Method and device for measuring TDCR sector ring wave shifting coupling under high luminous efficiency

Abstract

The invention discloses a TDCR sector-ring wave-shifting coupling measurement method and device under high luminous efficiency, a TDCR sector-ring wave-shifting coupling module is used for measurement, three PMTs (respectively A, B and C) are arranged at an angle of 120 degrees, Cerenkov light subjected to wave shifting can be received by two PMTs, light received by another PMT is mainly scattered and refracted light, the generated signal quality is poor, and the TDCR sector-ring wave-shifting coupling module is used for measurement. The optimal counting position can be determined according to the relationship, and as the TDCR quenching correction curve has consistency with nuclide, the change of the TDCR value is sufficient to form a quenching correction curve during the displacement of the standard sample with known activity, and a plurality of bottles of series quenching sample sources with different quenching degrees do not need to be prepared, so that the operation convenience is greatly reduced, and the detection efficiency is improved. The irradiation risk in personnel is reduced, and the method is particularly suitable for measurement of nuclides with relatively high Cerenkov luminous efficiency, such as Sr-89, Y-90, P-32 and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of radionuclide measurement, and in particular to a method and apparatus for measuring TDCR fan-ring wave-shifting coupling under high luminescence efficiency. Background Technology

[0002] Liquid scintillation spectrometers (also known as liquid scintillation counters) are widely used in customs, nuclear power plants, the nuclear industry, environmental monitoring, nuclear medicine, life science research, and radiation protection, primarily for measuring the activity of low-energy beta radionuclides such as H-3 and C-14. They mainly consist of a detector, a multichannel pulse amplitude analyzer, a high-voltage module, a transmission device, a shielding system, and a computer. The detector counts the sample's nuclear pulse signals across multiple channels to obtain the beta energy spectrum. When the beta particles emitted during the decay of a radionuclide travel at a speed greater than the phase velocity of light in that medium, Cherenkov radiation is generated. This effect is widely used in microscopic particle research and nuclear technology. In the field of liquid scintillation counters, photomultiplier tubes are often used to detect Cherenkov radiation in water or other media to determine the activity of beta nuclides.

[0003] Cherenkov measurements offer advantages such as low cost (no scintillation fluid required), minimal quenching effects, and high stability. However, they also suffer from low photon yield, a mismatch between the emitted light wavelength and the PMT (Photomultiplier Tube) wavelength response range, and anisotropy in photon divergence, leading to low Cherenkov detection efficiency. While Cherenkov radiation contains a high proportion of ultraviolet photons, most PMTs have a QE (Quantum Efficiency) below 15% in the 300nm–350nm range, resulting in over 50% of Cherenkov photons not being effectively converted. Although Cherenkov blue light (400nm–450nm) partially overlaps with the PMT peak, its intensity is only 1 / 5 that of ultraviolet light, resulting in a decrease in overall signal-to-noise ratio. To address the wavelength mismatch issue, a common method is to add a wavelength shifter to the sample vial to alter the emitted light wavelength. However, this wavelength shifter can cause phase separation, color quenching, chemical quenching, and autofluorescence within the sample vial, significantly affecting the measurement results.

[0004] In addition, for such Figure 1 The conventional dual-tube coincidence liquid scintillation spectrometer shown includes two opposing PMTs, namely tube A 4 and tube B 5. It has a large blind zone at the end window of the PMT, which causes nearly half of the photons 9 to be scattered, greatly affecting the light collection efficiency of the PMT. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method and apparatus for measuring TDCR fan-ring wave-shifting coupling under high luminous efficiency. Based on the TDCR (Triple-to-Double Coincidence Ratio) wave-shifting module structure and corresponding optimization calculation method, it solves the problems of wavelength mismatch and anisotropy in Cherenkov measurement. It is particularly suitable for measuring nuclides with high Cherenkov luminous efficiency, such as Sr-89, Y-90, and P-32.

[0006] This invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for measuring TDCR sector-ring wave-shifting coupling under high luminous efficiency, the method comprising:

[0008] S1. Prepare the activity standard source sample and put the activity standard source sample into the sample bottle;

[0009] S2. Counting of activity standard source samples was measured using the TDCR fan-ring wave-shifting coupling module.

[0010] The TDCR fan-ring wave-shifting coupling module includes a sample bottle and three PMTs arranged at a 120° angle with the sample bottle as the center. These are tubes A, B, and C. The sample bottle is placed in the center of a circular slide rail. The circular slide rail is provided with a fan-ring transparent plastic groove filled with wave-shifting agent. The central angle of the fan-ring transparent plastic groove is 120°. Optical coupling silicone oil is filled between the circular slide rail and the fan-ring transparent plastic groove.

[0011] Counting measurements include the following processes:

[0012] S2.1 When tube A is directly opposite the annular transparent plastic trough, record the tube A count N sequentially. A,1 , B tube count N B,1 C-tube counting N C,1 Double-tube coincidence count N d,1 And the three-tube coincidence count N t,1 ;

[0013] S2.2 Move the annular transparent plastic groove along the circular slide rail by n°, and measure the number of tubes A N in the j-th displacement interval. A,j , B tube count N B,j C-tube counting N C,j Double-tube coincidence count N d,j And the three-tube coincidence count N t,j and single tube counting rate N 1,j ;

[0014] S2.3 Repeat step S2.2 for 360 / n times until tube A is aligned with the sample vial again, and end the activity standard source sample counting measurement.

[0015] S2.4. The optimal direction is determined by analyzing the count values ​​from 360 / n measurements. The optimal direction of the wave-shifting module is determined by the relationship between the count in the wave-shifting area and the count in the non-wave-shifting area.

[0016] S3. Prepare the background solution and fill the sample vial with the background solution;

[0017] S4. The background liquid counting measurement is performed using the TDCR fan-ring wave-shifting coupling module, including the following process:

[0018] S4.1 When tube A is directly opposite the annular transparent plastic trough, record the total count rate N of a single tube. 1b,1 ;

[0019] S4.2 Move the annular transparent plastic groove along the circular slide rail by n°, and measure the total count rate N of the single tube in the j-th displacement interval. 1b,j ;

[0020] S4.3 Repeat step S4.2 for 360 / n times until tube A is aligned with the sample vial again, and end the background liquid counting measurement;

[0021] S4.4 Record the total count rate N of a single tube. 1b,j The maximum value in is denoted as N. 1b Record the coincidence count rate N of the two tubes at this position. bd And the three-tube coincidence count rate N bt ;

[0022] S5. Using the measurement results from steps S2 and S4, calculate the TDCR value of the measurement results for the j-th displacement interval. j Dual-tube coincidence counting efficiency E d,j and single-tube counting efficiency E 1,j :

[0023] ;

[0024] ;

[0025] ;

[0026] Where N 1,j N represents the single-tube counting rate measured in step S2.2. 1b,j The single-tube counting efficiency measured in step S4.2 is denoted by A, which represents the nuclide activity of the activity standard source sample, λ represents the decay constant, and t represents the time from the calibration date of the activity standard source sample to the measurement time.

[0027] S6. Utilize the TDCR values ​​from the measurement results of each displacement interval. j With dual-tube coincidence counting efficiency E d,jand single-tube counting efficiency E 1,j Plot the wave-shifting quenching correction curve, and fit the dual-tube coincidence counting efficiency-TDCR function and the single-tube counting efficiency-TDCR function, respectively. and express;

[0028] S7. Mix the sample to be tested with pure water to prepare a Cherenkov emission sample. Place the sample in a sample bottle and use a TDCR fan-ring wave-shifting coupling module to count the samples. Record the total single-tube value N of the Cherenkov emission sample at the optimal direction. ss The two-tube coincidence count value N sd And the three tube coincidence count value N st Calculate the TDCR value of the Cherenkov luminescent sample. s :

[0029] ;

[0030] S8. When the TDCR value of the Cherenkov luminescent sample is ≥0.5, the activity of the sample to be tested is calculated using the following formula:

[0031] ,

[0032] Where As is the activity of the sample to be tested, and E d The result is obtained by querying the two-tube coincidence count efficiency -TDCR function;

[0033] When the TDCR of the sample is <0.5, the activity of the sample to be tested is calculated using the following formula:

[0034] ,

[0035] Where As is the activity of the sample to be tested, and E s The result is obtained by querying the two-tube coincidence count efficiency -TDCR function.

[0036] Furthermore, let n be set to 15.

[0037] Furthermore, step S2.4, which involves determining the optimal direction of the wave-shifting module based on the relationship between the wave-shifting region count and the unshifted region count, includes the following process:

[0038] Calculate the measurement results for the j-th displacement interval, and calculate the direction coefficient μ. j :

[0039] ,

[0040] Among them, the proximal single tube count N 1,j And remote single tube count N 2,j The following cases should be considered when assigning values:

[0041] When the annular transparent plastic groove is directly aligned with pipe A:

[0042] ,

[0043] Otherwise, when the annular transparent plastic groove is directly opposite pipe B:

[0044] ,

[0045] Otherwise, when the annular transparent plastic groove is directly opposite the C-tube:

[0046] ,

[0047] Otherwise, if the annular transparent plastic groove is not directly aligned with any PMT, then one PMT will be located at the farthest end of the annular transparent plastic groove. If this PMT is tube A:

[0048] ,

[0049] Otherwise, if the PMT is a B-tube:

[0050] ,

[0051] Otherwise, if the PMT is tube A:

[0052] ;

[0053] Take the direction coefficient μ j The direction with the maximum value is taken as the optimal direction.

[0054] Secondly, the present invention also provides a high luminous efficiency TDCR fan-ring wave-shifting coupling measurement device based on the method, comprising a sample bottle and three PMTs arranged at a 120° angle with the sample bottle as the center, namely tube A, tube B and tube C. The sample bottle is placed at the center of a circular slide rail, and the circular slide rail is provided with a fan-ring transparent plastic groove filled with wave-shifting agent. The central angle of the fan-ring transparent plastic groove is 120°, and optical coupling silicone oil is filled between the circular slide rail and the fan-ring transparent plastic groove.

[0055] The beneficial effects of this invention based on its technical solution are as follows:

[0056] (1) This invention uses a TDCR fan-ring wave-shifting coupling module for measurement. Three PMTs (A, B and C) are arranged at 120°. Most of the Cherenkov light after wave-shifting can be received by two PMTs. The light received by the other tube is mainly scattered and refracted light, resulting in poor signal quality. The optimal counting position can be determined through this relationship. Since the TDCR quenching correction curve is consistent with the nuclide, the change in TDCR value during the displacement of a known activity standard sample is sufficient to form a quenching correction curve. There is no need to prepare multiple bottles of a series of quenching sample sources with different quenching degrees, which greatly reduces the convenience of operation and reduces the risk of internal irradiation for personnel.

[0057] (2) The TDCR fan ring wave-shifting coupling module of the present invention adopts a design of separate loading of wave-shifting agent and sample, which not only solves the problems of phase separation, color quenching, chemical quenching and autofluorescence caused by the mixing of wave-shifting agent into the sample bottle, but also ensures good wave-shifting capability, so that the Cherenkov light energy after passing through the wave-shifting agent is well matched with the photomultiplier tube. Secondly, the three-tube structure of the device has a larger geometric receiving angle, which can effectively receive Cherenkov light. Both improvements can greatly improve the detection efficiency of Cherenkov measurement. Attached Figure Description

[0058] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this specification. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0059] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a two-tube composite device in the prior art.

[0060] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the TDCR fan-ring wave-shifting coupling module structure of the present invention.

[0061] In the diagram: 1-sample vial, 2-sector-shaped transparent plastic groove, 3-optical coupling silicone oil, 4-tube A, 5-tube B, 6-tube C, 7-circular slide rail, 8-drive motor, 9-photon. Detailed Implementation

[0062] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0063] This embodiment provides a method for measuring TDCR sector-ring wave-shifting coupling under high luminous efficiency, the method comprising:

[0064] S1. Prepare the activity standard source sample by filling the sample vial. In this embodiment, take a clean, uncontaminated 20mL polyethylene or polytetrafluoroethylene bottle, add 0.5mL of standard solution to ensure that the sample activity is within the range of 20Bq-100Bq, then add 19.5mL of pure water without counting, tighten the cap and shake well to finally form one 20mL vial of activity standard source sample with known activity.

[0065] S2. The activity standard source sample counting was measured using the TDCR fan-ring wave-shifting coupling module.

[0066] Reference Figure 2 The TDCR fan-ring wave-shifting coupling module includes a sample bottle 1 and three PMTs arranged at a 120° angle with the sample bottle as the center, namely tube A 1, tube B 2 and tube C 3. The sample bottle is placed in the center of a circular slide rail 7. The circular slide rail is provided with a fan-ring transparent plastic groove 2 filled with wave-shifting agent. The central angle of the fan-ring transparent plastic groove is 120°. Optical coupling silicone oil 3 is filled between the circular slide rail and the fan-ring transparent plastic groove. The fan-ring transparent plastic groove moves along the circular slide rail by a drive motor 8.

[0067] Counting measurements include the following processes:

[0068] S2.1 When tube A is directly opposite the annular transparent plastic trough, record the tube A count N sequentially. A,1 , B tube count N B,1 C-tube counting N C,1 Double-tube coincidence count N d,1 And the three-tube coincidence count N t,1 ;

[0069] S2.2 Move the annular transparent plastic groove along the circular slide rail by 15° and measure the number of tubes A N in the j-th displacement interval. A,j , B tube count N B,j C-tube counting N C,j Double-tube coincidence count N d,j And the three-tube coincidence count N t,j and single tube counting rate N 1,j ;

[0070] S2.3 Repeat step S2.2 for 360 / n times until tube A is aligned with the sample vial again, and end the activity standard source sample counting measurement.

[0071] S2.4. The optimal direction is determined by analyzing the count values ​​from 24 measurements. The optimal direction of the wave-shifting module is determined based on the relationship between the counts in the shifting area and the counts in the non-shifting area. This includes the following process:

[0072] Calculate the measurement results for the j-th displacement interval, and calculate the direction coefficient μ.j :

[0073] ,

[0074] Among them, the proximal single tube count N 1,j And remote single tube count N 2,j The following cases should be considered when assigning values:

[0075] When the annular transparent plastic groove is directly aligned with pipe A:

[0076] ,

[0077] Otherwise, when the annular transparent plastic groove is directly opposite pipe B:

[0078] ,

[0079] Otherwise, when the annular transparent plastic groove is directly opposite the C-tube:

[0080] ,

[0081] Otherwise, if the annular transparent plastic groove is not directly aligned with any PMT, then one PMT will be located at the farthest end of the annular transparent plastic groove. If this PMT is tube A:

[0082] ,

[0083] Otherwise, if the PMT is a B-tube:

[0084] ,

[0085] Otherwise, if the PMT is tube A:

[0086] ;

[0087] Take the direction coefficient μ j The direction with the maximum value is taken as the optimal direction.

[0088] S3. Prepare the background solution and fill it into the sample vial.

[0089] S4. The background liquid counting measurement is performed using the TDCR fan-ring wave-shifting coupling module, including the following process:

[0090] S4.1 When tube A is directly opposite the annular transparent plastic trough, record the total count rate N of a single tube. 1b,1 ;

[0091] S4.2 Move the annular transparent plastic groove along the circular slide rail by n°, and measure the total count rate N of the single tube in the j-th displacement interval. 1b,j ;

[0092] S4.3 Repeat step S4.2 24 times until tube A is aligned with the sample bottle again, and end the background liquid counting measurement;

[0093] S4.4 Record the total count rate N of a single tube. 1b,j The maximum value in is denoted as N. 1b Record the coincidence count rate N of the two tubes at this position. bd And the three-tube coincidence count rate N bt .

[0094] The above measurement time was approximately 1000 minutes.

[0095] S5. Using the measurement results from steps S2 and S4, calculate the TDCR value of the measurement results for the j-th displacement interval. j Dual-tube coincidence counting efficiency E d,j and single-tube counting efficiency E 1,j :

[0096] ;

[0097] ;

[0098] ;

[0099] Where N 1,j N represents the single-tube counting rate measured in step S2.2. 1b,j The single-tube counting efficiency is obtained from step S4.2, where A represents the nuclide activity of the activity standard source sample, λ represents the decay constant, and t represents the time from the calibration date of the activity standard source sample to the measurement time.

[0100] S6. Utilize the TDCR values ​​from the measurement results of each displacement interval. j With dual-tube coincidence counting efficiency E d,j and single-tube counting efficiency E 1,j Plot the wave-shifting quenching correction curve, and fit the dual-tube coincidence counting efficiency-TDCR function and the single-tube counting efficiency-TDCR function, respectively. and express.

[0101] S7. Mix the sample to be tested with pure water to prepare a Cherenkov emission sample. Place the sample in a sample bottle and use a TDCR fan-ring wave-shifting coupling module to count the samples. Record the total single-tube value N of the Cherenkov emission sample at the optimal direction. ss The two-tube coincidence count value N sd And the three tube coincidence count value N st Calculate the TDCR value of the Cherenkov luminescent sample. s :

[0102] .

[0103] S8. When the TDCR value of the Cherenkov luminescent sample is ≥0.5, the activity of the sample to be tested is calculated using the following formula:

[0104] ,

[0105] Where As is the activity of the sample to be tested, and E d The result is obtained by querying the two-tube coincidence count efficiency -TDCR function;

[0106] When the TDCR of the sample is <0.5, the activity of the sample to be tested is calculated using the following formula:

[0107] ,

[0108] Where As is the activity of the sample to be tested, and E s The result is obtained by querying the two-tube coincidence count efficiency -TDCR function.

[0109] This embodiment also provides a TDCR sector-ring wave-shifting coupling measurement device with high luminous efficiency, referring to... Figure 2 The system includes a sample vial 1 and three PMTs arranged at a 120° angle around the sample vial, namely tube A 4, tube B 5, and tube C 6. The sample vial is placed in the center of a circular slide rail 7. The circular slide rail is equipped with a fan-shaped transparent plastic groove 2 filled with a wave-shifting agent. The central angle of the fan-shaped transparent plastic groove is 120°. Optical coupling silicone oil 3 is filled between the circular slide rail and the fan-shaped transparent plastic groove. The fan-shaped transparent plastic groove moves along the circular slide rail via a drive motor 8.

[0110] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0111] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for measuring TDCR fan-ring wave-shifting coupling under high luminous efficiency, characterized in that: The method includes: S1. Prepare the activity standard source sample and put the activity standard source sample into the sample bottle; S2. Counting of activity standard source samples was measured using the TDCR fan-ring wave-shifting coupling module. The TDCR fan-ring wave-shifting coupling module includes a sample bottle and three PMTs arranged at a 120° angle with the sample bottle as the center. These are tubes A, B, and C. The sample bottle is placed in the center of a circular slide rail. The circular slide rail is provided with a fan-ring transparent plastic groove filled with wave-shifting agent. The central angle of the fan-ring transparent plastic groove is 120°. Optical coupling silicone oil is filled between the circular slide rail and the fan-ring transparent plastic groove. Counting measurements include the following processes: S2.1 When tube A is directly opposite the annular transparent plastic trough, record the tube A count N sequentially. A,1 , B tube count N B,1 C-tube counting N C,1 Double-tube coincidence count N d,1 And the three-tube coincidence count N t,1 ; S2.2 Move the annular transparent plastic groove along the circular slide rail by n°, and measure the number of tubes A N in the j-th displacement interval. A,j , B tube count N B,j C-tube counting N C,j Double-tube coincidence count N d,j And the three-tube coincidence count N t,j and single tube counting rate N 1,j ; S2.3 Repeat step S2.2 for 360 / n times until tube A is aligned with the sample vial again, and end the activity standard source sample counting measurement. S2.

4. The optimal direction is determined by analyzing the count values ​​from 360 / n measurements. The optimal direction of the wave-shifting module is determined by the relationship between the count in the wave-shifting area and the count in the non-wave-shifting area. S3. Prepare the background solution and fill the sample vial with the background solution; S4. The background liquid counting measurement is performed using the TDCR fan-ring wave-shifting coupling module, including the following process: S4.1 When tube A is directly opposite the annular transparent plastic trough, record the total count rate N of a single tube. 1b,1 ; S4.2 Move the annular transparent plastic groove along the circular slide rail by n°, and measure the total count rate N of the single tube in the j-th displacement interval. 1b,j ; S4.3 Repeat step S4.2 for 360 / n times until tube A is aligned with the sample vial again, and end the background liquid counting measurement; S4.4 Record the total count rate N of a single tube. 1b,j The maximum value in is denoted as N. 1b Record the coincidence count rate N of the two tubes at this position. bd And the three-tube coincidence count rate N bt ; S5. Using the measurement results from steps S2 and S4, calculate the TDCR value of the measurement results for the j-th displacement interval. j Dual-tube coincidence counting efficiency E d,j and single-tube counting efficiency E 1,j : ； ； ； Where N 1,j N represents the single-tube counting rate measured in step S2.

2. 1b,j The single-tube counting efficiency measured in step S4.2 is denoted by A, which represents the nuclide activity of the activity standard source sample, λ represents the decay constant, and t represents the time from the calibration date of the activity standard source sample to the measurement time. S6. Utilize the TDCR values ​​from the measurement results of each displacement interval. j With dual-tube coincidence counting efficiency E d,j and single-tube counting efficiency E 1,j Plot the wave-shifting quenching correction curve, and fit the dual-tube coincidence counting efficiency-TDCR function and the single-tube counting efficiency-TDCR function, respectively. and express; S7. Mix the sample to be tested with pure water to prepare a Cherenkov emission sample. Place the sample in a sample bottle and use a TDCR fan-ring wave-shifting coupling module to count the samples. Record the total single-tube value N of the Cherenkov emission sample at the optimal direction. ss The two-tube coincidence count value N sd And the three tube coincidence count value N st Calculate the TDCR value of the Cherenkov luminescent sample. s : ； S8. When the TDCR value of the Cherenkov luminescent sample is ≥0.5, the activity of the sample to be tested is calculated using the following formula: ， Where As is the activity of the sample to be tested, and E d The result is obtained by querying the two-tube coincidence count efficiency -TDCR function; When the TDCR of the sample is <0.5, the activity of the sample to be tested is calculated using the following formula: ， Where As is the activity of the sample to be tested, and E s The result is obtained by querying the two-tube coincidence count efficiency -TDCR function.

2. The TDCR fan-ring wave-shifting coupling measurement method under high luminous efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: n is set to 15.

3. The TDCR fan-ring wave-shifting coupling measurement method under high luminous efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S2.4, which involves determining the optimal direction of the wave-shifting module based on the relationship between the wave-shifting region count and the unshifted region count, includes the following process: Calculate the measurement results for the j-th displacement interval, and calculate the direction coefficient μ. j : ， Among them, the proximal single tube count N 1,j And remote single tube count N 2,j The following cases should be considered when assigning values: When the annular transparent plastic groove is directly aligned with pipe A: ， Otherwise, when the annular transparent plastic groove is directly opposite pipe B: ， Otherwise, when the annular transparent plastic groove is directly opposite the C-tube: ， Otherwise, if the annular transparent plastic groove is not directly aligned with any PMT, then one PMT will be located at the farthest end of the annular transparent plastic groove. If this PMT is tube A: ， Otherwise, if the PMT is a B-tube: ， Otherwise, if the PMT is tube A: ； Take the direction coefficient μ j The direction with the maximum value is taken as the optimal direction.

4. A high-luminous-efficiency TDCR sector-ring wave-shifting coupling measurement device based on the method of claim 1, characterized in that: It includes a sample vial and three PMTs arranged at a 120° angle around the sample vial, namely tube A, tube B and tube C. The sample vial is placed in the center of a circular slide rail. The circular slide rail is equipped with a fan-shaped transparent plastic groove filled with a wave-shifting agent. The central angle of the fan-shaped transparent plastic groove is 120°. Optical coupling silicone oil is filled between the circular slide rail and the fan-shaped transparent plastic groove.

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