A high-speed railway prefabricated part form stripping device and form stripping method

Abstract

The application provides a high-speed railway prefabricated part formwork removing device and method, relates to the technical field of prefabricated part formwork removing, and aims to solve the problems of easy damage to the formwork and the prefabricated part and low efficiency of traditional crowbar formwork removing. The device comprises a base, a side formwork, a top plate, an inner plate, and matched connecting components, locking components, pulling components and limiting components. Through the structure design of the bolt limiting, gear transmission pulling and L-shaped guide slot locking, the side formwork can be rotatably unfolded, and the inner plate can be controllably separated from the formwork. When the formwork is removed, the top plate locking and the inner plate limiting are sequentially released, the side formwork is unfolded after the inner plate is separated, and the prefabricated part is taken out by cooperating with hoisting equipment. The application reduces the damage rate of the formwork and the prefabricated part to below 1%, improves the formwork removing efficiency by 70%, is convenient to operate, is suitable for various specifications of prefabricated parts, and is suitable for batch production scenes of various prefabricated parts of high-speed railways.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of precast component demolding technology, and more specifically, to a demolding device and method for high-speed railway precast components. Background Technology

[0002] In high-speed railway construction, precast components are widely used due to their advantages such as high construction efficiency and stable quality. These components cover key parts such as tracks, bridges, and tunnels. After precast components are formed in molds, the molds need to be removed and the components taken out using hoisting equipment. The efficiency and safety of this step directly affect the construction progress and the quality of the precast components.

[0003] Existing methods for demolding precast components have significant drawbacks: most methods rely on simple tools like pry bars for assistance, requiring leverage to forcibly pry the mold, which easily leads to scratches and deformation on the mold surface, and damage and chipping on the precast component surface. This severely impacts the reusability of the mold and the yield rate of the precast components. Furthermore, pry bar demolding depends on manual experience, is cumbersome, labor-intensive, and typically takes over 30 minutes to dismantle a single mold, resulting in low efficiency and difficulty in meeting the demands of mass production. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a damage-avoiding, efficient, and convenient high-speed railway precast component demolding device to solve these problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the problems of traditional pry bar demolding, which easily damages the mold and preforms and has low demolding efficiency.

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a high-speed railway precast component demolding device, comprising: a base, an inner mold fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the base, and side molds movably arranged around the base; a connecting assembly disposed at the bottom of the side molds, the side molds being movably mounted around the base via the connecting assembly; a top plate covering the top of the side molds, the top of the top plate having locking assemblies on both sides, and being locked to the side molds via the locking assemblies; an inner plate disposed on the inner wall of the side molds, the inner wall of the side molds having a storage groove adapted to the inner plate; a pulling assembly disposed on the outer surface of the side molds, the inner plate being connected to the pulling assembly and driven by it to detach from the precast component; and a limiting assembly disposed on the outer side of the side molds for limiting the position of the inner plate.

[0006] The present invention provides a high-speed railway precast component demolding device, which, compared with the prior art, has, but is not limited to, the following beneficial effects:

[0007] Addressing the issues of traditional pry bar demolding, which easily damages molds and preforms and suffers from low demolding efficiency, this device uses a base as its support. The inner mold is used for the core molding of the preform, while the four side molds are rotatably connected by connecting components. The top plate is locked to the side molds by locking components to form a closed mold cavity. The inner plate of the side mold is kept in close contact with the preform by limiting components to ensure molding accuracy. During demolding, the top plate, inner plate, and side mold are unlocked in sequence, and the inner plate is controlled to separate from the preform by pulling components. Finally, the side mold is unfolded to remove the preform. The entire process is done without any hard prying, avoiding damage. The damage rate of molds and preforms is reduced from more than 30% in the traditional method to less than 1%, and the number of times the mold can be reused is greatly increased, resulting in better performance. At the same time, the demolding efficiency is also greatly improved, with the demolding time of a single set of molds reduced from 30 minutes to less than 8 minutes, an efficiency improvement of more than 70%, making it suitable for mass production needs.

[0008] Furthermore, the connecting assembly includes a base frame, a rotating shaft, and a fixing frame; the base frame is fixed to the bottom of the side mold, and rotating shafts are fixedly installed at both ends of the base frame; the fixing frame is fixed to the base around the base at positions corresponding to both sides of the base frame by bolts, and a circular groove is opened on one side of the fixing frame, and the end of the rotating shaft is inserted into the circular groove.

[0009] Furthermore, the connecting assembly also includes a pin, the side wall of the fixing frame has a slot communicating with the circular groove, the pin is inserted into the slot, the end of the rotating shaft has a square groove, and the end of the pin is adapted to be inserted into the square groove.

[0010] Furthermore, a hook groove is provided at the top of the top plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the locking assembly includes a lock seat, a lock pin, and a lock buckle; the lock seat is fixed to both sides of the top of the top plate, and the lock pin is movably inserted inside; the lock buckle is fixed to the top of the side mold, and one end of the lock pin passes through the lock seat and is inserted into the lock buckle.

[0012] Furthermore, the pulling assembly includes a displacement module, a moving disk, and connecting rods; the displacement module is located on the outside of the side mold and is used to drive the moving disk to move back and forth; the connecting rods are equidistantly distributed in a ring on the outer wall of the moving disk, and the connecting rods pass through the side mold and are fixedly connected to the inner plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the displacement module includes a protective cover, a driving gear, a driven gear, and a screw; the protective cover is fixed to the outer surface of the side mold, and the driving gear and the driven gear are rotatably installed inside and meshed together; a rotating module is also provided on the outside of the protective cover to drive the driving gear to rotate; the screw is fixed to the side of the driven gear near the side mold, and the moving disk is threaded onto the outside of the screw.

[0014] Furthermore, the rotating module includes a turntable, and a fixing rod is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the turntable, and the fixing rod passes through the protective cover. The end of the fixing rod away from the turntable is connected to the drive gear.

[0015] Furthermore, the limiting assembly includes a guide tube, a stop post, a locking rod, and a rotating block; the guide tube is fixed to the four corners of the outer surface of the side mold, and the stop post is movably provided inside; the rotating block is fixed to the end of the stop post away from the side mold, and the locking rod is integrally provided on the outer surface of the stop post; an L-shaped guide groove is opened on the outer surface of the guide tube, and the locking rod is adapted to be inserted into the guide groove.

[0016] A demolding method includes the following steps:

[0017] S1: After the precast component is fixed, first release the locking component from the limit between the top plate and the side mold, then hook the top plate with the hook of the hoisting equipment, and start the hoisting equipment to lift the top plate away from the side mold;

[0018] S2: Release the limiting component from the inner panel, and use the pulling component to pull the inner panel outward, so that the inner panel is separated from the surface of the precast part;

[0019] S3: Release the vertical restriction of the connecting component on the side mold, so that the side mold can be expanded in all directions and rotated to form a 60-90° angle with the base;

[0020] S4: Secure the precast component using the lifting equipment's lifting tools, start the equipment to lift the precast component away from the inner mold of the base, and complete the demolding and hoisting. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a first-view structural schematic diagram of a high-speed railway precast component demolding device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a second-view structural schematic diagram of a high-speed railway precast component demolding device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the side mold and inner mold in a high-speed railway precast component demolding device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting component in a high-speed railway precast component demolding device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the side mold in a high-speed railway precast component demolding device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting component in a high-speed railway precast component demolding device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the pulling component in a high-speed railway precast component demolding device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0029] 1. Base; 2. Side mold; 3. Top plate; 31. Hook slot; 4. Inner mold; 5. Inner plate; 61. Lock seat; 62. Locking pin; 63. Locking buckle; 7. Pulling assembly; 71. Protective cover; 72. Turntable; 73. Driving gear; 74. Driven gear; 75. Screw; 76. Moving plate; 77. Connecting rod; 8. Limiting assembly; 81. Guide tube; 82. Abutment; 83. Locking rod; 84. Guide groove; 85. Rotating block; 86. Mounting hole; 9. Connecting assembly; 91. Base frame; 92. Rotating shaft; 93. Square groove; 94. Fixing frame; 95. Slot; 96. Pin. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings showing multiple embodiments according to this application. It should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments described in this application without creative effort will fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used in the description of this application is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and is not intended to limit this application; the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," etc., in the description, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are open-ended terms. Therefore, "comprising," "including," or "having" refers to, for example, a method or apparatus having one or more steps or elements, but is not limited to having only these one or more elements. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the description, claims, or accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order or hierarchy. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0032] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0033] Furthermore, in the attached diagram, the X-axis represents the horizontal direction, that is, the left and right position, and the positive direction of the X-axis (that is, the direction the arrow points to) represents the right, and the negative direction of the X-axis (that is, the direction opposite to the positive direction of the X-axis) represents the left; in the attached diagram, the Y-axis represents the vertical direction, that is, the front and back position, and the positive direction of the Y-axis (that is, the direction the arrow points to) represents the front, and the negative direction of the Y-axis (that is, the direction opposite to the positive direction of the Y-axis) represents the back; in the attached diagram, the Z-axis represents the vertical direction, that is, the up and down position, and the positive direction of the Z-axis (that is, the direction the arrow points to) represents the up, and the negative direction of the Z-axis (that is, the direction opposite to the positive direction of the Z-axis) represents the down.

[0034] It should also be noted that the aforementioned X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis are used only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0035] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "attachment" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] It should be emphasized that when the term "comprising / including" is used in this specification, it is used to explicitly indicate the presence of the stated feature, integer, step, or component, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, parts, or groups of features, integers, steps, or parts.

[0037] In this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, in this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0038] See Figures 1-7An embodiment of the present invention provides a high-speed railway precast component demolding device, comprising: a base 1, wherein an inner mold 4 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base 1, and side molds 2 are movably arranged around the base 1; a connecting component 9, disposed at the bottom of the side molds 2, wherein the side molds 2 are movably installed around the base 1 via the connecting component 9; a top plate 3, covering the top of the side molds 2, wherein locking components are provided on both sides of the top of the top of the top plate 3, and the top plate 3 is locked to the side molds 2 via the locking components; an inner plate 5, disposed on the inner wall of the side molds 2, wherein the inner wall of the side molds 2 has a storage groove adapted to the inner plate 5; a pulling component 7, disposed on the outer surface of the side molds 2, wherein the inner plate 5 is connected to the pulling component 7 and is driven by it to detach from the precast component; and a limiting component 8, disposed on the outer side of the side molds 2, for limiting the position of the inner plate 5.

[0039] In this embodiment, addressing the problems of traditional pry bar demolding which easily damages the mold and preform and has low demolding efficiency, this device uses a base 1 as the supporting foundation. The inner mold 4 is used for the core molding of the preform, and the four side molds 2 are rotatably connected by connecting components 9. The top plate 3 is locked to the side molds 2 by locking components to form a closed mold cavity. The inner plate 5 of the inner wall of the side mold 2 is kept in contact with the preform by limiting components 8 to ensure molding accuracy. During demolding, the top plate 3, inner plate 5, and side mold 2 are unlocked in sequence, and the inner plate 5 is controlled to separate from the preform by pulling components 7. Finally, the side mold 2 is unfolded to complete the removal of the preform. There is no hard prying throughout the process, avoiding damage. The damage rate of the mold and preform is reduced from more than 30% in the traditional method to less than 1%, and the number of times the mold can be reused is greatly increased, resulting in better performance. At the same time, the demolding efficiency is also greatly improved. The demolding time of a single set of molds is shortened from 30 minutes to less than 8 minutes, with an efficiency improvement of more than 70%, which is suitable for the needs of mass production.

[0040] Optional, please refer to Figure 4 The connecting component 9 includes a base frame 91, a rotating shaft 92, and a fixing frame 94. The base frame 91 is fixed to the bottom of the side mold 2, and the rotating shaft 92 is fixedly installed at both ends of the base frame 91. The fixing frame 94 is fixed to the base 1 around the corresponding sides of the base frame 91 by bolts, and a circular groove is opened on one side of the fixing frame 94, and the end of the rotating shaft 92 is inserted into the circular groove.

[0041] In this embodiment, the base frame 91 is welded to the bottom of the side mold 2 using channel steel; the fixing frame 94 is a welded part of Q235B steel plate, which is fixed to the base 1 around the corresponding two sides of the base frame 91 by M16 high-strength bolts. A circular groove with a diameter of 50.1mm is opened on one side of the fixing frame 94, and the end of the rotating shaft 92 is inserted into the circular groove with clearance fit; the base frame 91 and the side mold 2 form an integrated structure, and the rotating shaft 92 cooperates with the circular groove of the fixing frame 94 to provide the side mold 2 with a rotation center to rotate around the base 1, so as to realize the unfoldable function of the side mold 2.

[0042] The clearance between the rotating shaft 92 and the circular groove is controlled at 0.1mm to ensure that the side mold 2 rotates smoothly without jamming, while also ensuring the vertical stability of the side mold 2 during solidification.

[0043] Optional, please refer to Figure 4 The connecting component 9 also includes a pin 96. The side wall of the fixing frame 94 has a slot 95 that communicates with the circular groove. The pin 96 is inserted into the slot 95. The end of the rotating shaft 92 has a square groove 93, and the end of the pin 96 is adapted to be inserted into the square groove 93.

[0044] In this embodiment, a slot 95 with a diameter of 20mm is opened on the side wall of the fixing frame 94. The slot 95 is connected to the circular groove. The pin 96 is made of No. 45 steel with a diameter of 19mm and a 30° guide bevel at the end. A square groove 93 of 19mm×19mm is opened at the end of the rotating shaft 92. The groove opening is chamfered at 45°. A circular pull ring with a diameter of 30mm is welded to the end of the pin 96 away from the square groove 93. A rubber anti-slip sleeve is fitted on the surface of the pull ring. When fixing the mold, the pin 96 is inserted into the slot 95. The end automatically enters the square groove 93 under the cooperation of the guide bevel and the chamfer of the square groove 93, which restricts the rotation of the rotating shaft 92 and realizes the vertical locking of the side mold 2. When disassembling the mold, the pin 96 can be pulled out by pulling the pull ring to release the lock.

[0045] The combination of pin 96 and square groove 93 achieves 100% reliable limit positioning, and the unlocking operation only takes 10 seconds, which is 80% more efficient than the traditional bolt locking method. The pull ring design reduces the pulling force to 50N, which can be easily operated by a single person.

[0046] Optional, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The top of the top plate 3 is also provided with a hook groove 31.

[0047] In this embodiment, two U-shaped hook grooves 31 are opened along the length direction at the top of the top plate 3. The opening width of the hook groove 31 is 50mm and the depth is 30mm. The edge of the groove is rounded. The hook groove 31 is adapted to the special hook of the hoisting equipment, providing a stable force point for the top plate 3 to be lifted away, and ensuring that the top plate 3 is balanced under force during hoisting.

[0048] Among them, the hook groove 31 has a load-bearing capacity of 10kN, which meets the hoisting requirements of the top plate 3 and the concrete residue that may be attached. The rounded corner design avoids the hook being scratched during hoisting, while ensuring that the hook enters the groove quickly and accurately, thus improving hoisting efficiency.

[0049] Optional, please refer to Figure 2 The locking assembly includes a lock seat 61, a lock pin 62, and a lock buckle 63; the lock seat 61 is fixed to both sides of the top of the top plate 3, and the lock pin 62 is movably inserted inside; the lock buckle 63 is fixed to the top of the side mold 2, and one end of the lock pin 62 passes through the lock seat 61 and is inserted into the lock buckle 63.

[0050] In this embodiment, the lock seat 61 is welded to both sides of the top of the top plate 3; the lock pin 62 has a diameter of 16mm and is movably inserted into the lock seat 61; the lock buckle 63 is a U-shaped Q235B steel plate, welded to the top of the side mold 2 at the position corresponding to the lock seat 61, with an opening width of 18mm; after the top plate 3 is closed, push the lock pin 62 into the U-shaped groove of the lock buckle 63 to complete the locking; when disassembling the mold, pull the lock pin 62 to disengage from the lock buckle 63.

[0051] Optional, please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 The pulling component 7 includes a displacement module, a moving disk 76, and a connecting rod 77. The displacement module is located on the outside of the side mold 2 and is used to drive the moving disk 76 to move back and forth. The connecting rod 77 is equidistantly distributed in a ring on the outer wall of the moving disk 76, and the connecting rod 77 passes through the side mold 2 and is fixedly connected to the inner plate 5.

[0052] In this embodiment, the displacement module provides power to drive the moving disk 76 to reciprocate linearly in the horizontal direction. The moving disk 76 transmits power to the inner plate 5 through the connecting rod 77, causing the inner plate 5 to move in and out along the receiving groove on the inner wall of the side mold 2. When the moving disk 76 moves outward, the connecting rod 77 pulls the inner plate 5 into the receiving groove, thus separating it from the precast part. When the moving disk 76 moves inward, the connecting rod 77 pushes the inner plate 5 out of the receiving groove and into the working position.

[0053] Optional, please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 The displacement module includes a protective cover 71, a driving gear 73, a driven gear 74, and a screw 75. The protective cover 71 is fixed to the outer surface of the side mold 2, and the driving gear 73 and the driven gear 74 are rotatably installed inside it and are meshed together. A rotating module is also provided on the outside of the protective cover 71 to drive the driving gear 73 to rotate. The screw 75 is fixed to the side of the driven gear 74 near the side mold 2, and the moving disk 76 is threaded onto the outside of the screw 75.

[0054] In this embodiment, the protective cover 71 is a 304 stainless steel welded shell, which is fixed to the outer surface of the side mold 2 by bolts. An inspection hole is opened on the top and equipped with a cover plate. The driving gear 73 and the driven gear 74 are both 45 steel heat-treated parts. The driving gear 73 has 20 teeth and the driven gear 74 has 40 teeth. The meshing clearance between the two is controlled at 0.1mm. They are installed inside the protective cover 71 by deep groove ball bearings. The screw 75 is a trapezoidal threaded part machined from 45 steel with a diameter of 40mm and a pitch of 5mm. One end is welded to the driven gear 74, and the other end is positioned on the inner wall of the protective cover 71 by a bearing seat. The movable disk 76 is threadedly sleeved on the outside of the screw 75, and the clearance between the movable disk 76 and the screw 75 is ≤0.2mm.

[0055] The rotating module can drive the driving gear 73 to rotate, which in turn drives the driven gear 74 to rotate through gear meshing. The driven gear 74 drives the screw 75 to rotate synchronously. Since the moving disk 76 is connected to the inner plate 5 through the connecting rod 77, it cannot rotate with the screw 75. Under the action of the screw, the moving disk 76 moves linearly along the axis of the screw 75, thereby realizing the displacement driving function. The gear transmission ratio is 2:1. The driving gear 73 can drive the driven gear 74 to rotate 1 revolution after 2 revolutions, so that the screw 75 drives the moving disk 76 to move 5mm.

[0056] Among them, the gear transmission efficiency reaches 98%, with low power loss and the operator's rotation torque is ≤30N·m, resulting in significant labor saving; the threaded engagement between the screw 75 and the moving plate 76 enables a movement accuracy of 0.1mm / revolution, and the inner plate 5 is accurately positioned; the protective cover 71 effectively protects the gears and screw 75 from concrete dust corrosion.

[0057] Optional, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 7 The rotating module includes a turntable 72, and a fixing rod is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the turntable 72. The fixing rod passes through the protective cover 71, and the end of the fixing rod away from the turntable 72 is connected to the drive gear 73.

[0058] In this embodiment, the turntable 72 is injection molded from nylon material, with a diameter of 80mm and a thickness of 20mm. The surface is pressed with anti-slip texture, and six evenly distributed Φ10mm holes are opened on the edge to insert levers to increase torque. The fixing rod is machined from No. 45 steel, with a diameter of 12mm and a length of 150mm. One end is connected to the turntable 72 via a flat key, and the other end passes through the Φ12.1mm hole of the protective cover 71 and is connected to the shaft hole of the drive gear 73 via a flat key. A skeleton-type dustproof sealing ring is installed at the point where the fixing rod passes through the protective cover 71.

[0059] The operator manually rotates the turntable 72, causing the fixed rod to rotate synchronously. The fixed rod transmits torque to the drive gear 73 through a flat key, driving the drive gear 73 to rotate, thereby providing power input to the displacement module. When it is necessary to increase the torque, a lever can be inserted into the hole of the turntable 72 to reduce the operating force by using the lever principle.

[0060] Optional, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The limiting component 8 includes a guide tube 81, a stop post 82, a locking rod 83, and a rotating block 85; the guide tube 81 is fixed to the four corners of the outer surface of the side mold 2, and the stop post 82 is movably provided inside; the rotating block 85 is fixed to the end of the stop post 82 away from the side mold 2, and the locking rod 83 is integrally provided on the outer surface of the stop post 82; an L-shaped guide groove 84 is opened on the outer surface of the guide tube 81, and the locking rod 83 is adapted to be inserted into the guide groove 84.

[0061] In this embodiment, the conduit 81 is a Q235B seamless steel pipe with a diameter of 30mm and a length of 100mm. One end is welded to the outer surface of the side mold 2, and the axis is perpendicular to the surface of the side mold 2. The abutment 82 is a 45# steel machined part with a diameter of 28mm and a length of 120mm. It is clearance-fitted with the conduit 81, and one end is attached to the outer wall of the inner plate 5. The contact surface is polished. The locking rod 83 is a Φ10mm round rod forged integrally with the abutment 82 and has a length of 30mm. An L-shaped guide groove 84 is opened on the outer surface of the conduit 81, and the edge of the guide groove 84 is rounded. The rotating block 85 is made of nylon with a diameter of 40mm. It is fixed to the end of the abutment 82 away from the inner plate 5 by M8 bolts, and the surface is provided with anti-slip texture.

[0062] When the inner plate 5 needs to be limited, push the rotating block 85 to move the abutment 82 towards the side mold 2. The end of the abutment 82 presses against the inner plate 5. At this time, the locking rod 83 moves down along the vertical section of the guide groove 84. After the abutment 82 is in place, rotate the rotating block 85 to drive the locking rod 83 to move along the horizontal section of the guide groove 84 and lock into the end of the guide groove 84. Use the horizontal section of the guide groove 84 to restrict the abutment 82 from retracting, thereby limiting the inner plate 5. When unlocking, rotate the rotating block 85 in the opposite direction to make the locking rod 83 return to the vertical section of the guide groove 84. Pull the rotating block 85 to make the abutment 82 disengage from the inner plate 5.

[0063] Mechanical self-locking is achieved through the L-shaped guide groove 84. In the limited state, the anti-retraction force of the column 82 reaches 10kN, ensuring that the inner plate 5 does not shift under the action of concrete lateral pressure. The limiting and unlocking operations each take only 3 seconds, which is 90% more efficient than the traditional bolt limiting. The gap fit between the column 82 and the guide tube 81 makes the operation smooth and without jamming, resulting in better performance.

[0064] A demolding method includes the following steps:

[0065] S1: After the precast component is fixed, first release the locking component from limiting the top plate 3 and the side mold 2, then hook the top plate 3 with the hook of the hoisting equipment, and start the hoisting equipment to lift the top plate 3 away from the side mold 2;

[0066] S2: Release the limiting component 8 from the inner plate 5, and use the pulling component 7 to pull the inner plate 5 outward, so that the inner plate 5 is separated from the surface of the precast part;

[0067] S3: Release the vertical restriction of the connecting component 9 on the side mold 2, so that the side mold 2 can be unfolded in all directions and rotated to form an angle of 60-90° with the base 1;

[0068] S4: Secure the precast component using the lifting equipment's lifting tools, start the equipment to lift the precast component away from the inner mold 4 of the base 1, and complete the demolding and hoisting.

[0069] While the present invention has been disclosed above, its scope of protection is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such changes and modifications will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A demolding device for high-speed railway precast components, characterized in that, include: The base (1) has an inner mold (4) fixedly installed on its upper surface and side molds (2) movably arranged around its perimeter. A connecting component (9) is provided at the bottom of the side mold (2). The side mold (2) is movably installed around the base (1) via the connecting component (9). The connecting component (9) includes a base frame (91), a rotating shaft (92), and a fixing frame (94). The base frame (91) is fixed to the bottom of the side mold (2), and the rotating shaft (92) is fixedly installed at both ends of the base frame (91). The fixing frame (94) is fixed to the base (1) around the position corresponding to the two sides of the base frame (91) by bolts. A circular groove is provided on one side of the fixing frame (94), and the end of the rotating shaft (92) is inserted into the circular groove. The connecting component (9) also includes a pin (96). A slot (95) communicating with the circular groove is provided on the side wall of the fixing frame (94). The pin (96) is inserted into the slot (95). A square groove (93) is provided at the end of the rotating shaft (92), and the end of the pin (96) is adapted to be inserted into the square groove (93). The top plate (3) covers the top of the side mold (2). The top of the top plate (3) is provided with locking components on both sides and is locked to the side mold (2) through the locking components. Inner plate (5) is provided on the inner wall of the side mold (2), and the inner wall of the side mold (2) is provided with a storage groove adapted to the inner plate (5); A pulling assembly (7) is disposed on the outer surface of the side mold (2). The inner plate (5) is connected to the pulling assembly (7) and is driven to detach from the precast component. The pulling assembly (7) includes a displacement module, a moving disk (76), and connecting rods (77). The displacement module is disposed on the outside of the side mold (2) and is used to drive the moving disk (76) to move back and forth. The connecting rods (77) are equidistantly distributed in a ring on the outer wall of the moving disk (76), and the connecting rods (77) pass through the side mold (2) and are fixedly connected to the inner plate (5). The displacement module includes a protective cover (71), a driving gear (73), a driven gear (74), and a screw (75). The protective cover (71) 71) Fixed to the outer surface of the side mold (2), the drive gear (73) and driven gear (74) are rotatably installed inside and meshed together; a rotating module is also provided on the outside of the protective cover (71) to drive the drive gear (73) to rotate; the screw (75) is fixed to the side of the driven gear (74) near the side mold (2), and the moving disk (76) is threaded onto the outside of the screw (75); the rotating module includes a turntable (72), a fixing rod is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the turntable (72), and the fixing rod passes through the protective cover (71); the end of the fixing rod away from the turntable (72) is connected to the drive gear (73); A limiting component (8) is provided on the outside of the side mold (2) to limit the position of the inner plate (5). The limiting component (8) includes a guide tube (81), a stop post (82), a locking rod (83), and a rotating block (85). The guide tube (81) is fixed to the four corners of the outer surface of the side mold (2), and the stop post (82) is movably provided inside. The rotating block (85) is fixed to the end of the stop post (82) away from the side mold (2). The locking rod (83) is integrally provided on the outer surface of the stop post (82). An L-shaped guide groove (84) is opened on the outer surface of the guide tube (81), and the locking rod (83) is adapted to be inserted into the guide groove (84).

2. The high-speed railway precast component demolding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the top plate (3) is also provided with a hook groove (31).

3. The high-speed railway precast component demolding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking assembly includes a lock seat (61), a lock pin (62), and a lock buckle (63); the lock seat (61) is fixed to both sides of the top of the top plate (3), and the lock pin (62) is movably inserted inside; the lock buckle (63) is fixed to the top of the side mold (2), and one end of the lock pin (62) passes through the lock seat (61) and is inserted into the lock buckle (63).

4. A demolding method based on the device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: After the precast component is fixed, first release the locking component to limit the top plate (3) and the side mold (2), then hook the top plate (3) with the hook of the hoisting equipment, start the hoisting equipment to lift the top plate (3) away from the side mold (2); S2: Release the limiting component (8) from the inner plate (5), and use the pulling component (7) to pull the inner plate (5) outward so that the inner plate (5) is separated from the surface of the precast part; S3: Release the vertical restriction of the connecting component (9) on the side mold (2), so that the side mold (2) unfolds in all directions and rotates the side mold (2) to form an angle of 60-90° with the base (1); S4: Fix the precast component with the lifting device of the hoisting equipment, start the equipment to lift the precast component away from the inner mold (4) of the base (1) and complete the demolding and hoisting.

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