Sex attractant for lygus lucorum and application of sex attractant

Abstract

The invention discloses a sex attractant for lygus lucorum and application of the sex attractant. The sex attractant is prepared from 4-oxo-trans-2-hexenal and hexanoic acid-trans-2-hexenyl ester, and the mass ratio of the 4-oxo-trans-2-hexenal to the hexanoic acid-trans-2-hexenyl ester is (1: 20) to (1: 1). The attractant shows remarkable attraction activity to male aphidius giganteus, the average trapping amount reaches 82 aphidius giganteus / 3 days, the effect of the attractant is obviously superior to that of a single component and other matching combinations, and the attractant has the advantages of being high in attraction efficiency, good in stability, low in cost and the like. The product can be used for field population dynamic monitoring, occurrence period prediction and forecast and directional trapping regulation and control of the lygus lucorum, provides an effective chemical ecological means for scientific protection and utilization of the important natural enemy insect, and has important application value for promoting biological control of pests such as cotton aphid and comprehensive treatment of agricultural pests.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of biological control technology for agricultural pests, specifically to a sex attractant for the black-eating aphid mirid bug and its use in monitoring natural enemy insects and in field applications. Background Technology

[0002] The black-eating mirid bug (Deraeocoris punctulatus Fall), belonging to the family Miridae in the order Hemiptera, is a predatory natural enemy insect widely distributed across Eurasia. This insect, measuring 3.8-4.6 mm in length, primarily inhabits alfalfa fields, cotton fields, and other agricultural ecosystems. The black-eating mirid bug is an important natural enemy of various aphids, including the cotton aphid and the peach aphid, with a maximum daily predation rate of up to 84.03 aphids and an instantaneous attack rate of 0.8584. Surveys in cotton-growing areas of Xinjiang have found that the black-eating mirid bug ranks first among all predatory natural enemies in cotton fields. Research has confirmed that the rational protection and utilization of this natural enemy can reduce the use of chemical pesticides in cotton fields by more than 30%.

[0003] Aphids are a major agricultural pest worldwide, causing significant economic losses annually. Taking the cotton aphid as an example, this pest causes cotton leaves to curl and growth to be stunted by sucking plant sap, resulting in yield reductions of over 30% in severe cases. It also transmits various plant viral diseases. Traditional control methods rely primarily on chemical pesticides, but long-term, excessive use has led to increased pesticide resistance in pests, mass mortality of natural enemies, environmental pollution, and excessive pesticide residues in agricultural products. Utilizing natural enemy insects for biological control is a crucial approach to achieving sustainable pest management. The black-eating mirid bug, a dominant natural enemy of aphids, is of great significance for reducing chemical pesticide use and building an environmentally friendly control system.

[0004] However, the development and utilization of the black-eating aphid mirid bug still faces technical bottlenecks. First, there is a lack of effective monitoring methods. Traditional field surveys rely on manual netting or visual counting, which is labor-intensive and inefficient, making it difficult to accurately grasp the occurrence dynamics, population changes, and spatial distribution patterns of natural enemies. This fails to provide a scientific basis for protective control and often leads to conflicts between pesticide application time and the peak period of natural enemies, resulting in significant losses of natural enemy resources. Second, there is a lack of targeted field utilization technology. Release-based biological control requires the accurate placement of natural enemies in key areas of pest occurrence and allowing them to remain for a sufficient time to exert a control effect. However, currently, the main method is artificial release followed by natural dispersal. Natural enemies often disperse or migrate out of the target crop field, failing to form effective aggregations in high-incidence areas, thus significantly reducing control effectiveness. Insect sex pheromones have advantages such as strong interspecific specificity, low effective concentration, and environmental friendliness, and have been widely used in pest monitoring and control. However, there are currently no research reports on the composition and application technology of sex pheromones for the black-eating aphid mirid bug. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop sex pheromone products for the black-eating aphid mirid bug and establish a technology system for monitoring, trapping, and targeted field control of natural enemies based on chemical pheromones, so as to provide technical support for giving full play to the biological control potential of this natural enemy and promoting the development of green pest control technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a sex attractant for the black-eating aphid mirid bug and its application technology, for monitoring, attracting, and targeted field control of this natural enemy insect.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a sex attractant for the black-eating aphid mirid bug, wherein the sex attractant comprises 4-oxo-trans-2-hexenal and hexanoic acid-trans-2-hexenyl ester.

[0007] Optionally, in the attractant, the mass ratio of 4-oxo-trans-2-hexenal to hexanoic acid-trans-2-hexenyl ester is 1:20 to 1:1;

[0008] Preferably, in the attractant, the mass ratio of 4-oxo-trans-2-hexenal to hexanoic acid-trans-2-hexenyl ester is 1:4, and the dosage is 10-50 mg;

[0009] Optimally, in the attractant, the mass ratio of 4-oxo-trans-2-hexenal to hexanoic acid-trans-2-hexenyl ester is 1:4, and the dosage is 25 mg.

[0010] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a sex attractant lure for the black aphid mirid bug. Specifically, a certain amount of 4-oxo-trans-2-hexenal and hexanoic acid-trans-2-hexenyl ester are dissolved in corn oil to prepare a stock solution of a certain concentration. The stock solution is then added to a small black polyethylene bottle, thoroughly mixed, and the bottle is sealed. The bottle is then stored in a -20°C refrigerator away from light for later use, thus obtaining a lure containing the sex attractant for the black aphid mirid bug.

[0011] Another aspect of the present invention provides the application of a sex pheromone for the black-eating aphid mirid bug in the monitoring, trapping, and targeted field control of the black-eating aphid mirid bug. Specifically, the pheromone containing the aforementioned lure is loaded into a trap and suspended at the location where the black-eating aphid mirid bug occurs; the number of traps is recorded periodically to clarify its population dynamics.

[0012] The advantages of this invention are:

[0013] 1. It can accurately monitor the occurrence dynamics and population size of black-eating aphids and mirid bugs, grasp the distribution patterns of natural enemy resources, provide a scientific basis for protective control and rational pesticide application, avoid resource losses caused by the application of chemical pesticides during the peak period of natural enemies, and save monitoring costs;

[0014] 2. It can be used for targeted field control, accurately gathering released natural enemies to key areas where pests occur and prolonging their residence time, thus significantly improving the effectiveness of biological control;

[0015] 3. The attractant components provided by this invention are inexpensive and readily available, the preparation method is simple, the lure core cost is low, and it is suitable for widespread application and promotion.

[0016] 4. The attractant of the present invention is harmless to humans and animals, environmentally friendly, and in line with the concept of green pest control, providing a new technical approach for the protection and utilization of natural enemy insects and the sustainable management of pests. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the examples, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.

[0018] From August 11 to September 8, 2024, a trapping effect screening experiment was conducted in cotton fields in Alar City, Xinjiang. Triangular traps were selected, with three replicates for each treatment. The traps were spaced at least 20 meters apart to avoid interference. The lure was suspended at a height of approximately 1 meter above the ground, which is adapted to the main activity height of adult black aphid mirid bugs. During the experiment, the trapping results were investigated every three days on average, and the number of black aphid mirid bugs captured in each trap was recorded. New sticky traps were also used to maintain the trapping effect. To eliminate the influence of field location effects and environmental factors, the positions of the traps were randomly changed after each investigation.

[0019] Example 1

[0020] A sex attractant for the black-eating aphid mirid bug, comprising the following components: 1 mg of 4-oxo-trans-2-hexenal and 20 mg of hexanoic acid-trans-2-hexenyl ester.

[0021] Example 2

[0022] A sex attractant for the black-eating aphid mirid bug, comprising the following components: 5 mg of 4-oxo-trans-2-hexenal and 20 mg of hexanoic acid-trans-2-hexenyl ester.

[0023] Example 3

[0024] A sex attractant for the black-eating mirid bug, comprising the following components: 10 mg of 4-oxo-trans-2-hexenal and 20 mg of hexanoic acid-trans-2-hexenyl ester.

[0025] Example 4

[0026] A sex attractant for the black-eating mirid bug, comprising the following components: 15 mg of 4-oxo-trans-2-hexenal and 20 mg of hexanoic acid-trans-2-hexenyl ester.

[0027] Example 5

[0028] A sex attractant for the black-eating mirid bug, comprising the following components: 20 mg of 4-oxo-trans-2-hexenal and 20 mg of hexanoic acid-trans-2-hexenyl ester.

[0029] Example 6

[0030] A sex attractant for the black-eating mirid bug, comprising the following components: 2 mg of 4-oxo-trans-2-hexenal and 8 mg of hexanoic acid-trans-2-hexenyl ester.

[0031] Example 7

[0032] A sex attractant for the black-eating mirid bug, comprising the following components: 8 mg of 4-oxo-trans-2-hexenal and 32 mg of hexanoic acid-trans-2-hexenyl ester.

[0033] Example 8

[0034] A sex attractant for the black-eating mirid bug, comprising the following components: 10 mg of 4-oxo-trans-2-hexenal and 40 mg of hexanoic acid-trans-2-hexenyl ester.

[0035] Two single-component controls (CK1 and CK2) and a blank control (CK3) were also set up. The table below shows the components and average number of traps in the specific examples:

[0036] Table 1

[0037]

[0038] Note: The data in the table are the average trapping count per trap every 3 days ± standard error. Different letters indicate the number of male insects trapped at the 0.05 level.

[0039] This invention systematically evaluated the trapping effect of different ratios and dosages of pheromone attractants for black aphid mirid bugs through field trapping experiments. The results showed that the mass ratio of 4-oxo-trans-2-hexenal to hexanoic acid-trans-2-hexenal ester significantly affected the trapping effect. Under similar total dosage conditions (Examples 1-5), the trapping effect was optimal when the mass ratio of the two components was 1:4. Example 2 achieved an average trapping count of 82.00±8.08 aphids, significantly higher than Example 5 (14.33±2.40 aphids) and Example 1 (19.67±4.91 aphids). The trapping counts of the single component and the blank control (CK1-CK3) were all 0, indicating that the synergistic effect of the two components is a necessary condition for effective trapping.

[0040] Based on the established optimal mass ratio of 1:4, the effect of different total doses on the trapping effect was further investigated. Example 6 (total dose 10 mg) had an average trapping count of 43.33 ± 3.18 individuals; Example 2 (total dose 25 mg) had an average trapping count of 82.00 ± 8.08 individuals; and Examples 7 (total dose 40 mg) and 8 (total dose 50 mg) had average trapping counts of 76.67 ± 4.81 individuals and 82.67 ± 6.57 individuals, respectively. The results showed that the trapping effects of 25 mg and 50 mg doses were comparable and optimal, both significantly higher than the 10 mg dose. Considering both trapping effect and cost, the optimal formulation was determined to be 5 mg of 4-oxo-trans-2-hexenal, 20 mg of hexanoic acid-trans-2-hexenal ester, a total dose of 25 mg, and a mass ratio of 1:4.

[0041] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely specific examples of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and any variations that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sex pheromone for the black-eating aphid mirid bug, characterized in that, The sex attractant is composed of 4-oxo-trans-2-hexenal and hexanoic acid-trans-2-hexenyl ester.

2. The sex pheromone attractant for black aphid mirid bugs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of 4-oxo-trans-2-hexenal to hexanoic acid-trans-2-hexenyl ester is 1:20 to 1:

1.

3. The sex pheromone attractant for black aphid mirid bugs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dosage of 4-oxo-trans-2-hexenal and hexanoic acid-trans-2-hexenyl ester is 25-50 mg per core.

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