Lithium iron phosphate / sodium titanium phosphate mixed ion battery

Abstract

The invention relates to a lithium iron phosphate / sodium titanium phosphate mixed ion battery, and relates to the technical field of battery preparation. The invention aims to construct a brand new mixed ion battery system: the suitability of a positive electrode is optimized, mature and stable lithium iron phosphate (LFP) is adopted as the positive electrode, and a high-voltage platform (approximately equal to 3.4 V vs Li < + > / Li) and excellent structural stability of the positive electrode are utilized; according to the multifunctional design of the negative electrode, sodium titanium phosphate (STP) is selected as the negative electrode, and the characteristic that lithium / sodium can be embedded simultaneously in the first-circle charging and discharging process is fully exerted; the electrolyte is synergistically regulated and controlled, the mixed electrolyte with specific composition is developed, and efficient reversible transmission of lithium / sodium ions between the positive electrode and the negative electrode is realized by accurately controlling the concentration ratio of two salts. In the whole process, through accurately controlled electrode material selection and electrolyte formula, high-efficiency and stable operation of the battery is ensured, and many problems of a traditional battery are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery manufacturing technology, and in particular to a lithium iron phosphate / sodium titanium phosphate hybrid ion battery. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy industry, the demand for high-performance secondary batteries is increasing. Although the mainstream lithium-ion batteries are widely used, their resource scarcity and rising costs limit their large-scale application; while sodium-ion batteries are considered a potential alternative due to the abundance of sodium resources. Traditional single-ion system batteries cannot take into account the advantages of lithium / sodium respectively, and have the limitations of single-ion system: lithium-ion batteries rely on precious metal materials such as cobalt / nickel, which are costly and have high supply chain risks; while sodium-ion batteries are limited by the low voltage platform of layered oxide cathode materials and the low first-time efficiency of hard carbon anodes. A battery system composed of lithium iron phosphate (LFP), which has the highest degree of industrialization of lithium-ion batteries, as the cathode and sodium titanium phosphate (STP), which has the most stable crystal structure of sodium-ion batteries, as the anode, is a possible solution. This battery system has the following advantages: (1) excellent safety, which is the most remarkable advantage of the LFP / STP system. Both the LFP (Lithium-ion Photonic Electron) cathode and the STP (Solid-phase Photonic Electron) anode possess robust olivine and nASICON structures. These structures are highly stable under high temperatures or overcharge / overdischarge conditions and are not prone to collapse. The lithium-ion insertion / extraction potential of the STP anode is approximately 2.5V (vs. Li). + The potential of lithium dendrites is around 1000-10000 (Li), which is much higher than that of lithium metal. This means that it is almost impossible for lithium dendrites to form on the surface of the negative electrode during charging, which fundamentally avoids the internal short circuit caused by dendrites piercing the separator. This is the main safety risk of high energy density lithium batteries. In addition, the system also has excellent overcharge / over-discharge resistance. Even if overcharge / over-discharge occurs, the side reactions are relatively mild and are not prone to thermal runaway. (2) Ultra-long cycle life. During charging and discharging, both LFP and STP materials exhibit extremely low strain characteristics. This means that the lattice volume change of the electrode material is very small when lithium ions are inserted and extracted. Therefore, the electrode structure can still remain intact after thousands of cycles, and the active material is not easy to pulverize and fall off, thus ensuring the long-term maintenance of capacity. (3) Excellent power performance. The NASICON structure of STP provides a three-dimensional and spacious migration channel for sodium / lithium ions and has extremely high ionic conductivity. Therefore, the battery can withstand very high charging and discharging currents and can complete fast charging in a short time.

[0003] However, LFP / STP batteries have low energy density and lack mature commercial systems. Existing research has introduced dual-ion coexistence systems, but these face problems such as electrode structure degradation due to ion competition intercalation and poor electrolyte compatibility. In particular, they are prone to increased polarization and rapid capacity decay under high-rate cycling. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the lack of LFP / STP batteries and reasonable optimization methods in the existing technology. It innovatively introduces a mixed ion system to modify LFP / STP batteries, improves the electrical performance of sodium-ion batteries, and solves the problems of electrode structure deterioration, poor electrolyte compatibility, and poor stability caused by the introduction of dual ion systems. It realizes that lithium ions and sodium ions participate in electrochemical reactions simultaneously in mixed ion batteries, which is especially suitable for the development of energy storage devices with high energy density and long cycle life.

[0005] The first objective of this invention is to provide a hybrid ion battery, comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte, wherein the positive electrode comprises a positive active material, the negative electrode comprises a negative active material, wherein the positive active material is lithium iron phosphate, the negative active material is sodium titanium phosphate, and the electrolyte in the electrolyte is composed of lithium salt and sodium salt, wherein the molar ratio of lithium salt to sodium salt is 1:(1.5-3).

[0006] Furthermore, the lithium salt includes at least one of lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6), lithium imine salts (such as lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imine (LiTFSI), lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imine (LiFSI), etc.), boron-based lithium salts (such as lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF4), lithium difluorooxalate borate (LiDFOB), lithium bis(oxalate borate (LiBOB), etc.), and lithium perchlorate (LiClO4).

[0007] Furthermore, the sodium salt includes at least one of sodium hexafluorophosphate (NaPF6), sodium imine salts (such as sodium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imine (NaTFSI), sodium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imine (NaFSI), etc.), sodium borohydride salts (such as sodium tetrafluoroborate (NaBF4), sodium bis(oxaloborate)borate (NaBOB), etc.), and sodium perchlorate (NaClO4).

[0008] Furthermore, the electrolyte is composed of lithium hexafluorophosphate and sodium hexafluorophosphate.

[0009] In the battery system of this invention, during charging and discharging: during charging, lithium ions are extracted from the positive electrode and move towards the negative electrode through the electrolyte. Sodium ions and lithium ions in the electrolyte are intercalated into the sodium titanium phosphate negative electrode material under the influence of an electric field. Due to the rational design of the mixed electrolyte, the polarization of sodium titanium phosphate in the latter half of lithium ion intercalation is effectively reduced, achieving stable ion intercalation. During discharging, lithium ions and sodium ions are extracted from the negative electrode and enter the electrolyte. Lithium ions return to the positive electrode through the electrolyte and intercalate into the lithium iron phosphate positive electrode material, thereby achieving electrical energy output. The entire process, through precise control of electrode material selection and electrolyte formulation, ensures the high efficiency and stable operation of the battery, solving many problems of traditional batteries.

[0010] Furthermore, the molar ratio of lithium salt to sodium salt ranges from 1:(1.5-3), such as 1:1.6, 1:1.7, 1:1.8, 1:1.9, 1:2, 1:2.1, 1:2.2, 1:2.3, 1:2.4, 1:2.5, 1:2.6, 1:2.7, 1:2.8, 1:2.9, 1:3, etc., including but not limited to the ratios listed above, with 1:2 being the most preferred.

[0011] Furthermore, the solvent of the electrolyte is at least one selected from ethyl methyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, and diethylene glycol diethanol ether.

[0012] Furthermore, the concentration of the lithium salt in the electrolyte is 0.3-1 mol / L.

[0013] Furthermore, the concentration of the sodium salt in the electrolyte is 0.5-3 mol / L.

[0014] Furthermore, the positive electrode sheet includes a current collector and a positive active layer disposed on at least one side of the current collector along the thickness direction, the positive active layer comprising the positive active material lithium iron phosphate.

[0015] Furthermore, based on the mass of the positive electrode active layer as 100%, the positive electrode active layer comprises the following components by mass percentage: 75-95% positive electrode material, 5-15% conductive agent and 5-15% binder.

[0016] Furthermore, the conductive agent used in this invention is selected from one or more of conductive carbon black, conductive graphite, carbon nanotubes, and graphene.

[0017] Furthermore, the adhesive can be any adhesive well-known to those skilled in the art, without special limitations, such as chitosan, xanthan gum, gellan gum, gum arabic, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, lithium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, polymethacrylamide, polyacrylic acid, lithium polyacrylate, sodium polyacrylate, polyacrylamide, styrene-butadiene rubber, sodium alginate, polyethylene glycol, guar gum, guar gum polymers and guar gum copolymers. In this embodiment of the invention, PVDF is selected.

[0018] Furthermore, the thickness of the positive electrode active layer ranges from 50 to 100 μm, such as 50 μm, 60 μm, 70 μm, 80 μm, 90 μm, 95 μm, etc., including but not limited to the thickness values ​​listed above.

[0019] Furthermore, the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode active layer; the negative electrode active layer includes a negative electrode active material, a conductive agent, and a binder.

[0020] Furthermore, the negative electrode active layer comprises the following components by mass percentage: 75-95% negative electrode active material, 5-15% conductive agent and 5-15% binder.

[0021] Furthermore, the negative electrode active material is selected from one or more of artificial graphite, natural graphite, elemental silicon, silicon oxide, and sodium.

[0022] Furthermore, the conductive agent is selected from one or more of conductive carbon black, conductive graphite, carbon nanotubes, and graphene.

[0023] Furthermore, the thickness of the negative electrode active layer ranges from 60 to 120 μm, such as 70 μm, 80 μm, 90 μm, 100 μm, 110 μm, etc., including but not limited to the thickness values ​​listed above.

[0024] Furthermore, the type of diaphragm can be any diaphragm known to those skilled in the art, without any special restrictions, such as one or more of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylonitrile fiber, polyamic acid, polyimide, polyamide, polydopamine, polyarylethersulfone, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethylene oxide, polyethylene terephthalate, polyester, nonwoven membrane and cellulose paper-based separator membrane.

[0025] A second objective of this invention is to provide an electrolyte suitable for lithium iron phosphate / sodium titanium phosphate bipolar batteries, wherein the electrolyte is composed of lithium salt and sodium salt, and the molar ratio of the lithium salt to the sodium salt is 1:(1.5-3).

[0026] Furthermore, the electrolyte is composed of lithium hexafluorophosphate and sodium hexafluorophosphate, with a molar ratio of lithium hexafluorophosphate to sodium hexafluorophosphate of 1:2.

[0027] A third objective of this invention is to provide the application of the electrolyte in the preparation of lithium iron phosphate / sodium titanium phosphate bipolar batteries.

[0028] A fourth object of the present invention is to provide an energy storage system comprising the hybrid ion battery or the electrolyte.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the above-described technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0030] From a cost perspective, lithium iron phosphate is chosen as the positive electrode material, whose raw materials are widely available, significantly reducing raw material costs compared to expensive positive electrode materials such as lithium cobalt oxide used in traditional lithium-ion batteries. Meanwhile, sodium titanium phosphate, as the negative electrode material, also has certain cost advantages. Combined, these factors result in a substantial reduction in the overall material cost of the battery, which is beneficial for large-scale production and market promotion.

[0031] In terms of safety, lithium iron phosphate (LFP) cathode materials exhibit excellent thermal stability and overcharge protection. Under high-temperature conditions or when the battery is overcharged, the LFP structure remains relatively stable, making it less prone to dangerous situations such as thermal runaway, thus significantly improving battery safety. Furthermore, the three-dimensional channels of the STP anode accelerate ion diffusion, and the mixed electrolyte reduces charge transfer impedance. Moreover, by rationally designing the electrolyte and controlling the Li / Na intercalation sequence, lithium dendrite growth and transition metal dissolution are effectively suppressed, resulting in more stable ion transport within the battery and reducing safety hazards caused by poor ion transport.

[0032] Furthermore, this invention effectively solves the problem of increased polarization and inability to cycle at conventional rates during lithium-ion intercalation of sodium titanium phosphate materials by employing a mixed electrolyte with a specific composition and precisely controlling its concentration and ratio. This enables the battery to achieve stable charge-discharge cycles, improving its cycle life and rate performance, and meeting the performance requirements of more diverse application scenarios. It has high industrialization feasibility, utilizing existing lithium-ion battery production equipment, requiring only adjustments to the electrolyte formulation and formation process. Overall, the dual-ion battery of this invention has significant advantages in cost, safety, and performance, and has broad application prospects.

[0033] The battery system of this invention cleverly combines the high potential of a lithium-ion cathode with the stability of a sodium-ion anode. This is achieved by controlling the Li-ion content in the electrolyte. + and Na + The relative concentration of the two ions was successfully guided to react on their respective dominant electrodes, thereby achieving stable operation of the entire battery system. In summary, the battery is not a simple assembly of components, but a carefully designed complex electrochemical system in which each part works in concert. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To make the content of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0035] Figure 1 The first charge / discharge curve of the hybrid ion battery prepared in Example 1 at a rate of 0.1 C is shown.

[0036] Figure 2 The first charge / discharge curve of the hybrid ion battery prepared in Comparative Example 1 at a rate of 0.1 C is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments described are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] The positive electrode uses lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) material. In preparing the positive electrode, lithium iron phosphate powder is first mixed with a conductive agent (acetylene black) and a binder (polyvinylidene fluoride) in a certain proportion. In this embodiment, the proportion is lithium iron phosphate: conductive agent: binder = 90:5:5 (mass ratio). A slurry is formed by stirring until homogeneous, and then this slurry is coated onto an aluminum foil current collector to a thickness of 50 μm. After drying to remove the solvent, the coating is rolled under a certain pressure to ensure a tight bond between the positive electrode active material and the current collector, thereby preparing the positive electrode sheet.

[0040] The negative electrode is made of sodium titanium phosphate (NaTi2(PO4)3). The preparation process is similar to that of the positive electrode, with sodium titanium phosphate, conductive agent, and binder mixed in a mass ratio of 85:10:5. After stirring to form a slurry, the slurry is coated onto a copper foil current collector to a thickness of 60 μm. Following drying and rolling, the negative electrode sheet is obtained.

[0041] The electrolyte used was a mixed electrolyte of LiPF6 and NaPF6. During electrolyte preparation, the concentration of LiPF6 was strictly controlled at 0.5 mol / L and the concentration of NaPF6 at 1.0 mol / L. The solvents were ethylene carbonate (EC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), and ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), with a volume ratio of EC:DMC:EMC = 1:1:2.

[0042] The prepared positive and negative electrode sheets are placed into the battery casing in a specific order, separated by a PE separator. The separator must possess good ion permeability and chemical stability to effectively prevent short circuits between the positive and negative electrodes. Then, the prepared electrolyte is injected, ensuring it fully wets the positive and negative electrode sheets and the separator. The battery casing is sealed, and after a series of post-processing steps including formation and aging, a hybrid ion battery with LFP / SFP as the positive and negative electrodes and containing a mixed electrolyte is finally obtained.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] The concentration of NaPF6 was adjusted to 1.5 mol / L, and the rest was the same as in Example 1, to prepare a hybrid ion battery.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] The concentration of NaPF6 was adjusted to 0.75 mol / L, and the rest was the same as in Example 1, to prepare a hybrid ion battery.

[0047] Example 4

[0048] The concentration of NaPF6 was adjusted to 1.25 mol / L, and the rest was the same as in Example 1, to prepare a hybrid ion battery.

[0049] Example 5

[0050] By replacing NaPF6 with sodium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (NaFSI) and otherwise following the same procedure as in Example 1, a hybrid ion battery was prepared.

[0051] Example 6

[0052] By replacing LiPF6 with lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) and otherwise following the same procedure as in Example 1, a hybrid ion battery was prepared.

[0053] Example 7

[0054] By replacing LiPF6 with LiFSI and NaPF6 with NaFSI, and otherwise following the same procedure as in Example 1, a hybrid ion battery was prepared.

[0055] Comparative Example 1

[0056] The concentration of NaPF6 was adjusted to 0.5 mol / L, and the rest was the same as in Example 1, to prepare a hybrid ion battery.

[0057] Comparative Example 2

[0058] The concentration of NaPF6 was adjusted to 2.5 mol / L, and the rest was the same as in Example 1, to prepare a hybrid ion battery.

[0059] Comparative Example 3

[0060] By replacing the cathode material with a layered oxide, and otherwise following the same procedure as in Example 1, a hybrid ion battery was prepared.

[0061] Comparative Example 4

[0062] The positive electrode material was replaced with sodium iron pyrophosphate NFPP, and the rest was the same as in Example 1, to prepare a hybrid ion battery.

[0063] Comparative Example 5

[0064] By replacing the negative electrode material with graphite, and otherwise following the same procedure as in Example 1, a hybrid ion battery was prepared.

[0065] Test case

[0066] The following tests were performed on the batteries prepared in the above embodiments and comparative examples:

[0067] (1) Initial coulombic efficiency test: The prepared sodium-ion battery to be formed was placed at 60°C for 40 min, then charged at a rate of 0.1C to the upper limit of the activation voltage, and then discharged to the lower limit of the activation voltage. The initial coulombic efficiency was measured. The initial coulombic efficiency = the ratio of the initial discharge capacity to the initial charge capacity.

[0068] (2) Specific capacity test: The battery is charged / discharged at a rate of 0.1 C within a voltage range of 1.5 V-4.2 V. According to the formula C=Q D / M is used to calculate the specific capacity of the active material, where Q D Where M is the discharge capacity and M is the mass of the active material.

[0069] (3) Cycle stability test: First, a 0.1C capacity calibration was performed and the discharge capacity was recorded as C0. Then, a 2C charge-discharge cycle was performed (charged to 1.6V, discharged to 0.5V). A 0.1C capacity calibration was performed every 300 cycles, and the capacity retention rate was recorded after the 300th cycle. The capacity retention rate R = C5 / C0*100% was used to evaluate the cycle stability of the sodium-ion battery after 1500 cycles based on the discharge capacity C5 of the 5th 0.1C capacity calibration.

[0070] The results are as follows:

[0071]

[0072] As can be seen from the table above:

[0073] In Examples 1-4, as the sodium ion concentration increases, the battery performance (initial efficiency, cycle performance, etc.) shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. When Na... + When the sodium ion concentration is increased to 1.0 M, it preferentially embeds into the NASICON-type crystal framework (space group R-3c) of the sodium titanate (NTP) anode, occupying the M1 site in the three-dimensional ion channel, forming a stable sodium ion distribution framework, and producing a pre-expansion effect. This improves the initial efficiency from 92.1% (0.75 M) to 94.6% (1.0 M), and the discharge capacity increases by 4.6% (140.65 → 147.91 mAh / g). When the sodium ion concentration continues to increase (above 1.0 M, but the Na:Li ratio is still less than 3), the electrolyte viscosity increases significantly, leading to a decrease in lithium ion transference number, which in turn affects the discharge capacity and cycle retention rate. When the Na:Li ratio is greater than 3 (Comparative Example 2), due to excess Na... + This induces excessive coordination of solvent molecules (EC / DMC), thereby leading to Li + The solvation sheath is damaged, the lithium-ion desolvation barrier is raised, and the overpotential is increased, which affects the normal reaction of lithium ions in the cathode material, resulting in a sharp drop in the first efficiency to 85.31% and a capacity retention of only 84.84% after 100 cycles (compared to 99.45% in Example 1).

[0074] In Comparative Example 1, the concentration of NaPF6 was only twice that of LiPF6 (molar ratio 1:1), because Li... + with Na +Differences in transport numbers within the SEI film lead to uneven local current density distribution, reducing the effective utilization rate of active ions, and Li + with Na + Competition occurs during anode insertion, making Na / Li ion insertion difficult, thus reducing initial efficiency and specific capacity. Simultaneously, the sodium / lithium co-insertion triggers a two-phase competitive reaction (NTP→NaLi2Ti(PO4)3), leading to lattice distortion in the anode material, increasing volume expansion, thereby disrupting lattice stability and causing a decline in cycle performance.

[0075] When Li + / Na + When the coordinating anion is different (as in Examples 5 and 6), Li + Tend to be with PF6 - [Li(PF6)(EC)3] is formed. + The solvation structure (desolvation energy 0.82 eV), while Na + With FSI - Formation of [Na(FSI)(EC)2] + Structure (desolvation energy 0.58 eV). Due to the difference in desolvation energy, the two cause charge accumulation during desolvation at the negative electrode interface, thereby increasing the polarization voltage and decreasing battery capacity and cycle performance; when the anionic groups are the same (as in Example 7), Li + and Na + All share FSI - The constructed ion-pair structure and uniform anion system can maintain a stable electrolyte concentration gradient, thereby improving performance.

[0076] Comparative Example 3 uses layered oxide as the positive electrode. During charging, the layered oxide undergoes the O3→P3 phase transition, which causes shear stress inside the positive electrode particles, leading to microcrack propagation and instability of the crystal structure, resulting in a sharp decrease in its cycle stability.

[0077] Comparative Example 4 used sodium iron pyrophosphate. In the NASICON-type three-dimensional channel of NFPP, the twist angle between the FeO6 octahedron and PO4 tetrahedron (θ=23.4°) was larger than that of lithium iron phosphate (θ=15.8°), resulting in Na... + Increased tortuosity of the migration path raises the sodium ion migration barrier, resulting in a decrease in battery capacity.

[0078] Comparative Example 4 uses graphite as the negative electrode. Since graphite can readily insert and extract lithium ions, the presence of sodium ions affects the desolvation process of lithium ions, leading to a decrease in battery performance.

[0079] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A hybrid ion battery, comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte, wherein the positive electrode comprises a positive active material, and the negative electrode comprises a negative active material, characterized in that, The positive electrode active material is lithium iron phosphate, the negative electrode active material is sodium titanium phosphate, and the electrolyte in the electrolyte solution is composed of lithium salt and sodium salt, with a molar ratio of lithium salt to sodium salt of 1:(1.5-3).

2. The hybrid ion battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lithium salt is at least one of lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium imine, boron-based lithium salt, and lithium perchlorate.

3. The hybrid ion battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sodium salt is at least one of sodium hexafluorophosphate, sodium imine, sodium borohydride, and sodium perchlorate.

4. The hybrid ion battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrolyte is composed of lithium hexafluorophosphate and sodium hexafluorophosphate.

5. The hybrid ion battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solvent of the electrolyte is at least one of methyl ethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, and diethylene glycol diethanol ether.

6. The hybrid ion battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of the lithium salt in the electrolyte is 0.3-1 mol / L; The concentration of the sodium salt in the electrolyte is 0.5-3 mol / L.

7. An electrolyte suitable for lithium iron phosphate / sodium titanium phosphate bipolar batteries, characterized in that, The electrolyte is composed of lithium salt and sodium salt, and the molar ratio of lithium salt to sodium salt is 1:(1.5-3).

8. The electrolyte according to claim 7, characterized in that, The electrolyte is composed of lithium hexafluorophosphate and sodium hexafluorophosphate, with a molar ratio of lithium hexafluorophosphate to sodium hexafluorophosphate of 1:

2.

9. The use of the electrolyte of claim 7 or 8 in the preparation of lithium iron phosphate / sodium titanium phosphate bipolar batteries.

10. An energy storage system, characterized in that, It contains the hybrid ion battery according to any one of claims 1-6 or the electrolyte according to claim 7 or 8.

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