Environment-friendly combustion utilization technology of liquid metal sodium

Abstract

Liquid metal sodium serves as fuel and is atomized to react with oxygen in a combustion mode to generate sodium hydroxide, and then heat generated by combustion in the reaction process is converted into power or electric power. The discharged sodium hydroxide can react with carbon dioxide in the air to be converted into sodium carbonate, due to the fact that water vapor exists in the air, the sodium carbonate can be finally converted into sodium bicarbonate (sodium bicarbonate, namely some soda water for household vegetable washing), after flowing into the sea, only the acidity of the sea water is reduced, the environment is not affected, and the carbon dioxide in the air is absorbed; and the water quality is protected, storage and transportation are safe and convenient, resources are rich, and the price is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] In the field of chemistry, this refers to the oxidation and combustion reaction of metal ions. Background Technology

[0002] Since the extraction and utilization of oil and coal, the development of world industry has been greatly accelerated, playing an indelible role in social progress, economic development, and the improvement of people's living standards. However, this has also led to the depletion of these resources. Furthermore, the use of oil and coal resources emits large amounts of carbon dioxide, and excessive emissions are a major factor contributing to global warming. Under the influence of global warming, extreme weather events are becoming increasingly frequent around the world, causing great harm to industrial and agricultural production and people's daily lives, seriously affecting the development of human society. Therefore, finding alternatives to oil and coal is urgent. Based on the characteristic that the oxidation chemical reaction of certain substances generates enormous energy, we have conducted long-term research, taking into account environmental protection, safety, and cost factors. We have chosen a method to recover and utilize the heat generated by the combustion reaction of liquid metallic sodium with oxygen to support the transformation and development of green energy. If the heat generated by its oxidation combustion in a sealed reactor is converted and utilized or used in fuel cells, its energy density is 3-4 times greater than that of existing lithium batteries. The combustion reaction produces sodium hydroxide, which reacts with carbon dioxide in the air to form solid sodium carbonate. Due to the presence of water vapor in the air, the sodium carbonate eventually transforms into sodium bicarbonate (baking soda, the soda water some households use for washing vegetables). This sodium bicarbonate, flowing into the ocean, only reduces seawater acidity, protecting water quality and being harmless to the environment. It also absorbs carbon dioxide from the air. Liquid sodium metal is produced by removing chloride ions from salt (NaCl), leaving sodium ions and water. Storage and transportation are safe and convenient, and sodium chloride resources are abundant and inexpensive. If sodium chloride is reacted with water and ammonia, the resulting ammonium chloride is used as an agricultural fertilizer. It can also absorb carbon dioxide from the air through crops, a process known as a carbon sink. The remaining sodium ions and water can be used as chemical fuel. The profit from selling ammonium chloride is sufficient to offset the cost of purchasing sodium chloride and ammonia; therefore, from an economic perspective, the cost of liquid sodium metal is almost zero or negative. If the emitted sodium hydroxide is recovered and reacted with carbon dioxide to obtain sodium carbonate (soda ash), which is then sold for profit, even greater economic benefits can be achieved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Liquid sodium metal, pressurized and sprayed through an atomizing nozzle, mixes with injected oxygen in a sealed container. Due to the increased contact area between the atomized sodium ions and oxygen, under the ignition of an igniter, the sodium ions and oxygen undergo an oxidative reaction, exploding into sodium hydroxide. Once the expanding sodium hydroxide reaches a certain pressure, the pressure valve automatically opens to release the sodium hydroxide. The heat generated by the oxidative combustion heats a small container containing water inside the main container. When the generated steam reaches a certain pressure, pressure valve B automatically opens to release the steam. When about one-third of the water in the small container evaporates, the water valve opens to replenish the water to the original level, allowing the water to be recycled. If this combustion reaction of liquid sodium metal and oxygen were applied to automobile engines, only the piston cylinder structure would need to be modified. The difference is that gasoline-powered cars burn fuel, while this system burns a mixture of atomized liquid sodium metal and oxygen. Attached Figure Description

[0004] (1) Figure 1 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the principle of a liquid sodium combustion reaction vessel. (2) Figure 2 This is a simplified schematic diagram of a liquid sodium metal preparation device. (3) Figure 1 Fill the small container with water to about 2 / 3 full, but do not fill it with more water than the steam outlet. (4) Figure 1 The ratio of sodium ions to water in the medium is approximately 1:1. (5) Figure 2 The ratio of sodium chloride to water in the solution is approximately 1:5, and the amount of ammonia gas introduced is 1 / 3 of the chloride ion content. (6) Figure 2 The air inlet of the booster pump is at the top and the air outlet is at the bottom. It plays a role in stirring sodium chloride, water, and ammonia, so that they can be mixed and reacted fully. Detailed Implementation

[0005] First, construct a combustion reaction vessel according to the diagram (e.g., ...). Figure 1 ) and 1 scrubbing tower (such as Figure 2Sodium chloride is diluted in a 1:5 ratio with water in a scrubbing tower. The amount of ammonia gas added is then determined based on the amount of sodium chloride added. Generally, ammonium chloride comprises about 30% ammonia. A pipeline connects the top and bottom of the scrubbing tower, with a booster pump installed in between. This pump compresses the gas from the top of the tower and pumps it to the bottom, creating a cycle that allows unreacted ammonia gas to react repeatedly, while simultaneously agitating the sodium chloride, water, and ammonia. After separating the resulting ammonium chloride, what remains is metallic sodium ions and water, i.e., liquid metallic sodium. To increase the sodium ion concentration, the water can simply be evaporated. Oxygen can be obtained by separating it from the air using an air separation unit. Based on the heat requirements and the concentration of liquid metallic sodium, oxygen is rationally proportioned and simultaneously injected into a large container for instantaneous ignition. When the injected mixture of liquid metallic sodium and oxygen burns, the resulting sodium hydroxide expands to a certain pressure, opening a pressure valve. The continuously injected atomized liquid metallic sodium and oxygen continue the oxidative combustion reaction, thus utilizing the heat.

Claims

1. A method and apparatus for using liquid metallic sodium as fuel, atomizing it and reacting it with oxygen to produce sodium hydroxide, and then converting the heat generated during the reaction into power or electricity.

Images