A method, equipment and system for hydrogen production by water electrolysis

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of materials testing and analysis technology, specifically to a method, equipment, and system for testing hydrogen production via water electrolysis. The method involves acquiring the electrolyzer's operating voltage under several operating conditions to determine the relative controllability coefficient for each condition. Based on the relative controllability coefficient and the electrolyzer's operating voltage under each condition, the steady-state variation trend of the hydrogen production reaction is analyzed to determine the operational steady-state level under each condition. The adjustment step size for each type of operating parameter value is dynamically optimized based on the operational steady-state level under each condition, and then the optimal set of operating parameter values ​​corresponding to the hydrogen production test is determined based on the adjustment results. This invention comprehensively understands the system behavior through multi-condition data collection, then evaluates parameter sensitivity and system stability through relative controllability coefficients and operational steady-state levels, and finally achieves efficient and accurate optimization by dynamically adjusting the step size. It overcomes the shortcomings of fixed-step-size methods and can quickly and accurately determine the optimal set of operating parameter values.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of materials testing and analysis technology, specifically to a method, equipment, and system for hydrogen production through hydrolysis. Background Technology

[0002] Proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolyzers, as a highly efficient green hydrogen production technology, rely heavily on the synergistic optimization of multiple operating parameters, including temperature, pressure, and flow rate. However, the strong coupling effect of multiple physical fields (electricity, heat, fluid, and mass) within the PEM water electrolyzer makes the interactions between parameters extremely complex, posing a significant challenge to systematic process optimization. Currently, the control strategies for key operating parameters (such as inlet temperature) in the testing and optimization of PEM water electrolyzers have significant limitations.

[0003] Existing methods typically employ fixed adjustment step sizes for parameter scanning. However, excessively large step sizes can miss critical optimal parameter ranges, leading to insufficient optimization accuracy; conversely, excessively small step sizes result in lengthy testing cycles and low efficiency. These shortcomings in parameter control strategies make it difficult to strike a balance between efficiency and accuracy during testing, hindering the rapid and precise generation of a complete system performance profile. Consequently, this restricts the efficient and accurate optimization of the optimal parameter set, ultimately limiting further improvements in hydrogen production and system operating efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problem of existing water electrolysis hydrogen production tests, which use fixed parameter adjustment step sizes and thus struggle to efficiently and accurately obtain the optimal parameter set, the present invention aims to provide a water electrolysis hydrogen production test method, equipment, and system. The specific technical solution adopted is as follows:

[0005] One embodiment of the present invention provides a method for hydrogen production by water electrolysis, the method comprising the following steps:

[0006] Obtain the operating voltage of the electrolytic cell under several operating conditions; the operating conditions consist of different types of operating parameter values ​​that are related to the reaction, and the number of operating parameter types corresponding to one operating condition is not less than two;

[0007] Based on the operating voltage of the electrolyzer under each operating condition, the relative controllability coefficient for each operating condition is determined; the relative controllability coefficient is at least used to characterize the degree of influence of changes in operating parameter values ​​on the water electrolysis reaction;

[0008] The steady-state variation trend of the hydrolysis hydrogen production reaction is analyzed based on the relative controllability coefficient and the working voltage of the electrolyzer under each operating condition, and the degree of steady-state operation under each operating condition is determined.

[0009] By dynamically optimizing the adjustment step size of each type of operating parameter value under each operating condition's steady-state state, the optimal operating parameter value set corresponding to the water electrolysis hydrogen production test is determined based on the adjustment results.

[0010] Furthermore, determining the relative controllability coefficient for each operating condition based on the electrolytic cell operating voltage under each operating condition includes:

[0011] Based on the electrolytic cell operating voltage of each first operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value, determine the influence coefficient of the operating parameter value variation of each first operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value; the first operating parameter value is any type of operating parameter value constituting the operating condition, and the second operating parameter value is another type of operating parameter value that is different from the type of the first operating parameter value;

[0012] Based on the influence coefficient of the change in operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value for each first operating parameter value, determine the relative controllability coefficient of each first operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value.

[0013] Further, the step of determining the influence coefficient of the variation of each first operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value based on the electrolytic cell operating voltage under each second operating parameter value includes:

[0014] Determine the voltage difference between every two second operating parameter values ​​corresponding to the same first operating parameter value; the voltage difference is obtained by subtracting the operating voltages of the two electrolytic cells.

[0015] Based on the maximum voltage difference of each first operating parameter value and the voltage difference between each second operating parameter value of each first operating parameter value and its adjacent second operating parameter values, the influence coefficient of the operating parameter value variation of each first operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value is determined; the second operating parameter values ​​under the same first operating parameter value are arranged in a preset order, the preset order being ascending or descending, and the voltage difference value is the absolute value of the voltage difference.

[0016] Further, determining the relative controllability coefficient of each first operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value based on the influence coefficient of the operating parameter value variation under each second operating parameter value includes:

[0017] Obtain a vector consisting of the electrolytic cell operating voltage of each second operating parameter value under the same first operating parameter value, as the parameter variation vector, and then determine the average value of all parameter variation vectors as the reference vector;

[0018] Based on the influence coefficient of each first operating parameter value on the change of operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value, and the similarity between the parameter change vector and the reference vector of each first operating parameter value, the relative controllability coefficient of each first operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value is determined.

[0019] Further, determining the relative controllability coefficient of each first operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value based on the influence coefficient of the operating parameter value variation under each second operating parameter value and the similarity between the parameter variation vector and the reference vector for each first operating parameter value includes:

[0020] Calculate the average value of the influence coefficient of the change in operating parameter value under different first operating parameter values ​​for the same second operating parameter value, and use it as a reference coefficient;

[0021] Based on the difference between the influence coefficient of the change in operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value and the reference coefficient, and the degree of similarity, the relative controllability coefficient of each first operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value is determined.

[0022] Furthermore, the step of analyzing the steady-state variation trend of the hydrolysis hydrogen production reaction based on the relative controllability coefficient and the electrolyzer operating voltage under each operating condition, and determining the degree of operational steady-state under each operating condition, includes:

[0023] For each operating condition, a first directional difference coefficient is determined based on the relative controllability coefficient of the first operating parameter value under the second operating parameter value, the electrolytic cell operating voltage, the first reference controllability coefficient, and the first reference operating voltage. The first reference controllability coefficient and the first reference operating voltage are respectively the relative controllability coefficient of a first operating parameter value adjacent to the first operating parameter value under the second operating parameter value and the electrolytic cell operating voltage.

[0024] The second directional difference coefficient is determined based on the relative controllable coefficient, the electrolytic cell operating voltage, the second reference controllable coefficient, and the second reference operating voltage; the second reference controllable coefficient and the second reference operating voltage are respectively the relative controllable coefficient and the electrolytic cell operating voltage of a second operating parameter value adjacent to the second operating parameter value under the first operating parameter value.

[0025] Based on the relative controllable coefficient, the electrolytic cell operating voltage, the third reference controllable coefficient, and the third reference operating voltage, the cross-direction difference coefficient is determined; the third reference controllable coefficient and the third reference operating voltage are respectively the relative controllable coefficient and the electrolytic cell operating voltage of a first operating parameter value adjacent to the first operating parameter value under a second operating parameter value adjacent to the second operating parameter value.

[0026] By integrating the first directional difference coefficient, the second directional difference coefficient, and the cross-directional difference coefficient, the steady-state degree of operation of the first operating parameter value under the second operating parameter value is determined.

[0027] Further, the direction of the first operating parameter value, the direction of the second operating parameter value, and the intersection direction are referred to as the direction to be determined, and the difference coefficient of the direction to be determined is determined, including:

[0028] The product of the relative controllable coefficient and the electrolytic cell operating voltage is calculated as the first product, and the product of the undetermined reference controllable coefficient and the undetermined reference operating voltage is calculated as the second product; the undetermined reference controllable coefficient is the reference controllable coefficient corresponding to the undetermined direction, and the undetermined reference operating voltage is the reference operating voltage corresponding to the undetermined direction.

[0029] Based on the difference between the first product and the second product, the difference coefficient of the direction to be determined is determined.

[0030] Furthermore, the step size for dynamically optimizing the adjustment of each type of operating parameter value based on the steady-state state under each operating condition includes:

[0031] For each value of the second running parameter, execute:

[0032] Based on the steady-state state of all first operating parameter values ​​under the second operating parameter values, a first steady-state state threshold corresponding to the second operating parameter value is determined; for each first operating parameter value, the first steady-state state is compared with the first steady-state state threshold.

[0033] If the first steady-state level is greater than or equal to the first steady-state level threshold, the adjustment step size of the first operating parameter value remains unchanged; if the first steady-state level is less than the first steady-state level threshold, the adjustment step size of the first operating parameter value is optimized according to the first steady-state level, and the optimized adjustment step size is used as the final adjustment step size of the first operating parameter value; the first steady-state level is the steady-state level corresponding to the dynamically changing first operating parameter value.

[0034] For each of the first runtime parameter values, execute:

[0035] Based on the steady-state performance of all second operating parameter values ​​under the first operating parameter values, determine the second steady-state performance threshold corresponding to the first operating parameter values; for each second operating parameter value, compare the second steady-state performance with the second steady-state performance threshold.

[0036] If the second steady-state degree is greater than or equal to the second steady-state degree threshold, the adjustment step size of the second operating parameter value remains unchanged; if the second steady-state degree is less than the second steady-state degree threshold, the adjustment step size of the second operating parameter value is optimized according to the second steady-state degree, and the optimized adjustment step size is used as the final adjustment step size of the second operating parameter value; the second steady-state degree is the steady-state degree of operation corresponding to the dynamically changing second operating parameter value.

[0037] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a water electrolysis hydrogen production testing system, including: a memory and a processor; the memory is connected to the processor; the memory is used to store program instructions; the processor is used to implement the steps of a water electrolysis hydrogen production testing method when the program instructions are executed.

[0038] In another embodiment of the present invention, a water electrolysis hydrogen production testing device is provided, including a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a water electrolysis hydrogen production testing method.

[0039] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] This invention provides a method, equipment, and system for testing hydrogen production through water electrolysis. First, the operating voltage of the electrolyzer under several operating conditions is acquired. This data is used to collect operating voltage data under different conditions, providing a foundational dataset for subsequent analysis and also encompassing the interactive effects between parameters. By considering multiple parameter combinations, the limitations of single-parameter scanning are avoided, and synergistic or antagonistic effects between parameters can be captured, providing sufficient data support for subsequent calculations of relative controllability coefficients and steady-state conditions. Second, the relative controllability coefficients under each operating condition are determined. These coefficients quantify the impact of changes in operating parameter values ​​on the water electrolysis reaction. By characterizing the degree of parameter influence, priority can be given to parameters that significantly affect the reaction, avoiding wasting resources on irrelevant parameters and thus improving optimization efficiency. Simultaneously, the relative controllability coefficients provide a ranking of parameter importance, providing a basis for subsequent dynamic adjustment of the step size. Next, the steady-state condition is determined for each operating condition, reflecting the system's stability and predictability under specific parameter combinations. Determining the steady-state condition helps distinguish between stable and unstable operating conditions; stable conditions may be closer to the optimal operating point, while unstable conditions may indicate an unreasonable parameter combination, thus reducing blind spots in the optimization process. Finally, the step size is dynamically adjusted to determine the optimal set of operating parameter values. Dynamically adjusting the step size directly addresses the problems of existing methods, avoiding the issues of missing the optimal range due to excessively large step sizes or causing long testing cycles due to excessively small step sizes. Furthermore, adaptive step size control achieves a balance between efficiency and accuracy. By guiding the step size adjustment through the steady-state condition, the optimization process can quickly focus on the potential optimal region and perform a fine search, thereby shortening the testing time and improving the optimization accuracy. The final determined optimal set of parameter values ​​maximizes hydrogen production and system operating efficiency, ensuring the global optimality of the parameter combination based on comprehensive data analysis and dynamic optimization. Attached Figure Description

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a hydrogen production testing method via hydrolysis, as described in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the working conditions in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps for determining the relative controllability coefficient under each operating condition in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps for determining the steady-state state of operation under each operating condition in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve its intended purpose, the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the technical solution proposed according to the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.

[0047] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0048] One embodiment of the present invention provides a method for testing hydrogen production via hydrolysis, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0049] S1, obtain the working voltage of the electrolytic cell under several operating conditions.

[0050] Here, the operating condition is composed of different types of operating parameter values ​​that have a reaction relationship, and the number of operating parameter types corresponding to one operating condition is no less than two.

[0051] In the hydrogen production process via water electrolysis, the internal temperature of the electrolyzer simultaneously affects both the reaction rate and the properties of the substances. Suitable and stable temperature conditions contribute to the smooth and efficient operation of the electrolyzer. The main factors influencing the hydrogen production process via water electrolysis include current density, inlet water temperature, and inlet water flow rate. Inlet water temperature and flow rate are two types of reaction-related operating parameters, primarily controlled by influencing reaction conditions. For example, the internal temperature of the electrolyzer is mainly controlled by changing the inlet water temperature. Water participates in the oxygen evolution reaction at the anode electrode, as well as in substance transport and heat transfer within the equipment. Similarly, the water flow rate is also a crucial parameter affecting the operation of the electrolyzer. Inlet water temperature refers to the temperature at the inlet, while inlet water flow rate refers to the water flow rate at the inlet.

[0052] Therefore, analyzing the operating parameters that are correlated with the reaction can effectively represent the current reaction status in the hydrolysis hydrogen production reactor. Adjustments made based on this monitoring process can achieve more precise control of the reaction process. In this embodiment, an example is taken with two types of operating parameters to determine the optimal set of operating parameter values.

[0053] In one specific embodiment, the first operating parameter value is any type of operating parameter value constituting the operating condition, and the second operating parameter value is another type of operating parameter value that is different from the first operating parameter value. Based on each first operating parameter value and each second operating parameter value, the electrolytic cell operating voltage for each first operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value is determined. Specifically, when the first operating parameter value is the inlet water temperature, the second operating parameter value is the inlet water flow rate; and when the first operating parameter value is the inlet water flow rate, the second operating parameter value is the inlet water temperature.

[0054] Furthermore, the operating current density of the electrolytic cell is controlled to be 1. By simultaneously changing the inlet water temperature and flow rate within the operating range, the operating voltage of the electrolyzer under different operating conditions can be calculated. The step size for the variation of the two types of operating parameters is defined, such as a step size of 10 degrees Celsius for the inlet water temperature and 0.05 meters per second for the inlet water flow rate. Therefore, by adjusting the inlet water flow rate at each inlet water temperature, the operating voltage of the electrolyzer at each inlet water temperature and flow rate can be obtained. A three-dimensional coordinate diagram of the operating conditions is shown below. Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 In the diagram, the X-axis represents the inlet water temperature, the Y-axis represents the inlet water flow rate, and the Z-axis represents the electrolytic cell operating voltage.

[0055] Thus, this embodiment has obtained the working voltage of the electrolytic cell under different operating conditions.

[0056] S2, determine the relative controllability coefficient for each operating condition based on the working voltage of the electrolytic cell under each operating condition.

[0057] Here, the relative controllability coefficient is used at least to characterize the degree of influence of changes in operating parameter values ​​on the water electrolysis reaction.

[0058] The effects of multiple operating parameters on the water electrolysis hydrogen production process are achieved directly or indirectly. For example, the inlet water temperature directly controls the internal temperature of the electrolyzer and also affects the bubble nucleation process at the membrane electrode assembly (MEA). Increasing the inlet water flow rate promotes oxygen diffusion on the anode side, reduces gas accumulation, and thus reduces potential loss caused by mass transfer. Temperature fluctuations can lead to unstable bubble nucleation, affecting the activity of the reaction interface. Therefore, the steady-state process required for the water electrolysis hydrogen production reaction is achieved through effective control of various types of operating parameters, which explains the need for controllable performance analysis of each type of operating parameter.

[0059] For each operating condition, the more significant the impact of a change in a certain operating parameter on the overall water electrolysis reaction, and the smaller the other possible adverse effects, the more controllable that operating parameter is. Adverse effects refer to the changes in the overall reaction environment caused by a change in a certain operating parameter, which in turn alters other reaction conditions and may reduce reaction efficiency.

[0060] As an exemplary implementation, the above-described determination of the relative controllability coefficient under each operating condition is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, it includes:

[0061] S21, based on the electrolytic cell operating voltage of each first operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value, determine the influence coefficient of the change in operating parameter value of each first operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value.

[0062] Here, the influence coefficient of the variation of operating parameter values ​​is used at least to characterize the difference in the electrolytic cell operating voltage between two adjacent second operating parameter values ​​for each first operating parameter value.

[0063] Determine the voltage difference between every two second operating parameter values ​​corresponding to the same first operating parameter value; the voltage difference is obtained by subtracting the operating voltages of the two electrolytic cells.

[0064] Based on the maximum voltage difference of each first operating parameter value and the voltage difference between each second operating parameter value of each first operating parameter value and its adjacent second operating parameter values, the influence coefficient of the operating parameter value variation of each first operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value is determined; the second operating parameter values ​​under the same first operating parameter value are arranged in a preset order, the preset order being ascending or descending, and the voltage difference value is the absolute value of the voltage difference.

[0065] Of course, the first operating parameter values ​​under the same second operating parameter value are also arranged in a preset order, and their preset order is consistent with the preset order of the second operating parameter values.

[0066] In one specific implementation, the formula for calculating the maximum voltage difference of the i-th first operating parameter value can be:

[0067] In the formula, This represents the maximum voltage difference for the i-th value of the first operating parameter, and max represents the function for finding the maximum value. This represents the electrolytic cell operating voltage under the i-th first operating parameter value and the j-th second operating parameter value. This represents the electrolytic cell operating voltage under the i-th first operating parameter value and the l-th second operating parameter value.

[0068] In the formula for calculating the maximum voltage difference, the j-th second operating parameter value is not equal to the l-th second operating parameter value. The values ​​of j and l range from 1 to J, where J represents the total number of second operating parameter values.

[0069] It should be noted that the maximum voltage difference of the i-th first operating parameter value indicates the range of voltage variation in the electrolytic cell under the i-th first operating parameter value. The maximum voltage difference is used as a reference value for comparison and analysis with the voltage difference between two adjacent second operating parameter values ​​under the same first operating parameter. The closer the voltage difference value is to the reference value, the greater the reaction influence of the corresponding second operating parameter value; conversely, the smaller the reaction influence, the less the voltage difference value is to the reference value.

[0070] In one specific implementation, the formula for calculating the influence coefficient of the change in the operating parameter value under the j-th second operating parameter value for the i-th first operating parameter value can be:

[0071] In the formula, This represents the influence coefficient of the change in the operating parameter value under the i-th first operating parameter value and the j-th second operating parameter value. This represents the electrolytic cell operating voltage under the i-th first operating parameter value and the j-th second operating parameter value. This indicates that the i-th value of the first running parameter is in the... The operating voltage of the electrolytic cell under the second operating parameter value This represents the maximum voltage difference for the i-th value of the first operating parameter. Indicates voltage difference The absolute value of the voltage difference.

[0072] In the formula for calculating the influence coefficient of operating parameter value variation, when j equals 1, the influence coefficient of operating parameter value variation is... The value is assigned to zero; the values ​​of the second operating parameters under the same first operating parameter value are arranged in a preset order, which is either ascending or descending; through... and The ratio makes the influence coefficient of changes in operating parameter values ​​a dimensionless data point representing the degree of influence. Therefore, the influence coefficient ranges from 0 to 1.

[0073] In another specific implementation, the formula for calculating the influence coefficient of the change in the operating parameter value under the j-th second operating parameter value for the i-th first operating parameter value can also be:

[0074] In the formula, norm represents the normalization function, used to achieve normalization. Perform dimensionless normalization, such as using maximum and minimum value normalization.

[0075] It should be noted that, referring to the calculation process of the influence coefficient of the operating parameter value variation under the j-th second operating parameter value for the i-th first operating parameter value, the influence coefficient of the operating parameter value variation under each second operating parameter value for each first operating parameter value can be obtained. Wherein, when the second operating parameter value is the inlet water flow rate, the influence coefficient of the operating parameter value variation can represent the influence coefficient of the inlet water flow rate variation.

[0076] S22, based on the influence coefficient of the change in operating parameter value of each first operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value, determine the relative controllability coefficient of each first operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value.

[0077] The larger the relative controllability coefficient under a certain operating condition, the more significant the impact of changes in operating parameters on the efficiency of the water electrolysis reaction under that condition. When analyzing the relative controllability coefficient, we analyze the fluctuation of the influence coefficient of different first operating parameter values ​​with a fixed second operating parameter value. The smaller the fluctuation, the more stable the impact of operating parameter changes on the water electrolysis reaction, and the larger the corresponding relative controllability coefficient. We also analyze the difference between the similarity of the vector direction formed by the overall second operating parameter values ​​and perfect similarity (i.e., a value of 1) with a fixed first operating parameter value. The smaller the difference, the more consistent the control performance under the corresponding operating parameters, and the larger the corresponding relative controllability coefficient.

[0078] Based on the influence coefficient of each first operating parameter value on the variation of operating parameter values ​​under each second operating parameter value, determine the relative controllability coefficient of each first operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value, including:

[0079] Obtain a vector consisting of the electrolytic cell operating voltage of each second operating parameter value under the same first operating parameter value, as the parameter variation vector, and then determine the average value of all parameter variation vectors as the reference vector;

[0080] Based on the influence coefficient of each first operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value, and the similarity between the parameter change vector and the reference vector for each first operating parameter value, the relative controllability coefficient of each first operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value is determined, including:

[0081] Calculate the average value of the influence coefficient of the change in operating parameter value under different first operating parameter values ​​for the same second operating parameter value, and use it as a reference coefficient;

[0082] Based on the difference between the influence coefficient of the change in operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value and the reference coefficient, and the degree of similarity, the relative controllability coefficient of each first operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value is determined.

[0083] In one specific implementation, the formula for calculating the relative controllability coefficient of the i-th first operating parameter value under the j-th second operating parameter value can be:

[0084] In the formula, Let represent the relative controllability coefficient of the i-th first operating parameter value under the j-th second operating parameter value, and exp represent the exponential function with the natural constant as the base. Used to perform normalization processing for negative correlation of data. This represents the influence coefficient of the change in the operating parameter value under the i-th first operating parameter value and the j-th second operating parameter value, where I represents the number of first operating parameter values. This represents the reference coefficient corresponding to the j-th second running parameter value. Indicates to Find the absolute value. This represents the parameter variation vector for the i-th first running parameter value. Represents the reference vector. It represents the cosine similarity between the parameter change vector and the reference vector.

[0085] In the formula for calculating the relative controllability coefficient, when the first operating parameter is the inlet water temperature and the second operating parameter is the inlet water flow rate, This represents the difference between the influence coefficient of the i-th inlet water temperature at the j-th inlet water flow rate and the mean influence coefficient of the same inlet water flow rate at all inlet water temperatures, and the deviation. It reflects the degree of fluctuation of the influence coefficient of different inlet water temperatures under a fixed inlet water flow rate. The smaller the deviation, the closer the influence coefficient is to the mean value of the influence coefficient, the higher the stability, and the larger the relative controllability coefficient. The directional difference between the parameter variation vector and the reference vector at the i-th inlet water temperature was measured. The value of cosine similarity ranges from -1 to 1. The closer the cosine similarity is to 1, the more similar the directions are. The smaller the difference between 1 and 0, the more consistent the directions of the two vectors are, and the larger the relative controllability coefficient is.

[0086] In one specific implementation, the formula for calculating the relative controllability coefficient of the i-th first operating parameter value under the j-th second operating parameter value can also be:

[0087] In the formula, This represents a non-zero constant, used to avoid the case where the denominator of a fraction is zero. Its empirical value can be 0.01.

[0088] In the formula for calculating the relative controllability coefficient, It can measure the similarity between local trends and overall trends, that is, whether the changes in the current local and overall operating conditions are consistent. The more consistent they are, the greater the impact of the current local area. For the i-th first operating parameter value and the j-th second operating parameter value, controlling the change of its value will have a better control effect on the entire reaction process, and the relatively controllable coefficient will be larger.

[0089] It should be noted that, by referring to the calculation process of the relative controllability coefficient of the i-th first operating parameter value under the j-th second operating parameter value, the relative controllability coefficient of each first operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value can be obtained, that is, the relative controllability coefficient under each operating condition.

[0090] Thus, this embodiment has obtained the relative controllability coefficient for each operating condition.

[0091] S3. Based on the relative controllability coefficient and electrolyzer operating voltage under each operating condition, analyze the steady-state variation trend of the hydrolysis hydrogen production reaction and determine the degree of steady-state operation under each operating condition.

[0092] Here, the degree of operational steady state is used to characterize the extent to which the reaction process tends to a steady state under the control of the operating parameters under the current operating conditions. The greater the degree of operational steady state, the greater the likelihood that the current parameters related to hydrogen production by water electrolysis are the optimal test parameters, and the better the control effect of the hydrogen production by water electrolysis reaction process under the corresponding operating conditions.

[0093] In water electrolysis, adjusting any operating parameter (such as the inlet water flow rate) triggers a chain reaction of various physicochemical effects, which may contradict each other. Increasing the inlet water flow rate has both positive and negative effects. The positive effect is enhanced mass transfer, which removes gas bubbles generated in the reaction more quickly, thereby reducing concentration overpotential and improving voltage efficiency. The negative effect is that the benefits of increased flow rate (such as further reducing overpotential) gradually diminish (diminishing marginal returns). Simultaneously, it may also adversely affect other critical conditions such as reaction temperature by shortening the residence time of reactants in the cell or enhancing the cooling effect. Therefore, the final overall impact of adjusting a single parameter on the system is the net result of the superposition and cancellation of all these positive and negative effects. However, this net result is not achieved instantaneously. When the parameter changes, the system (electrolyzer) dynamically evolves from one state to another, and this dynamic process eventually approaches a stable equilibrium point, i.e., steady state.

[0094] Because different parameters affect the system in different ways and reach steady state through different paths, traditional control methods that only consider instantaneous response are crude. Truly effective and refined control requires analyzing and comparing the process and trend of the system's evolution towards steady state under different operating conditions (i.e., different parameter combinations). By identifying parameter adjustment paths that can quickly and smoothly transition to an efficient and stable state, the optimal control strategy can be proactively selected, thereby achieving refined and intelligent regulation of the entire reaction process.

[0095] In this embodiment, the relative controllability coefficients under all operating conditions are obtained. With the first operating parameter being the inlet water temperature and the second operating parameter being the inlet water flow rate, a two-dimensional sample space is constructed with the inlet water temperature as the horizontal axis and the inlet water flow rate as the vertical axis. The electrolyzer operating voltage under all operating conditions is then marked at the corresponding sample point positions in the two-dimensional sample space. Based on the two-dimensional sample space with the operating voltage marked, the steady-state variation trend of the hydrolysis hydrogen production reaction process is analyzed. There are three main directions of variation: the positive directions of parameter value increase, namely the inlet water temperature direction, the inlet water flow rate direction, and the intersection of the two.

[0096] For each operating condition, there are eight neighboring sample points corresponding to the electrolytic cell operating voltage performance under the operating condition. The steady-state variation trend is consistent with the three variation trends of the electrolytic cell operating voltage. Therefore, the steady-state degree of operation under different operating conditions can be quantified by analyzing the voltage differences in different directions.

[0097] As an exemplary implementation, the determination of the steady-state degree of operation under each operating condition is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, it includes:

[0098] S31, for each working condition, for the first and second operating parameter values, the first directional difference coefficient is determined based on the relative controllability coefficient of the first operating parameter value under the second operating parameter value, the electrolytic cell operating voltage, the first reference controllability coefficient, and the first reference operating voltage.

[0099] Here, the first directional difference coefficient is used at least to characterize the difference coefficient of sample points in the two-dimensional sample space in the direction of variation of the first operating parameter; the first reference controllable coefficient and the first reference working voltage are respectively the relative controllable coefficient of a first operating parameter value adjacent to the first operating parameter value under the second operating parameter value and the working voltage of the electrolytic cell.

[0100] S32, determine the second directional difference coefficient based on the relative controllability coefficient, the electrolytic cell operating voltage, the second reference controllability coefficient, and the second reference operating voltage.

[0101] Here, the second directional difference coefficient is used at least to characterize the difference coefficient of sample points in the two-dimensional sample space in the direction of variation of the second operating parameter; the second reference controllable coefficient and the second reference working voltage are respectively the relative controllable coefficient of a second operating parameter value adjacent to the second operating parameter value under the first operating parameter value and the working voltage of the electrolytic cell.

[0102] S33, determine the cross-direction difference coefficient based on the relative controllability coefficient, the electrolytic cell operating voltage, the third reference controllability coefficient, and the third reference operating voltage.

[0103] Here, the cross-direction difference coefficient is used at least to characterize the difference coefficient of the direction of variation of sample points in the two-dimensional sample space between the first operating parameter and the second operating parameter (e.g., 45° from the direction of the first operating parameter to the direction of the second operating parameter). The third reference controllable coefficient and the third reference operating voltage are respectively the relative controllable coefficient of a first operating parameter value adjacent to the first operating parameter value and the operating voltage of the electrolytic cell under a second operating parameter value adjacent to the second operating parameter value.

[0104] Since the calculation method for the difference coefficients of different directions of change is the same, the direction of the first operating parameter value, the direction of the second operating parameter value, and the intersection direction can be referred to as the direction to be determined. The difference coefficients for the direction to be determined include:

[0105] The product of the relative controllable coefficient and the electrolytic cell operating voltage is calculated as the first product, and the product of the undetermined reference controllable coefficient and the undetermined reference operating voltage is calculated as the second product; the undetermined reference controllable coefficient is the reference controllable coefficient corresponding to the undetermined direction, and the undetermined reference operating voltage is the reference operating voltage corresponding to the undetermined direction.

[0106] The difference coefficient of the undetermined direction is determined based on the difference between the first product and the second product.

[0107] In one specific implementation, the difference coefficient of the direction to be determined is determined by calculating the absolute value of the difference between the first product and the second product.

[0108] In one specific implementation, the formula for calculating the first directional difference coefficient of the i-th first operating parameter value under the j-th second operating parameter value can be:

[0109] In the formula, This represents the first directional difference coefficient for the i-th first operating parameter value under the j-th second operating parameter value. Indicates the first The relative controllability coefficient of the first operating parameter value under the j-th second operating parameter value, i.e., the first reference controllable coefficient. Indicates the first The electrolytic cell operating voltage under the j-th second operating parameter value, i.e., the first reference operating voltage. This represents the relative controllability coefficient of the i-th first operating parameter value under the j-th second operating parameter value. This represents the electrolytic cell operating voltage under the i-th first operating parameter value and the j-th second operating parameter value. This represents the function for finding the absolute value.

[0110] In the formula for calculating the difference coefficient in the first direction, Indicates the second product. The first product is represented by the relative controllability coefficient, which is used as the weight for the corresponding electrolyzer operating voltage. It represents the degree to which changes in operating parameters under a certain operating condition affect the water electrolysis reaction. The larger the relative controllability coefficient, the more sensitive the system is to changes in operating parameters and the easier it is to control. The electrolyzer operating voltage directly reflects the system's energy state and efficiency; the level of the operating voltage directly affects the energy consumption and reaction rate of hydrogen production. The result of multiplying the two under the same operating condition represents the controllability-weighted voltage, which considers both the system's controllability and energy state, and is used to evaluate the quality of the operating conditions at the sample point. The first directional difference coefficient can represent the first operating parameter from i to... By multiplying and then subtracting the changes, the combined impact of parameter changes on the overall system performance can be captured, which is more in line with the characteristics of multi-factor coupling in the water electrolysis process.

[0111] It should be noted that the larger the difference coefficient in the first direction, the more significant the change in the system state is caused by a small change in the parameter. The system is unstable or sensitive in that direction and may require a smaller adjustment step size for fine control. The smaller the difference coefficient in the first direction, the smoother the change is, the more stable the system is, and may allow a larger adjustment step size to improve optimization efficiency.

[0112] It should also be noted that the difference coefficient is used to subsequently determine the steady-state degree of operating parameters and optimize the adjustment step size. By evaluating the difference coefficient in different directions, the sensitive areas of the system to parameter changes can be identified, thereby achieving fine-grained control.

[0113] In one specific implementation, the formula for calculating the second directional difference coefficient of the j-th second operating parameter value under the i-th first operating parameter value can be:

[0114] In the formula, This represents the second-direction difference coefficient for the j-th second operating parameter value under the ith first operating parameter value. Indicates the first The relative controllability coefficient of the second operating parameter value under the i-th first operating parameter value, i.e., the second reference controllable coefficient. Indicates the first The second operating parameter value is the electrolytic cell operating voltage under the i-th first operating parameter value, i.e., the second reference operating voltage. This represents the relative controllability coefficient of the j-th second operating parameter value under the i-th first operating parameter value. This represents the electrolytic cell operating voltage under the j-th second operating parameter value and the i-th first operating parameter value. This represents the function for finding the absolute value.

[0115] In the formula for calculating the second-direction difference coefficient, the second-direction difference coefficient of the j-th second operating parameter value under the i-th first operating parameter value is equal to the second-direction difference coefficient of the i-th first operating parameter value under the j-th second operating parameter value. Since the calculation methods for the first-direction difference coefficient and the second-direction difference coefficient are the same, the calculation principle of the second-direction difference coefficient can be obtained by referring to the analysis of the calculation principle of the first-direction difference coefficient, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0116] In one specific implementation, the formula for calculating the cross-direction difference coefficient under the i-th first operating parameter value and the j-th second operating parameter value can be:

[0117] In the formula, This represents the cross-direction difference coefficient under the i-th first operating parameter value and the j-th second operating parameter value. Indicates the first The first running parameter value in the... The relative controllability coefficient under the second operating parameter value, i.e., the third reference controllable coefficient. Indicates the first The first running parameter value in the... The electrolytic cell operating voltage under the second operating parameter value, i.e., the third reference operating voltage. This represents the relative controllability coefficient of the i-th first operating parameter value under the j-th second operating parameter value. This represents the electrolytic cell operating voltage under the i-th first operating parameter value and the j-th second operating parameter value. This represents the function for finding the absolute value.

[0118] In the formula for calculating the cross-direction difference coefficient, since the calculation method of the first direction difference coefficient is the same as that of the third direction difference coefficient, the calculation principle of the third direction difference coefficient can be obtained by referring to the calculation principle analysis of the first direction difference coefficient. This will not be elaborated further here.

[0119] S34, integrate the first direction difference coefficient, the second direction difference coefficient and the cross direction difference coefficient to determine the steady-state degree of the first operating parameter value under the second operating parameter value.

[0120] Here, the steady-state performance can effectively reflect the comprehensive stability characteristics of the system in various parameter directions, providing an important basis for subsequent parameter optimization.

[0121] The difference coefficients of the three directions representing stability information are integrated into a comprehensive index, namely the steady-state degree of operation. In this embodiment, it is assumed that the contribution weights of the three directions to the overall stability are equal, and the information is smoothly integrated by arithmetic averaging.

[0122] Specifically, first, the average values ​​of the difference coefficients in the first direction, the second direction, and the cross direction are calculated. Then, the average difference coefficients are normalized by applying a negative correlation, and the resulting normalized value is used as the final steady-state operating level. A function can be used for this. This is used to achieve normalization of negative correlations.

[0123] In a specific implementation, the formula for calculating the steady-state performance of the i-th first operating parameter value under the j-th second operating parameter value can be:

[0124] In the formula, Let represent the steady-state performance of the i-th first operating parameter value under the j-th second operating parameter value, and exp represent an exponential function with the natural constant as the base. This represents the first directional difference coefficient for the i-th first operating parameter value under the j-th second operating parameter value. This represents the cross-direction difference coefficient under the i-th first operating parameter value and the j-th second operating parameter value. This represents the second directional difference coefficient for the j-th second operating parameter value under the i-th first operating parameter value.

[0125] In the formula for calculating the steady-state performance, the three difference coefficients together constitute a complete description of the stability at that operating point. This represents the average of the difference coefficients in the three directions, i.e., the average difference coefficient. When... When the coefficients are small, it indicates that the difference coefficients in all three directions are small, making the system stable in all directions at the current operating point. Fine-tuning the operating parameters will not cause drastic changes in the system state, and the adjustment step size of the operating parameters can be increased or kept constant; when A large difference coefficient indicates that the difference coefficient is large in at least one direction, making the system highly sensitive in one or more directions. Small changes in operating parameters may cause significant fluctuations in the system state. Therefore, the adjustment step size of the operating parameters can be appropriately reduced.

[0126] Referring to the calculation process of the steady-state degree of the i-th first operating parameter value under the j-th second operating parameter value, the steady-state degree of each first operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value can be obtained.

[0127] Thus, this embodiment obtains the steady-state degree of operation of each first operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value, that is, the steady-state degree of operation under each operating condition.

[0128] S4 dynamically optimizes the adjustment step size of each type of operating parameter value by the steady state of operation under each working condition, and then determines the optimal operating parameter value group corresponding to the water electrolysis hydrogen production test based on the adjustment results.

[0129] By determining the optimal set of operating parameters, the hydrogen production system can produce hydrogen at the lowest cost, highest efficiency, and most stable state under any given conditions, while ensuring safety, and also has the ability to adapt to future changes.

[0130] The steady-state performance quantifies the net result after the interaction of all complex factors in the water electrolysis process. The higher the steady-state performance of an operating condition, the more precise the control of that condition. Therefore, the steady-state performance is used as the core evaluation index to determine whether the adjustment step size under each operating condition needs to be optimized. If optimization is required, the steady-state performance is used to optimize the adjustment step size, thereby obtaining the adjustment result. Based on the adjustment result, the optimal set of operating parameter values ​​corresponding to the water electrolysis hydrogen production test is determined.

[0131] As an exemplary implementation, the above-described dynamic optimization of the adjustment step size of each type of operating parameter value based on the steady-state state under each operating condition includes:

[0132] For each value of the second running parameter, execute:

[0133] Based on the steady-state state of all first operating parameter values ​​under the second operating parameter values, a first steady-state state threshold corresponding to the second operating parameter value is determined; for each first operating parameter value, the first steady-state state is compared with the first steady-state state threshold.

[0134] If the first steady-state level is greater than or equal to the first steady-state level threshold, the adjustment step size of the first operating parameter value remains unchanged; if the first steady-state level is less than the first steady-state level threshold, the adjustment step size of the first operating parameter value is optimized according to the first steady-state level, and the optimized adjustment step size is used as the final adjustment step size of the first operating parameter value; the first steady-state level is the steady-state level corresponding to the dynamically changing first operating parameter value.

[0135] When the first steady-state level is greater than or equal to the first steady-state level threshold, it indicates that the steady-state level is relatively large, which means that the system is running stably, the parameter changes have little impact, the step size remains unchanged, the current adjustment step size can be maintained, and unnecessary waste of computing resources can be avoided.

[0136] In one specific implementation, determining the first steady-state threshold corresponding to the second operating parameter value includes:

[0137] Calculate the average of the steady-state performance of all the first operating parameter values ​​under the second operating parameter values, and denot it as the first average value. Use the first average value as the first steady-state threshold corresponding to the second operating parameter value.

[0138] In one specific implementation, the adjustment step size of the j-th second operating parameter at the ith first operating parameter value is optimized based on the first steady-state level of operation, and the calculation formula can be:

[0139] In the formula, This represents the optimization adjustment step size of the j-th second running parameter for the i-th first running parameter value. Indicates the standard adjustment step size. This represents the steady-state degree of the j-th second operating parameter under the i-th first operating parameter value, i.e., the first steady-state degree of operation. This indicates that the j-th second runtime parameter is in the... Adjustment step size under the first running parameter value.

[0140] In the calculation formula for the optimization adjustment step size, the smaller the steady state of operation, the worse the control effect of the hydrolysis hydrogen production reaction process under the working condition corresponding to the j-th second operating parameter and the ith first operating parameter value. The greater the optimization degree of the adjustment step size, the smaller the step size can be, the more refined the parameter scan can be, and the key optimal parameter range can be avoided, thereby improving the optimization accuracy. Therefore, the steady state of operation and the optimization adjustment step size are negatively correlated. It can characterize the amount of step size adjustment.

[0141] For each of the first runtime parameter values, execute:

[0142] Based on the steady-state performance of all second operating parameter values ​​under the first operating parameter values, determine the second steady-state performance threshold corresponding to the first operating parameter values; for each second operating parameter value, compare the second steady-state performance with the second steady-state performance threshold.

[0143] If the second steady-state degree is greater than or equal to the second steady-state degree threshold, the adjustment step size of the second operating parameter value remains unchanged; if the second steady-state degree is less than the second steady-state degree threshold, the adjustment step size of the second operating parameter value is optimized according to the second steady-state degree, and the optimized adjustment step size is used as the final adjustment step size of the second operating parameter value; the second steady-state degree is the steady-state degree of operation corresponding to the dynamically changing second operating parameter value.

[0144] In one specific implementation, determining the second steady-state threshold corresponding to the first operating parameter value includes:

[0145] Calculate the average of the steady-state performance of all the second operating parameter values ​​under the first operating parameter values, and denote it as the second average value. Use the second average value as the second steady-state threshold corresponding to the first operating parameter value.

[0146] In one specific implementation, the adjustment step size of the i-th first operating parameter at the j-th second operating parameter value is optimized based on the second steady-state level, and the calculation formula can be:

[0147] In the formula, This represents the step size for optimizing the i-th first running parameter in the j-th second running parameter value. Indicates the standard adjustment step size. This represents the steady-state degree of the i-th first operating parameter under the j-th second operating parameter, i.e., the second steady-state degree. This indicates that the i-th first running parameter is in the... Adjustment step size under the second running parameter value.

[0148] For the i-th first operating parameter and the j-th second operating parameter, the numerical values ​​of the first and second steady-state operating degrees are the same, which further illustrates that the adjustment amount in the optimization adjustment step size calculation process is the same for both.

[0149] Thus, the optimized adjustment results of the various operating parameter values ​​for the two types of reactions with correlation were obtained, which enabled fine-grained control over the changes in reaction process parameters.

[0150] As an exemplary implementation, the optimal set of operating parameter values ​​for the hydrogen production test via water electrolysis is determined based on the adjustment results, including:

[0151] After obtaining the adjustment results of each first operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value and the adjustment results of each second operating parameter value under each first operating parameter value, the first and second operating parameter values ​​are combined based on the optimized adjustment step size to form a series of new, more reasonably distributed test operating points. The PEM electrolyzer is run under the newly obtained test operating points and its operating current and voltage are measured to efficiently obtain the complete IV polarization curve. Subsequently, by analyzing the IV polarization curve (for example, finding the region with the lowest energy consumption per unit hydrogen production or the highest voltage efficiency), the optimal parameter set values ​​are calculated, and finally the optimal operating parameter value set corresponding to the water electrolysis hydrogen production test is obtained.

[0152] It should be noted that the adaptive reduction of the step size achieved through steady-state conditions emphasizes accuracy in unstable regions and maintains efficiency in stable regions, overcoming the shortcomings of fixed step sizes. The gradual reduction of the step size is similar to the adaptive step size decay in optimization algorithms, which helps to gradually approach the optimal parameter set, reduce the testing cycle, and ensure accuracy. Finally, through precise optimization, the optimal set of operating parameter values ​​is determined, thereby improving hydrogen production and system operating efficiency.

[0153] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a water electrolysis hydrogen production testing system, comprising: a memory and a processor; the memory is connected to the processor; the memory is used to store program instructions; the processor is used to implement the steps of a water electrolysis hydrogen production testing method when the program instructions are executed.

[0154] In another embodiment of the present invention, a water electrolysis hydrogen production testing device is provided, including a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a water electrolysis hydrogen production testing method.

[0155] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for testing hydrogen production via hydrolysis, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Obtain the operating voltage of the electrolytic cell under several operating conditions; the operating conditions consist of different types of operating parameter values ​​that are related to the reaction, and the number of operating parameter types corresponding to one operating condition is not less than two; Based on the operating voltage of the electrolyzer under each operating condition, the relative controllability coefficient for each operating condition is determined; the relative controllability coefficient is at least used to characterize the degree of influence of changes in operating parameter values ​​on the water electrolysis reaction; Based on the relative controllability coefficient and electrolyzer operating voltage under each operating condition, the steady-state variation trend of the hydrolysis hydrogen production reaction is analyzed in the positive direction of parameter value increase, and the degree of steady-state operation under each operating condition is determined. By dynamically optimizing the adjustment step size of each type of operating parameter value under each operating condition's steady-state state, the optimal operating parameter value set corresponding to the water electrolysis hydrogen production test is determined based on the adjustment results.

2. The method for hydrogen production by hydrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the relative controllability coefficient for each operating condition based on the electrolytic cell operating voltage under each operating condition includes: Based on the electrolytic cell operating voltage of each first operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value, determine the influence coefficient of the operating parameter value variation of each first operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value; the first operating parameter value is any type of operating parameter value constituting the operating condition, and the second operating parameter value is another type of operating parameter value that is different from the type of the first operating parameter value; Based on the influence coefficient of the change in operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value for each first operating parameter value, determine the relative controllability coefficient of each first operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value.

3. The method for hydrogen production by hydrolysis according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of determining the influence coefficient of the variation of each first operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value based on the electrolytic cell operating voltage under each second operating parameter value includes: Determine the voltage difference between every two second operating parameter values ​​corresponding to the same first operating parameter value; the voltage difference is obtained by subtracting the operating voltages of the two electrolytic cells. Based on the maximum voltage difference of each first operating parameter value and the voltage difference between each second operating parameter value of each first operating parameter value and its adjacent second operating parameter values, the influence coefficient of the operating parameter value variation of each first operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value is determined; the second operating parameter values ​​under the same first operating parameter value are arranged in a preset order, the preset order being ascending or descending, and the voltage difference value is the absolute value of the voltage difference.

4. The method for hydrogen production by hydrolysis according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of determining the relative controllability coefficient of each first operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value based on the influence coefficient of the operating parameter value variation of each first operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value includes: Obtain a vector consisting of the electrolytic cell operating voltage of each second operating parameter value under the same first operating parameter value, as the parameter variation vector, and then determine the average value of all parameter variation vectors as the reference vector; Based on the influence coefficient of each first operating parameter value on the change of operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value, and the similarity between the parameter change vector and the reference vector of each first operating parameter value, the relative controllability coefficient of each first operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value is determined.

5. The method for hydrogen production by hydrolysis according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of determining the relative controllability coefficient of each first operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value based on the influence coefficient of the operating parameter value variation under each second operating parameter value and the similarity between the parameter variation vector and the reference vector of each first operating parameter value includes: Calculate the average value of the influence coefficient of the change in operating parameter value under different first operating parameter values ​​for the same second operating parameter value, and use it as a reference coefficient; Based on the difference between the influence coefficient of the change in operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value and the reference coefficient, and the degree of similarity, the relative controllability coefficient of each first operating parameter value under each second operating parameter value is determined.

6. The method for hydrogen production by hydrolysis according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of analyzing the steady-state variation trend of the hydrolysis hydrogen production reaction based on the relative controllability coefficient and electrolyzer operating voltage under each operating condition, and determining the degree of operational steady-state under each operating condition, includes: For each operating condition, a first directional difference coefficient is determined based on the relative controllability coefficient of the first operating parameter value under the second operating parameter value, the electrolytic cell operating voltage, the first reference controllability coefficient, and the first reference operating voltage. The first reference controllability coefficient and the first reference operating voltage are respectively the relative controllability coefficient of a first operating parameter value adjacent to the first operating parameter value under the second operating parameter value and the electrolytic cell operating voltage. The second directional difference coefficient is determined based on the relative controllable coefficient, the electrolytic cell operating voltage, the second reference controllable coefficient, and the second reference operating voltage; the second reference controllable coefficient and the second reference operating voltage are respectively the relative controllable coefficient and the electrolytic cell operating voltage of a second operating parameter value adjacent to the second operating parameter value under the first operating parameter value. Based on the relative controllable coefficient, the electrolytic cell operating voltage, the third reference controllable coefficient, and the third reference operating voltage, the cross-direction difference coefficient is determined; the third reference controllable coefficient and the third reference operating voltage are respectively the relative controllable coefficient and the electrolytic cell operating voltage of a first operating parameter value adjacent to the first operating parameter value under a second operating parameter value adjacent to the second operating parameter value. By integrating the first directional difference coefficient, the second directional difference coefficient, and the cross-directional difference coefficient, the steady-state degree of operation of the first operating parameter value under the second operating parameter value is determined.

7. The method for hydrogen production by hydrolysis according to claim 6, characterized in that, The directions of the first operating parameter value, the second operating parameter value, and the intersection direction are referred to as the directions to be determined. Determining the difference coefficient of the directions to be determined includes: The product of the relative controllable coefficient and the electrolytic cell operating voltage is calculated as the first product, and the product of the undetermined reference controllable coefficient and the undetermined reference operating voltage is calculated as the second product; the undetermined reference controllable coefficient is the reference controllable coefficient corresponding to the undetermined direction, and the undetermined reference operating voltage is the reference operating voltage corresponding to the undetermined direction. Based on the difference between the first product and the second product, the difference coefficient of the direction to be determined is determined.

8. The method for hydrogen production by hydrolysis according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjustment step size for dynamically optimizing the operating parameter values ​​of each type based on the steady-state state under each operating condition includes: For each value of the second running parameter, execute: Based on the steady-state state of all first operating parameter values ​​under the second operating parameter values, a first steady-state state threshold corresponding to the second operating parameter value is determined; for each first operating parameter value, the first steady-state state is compared with the first steady-state state threshold. If the first steady-state level is greater than or equal to the first steady-state level threshold, the adjustment step size of the first operating parameter value remains unchanged; if the first steady-state level is less than the first steady-state level threshold, the adjustment step size of the first operating parameter value is optimized according to the first steady-state level, and the optimized adjustment step size is used as the final adjustment step size of the first operating parameter value; the first steady-state level is the steady-state level corresponding to the dynamically changing first operating parameter value. For each of the first runtime parameter values, execute: Based on the steady-state performance of all second operating parameter values ​​under the first operating parameter values, determine the second steady-state performance threshold corresponding to the first operating parameter values; for each second operating parameter value, compare the second steady-state performance with the second steady-state performance threshold. If the second steady-state degree is greater than or equal to the second steady-state degree threshold, the adjustment step size of the second operating parameter value remains unchanged; if the second steady-state degree is less than the second steady-state degree threshold, the adjustment step size of the second operating parameter value is optimized according to the second steady-state degree, and the optimized adjustment step size is used as the final adjustment step size of the second operating parameter value; the second steady-state degree is the steady-state degree of operation corresponding to the dynamically changing second operating parameter value.

9. A water electrolysis hydrogen production testing system, characterized in that, include: Memory and processor; The memory is connected to the processor; The memory is used to store program instructions; The processor is configured to implement the steps of the hydrogen production test method by hydrolysis according to any one of claims 1-8 when the program instructions are executed.

10. A hydrogen production testing device based on water electrolysis, characterized in that, The invention includes a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a water electrolysis hydrogen production test method according to any one of claims 1-8.

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