PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production efficiency testing device and testing method
The PEM electrolysis hydrogen production efficiency testing device, with its multi-cavity parallel design and real-time monitoring, solves the problem of efficiency calculation distortion caused by gas cross-permeation and operating condition fluctuations, and achieves efficient and accurate hydrogen production efficiency testing and fault diagnosis.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511479136.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-24
AI Technical Summary
Existing PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production efficiency testing is susceptible to interference from gas cross-permeation and operating condition fluctuations, leading to inaccurate efficiency calculations. Traditional methods are costly, have slow response times, and are difficult to perform real-time correction.
Design a PEM electrolysis water hydrogen production efficiency testing device, including a PEM electrolysis chamber and an exhaust end. It adopts a multi-chamber parallel design, combined with an external pump and a hydrogen concentration sensor. Through a sealed structure and a dynamic circulation system, it reduces errors and achieves real-time monitoring and rapid fault location.
It improves the accuracy and stability of hydrogen production efficiency testing, reduces single-test errors, and enables rapid identification of fault sources and optimization of device performance.
Smart Images
Figure CN121556091A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to a device and method for testing the efficiency of hydrogen production through PEM electrolysis of water, belonging to the field of PEM electrolysis of water hydrogen production technology. Background Technology
[0002] The core drawback of existing PEM (Polymer Electrolysis Membrane) hydrogen production efficiency testing is that efficiency calculations are easily affected by gas cross-permeation and operating condition fluctuations, leading to distortion of the actual hydrogen production efficiency. Gas cross-permeation originates from the nanoscale pore structure of the PEM membrane. H2 and O2 can migrate across the membrane through dissolution and diffusion mechanisms. Furthermore, increased anode-cathode pressure difference (ΔP) and temperature significantly exacerbate the permeation. Permeated gas can also undergo side reactions at the opposite electrode, artificially inflating the measured gas volume and consuming effective current, potentially resulting in a 12%-18% overestimation of the efficiency calculated on one side. Traditional gas metering (such as the water displacement method) is susceptible to interference from water vapor and impurities, has large errors in manual readings, and is unsuitable for high-yield scenarios. Conventional solutions include using gas chromatography for dual-gas component analysis, controlling the anode-cathode pressure balance (maintaining the pressure difference within 3±0.5 kPa), optimizing temperature and current density operating conditions, and performing temperature and pressure correction based on a fixed formula. However, these methods have obvious drawbacks: gas chromatography is costly and has a slow response, making it difficult to achieve real-time correction; pressure balance is affected by sealing performance and flow fluctuations, and it cannot completely eliminate pressure difference-driven permeation; temperature control requires a compromise between suppressing permeation and ensuring reaction activity, which can easily lead to performance loss. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a PEM electrolysis water hydrogen production efficiency testing device to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention
[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a PEM electrolysis water hydrogen production efficiency testing device, which solves the problems mentioned in the background technology by adding a PEM electrolysis chamber and an exhaust end.
[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: A PEM electrolysis water hydrogen production efficiency testing device includes: a PEM electrolysis chamber and an exhaust end. The PEM electrolysis chamber is provided in three sets, and the three sets of PEM electrolysis chambers are of the same specifications. A set of outer shells for sealing and protecting the outer side of the three sets of electrolysis chambers is provided on the outside of the three sets of electrolysis chambers. A set of inlet and outlet water ends for introducing and discharging the electrolyzed water inside the three sets of PEM electrolysis chambers is provided on the front left side of the outer shell. A set of exhaust ends for discharging the hydrogen and oxygen gas generated by electrolysis is provided on the right side of the outer shell.
[0005] The interior of the exhaust end and the interior of the inlet and outlet water ends are interconnected with the interior of the three sets of PEM electrolysis chambers. The lower end of the outer shell is provided with a platform for supporting it. The lower end of the platform is provided with an external pump for pumping out the sediment from the three sets of PEM electrolysis chambers. The external pump is located at the bottom of the three sets of PEM electrolysis chambers. The PEM electrolysis chamber includes an electrolysis testing component. In actual use, the PEM electrolysis testing component to be tested is first installed into the three sets of electrolysis chambers of the same specifications. Deionized water is injected into the electrolysis chamber through the inlet and outlet water ends to the specified liquid level. After the power is turned on, the hydrogen and oxygen gases generated during the electrolysis process are collected and discharged through the exhaust end. At the same time, the sediment at the bottom is monitored in real time by the external pump. After the test is completed, the power is turned off and the electrolyte is discharged through the inlet and outlet water ends. The testing component is taken out for performance analysis. The entire process is protected by a sealed outer shell, and the platform ensures stable operation of the device.
[0006] In a preferred embodiment, the electrolysis testing component includes a side sealing plate and an external water pipe. The left side of the side sealing plate has a rectangular cross-section. The interior of the side sealing plate has a rectangular structure with several sets of internal fixing holes for positioning and sealing with the bipolar plates. Each set of internal fixing holes has a set of positioning nuts on the left side for connecting and fixing with the internal positioning bolts. The right side of the side sealing plate has several sets of bipolar plates for electrolyzing the water inside.
[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the bipolar plates are provided in several groups, which are arranged in a linear, sealed manner. Each pair of bipolar plates is in sealed contact with a rubber seal. An electrolytic cavity for electrolyzing water is provided between the groups of bipolar plates. A set of conductive plates for transmitting electrical energy to the outside is provided at the middle position of the front and rear sides of each group of bipolar plates. A set of inlet and outlet pipes for introducing external water is provided at the lower left side of the side sealing plate. The inlet and outlet pipes are interconnected with the inside of the electrolytic cavity. The electrolytic cavity includes a positive electrode cavity and a negative electrode cavity. A proton exchange membrane for producing hydrogen during the positive and negative electrode electrolysis process is provided between the positive electrode cavity and the negative electrode cavity.
[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the positive electrode cavity is interconnected with the interior of the inlet and outlet pipe and the interior of the air guide head. Several sets of inner support rods are provided on the outer side of several sets of bipolar plates for connecting and fixing the side sealing plate 1 and the side sealing plate 2. The several sets of inner support rods are distributed in a rectangular ring structure, and there is a uniform interval between every two sets of inner support rods. Each set of inner support rods has a set of inner positioning bolts for connecting and fixing the side sealing plate 1 and the side sealing plate 2. Each set of inner positioning bolts has a set of positioning nuts on the right side for controlling the rotation state of the inner positioning bolts. Each set of positioning nuts and its corresponding inner positioning bolts are an integral structure.
[0009] In a preferred embodiment, a set of two side sealing plates is provided on the right side of several sets of bipolar plates to provide a sealing side seal on the right side of the bipolar plates. The two side sealing plates are of the same specifications. A set of two inlet and outlet pipes is provided at the lower right side of the two side sealing plates to discharge the electrolyzed water. The interior of the two inlet and outlet pipes is connected to the interior of the negative electrode cavity. A set of two gas guide pipes is provided at the upper right side of the two side sealing plates to discharge the hydrogen generated by electrolysis inside the negative electrode cavity. A set of one gas guide pipe is provided at the upper left side of the one side sealing plate to discharge the hydrogen generated by electrolysis inside the positive electrode cavity. A gas passage pipe is connected to the outside of the one gas guide pipe.
[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the gas inlet pipe and the first gas guide pipe are sealed and fitted together. The lower left side of the positive electrode cavity is provided with a set of guide holes for discharging residual water from electrolysis. The upper left side of the positive electrode cavity is provided with a set of guide holes for discharging oxygen generated by electrolysis. The guide holes inside the positive electrode cavity are interconnected with the first gas guide pipe. The guide holes inside the positive electrode cavity are interconnected with the first inlet and outlet pipes. The right side of the negative electrode cavity is provided with a set of guide holes and a guide hole. The guide holes inside the negative electrode cavity are interconnected with the second gas guide pipe. The guide holes inside the negative electrode cavity are interconnected with the second inlet and outlet pipes. The lower left side of the gas inlet pipe and the water inlet pipe is provided with a set of side test tanks for testing the hydrogen content generated.
[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the upper outer side of the side test tank is provided with a set of external support frames 1 for limiting its position. The external support frame 1 is bolted to the lower left side of the side sealing plate 1. The lower outer side of the side test tank is provided with a set of external support frames 2 for limiting and supporting its lower end. The external support frame 2 is bolted to the side sealing plate 2. Several sets of external connecting supports are evenly distributed on the outer side of the middle position of the side test tank to maintain its connection stability. These sets of external connecting supports are bolted to both external support frames 1 and external support frames 2. The lower end of the side test tank is provided with an external gas pipe and an external water pipe for transmitting and collecting the tested hydrogen and water. Inside the side test tank... The unit is equipped with a detection chamber for testing hydrogen generation efficiency. In actual use, the bipolar plates are first arranged in a straight line through rubber seals to form an electrolysis chamber composed of positive and negative electrode chambers and a proton exchange membrane. Side sealing plate one and side sealing plate two are fixed with internal support rods and internal positioning bolts. Deionized water is injected into the electrolysis chamber through inlet and outlet pipe one. After the power is turned on, the conductive plate transmits electrical energy. The water is electrolyzed in the positive and negative electrode chambers to produce hydrogen and oxygen, which are discharged through the gas guide head and gas guide pipe two, respectively. The residual water from electrolysis is discharged through the guide hole and inlet and outlet pipe two. The gas is introduced into the side test tank through the gas pipe to detect the hydrogen content. After the test, the power is turned off and the gas and liquid are collected through the external gas pipe and water pipe. The side sealing plates are removed and the bipolar plates are taken out for maintenance.
[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the detection chamber includes an inner positioning support rod and a gas exchange port. The inner positioning support rod has a set of side support frames for support on its inner side. The lower end of the side support frames has a set of inner support bars for support. There are two sets of inner support bars. Between the two sets of inner support bars, at the upper end, is a set of inner crossbeams for supporting an oxygen concentration sensor. At the lower end of the inner crossbeams is a set of hydrogen concentration sensors for detecting the hydrogen production efficiency of PEM water electrolysis. Outside the hydrogen concentration sensors is a detection cylinder for allowing hydrogen flow. The inside of the measuring cylinder is equipped with several sets of gas exchange holes for diverting and conducting hydrogen gas. In actual use, the hydrogen concentration sensor is first installed at the lower end of the inner cross frame. The position of the measuring cylinder is fixed by the inner support bar and the side support frame, ensuring that the gas exchange holes are connected to the gas guide pipe. The hydrogen gas generated by electrolysis flows into the measuring cylinder through the gas pipe and is evenly distributed through the gas exchange holes. The hydrogen concentration sensor monitors the concentration data in real time. During the test, the inner positioning support rod and the side support frame keep the measuring cylinder stable and avoid gas flow interference. The entire process is ensured by the inner cross frame to ensure accurate sensor positioning and by the gas exchange holes to ensure efficient hydrogen flow.
[0013] The beneficial effects of this device after adopting the above technical solution are:
[0014] In practical use, the PEM electrolysis test component to be tested is first installed in three sets of electrolysis chambers of the same specifications. Deionized water is injected into the electrolysis chambers through the inlet and outlet water ends to the specified liquid level. After the power is turned on, the hydrogen and oxygen gas generated during the electrolysis process is collected through the exhaust end. At the same time, the bottom sediment is monitored in real time by an external pump. After the test is completed, the power is turned off and the electrolyte is discharged through the inlet and outlet water ends. The test component is taken out for performance analysis. The entire process is sealed and protected by the outer shell, and the platform ensures stable operation of the device.
[0015] First, the bipolar plates are arranged in a straight line using rubber seals to form an electrolytic inner cavity composed of positive and negative electrode chambers and a proton exchange membrane. Side sealing plate one and side sealing plate two are fixed with inner support rods and inner positioning bolts. Deionized water is injected into the electrolytic inner cavity through inlet and outlet pipe one. After the power is turned on, the conductive plate transmits electrical energy. The water is electrolyzed in the positive and negative electrode chambers to produce hydrogen and oxygen, which are discharged through the gas guide head and gas guide pipe two, respectively. The residual water from electrolysis is discharged through the guide hole and inlet and outlet pipe two. The gas is introduced into the side test tank through the gas pipe to detect the hydrogen content. After the test, the power is turned off and the gas and liquid are collected through the external gas pipe and water pipe. The side sealing plates are removed and the bipolar plates are taken out for maintenance.
[0016] In practical use, the hydrogen concentration sensor is first installed at the lower end of the inner cross frame. The position of the detection cylinder is fixed by the inner support bar and the side support frame to ensure that the gas exchange hole is connected to the gas guide pipe. The hydrogen generated by electrolysis flows into the detection cylinder through the gas pipe and is evenly distributed through the gas exchange hole. The hydrogen concentration sensor monitors the concentration data in real time. During the test, the inner positioning support rod and the side support frame keep the detection cylinder stable and avoid gas flow interference. The entire process is ensured by the inner cross frame to ensure accurate sensor positioning and by the gas exchange hole to ensure efficient hydrogen flow.
[0017] A method for testing the hydrogen production efficiency of PEM water electrolysis includes the following steps:
[0018] S1: First, prepare the device and initialize the electrolysis chamber. Before starting, inject deionized water into the three sets of PEM electrolysis chambers through the inlet and outlet water ends. The water level should cover the bipolar plate electrolysis area. Use the external pump to pre-evacuate and remove residual gas to ensure that the proton exchange membrane is fully wetted. Adjust the level of the platform to keep the inner support rods and side sealing plates of the three sets of electrolysis chambers in a vertical and sealed state. Before powering on, check the connection status of the conductive plate and confirm the tightness of the positioning nut and the inner positioning bolt to prevent leakage during electrolysis.
[0019] S2: Next, the multi-chamber parallel electrolysis process is controlled. The DC power supply of the three electrolysis chambers is started simultaneously. The power supply voltage range is maintained between 1.8-2.2V. The current acts on the bipolar plate array through the conductive plate. Water molecules in the positive electrode chamber are decomposed into hydrogen ions (H⁺) and oxygen under the action of the proton exchange membrane. The hydrogen ions pass through the membrane and enter the negative electrode chamber to combine with electrons to generate hydrogen gas. The hydrogen-oxygen mixture discharged through the gas guide hole is introduced into the side test tank through the gas pipe. The inlet and outlet pipes and the guide hole realize the dynamic circulation of the electrolyte. The voltage, current and temperature of each chamber are monitored in real time to ensure that the three electrolysis chambers operate under the same parameters.
[0020] S3: Subsequently, gas concentration and efficiency are tested. The detection cylinder in the side test tank evenly distributes the hydrogen flow through the gas exchange hole. The hydrogen concentration sensor collects data in real time under the support of the inner cross frame. The hydrogen production of the three electrolysis chambers is compared with the theoretical value (Faraday efficiency) to calculate the actual hydrogen production efficiency. At the same time, gas samples are collected through the external gas pipe to analyze the oxygen concentration to verify the selectivity of the proton exchange membrane. If the data of a certain electrolysis chamber is abnormal, its inlet and outlet pipes can be shut off separately for troubleshooting.
[0021] S4: Finally, the test is terminated and the data is processed. After the preset electrolysis time is reached, the power is cut off first and then the inlet and outlet water ends are closed. The external pump is used to extract the sediment water and drain the residual electrolyte through the guide hole and inlet and outlet pipes. The hydrogen production rate curve recorded by the hydrogen concentration sensor is exported. The average efficiency is calculated by combining the cumulative hydrogen production of the three electrolysis chambers. Finally, the side sealing plate is removed to check the wear of the bipolar plate and proton exchange membrane, which provides a basis for subsequent optimization.
[0022] The beneficial effects of this method after adopting the above technical solution are as follows: the sealing structure formed by the side sealing plate and the inner support rod ensures the airtightness of the electrolysis chamber; the bipolar plate array combined with the proton exchange membrane achieves efficient hydrogen production; the hydrogen concentration sensor in the side test tank can accurately monitor the gas purity; the dynamic circulation system maintains the stability of the electrolyte through the inlet and outlet pipes and the guide hole; the external pump effectively eliminates bubble interference; and the multi-chamber parallel design not only reduces the error of a single test, but also allows for rapid location of the fault source through comparative analysis, such as checking by shutting down the inlet and outlet pipes of the abnormal electrolysis chamber separately. Attached Figure Description
[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a PEM electrolysis water hydrogen production efficiency testing device according to the present invention;
[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the electrolysis testing component inside the PEM electrolysis chamber when it is inverted in the PEM electrolysis hydrogen production efficiency testing device of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the right oblique side structure inside the positive electrode cavity of the bipolar plate in a PEM electrolysis hydrogen production efficiency testing device of the present invention.
[0027] Figure 4 This is a front view of the electrolysis testing component in a PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production efficiency testing device of the present invention.
[0028] Figure 5 This is a top view of the right side of the side test tank in a PEM electrolysis water hydrogen production efficiency testing device of the present invention.
[0029] Figure 6 This is a front side view of the internal structure of the detection chamber inside the side test tank of the PEM electrolysis water hydrogen production efficiency testing device of the present invention.
[0030] In the diagram: 1-PEM electrolysis chamber, 2-outer shell, 3-inlet / outlet water terminals, 4-platform, 5-exhaust terminal;
[0031] 11-Side sealing plate one, 12-Positioning nut, 13-Inlet / outlet pipe one, 14-Gas guide head one, 15-Inner support rod, 16-Bipolar plate, 17-Side sealing plate two, 18-Conductive plate, 19-Inlet / outlet pipe two, 101-Inner positioning bolt, 102-Proton exchange membrane, 103-Gas guide hole, 104-Flow guide hole, 105-Screw head, 106-Gas guide head two, 107-Water outlet pipe, 108-Water pipe, 109-Side test tank, 110-External support frame one, 111-External connection support frame, 112-External support frame two, 113-Gas pipe, 114-External gas pipe, 115-External water pipe;
[0032] 9a-Inner positioning strut, 9b-Side support frame, 9c-Inner support bar, 9d-Inner crossbar, 9e-Detection cylinder, 9f-Hydrogen concentration sensor, 9g-Cavity, 9h-Gas exchange port. Detailed Implementation
[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0034] Please see Figure 1-6 As the first embodiment of the present invention: a PEM electrolysis water hydrogen production efficiency testing device, including: a PEM electrolysis chamber 1 and an exhaust end 5. The PEM electrolysis chamber 1 is provided in three sets, and the three sets of PEM electrolysis chamber 1 are of the same specifications. A set of outer shell 2 is provided on the outside of the three sets of electrolysis chambers for sealing and protecting the outside of the three sets of PEM electrolysis chambers 1. A set of inlet and outlet water ends 3 is provided on the front left side of the outer shell 2 for introducing and exporting the electrolyzed water inside the three sets of PEM electrolysis chambers 1. A set of exhaust end 5 is provided on the right side of the outer shell 2 for discharging the hydrogen and oxygen gas generated by electrolysis.
[0035] The interior of the exhaust end 5 and the interior of the inlet / outlet end 3 are interconnected with the interior of the three sets of PEM electrolysis chambers 1. The lower end of the outer shell 2 is provided with a platform 4 for supporting it. The lower end of the platform 4 is provided with an external pump for pumping out the sediment in the three sets of PEM electrolysis chambers 1. The external pump is located at the bottom of the three sets of PEM electrolysis chambers 1. The PEM electrolysis chamber 1 includes an electrolysis test component. In actual use, the PEM electrolysis test component to be tested is first installed into the three sets of electrolysis chambers of the same specifications. Deionized water is injected into the electrolysis chamber through the inlet / outlet end 3 to the specified liquid level. After the power is turned on, the hydrogen and oxygen gases generated during the electrolysis process are collected and discharged through the exhaust end 5. At the same time, the sediment at the bottom is monitored in real time by the external pump. After the test is completed, the power is turned off and the electrolyte is discharged through the inlet / outlet end 3. The test component is taken out for performance analysis. The entire process is sealed and protected by the outer shell 2, and the platform 4 ensures the stable operation of the device.
[0036] Please see Figures 1-5 As a second embodiment of the present invention: based on the description in Embodiment 1, the electrolysis test component includes a side sealing plate 11 with an external connecting support 111, an external support 112, a gas pipe 113, an external gas pipe 114, and an external water pipe 115. The left side cross-section of the side sealing plate 11 is a rectangular structure. The inside of the side sealing plate 11 is a rectangular structure with several sets of internal fixing holes for positioning and sealing with the bipolar plate 16. Each set of internal fixing holes has a set of positioning nuts 12 on the left side for connecting and fixing with the internal positioning bolts 101. The right side of the side sealing plate 11 has several sets of bipolar plates 16 for electrolyzing the water inside.
[0037] The bipolar plates 16 are provided in several groups, which are arranged in a straight, sealed structure. Each pair of bipolar plates 16 is in sealed contact with a rubber seal. An electrolytic inner cavity for electrolyzing water is provided between the groups of bipolar plates 16. A set of conductive plates 18 for transmitting external electrical energy is provided at the middle position of the front and rear sides of each set of bipolar plates 16. A set of inlet and outlet pipes 13 for introducing external water is provided at the lower left side of the side sealing plate 11. The inlet and outlet pipes 13 are interconnected with the inside of the electrolytic inner cavity. The electrolytic inner cavity includes a positive electrode cavity and a negative electrode cavity. A set of proton exchange membranes 102 for producing hydrogen through positive and negative electrode electrolysis is provided between the positive electrode cavity and the negative electrode cavity.
[0038] The positive electrode cavity is interconnected with the inlet and outlet pipe 13 and the air guide head 14. Several sets of bipolar plates 16 are provided on the outside of several sets of inner support rods 15 for connecting and fixing the side sealing plate 11 and the side sealing plate 2 17. The several sets of inner support rods 15 are distributed in a rectangular ring structure, and there is a uniform interval between every two sets of inner support rods 15. Each set of inner support rods 15 is provided with an inner positioning bolt 101 for connecting and fixing the side sealing plate 11 and the side sealing plate 2 17. On the right side of each set of inner positioning bolts 101, there is a set of positioning nuts 12 for controlling the rotation state of the inner positioning bolts 101. Each set of positioning nuts 12 and its corresponding inner positioning bolts 101 are an integral structure.
[0039] A set of side sealing plates 17 is provided on the right side of several sets of bipolar plates 16 to provide a sealing side seal on the right side of the bipolar plates 16. The side sealing plates 11 and 17 are of the same specifications. A set of inlet and outlet pipes 19 is provided at the lower right side of the side sealing plate 17 to discharge the electrolyzed water. The inlet and outlet pipes 19 are connected to the inside of the negative electrode cavity. A set of gas guide pipes 2 is provided at the upper right side of the side sealing plate 17 to discharge the hydrogen generated by electrolysis inside the negative electrode cavity. A set of gas guide pipes 11 is provided at the upper left side of the side sealing plate 11 to discharge the hydrogen generated by electrolysis inside the positive electrode cavity. A gas passage pipe 113 is connected to the outside of the gas guide pipes 11.
[0040] The gas inlet pipe 113 is sealed and fitted with the gas guide pipe 1. A set of guide holes 104 for discharging residual water from electrolysis is provided at the lower left end of the positive electrode cavity. A set of guide holes 103 for discharging oxygen generated by electrolysis is provided at the upper left end of the positive electrode cavity. The guide holes 103 inside the positive electrode cavity are connected to the gas guide pipe 1. The guide holes 104 inside the positive electrode cavity are connected to the inlet and outlet pipe 13. A set of guide holes 103 and guide holes 104 are provided on the right side of the negative electrode cavity. The guide holes 103 inside the negative electrode cavity are connected to the gas guide pipe 2. The guide holes 104 inside the negative electrode cavity are connected to the inlet and outlet pipe 2 19. A set of side test tanks 109 for testing the hydrogen content generated is provided at the lower left end of the gas inlet pipe 113 and the water inlet pipe 108.
[0041] The side test tank 109 has a set of external support brackets 110 on its upper outer side to limit its position. External support brackets 110 are bolted to the lower left side of the side sealing plate 11. The side test tank 109 has a set of external support brackets 112 on its lower outer side to limit its position. External support brackets 112 are bolted to the side sealing plate 17. Several sets of external connecting support brackets 111 are evenly distributed on the outer side of the middle position of the side test tank 109 to maintain stable connection. These external connecting support brackets 111 are bolted to external support brackets 110 and 112. The side test tank 109 has an external gas pipe 114 and an external water pipe 115 at its lower end for transmitting and collecting the tested hydrogen and water. The side test tank 109 also has a set of... In the detection chamber for measuring hydrogen generation efficiency, in actual use, the bipolar plates 16 are first arranged in a straight line through rubber seals to form an electrolytic inner chamber composed of positive and negative electrode chambers and proton exchange membrane 102. The side sealing plate 11 and the side sealing plate 2 17 are fixed with the inner support rod 15 and the inner positioning bolt 101. Deionized water is injected into the electrolytic inner chamber through the inlet and outlet pipe 13. After the power is turned on, the conductive plate 18 transmits electrical energy. The water is electrolyzed in the positive and negative electrode chambers to generate oxygen and hydrogen, which are discharged through the gas guide head and the gas guide pipe 2, respectively. The residual water from electrolysis is discharged through the guide hole 104 and the inlet and outlet pipe 2 19. The gas is introduced into the side test tank 109 through the gas pipe 113 to detect the hydrogen content. After the test, the power is turned off and the gas and liquid are collected through the external gas pipe 114 and the water pipe. The side sealing plates are removed and the bipolar plates 16 are taken out for maintenance.
[0042] Please see Figure 1 as well as Figure 6As a third embodiment of the present invention: Based on the descriptions in Embodiments 1 and 2, the detection chamber includes an inner positioning support rod 9a and a gas exchange hole 9h. A set of side support frames 9b is provided on the inner side of the inner positioning support rod 9a for supporting it. A set of inner support bars 9c is provided at the lower end of the middle position of the side support frame 9b for supporting it. There are two sets of inner support bars 9c. Between the two sets of inner support bars 9c, at the upper end, is a set of inner crossbeams 9d for supporting the oxygen concentration sensor. At the lower end of the inner crossbeams 9d is a set of hydrogen concentration sensors 9f for detecting the hydrogen production efficiency of PEM water electrolysis. Outside the hydrogen concentration sensors 9f, a detection cylinder 9e is provided for hydrogen flow to the outside. Inside the detection cylinder 9e... The unit is equipped with several sets of gas exchange holes 9h for diverting and conducting hydrogen gas. In actual use, the hydrogen concentration sensor 9f is first installed at the lower end of the inner cross frame 9d. The position of the detection cylinder 9e is fixed by the inner support bar 9c and the side support frame 9b to ensure that the gas exchange hole 9h is connected to the gas guide pipe. The hydrogen gas generated by electrolysis flows into the detection cylinder 9e through the gas pipe 113. After being evenly distributed through the gas exchange hole 9h, the concentration data is monitored in real time by the hydrogen concentration sensor 9f. During the test, the inner positioning support rod 9a and the side support frame 9b keep the detection cylinder 9e stable to avoid gas flow interference. The entire process is ensured by the inner cross frame 9d to ensure accurate sensor positioning and by the gas exchange hole 9h to ensure efficient hydrogen flow.
[0043] In this system, hydrogen gas generated in the negative electrode cavity flows sequentially into one or two electrochemical components. A DC power supply is used to apply a voltage of 0.1 to 0.5V to each electrochemical component, thereby obtaining the corresponding current values I1 and I2. The hydrogen production efficiency of the PEM electrolyzer is then calculated. The working principle of this device is electrochemical. Hydrogen gas generated at the cathode of the PEM electrolyzer is introduced into the anode side of the electrochemical component, where a hydrogen oxidation reaction occurs. At the cathode side, a hydrogen generation reaction occurs. The electrochemical component, through which hydrogen gas generated during electrolysis in the negative electrode cavity is discharged, consists of one or more plates, each with a single active surface. The membrane electrode assembly consists of a membrane electrode with an area of 1~1000cm2 and Pt / C catalyst on both sides, along with anode and cathode flow field plates and end plates. The electrochemical components are identical to this structure, with each component connected in series. Hydrogen gas that is not completely reacted in the first component flows into the second component to continue the reaction and ensure complete reaction. At the same time, the temperature of the electrochemical components is higher than the operating temperature of the PEM electrolyzer, which is 10~20℃ higher. The efficiency of PEM electrolysis for hydrogen production is calculated as follows: the operating current of the PEM electrolyzer is I, and its efficiency is η=I1+I2 / I*100%.
[0044] A method for testing the hydrogen production efficiency of PEM water electrolysis includes the following steps:
[0045] S1: First, prepare the device and initialize the electrolysis chamber. Before starting, inject deionized water into the three sets of PEM electrolysis chambers 1 through the inlet and outlet water terminals 3. The water level should cover the electrolysis area of the bipolar plate 16. Use an external pump to pre-evacuate and remove residual gas to ensure that the proton exchange membrane 102 is fully wetted. Adjust the level of the platform 4 so that the inner support rods 15 of the three sets of electrolysis chambers are in a vertical and sealed state with the side sealing plates. Before powering on, check the connection status of the conductive plate 18 and confirm the tightness of the positioning nut 12 and the inner positioning bolt 101 to prevent leakage during electrolysis.
[0046] S2: Next, the multi-chamber parallel electrolysis process is controlled. The DC power supply of the three electrolysis chambers is started synchronously. The power supply voltage range is maintained between 1.8-2.2V. The current acts on the bipolar plate array 16 through the conductive plate 18. Water molecules in the positive electrode chamber are decomposed into hydrogen ions (H⁺) and oxygen under the action of the proton exchange membrane 102. The hydrogen ions pass through the membrane and enter the negative electrode chamber to combine with electrons to generate hydrogen gas. The hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas discharged through the gas guide hole 103 is introduced into the side test tank 109 through the gas pipe 113. The inlet and outlet pipes 13 and the guide hole 104 realize the dynamic circulation of the electrolyte. The voltage, current and temperature of each chamber 9g are monitored in real time to ensure that the three electrolysis chambers operate under the same parameters.
[0047] S3: Subsequently, gas concentration and efficiency are tested. The detection cylinder 9e in the side test tank 109 evenly distributes the hydrogen flow through the gas exchange hole 9h. The hydrogen concentration sensor 9f collects data in real time under the support of the inner cross frame 9d. The hydrogen production of the three electrolysis chambers is compared with the theoretical value (Faraday efficiency) to calculate the actual hydrogen production efficiency. At the same time, gas samples are collected through the external gas pipe 114 to analyze the oxygen concentration to verify the selectivity of the proton exchange membrane 102. If the data of a certain electrolysis chamber is abnormal, its inlet and outlet pipes 19 can be closed separately for troubleshooting.
[0048] S4: Finally, the test is terminated and the data is processed. After the preset electrolysis time is reached, the power is cut off first and then the inlet and outlet water terminals 3 are closed. The external pump is used to extract the sediment water. The residual electrolyte is drained through the guide hole 104 and the inlet and outlet water pipes. The hydrogen production rate curve recorded by the hydrogen concentration sensor 9f is exported. The average efficiency is calculated by combining the cumulative hydrogen production of the three electrolysis chambers. Finally, the side sealing plate 11 is removed to check the wear of the bipolar plate 16 and the proton exchange membrane 102, which provides a basis for subsequent optimization.
[0049] In practical use, the sealing structure formed by the side sealing plate and the inner support rod 15 ensures the airtightness of the electrolysis chamber. The bipolar plate array 16, together with the proton exchange membrane 102, achieves efficient hydrogen production. The hydrogen concentration sensor 9f in the side test tank 109 can accurately monitor the gas purity. The dynamic circulation system maintains the stability of the electrolyte through the inlet and outlet pipes and the guide hole 104. The external pump effectively eliminates bubble interference. The multi-chamber parallel design not only reduces the error of a single test, but also allows for rapid location of the fault source through comparative analysis, such as checking by shutting down the inlet and outlet pipe 19 of the abnormal electrolysis chamber.
[0050] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A PEM electrolysis water hydrogen production efficiency testing device, comprising: The PEM electrolysis chamber (1) and exhaust end (5) are characterized in that: the PEM electrolysis chamber (1) is provided in three sets, the three sets of PEM electrolysis chambers (1) are of the same specifications, and a set of outer shells (2) for sealing and protecting the outer side of the three sets of PEM electrolysis chambers (1) is provided on the outside of the three sets of electrolysis chambers. A set of inlet and outlet water ends (3) for introducing and discharging the electrolyzed water inside the three sets of PEM electrolysis chambers (1) is provided on the front left side of the outer shell (2). A set of exhaust end (5) for discharging the hydrogen and oxygen gas generated by electrolysis is provided on the right side of the outer shell (2). The interior of the exhaust end (5) and the interior of the water inlet and outlet end (3) are connected to the interior of the three sets of PEM electrolysis chambers (1). The lower end of the outer shell (2) is provided with a platform (4) for supporting it. The lower end of the platform (4) is provided with an external pump for extracting the sediment water inside the three sets of PEM electrolysis chambers (1). The external pump is located at the bottom of the three sets of PEM electrolysis chambers (1). The PEM electrolysis chamber (1) includes an electrolysis testing component.
2. The PEM electrolysis water hydrogen production efficiency testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolysis test component includes a side sealing plate (11) and an external water pipe (115). The left side cross-section of the side sealing plate (11) is a rectangular structure. The inside of the side sealing plate (11) is a rectangular structure with several sets of internal fixing holes for positioning and sealing with the bipolar plate (16). Each set of internal fixing holes has a set of positioning nuts (12) on the left side for connecting and fixing with the internal positioning bolt (101). The right side of the side sealing plate (11) has several sets of bipolar plates (16) for electrolyzing the water inside.
3. The PEM electrolysis water hydrogen production efficiency testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bipolar plates (16) are provided in several groups, which are arranged in a straight-line sealed structure. Each pair of bipolar plates (16) are sealed in contact with each other by a rubber seal. An electrolytic inner cavity for electrolyzing water is provided between the several groups of bipolar plates (16). A set of conductive plates (18) for transmitting external electrical energy is provided at the middle position of the front and rear sides of each group of bipolar plates (16). A set of inlet and outlet pipes (13) for introducing external water is provided at the lower left side of the side sealing plate (11). The inlet and outlet pipes (13) are interconnected with the inside of the electrolytic inner cavity. The electrolytic inner cavity includes a positive electrode cavity and a negative electrode cavity. A set of proton exchange membranes (102) for producing hydrogen in the positive and negative electrode electrolysis process is provided between the positive electrode cavity and the negative electrode cavity.
4. The PEM electrolysis water hydrogen production efficiency testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The positive electrode cavity is interconnected with the inlet and outlet pipe 1 (13) and the air guide head 1 (14). Several sets of inner support rods (15) are provided on the outside of several sets of bipolar plates (16) for connecting and fixing side sealing plate 1 (11) and side sealing plate 2 (17). Several sets of inner support rods (15) are distributed in a rectangular ring structure, and there is a uniform interval between each two sets of inner support rods (15). Each set of inner support rods (15) is provided with an inner positioning bolt (101) for connecting and fixing side sealing plate 1 (11) and side sealing plate 2 (17). Each set of inner positioning bolts (101) is provided with a positioning nut (12) on the right side for controlling the rotation state of the inner positioning bolt (101). Each set of positioning nuts (12) and its corresponding inner positioning bolt (101) are an integral structure.
5. The PEM electrolysis water hydrogen production efficiency testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A set of two side sealing plates (17) is provided on the right side of several sets of bipolar plates (16) for providing a sealing side seal on the right side of the bipolar plates (16). The side sealing plate (11) is the same as the side sealing plate (17). A set of two inlet and outlet pipes (19) for discharging electrolyzed water is provided at the lower right side of the side sealing plate (17). The inside of the two inlet and outlet pipes (19) is connected to the inside of the negative electrode cavity. A set of two gas guide pipes for discharging hydrogen generated by electrolysis inside the negative electrode cavity is provided at the upper right side of the side sealing plate (17). A set of one gas guide pipe for discharging hydrogen generated by electrolysis inside the positive electrode cavity is provided at the upper left side of the side sealing plate (11). A gas passage pipe (113) is connected to the outside of the one gas guide pipe.
6. The PEM electrolysis water hydrogen production efficiency testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gas pipe (113) is sealed and fitted with the first gas pipe. The lower left end of the positive electrode cavity is provided with a set of guide holes (104) for discharging residual water from electrolysis. The upper left end of the positive electrode cavity is provided with a set of guide holes (103) for discharging oxygen generated by electrolysis. The guide holes (103) inside the positive electrode cavity are connected to the first gas pipe. The guide holes (104) inside the positive electrode cavity are connected to the first inlet and outlet pipe (13). The right side of the negative electrode cavity is provided with a set of guide holes (103) and guide holes (104). The guide holes (103) inside the negative electrode cavity are connected to the second gas pipe. The guide holes (104) inside the negative electrode cavity are connected to the second inlet and outlet pipe (19). The lower left end of the gas pipe (113) and the water pipe (108) is provided with a set of side test tanks (109) for testing the hydrogen content generated.
7. The PEM electrolysis water hydrogen production efficiency testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The side test tank (109) has a set of external support brackets (110) on the outer side of its upper end for limiting its position. The external support brackets (110) are fixed to the lower left side of the side sealing plate (11) by bolts. The side test tank (109) has a set of external support brackets (112) on the outer side of its lower end for limiting and supporting its lower end. The external support brackets (112) are fixed to the side sealing plate (17) by bolts. The outer side of the middle position of the side test tank (109) is evenly distributed. There are several sets of external connecting supports (111) for maintaining stable connection. The several sets of external connecting supports (111) are fixed to external support one (110) and external support two (112) by bolts. The lower end of the side test tank (109) is provided with an external gas pipe (114) and an external water pipe (115) for transmitting and collecting hydrogen and water after the test. The side test tank (109) is provided with a detection chamber for detecting hydrogen generation efficiency.
8. The PEM electrolysis water hydrogen production efficiency testing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The detection chamber includes an inner positioning support rod (9a) and a gas exchange hole (9h). The inner positioning support rod (9a) has a set of side support frames (9b) for supporting it. The lower end of the middle position of the side support frame (9b) has a set of inner support bars (9c) for supporting it. There are two sets of inner support bars (9c). The upper end of the two sets of inner support bars (9c) has a set of inner cross frame (9d) for supporting the oxygen concentration sensor. The lower end of the inner cross frame (9d) has a set of hydrogen concentration sensors (9f) for detecting the hydrogen production efficiency of PEM water electrolysis. The outer side of the hydrogen concentration sensor (9f) has a set of detection cylinders (9e) for hydrogen flow to the outside. The inside of the detection cylinder (9e) has several sets of gas exchange holes (9h) for diverting and conducting hydrogen.
9. A method for testing the hydrogen production efficiency of PEM water electrolysis according to any one of claims 1-8, comprising the following steps, characterized in that: S1: First, prepare the device and initialize the electrolysis chamber. Before starting, inject deionized water into the three PEM electrolysis chambers (1) through the inlet and outlet water terminals (3). The water level should cover the electrolysis area of the bipolar plate (16). Use an external pump to pre-evacuate and remove residual gas to ensure that the proton exchange membrane (102) is fully wetted. Adjust the level of the platform (4) so that the inner support rod (15) of the three electrolysis chambers and the side sealing plate are in a vertical and sealed state. Before powering on, check the connection status of the conductive plate (18) and confirm the tightness of the positioning nut (12) and the inner positioning bolt (101) to prevent leakage during electrolysis. S2: Next, the multi-cavity parallel electrolysis process control is carried out. The DC power supply of the three electrolysis cavities is started synchronously. The power supply voltage range is maintained between 1.8-2.2V. The current acts on the bipolar plate (16) array through the conductive plate (18). The water molecules in the positive electrode cavity are decomposed into hydrogen ions (H⁺) and oxygen under the action of the proton exchange membrane (102). The hydrogen ions pass through the membrane and enter the negative electrode cavity to combine with electrons to generate hydrogen gas. The hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas discharged through the gas guide hole (103) is introduced into the side test tank (109) through the gas pipe (113). The inlet and outlet pipe (13) and the guide hole (104) realize the dynamic circulation of the electrolyte. The voltage, current and temperature of each cavity (9g) are monitored in real time to ensure that the three electrolysis cavities operate under the same parameters. S3: Subsequently, gas concentration and efficiency are tested. The detection tube (9e) in the side test tank (109) distributes hydrogen gas evenly through the gas exchange hole (9h). The hydrogen concentration sensor (9f) collects data in real time under the support of the inner cross frame (9d). The hydrogen production of the three electrolysis chambers is compared with the theoretical value (Faraday efficiency) to calculate the actual hydrogen production efficiency. At the same time, gas samples are collected through the external gas pipe (114) to analyze the oxygen concentration to verify the selectivity of the proton exchange membrane (102). If the data of a certain electrolysis chamber is abnormal, its inlet and outlet pipes (19) can be closed separately for investigation. S4: Finally, the test is terminated and the data is sorted out. After the preset electrolysis time is reached, the power is cut off and the inlet and outlet water ends (3) are closed. The external pump is used to extract the sediment water and drain the residual electrolyte through the guide hole (104) and the inlet and outlet water pipes. The hydrogen production rate curve recorded by the hydrogen concentration sensor (9f) is exported. The average efficiency is calculated by combining the cumulative hydrogen production of the three electrolysis chambers. Finally, the side sealing plate (11) is disassembled to check the wear of the bipolar plate (16) and the proton exchange membrane (102) to provide a basis for subsequent optimization.