Large-scale distress efficient alarm position warning method, alarm device, search and rescue device and search and rescue system

Abstract

The invention provides an efficient alarm position warning method for large-scale distress, alarm equipment, search and rescue equipment and a search and rescue system. SOS information is sent to search and rescue equipment; receiving confirmation information returned by the search and rescue equipment; and if the alarm equipment ID list does not comprise the equipment ID of the alarm equipment, the help-seeking information is sent again according to the updated M, and sending is stopped until a help-seeking response returned by the search and rescue equipment is received. The method is used for solving the problems that alarm signal collision conflicts occur in a large-scale distress alarm application scene within a short time, and the alarm position alarm efficiency is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of communication technology, specifically relating to a large-scale distress high-efficiency alarm positioning, alarm device, search and rescue device, and search and rescue system. Background Technology

[0002] In the event of severe disasters such as flash floods, earthquakes, tsunamis, and shipwrecks, mass casualties are likely to occur within a short period. During these events, distress signals are concentrated, consuming valuable radio frequency resources. If these signals are not restricted and coordinated through technical means, the collision and interference of numerous alarm signals can prevent timely transmission, hindering search and rescue efforts and impacting subsequent rescue plans and operations.

[0003] The current distress alarm mechanism works as follows: once a distress situation occurs, if the person in distress is able to operate the distress call device independently, they can manually select the alarm. The alarm signal carries their own ID, the latest satellite positioning information, and status-related information, and wait for search and rescue forces to arrive. The automatic alarm triggering mechanism can ensure that even if the person in distress is disabled, they can still successfully make a distress alarm and call for help, and the device will operate in automatic mode.

[0004] In automatic operation mode, in order to extend the working time of the equipment, the alarm device will adopt a "work-sleep" mechanism, that is, after working for a period of time, it will enter a sleep state, and in the working state, it will periodically send distress alarm information at regular intervals. This cycle will repeat until the device is successfully rescued or the equipment runs out of power and stops working.

[0005] Existing distress alarm locating mechanisms employ random time backoff, but the backoff range is narrow, meaning the number of selectable random time backoffs is limited (only a few). This is effective for rapid alarm locating when there are few distressed individuals or when the distress is not concentrated in a single timeframe. The program control and hardware implementation are simple and reliable. However, for special scenarios involving large-scale (hundreds) distress alarms within a short period, the limited number of available backoffs and the numerous overlapping random backoff times lead to alarm signal collisions and conflicts, significantly reducing alarm locating efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art. Therefore, this invention proposes a large-scale, high-efficiency alarm positioning method, alarm device, search and rescue equipment, and search and rescue system. The alarm device of this invention sends a distress message to the search and rescue equipment. The distress message includes at least the alarm device ID, location information, and control parameter M, where M represents the selectable range of the alarm device's single retreat. The system receives confirmation information from search and rescue equipment. This confirmation information includes the search and rescue equipment ID, a list of alarm equipment IDs, and an updated M. The updated M instructs the alarm equipment to adjust its alarm strategy based on the updated M. If the alarm equipment ID list does not include its own equipment ID, the system resends the distress message based on the updated M until a distress response is received from the search and rescue equipment, at which point it stops sending the message. Because this solution resends the distress message after receiving the updated M in the confirmation information, it improves alarm efficiency and shortens alarm time. This solves the problem in existing technologies where alarm signal collisions and conflicts occur in large-scale distress alarm applications within a short period, reducing alarm positioning efficiency.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for efficient alarm positioning in large-scale distress situations, applied to alarm devices. The method includes: sending a distress message to a search and rescue device, the distress message including at least an alarm device ID, location information, and a control parameter M, where M represents the selectable range of a single retreat for the alarm device; receiving confirmation information returned by the search and rescue device, the confirmation information including at least a search and rescue device ID, a list of alarm device IDs, and an updated M, the updated M being used to instruct the alarm device to adjust its alarm strategy according to the updated M; if the alarm device ID list does not include its own device ID, then resending the distress message according to the updated M until a distress response is received from the search and rescue device, at which point sending stops.

[0008] In some embodiments of this application, when K is known, K is the total number of alarm devices, M=K in the initial distress signal, and the updated M in the confirmation information is the number of remaining alarm devices not included in the alarm device ID list.

[0009] In some embodiments of this application, when K is unknown, K is the total number of alarm devices, M is a default value, M=K in the initial distress signal, and the updated M in the confirmation information is determined based on whether K is too large or too small.

[0010] In some embodiments of this application, the confirmation information further includes a time base, and the method further includes: after the alarm device receives the confirmation information returned by the search and rescue device, all alarm devices synchronize their time based on the time base.

[0011] In some embodiments of this application, the confirmation information further includes distance information between the search and rescue equipment and the alarm equipment, and the alarm equipment displays the search and rescue situation based on the distance information.

[0012] In some embodiments of this application, the confirmation information further includes a time reference, and the method further includes: after the alarm device receives the confirmation information returned by the search and rescue device, all alarm devices synchronize their time based on the time reference; and the confirmation information also includes distance information between the search and rescue device and the alarm device, and the alarm device displays the search and rescue situation based on the distance information.

[0013] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for efficient alarm positioning in large-scale distress situations, applied to search and rescue equipment. The method includes: receiving distress information sent by an alarm device, the distress information including at least an alarm device ID, location information, and control parameter M, where M represents the selectable range of a single retreat by the alarm device; returning confirmation information to the alarm device, the confirmation information including at least a search and rescue equipment ID, a list of alarm device IDs, and an updated M, the updated M being used to instruct other alarm devices to adjust their alarm strategies according to the updated M, wherein the other devices are those not included in the list of alarm device IDs.

[0014] In some embodiments of this application, after receiving the distress message sent by the alarm device, the method further includes: determining the proportion of alarm signals that have not experienced collision conflicts based on M=K and the number of alarm devices that have successfully received the distress message. and based on The updated M is determined by judging whether K is too large or too small based on empirical values.

[0015] In some embodiments of this application, the method further includes: obtaining the empirical value, which is obtained through simulation analysis and its value ranges from 0.28 to 0.46.

[0016] Thirdly, an alarm device is provided, comprising: a sending module configured to send a distress message to a search and rescue device, the distress message including at least an alarm device ID, location information, and a control parameter M, where M represents the selectable range of a single backoff by the alarm device; a receiving module configured to receive confirmation information returned by the search and rescue device, the confirmation information including at least a search and rescue device ID, a list of alarm device IDs, and an updated M, the updated M being used to instruct the alarm device to adjust its alarm strategy according to the updated M; and an updating module configured to, if the alarm device ID list does not include its own device ID, resend the distress message according to the updated M until a distress response is received from the search and rescue device, at which point the sending stops.

[0017] Fourthly, a search and rescue device is provided, comprising: a receiving module configured to receive distress information sent by an alarm device, the distress information including at least an alarm device ID and location information, and a control parameter M, where M represents the selectable range of a single retreat by the alarm device; and a sending module configured to return confirmation information to the alarm device, the confirmation information including at least a search and rescue device ID, a list of alarm device IDs, and an updated M, the updated M being used to instruct other alarm devices to adjust their alarm strategies according to the updated M, wherein the other devices are devices not included in the list of alarm device IDs.

[0018] Fifthly, a search and rescue system is provided, comprising: the alarm device described in the third aspect and the search and rescue device described in the fourth aspect.

[0019] The search and rescue system, search and rescue equipment, and alarm equipment described above have the same advantages and control methods as existing technologies, and will not be elaborated here.

[0020] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings are incorporated in and form part of this specification, and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the distress alarm position workflow provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an alarm efficiency diagram for different M / K ratios provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the distribution of the number of successful alarms for all devices under the conditions that M=K and M remains unchanged, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the time distribution of all successful alarms of all devices under the condition that M=K and M remains unchanged, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the distribution of the number of successful alarms for all devices under the initial M=K and M adaptive adjustment scenarios provided in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 6This is a schematic diagram illustrating the time distribution of all alarms successfully triggered under the initial M=K and M adaptive adjustment scenario provided in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the proportion of successful single alarms when M=K=300, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 A schematic diagram illustrating the basic workflow of large-scale distress radio alarm positions and reception provided in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 9 A flowchart illustrating a large-scale distress efficient alarm positioning method provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the alarm device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the search and rescue equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a search and rescue system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples consistent with some aspects of the invention as detailed in the appended claims.

[0025] Existing distress alarm locating mechanisms employ random time backoff, but the backoff range is narrow, meaning the number of selectable random time backoffs is limited (only a few). This is effective for rapid alarm locating when there are few distressed individuals or when the distress is not concentrated in a single timeframe. The program control and hardware implementation are simple and reliable. However, for special scenarios involving large-scale (hundreds) distress alarms within a short period, the limited number of available backoffs and the numerous overlapping random backoff times lead to alarm signal collisions and conflicts, significantly reducing alarm locating efficiency.

[0026] Therefore, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for efficient alarm positioning in large-scale distress situations, an alarm device, a search and rescue device, and a search and rescue system. The present invention sends a distress message to the search and rescue device, the distress message including at least the alarm device ID and location information, and a control parameter M, where M represents the selectable range of a single retreat by the alarm device. The system receives confirmation information from search and rescue equipment. This confirmation information includes at least the search and rescue equipment ID, a list of alarm equipment IDs, and an updated M. The updated M instructs the alarm equipment to adjust its alarm strategy based on the updated M. If the alarm equipment ID list does not include its own equipment ID, the system resends the distress message based on the updated M until a distress response is received from the search and rescue equipment, at which point transmission stops. Because this solution resends the distress message using the updated M in the received confirmation information, it improves alarm efficiency and shortens alarm time. This solves the problem in existing technologies where alarm signal collisions and conflicts occur in large-scale distress alarm applications within a short period, reducing alarm positioning efficiency.

[0027] Terminology Explanation: Alarm and location devices: Also known as alarm equipment, these are wireless communication devices with voice, data transmission, and location functions. Used in conjunction with search and rescue equipment (also known as search and rescue equipment), they enable distress alarms and target search and location.

[0028] Radio alarm positioning: In case of distress, use radio equipment to make an alarm positioning call for help, and send out relevant information such as the identity and status of the person in distress, the time and location of the distress, and the surrounding environment to facilitate the timely initiation of search and rescue procedures.

[0029] Emergency call terminal: Personnel equipped with alarm positioning devices and who send alarm positioning signals.

[0030] Search and rescue end: Personnel equipped with search and positioning equipment to search for and locate targets in distress.

[0031] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0032] The detailed content of the embodiments of the present invention mainly includes the following two aspects: I. Distress Alarm Positioning Workflow like Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of the distress alarm position workflow provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] In case of distress, the device automatically triggers the startup conditions or is manually started. Upon power-up, the device uses its satellite positioning module to first acquire its own location information, then transmits this location information along with its own identification ID and status information. If no satellite positioning information is obtained, the corresponding location data is set to zero. After transmitting the alarm signal, the device enters receiving mode, waiting for confirmation from the reverse link. If no confirmation is received, the device retransmits the alarm signal and then enters receiving mode, repeating this process several times (the exact number is user-defined). Afterward, it enters a power-off sleep state (to extend the device's operating time), thus completing a full working sleep cycle. See details... Figure 1 The content shown.

[0034] A successful device alarm requires that the alarm signal be successfully transmitted and that confirmation information be received from the reverse link. Once the alarm device receives the reverse confirmation information from the search and rescue end, it will stop transmitting alarm signals according to the agreed protocol (unless its own location changes) and switch to receiving mode, thereby reducing interference with other alarm signals.

[0035] In addition to carrying confirmation information (its own ID and the alarm device ID), the reverse link can also carry corresponding control parameters (such as a time base to allow multiple alarm devices to synchronize and be processed according to a unified time base; the number of alarm IDs and the number of backoffs facilitate the dynamic setting of random backoff parameters, etc.). Because the reverse link is broadcast-based, every alarm device in normal receiving mode can receive and parse the information, obtain relevant information (which can be used for data fusion processing), and make targeted settings for the alarm devices based on remote control parameters, thereby reducing the probability of alarm signal conflicts between devices and effectively improving overall alarm efficiency.

[0036] II. Parameter Control Strategy In the event of a large-scale distress alarm within a short period of time, efficient alarm and distress calls can be made without human intervention through technical means. "Efficient alarm" means that all alarm signals are successfully sent in the shortest possible time (without collision conflicts). Therefore, "efficient alarm" can be specifically characterized by the number of devices that successfully alarm per unit time.

[0037] Among the many control parameters, two are particularly critical: (1) the number of alarm devices. (2) Selectable range of single retreat for alarm devices The proportion of alarm signals that did not result in collision conflicts. (i.e., the percentage of successful launches) and and Directly related. Based on theoretical derivation and analysis, it can be concluded that... The number of alarm devices that successfully issued an alarm signal in a single instance. Theoretically, the first distress call has the highest probability of collision and the largest number of collisions, meaning fewer distress calls go uncollided. Subsequent distress calls will have a lower probability of collision, but due to the reduced total number of distress call devices, the number of uncollided distress calls will further decrease, and so on (in a statistical average sense).

[0038] Assuming the number of alarm devices at the emergency call end The percentage of those who called for help without a collision on the first attempt was [percentage missing]. Number of successful distress calls The percentage of second emergency calls made without collision was [percentage missing]. Number of successful distress calls The percentage of third, non-collision emergency calls was: Number of successful distress calls And so on, from a statistical average perspective, there are .

[0039] Assuming the duration of a single alarm signal command from the emergency call terminal is... The duration of a single reverse confirmation command from the search and rescue end is The time for a complete "distress alert - receiving reverse confirmation" is... The number of alarm devices per unit time, i.e., alarm efficiency. . The larger the value, the higher the alarm efficiency.

[0040] In practical applications, and The two are not much different. Furthermore, this is a fixed value, the specific amount of which depends on the design. Therefore, the alarm efficiency... It can be simplified to The above questions become... Find the maximum value, i.e. Using mathematical knowledge, we can obtain that when Larger, and hour, .in It is a natural constant. That is, when The alarm efficiency is highest when [the alarm is activated]. , Simulation results at that time are as follows Figure 2 As shown. The results show that, Good results can be achieved within the specified range, and settings can be adjusted as needed during actual operation.

[0041] By utilizing the reverse confirmation mechanism at the search and rescue end, alarm devices that receive a successful alarm confirmation message will no longer transmit alarm signals, effectively reducing the probability of collisions and conflicts in subsequent alarm signals. If the location of the people in distress can be roughly determined in advance... If the corresponding parameters are added to the reverse confirmation signal at the search and rescue end, the device that failed to alarm can automatically adjust the M value according to the parameters so as to achieve the highest alarm efficiency in subsequent alarms.

[0042] exist and Known and and Under the condition that remains unchanged, Figure 3 The simulation results show that the vast majority (99% probability) of alarms can be successfully triggered with only 5 transmissions. Figure 4 The time distribution of all successful alarms for all devices under the condition that M=K and remains unchanged.

[0043] exist and Given that M=K initially, and subsequently... Under adaptive adjustment conditions, Figure 5 The simulation results show that 14-19 transmissions are needed to successfully trigger an alarm with a 99% probability. Although the number of transmissions is relatively high, the time required is actually shorter as the value of M decreases in the later stages, which requires precise coordination between the transmitting and receiving ends. Figure 6 This represents the time distribution of all successful alarms under the condition that M=K for the first time, and M is subsequently adjusted adaptively.

[0044] pass Figures 3-4 The case where K and M are known and M=K, and M remains unchanged, is similar to... Figure 5 and Figure 6 The contrast between the initial M=K and the subsequent adaptive adjustment of M further illustrates that the adaptive adjustment of M control strategy can solve the problem of alarm signal collision and conflict in large-scale distress alarm application scenarios in a short period of time, which reduces the efficiency of alarm positioning.

[0045] if Use the default value. It is unknown; theoretically, the search and rescue system could base its decisions on the proportion of cases where no collisions or conflicts occurred, based on the alarm signals. Based on the received alarm signals, the deduction is made backwards. The range allows for the inclusion of whether adjustments are needed and how to adjust them in the reverse confirmation command. Information. For example, when hour, The cumulative distribution function (CDF) is as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the percentages are mainly distributed between 10% and 90%, corresponding to values ​​of approximately 0.33 and 0.4. Therefore, when the search and rescue end discovers the default M condition... When the value is significantly higher or lower, it can be inferred that... The value is too small ( Too high) or too large ( (Too low), so it will automatically adjust. This value is adjusted to improve alarm efficiency and shorten alarm time.

[0046] in, Figure 7 This result was obtained after extensive simulations with M=K=300. Specifically, it represents the success rate of K devices launching in a single random backoff cycle (0~M-1). Although the success rate varies each time, it falls within a certain range, approximately 0.26 to 0.48 as shown in the graph. The vertical axis represents the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the alarm success rate, i.e., the probability that the success rate will not exceed a certain value. For example, it's 100% certain that it won't exceed 0.48, and the probability of not exceeding 0.4 is around 90%. From this graph, one can infer whether the default parameters are too high or too low.

[0047] Based on the above analysis, the basic workflow for large-scale distress radio alarm positioning and reception is described in [link to documentation]. Figure 8 The content shown.

[0048] Based on the simulation results and theoretical analysis of the relationship between M and K, and Figure 8 The corresponding basic workflow diagram shows that this invention provides a method for efficient alarm positioning in large-scale distress situations, involving communication and interaction between alarm devices and search and rescue equipment. The specific details are as follows: like Figure 9 The diagram shown is a flowchart illustrating a large-scale distress efficient alarm positioning method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The method includes: 101. The alarm device sends a distress message to the search and rescue equipment.

[0049] The distress message mentioned above includes at least the alarm device ID and location information, as well as control parameter M, where M represents the selectable range of the alarm device for a single retreat. .

[0050] For example, after the aforementioned alarm device is activated in distress, it first obtains its own location information and then alarms using preset parameters and strategies. This location information can be obtained directly or indirectly. For instance, suppose device A is activated in distress and first obtains its location directly via satellite positioning. If, due to special circumstances, it cannot successfully obtain satellite positioning information, it can indirectly determine its approximate location (within device B's communication range) by receiving satellite positioning information carried in alarm signals from nearby device B. Therefore, this location can be used as an estimate of its own position. To ensure that the search and rescue end can correctly determine the "authenticity" of the alarm device's satellite positioning information, a marker needs to be appended to the satellite positioning information. For example, "00" represents directly obtained satellite positioning information, "01" represents indirectly obtained satellite positioning information, and "10" represents satellite positioning information calculated based on a positioning algorithm. Once device A obtains the actual satellite positioning information later, the marker can be changed back to "00". Therefore, among these alarm signals, as long as a few alarm signals carrying satellite positioning information are successfully sent and received, the search and rescue end can determine the approximate distress area.

[0051] 102. The search and rescue equipment returns confirmation information to the alarm equipment.

[0052] The aforementioned confirmation information includes at least the search and rescue equipment ID and alarm equipment ID list, as well as the updated M. The updated M is used to instruct the remaining alarm equipment to adjust their alarm strategies according to the updated M. The remaining equipment refers to equipment not included in the alarm equipment ID list.

[0053] For example, how the updated M is determined here includes two cases.

[0054] The first scenario: When K is known, information related to the distress can be obtained through other means, such as the composition and size of the distressed personnel. This type of information helps the search and rescue team make judgments, including determining relevant parameters, such as the number of distressed personnel (i.e., the number of alarm devices K). In the initial distress signal, M=K, and the updated M in the aforementioned confirmation information represents the number of remaining alarm devices not included in the alarm device ID list.

[0055] For example, assuming K is 100 in a certain incident, the distress caller successfully alarms 30 times in the first distress call, and the number of devices needing to call for help again is 70, the search and rescue end broadcasts the updated M=70 (i.e., the number of remaining alarm devices not included in the alarm device ID list) to the distress caller. Then, the other alarm devices on the distress caller adjust their alarm strategies based on the received updated M=70, meaning they transmit distress signals at intervals of (0~69) * transmission time, with a total of 69 delay times to avoid collisions as much as possible. 0 represents no delay, i.e., immediate transmission. The interval unit is the duration of the transmitted signal. If the number of successful alarms in the next distress call is 20, then the number of devices that need to be called again in the next call is 50. The search and rescue end will then broadcast the updated M=50 to the distress call end. Then, the other alarm devices on the distress call end will adjust their alarm strategies based on the received updated M=50. This cycle continues until all the distress call end's alarm devices have successfully sent out their distress signals, at which point the cycle stops.

[0056] The second scenario: When K is unknown, for example, when it is impossible to accurately obtain the specific data of K in a certain accident, M is the default value. In the initial distress signal, M=K. The updated M in the confirmation information is determined based on whether K is too large or too small.

[0057] Optionally, after receiving the distress message from the alarm device, the method further includes: the search and rescue device determining the proportion of alarm signals that did not experience collisions based on M=K and the number of alarm devices that successfully received distress messages. and based on The updated M is determined by judging whether K is too large or too small based on empirical values.

[0058] For example, from Figure 7 The simulation results can be obtained The empirical value is between 0.28 and 0.46.

[0059] For example, suppose K is unknown in a certain accident, and M uses a default value. In the initial distress signal, M=K. If the success rate of a single distress call, determined by the distress caller based on the number of successfully received alarm devices, exceeds 60%, then... Figure 7 The simulation results can determine It is significantly higher than normal, which can be inferred. The value is too small, so the search and rescue equipment at the search and rescue end automatically adjusts based on this result. The value of M is then adjusted, and the adjusted M value is returned to the alarm terminal via the reverse link confirmation information. The alarm terminal then adjusts the alarm policy based on the adjusted M value to improve alarm efficiency and shorten alarm time.

[0060] Optionally, the confirmation information may further include a time reference, and the method may further include: after the alarm device receives the confirmation information returned by the search and rescue device, all alarm devices synchronize their time based on the time reference. And / or, the confirmation information may also include distance information between the search and rescue device and the alarm device, and the alarm device displays the search and rescue status based on the distance information.

[0061] In the above embodiments, the initial alarm call from the distress caller may not strictly adhere to the backoff time because the system times of the various alarm devices are inconsistent; this is essentially equivalent to a random alarm. Upon receiving a reverse confirmation command from the search unit, all alarm devices synchronize their time, obtaining a common time base, and thus strictly follow the "random backoff alarm" mechanism for alarm calls. Adding ranging information from the search unit to the distress caller allows alarm personnel to be informed of the search unit's status, helping to alleviate the psychological stress of those in distress. The confirmation information can also be combined with other parameters to achieve more search and rescue functions. For example, adding a "work-sleep" parameter adjusts the working interval ratio of the alarm devices.

[0062] 103. If the alarm device ID list does not include its own device ID, then resend the distress message according to the updated M until a distress response is received from the search and rescue equipment, then stop sending.

[0063] In this embodiment of the invention, a reverse confirmation mechanism is used at the search and rescue end. After receiving a successful alarm confirmation message, the alarm device no longer transmits an alarm signal, which is equivalent to reducing the probability of collision conflicts in subsequent alarm signals. Devices that fail to issue an alarm automatically adjust the value of M based on the control parameter N in the confirmation message in order to achieve the highest alarm efficiency in subsequent alarms.

[0064] like Figure 10 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of an alarm device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The alarm device 200 includes a sending module 201, a receiving module 202, and an updating module 203, wherein: The sending module 201 is configured to send a distress message to the search and rescue equipment. The distress message includes at least the alarm device ID and location information, as well as control parameter M, where M represents the selectable range of the alarm device for a single retreat. .

[0065] The receiving module 202 is configured to receive confirmation information returned by the search and rescue equipment. The confirmation information includes at least the search and rescue equipment ID, a list of alarm equipment IDs, and an updated M. The updated M is used to instruct the alarm equipment to adjust its alarm strategy according to the updated M.

[0066] The update module 203 is configured to resend the distress message according to the updated M if its own device ID is not included in the list of alarm device IDs, until a distress response is received from the search and rescue device and then the sending stops.

[0067] like Figure 11 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a search and rescue device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The search and rescue device 300 includes a receiving module 301 and a transmitting module 302, wherein: The receiving module 301 is configured to receive distress messages sent by alarm devices. The distress messages include at least the alarm device ID and location information, as well as control parameters M, where M represents the selectable range of a single backoff operation for the alarm device. .

[0068] The sending module 302 is configured to return confirmation information to the alarm device. The confirmation information includes at least the search and rescue device ID, the alarm device ID list, and the updated M. The updated M is used to instruct the other alarm devices to adjust their alarm strategies according to the updated M. The other devices are those not included in the alarm device ID list.

[0069] like Figure 12 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a search and rescue system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The search and rescue system 400 includes: the alarm device 401 described above and the search and rescue device 402.

[0070] It should be noted that the specific implementation details of the alarm devices, search and rescue equipment, and search and rescue systems mentioned above can be found in the textual description of the methods above, and will not be repeated here.

[0071] In summary, the advantages of this invention are: 1) By utilizing the random delay backoff alarm at the distress call end, the "feedback-confirmation" mechanism at the search end, and the flexible setting mechanism of control parameters, the probability of alarm signal collision caused by random backoff can be effectively reduced. This can quickly resolve the problem of concentrated alarm and distress call collisions from dozens, hundreds, or even more targets in distress, reduce the number of distress alarm signal transmissions, and minimize the "alarm-reception" time. This not only significantly improves the efficiency of alarm and distress call reception and extends the working time of the equipment, but also contributes to the safety of search and rescue operations.

[0072] 2) The control parameter setting and adjustment strategies and methods based on optimized design have strong flexibility, versatility and scalability.

[0073] 3) The combination of efficient alarm positions on the distress call end and efficient search mechanisms on the search and rescue end can form a complete and efficient distress call and search solution.

[0074] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.

[0075] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the content already described above, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for efficient alarm positioning in large-scale distress situations, applied to alarm equipment, characterized in that: The method includes: Send a distress message to the search and rescue equipment. The distress message includes at least the alarm device ID and location information, as well as control parameter M, where M represents the selectable range of the alarm device for a single retreat. ; The system receives confirmation information returned by the search and rescue equipment. The confirmation information includes at least the search and rescue equipment ID, a list of alarm equipment IDs, and an updated M. The updated M is used to instruct the alarm equipment to adjust its alarm strategy according to the updated M. If the alarm device ID list does not include its own device ID, then the distress message will be sent again according to the updated M until a distress response is received from the search and rescue device, at which point the sending will stop.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When K is known, K is the total number of alarm devices. In the initial distress signal, M=K. The updated M in the confirmation information is the number of remaining alarm devices not included in the alarm device ID list.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When K is unknown, K is the total number of alarm devices, M is the default value, M=K in the initial distress signal, and the updated M in the confirmation information is determined based on whether K is too large or too small.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The confirmation information also includes a time reference, and the method further includes: when the alarm device receives the confirmation information returned by the search and rescue device, all alarm devices synchronize their time based on the time reference; And / or, the confirmation information may also include distance information between the search and rescue equipment and the alarm equipment, and the alarm equipment may display the search and rescue status based on the distance information.

5. A method for efficient alarm and location in large-scale distress situations, applied to search and rescue equipment, characterized in that: The method includes: The system receives distress signals from alarm devices. These distress signals include at least the alarm device ID and location information, as well as control parameters M, where M represents the selectable range for a single backoff maneuver by the alarm device. ; A confirmation message is returned to the alarm device. The confirmation message includes at least the search and rescue device ID, the alarm device ID list, and the updated M. The updated M is used to instruct the other alarm devices to adjust their alarm strategies according to the updated M. The other devices are those not included in the alarm device ID list.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, After receiving the distress message sent by the alarm device, the method further includes: The proportion of alarm signals that did not experience collisions was determined based on M=K and the number of alarm devices that successfully received distress signals. and based on the The updated M is determined by judging whether K is too large or too small based on empirical values.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method further includes: The empirical value is obtained through simulation analysis and its value ranges from 0.28 to 0.

46.

8. An alarm device, characterized in that, include: The sending module is configured to send a distress message to search and rescue equipment. The distress message includes at least the alarm device ID and location information, as well as control parameters M, where M represents the selectable range of the alarm device for a single retreat. ; The receiving module is configured to receive confirmation information returned by the search and rescue equipment. The confirmation information includes at least the search and rescue equipment ID, a list of alarm equipment IDs, and an updated M. The updated M is used to instruct the alarm equipment to adjust its alarm strategy according to the updated M. The update module is configured to resend the distress message according to the updated M if its own device ID is not included in the list of alarm device IDs, until a distress response is received from the search and rescue device, at which point the sending stops.

9. A search and rescue device, characterized in that, include: The receiving module is configured to receive distress messages sent by alarm devices. These distress messages include at least the alarm device ID and location information, as well as control parameters M, where M represents the selectable range for a single backoff maneuver by the alarm device. ; The sending module is configured to return confirmation information to the alarm device. The confirmation information includes at least the search and rescue device ID, the alarm device ID list, and an updated M. The updated M is used to instruct the remaining alarm devices to adjust their alarm policies according to the updated M. The remaining devices are those not included in the alarm device ID list.

10. A search and rescue system, characterized in that, include: The alarm device as described in claim 8 and the search and rescue device as described in claim 9.

Images