A kind of waste lithium iron phosphate battery pack disassembling equipment applying layer-by-layer dissociation structure

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of battery useful part regeneration, and discloses a waste and old lithium iron phosphate battery pack disassembling equipment applying a layer-by-layer dissociation structure, which comprises a base, the upper surface of the base is slidably connected with a clamping plate; a film pulling module, the film pulling module comprises a support fixed on the upper surface of the base, and the support is horizontally slidably connected with a horizontal frame through the slide rails arranged on the outer surface of the support. The waste and old lithium iron phosphate battery pack disassembling equipment applying the layer-by-layer dissociation structure can effectively solve the problem that in the prior art, the recovery and disassembly of the waste and old layer-stacked lithium iron phosphate battery mostly adopt manual peeling or a separation mode of integral crushing and cutting, it is difficult to completely and continuously separate the pole piece in the battery pack from the outer surface of the Z-shaped diaphragm layer by layer, which leads to the difficulty in separating the diaphragm from the pole piece in subsequent treatment, the diaphragm is easily broken and mixed into the electrode material, the recovery purity is affected, and dust and harmful gas are generated in the crushing process.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of battery useful part regeneration, in particular to a waste and old lithium iron phosphate battery pack disassembling device applying a layer-by-layer dissociation structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy automobile industry, lithium iron phosphate batteries have become the mainstream battery type in the automobile power field due to their high safety, long cycle life and low cost advantages. Among them, Z-type laminated lithium iron phosphate batteries are widely used in the battery packs of medium and high-end new energy vehicles due to their high volume utilization rate, low internal resistance and stable charging and discharging performance. The waste battery pack contains lithium iron phosphate, graphite, copper, aluminum, diaphragm and other recyclable resources, and efficient disassembly and recovery can not only reduce the dependence on primary mineral resources, but also reduce environmental pollution.

[0003] In the prior art, the recovery and disassembly of the waste laminated lithium iron phosphate battery are mostly manually peeled or separated by overall crushing and cutting, and it is difficult to completely and continuously separate the electrode sheet inside the battery pack from the outer surface of the Z-type diaphragm layer by layer, which leads to the difficulty in separating the diaphragm from the electrode sheet in the subsequent treatment, and the diaphragm is easily crushed and mixed into the electrode material, affecting the recovery purity, and the dust and harmful gas generated in the crushing process also pollute the environment. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, the application provides a waste and old lithium iron phosphate battery pack disassembling device applying a layer-by-layer dissociation structure, which can effectively solve the problem that in the prior art, the recovery and disassembly of the waste laminated lithium iron phosphate battery are mostly manually peeled or separated by overall crushing and cutting, and it is difficult to completely and continuously separate the electrode sheet inside the battery pack from the outer surface of the Z-type diaphragm layer by layer, which leads to the difficulty in separating the diaphragm from the electrode sheet in the subsequent treatment, and the diaphragm is easily crushed and mixed into the electrode material, affecting the recovery purity, and the dust and harmful gas generated in the crushing process also pollute the environment.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the application is implemented by the following technical scheme:

[0006] The application provides a waste and old lithium iron phosphate battery pack disassembling device applying a layer-by-layer dissociation structure, which comprises:

[0007] A base, the upper surface of the base is slidably connected with a clamping plate;

[0008] The utility model provides a draw film module, the draw film module includes the support fixed on the upper surface of base, the horizontal frame is connected with the horizontal frame through the slide rail of setting on its outer surface and slides horizontally, the horizontal frame is fixedly connected with the fixed plate through the vertical sliding of moving shaft in its inside, the lower surface of fixed plate is fixedly connected with the side plate, the inside rotation of side plate is connected with the pivot, the outer end of pivot extends to the outside of side plate and is provided with the chuck piece for grabbing Z type diaphragm starting end,

[0009] The utility model provides a separation module, the separation module includes the vertical plate connected with the lower surface of horizontal frame, the inside rotation of vertical plate is connected with the roller body,

[0010] Wherein, the chuck piece includes a center rod, the outer end of the center rod is fixedly connected with a fixed block, the outer side of the center rod is provided with a semicircular rod, the fixed block is slidably connected with a sliding block through a sliding groove formed in the inside thereof, and the side of the sliding block close to the center rod is fixedly connected with the outer end of the semicircular rod. The side plate is provided with two, and the two side plates are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the fixed plate. The fixed block is provided with two, and is fixedly connected with the two ends of the center rod.

[0011] Further, the semicircular rod is provided with two, and the two semicircular rods are symmetrically distributed around the center rod, and the inner surface of the semicircular rod is provided with a center groove matched with the outer surface of the center rod.

[0012] Further, the inside of the fixed block is provided with a receiving groove in communication with the inside of the sliding groove, the inside of the receiving groove is provided with a rotating rod rotatably connected with the outer surface of the sliding block, the outer ends of the two rotating rods are jointly rotatably connected with a connecting rod, the end of the connecting rod away from the rotating rod is fixedly connected with a connecting plate, the outer side of the fixed block is fixedly connected with a guide rod penetrating through the connecting plate, and the side of the connecting plate close to the fixed block is provided with a spring sleeved on the circumferential outer surface of the guide rod.

[0013] Further, the side of the semicircular rod close to the center rod is designed with magnetic attraction, the side of the side plate close to the center rod is provided with a gas cylinder fixedly connected with the bottom end of the fixed plate, and the output end of the gas cylinder is fixedly connected with a pressing plate matched with the outer surface of the connecting plate.

[0014] Further, the side end of the side plate is provided with a belt pulley set, the end of the rotating shaft away from the fixed block penetrates through the outer side of the side plate and is fixedly connected with a gear, and the bottom end of the belt pulley set is engaged with the outer surface of the gear. The outer surface of the side plate is provided with a motor, and the top end of the belt pulley set is connected with the motor.

[0015] Further, the outer surface of the fixed block is fixedly connected with a baffle, the side of the baffle close to the center rod is flush with the outer surface of the fixed block, and the circumferential outer surface of the semicircular rod is designed with rubber material.

[0016] Further, the lower surface of the fixed plate is slidably connected with a slitting cutter, two sides of the slitting cutter are provided with cutter edges, and the lower surface of the slitting cutter is attached to the outer surface of the semicircular rod in the combined state.

[0017] Further, the roller body is provided with two, the two roller bodies are symmetrically distributed with the fixed plate as the center, the circumferential outer surface of the roller body is fixedly connected with a separation block, and the separation block is provided with a plurality of groups and is staggered distributed along the axial direction of the roller body.

[0018] Further, the inside of the separation block is provided with a notch, the outer surface of the separation block is fixedly connected with a rubber strip, the separation block is an arc-shaped sheet structure, and the curvature of the arc-shaped outer surface of the separation block gradually increases from the root close to the roller body to the free end.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The present application is provided with a film pulling module and a separation module, the existing recycled lithium iron phosphate battery is mostly manually stripped or broken as a whole, which is low in efficiency and easy to damage the separator, in the present application, before the chuck catches the end of the separator, the connecting plate is pressed down by the cylinder pushing the pressing plate, not only driving the two semicircular rods to be in an open state, but also using the vertically positioned pressing plate to correct the angle of the connecting plate and the fixed block, ensuring that the flat part of the two semicircular rods is perpendicular to the base, thereby aligning the top end of the horizontally placed separator, and then making the flat part of the semicircular rod perpendicular to the upper surface of the separator, avoiding the offset and skew state during grabbing, after the cylinder is retracted, the two semicircular rods are quickly retracted under the action of the spring and magnetism, and the separator starting end is accurately grabbed. Two roller bodies are arranged on both sides of the chuck, and the separation blocks on both sides apply alternating lateral separation force and downward prying force to the positive and negative plates. This bidirectional and staggered force can effectively destroy the adhesion between the plates and the separator, ensuring that the plates fall off the surface of the separator under the action of gravity and friction and fall into the collection groove, completely separating the separator from the plates. Through the synergistic effect of the film pulling module and the separation module, combined with the left-right reciprocating movement of the horizontal frame and the lifting of the moving shaft, the Z-shaped layer-by-layer pulling and winding of the stacked separator is realized. The device does not need manual direct contact with the battery throughout the process, which can effectively reduce the risk of positive and negative short circuit, electrolyte contact with the human body or environmental pollution. This layer-by-layer dissociation method avoids violent crushing and ensures the integrity of the plates, which is convenient for subsequent high-purity recovery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to make the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art clearer, the accompanying drawings needed in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort based on these drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 A perspective structural schematic view of the embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 A structural schematic view of the embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 3 A structural schematic view of the embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 4 A sectional structural schematic view of the embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 5 A sectional structural schematic view of the embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 6 A structural schematic view of the embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 7 A sectional structural schematic view of the embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 8 A sectional structural schematic view of the embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 9 A structural schematic view of the embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 10 A structural schematic view of the embodiment of the present application.

[0032] The labels in the figures respectively represent: 1, base; 11, clamping plate; 2, film pulling module; 21, support; 22, horizontal frame; 23, moving shaft; 24, fixed plate; 241, slitting cutter; 25, side plate; 251, rotating shaft; 26, chuck part; 261, center rod; 262, fixed block; 2621, sliding groove; 2622, accommodating groove; 263, semicircular rod; 2631, sliding block; 2632, center groove; 264, rotating rod; 265, connecting rod; 266, connecting plate; 267, guide rod; 268, spring; 27, air cylinder; 271, pressing plate; 28, pulley set; 281, gear; 29, baffle; 3, separation module; 31, vertical plate; 32, roller body; 33, separation block; 331, notch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0034] The present application will be further described below with reference to the embodiments.

[0035] Embodiment:

[0036] Please refer to Figures 1-10 The present application provides a technical solution: a waste lithium iron phosphate battery pack disassembling equipment applying layer-by-layer dissociation structure, comprising:

[0037] The base 1 is slidably connected with the clamping plate 11 on the upper surface, and a plurality of limiting bosses are arranged on the side close to the battery of the clamping plate 11;

[0038] The film pulling module 2 comprises a support 21 fixed on the upper surface of the base 1, the horizontal frame 22 is horizontally slidably connected with the support 21 through the slide rails arranged on the outer surface of the support 21, the fixed plate 24 is fixedly connected with the horizontal frame 22 through the moving shaft 23 vertically sliding in the horizontal frame 22, the lower surface of the fixed plate 24 is fixedly connected with the side plate 25, the rotating shaft 251 is rotatably connected in the inside of the side plate 25, and the outer end of the rotating shaft 251 extends to the outside of the side plate 25 and is provided with the chuck part 26 for grabbing the Z-shaped diaphragm starting end;

[0039] The separation module 3 comprises a vertical plate 31 connected with the lower surface of the horizontal frame 22, and the roller body 32 is rotatably connected in the inside of the vertical plate 31;

[0040] The chuck 26 comprises a center rod 261, the outer end of the center rod 261 is fixedly connected with a fixed block 262, the outer side of the center rod 261 is provided with a semicircular rod 263, the fixed block 262 is slidably connected with a sliding block 2631 through a sliding groove 2621 formed in the inner part of the fixed block 262, and the side of the sliding block 2631 close to the center rod 261 is fixedly connected with the outer end of the semicircular rod 263. The side plate 25 is provided with two, and the two side plates 25 are symmetrically distributed on the front and back of the fixed plate 24.

[0041] The semicircular rod 263 is provided with two, and the two semicircular rods 263 are symmetrically distributed with the center rod 261 as the center, and the inner surface of the semicircular rod 263 is formed with a center groove 2632 which is fitted with the outer surface of the center rod 261.

[0042] The inner part of the fixed block 262 is formed with an accommodating groove 2622 which is in communication with the inner part of the sliding groove 2621, the inner part of the accommodating groove 2622 is provided with a rotating rod 264 which is rotatably connected with the outer surface of the sliding block 2631, the outer ends of the two rotating rods 264 are commonly rotatably connected with a connecting rod 265, one end of the connecting rod 265 away from the rotating rod 264 is fixedly connected with a connecting plate 266, the outer side of the fixed block 262 is fixedly connected with a guide rod 267 which penetrates through the connecting plate 266, and the side of the connecting plate 266 close to the fixed block 262 is provided with a spring 268 which is sleeved on the circumferential outer surface of the guide rod 267.

[0043] The side of the two semicircular rods 263 close to the center rod 261 is designed with magnetic attraction, the side of the side plate 25 close to the center rod 261 is provided with a cylinder 27 which is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the fixed plate 24, and the output end of the cylinder 27 is fixedly connected with a pressing plate 271 which is fitted with the outer surface of the connecting plate 266.

[0044] The side end of the side plate 25 is provided with a belt pulley set 28, one end of the rotating shaft 251 away from the fixed block 262 penetrates through the outer side of the side plate 25 and is fixedly connected with a gear 281, and the bottom end of the belt pulley set 28 is engaged with the outer surface of the gear 281. The outer surface of the side plate 25 is provided with a motor, and the top end of the belt pulley set 28 is connected with the motor.

[0045] The outer surface of the fixed block 262 is fixedly connected with a baffle 29, the side of the baffle 29 close to the center rod 261 is flush with the outer surface of the fixed block 262, and the circumferential outer surface of the semicircular rod 263 is designed with rubber material.

[0046] The lower surface of the fixed plate 24 is slidably connected with a slitting knife 241, and the two sides of the slitting knife 241 are both formed with a cutting edge.

[0047] The roller body 32 is provided with two, two roller bodies 32 are symmetrically distributed with the fixed plate 24 as the center, the circumferential outer surface of the roller body 32 is fixedly connected with the separation block 33, the separation block 33 is provided with a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of separation blocks 33 are staggered along the axial direction of the roller body 32, each group of separation blocks 33 is optimally provided with three, and the three separation blocks 33 in each group are equidistantly distributed along the circumferential outer surface of the roller body 32, and each adjacent two groups of separation blocks 33 are staggered on the circumferential surface of the roller body 32 at an angle of 60 degrees.

[0048] The inside of the separation block 33 is provided with a notch 331, the outer surface of the separation block 33 is fixedly connected with a rubber strip, the separation block 33 is an arc-shaped sheet structure, and the curvature of the arc-shaped outer surface of the separation block 33 gradually increases from the root close to the roller body 32 to the free end.

[0049] Figure 2 It is a schematic view of the structure of the laminated lithium iron phosphate battery, which is composed of three repeated stacks of positive electrode, separator and negative electrode.

[0050] In the initial state, the spring 268 is in the unfolded state, at this time the connecting plate 266 is in the position away from the fixed block 262 under the elastic force of the spring 268, the connecting plate 266 drives the connecting rod 265 to be away from one side of the accommodating groove 2622 within its stroke range, the two symmetrical rotating rods 264 in the accommodating groove 2622 form an included angle under the action of the connecting rod 265, and the two rotating rods 264 respectively drive the two sliding blocks 2631 inside them to be close to the center rod 261 in the sliding groove 2621. The two semicircular rods 263 are mutually adhered under the indirect action of the spring 268 and the magnetic attraction of themselves, and the center groove 2632 in the inner surface of the semicircular rod 263 is tightly fitted with the outer surface of the center rod 261, so that the two semicircular rods 263 and the center rod 261 are integrally embedded into a cylindrical body with a circular cross section. The horizontal frame 22 is in the initial state at the left end of the support 21, the moving shaft 23 is in the contracted state, so that the fixed plate 24 and the components below are located at a higher position. The clamping plate 11 is located at the edge position of the upper surface of the base 1, which is convenient for placing the battery to be disassembled; the slitting knife 241 is located at one end of the lower surface of the fixed plate 24 (the axial length of the two semicircular rods 263 and the center rod 261 is greater than the length of the electrode in the front-rear direction, and the slitting knife 241 is initially located at one end of the semicircular rod 263, which will not interfere with the subsequent winding of the separator); the roller body 32 of the separation module 3 is connected with the lower surface of the horizontal frame 22 through the vertical plate 31, and is in a static state.

[0051] The shell and protective film of the waste lithium iron phosphate battery pack are removed by a cutting device on the external conveying belt for pretreatment, so that the Z-shaped stacked cells inside are exposed; then the pretreated battery pack is placed on the upper surface of the base 1, the clamping plate 11 is pushed to slide along the upper surface of the base 1 until the clamping plate 11 is tightly attached to the side end of the battery pack, so that the battery pack is fixed, and displacement of the battery pack during disassembly is prevented; a plurality of limiting bosses are arranged on the side of the clamping plate 11 close to the battery, and the limiting bosses can limit the upward and downward displacement of the battery from the side, especially when the diaphragm winding generates a transverse traction force, the limiting bosses can block the remaining battery from moving synchronously with the diaphragm, so as to ensure the stability of the battery position during peeling and separate the pole piece and the diaphragm layer by layer.

[0052] Opening and closing of the chuck member 26 and grabbing of the diaphragm starting end:

[0053] The motor on the side surface of the side plate 25 drives the gear 281 to rotate through the belt pulley set 28, the gear 281 is fixedly connected with the fixed block 262 and the center rod 261 through the rotating shaft 251, and then drives the fixed block 262 and the center rod 261 to rotate, so that the connecting plate 266 on the outer surface of the fixed block 262 is directly above the fixed block 262, and the upper surface of the connecting plate 266 is in a horizontal state.

[0054] The gas cylinder 27 is started, the output end of the gas cylinder 27 is elongated and pushes the abutting plate 271 to move in the direction of approaching the connecting plate 266 downward, and the lower surface of the abutting plate 271 extrudes the upper surface of the connecting plate 266 downward. In this process, the gas cylinder 27 which is always in a vertical state can drive the fixed block 262 to correct by abutting the connecting plate 266 through the abutting plate 271, so that the planes of the two semicircular rods 263 are perpendicular to the upper surface of the base 1, facilitating clamping of the top end of the diaphragm placed horizontally.

[0055] The abutting plate 271 continuously extrudes the connecting plate 266, so that the connecting plate 266 slides along the guide rod 267 to the direction close to the fixed block 262, and the compression spring 268 is compressed; the connecting plate 266 moves to drive the connecting rod 265 to move downward synchronously, the connecting rod 265 pulls the two rotating rods 264 to rotate around the connecting points of the rotating rods 264 and the sliding blocks 2631, and then drives the two sliding blocks 2631 to slide in the sliding groove 2621, making a reverse motion, the sliding blocks 2631 pull the corresponding semicircular rods 263 to separate to both sides, at this time, the opening is formed between the two semicircular rods 263, and the distance between the two sliding blocks 2631 reaches the maximum.

[0056] The driving mechanism of the membrane pulling module 2 is started, the horizontal frame 22 is horizontally moved along the slide rail of the support 21, the moving shaft 23 is vertically moved downward along the horizontal frame 22, the fixed plate 24, the side plate 25 and the chuck element 26 are synchronously moved, the chuck element 26 is moved to the starting end position of the upper surface of the diaphragm in the battery pack, and the upper surface of the starting end of the diaphragm is located between the two separated semicircular rods 263, the lower outer surface of the semicircular rod 263 is in contact with the upper surface of the diaphragm. At this time, the two semicircular rods 263 after the angle correction of the pressing plate 271 are in contact with the upper surface of the diaphragm at the intersection position close to the lower arc surface, which is just matched with the upper surface of the diaphragm, and lays a good foundation for the subsequent accurate clamping.

[0057] The air cylinder 27 is closed, the spring 268 pushes the connecting plate 266 to move away from the fixed block 262 under the elastic recovery force, the connecting plate 266 drives the rotating rod 264 to reset through the connecting rod 265, the rotating rod 264 pulls the sliding block 2631 to slide towards the center rod 261, and the two semicircular rods 263 are reattached under the magnetic attraction, the inner center groove 2632 of the semicircular rod 263 is tightly attached to the center rod 261, the rubber material of the outer surface of the semicircular rod 263 is in contact with the diaphragm and clamps the starting end of the diaphragm, and the stable grabbing of the diaphragm is realized.

[0058] The process of separating the diaphragm and the pole piece layer by layer:

[0059] After the starting end of the diaphragm is grabbed, the motor on the outer surface of the side plate 25 is started, the motor drives the belt pulley set 28 to operate, the belt pulley set 28 drives the rotating shaft 251 to rotate through the meshing with the gear 281, the rotating shaft 251 drives the center rod 261 and the two semicircular rods 263 to rotate as a whole through the fixed block 262; at the same time, the driving mechanism of the membrane pulling module 2 is started, the horizontal frame 22 is moved to the right along the slide rail of the support 21, the linkage action of the chuck element 26 rotating on one side and moving to the right is realized, and then the diaphragm is wound and stored. In the battery, the diaphragm end is initially located at the upper left, the chuck element 26 moves to the right while the moving shaft 23 synchronously telescopes upward, the chuck element 26 moves upward to a position higher than the roller body 32, and the uppermost diaphragm is in contact with the separation block 33 on the outer surface of the right roller body 32. At this time, the upward movement of the chuck element 26 is stopped, the height is kept, and the diaphragm is continuously moved to the right and rotated. In this winding process, the baffle 29 on the outer surface of the fixed block 262 plays a key protection and limiting role, which avoids the diaphragm winding into the interior of the chuck element 26, prevents the diaphragm from winding and jamming or interfering with the rotating rod 264 and the connecting rod 265 components, and ensures that the winding action is smoothly performed.

[0060] During the process of winding the diaphragm by the clamp member 26, the driving mechanism of the separation module 3 is started to rotate the two roller bodies 32 synchronously, and the roller bodies 32 drive the outer surface separation blocks 33 to rotate synchronously. Since the diaphragm is pulled to be in a tension state by the clamp member 26, and the separation blocks 33 are arc-shaped plate structures, the curvature of the arc-shaped outer surface thereof gradually increases from the root to the free end, and the arc-shaped outer surface of the rotating separation blocks 33 can be freely attached to the surface of the diaphragm or the pole piece. The notch 331 in the separation block 33 has a certain elastic deformation capacity, which can adapt to the tension state of the diaphragm, and avoid damage to the pole piece or the diaphragm caused by rigid contact.

[0061] If the pole piece cannot freely slide from the outer surface of the inclined diaphragm under the action of gravity due to the adhesion force between the pole piece and the diaphragm caused by the electrolyte, the outer surface of the separation block 33 and the rubber strip will contact the pole piece during rotation, and the rubber strip on the outer surface of the separation block 33 can greatly increase the friction with the pole piece, instead of completely relying on the embedded interlayer gap to achieve separation. Through the close contact and friction between the rubber strip and the surface of the pole piece, the friction is gradually increased to help the pole piece fall off the surface of the diaphragm.

[0062] A plurality of separation blocks 33 are distributed along the axial direction of the roller body 32, and the two adjacent groups of separation blocks 33 are staggered at an angle of sixty degrees on the circumference of the roller body 32. With the continuous rotation of the roller body 32, the staggered separation blocks 33 can in turn exert a lateral separation force on the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece adhered to the two sides of the diaphragm, and the pole piece is smoothly scraped off the surface of the diaphragm. The two roller bodies 32 rotate in opposite directions. The roller body 32 on the left side rotates clockwise around its axis, and the roller body 32 on the right side rotates counterclockwise around its axis. The rubber strip on the outer surface of the separation block 33 on the left side can contact the outer surface of the pole piece separated on the left side of the diaphragm during the clockwise rotation of the roller body 32, and then drive the pole piece separated on the left side of the diaphragm to the left and down. The rubber strip on the outer surface of the separation block 33 on the right side can contact the outer surface of the pole piece separated on the right side of the diaphragm during the counterclockwise rotation of the roller body 32, and then drive the pole piece separated on the right side of the diaphragm to the right and down.

[0063] When the roller body 32 rotates, the separation block 33 protrudes from the smaller side of the outer surface of the roller body 32 to contact the surface of the pole piece first, and then the larger position of the roller body 32 protrudes from the outer surface to contact the outer surface of the pole piece. This gradual contact can avoid instantaneous impact damage to the pole piece and ensure the integrity of the pole piece.

[0064] In the process of separating the electrode and the separator, the end of the separator is initially located at the upper left. During the separation process, the chuck member 26 first fixes the end of the separator, and the whole body moves upward on one side and rotates on the other side, while moving to the right under the action of the horizontal frame 22. At this time, the upper right of the separator is in contact with the outer surface of the roller body 32 on the right side. The chuck member 26 continues to move to the right until the right end of the stacked separator is in the same vertical plane as the chuck member 26. The separator that is lifted but not shrunk is in a vertical state. During this process, the outer surfaces of the roller bodies 32 on both sides are not in contact with the battery assembly. The chuck member 26 moves to the left, and during the leftward movement, the separator is wound. The separator that is lifted but not shrunk is in an inclined state. At this time, there is an electrode sheet at the upper left of the separator. During the movement of the chuck member 26, the outer surface of the left separation block 33 will come into contact with the electrode sheet at the upper left of the separator and separate it from the separator during the clockwise rotation. The chuck member 26 continues to move to the left until the left end of the stacked separator is in the same vertical plane as the chuck member 26. The separator that is lifted but not shrunk is in a vertical state. During this process, the outer surfaces of the roller bodies 32 on both sides are not in contact with the battery assembly. The chuck member 26 moves to the right again. At this time, there is an electrode sheet at the upper right of the separator. During the rightward movement of the chuck member 26, the outer surface of the right separation block 33 will come into contact with the electrode sheet at the upper right of the separator and separate it from the separator during the counterclockwise rotation.

[0065] The horizontal frame 22 drives the chuck member 26 to continue moving left and right, repeating the above process. The chuck member 26 pulls the separator, and the roller bodies 32 and separation blocks 33 on both sides rotate in opposite directions to separate the electrode sheet from the separator, preventing the electrode sheet from moving synchronously with the separator. The separated positive and negative electrode sheets fall into the collection groove on the upper surface of the base 1 under the combined action of the separation block 33 and gravity, completing the collection of the electrode sheets. The separator is continuously wound into a roll by the chuck member 26 until the single-section separator is completely peeled off from the battery pack.

[0066] Separator cutting and equipment resetting:

[0067] After the single-section separator is completely peeled off from the battery pack and wound into a roll by the chuck member 26, the initial position of the cutting knife 241 does not affect the winding at one end of the semicircular rod 263. At this time, the sliding cutting knife 241 moves along the lower surface of the fixed plate 24 to the other side, and the wound separator is cut using the cutting edges on both sides of the cutting knife 241. Then, the cylinder 27 is started again to separate the semicircular rod 263 and release the cut separator roll. The moving shaft 23 is started to retract, driving the fixed plate 24, the side plate 25, and the chuck member 26 to rise to the initial height. The drive mechanism of the horizontal frame 22 is started to reset the horizontal frame 22 to the left end along the slide rail of the support 21. Thus, the single-time disassembly operation is completed, and the above steps can be repeated to realize continuous disassembly of multiple groups of waste batteries.

[0068] In summary, the disassembly equipment has the following advantages when disassembling the stacked lithium iron phosphate battery:

[0069] Firstly, in the prior art, the lithium iron phosphate battery is recovered by manual stripping or whole crushing, which is low in efficiency and easy to damage the separator. The present application realizes Z-type layer-by-layer pulling and winding of the stacked separator through the cooperation of the film pulling module 2 and the separation module 3, the precise grabbing of the separator starting end by the chuck piece 26, and the left-right reciprocating movement of the horizontal frame 22 and the lifting of the moving shaft 23. The device does not need manual direct contact with the battery throughout the process, which can effectively reduce the risk of positive and negative short circuit, electrolyte contact with the human body or environmental pollution. This layer-by-layer dissociation method avoids violent crushing and ensures the integrity of the pole piece, facilitating subsequent high-purity recovery.

[0070] Secondly, before the chuck piece 26 grabs the end of the separator, the cylinder 27 pushes the pressing plate 271 to press the connecting plate 266, which not only drives the two semicircular rods 263 to be in an open state, but also uses the vertically positioned pressing plate 271 to correct the angle of the connecting plate 266 and the fixed block 262, ensuring that the flat surface of the two semicircular rods 263 is perpendicular to the base 1, thereby aligning the top end of the horizontally placed separator, and then making the flat surface of the semicircular rod 263 perpendicular to the upper surface of the separator, avoiding the offset and skew state during grabbing. In addition, the semicircular rod 263 adopts a magnetic attraction design and a rubber outer surface, providing double protection of mechanical elastic clamping and magnetic attraction, effectively preventing slipping.

[0071] Thirdly, in the chuck piece 26, the two semicircular rods 263 move towards or away from each other inside the fixed block 262, thereby changing to different states of opening and closing, realizing the functions of clamping and winding. Firstly, the two semicircular rods 263 are separated and combined, and the semicircular rod 263 is precisely fitted with the center rod 261 through the center groove 2632, which can form a ring-shaped clamping of the separator starting end, and the rubber material on the outer surface of the semicircular rod 263 can improve the clamping friction force, which can prevent the separator from slipping during pulling. Secondly, the winding function is realized synchronously, and when the semicircular rod 263 and the center rod 261 are combined, they are jointly embedded into a cylindrical structure with a circular cross section, which can be directly used as a film winding core. The linkage drive of the motor, the belt pulley set 28, the gear 281 and the rotating shaft 251 realizes stable winding and storage of the separator when the chuck piece 26 rotates as a whole. The chuck piece 26 integrates clamping and winding functions, with compact structure and high operation efficiency.

[0072] Fourthly, in the Z-shaped separator stripping process of the prior art, the pole piece is prone to move together with the separator, and is difficult to separate. The application is provided with two rollers 32 with opposite turning directions, and a plurality of groups of separation blocks 33 are arranged along the axial direction of the roller 32, and adjacent two groups of separation blocks 33 are staggered and distributed at an angle of 60 degrees on the circumference. When the chuck member 26 moves left and right, the separation blocks 33 on both sides respectively apply alternating lateral separation force and downward prying force to the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece. Such bidirectional and staggered force can effectively destroy the adhesion between the pole piece and the separator, ensure that the pole piece falls off the surface of the separator under the action of gravity and friction and falls into the collection groove, and completely separate the separator and the pole piece.

[0073] Fifthly, the separation block 33 of the application adopts an arc-shaped sheet structure, and the curvature of the arc-shaped outer surface gradually increases from the root to the free end, which cooperates with the elastic deformation ability provided by the internal notch 331 to realize flexible contact with the pole piece. During the separation process, the separation block 33 gradually transitions from the smaller curvature to the larger curvature to contact the pole piece, avoiding instantaneous impact, and the rubber strip increases the friction force, which can stably scrape off the closely adhered pole piece, greatly reducing the damage rate of the pole piece.

[0074] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the application, but not to limit it; although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements will not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the application.

Claims

1. A waste old lithium iron phosphate battery pack disassembling device applying layer-by-layer dissociation structure, characterized in that, include: A base (1) has a clamping plate (11) slidably connected to its upper surface. The membrane-pulling module (2) includes a bracket (21) fixed on the upper surface of the base (1). The bracket (21) is horizontally connected to a horizontal frame (22) via a slide rail on its outer surface. The horizontal frame (22) is connected to a fixed plate (24) via a vertically sliding moving shaft (23) inside it. A side plate (25) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the fixed plate (24). A rotating shaft (251) is rotatably connected inside the side plate (25). The outer end of the rotating shaft (251) extends to the outside of the side plate (25) and is provided with a clamp (26) for gripping the starting end of the Z-shaped diaphragm. The separation module (3) includes a vertical plate (31) connected to the lower surface of the horizontal frame (22), and a roller (32) is rotatably connected inside the vertical plate (31). The clamp (26) includes a central rod (261), a fixing block (262) fixedly connected to the outer end of the central rod (261), a semi-circular rod (263) provided on the outer side of the central rod (261), and a sliding block (2631) slidably connected to the fixing block (2621) through a sliding groove (2621) formed inside it. The side of the sliding block (2631) near the central rod (261) is fixedly connected to the outer end of the semi-circular rod (263). There are two semi-circular rods (263), which are symmetrically distributed with the central rod (261) as the center. The inner surface of the semi-circular rod (263) is provided with a central groove (26) that fits against the outer surface of the central rod (261). 32), the inside of the fixed block (262) is provided with a receiving groove (2622) that communicates with the inside of the sliding groove (2621). The inside of the receiving groove (2622) is provided with a rotating rod (264) that is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the sliding block (2631). The outer ends of the two rotating rods (264) are rotatably connected to a connecting rod (265). The end of the connecting rod (265) away from the rotating rod (264) is fixedly connected to a connecting plate (266). The outside of the fixed block (262) is fixedly connected to a guide rod (267) that passes through the connecting plate (266). The side of the connecting plate (266) near the fixed block (262) is provided with a spring (268) that is sleeved on the outer circumference of the guide rod (267).

2. The waste old lithium iron phosphate battery pack disassembling equipment applying layer-by-layer structure dissection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two semi-circular rods (263) are magnetically designed to attract each other on the side near the center rod (261). The side plate (25) is provided with a cylinder (27) fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixing plate (24) on the side near the center rod (261). The output end of the cylinder (27) is fixedly connected to a pressure plate (271) that is in contact with the outer surface of the connecting plate (266).

3. The waste lithium iron phosphate battery pack disassembling device using layer-by-layer structure disintegration according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side end of the side plate (25) is provided with a belt pulley set (28), the rotating shaft (251) penetrates the outer side of the side plate (25) and is fixedly connected with a gear (281) at the end away from the fixed block (262), and the bottom end of the belt pulley set (28) is engaged with the outer surface of the gear (281).

4. The waste old lithium iron phosphate battery pack disassembling equipment applying layer-by-layer structure dissection according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer surface of the fixed block (262) is fixedly connected with a baffle (29), one side of the baffle (29) close to the center rod (261) is flush with the outer surface of the fixed block (262), and the circumferential outer surface of the semicircular rod (263) is made of rubber material.

5. The device for disassembling waste lithium iron phosphate battery pack by layer-by-layer structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower surface of the fixed plate (24) is slidably connected with a slitting cutter (241), and cutting edges are formed on both sides of the slitting cutter (241).

6. The waste old lithium iron phosphate battery pack disassembling equipment applying layer-by-layer structure dissection according to claim 5, characterized in that: The roller body (32) is provided with two, the two roller bodies (32) are symmetrically distributed with the fixed plate (24) as the center, the circumferential outer surface of the roller body (32) is fixedly connected with a separation block (33), and the separation block (33) is provided with a plurality of groups and is staggered distributed along the axial direction of the roller body (32).

7. The waste lithium iron phosphate battery pack disassembling device using layer-by-layer structure dissection according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inside of the separation block (33) is provided with a notch (331), the outer surface of the separation block (33) is fixedly connected with a rubber strip, and the separation block (33) is an arc-shaped sheet structure.

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