An auxiliary device for railway ballast

Abstract

The application discloses auxiliary equipment for railway ballast, relates to the technical field of railway ballast maintenance, and comprises a travelling device, a material box, two cleaning devices, two laying devices and two compacting devices. The travelling device comprises a vehicle body, a plurality of wheels and a first driving element. The material box is arranged on the top of the vehicle body and has a recycling space and a storage space in the interior. The two cleaning devices are arranged on the two sides of the material box respectively and comprise a feeding hopper and a feeding assembly. The two laying devices are arranged on the two sides of the material box respectively and comprise a discharging hopper and a first gate. The two compacting devices are arranged behind the vehicle body and comprise a compacting element and a second driving element. The compacting element is used for compacting and shaping the ballast, and the second driving element is used for driving the compacting element to move in the vertical direction. The application can effectively improve the efficiency and effect of shaping and maintaining the ballast on the two sides of the track and can effectively reduce the cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of railway ballast maintenance, and in particular to an auxiliary device for railway ballast. Background Technology

[0002] Ballast, also known as track ballast, refers to high-grade granite gravel or crushed stone laid on the subgrade of railways or highways. Its main purpose is to distribute the weight of trains and tracks to reduce vibration and noise, and to provide drainage through the gaps between the stones, while also maintaining track gauge stability to prevent derailment. The material must be hard, wear-resistant, and highly permeable. In my country, railways mostly use crushed stone ballast tracks, commonly made from basalt and granite through crushing, washing, and sieving processes.

[0003] The ballast laid on both sides of the track, professionally known as the ballast shoulder, is a key component of the track bed structure. Over time, the gaps in the ballast shoulder easily become filled with dust, mud, and other contaminants, forming a hard shell and losing its permeability (i.e., ballast compaction). Ballast compaction severely reduces the lateral resistance of the track bed to the track, affects track drainage, accelerates the deterioration of track geometry, and can even endanger train operation safety. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly reshape and maintain the ballast on both sides of the track to remove ballast compaction.

[0004] Currently, the ballast on both sides of the track is usually shaped and maintained manually. The entire operation requires workers to use tools such as shovels and spades to remove the hardened ballast and lay and compact new ballast. This is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive and inefficient, but also makes it difficult to guarantee the quality of the ballast after maintenance, and it is easy for the ballast shape or effect to be non-compliant. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an auxiliary device for railway ballast, which can effectively improve the efficiency and effect of ballast shaping and maintenance on both sides of the track, while effectively reducing costs.

[0006] This application provides an auxiliary device for railway ballast, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] An auxiliary device for railway ballast includes a traveling device, a hopper, two clearing devices, two laying devices, and two compaction devices;

[0008] The driving device includes a vehicle body, multiple wheels, and a first driving component; the wheels are rotatably connected to the vehicle body and cooperate with a track, and the first driving component is used to drive the wheels to rotate;

[0009] The material bin is located on the top of the vehicle body, and its interior has a recycling space for recycling slab bridging and a storage space for storing ballast.

[0010] The two cleaning devices are respectively located on both sides of the material box and close to the front of the vehicle body. Each device includes a feeding hopper and a feeding assembly. One end of the feeding hopper is used to remove the slab ballast, and the other end is connected to the recycling space. The feeding assembly is located in the feeding hopper and is used to drive the slab ballast to move into the recycling space.

[0011] The two laying devices are respectively located on both sides of the material box and near the rear of the vehicle body. Each device includes a discharge hopper and a first gate. One end of the discharge hopper is close to the track bed and is flared along the width of the track bed, while the other end communicates with the storage space. The first gate is located inside the discharge hopper near the storage space and is used to control whether the ballast in the storage space enters the discharge hopper.

[0012] The two compaction devices are located at the rear of the vehicle body and close to both sides of the vehicle body, and each includes a compaction component and a second driving component; the compaction component is used to compact and shape the ballast, and the second driving component is used to drive the compaction component to move in the vertical direction.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, during the process of the equipment moving along the track under the drive of the traveling device, the cleaning device can remove the hardened ballast on the surface of the track bed on both sides. The removed hardened ballast will be stored in the recycling space, and then the laying device will lay new ballast from the storage space onto the track bed surface. It is best to use the compaction device to compact and shape the newly laid ballast, which can effectively improve the efficiency and effect of shaping and maintaining the ballast on both sides of the track, while effectively reducing costs.

[0014] Optionally, the hopper is provided in the recycling space with a separation device for breaking up caking ballast and a first filter plate for filtering the ballast.

[0015] The separation device includes a disassembly assembly located above the first filter plate, and includes a disassembly component and a third driving component; the disassembly component is rotatably connected to the hopper, and has a plurality of outwardly extending contact rods for breaking up slab ballast on its outer side, and the third driving component is used to drive the disassembly component to rotate.

[0016] During the process of separating the slab-hardened ballast by the separation device, the separated ballast is located above the first filter plate, and the impurities are located below the first filter plate.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the slab briquettes stored in the recycling space will be broken down into smaller pieces by the dismantling components. During the dismantling process, particulate matter such as contaminants and ballasts that do not meet the size requirements will fall to the bottom of the recycling space through the first filter plate. Ballasts that meet the size requirements will be located above the first filter plate, making it easier to reuse them and reducing the cost of using ballasts.

[0018] Optionally, the separation device further includes a cleaning component for cleaning the slab-hardened ballast to facilitate ballast separation;

[0019] The cleaning component is positioned above the contact rod and is used to spray cleaning fluid downwards to reduce the ballast compaction strength and facilitate the separation of compacted ballast.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, during the process of separating the slab ballast by the separation device, the disassembly component disassembles the slab ballast while the cleaning component cleans the slab ballast, reducing the difficulty of separating the slab ballast and thus effectively improving the efficiency and effect of separating the slab ballast.

[0021] Optionally, the material box has a feeding channel inside, and a second gate is provided in the feeding channel;

[0022] The two ends of the feeding channel are respectively connected to the recycling space and the storage space, and the connection between the feeding channel and the recycling space is located above the first filter plate; the second gate is movably connected to the material box, and it is used to control whether the ballast in the recycling space enters the storage space through the feeding channel.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the ballast that meets the usage requirements can be easily separated from the hardened ballast and put into storage space for use.

[0024] Optionally, a water storage space is provided at the bottom of the material bin, and a second filter plate for water inflow is provided between the water storage space, the recycling space, and the storage space.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the water storage space can collect the cleaning fluid sprayed by the cleaning components, which is convenient for subsequent use of the cleaning fluid. At the same time, it can improve the dryness of the ballast in the storage space, which is convenient for subsequent laying.

[0026] Optionally, both sides of the vehicle body are provided with a detection device for detecting the ballast compaction removal effect. The detection device is located between the removal device and the paving device, and the detection device includes a spraying assembly and a monitoring module.

[0027] The spraying assembly uses water from the water storage space to spray the track bed surface, and the monitoring module is used to monitor the condition of the track bed surface, and the monitoring module is located behind the spraying assembly.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, after the spraying component sprays the cleaning liquid in the water storage space onto the track bed surface, the monitoring module can monitor the drainage effect of the track bed surface, so that the staff can know whether the thickness of the ballast to remove the compaction is reasonable. When the monitoring module detects that the drainage effect of the track bed surface in some areas is poor, it means that the ballast compaction in that area is more serious and requires deeper maintenance.

[0029] Optionally, the detection device further includes a marking component;

[0030] The marking component is used to mark the track bed surface, and the marking component is located behind the monitoring module; the monitoring module is signal-connected to the marking component, so that the marking component marks areas of abnormality detected on the track bed surface; the monitoring module is also signal-connected to the laying device and the compaction device, so that the laying device avoids areas of abnormality detected on the track bed surface when laying and the compaction device avoids areas of abnormality detected on the track bed surface when compacting.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, the marking component can mark the abnormal areas detected by the monitoring module. At the same time, the monitoring module can cause the laying device to stop laying ballast when passing through the abnormal area, and the compaction device to stop compacting ballast when passing through the abnormal area, which facilitates the subsequent workers to carry out more in-depth maintenance of the abnormal area.

[0032] Optionally, the feed hopper is movably connected to the hopper, and the cleaning device further includes a fourth driving member for controlling the height position of the bottom of the feed hopper.

[0033] By adopting the above technical solution, it is possible for staff to adjust the position of the feed hopper according to the ballast compaction on the track bed surface, so that the cleaning device can remove the compacted ballast in one go, thereby further improving the efficiency of ballast shaping and maintenance on both sides of the track while reducing costs.

[0034] Optionally, the laying device may also include multiple anti-clogging components;

[0035] The anti-blocking component is rotatably disposed inside the discharge hopper, with its rotation axis perpendicular to the discharge direction of the ballast, and multiple anti-blocking components are distributed at equal intervals along the discharge direction of the ballast.

[0036] The anti-blocking component has multiple flexible levers extending outward from its outer side, which drive the multiple anti-blocking components to rotate as the ballast discharges material along the discharge hopper.

[0037] By adopting the above technical solutions, the probability of ballast blockage inside the discharge hopper can be effectively reduced, and the ballast can be discharged evenly and continuously along the discharge hopper, thereby further improving the ballast laying effect.

[0038] Optionally, the compaction device further includes a fifth driving member for driving the compaction member to move along the width direction of the track bed;

[0039] The compaction component includes a horizontal first compaction plate, an inclined second compaction plate, and a sixth driving member; one side of the second compaction plate is rotatably connected to the first compaction plate, and the sixth driving member is used to drive the second compaction plate to rotate.

[0040] By adopting the above technical solutions, the compaction device can be easily adapted to different track bed sizes and different ballast laying shapes, thereby improving the applicability of the equipment to different ballast.

[0041] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0042] 1. No manual operation is required; the ballast shaping and maintenance work on both sides of the track can be completed in one go, thereby effectively improving the efficiency and effectiveness of ballast shaping and maintenance on both sides of the track.

[0043] 2. It can effectively reduce manpower input and complete the ballast shaping and maintenance work on both sides of the track in one go, thereby effectively reducing costs;

[0044] 3. It can separate the cleared slab and reuse the slab that meets the usage requirements, thereby further reducing costs;

[0045] 4. It can detect the effect of clearing compacted ballast while removing it. By detecting the drainage effect of the track bed, it can judge the effect of ballast shaping and maintenance. At the same time, it can mark abnormal areas to facilitate subsequent shaping and maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an auxiliary device for railway ballast in operation according to an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 2 This is a side view of an auxiliary device for railway ballast according to an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 3 This is a bottom view of an auxiliary device for railway ballast according to an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an auxiliary device for railway ballast during operation, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0050] Figure 5 This is a simplified schematic diagram of a laying device for auxiliary equipment used in railway ballast according to an embodiment of this application.

[0051] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Track; 2. Ballast; 3. Traveling device; 31. Car body; 32. Wheel; 33. First drive unit; 4. Material bin; 41. Recycling space; 42. Storage space; 43. First filter plate; 44. Feeding channel; 45. Second gate; 46. Water storage space; 47. Second filter plate; 5. Cleaning device; 51. Feed hopper; 52. Feeding assembly; 53. Fourth drive unit; 6. Laying device; 61. Discharge hopper; 62. First gate Door; 63. Anti-blocking component; 631. Actuating lever; 7. Compacting device; 71. Compacting component; 711. First compacting plate; 712. Second compacting plate; 713. Sixth driving component; 72. Second driving component; 73. Fifth driving component; 8. Separation device; 81. Disassembly assembly; 811. Disassembly component; 8111. Contact rod; 812. Third driving component; 82. Cleaning assembly; 9. Detection device; 91. Spraying assembly; 92. Monitoring module; 93. Marking assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-5 This application will be described in further detail.

[0053] This application discloses an auxiliary device for railway ballast, which can assist workers in removing the hardened ballast on both sides of the track and laying new ballast, thereby enabling efficient and high-quality completion of ballast shaping and maintenance.

[0054] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The auxiliary equipment includes a traveling device 3 for driving it along track 1, a hopper 4 for recovering slab 2 and storing slab 2 to be laid, two cleaning devices 5 for removing slab 2, two laying devices 6 for laying slab 2, two compaction devices 7 for compacting and shaping slab 2, a separation device 8 for separating slab 2 into loose, reusable slab 2, and two testing devices 9 for testing the effect of slab 2 shaping and maintenance.

[0055] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The driving device 3 includes a vehicle body 31, multiple wheels 32 and a first drive component 33.

[0056] The vehicle body 31 has a rectangular parallelepiped structure. It is installed above the track 1 with its length direction parallel to the extension direction of the track 1, and it maintains the position of its length direction parallel to the extension direction of the track 1 during movement.

[0057] The wheels 32 are rotatably mounted on the bottom of the vehicle body 31, with their rotation axis parallel to the width direction of the vehicle body 31, and they have a groove structure adapted to the track 1. In this embodiment, the driving device 3 preferably includes four wheels 32, and the four wheels 32 are respectively located at the four corners of the bottom of the vehicle body 31.

[0058] The first drive unit 33 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the vehicle body 31 and is used to drive the wheels 32 to rotate relative to the vehicle body 31. In this embodiment, the first drive unit 33 is preferably a servo motor, and preferably the first drive unit 33 simultaneously drives the two wheels 32 located at the rear (relative to the vehicle body 31 along the moving direction of the track 1) to rotate relative to the vehicle body 31.

[0059] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4 The material box 4 has a rectangular structure and is fixedly installed on the top of the vehicle body 31. Its length direction is parallel to the length direction of the vehicle body 31, and its width direction is parallel to the width direction of the vehicle body 31. The inside of the material box 4 is provided with a recycling space 41 for recycling slab 2 and a storage space 42 for storing slab 2 that meets the usage requirements. The recycling space 41 and the storage space 42 are distributed along the length direction of the material box 4, and the storage space 42 is located behind the recycling space 41.

[0060] Two cleaning devices 5 are respectively installed on both sides of the material box 4 in the width direction and close to the front end of the vehicle body 31, and the two cleaning devices 5 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the material box 4; the cleaning device 5 includes a feed hopper 51 for removing the slab 2 and guiding it into the recycling space 41 and a feeding assembly 52 for driving the slab 2 to move along the feed hopper 51.

[0061] The end of the feed hopper 51 furthest from the hopper 4 has a structure for removing the slab 2 that has hardened, and the end of the feed hopper 51 near the hopper 4 communicates with the recycling space 41. The feeding assembly 52 is installed inside the feed hopper 51, and the inner wall of the feed hopper 51 forms a protective barrier on both sides of the feeding assembly 52, improving the reliability of the slab 2 entering the recycling space 41 along the feed hopper 51 under the action of the feeding assembly 52. ​​In this embodiment, the feeding assembly 52 is preferably composed of a conveyor belt and an auger. The conveyor belt drives the slab 2 to move upward at an incline, and then the auger drives the slab 2 to move into the recycling space 41. Since the conveyor belt and the auger are common existing technologies, they will not be described in detail here, and they are only briefly shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0062] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 Furthermore, to facilitate the adjustment of the thickness of the ballast 2 removed by the end of the feed hopper 51 away from the material box 4 according to the ballast 2 caking situation, it is preferable that the end of the feed hopper 51 near the material box 4 is rotatably connected to the material box 4, and the cleaning device 5 also includes a fourth driving member 53 for driving the feed hopper 51 to rotate relative to the material box 4.

[0063] The feed hopper 51 is generally L-shaped, with its two ends extending perpendicularly to each other. One end of the feed hopper 51 is parallel to the rotation axis of the material box 4 and its own extension direction, and also parallel to the width direction of the material box 4. The fourth drive unit 53 is fixedly installed on the material box 4, and the two fourth drive units 53 synchronously drive the corresponding feed hopper 51 to rotate. In this embodiment, the fourth drive unit 53 is preferably a servo motor, and preferably the fourth drive unit 53 drives the feed hopper 51 to rotate relative to the material box 4 through gear meshing (the end of the feed hopper 51 near the material box 4 has a gear structure).

[0064] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4 Two laying devices 6 are respectively installed on both sides of the material box 4 in the width direction and close to the rear end of the vehicle body 31, and the two laying devices 6 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the material box 4; the laying device 6 includes a discharge hopper 61 for guiding the ballast 2 in the storage space 42 out of the discharge hopper 61 and a first gate 62 for controlling whether the ballast 2 in the storage space 42 can enter the discharge hopper 61.

[0065] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4 The discharge hopper 61 extends downwards at an angle away from the material box 4. Its end away from the material box 4 has a flared design for evenly spreading the ballast 2 on the track bed surface. Its end near the material box 4 is fixedly connected to the material box 4 and communicates with the storage space 42. A first gate 62 is installed at the end of the discharge hopper 61 near the material box 4 and is used to control the opening and closing of the passage between the discharge hopper 61 and the storage space 42. In this embodiment, the first gate 62 is preferably installed on the material box 4; and preferably, the discharge port of the discharge hopper 61 is aligned along the length of the vehicle body 31 with the portion of the feed hopper 51 on the same side used to remove the slab-hardened ballast 2. Since the first gate 62 with the above functions is common prior art, it will not be described in detail, and only a brief representation is given in the accompanying drawings (the internal structure of the discharge hopper 61 is only briefly shown).

[0066] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5At this time, with the first gate 62 open, the ballast 2 in the storage space 42 will enter the discharge hopper 61 under its own gravity and be discharged evenly on the ballast bed surface under the guidance of the feed hopper 51; with the first gate 62 closed, the first gate 62 will prevent the ballast 2 in the storage space 42 from entering the discharge hopper 61. In this embodiment, it is preferable that the discharge hopper 61 is connected to the bottom of the storage space 42.

[0067] Furthermore, in order to reduce the probability that the ballast 2 will be temporarily stuck or even blocked during its movement along the discharge hopper 61, thus affecting the paving effect, the paving device 6 preferably also includes multiple anti-blocking components 63.

[0068] The anti-blocking component 63 is installed inside the discharge hopper 61. It has a cylindrical structure and is rotatably connected to the discharge hopper 61. Its rotation axis coincides with its own axis and is perpendicular to the direction in which the ballast 2 moves along the discharge hopper 61. Multiple anti-blocking components 63 are evenly distributed along the direction in which the discharge hopper 61 guides the ballast 2. Multiple actuating rods 631 extend radially from the outer side of each anti-blocking component 63 for contacting the ballast 2. The actuating rods 631 are flexible, and the ballast 2 is protected by its own weight. During the movement of the lower edge discharge hopper 61, the actuating rod 631 in contact with it will be driven by its force to rotate the corresponding anti-blocking component 63 relative to the discharge hopper 61. Multiple anti-blocking components 63 rotate synchronously and in the same direction. At this time, when one anti-blocking component 63 rotates relative to the discharge hopper 61 under the force of the ballast 2 movement, it will drive multiple anti-blocking components 63 to rotate together, thereby facilitating the movement and discharge of ballast 2 in the discharge hopper 61 and improving the continuity and uniformity of ballast 2 discharge. In this embodiment, the anti-blocking component 63 is preferably installed in the discharge hopper 61 near the top of the discharge hopper 61, so that the ballast 2 mainly contacts the multiple actuating rods 631 located at the bottom of the anti-blocking component 63. This facilitates the rotation of the anti-blocking component 63 to accelerate the movement of the ballast 2, which is mainly located at the bottom of the discharge hopper 61, under its own gravity. Furthermore, it is preferable that the multiple anti-blocking components 63 rotate synchronously and in the same direction through a synchronous belt structure located inside the structure of the discharge hopper 61. Since the synchronous belt structure with the above functions is a common prior art, it will not be described in detail here, and its representation is omitted in the accompanying drawings.

[0069] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 Two compaction devices 7 are respectively installed on both sides of the width direction of the vehicle body 31 and located at the rear end of the vehicle body 31. The two compaction devices 7 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the vehicle body 31 and located behind the material box 4. The compaction device 7 includes a compaction component 71 for compacting the ballast 2, a second drive component 72 for controlling the movement of the compaction component 71 to achieve its compaction effect, and a fifth drive component 73 for adjusting the area of ​​the compaction component 71 that compacts the ballast 2.

[0070] A seat is movably mounted on one side of the vehicle body 31 along its width direction. A fifth drive member 73 is fixedly mounted inside the vehicle body 31 and is used to drive the seat to move relative to the vehicle body 31. A compaction member 71 is mounted below the seat, and a second drive member 72 is fixedly mounted on the top of the seat and is used to drive the compaction member 71 to move vertically. In this embodiment, it is preferable that both the fifth drive member 73 and the second drive member 72 are servo cylinders; and preferably, the two fifth drive members 73 drive the two seats to move synchronously and in opposite directions, and the two second drive members 72 drive the two compaction members 71 to move synchronously and in the same direction. Since servo cylinders are common prior art, they will not be described in detail here, and only a brief representation is given in the accompanying drawings.

[0071] The compaction member 71 includes a first compaction plate 711 for compacting the shoulder ballast 2, a second compaction plate 712 for compacting the top ballast 2, and a sixth drive member 713 for adjusting the tilt angle of the second compaction plate 712.

[0072] The first compaction plate 711 is installed in a horizontal position and is directly driven by the second driving member 72. The second compaction plate 712 is rotatably connected to the end of the first compaction plate 711 away from the other first compaction plate 711, and its rotation axis is parallel to the length direction of the vehicle body 31, and it extends downward at an angle away from the first compaction plate 711. The sixth driving member 713 is fixedly installed on the first compaction plate 711 and is used to drive the second compaction plate 712 to rotate relative to the first compaction plate 711. In this embodiment, the sixth driving member 713 is preferably a servo motor.

[0073] At this time, the staff can adjust the compaction device 7 according to the required shape of the ballast 2 after shaping and maintenance, so that the distance by which the second driving member 72 drives the compaction member 71 to move downward to compact the ballast 2 is fixed, and the tilt angle of the second compaction plate 712 relative to the first compaction plate 711 is fixed, so that the shape of the ballast 2 after final shaping and maintenance meets the requirements.

[0074] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4 The separation device 8 is installed on the material box 4, and the material box 4 is also fixedly installed in the recovery space 41 with a first filter plate 43 for separating the scattered ballast 2 that meets the usage requirements and impurities (contaminants, ballast 2 that does not meet the usage requirements, etc.) obtained by the separation device 8. In this embodiment, the recovery space 41 is preferably cylindrical in shape, with its axis vertical and centered relative to the width direction of the material box 4; and preferably the first filter plate 43 is located in the lower middle part of the recovery space 41, and the first filter plate 43 has a plurality of filter holes evenly distributed on it for impurities to pass through; since the first filter plate 43 with the above functions is common prior art, it will not be described in detail here, and it is only briefly shown in the figure (the filter holes are omitted).

[0075] The separation device 8 includes a dismantling component 81 for dismantling the slab 2 and a cleaning component 82 for facilitating the dismantling of the slab 2 and removing contaminants from the surface of the slab 2, and both the dismantling component 81 and the cleaning component 82 are located above the first filter plate 43.

[0076] The dismantling assembly 81 includes a dismantling component 811 for direct contact with the slab-bound ballast 2 and a third drive component 812 for providing power to the dismantling component 811. The dismantling component 811 is rotatably connected to the hopper 4, its rotation axis coincides with the axis of the recycling space 41, and multiple contact rods 8111 extend radially from its outer side. The third drive component 812 is fixedly installed on the top of the hopper 4 and is used to drive the dismantling component 811 to rotate relative to the hopper 4. In this embodiment, the third drive component 812 is preferably a servo motor.

[0077] The cleaning component 82 is installed inside the material bin 4, located at the top of the recycling space 41 and installed away from the dismantling component 81. It is used to spray liquid downwards to clean the ballast 2, facilitating the separation of the hardened ballast 2 under the action of the dismantling component 81. In this embodiment, the liquid sprayed by the cleaning component 82 is preferably water; and preferably, a water tank for supplying water to the cleaning component 82 is fixedly installed on the top of the material bin 4. Since the cleaning component 82 with the above functions is a common prior art (structure of water pump and spray pipe combination, etc.), it will not be described in detail here, and it is only briefly shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0078] At this time, as the separation device 8 continues to separate the slab 2, the cleaning water and impurities will pass through the first filter plate 43 under their own gravity and be collected at the bottom of the recycling space 41. The slab 2 that meets the usage requirements on the first filter plate 43 will wait for subsequent reuse.

[0079] Furthermore, to facilitate the use of ballast 2 that meets the usage requirements in the recycling space 41, the preferred material box 4 is also provided with a feeding channel 44 between the recycling space 41 and the storage space 42, so that the ballast 2 that meets the usage requirements in the recycling space 41 can enter the storage space 42 to wait for subsequent laying and use. In addition, the preferred material box 4 is equipped with a second gate 45 at the opening between the feeding channel 44 and the recycling space 41 to control whether the ballast 2 can enter the feeding channel 44.

[0080] One end of the feeding channel 44 is connected to the recycling space 41 near the top of the first filter plate 43, facilitating the entry of ballast 2 to meet usage requirements; the other end of the feeding channel 44 extends downward at an angle relative to the length of the material box 4 and connects to the storage space 42 near the top. In this embodiment, preferably, a filter structure for intercepting caking ballast 2 is also fixedly installed at the end of the feeding channel 44 near the recycling space 41, satisfying the conditions for loose ballast 2 to enter, while caking ballast 2 will not be able to enter.

[0081] The second gate 45 is located on the side of the filter structure opposite to the recycling space 41. It is used to control whether the opening between the feeding channel 44 and the recycling space 41 is open. When the second gate 45 is open, the ballast 2 in the recycling space 41 that meets the usage requirements will be able to enter the feeding channel 44 under its own gravity and move along the feeding channel 44 into the storage space 42. When the second gate 45 is closed, it will prevent the material in the recycling space 41 from entering the feeding channel 44. In this embodiment, since the second gate 45 with the above-mentioned functions is common prior art, it will not be described in detail here, and it is only briefly shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0082] Furthermore, in order to improve the utilization rate of cleaning water and reduce the probability that the high humidity of the ballast 2 in the storage space 42 due to cleaning water will affect its subsequent laying effect, it is preferable that the bottom of the material box 4 is provided with a water storage space 46 for collecting cleaning water, and a second filter plate 47 (filter holes omitted) for filtering impurities is fixedly installed between the water storage space 46 and the recovery space 41 and the storage space 42 in the material box 4, so that the cleaning water in the recovery space 41 and the storage space 42 can pass through the second filter plate 47 and enter the water storage space 46.

[0083] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 Two detection devices 9 are respectively installed on both sides of the width direction of the vehicle body 31 and are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the vehicle body 31. The detection devices 9 are located between the cleaning device 5 and the laying device 6 on the same side. The detection device 9 includes a spraying component 91 for spraying and inspecting the quality of ballast 2 slab scraping on the surface of the track bed, a monitoring module 92 for monitoring the condition of the track bed surface, and a marking component 93 for marking the abnormal area when the monitoring module 92 detects an abnormality. The spraying component 91, the detection module and the marking component 93 are distributed sequentially along the length direction of the vehicle body 31.

[0084] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4One end of the spray assembly 91 is fixedly connected to the material box 4 and communicates with the water storage space 46, and is used to draw the cleaning water collected in the water storage space 46; the other end of the spray assembly 91 sprays the cleaning water downwards, and the width of its spray area can cover the width of the slab 2 scraped off by the corresponding scraping device on the track bed surface. In this embodiment, since the spray assembly 91 with the above functions is common prior art, it will not be described in detail here, and it is only briefly shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0085] The monitoring module 92 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the vehicle body 31. It is used to monitor the drainage of the track bed surface below it. By monitoring the drainage of the track bed surface, it can determine whether the scraping of the compacted ballast 2 is thorough, thereby determining whether the shaping and maintenance of the ballast 2 is adequate. In this embodiment, since the monitoring module 92 with the above functions is a common existing technology (such as the combination of image acquisition and humidity detection), it will not be described in detail here, and it is only briefly shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0086] The marking component 93 is fixedly installed on the vehicle body 31. It is used to spray marking material (such as brightly colored pigments) downwards, so that the staff can know the location of abnormal areas on the track bed surface detected by the monitoring module 92. In this embodiment, since the marking component 93 with the above-mentioned functions is common prior art, it will not be described in detail here, and it is only briefly shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0087] The monitoring module 92 is connected to the marking component 93, the laying device 6, and the compaction device 7 on the same side. When the monitoring module 92 detects an abnormal area on the track bed surface, the marking component 93 will mark the abnormal area after moving with the vehicle body 31 above it. At the same time, the laying device 6 will also stop laying the ballast 2 when moving with the vehicle body 31 above the abnormal area, and the compaction device 7 will also stop compacting the ballast 2 when moving with the vehicle body 31 above the abnormal area.

[0088] Afterwards, workers can locate abnormal areas on the track bed surface based on the markings, and perform a more thorough scraping of the compacted ballast 2 in those areas (either manually or with the help of auxiliary equipment). Then, ballast 2 is laid and compacted to improve the overall shaping and maintenance effect of the track bed ballast 2.

[0089] The implementation principle of an auxiliary device for railway ballast 2 in this application embodiment is as follows:

[0090] During the process of the traveling device 3 driving the equipment to move along the track 1, the cleaning device 5 will scrape off the ballast 2 that has hardened on both sides of the track 1. The scraped ballast 2 will enter the recycling space 41 through the feed hopper 51 for collection. After that, the detection device 9 will detect the drainage effect on the track bed surface to determine whether the scraping of the hardened ballast 2 has been completed and mark the abnormal areas. Then, the laying device 6 will lay new ballast 2 in the areas that have passed the detection. Next, the compaction device 7 will compact the newly laid ballast 2, thereby achieving the effect of shaping and maintaining the ballast 2.

[0091] Meanwhile, the slab 2 that has hardened and entered the recycling space 41 will be separated into slab 2 that meets the usage requirements and impurities under the action of the separation device 8. The impurities will pass through the first filter plate 43 and be collected at the bottom of the recycling space 41, while the slab 2 that meets the usage requirements can enter the storage space 42 through the feeding channel 44 and be put into use, thereby improving the utilization rate of the slab 2.

[0092] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An auxiliary device for railway ballast, characterized in that, It includes a driving device (3), a material box (4), two cleaning devices (5), two laying devices (6) and two compaction devices (7); The driving device (3) includes a vehicle body (31), a plurality of wheels (32) and a first driving member (33); the wheels (32) are rotatably connected to the vehicle body (31) and cooperate with the track (1), and the first driving member (33) is used to drive the wheels (32) to rotate; The material box (4) is located on the top of the vehicle body (31), and has a recycling space (41) for recycling slab ballast (2) and a storage space (42) for storing ballast (2). The two cleaning devices (5) are respectively located on both sides of the material box (4) and close to the front of the vehicle body (31). Each device includes a feeding hopper (51) and a feeding assembly (52). One end of the feeding hopper (51) is used to remove the slab ballast (2), and the other end is connected to the recycling space (41). The feeding assembly (52) is located in the feeding hopper (51) and is used to drive the slab ballast (2) to move into the recycling space (41). The two laying devices (6) are respectively located on both sides of the material box (4) and close to the rear of the vehicle body (31). They include a discharge hopper (61) and a first gate (62). One end of the discharge hopper (61) is close to the track bed and is flared along the width direction of the track bed, and the other end is connected to the storage space (42). The first gate (62) is located inside the discharge hopper (61) close to the storage space (42) and is used to control whether the ballast (2) in the storage space (42) enters the discharge hopper (61). The two compaction devices (7) are located at the rear of the vehicle body (31) and close to both sides of the vehicle body (31), and each includes a compaction component (71) and a second driving component (72); the compaction component (71) is used to compact the shaped ballast (2), and the second driving component (72) is used to drive the compaction component (71) to move in the vertical direction; The bin (4) is provided with a separation device (8) for breaking up the brittle ballast (2) and a first filter plate (43) for filtering the ballast (2) in the recycling space (41). The separation device (8) includes a disassembly assembly (81) located above the first filter plate (43) and includes a disassembly component (811) and a third drive component (812); the disassembly component (811) is rotatably connected to the hopper (4) and has a plurality of outwardly extending contact rods (8111) for breaking up the slab ballast (2) on its outer side, and the third drive component (812) is used to drive the disassembly component (811) to rotate; During the process of separating the slab (2) by the separation device (8), the separated ballast (2) is located above the first filter plate (43), and the impurities are located below the first filter plate (43). The separation device (8) also includes a cleaning assembly (82) for cleaning the slab (2) to facilitate the separation of the slab (2). The cleaning component (82) is positioned above the contact rod (8111) and is used to spray cleaning fluid downwards to reduce the slab compaction strength of the ballast (2) and facilitate the separation of the compacted ballast (2). The material box (4) has a feeding channel (44) inside, and a second gate (45) is provided in the feeding channel (44). The two ends of the feeding channel (44) are connected to the recycling space (41) and the storage space (42) respectively, and the connection between the feeding channel (44) and the recycling space (41) is located above the first filter plate (43); the second gate (45) is movably connected to the material box (4), and it is used to control whether the ballast (2) in the recycling space (41) enters the storage space (42) through the feeding channel (44). The bottom of the material box (4) is provided with a water storage space (46), and a second filter plate (47) for water to flow in is provided between the water storage space (46), the recycling space (41), and the storage space (42). Both sides of the vehicle body (31) are provided with a detection device (9) for detecting the effect of clearing ballast (2) compaction. The detection device (9) is located between the clearing device (5) and the laying device (6), and the detection device (9) includes a spray assembly (91) and a monitoring module (92). The spray assembly (91) uses water from the water storage space (46) to spray the track bed surface, and the monitoring module (92) is used to monitor the condition of the track bed surface, and the monitoring module (92) is located behind the spray assembly (91). The detection device (9) also includes a marking component (93); The marking component (93) is used to mark the surface of the track bed, and the marking component (93) is located behind the monitoring module (92); the monitoring module (92) is signal-connected to the marking component (93), so that the marking component (93) marks the areas of abnormality detected on the track bed surface; the monitoring module (92) is also signal-connected to the laying device (6) and the compaction device (7), so that the laying device (6) lays the track bed surface in a way that avoids the areas of abnormality detected, and the compaction device (7) compacts the track bed surface in a way that avoids the areas of abnormality detected. The feed hopper (51) is movably connected to the hopper (4), and the cleaning device (5) further includes a fourth drive member (53) for controlling the bottom height position of the feed hopper (51).

2. The auxiliary equipment for railway ballast according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laying device (6) also includes multiple anti-clogging components (63); The anti-blocking component (63) is rotatably disposed inside the discharge hopper (61), and its rotation axis is perpendicular to the discharge direction of the ballast (2), and multiple anti-blocking components (63) are distributed at equal intervals along the discharge direction of the ballast (2); The anti-blocking component (63) has multiple flexible levers (631) extending outward from its outer side. During the discharge of ballast (2) along the discharge hopper (61), the multiple anti-blocking components (63) are driven to rotate.

3. An auxiliary device for railway ballast according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compaction device (7) further includes a fifth drive member (73) for adjusting the movement of the compaction member (71) along the width direction of the track bed. The compaction member (71) includes a horizontal first compaction plate (711), an inclined second compaction plate (712), and a sixth driving member (713); one side of the second compaction plate (712) is rotatably connected to the first compaction plate (711), and the sixth driving member (713) is used to drive the second compaction plate (712) to rotate.

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