Multi-channel adsorber structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-channel adsorber structure which comprises a cylindrical shell, a cold fluid blowing tube, a hot fluid blowing tube, an adsorbent filling cavity, a feed gas inlet and a purified gas outlet, wherein the cold fluid blowing tube, the hot fluid blowing tube and the adsorbent filling cavity are arranged in the shell; a feed gas inlet cavity sealing plate, a cold fluid outlet cavity sealing plate and a hot fluid outlet cavity sealing plate are sequentially arranged on the left side of the feed gas inlet outwards, and a purified gas outlet cavity sealing plate, a cold fluid inlet cavity sealing plate and a hot fluid inlet cavity sealing plate are sequentially arranged on the right side of the purified gas outlet outwards. By arranging a plurality of groups of cold and hot fluid pipes opposite to the flow direction of feed gas, adsorption heat can be counteracted and a low-temperature adsorption environment can be maintained in a low-temperature adsorption stage, and rapid desorption of an adsorbent can be realized in a hot blowing regeneration stage, so that the utilization rate, the regeneration efficiency and the heat exchange efficiency of the adsorbent are improved; the inlet flow rate of the raw material gas is slowed down, the incoming flow form is arranged, and local pressure drop generated when the gas flows through is remarkably reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of low-temperature adsorption for gas purification, and more particularly to a multi-channel adsorber structure. Background Technology

[0002] In industrial design for the purification of target gases using low-temperature adsorption, the structural design of the adsorber is a key design element for demonstrating the performance of the low-temperature adsorption method. It directly affects the adsorption efficiency, system energy consumption, structural spatial layout, product manufacturing cost, and the final system operational stability. Among these factors, the rational design of the adsorber's height-to-diameter ratio, airflow distribution device, heat transfer structure, and adsorbent loading is of great importance.

[0003] For different adsorbates, the boiling point, polarity, molecular size and shape of the gas together determine the amount of adsorption heat when it undergoes surface adsorption with the adsorbent. Therefore, when the cooling capacity of the adsorber is limited or when the adsorption is carried out at varying temperatures, it is also necessary to consider the suppression and cancellation of adsorption heat.

[0004] For gas purification, commonly used adsorbents are porous media with a wider adsorption selectivity range, such as activated carbon and molecular sieves. However, these porous media materials share some common problems: firstly, they require regeneration after adsorption saturation to regain their adsorption capacity; secondly, long-term temperature and pressure alternation leads to adsorbent embrittlement and pulverization. Therefore, the regeneration method and regeneration flow path design of the adsorbent, as well as the filter settings to limit adsorbent usage, are key technologies in targeted design. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-channel adsorbent structure with high heat exchange efficiency, high adsorbent regeneration utilization rate and regeneration efficiency, and the ability to limit the adsorbent region.

[0006] Technical solution: The multi-channel adsorber structure of the present invention includes a cylindrical shell, cold fluid blow tubes and hot fluid blow tubes uniformly arranged in the shell cavity, an adsorbent filling cavity around the cold fluid blow tubes and hot fluid blow tubes, a raw material gas inlet opened at the bottom right side of the shell, and a purified gas outlet opened at the bottom left side of the shell.

[0007] Preferably, the raw material gas inlet is provided with a raw material gas inlet sealing plate, a cold fluid outlet sealing plate and a hot fluid outlet sealing plate in sequence from the left side outwards, and the purified gas outlet is provided with a purified gas outlet sealing plate, a cold fluid inlet sealing plate and a hot fluid inlet sealing plate in sequence from the right side outwards.

[0008] Preferably, the cavity formed by the raw material gas inlet chamber sealing plate and the cold fluid outlet chamber sealing plate has a cold fluid outlet at the bottom, the cavity formed by the cold fluid outlet chamber sealing plate and the hot fluid outlet chamber sealing plate has a hot fluid outlet at the bottom, the cavity formed by the purified gas outlet chamber sealing plate and the cold fluid inlet chamber sealing plate has a cold fluid outlet at the bottom, and the cavity formed by the cold fluid inlet chamber sealing plate and the hot fluid inlet chamber sealing plate has a hot fluid outlet at the bottom.

[0009] Preferably, the left and right ports of the hot fluid blowing tube are located on the cold fluid outlet chamber sealing plate and the cold fluid inlet chamber sealing plate, respectively, and the left and right ports of the cold fluid blowing tube are located on the raw material gas inlet chamber sealing plate and the purified gas outlet chamber sealing plate, respectively.

[0010] Preferably, the outward extension length of the two ends of the hot fluid blow tube and the cold fluid blow tube is 0~1mm.

[0011] Preferably, the adsorbent filling cavity has an adsorbent filling pipeline extending from the hot fluid outlet sealing plate on the left side and an adsorbent replacement pipeline extending from the hot fluid inlet sealing plate on the right side.

[0012] Preferably, the adsorbent filling chamber is equipped with filters at the raw material gas inlet and the purified gas outlet.

[0013] Preferably, the filter is a multi-layer high-mesh wire mesh sintered form or a combination structure of wire mesh and felt.

[0014] Preferably, the sintered wires and mesh boundaries and opening positions of the multi-layer high-mesh wire mesh are sealed with stainless steel.

[0015] Preferably, the cold fluid blowing tube and the hot fluid blowing tube are one or more of the following: straight tube, internally finned tube, threaded tube, cross-ribbed tube, spiral tube, or porous surface tube.

[0016] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: 1. Multiple sets of hot and cold fluid pipes are set up to offset the heat of adsorption in the low-temperature adsorption stage, maintain the low-temperature adsorption environment, and realize the rapid desorption of adsorbent in the hot blowing regeneration stage, thereby improving the adsorbent utilization rate and regeneration efficiency; 2. The flow directions of hot and cold fluids are set to be opposite to the flow direction of raw material gas, which improves the heat exchange efficiency of adsorbent in different stages; 3. Multi-layer stacked high-mesh wire mesh filtration is used to organize the incoming gas so that it enters the adsorption chamber with laminar flow distribution and low flow velocity, and significantly reduces the local pressure drop generated when the gas flows through. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] As shown in the attached figure, the present invention proposes a multi-channel adsorber structure, wherein the adsorber structure includes: a shell 16, an adsorbent filling zone 6 and its gas channel, a raw material gas inlet 4 and a purified gas outlet 8, an adsorbent regeneration hot fluid channel including a hot fluid inlet 10, a hot fluid outlet 2 and a hot blowing tube 12; a cold fluid channel for suppressing adsorption heat including a cold fluid inlet 9, a cold fluid outlet 3 and a cold blowing tube 11; a solid adsorbent filling channel including an adsorbent inlet 1 and an adsorbent replacement port 20, and a filling zone 6; filters are provided on both sides of the inlet and outlet of the adsorbent filling zone, including an inlet filter 5 and an outlet filter 7, which confine the adsorbent within the filling zone. The hot-blowing tube 12 has the following welded and fixed positions in sequence: cold fluid outlet chamber sealing plate 14, raw material gas inlet chamber sealing plate 15, inlet filter 5, outlet filter 7, purified gas outlet chamber sealing plate 17, and cold fluid inlet chamber sealing plate 18; the cold-blowing tube 11 has the following welded and fixed positions in sequence: raw material gas inlet chamber sealing plate 15, inlet filter 5, outlet filter 7, and purified gas outlet chamber sealing plate 17; the adsorbent filling port 1 has the following welded and fixed positions: hot fluid outlet chamber sealing plate 13, cold fluid outlet chamber sealing plate 14, raw material gas inlet chamber sealing plate 15, and inlet filter 5; the adsorbent replacement port 20 has the following welded and fixed positions: hot fluid inlet chamber sealing plate 19, cold fluid inlet chamber sealing plate 18, purified gas outlet chamber sealing plate 17, and outlet filter 7.

[0021] The hot-blowing tube and the cold fluid outlet and inlet body sealing plates are fixed at both ends by self-fusion welding. The tube opening extends ≤1mm beyond the sealing plate plane. This ensures port strength and sealing while reducing the dead zone of the channel flow to a certain extent. The remaining fixing positions are fixed by fillet welding. The cavity sealing plates at both ends of the hot-blowing channel are flat-bottomed end caps. If there are no restrictions on the hot-blowing fluid circulation volume flow rate and space occupation, and the pressure is permissible, they can also be replaced with elliptical end caps or other end cap forms.

[0022] The cold-blowing tube and the sealing plates of the raw gas inlet and purified gas outlet are fixed at both ends by self-fusion welding, with the tube openings extending ≤1mm beyond the sealing plate plane to reduce the dead zone of the channel to a certain extent. The remaining fixing positions are fixed by fillet welding. The inlet and outlet filters are used to limit the adsorbent in the filling area. The hot fluid channel is used to provide a heat source to heat the adsorbent during the regeneration process of the adsorbent adsorption saturation cycle. The cold fluid channel is used to suppress or counteract the heat generated by the adsorption of impurity gas molecules and the adsorption on the surface of the solid adsorbent during the adsorption process.

[0023] In a specific implementation, the normal adsorption process of the multi-channel adsorber is as follows: the raw material gas containing the purified target gas enters the adsorber body through the raw material gas inlet, and then, after being rectified by the inlet filter, the raw material gas contacts the adsorbent in a laminar flow uniformly. Dynamic physical adsorption occurs at the working temperature zone, and the adsorbent captures all the impurities to be treated. The raw material gas flows to the end as purified gas, which passes through the outlet filter and the purified gas outlet to the downstream. Due to the heat of adsorption during the adsorption process, a stable cold source is required to maintain the working temperature zone. This cold source can be a refrigeration device that conducts cooling through solid heat conduction. However, this cooling method is highly dependent on the material properties and the size and structure of the adsorber. Therefore, most methods utilize the cold medium in the working temperature zone for immersion or cold air circulation purging. The cold medium includes supercooled gas or supercooled liquid.

[0024] In a specific implementation, the periodic regeneration process of the multi-channel adsorber after adsorption saturation is as follows: the adsorption temperature zone maintenance is paused, that is, the feed gas intake and adsorption temperature zone maintenance are stopped, and then the high-temperature circulating regeneration gas is used to realize the desorption of the adsorbent and the desorption of impurity gas through the regeneration hot blowing channel.

[0025] Furthermore, both the inlet and outlet filters are made of high-mesh wire mesh, which is multi-layered and sintered. The shape can be a circular plane or an annular curved surface. The boundaries and opening positions are all equipped with stainless steel sealing design. In addition, the two filters mentioned above can also be made of wire mesh + felt structure and installed at the raw gas inlet and purified gas outlet pipe positions.

[0026] Furthermore, the regeneration hot blowing channel and the adsorption cold blowing channel are arranged in the adsorbent filling area in the form of: tube array, or other heat exchange tube forms that are easy to process and manufacture and can achieve efficient heat exchange with the adsorbent.

[0027] In summary, this invention proposes a multi-channel adsorber structure design that can effectively solve key problems such as rapid regeneration of the adsorbent cycle and offsetting the adsorption heat generated during the adsorption process in practical applications.

Claims

1. A multi-channel adsorber structure, characterized in that, It includes a cylindrical shell (16), cold fluid blow tubes (11) and hot fluid blow tubes (12) uniformly arranged in the cavity of the shell (16), an adsorbent filling cavity (6) around the cold fluid blow tubes (11) and hot fluid blow tubes (12), a raw material gas inlet (4) opened at the bottom right side of the shell (16), and a purified gas outlet (8) opened at the bottom left side of the shell (16).

2. The multi-channel adsorber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw material gas inlet (4) is provided with a raw material gas inlet mouth body sealing plate (15), a cold fluid outlet mouth body sealing plate (14) and a hot fluid outlet mouth body sealing plate (13) in sequence from the left side outwards. The purified gas outlet (8) is provided with a purified gas outlet mouth body sealing plate (17), a cold fluid inlet mouth body sealing plate (18) and a hot fluid inlet mouth body sealing plate (19) in sequence from the right side outwards.

3. The multi-channel adsorber structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cavity formed by the raw material gas inlet chamber sealing plate (15) and the cold fluid outlet chamber sealing plate (14) has a cold fluid outlet (3) at the bottom. The cavity formed by the cold fluid outlet chamber sealing plate (14) and the hot fluid outlet chamber sealing plate (13) has a hot fluid outlet (2) at the bottom. The cavity formed by the purified gas outlet chamber sealing plate (17) and the cold fluid inlet chamber sealing plate (18) has a cold fluid outlet (9) at the bottom. The cavity formed by the cold fluid inlet chamber sealing plate (18) and the hot fluid inlet chamber sealing plate (19) has a hot fluid outlet (10) at the bottom.

4. The multi-channel adsorber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The left and right ports of the hot fluid blow-off tube (12) are located on the cold fluid outlet chamber sealing plate (14) and the cold fluid inlet chamber sealing plate (18), respectively. The left and right ports of the cold fluid blow-off tube (11) are located on the raw material gas inlet chamber sealing plate (15) and the purified gas outlet chamber sealing plate (17), respectively.

5. The multi-channel adsorber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outward extension length of the two sides of the hot fluid blow tube (12) and the cold fluid blow tube (11) is 0~1mm.

6. The multi-channel adsorber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adsorbent filling chamber (6) has an adsorbent filling pipeline (1) extending from the hot fluid outlet mouthpiece sealing plate (13) on the left side and an adsorbent replacement pipeline (20) extending from the hot fluid inlet mouthpiece sealing plate (19) on the right side.

7. The multi-channel adsorber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adsorbent filling chamber (6) is equipped with filters (5) at the raw gas inlet (4) and the purified gas outlet (8).

8. The multi-channel adsorber structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The filter (5) is a multi-layer high-mesh wire mesh sintering form or a combination structure of wire mesh and felt.

9. The multi-channel adsorber structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The multi-layer high-mesh wire mesh sintered wires and the mesh boundaries and opening positions are sealed with stainless steel.

10. The multi-channel adsorber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cold fluid blow-off tube (11) and the hot fluid blow-off tube (12) are one or more of the following: straight tube, internal finned tube, threaded tube, cross-ribbed tube, spiral tube or porous surface tube.

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