size. In the immediate send scheme, there is no aggregation process for subsequent connection events, so the aggregated byte size is directly equal to the amount of data to be sent in the current cache. The total number of bytes of current data is read from the data buffer and used as the aggregated byte size for this connection. This ensures that data transmission is completed within the current connection event, avoiding unnecessary delays. When the sending strategy flag points to the delayed aggregation sending scheme, a candidate aggregation byte size is formed by combining the current cached data byte size and the expected increase in data bytes within the target aggregation time window. Specifically, when the sending strategy flag points to the delayed aggregation sending scheme, a preliminary candidate aggregation byte size is first generated based on the current cached data byte size. This is then combined with the expected increase in data bytes within the target aggregation time window to obtain a final candidate aggregation byte size. The candidate byte size reflects the data that is expected to be aggregated within the target time window under the delayed aggregation strategy. The first byte size limit is formed based on the candidate aggregated byte size and the available space in the transmit buffer. The second byte size limit is formed based on the candidate aggregated byte size and the maximum allowable payload per transmission of the wireless link. Specifically, based on the candidate aggregated byte size, a limit is applied. First, the available space in the transmit buffer is checked, and the first byte size limit is formed based on this space, indicating that the current available space limits the maximum amount of data that can be transmitted. Then, the second byte size limit is formed based on the maximum payload limit of the wireless link, i.e., the maximum number of bytes allowed to be transmitted in each transmission. This limit ensures that data packets do not exceed the link's transmission capacity, preventing overflow. Based on the first and second byte size limits, the candidate aggregated byte sizes are subjected to clipping to form the aggregated byte size. Specifically, the candidate aggregated byte sizes are clipped according to the first and second byte size limits, and the smaller limit value is selected as the final aggregated byte size. This ensures that the data packet size meets both the space limit of the sending buffer and the link transmission capacity. By correcting the candidate byte size, it is ensured that the actual amount of data sent will not exceed the system's physical constraints.

[0028] The present invention is further configured such that the generation of the aggregation time window includes: When the sending policy flag points to the immediate sending scheme for the current connection, the aggregation time window is set to zero duration. Specifically, when the sending policy flag points to the immediate sending scheme for the current connection, the aggregation time window is directly set to zero duration. Under the immediate sending scheme, no delay or aggregation process is considered; instead, currently cached data is processed first. Therefore, the aggregation time window does not need to consider subsequent data accumulation and sending; it only needs to immediately send the currently cached data. At this time, the aggregation time window is set to zero duration to ensure that data can be sent as quickly as possible within the current connection event. When the sending strategy flag points to the delayed aggregation sending scheme, a sequence of candidate aggregation time windows is generated based on the connection interval and the remaining tolerable delay, with the connection interval as the step size. Specifically, when the sending strategy flag points to the delayed aggregation sending scheme, a sequence of candidate aggregation time windows is generated based on the connection interval and the remaining tolerable delay. The connection interval determines the time interval of each connection event, while the remaining tolerable delay limits the maximum aggregation time that the system can accept. Therefore, by segmenting the remaining tolerable delay and using the connection interval as the step size, a series of candidate aggregation time windows are generated, with the length of each time window corresponding to the actual available delay range. These candidate window sequences reflect the optimal time period for the system to perform delayed aggregation without exceeding the tolerable delay. Based on service priority, candidate aggregation time windows are selected from the candidate aggregation time window sequence that do not exceed the remaining tolerable latency and the maximum aggregation time configuration for the corresponding service. Specifically, after generating the candidate aggregation time window sequence, an appropriate aggregation time window is selected based on the priority of each service. Different services have different latency tolerances. Services with high real-time requirements, such as control commands, require shorter aggregation time windows, while services with higher latency tolerance, such as log reporting, can choose longer aggregation time windows. Based on the service priority and the corresponding maximum aggregation time configuration, candidate aggregation time windows that do not exceed the remaining tolerable latency and meet the maximum aggregation time requirements of the service are selected. This step optimizes the selection of aggregation time windows under the latency constraints of different services. The system generates an aggregation time window parameter set based on candidate aggregation time windows. Specifically, the system transforms candidate aggregation time windows into an aggregation time window parameter set. This parameter set includes the start time, end time, and duration of the aggregation time window. Based on these parameters, the system forms the final aggregation time window and uses it as the basis for data transmission scheduling. This ensures that the final selected aggregation time window not only meets latency constraints but also rationally schedules subsequent data transmission, optimizing overall energy efficiency and latency requirements.

[0029] The present invention is further configured such that the data packet scheduling based on aggregated byte size and aggregated time window includes: At the start of the aggregation time window, the target data byte size for this aggregation is set based on the aggregated byte size. Specifically, at the start of the aggregation time window, the target data byte size for this aggregation is set based on the previously calculated aggregated byte size. At the start of the connection event, the target data byte size is equal to the current buffered data byte size. This target byte size is determined based on the current connection's sending strategy and determines the number of bytes to be sent within this time window. During the aggregation time window, data bytes entering the send buffer are accumulated. When the accumulated data byte count reaches the aggregated byte count, an aggregation send is triggered. Specifically, after the aggregation time window begins, data bytes entering the send buffer will gradually accumulate. Whenever a new data packet arrives, its byte count is added to the current total accumulated byte count until the accumulated byte count reaches the aggregated byte count. When the accumulated byte count reaches the target aggregated byte count, an aggregation send operation is performed. The amount of data in the send buffer is monitored in real time, and the accumulated byte count is updated every moment to ensure that the send operation is triggered at the appropriate time. At the end of the aggregation time window, a round of transmission is performed on the remaining data that has not reached the aggregation byte count, ensuring that all accumulated data within the aggregation time window has been transmitted. Specifically, when the aggregation time window ends, the buffer is checked for any unsent remaining data. If the accumulated byte count has not reached the predetermined target for aggregation byte count, a final data transmission is performed on the remaining data to ensure that data transmission is completed at the end of the window even if the data is not fully aggregated, thus avoiding data loss and ensuring that all data within the aggregation time window is transmitted. When the aggregation time window is zero, data is sent immediately within the current connection event according to the cached data bytes. Specifically, when the aggregation time window is zero, no delay is performed, and data transmission is executed immediately. In this case, data is sent directly according to the cached data bytes without waiting for additional aggregation time. This is suitable for applications requiring immediate response, ensuring that data can be sent quickly without waiting time.

[0030] The present invention is further configured such that the sending strategy flag based on long-term link state adjustment includes: Within a continuous observation window, a sequence of link quality levels and an estimated retransmission count sequence are recorded. Specifically, within each observation window, information such as received signal strength and packet error count are first collected. The link quality level is determined through analysis of this data and is classified into multiple levels, such as excellent, average, and poor, by comparing it with a preset quality standard. Simultaneously, the estimated retransmission count is predicted based on link quality and historical transmission data, forming an estimated retransmission count sequence. Through continuous observation, a series of link quality levels and estimated retransmission counts are generated within each observation window. The calculation involves counting the number of times a link quality level occurs consistently in the low-quality range based on the link quality level sequence, and counting the number of times an estimated retransmission count occurs consistently in the high-quality range based on the estimated retransmission count sequence. Specifically, based on the recorded link quality level sequence and estimated retransmission count sequence, the calculation begins by counting the number of times they occur consistently. For the link quality level sequence, the calculation counts the number of times a low quality level (e.g., poor quality) occurs consistently; for the estimated retransmission count sequence, the calculation counts the number of times an estimated retransmission count occurs consistently in the high-quality range (e.g., high retransmission count). The purpose of this calculation is to understand the fluctuation trends of link quality and retransmission count, and to determine whether the link is in a poor state. If the link quality remains at a low level for a prolonged period or the estimated retransmission count remains high for a prolonged period, it may lead to frequent retransmissions and high energy consumption. When the number of consecutive retransmissions exceeds a preset threshold, the selection of delayed aggregation sending schemes is disabled during the sending policy flag generation phase, and only the sending policy flag pointing to the immediate sending scheme for the current connection is retained. Specifically, when the link quality continuously exceeds the preset threshold number of times in the low-level range, or when the estimated retransmission count continuously exceeds the preset threshold number of times in the high-value range, the sending policy flag will be adjusted. The delayed aggregation sending scheme will be disabled, and only the sending policy flag pointing to the immediate sending scheme for the current connection will be retained. This is because, under conditions of poor link quality or high retransmission count, delayed aggregation may lead to higher energy consumption and retransmission overhead, while immediate sending can reduce link load and ensure timely transmission. Once the link quality information recovers to above a preset quality threshold and the estimated retransmission count falls below a preset threshold, the blocking is lifted, allowing the selection of the delayed aggregation transmission scheme to resume during the transmission policy tag generation phase. Specifically, when the link quality information recovers to above a preset quality threshold and the estimated retransmission count falls below a preset threshold, the blocking of the delayed aggregation transmission scheme is lifted. The transmission policy tag generation phase then resumes the selection of the delayed aggregation transmission scheme. At this point, the link quality has improved, the retransmission count has decreased, and the delayed aggregation transmission scheme becomes feasible. It can fully utilize connection events for data aggregation while ensuring energy efficiency, thus reducing energy consumption.

[0031] Example 2: Please see Figure 2 This exemplary low-power data packet aggregation transmission system for a wireless Bluetooth chip includes: Connection energy modeling module: Establishes a connection event energy model based on the collected transmit power, wake-up power consumption, physical layer mode and connection interval; Link quality assessment module: Collects received signal strength and packet error count during connection, and generates link quality level and estimated retransmission count according to preset rules; The strategy energy estimation module generates immediate transmission energy estimates and delayed aggregation transmission energy estimates for the current connection based on the connection event energy model, link quality level, estimated retransmission count, and cached data byte size. The strategy determination and generation module generates a transmission strategy flag based on two energy estimation methods, remaining tolerable latency, and service priority. Aggregation scheduling execution module: When the sending policy flag points to the immediate sending scheme, it performs data packet aggregation and sending within the current connection according to the amount of cached data bytes. When the sending policy flag points to the delayed aggregation and sending scheme, it performs data packet aggregation and sending within subsequent connections according to the set aggregation byte amount and aggregation time window.

[0032] It should be noted that the low-power data packet aggregation and transmission system for a wireless Bluetooth chip provided in the above embodiments and the low-power data packet aggregation and transmission method for a wireless Bluetooth chip provided in the above embodiments belong to the same concept. The specific ways in which each module and unit performs its operations have been described in detail in the method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. In practical applications, the low-power data packet aggregation and transmission system for a wireless Bluetooth chip provided in the above embodiments can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the system can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above, and this is not a limitation here.

[0033] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A low-power data packet aggregation and transmission method for a wireless Bluetooth chip, characterized in that, include: A connection event energy model is established based on the collected transmit power, wake-up power consumption, physical layer mode, and connection interval. Establishing the connection event energy model includes: forming energy index identifiers based on the combination of transmit power level, physical layer mode, and connection interval; associating the energy index identifiers with the wake-up energy and basic transmission energy of a single connection event to generate energy parameter table entries; and reading the corresponding energy parameters from the energy parameter table based on the current transmit power parameters, physical layer mode, and connection interval to form the basic information of the connection event energy model. Generating energy parameter table entries includes: during the calibration phase, sequentially loading the parameter configurations corresponding to each energy index identifier onto the chip, enabling the chip to complete the entire process from sleep state to connection event, complete minimum data payload transmission, and then return to idle state; collecting energy data from the wake-up phase and basic transmission phase during this complete process; and binding the energy index identifiers with the collected wake-up energy values ​​and basic transmission energy values ​​and writing them into the chip's storage area. During the connection period, the received signal strength and the number of erroneous packets are collected, and the link quality level and estimated retransmission count are generated according to preset rules. The generation of link quality level and estimated retransmission count includes: statistically analyzing the received signal strength, the number of received data packets, and the number of erroneous data packets within a preset observation window to form observation statistics; classifying the link quality level based on the position of the received signal strength in the preset strength grading interval and the ratio between the number of erroneous data packets and the number of received data packets; and selecting the estimated retransmission count from the pre-stored retransmission calculation relationship based on the link quality level. Based on the basic information of the connection event energy model, the current cached data byte size, and the estimated number of retransmissions corresponding to the link quality level, an immediate transmission energy estimate for the current connection is formed, covering the energy overhead of the wake-up phase and the cached data transmission phase of a single connection event; based on the basic information of the energy model corresponding to the next connection event, the current cached data byte size, and the estimated number of retransmissions, a delayed aggregate transmission energy estimate is formed, covering the energy overhead of the wake-up phase and the aggregated data transmission phase in the aggregate transmission scenario. Energy consumption difference information is generated based on the energy estimation of immediate transmission and the energy estimation of delayed aggregation transmission; candidate aggregation time window information is generated based on the energy consumption difference information and the remaining tolerable latency; the latency constraint conditions of the corresponding service are compared with the latency constraint information given by the service priority based on the candidate aggregation time window information; when the latency constraint conditions are met and the energy consumption difference information exceeds the preset energy saving threshold, a transmission strategy flag pointing to the delayed aggregation transmission scheme is generated; when neither condition is met, a transmission strategy flag pointing to the immediate transmission scheme of the current connection is generated. Generating the aggregation time window includes: setting the aggregation time window to zero duration when the sending policy flag points to the immediate sending scheme for the current connection; forming a candidate aggregation time window sequence with the connection interval as the step size based on the connection interval and the remaining tolerable delay when the sending policy flag points to the delayed aggregation sending scheme; selecting candidate aggregation time windows from the candidate aggregation time window sequence based on the service priority, with a minimum remaining tolerable delay and a minimum aggregation time configuration for the corresponding service; and forming an aggregation time window parameter set based on the candidate aggregation time windows to form the aggregation time window. When the sending strategy flag points to the immediate sending scheme, data packets are aggregated and sent within the current connection according to the amount of cached data bytes. When the sending strategy flag points to the delayed aggregation sending scheme, data packets are aggregated and sent within subsequent connections according to the set aggregation byte amount and aggregation time window.

2. The low-power data packet aggregation and transmission method for a wireless Bluetooth chip according to claim 1, characterized in that, Setting the aggregate byte size includes: When the sending strategy flag points to the immediate sending scheme for the current connection, the aggregated byte size is formed based on the current cached data byte size; When the sending strategy flag points to the delayed aggregation sending scheme, the candidate aggregation byte size is formed by combining the current cached data byte size and the expected new data byte size within the target aggregation time window; The first byte limit information is formed based on the candidate aggregate byte size and the available space in the transmit buffer, and the second byte limit information is formed based on the candidate aggregate byte size and the maximum effective payload allowed for a single transmission of the wireless link. Based on the first byte size limit information and the second byte size limit information, the candidate aggregate byte size is subjected to a size limit process to form an aggregate byte size.

3. The low-power data packet aggregation and transmission method for a wireless Bluetooth chip according to claim 1, characterized in that, Data packets scheduled based on aggregated byte size and aggregated time window include: At the start of the aggregation time window, set the target data byte size for this aggregation based on the aggregation byte size; During the duration of the aggregation time window, data bytes entering the send buffer are accumulated, and an aggregation send is triggered when the accumulated data byte count reaches the aggregate byte count. At the end of the aggregation time window, a round of sending is performed on the remaining data that has not reached the aggregation byte size, so that the accumulated data within the aggregation time window is sent. Under the condition that the aggregation time window is zero, the data is sent according to the cached data byte size in the current connection event.

4. The low-power data packet aggregation and transmission method for a wireless Bluetooth chip according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flags for adjusting the transmission strategy based on long-term link state include: Record the link quality level sequence and the estimated retransmission count sequence within a continuous observation window; Based on the link quality level sequence, the number of times the link quality level appears in the low-level range is counted; based on the estimated retransmission number sequence, the number of times the estimated retransmission number appears in the high-value range is counted. When the number of consecutive occurrences exceeds a preset threshold, the selection of delayed aggregation sending scheme is blocked during the sending strategy tag generation stage, and only the sending strategy tag pointing to the immediate sending scheme of the current connection is retained; Once the link quality information recovers to above the preset quality threshold and the estimated number of retransmissions recovers to below the preset threshold, the shielding is canceled, allowing the selection of the delay aggregation sending scheme to be restored during the sending strategy flag generation phase.

5. A low-power data packet aggregation and transmission system for a wireless Bluetooth chip, used to implement the low-power data packet aggregation and transmission method for a wireless Bluetooth chip as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, include: Connection energy modeling module: Establishes a connection event energy model based on the collected transmit power, wake-up power consumption, physical layer mode and connection interval; Link quality assessment module: Collects received signal strength and packet error count during connection, and generates link quality level and estimated retransmission count according to preset rules; The strategy energy estimation module generates immediate transmission energy estimates and delayed aggregation transmission energy estimates for the current connection based on the connection event energy model, link quality level, estimated retransmission count, and cached data byte size. The strategy determination and generation module generates a transmission strategy flag based on two energy estimation methods, remaining tolerable latency, and service priority. Aggregation scheduling execution module: When the sending policy flag points to the immediate sending scheme, it performs data packet aggregation and sending within the current connection according to the amount of cached data bytes. When the sending policy flag points to the delayed aggregation and sending scheme, it performs data packet aggregation and sending within subsequent connections according to the set aggregation byte amount and aggregation time window.

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