Object relation mapping method and system based on power system secondary equipment database

Abstract

The invention provides a database object relation mapping method based on secondary equipment of an electric power system, which comprises the following steps: analyzing and classifying the secondary equipment of the electric power system, defining attributes and parameters of different equipment, sorting association relations among the equipment, and forming a secondary equipment object information system; designing an adaptive database model according to a secondary equipment object information system, and creating corresponding data tables for different types of secondary equipment to realize effective storage and management of secondary equipment data; the method comprises the following steps: mapping secondary equipment in a power system and related data thereof into a database through a data relation mapping method of the secondary equipment in the power system, and establishing a corresponding data relation; and querying and analyzing the data according to actual requirements through the mapping relationship. The method has the advantages that the problems existing in data management of secondary equipment of a traditional power system are effectively solved, the efficiency and reliability of data management and application are improved, and powerful support is provided for safe and stable operation of the power system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power system database management and mapping technology, specifically to a method and system for mapping object relationships in a power system secondary equipment database. Background Technology

[0002] With the development and modernization of power systems, the number and complexity of secondary equipment (such as transformers, circuit breakers, and relays) in power systems are constantly increasing. These secondary devices play a crucial role in power systems, responsible for monitoring, protecting, and controlling the operation of power systems; therefore, effective management and maintenance of them are essential.

[0003] Traditionally, secondary equipment data in power systems is typically scattered across various systems and files, such as telemetry, telesignaling, and remote control systems. This leads to inefficient data management and maintenance, and presents challenges for data analysis and fault diagnosis. Furthermore, due to the complexity of power systems, there are intricate relationships between secondary equipment, such as the protection relationships between transformers and relays, and the relationships between circuit breakers and remote control signals. Traditional data management methods often struggle to effectively express and utilize these relationships.

[0004] Therefore, to address the problems and challenges in the management of secondary equipment data in power systems, a new method is needed to achieve unified management and effective utilization of secondary equipment data. This method should be able to map secondary equipment and its related data, as well as the relationships between them, into a database, enabling centralized storage and unified management of the data. Simultaneously, it should provide efficient query and analysis functions to support applications such as power system operation monitoring, fault diagnosis, and equipment management. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention:

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes a database object-relational mapping method and system based on secondary equipment in power systems, aiming to solve the problems of complexity and inefficiency in traditional power system secondary equipment data management. With the continuous development and expansion of power systems, the number and types of secondary equipment are constantly increasing, making power system data management face increasingly complex challenges. Traditional data management methods often employ distributed storage, leading to inconvenient data management, difficulty in grasping data relationships, and low data query efficiency. Therefore, this invention aims to achieve centralized management and effective utilization of power system secondary equipment data.

[0007] Technical solution:

[0008] This invention provides a database object relation mapping method based on secondary equipment in a power system, comprising the following steps:

[0009] S01. Analyze and classify the secondary equipment of the power system, define the attributes and parameters of different equipment, sort out the relationships between equipment, and form a secondary equipment object information system;

[0010] S02. Based on the secondary equipment object information system, design an appropriate database model and create corresponding data tables for different types of secondary equipment to achieve effective storage and management of secondary equipment data;

[0011] S03. Using the power system secondary equipment data relationship mapping method, the secondary equipment and its related data in the power system are mapped to the database, and corresponding data relationships are established;

[0012] S04. Based on the above mapping relationship, query and analyze the data according to actual needs.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S01, the equipment classification includes transformers, circuit breakers, and relays, etc.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S01, the equipment attributes include equipment model, manufacturer, installation date, operating status, etc., and the equipment parameters include rated voltage, rated current, power loss, response time, etc.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S02, the data table includes device attributes and parameter corresponding fields. The "Device ID" device primary key of each data table is used to establish different data associations through foreign keys to realize device mapping.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S03, the data relationships include topological relationships, protection relationships, control relationships, etc. among devices.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S03, the secondary device and its data are accurately mapped to the database by mapping metadata.

[0018] Furthermore, the associated mapping metadata can be provided via configuration files, annotations, or code.

[0019] Furthermore, in step S03, the mapping method includes mapping device attributes to table fields, mapping device associations to table foreign keys, mapping data types to formats, and unifying data types and formats.

[0020] The system based on the database object relational mapping method for secondary equipment in a power system according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following modules:

[0021] Database management module: Responsible for basic management of database creation, modification, and deletion, and provides data backup and recovery functions;

[0022] Data acquisition module: It adopts a combination of real-time and timed acquisition methods, and acquires data through power-specific communication protocols such as IEC 61850;

[0023] Data processing module: Cleans, transforms, and verifies raw data to ensure that the data can be accurately mapped to the database;

[0024] Data access control module: Sets user access permissions and roles, with different roles having different operating permissions to ensure data security and confidentiality.

[0025] Preferably, the data acquisition module acquires real-time operating status data of the secondary equipment at a frequency of not less than once per second; and periodically acquires equipment attribute and static parameter data at a frequency of once per minute to once per hour.

[0026] Beneficial effects:

[0027] This invention innovatively proposes a database object relational mapping method and system based on power system secondary equipment, which effectively solves the problems existing in traditional power system secondary equipment data management, improves the efficiency and reliability of data management and application, and provides strong support for the safe and stable operation of the power system. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 It is a topology diagram of a database object-relational mapping system.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a topology diagram of the database object-relational mapping security protection layer.

[0030] Figure 3 This is an ER diagram showing the relationships between devices. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The specific implementation methods of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the present invention proposes the following technical solution:

[0033] Database object definition: A comprehensive analysis and classification of secondary equipment in the power system is conducted, clearly defining equipment types and covering core equipment such as transformers, circuit breakers, and relays. Detailed definitions of attributes and parameters for different equipment types are provided. Attributes include basic information such as equipment model, manufacturer, installation date, and operating status, while parameters include key performance indicators such as voltage ratings, current ratings, power loss, and response time. Simultaneously, the relationships between equipment are clarified, such as the power supply control relationship between transformers and feeder circuit breakers, and the fault protection relationship between relays and main transformers, forming a complete secondary equipment object information system and laying the foundation for database model design.

[0034] Database Model Design: Based on the secondary equipment objects and their relationships, a suitable database model was designed. Corresponding data tables were created for different types of secondary equipment, such as "Transformer Data Table," "Circuit Breaker Data Table," and "Relay Data Table," each containing fields corresponding to equipment attributes and parameters. The "Equipment ID" in each data table was set as the primary key to ensure record uniqueness. Foreign keys were used to establish relationships between different data tables; for example, the "Relay Data Table" foreign key associated with "Transformer ID" was linked to the "Transformer Data Table" primary key with "Equipment ID," thus achieving equipment relationship mapping. The design process fully considered data complexity and practicality, reserving space for field expansion to accommodate future increases in equipment types or parameter updates. Through carefully designed data table structures, field definitions, primary keys, and foreign keys, effective storage and management of secondary equipment data were achieved. This database model aims to fully consider the complexity and practicality of power system data to meet the actual needs of power system management.

[0035] Data Relationship Mapping: This invention proposes a data relationship mapping method for secondary equipment in power systems. This method maps secondary equipment and its related data in the power system to a database, establishing corresponding data relationships. These relationships include topological relationships, protection relationships, and control relationships between equipment, thereby achieving effective data association and querying. This relationship mapping method allows users to easily query and analyze data according to actual needs, thus better understanding and managing the power system. Accurate mapping of secondary equipment and its data to the database is achieved through mapping metadata, which can be provided via configuration files, annotations, or code. This includes mapping equipment attributes to table fields to ensure accurate storage of equipment attribute data; mapping equipment relationships to table foreign keys; and mapping data types and formats, unifying data types (integer, floating-point, etc.) and formats (date format "YYYY-MM-DD", voltage unit "kV, etc.) to ensure data consistency and standardization.

[0036] System Implementation: Based on the above mapping method, a complete data management system for secondary equipment in the power system is constructed, including the following core modules:

[0037] Database Management Module: Responsible for basic management of database creation, modification, and deletion, and provides data backup and recovery functions. It combines scheduled automatic backups (e.g., daily at 1 AM) with manually triggered backups. Backup data is stored on a remote server, supporting rapid data recovery based on backup timestamps.

[0038] Data acquisition module: Employs a combination of real-time and timed acquisition methods, using power-specific communication protocols such as IEC 61850 to collect data. Real-time acquisition of secondary equipment operating status data occurs at a frequency of no less than once per second; timed acquisition of equipment attribute and static parameter data occurs at a frequency adjustable from once per minute to once per hour.

[0039] Data processing module: Cleans the raw data (removes noise, redundancy, and erroneous data), transforms it (converts it to a format that conforms to the database storage format), and validates it (checks its integrity and accuracy) to ensure that the data can be accurately mapped to the database.

[0040] Query and Analysis Module: Supports multi-condition combined queries and fuzzy queries, has built-in efficient algorithms, provides data statistics and trend analysis functions, and displays results in the form of tables, charts, etc., and supports exporting to Excel, PDF, and CSV format files.

[0041] Data access control module: Sets user access permissions and roles (system administrator, maintenance personnel, general query personnel, etc.). Different roles have different operation permissions to ensure data security and confidentiality.

[0042] Example:

[0043] To clearly demonstrate the implementation process and effects of this invention, the following describes in detail the specific implementation steps, technical parameter configuration, and implementation effect verification of this invention, taking into account the actual scenario of secondary equipment data management in a 220kV substation, to ensure that the technical solution of this invention is feasible and reproducible.

[0044] (I) Implementation Scenarios and Preliminary Preparations

[0045] Implementation Scenarios Overview

[0046] This implementation selects a 220kV hub substation in a certain region as the application scenario. This substation undertakes important power transmission and distribution tasks in the region and has been in operation for more than 8 years. The existing secondary equipment includes: 2 main transformers, 12 high-voltage circuit breakers, 32 sets of relay protection devices (including line protection, main transformer protection, bus protection, etc.), 24 measurement and control devices, and 6 automatic devices (such as backup automatic transfer devices).

[0047] Previously, this substation used a traditional distributed data management model. Data from main transformers, circuit breakers, and other equipment were stored in their respective local storage units of protection and control devices. Telemetry data was uploaded to the SCADA system, remote signaling data was entered into maintenance management Excel spreadsheets, and remote control operation records were stored in the dispatch automation system, resulting in isolated data across multiple systems. When maintenance personnel performed equipment status analysis, they had to simultaneously log into the SCADA system, consult Excel spreadsheets, and retrieve dispatch records, with an average data aggregation time exceeding 40 minutes per session. During fault diagnosis, the inability to quickly correlate protection relationships between devices—for example, difficulty in promptly tracing the operational status of associated circuit breakers and relays when a main transformer failed—led to an average fault location time of up to 1.5 hours, severely impacting substation maintenance efficiency and power supply reliability. Therefore, the technical solution of this invention is urgently needed to address this issue.

[0048] Preliminary preparations

[0049] Hardware deployment: Configure 3 industrial-grade servers, which will serve as database server, data acquisition server and application server respectively; deploy 8 data acquisition gateways to access the communication interfaces of secondary equipment from different manufacturers, supporting multiple power communication protocols such as IEC61850MMS, IEC103, and Modbus; configure 2 network switches to build a dedicated data communication network within the station to ensure data transmission stability.

[0050] Software environment setup: MySQL is installed on the database server, with master-slave replication enabled. The master server is used for real-time data storage, and the slave servers serve as backup nodes to prevent data loss. A Java-based data acquisition program is deployed on the data acquisition server, integrating a third-party communication protocol parsing library to achieve multi-protocol data parsing. A container is installed on the application server to deploy the web application of the secondary equipment data management system designed in this invention. The front-end uses the Vue.js framework to develop the user interface. Browsers are installed on client devices (maintenance personnel's computers, dispatch center workstations) to ensure normal system access.

[0051] Basic Data Review: Substation operation and maintenance experts, equipment manufacturer technicians, and the invention implementation team jointly conducted a thorough review and data review of all secondary equipment within the substation. Using a combination of equipment ledger and on-site measurement, the basic attributes (equipment ID, model, manufacturer, manufacturing date, commissioning date, installation location), technical parameters (rated voltage, rated current, rated power, operating time, setting value), and related relationships (e.g., circuit breakers No. 3 and No. 4 associated with main transformer No. 1, the corresponding main transformer protection devices, and the measurement and control device numbers) of each piece of equipment were verified. This resulted in the "Basic Data List of Secondary Equipment in 220kV Substations," providing an accurate basis for subsequent database object definition and model design.

[0052] (II) Database object definition implementation

[0053] Based on the previously compiled "Basic Data List of Secondary Equipment in 220kV Substations", and following the "Database Object Definition" steps of this invention, the secondary equipment within the substation is classified, its attribute parameters are defined, and its relationships are clarified. The specific implementation is as follows:

[0054] Secondary equipment classification

[0055] A three-level classification system of "major category - subcategory - specific equipment" is adopted to clarify the classification results of secondary equipment within the station:

[0056] Main equipment protection category: includes main transformer protection devices, line protection devices, and busbar protection devices;

[0057] Switchgear category: including high-voltage circuit breakers and disconnect switches (although disconnect switches are primary equipment, their operation and control depend on secondary circuits, so they are included in the scope of secondary equipment related management).

[0058] Measurement and control equipment: includes measurement and control devices, telemetry acquisition units, and remote signaling acquisition units;

[0059] Automatic devices include automatic switching devices, synchronizing devices, and fault recording devices.

[0060] Device attributes and parameter definitions

[0061] For each type of device, an "attribute table + parameter table" format is used to define its attributes and parameters in detail, ensuring that the data dimensions are complete and accurate.

[0062] Main transformer protection devices:

[0063] Attributes: Device ID, Device Name, Model, Manufacturer, Manufacturing Date, Commissioning Date, Installation Location, Operating Status, Software Version, Hardware Version;

[0064] Parameters: Rated operating voltage, rated current, operating time (differential protection ≤20ms, gas protection ≤30ms), setting value (differential instantaneous trip current 20A, ratio braking coefficient 0.3), communication address, sampling frequency.

[0065] High-voltage circuit breakers:

[0066] Attributes: Device ID, Device Name, Model, Manufacturer, Date of Manufacture, Date of Commissioning, Installation Location, Operating Status (Close / Open / Energy Storage Abnormality), Type of Operating Mechanism (Hydraulic Mechanism), Maintenance Cycle (6 months);

[0067] Parameters: Rated voltage, rated current, rated breaking current, rated closing current, mechanical life, opening time, closing time, operating voltage.

[0068] Other equipment (monitoring and control devices, automatic transfer switches, etc.): Refer to the above format, combine the equipment technical specifications and on-site measured data, complete the attribute and parameter definition of all equipment, and form the "Detailed List of Attribute Parameters of Secondary Equipment in 220kV Substations", ensuring that each data item has a clear source and verification basis.

[0069] Equipment Relationship Analysis

[0070] like Figure 3 As shown, the "Entity-Relationship (ER) Diagram" tool is used to organize and visualize the relationships between devices, focusing on clarifying the following three core relationships:

[0071] Protection relationships: For example, the relationship between main transformer No. 1 (BT-001) and the main transformer protection devices (BHZ-001 and BHZ-002, which are the main protection and backup protection respectively) and associated circuit breakers (DL-003 and DL-004) is defined as "1 main transformer corresponds to 2 sets of protection devices and 2 circuit breakers. When the protection device operates, it triggers the corresponding circuit breaker to trip".

[0072] Control relationship: such as the relationship between the monitoring and control device (CK-003) and the circuit breaker (DL-003) and disconnector (G-005), which is defined as "1 monitoring and control device can control 1 circuit breaker and 2 disconnectors to realize remote control opening and closing operations";

[0073] Topology: The relationship between the 220kV I-section busbar (MX-001) and the connected circuit breakers (DL-003, DL-005) and voltage transformer (PT-001) is defined as "1".

[0074] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A database object-relational mapping method based on secondary equipment in a power system, comprising the following steps: S01. Analyze and classify the secondary equipment of the power system, define the attributes and parameters of different equipment, sort out the relationships between equipment, and form a secondary equipment object information system; S02. Based on the secondary equipment object information system, design an appropriate database model and create corresponding data tables for different types of secondary equipment to achieve effective storage and management of secondary equipment data; S03. Using the power system secondary equipment data relationship mapping method, the secondary equipment and its related data in the power system are mapped to the database, and corresponding data relationships are established; S04. Based on the above mapping relationship, query and analyze the data according to actual needs.

2. The database object relational mapping method based on secondary equipment of a power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S01, the equipment classification includes transformers, circuit breakers, and relays, etc.

3. The database object relational mapping method based on secondary equipment of a power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S01, the equipment attributes include equipment model, manufacturer, installation date, operating status, etc., and the equipment parameters include rated voltage, rated current, power loss, response time, etc.

4. The database object-relational mapping method based on secondary equipment of a power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S02, the data table includes device attributes and parameter corresponding fields. The "Device ID" device primary key of each data table is used to establish different data associations through foreign keys to realize device mapping.

5. The database object relational mapping method based on secondary equipment of a power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S03, the data relationships include topological relationships, protection relationships, control relationships, etc. among devices.

6. The database object relational mapping method based on secondary equipment of a power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S03, the secondary device and its data are accurately mapped to the database by mapping metadata.

7. The database object relational mapping method based on power system secondary equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The associated mapping metadata can be provided via configuration files, annotations, or code.

8. The database object relational mapping method based on power system secondary equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S03, the mapping method includes mapping device attributes to table fields, mapping device associations to table foreign keys, mapping data types to formats, and unifying data types and formats.

9. A system based on the database object relational mapping method for secondary equipment in a power system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Includes the following modules, Database management module: Responsible for basic management of database creation, modification, and deletion, and provides data backup and recovery functions; Data acquisition module: It adopts a combination of real-time and timed acquisition methods, and acquires data through power-specific communication protocols such as IEC 61850; Data processing module: Cleans, transforms, and verifies raw data to ensure that the data can be accurately mapped to the database; Data access control module: Sets user access permissions and roles, with different roles having different operating permissions to ensure data security and confidentiality.

10. The database object-relational mapping system for secondary equipment in a power system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The data acquisition module collects real-time operating status data of the secondary equipment at a frequency of no less than once per second; it also collects equipment attribute and static parameter data at regular intervals at a frequency of once per minute to once per hour.

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