A numerical control machine tool with a tool wear self-adaptive compensation module

Abstract

The application discloses a numerical control machine tool with a tool wear self-adaptive compensation module applied to the field of tool wear compensation, intermittent wear detection is carried out on the tool through a follow-up laser tool setting gauge, a tool wear detection mode of image recognition in the prior art is replaced, the influence of cutting fluid and debris on wear detection accuracy is reduced, and the accuracy of wear detection is improved; in addition, the tool feed path is divided into a plurality of fixed parameter path segments and variable parameter path segments through a wear compensation module, and a single tool feed path of the tool is set based on the actual wear speed of the tool in machining a workpiece, and then the wear compensation operation frequency of the tool is reasonably determined, the tool is subjected to preventive wear compensation, and machining precision and efficiency are taken into account; in addition, the cutting fluid and debris remaining on the tool surface are cleaned through the nozzle capable of spraying high-pressure airflow, and the wear detection quality is further improved.

Description

A CNC machine tool with an adaptive tool wear compensation module Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tool wear compensation, and in particular to a CNC machine tool with a tool wear adaptive compensation module. Background Technology

[0002] CNC machine tool wear compensation is a key technology for ensuring machining accuracy. During cutting, the tool gradually wears down, leading to changes in size and shape and increasing machining errors. The principle is to preset tool wear compensation parameters in the CNC system, use sensors or manual measurement to obtain the actual wear amount of the tool, input this value into the system, and the system automatically adjusts the tool's motion trajectory or coordinate position according to the preset algorithm to compensate for the deviation caused by wear. For example, after the tool wears radially, the system will adjust the radial feed of the tool accordingly, so that the tool still cuts along the ideal trajectory, thereby ensuring the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the machined parts and improving machining stability and consistency.

[0003] The existing patent application with publication number CN102914995A discloses an automatic tool wear compensation method, system, and corresponding CNC machine tool processing equipment. By using an image measuring instrument to measure the actual size of the machined finished product and comparing it with the standard size, the tool compensation information of the CNC machine tool is obtained. Then, based on the information, the tool compensation settings of the CNC machine tool are performed. This allows the automatic tool wear compensation method, system, and corresponding CNC machine tool processing equipment of the present invention to automatically complete the tool compensation settings, saving time and effort and effectively avoiding the defects of existing methods that are time-consuming and require high operator skills.

[0004] The existing patent with publication number CN119871091B discloses a high-precision multi-axis machining composite CNC machine tool control system. The system acquires data through an acquisition module, constructs a tool wear prediction model based on tool radius, length, etc., an analysis module determines the degree of tool wear based on the model and divides the critical and non-critical influence path segments, and an optimization module determines the correction direction, path correction amount, and speed adjustment method accordingly. This allows the high-precision multi-axis machining composite CNC machine tool control system to incorporate tool wear into the dynamic path adjustment mechanism, thereby effectively improving machining accuracy.

[0005] The aforementioned prior art discloses a technical solution for tool wear compensation by comparing the difference between the actual size and the standard size of the finished product, and also discloses a technical solution for wear compensation by constructing a wear prediction model. However, the prior art still has shortcomings. In actual machining scenarios, the prior art mostly uses image measuring instruments or industrial cameras to detect tool wear, but the cutting fluid and debris remaining on the tool surface will significantly interfere with the accuracy of wear detection, and ultimately have an adverse effect on the accuracy of wear compensation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The core of this invention lies in solving the problem of poor accuracy in detecting tool wear using image recognition methods in the prior art by using a follow-up laser tool setter installed on the spindle box. At the same time, the wear detection quality is further improved by using a high-pressure airflow nozzle installed on the follow-up laser tool setter.

[0007] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0008] A CNC machine tool with an adaptive tool wear compensation module includes a bed and a CNC controller. A worktable is fixedly connected to the bed, and a spindle box is located above the worktable. A motion mechanism is fixedly connected to the spindle box, and a spindle body extending below it is rotatably connected to the spindle box. A motor is connected to the upper end of the spindle body via a coupling, and a tool is fixedly connected to its lower end. A follow-up laser tool setter is installed inside the spindle box for detecting tool wear. A fixed tool setter is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bed. The CNC controller is equipped with a wear compensation module, which includes:

[0009] The path division unit, based on whether the cutting parameters change during the machining process, divides the machining path with fixed cutting parameters into fixed parameter path segments, and divides the machining path with cutting parameters that need to be changed according to the program into variable parameter path segments.

[0010] The detection unit, connected to the path division unit, is used to detect the wear value of the tool before and during machining.

[0011] The compensation unit is connected to the path division unit and the detection unit respectively, and performs wear compensation on the tool's machining path based on the initial wear value or wear increase value;

[0012] The judgment unit is connected to the path division unit and the detection unit respectively, and determines whether the tool has completed the machining of the current path segment and whether it has completed the machining of all path segments;

[0013] Wear threshold setting unit, used to set the wear threshold;

[0014] The calculation unit is connected to the wear threshold setting unit and the detection unit respectively. It is used to calculate the wear increase value of the tool after completing the current single feed path, calculate the average wear rate of the tool on the single feed path based on the wear increase value, and calculate the single feed path value required when the wear increase value of the tool reaches the set wear threshold based on the average wear rate of the tool.

[0015] The path setting unit, connected to both the path division unit and the calculation unit, is used to set the single-pass path of the tool.

[0016] Furthermore, the motion mechanism is fixedly connected to the bed, the housing of motor one is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the spindle box, and both the follow-up laser tool setter and the fixed tool setter are electrically connected to the machine tool CNC.

[0017] Furthermore, the follow-up laser tool setter includes a lifting plate that is slidably connected to the inner wall of the spindle box. The lifting plate and the spindle body are coaxially arranged. The lower end of the lifting plate is fixedly connected to two symmetrically arranged lifting rods. A laser emitter is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the lifting rod one, and a receiver is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the lifting rod two, which is opposite to the laser emitter. The lifting plate is threadedly connected to a lead screw. The lower end of the lead screw is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the spindle box, and its upper end extends to the top of the spindle box and is connected to a motor two. The housing of the motor two is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the spindle box.

[0018] Furthermore, the spindle box has a central cylindrical structure, the lifting plate has a circular structure, a central hole for the spindle body to pass through is opened at the center of the lifting plate, and a threaded hole for cooperating with the lead screw is opened on one side of the central hole.

[0019] Furthermore, the bottom plate of the spindle box has a through hole for the first and second lifting rods to pass through. The first and second lifting rods are strip rods with a rectangular cross-section, and the outer walls of the first and second lifting rods are slidably connected to the inner wall of the through hole.

[0020] Furthermore, a nozzle is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the lifting rod. The nozzle is connected to an external high-pressure air source through an air inlet pipe, and the nozzle nozzle faces the cutting tool.

[0021] Furthermore, the intake pipe passes through the second lifting rod, the lifting plate, and the main spindle box from bottom to top. The upper part of the intake pipe is fixedly connected to the top plate of the main spindle box, and the intake pipe is a flexible hose.

[0022] A tool wear compensation method, using a CNC machine tool with a tool wear adaptive compensation module as described above, includes the following steps during wear compensation:

[0023] Step 1: The detection unit uses a fixed tool setter to detect the wear of the tool before machining and obtains the initial wear value. If the initial wear value is greater than zero and less than the absolute value of the workpiece tolerance, the compensation unit performs wear compensation based on the initial wear value and the programming path, and then executes Step 2; if the initial wear value is zero, execute Step 2; if the initial wear value is greater than the absolute value of the workpiece tolerance, then stop the machine and alarm.

[0024] Step 2: The path setting unit provides the initial single feed path;

[0025] Step 3: After the tool completes the initial single feed path, the detection unit uses a follow-up laser tool setter to detect tool wear and obtain the cumulative wear value. The calculation unit calculates the wear increase value. If the wear increase value is greater than zero and less than the absolute value of the workpiece tolerance, the compensation unit performs wear compensation based on the wear increase value and executes Step 4; if the wear increase value is zero, execute Step 4; if the cumulative wear value is greater than the absolute value of the workpiece tolerance, the machine stops and an alarm is triggered.

[0026] Step 4: The judgment unit determines whether the tool has completed the machining of the current path segment. If it has, the judgment unit determines whether the tool has completed the entire machining path of the workpiece. If it has, the machine stops and the machining ends. If the current machining path segment has been completed, but the entire machining path segment has not been completed, then step 2 is executed. If the current path segment has not been completed, then step 5 is executed.

[0027] Step 5: The calculation unit calculates the initial average wear rate of the tool on the initial single feed path, and then, based on the initial average wear rate, calculates the new single feed path value required when the wear increase value reaches the wear threshold.

[0028] Step 6: Based on the new single feed path value, the path setting unit sets a new single feed path, and the tool performs machining based on the new single feed path;

[0029] Step 7: After the tool completes a new single feed path, the detection unit uses a follow-up laser tool setter to detect tool wear and obtain the cumulative wear value. The calculation unit calculates the wear increase value. If the wear increase value is greater than zero and less than the absolute value of the workpiece tolerance, the compensation unit performs wear compensation based on the wear increase value and executes step 8. If the wear increase value is zero, execute step 8. If the wear increase value is greater than the absolute value of the workpiece tolerance, the machine stops and an alarm is triggered.

[0030] Step 8: The judgment unit determines whether the tool has completed the machining of the current path segment. If it has, the judgment unit determines whether the tool has completed the machining path of the entire workpiece. If it has, the machine stops and the machining ends. If the current machining path segment has been completed, but the machining of the entire machining path segment has not been completed, then step 2 is executed. If the current path segment has not been completed, step 9 is executed.

[0031] Step 9: Based on the wear increase value obtained in Step 7, the calculation unit calculates the average wear rate on the current single feed path, and then calculates the new single feed path value required when the wear increase value reaches the wear threshold, and executes Step 6.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this invention are:

[0033] (1) The present invention uses a follow-up laser tool setter to perform intermittent wear detection on the tool, replacing the existing method of using image recognition to detect tool wear. This reduces the impact of cutting fluid and chips on the accuracy of wear detection and improves the accuracy of wear detection. In addition, through a wear compensation module including a path division unit, a path setting unit and a calculation unit, the tool's feed path is divided into multiple fixed parameter path segments and variable parameter path segments. Based on the actual wear rate of the tool on the workpiece, the single feed path of the tool is set, thereby reasonably determining the wear compensation operation frequency of the tool and performing preventive wear compensation on the tool, taking into account both machining accuracy and efficiency.

[0034] (2) The present invention uses a nozzle capable of spraying high-pressure airflow to clean the cutting fluid and debris remaining on the tool surface before wear detection by utilizing the centrifugal force of the tool's rotation and the cleaning effect of the high-pressure airflow. This further improves the quality of wear detection. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the spindle box in this invention;

[0037] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the spindle box in this invention;

[0038] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the exploded assembly structure of the spindle box in this invention;

[0039] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the extension of the follow-up laser tool setter in this invention;

[0040] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the nozzle installation in this invention;

[0041] Figure 7 is a three-dimensional assembly structure diagram of the nozzle and the second lifting rod in this invention.

[0042] Explanation of the labels in the diagram:

[0043] 1. Machine bed; 2. Worktable; 3. Spindle box; 4. Motion mechanism; 5. Spindle body; 6. Cutting tool; 7. Motor 1; 8. Follow-up laser tool setter; 9. Lifting plate; 10. Lifting rod 1; 11. Lifting rod 2; 12. Laser emitter; 13. Receiver; 14. Lead screw; 15. Motor 2; 16. Machine tool CNC; 17. Fixed tool setter; 18. Nozzle; 19. Air inlet pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0045] First implementation method

[0046] Please refer to FIGS. 1-5. In an embodiment of the present invention, a numerically controlled machine tool with a tool wear adaptive compensation module includes a machine tool body 1 and a machine tool numerical controller 16. A workbench 2 is fixedly connected to the machine tool body 1. Above the workbench 2, there is a spindle box 3. The spindle box 3 is fixedly connected with a motion mechanism 4, and the motion mechanism 4 is fixedly connected to the machine tool body 1. The machine tool numerical controller 16 is equipped with a wear compensation module, and the wear compensation module includes:

[0047] Please refer to FIG. 1. The path division unit divides the machining path with fixed cutting parameters into a fixed parameter path segment based on whether the cutting parameters change during the machining process, and divides the machining path with cutting parameters that need to be changed according to the program into a variable parameter path segment.

[0048] Specifically, the cutting parameters mainly include spindle speed, feed rate, and cutting depth. During the machining process of a workpiece, there are multiple fixed parameter path segments and multiple variable parameter path segments. Among them, the cutting parameters of different fixed parameter path segments may be the same or different, and the change processes of the cutting parameters of different variable parameter path segments may be the same or different.

[0049] The detection unit is connected to the path division unit and is used to detect the wear value of the tool 6 before and during machining.

[0050] The compensation unit is respectively connected to the path division unit and the detection unit, and performs wear compensation on the machining path of the tool 6 based on the initial wear value or the wear increase value.

[0051] The judgment unit is respectively connected to the path division unit and the detection unit, and judges whether the tool 6 has completed the machining of the current path segment and whether it has completed the machining of all path segments.

[0052] The wear threshold setting unit is used to set the wear threshold.

[0053] Specifically, the value range of the wear threshold (set as y) is less than the absolute value of the workpiece tolerance. For example, if the machining tolerance of a certain workpiece is ±0.2 mm, then the value range of the wear threshold y is 0 < y < 0.2 mm. By setting the wear threshold, frequent compensation is avoided, and wear compensation is only performed when the wear increase value reaches the wear threshold, reducing the number of tool lifting, detection, and wear compensation, taking into account both machining accuracy and machining efficiency, and realizing preventive wear compensation for the tool 6.

[0054] The calculation unit is respectively connected to the wear threshold setting unit and the detection unit, and is used to calculate the wear increase value of the tool 6 after completing the current single feed path, calculate the average wear speed of the tool 6 on this single feed path based on the wear increase value, and calculate the value of the single feed path required for the wear increase value of the tool 6 to reach the set wear threshold based on the average wear speed of the tool 6.

[0055] Specifically, a single feed path refers to the path through which the tool 6 contacts the workpiece between two wear compensations. A fixed-parameter path segment or a variable-parameter path segment may contain multiple single feed paths.

[0056] The path setting unit is connected to the path division unit and the calculation unit respectively, and is used to set the single feed path of the tool 6;

[0057] Please refer to Figures 1, 2, and 3. The spindle box 3 is rotatably connected to the spindle body 5 extending below it. The upper end of the spindle body 5 is connected to the motor 7 via a coupling, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the cutting tool 6. The housing of the motor 7 is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the spindle box 3. The spindle box 3 is also equipped with a follow-up laser tool setter 8, which is used to detect the wear of the cutting tool 6. The inner wall of the bed 1 is fixedly connected to a fixed tool setter 17. Both the follow-up laser tool setter 8 and the fixed tool setter 17 are electrically connected to the machine tool CNC 16.

[0058] Specifically, wear compensation includes the following steps:

[0059] Step 1: The detection unit performs wear detection on the tool 6 before machining using the fixed tool setter 17 to obtain the initial wear value. If the initial wear value is greater than zero and less than the absolute value of the workpiece tolerance, the compensation unit performs wear compensation based on the initial wear value and the programming path, and then executes Step 2; if the initial wear value is zero, execute Step 2; if the initial wear value is greater than the absolute value of the workpiece tolerance, then stop the machine and alarm.

[0060] Specifically, the detection unit uses the fixed tool setter 17 to position and detect the wear of the tool 6. It should be noted that the programming path refers to the machining path of the tool 6 on the workpiece automatically calculated by the machine tool CNC 16 based on the geometric features of the workpiece and the position of the tool 6. The machining path includes the tool 6's feed path when it contacts the workpiece and the tool lifting path when it moves in the machine tool after leaving the workpiece. Obviously, the fixed parameter path segment and the variable parameter path segment belong to the feed path.

[0061] Step 2: The path setting unit provides the initial single feed path;

[0062] Specifically, before machining or when the tool 6 first enters a certain path segment, the initial single feed path is a manually set value. The setting method is as follows: Since the material of the tool 6 and the workpiece, the tool path, frictional heat, and the depth of cut all affect the wear rate of the tool 6, it is necessary to obtain a tool wear rate close to the actual one through actual machining. The average wear rate of the tool 6 on the fixed parameter path segment or the variable parameter path segment can be obtained through repeated experiments. Then, based on the average wear rate, the path length required to reach the wear threshold is calculated, and the path length is set as the initial single feed path value.

[0063] It should be noted that when tool 6 switches between different path segments (when moving from a fixed parameter path segment to a variable parameter path segment, when moving from a variable parameter path segment to a fixed parameter path segment, when moving from a fixed parameter path segment to another fixed parameter path segment with different cutting parameters, and when moving from a variable parameter path segment to another variable parameter path segment with different cutting parameters), tool lifting, detection, and compensation operations are required. Then, the path setting unit provides the initial single feed path.

[0064] Step 3: After the tool 6 completes the initial single feed path, the detection unit performs wear detection on the tool 6 through the follow-up laser tool setter 8 to obtain the cumulative wear value. The calculation unit calculates the wear increase value (cumulative wear value minus the initial wear value). If the wear increase value is greater than zero and less than the absolute value of the workpiece tolerance, the compensation unit performs wear compensation based on the wear increase value and executes Step 4; if the wear increase value is zero, execute Step 4; if the cumulative wear value is greater than the absolute value of the workpiece tolerance, the machine stops and an alarm is triggered.

[0065] Step 4: The judgment unit determines whether the tool 6 has completed the machining of the current path segment (fixed parameter path segment or variable parameter path segment). If it has, the judgment unit determines whether the tool 6 has completed the entire machining path of the workpiece. If it has, the machine stops and the machining ends. If the current machining path segment has been completed, but the entire machining path segment has not been completed, then step 2 is executed. If the current path segment has not been completed, then step 5 is executed.

[0066] Step 5: The calculation unit calculates the initial average wear rate of tool 6 on the initial single feed path, and then calculates the new single feed path value required when the wear increase value reaches the wear threshold based on the initial average wear rate.

[0067] Step 6: Based on the new single feed path value, the path setting unit sets a new single feed path, and the tool 6 performs machining based on the new single feed path;

[0068] Step 7: After the tool completes a new single feed path, the detection unit uses the follow-up laser tool setter 8 to perform wear detection on the tool 6 and obtain the cumulative wear value. The calculation unit calculates the wear increase value (the current cumulative wear value minus the cumulative wear value at the time of the last detection). If the wear increase value is greater than zero and less than the absolute value of the workpiece tolerance, the compensation unit performs wear compensation based on the wear increase value and executes step 8; if the wear increase value is zero, execute step 8; if the wear increase value is greater than the absolute value of the workpiece tolerance, the machine stops and an alarm is triggered.

[0069] Step 8: The judgment unit determines whether the tool 6 has completed the machining of the current path segment. If it has, the judgment unit determines whether the tool 6 has completed the machining path of the entire workpiece. If it has, the machine stops and the machining ends. If the machining of the current machining path segment has been completed, but the machining of the entire machining path segment has not been completed, then step 2 is executed. If the machining of the current path segment has not been completed, step 9 is executed.

[0070] Step 9: Based on the wear increase value obtained in Step 7, the calculation unit calculates the average wear rate on the current single feed path, and then calculates the new single feed path value (wear threshold divided by average wear rate) required when the wear increase value reaches the wear threshold, and then executes Step 6.

[0071] Compared to traditional CNC machine tools, this invention features a follow-up laser tool setter 8 that intermittently detects wear on the tool 6, replacing the existing method of using image recognition for tool wear detection. This reduces the impact of cutting fluid and debris on the accuracy of wear detection, thus improving the accuracy of wear detection. Furthermore, through a wear compensation module comprising a path division unit, a path setting unit, and a calculation unit, the tool 6's feed path is divided into multiple fixed-parameter and variable-parameter path segments. Based on the actual wear rate of the tool 6 while machining the workpiece, the single feed path of the tool 6 is set, thereby rationally determining the wear compensation operation frequency of the tool 6 and performing preventative wear compensation, balancing machining accuracy and efficiency.

[0072] Please refer to Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4. The follow-up laser tool setter 8 includes a lifting plate 9 that is slidably connected to the inner wall of the spindle box 3. The lifting plate 9 and the spindle body 5 are coaxially arranged. The lower end of the lifting plate 9 is fixedly connected to two symmetrically arranged lifting rods 10 and 11. The inner wall of the lifting rod 10 is fixedly connected to a laser emitter 12. The inner wall of the lifting rod 11 is fixedly connected to a receiver 13 that is opposite to the laser emitter 12. The lifting plate 9 is threadedly connected to a lead screw 14. The lower end of the lead screw 14 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the spindle box 3, and its upper end extends to the top of the spindle box 3 and is connected to a motor 15. The housing of the motor 15 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the spindle box 3.

[0073] Specifically, please refer to Figure 5. When the follow-up laser tool setter 8 performs the inspection, it includes the following sub-steps:

[0074] S1, start motor 7. Motor 7 drives the tool 6 to rotate through the spindle body 5. Centrifugal force is used to make the chips and cutting fluid separate from the outer wall of the tool 6.

[0075] S2, start motor 15, lead screw 14 drives lifting plate 9 to move to one side of tool 6, lifting plate 9 drives lifting rod 10 and lifting rod 21 to extend downward from spindle box 3, so that laser emitter 12 and receiver 13 move synchronously on both sides of tool 6.

[0076] S3, activate laser emitter 12 and receiver 13 to perform wear detection on tool 6 (including length wear detection and radius wear detection).

[0077] It should be noted that the working principle of the follow-up laser tool setter 8, which includes the laser emitter 12 and the receiver 13, for wear detection of the tool 6 is based on the working principle of existing laser tool setters. In addition, the fixed tool setter 17 is also existing technology, and will not be described in detail in this application.

[0078] Please refer to Figures 3 and 4. The spindle box 3 has a central cylindrical structure, and the lifting plate 9 has a circular structure. The lifting plate 9 has a central hole for the spindle body 5 to pass through, and a threaded hole for cooperating with the lead screw 14 is opened on one side of the central hole.

[0079] Specifically, the lifting plate 9 with a central hole will not interfere with the main shaft body 5 during lifting.

[0080] Please refer to Figures 3 and 4. The bottom plate of the spindle box 3 has a through hole for the lifting rod 10 and the lifting rod 21 to pass through. The lifting rod 10 and the lifting rod 21 are strip rods with a rectangular cross section. The outer wall of the lifting rod 10 and the lifting rod 21 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the through hole.

[0081] Specifically, the through hole limits and guides the lifting rod 10 and lifting rod 21, so that the lifting plate 9 moves smoothly along the central axis of the spindle box 3, thereby improving the quality of wear detection.

[0082] Second implementation method

[0083] Based on the first embodiment, please refer to Figures 6 and 7. A nozzle 18 is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the lifting rod 11. The nozzle 18 is connected to an external high-pressure air source through an air inlet pipe 19, and the nozzle 18 faces the cutter 6.

[0084] Specifically, before inspecting the tool 6, an external high-pressure air source injects high-pressure airflow into the nozzle 18 through the air inlet pipe 19, and then sprays it out from the nozzle of the nozzle 18 to clean the rotating tool 6, further reducing the residual cutting fluid and debris on the surface of the tool 6 and improving the quality of wear detection.

[0085] Please refer to Figures 6 and 7. The air intake pipe 19 passes through the lifting rod 11, the lifting plate 9 and the main shaft box 3 from bottom to top. The upper part of the air intake pipe 19 is fixedly connected to the top plate of the main shaft box 3. The air intake pipe 19 is a flexible hose.

[0086] Specifically, when the lifting plate 9 moves upward, the air intake pipe 19 located between the lifting plate 9 and the top plate of the main shaft box 3 is folded and bent, while when the lifting plate 9 moves downward, the air intake pipe 19 is gradually straightened.

[0087] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention; however, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and its improved concepts, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A CNC machine tool with an adaptive tool wear compensation module, characterized in that, The machine tool includes a bed (1) and a CNC machine tool (16). A worktable (2) is fixedly connected to the bed (1). A spindle box (3) is provided above the worktable (2). A motion mechanism (4) is fixedly connected to the spindle box (3). A spindle body (5) extending below the spindle body (3) is rotatably connected to the spindle body (3). A motor (7) is connected to the upper end of the spindle body (5) through a coupling, and a cutting tool (6) is fixedly connected to its lower end. A follow-up laser tool setter (8) is provided inside the spindle box (3). The follow-up laser tool setter (8) is used to detect the wear of the cutting tool (6). A fixed tool setter (17) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bed (1). The CNC machine tool (16) is equipped with a wear compensation module. The wear compensation module includes: a path The path division unit divides the machining path with fixed cutting parameters into fixed-parameter path segments and the machining path with cutting parameters that need to be changed according to the program into variable-parameter path segments, based on whether the cutting parameters change during the machining process; the detection unit is connected to the path division unit and is used to detect the wear value of the tool (6) before and during machining; the compensation unit is connected to the path division unit and the detection unit respectively, and performs wear compensation on the machining path of the tool (6) based on the initial wear value or the wear increase value; the judgment unit is connected to the path division unit and the detection unit respectively, and judges whether the tool (6) has completed the machining of the current path segment and whether it has completed the machining of all path segments; the wear threshold setting unit is used to set the wear threshold. Wear threshold; calculation unit, connected to the wear threshold setting unit and the detection unit respectively, is used to calculate the wear increase value of the tool (6) after completing the current single feed path, calculate the average wear speed of the tool (6) on the single feed path based on the wear increase value, and calculate the single feed path value required when the wear increase value of the tool (6) reaches the set wear threshold based on the average wear speed of the tool (6); path setting unit, connected to the path division unit and the calculation unit respectively, is used to set the single feed path of the tool (6); when the above CNC machine tool performs wear compensation, it includes the following steps: Step 1, the detection unit performs wear detection on the tool (6) before processing through the fixed tool setting instrument (17) to obtain the initial wear value. Initial wear value: If the initial wear value is greater than zero and less than the absolute value of the workpiece tolerance, the compensation unit performs wear compensation based on the initial wear value and the programming path, and then executes step two; if the initial wear value is zero, execute step two; if the initial wear value is greater than the absolute value of the workpiece tolerance, then stop and alarm; step two: the path setting unit gives the initial single feed path; step three: after the tool (6) completes the initial single feed path, the detection unit performs wear detection on the tool (6) through the follow-up laser tool setter (8) to obtain the cumulative wear value, and the calculation unit calculates the wear increase value. If the wear increase value is greater than zero and less than the absolute value of the workpiece tolerance, the compensation unit performs wear compensation based on the wear increase value and executes step four; if the wear increase value is zero, execute step four.If the cumulative wear value is greater than the absolute value of the workpiece tolerance, the machine will stop and alarm; Step 4, the judgment unit judges whether the tool (6) has completed the machining of the current path segment. If it has, the judgment unit judges whether the tool (6) has completed the machining path of the entire workpiece. If it has, the machine will stop and end the machining; If the machining of the current machining path segment has been completed, but the machining of the entire machining path segment has not been completed, then Step 2 will be executed; If the machining of the current path segment has not been completed, then Step 5 will be executed; Step 5, the calculation unit calculates the initial average wear rate of the tool (6) on the initial single feed path, and then calculates the new single feed path value required when the wear increase value reaches the wear threshold based on the initial average wear rate; Step 6, based on the new single feed path value, the path setting unit sets the new single feed path, and the tool (6) performs machining based on the new single feed path; Step 7, after the tool completes the new single feed path, the detection unit sets the tool through the follow-up laser tool setter (8). The tool (6) performs wear detection to obtain the cumulative wear value. The calculation unit calculates the wear increase value. If the wear increase value is greater than zero and less than the absolute value of the workpiece tolerance, the compensation unit performs wear compensation based on the wear increase value and executes step eight. If the wear increase value is zero, step eight is executed. If the wear increase value is greater than the absolute value of the workpiece tolerance, the machine stops and an alarm is triggered. In step eight, the judgment unit judges whether the tool (6) has completed the machining of the current path segment. If it has, the judgment unit judges whether the tool (6) has completed the machining path of the entire workpiece. If it has, the machine stops and the machining ends. If the machining of the current machining path segment has been completed, but the machining of the entire machining path segment has not been completed, step two is executed. If the machining of the current path segment has not been completed, step nine is executed. In step nine, the calculation unit calculates the average wear rate on the current single feed path based on the wear increase value obtained in step seven, and then calculates the new single feed path value required when the wear increase value reaches the wear threshold, and executes step six.

2. A CNC machine tool with an adaptive tool wear compensation module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The motion mechanism (4) is fixedly connected to the bed (1), the housing of motor 1 (7) is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the spindle box (3), and the follow-up laser tool setter (8) and the fixed tool setter (17) are both electrically connected to the machine tool CNC (16).

3. A CNC machine tool with an adaptive tool wear compensation module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The follow-up laser tool setter (8) includes a lifting plate (9) that is slidably connected to the inner wall of the spindle box (3). The lifting plate (9) and the spindle body (5) are coaxially arranged. The lower end of the lifting plate (9) is fixedly connected to a symmetrically arranged lifting rod one (10) and lifting rod two (11). The inner wall of the lifting rod one (10) is fixedly connected to a laser emitter (12). The inner wall of the lifting rod two (11) is fixedly connected to a receiver (13) that is opposite to the laser emitter (12). The lifting plate (9) is threadedly connected to a lead screw (14). The lower end of the lead screw (14) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the spindle box (3), and its upper end extends to the top of the spindle box (3) and is connected to a motor two (15). The housing of the motor two (15) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the spindle box (3).

4. A CNC machine tool with an adaptive tool wear compensation module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The spindle box (3) has a central cylindrical structure, and the lifting plate (9) has a circular structure. The lifting plate (9) has a central hole for the spindle body (5) to pass through, and a threaded hole for cooperating with the lead screw (14) is opened on one side of the central hole.

5. A CNC machine tool with an adaptive tool wear compensation module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom plate of the main spindle box (3) has a through hole for the first lifting rod (10) and the second lifting rod (11) to pass through. The first lifting rod (10) and the second lifting rod (11) are strip rods with a rectangular cross section. The outer wall of the first lifting rod (10) and the second lifting rod (11) are slidably connected to the inner wall of the through hole.

6. A CNC machine tool with an adaptive tool wear compensation module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lower end face of the lifting rod (11) is fixedly connected to a nozzle (18). The nozzle (18) is connected to an external high-pressure air source through an air inlet pipe (19). The nozzle (18) faces the cutter (6).

7. A CNC machine tool with an adaptive tool wear compensation module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The air intake pipe (19) passes through the lifting rod (11), the lifting plate (9) and the main shaft box (3) from bottom to top. The upper part of the air intake pipe (19) is fixedly connected to the top plate of the main shaft box (3). The air intake pipe (19) is a flexible hose.

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