An air conditioner terminal energy consumption estimation method, device and system

Abstract

The application provides an air conditioner terminal energy consumption estimation method, device and system, relates to the air conditioner energy consumption prediction technical field, and can accurately estimate the air conditioner terminal energy consumption without large-scale modification of the air conditioner system. The method is applied to an air conditioner terminal energy consumption estimation system. The system comprises an air conditioner terminal energy consumption estimation device and a fluid pressure difference determination device installed at the air conditioner terminal. The estimation device comprises a valve control circuit, a temperature sensing module, a network interface and a processor. The method comprises the following steps: the processor obtains the valve opening degree of a proportional-integral valve at the air conditioner terminal through the valve control circuit; the water inlet temperature and the return water temperature of the fluid flowing through the heat exchanger of the air conditioner terminal are obtained through the temperature sensing module, and the temperature difference between the two is determined; the fluid pressure difference of the air conditioner terminal determined by the fluid pressure difference determination device is obtained through the network interface; and the energy consumption proxy value of the air conditioner terminal is determined based on the preset fluid dynamics function according to the valve opening degree, the temperature difference and the fluid pressure difference.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of air conditioning energy consumption prediction technology, and in particular to a method, device and system for estimating the energy consumption of air conditioning terminals. Background Technology

[0002] In modern large public buildings, the central air conditioning system is the main energy-consuming unit, typically accounting for 40% to 60% of the building's total energy consumption. To reduce energy consumption, refined energy-saving management and optimized control of the central air conditioning system have become essential.

[0003] The prerequisite for achieving refined management is obtaining real-time energy consumption data from air conditioning terminal equipment (such as fan coil units and air handling units). Traditional energy metering methods require installing physical flow meters or heat meters (calorie meters) at the inlet of each terminal device (which may number in the hundreds or thousands). However, this approach has the following drawbacks: when retrofitting existing buildings already in use, installing flow meters requires cutting and welding existing water pipes, resulting in extremely difficult, time-consuming, and costly construction, making it unacceptable to property owners.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method that can accurately estimate the energy consumption of air conditioning terminals without large-scale modifications. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a method, apparatus and system for estimating the energy consumption of air conditioning terminals, which can accurately estimate the energy consumption of air conditioning terminals without large-scale modifications to the air conditioning system.

[0006] Firstly, a method for estimating the energy consumption of an air conditioning terminal is provided, applied to an air conditioning terminal energy consumption estimation system. The system includes an air conditioning terminal energy consumption estimation device and a fluid pressure difference determination device installed at the air conditioning terminal. The air conditioning terminal energy consumption estimation device includes a valve control circuit, a temperature sensing module, a network interface, and a processor. The method includes:

[0007] The processor obtains the valve opening degree of the proportional-integral valve at the air conditioning terminal through the valve control circuit.

[0008] The processor obtains the inlet and return water temperatures of the fluid flowing through the heat exchanger at the air conditioner terminal through the temperature sensing module, and determines the temperature difference between the inlet and return water temperatures.

[0009] The processor obtains the fluid pressure difference acting on the air conditioning terminal as determined by the fluid pressure difference determination device through the network interface;

[0010] The processor determines the energy consumption proxy value of the air conditioning terminal based on the valve opening degree, temperature difference, and fluid pressure difference, using a preset fluid dynamics function. The fluid dynamics function is a nonlinear function that incorporates valve authority correction and equipment aging factor.

[0011] In one feasible design, the system also includes an edge computing gateway, and the fluid differential pressure determination device includes a virtual differential pressure calculation module of the edge computing gateway. The virtual differential pressure calculation module is used to determine the fluid differential pressure based on the operating parameters of the circulating water pump of the air conditioning water system and the building hydraulic network model.

[0012] In a feasible design, the fluid pressure difference is determined based on the operating parameters of the circulating water pumps in the air conditioning water system and the building hydraulic network model, including:

[0013] Obtain the operating parameters of the circulating water pump in the air conditioning water system. The operating parameters should include at least the pump operating frequency and the pump input power.

[0014] Based on real-time operating parameters and the preset performance curve of the circulating water pump, the total flow rate and total head of the air conditioning water system are determined.

[0015] Based on the topology, total flow rate, and valve opening distribution at each terminal of the air conditioner, the friction loss from the circulating water pump to the air conditioner terminal is determined using the building hydraulic network model.

[0016] The fluid pressure difference acting on the air conditioning terminal is determined based on the total head and the pressure loss along the flow path.

[0017] In a feasible design, the fluid dynamics function is shown in the following formula:

[0018] ;

[0019] in, This represents the energy consumption proxy value. Represents the thermophysical constants of the fluid. Indicates the time it takes to run The changing dynamic aging coefficient Indicates the valve opening degree. Indicates the degree of valve authority. This indicates the introduction of valve authority. Modified valve flow characteristic function Indicates fluid pressure difference. Indicates temperature difference. This represents the absolute value of the temperature difference.

[0020] In a feasible design, the valve flow characteristic function is shown in the following formula:

[0021] ;

[0022] in, This indicates the rated flow coefficient when the valve is fully open. This indicates that the valve is at an opening degree of... The flow coefficient at that time.

[0023] In one feasible design, the fluid differential pressure determination device includes a remote differential pressure sensor deployed on the upstream pipe of the air conditioning terminal for measuring the fluid differential pressure.

[0024] Secondly, an air conditioning terminal energy consumption estimation device is provided, included in an air conditioning terminal energy consumption estimation system. The system further includes a fluid pressure difference determination device. The air conditioning terminal energy consumption estimation device is installed at the air conditioning terminal. The air conditioning terminal energy consumption estimation device includes:

[0025] Valve control circuit, used to determine the valve opening degree of the proportional-integral valve;

[0026] Temperature sensing module, used to measure the inlet and return water temperatures of the fluid flowing through the heat exchanger at the air conditioning terminal;

[0027] The processor is used to determine the temperature difference based on the inlet and outlet water temperatures.

[0028] A network interface is used to acquire the fluid differential pressure acting on the air conditioning terminal, as determined by the fluid differential pressure determination device.

[0029] The processor is also used to determine the energy consumption proxy value of the air conditioning terminal based on a preset fluid dynamics function, according to the valve opening degree, temperature difference and fluid pressure difference. The fluid dynamics function is a nonlinear function that incorporates valve authority correction and equipment aging factor.

[0030] In one feasible design, the system also includes an edge computing gateway, and the processor is further used to report determined energy consumption proxy values ​​to the edge computing gateway via a network interface.

[0031] Thirdly, an air conditioning terminal energy consumption estimation system is provided, including an air conditioning terminal energy consumption estimation device and a fluid pressure difference determination device installed at the air conditioning terminal.

[0032] The energy consumption estimation device for air conditioning terminals includes a valve control circuit, a temperature sensing module, a network interface, and a processor. The valve control circuit determines the valve opening of the proportional-integral valve. The temperature sensing module measures the inlet and return water temperatures of the fluid flowing through the heat exchanger of the air conditioning terminal. The processor determines the temperature difference based on the inlet and return water temperatures. The network interface acquires the fluid pressure difference acting on the air conditioning terminal, determined by a fluid pressure difference determination device. The processor also determines the energy consumption proxy value of the air conditioning terminal based on a preset fluid dynamics function, using the valve opening, temperature difference, and fluid pressure difference. This fluid dynamics function is a nonlinear function incorporating valve authority correction and equipment aging factors.

[0033] In one feasible design, the fluid differential pressure determination device includes a remote differential pressure sensor deployed on an upstream pipeline for measuring the fluid differential pressure;

[0034] Alternatively, the system may also include an edge computing gateway, and the fluid differential pressure determination device includes a virtual differential pressure calculation module of the edge computing gateway. The virtual differential pressure calculation module is used to determine the fluid differential pressure based on the operating parameters of the circulating water pump of the air conditioning water system and the building hydraulic network model.

[0035] This application integrates the valve control circuit, temperature sensing module, network interface, and processor into an air conditioning terminal energy consumption estimation device. While achieving energy consumption estimation, deployment can be completed simply by installing the air conditioning terminal energy consumption estimation device provided in this application, greatly reducing the need for invasive construction work on existing building pipelines and thus solving the extremely difficult construction problem currently faced when installing flow meters. Furthermore, the method employs a nonlinear fluid dynamics function that incorporates valve authority correction and equipment aging factors. This dynamically compensates for the coupling relationship between the actual flow characteristics of the valve and the characteristics of the pipeline network, as well as equipment performance degradation, at the algorithm level, significantly improving the accuracy and long-term reliability of energy consumption estimation under complex and time-varying operating conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating an example of an air conditioning terminal energy consumption estimation method provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 2 This is an architecture diagram of an example air conditioning terminal energy consumption estimation system provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 3 This is an architecture diagram of an air conditioning terminal energy consumption estimation system provided in another exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an air conditioning terminal energy consumption estimation device provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0042] To achieve high-precision, low-cost estimation of energy consumption at air conditioning terminals without installing physical flow meters, such as... Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a method for estimating the energy consumption of an air conditioning terminal, applied to an air conditioning terminal energy consumption estimation system. The system includes an air conditioning terminal energy consumption estimation device and a fluid pressure difference determination device installed at the air conditioning terminal. The air conditioning terminal energy consumption estimation device includes a valve control circuit, a temperature sensing module, a network interface, and a processor. The method includes:

[0043] S110, the processor obtains the valve opening degree of the proportional integral valve at the air conditioning terminal through the valve control circuit.

[0044] Specifically, the processor sends instructions to the valve control circuit to trigger the valve control circuit to control the valve opening of the proportional-integral valve, and at the same time the processor stores the value of the valve opening (e.g., a value from 0% to 100%).

[0045] It should be understood that air conditioning typically includes multiple terminals, such as fan coil units and air handling units. Each terminal can be equipped with an air conditioning terminal energy consumption estimation device. In other words, the system can include multiple air conditioning terminal energy consumption estimation devices.

[0046] S120, the processor obtains the inlet and return water temperatures of the fluid flowing through the heat exchanger at the air conditioning terminal through the temperature sensing module, and determines the temperature difference between the inlet and return water temperatures.

[0047] Specifically, the temperature sensing module measures the inlet and return water temperatures of the fluid flowing through the heat exchanger at the air conditioning terminal in real time. The processor obtains these inlet and return water temperatures by communicating with the temperature sensing module and calculates the difference between them (i.e., the temperature difference).

[0048] S130, the processor obtains the fluid pressure difference acting on the air conditioning terminal as determined by the fluid pressure difference determination device through the network interface.

[0049] In one feasible design, the fluid differential pressure determination device includes a remote differential pressure sensor deployed on the upstream pipe of the air conditioning terminal for measuring the fluid differential pressure.

[0050] Specifically, the processor communicates with a remote differential pressure sensor via a network interface to obtain the fluid differential pressure measured in real time by the remote differential pressure sensor.

[0051] The above embodiments, by deploying a remote differential pressure sensor in the upstream pipeline to directly measure the fluid differential pressure acting on the terminal, ensure high accuracy and reliability of the differential pressure data source, making it suitable for scenarios with complex hydraulic conditions or strict requirements for metering accuracy. Furthermore, since the sensor is deployed on the upstream pipeline of the air conditioning terminal, multiple air conditioning terminals can share a single remote differential pressure sensor, enabling shared service to multiple downstream terminals. This significantly improves the overall measurement reliability of the system while effectively distributing hardware costs, avoiding the high expenses associated with installing a separate sensor at each terminal.

[0052] In one feasible design, the system also includes an edge computing gateway (or a cloud platform), and the fluid differential pressure determination device includes a virtual differential pressure calculation module of the edge computing gateway. The virtual differential pressure calculation module is used to determine the fluid differential pressure based on the operating parameters of the circulating water pump of the air conditioning water system and the building hydraulic network model.

[0053] In this embodiment, the edge computing gateway communicates with the chiller plant control system to obtain the operating parameters of the circulating water pumps in the air conditioning water system. Using a built-in hydraulic model, it calculates a virtual fluid pressure difference, reducing the design complexity of the air conditioning terminal energy consumption estimation device and lowering hardware costs by approximately 30% (eliminating the need for distributed sensors for measuring fluid pressure differences and their wiring). This enables low-cost retrofitting of existing buildings. Furthermore, this model-based calculation method can more accurately simulate and predict fluid pressure differences by considering the actual conditions of the building's hydraulic network. In practical applications, the complex structure of a building's hydraulic network means that factors such as pipe resistance and flow distribution in different areas can affect fluid pressure differences. The virtual pressure difference calculation module can dynamically adjust the calculation parameters based on these actual conditions, improving the accuracy of the calculation results. Moreover, the edge computing gateway can process and analyze data in real time, providing timely feedback on changes in fluid pressure differences, offering more reliable data support for estimating air conditioning terminal energy consumption. In addition, this design also offers good scalability and flexibility. If the building's hydraulic network changes, or if more air conditioning terminals need to be estimated for energy consumption, only the building hydraulic network model in the edge computing gateway needs to be updated and adjusted accordingly, without the need for large-scale hardware modifications, which greatly reduces the difficulty and cost of system upgrades and maintenance.

[0054] In a feasible design, the fluid pressure difference is determined based on the operating parameters of the circulating water pumps in the air conditioning water system and the building hydraulic network model, including:

[0055] Obtain the operating parameters of the circulating water pump in the air conditioning water system. The operating parameters should include at least the pump operating frequency and the pump input power.

[0056] Based on real-time operating parameters and the preset performance curve of the circulating water pump, the total flow rate and total head of the air conditioning water system are determined.

[0057] Based on the topology, total flow rate, and valve opening distribution at each terminal of the air conditioner, the friction loss from the circulating water pump to the air conditioner terminal is determined using the building hydraulic network model.

[0058] The fluid pressure difference acting on the air conditioning terminal is determined based on the total head and the pressure loss along the flow path.

[0059] The above embodiment is illustrated below with examples of the following steps:

[0060] Step A: Source Data Acquisition

[0061] Read the real-time operating frequency of the circulating water pump from the chiller plant control system. (Unit: Hz) and real-time input power of the water pump motor (Unit: kW)

[0062] Step B: Pump operating point inversion

[0063] Using the similarity law of pumps and the preset performance curve equation of the circulating water pump, the total flow rate of the pump under the current operating condition can be solved by simultaneously solving the following formulas (1) and (2). (Unit: m) 3 / h) and total head (Unit: m):

[0064] , formula (1);

[0065] , formula (2);

[0066] in, , , All of these are fitting coefficients for the pump characteristic curve, calibrated based on the pump's factory performance data. Fluid density (unit: kg / m³) 3 ); Acceleration due to gravity (unit: m / s²) 2 ); This is a comprehensive coefficient of motor efficiency and inverter efficiency (which can be determined based on expert experience). The pump efficiency function can be determined by experts based on flow rate and rotational speed.

[0067] Step C: Deduction of hydraulic resistance in the pipe network

[0068] Based on the topology of the hydraulic network model, the distance from the pump outlet to the target air conditioning terminal is calculated using the following formula (3). Pressure loss along the friction :

[0069] , formula (3);

[0070] in, Indicates the number of the target air conditioning terminal. Indicates the distance from the pumping station to the target air conditioning terminal. The cumulative pressure loss, in Pa; This indicates the water flow from the pump to the target air conditioning terminal. The collection of all series pipe segments passed through; Indicates the pipe section number, Indicates the first The hydraulic resistance coefficient (Pa / (m³ / h)²) of the pipe section can be set based on expert experience according to the pipe diameter, pipe length and roughness. Indicates the flow through the first The traffic flow in the pipeline segment is determined by the edge computing gateway based on the total traffic. The valve opening distribution at each end is obtained by solving the Kirchhoff hydraulic network equations.

[0071] Step D: Generation of Virtual Fluid Pressure Difference

[0072] The target air conditioning terminal is calculated using the following formula (4). Virtual fluid pressure difference:

[0073] , formula (4);

[0074] in, Indicates the target air conditioning terminal Virtual fluid pressure difference at the inlet.

[0075] It should be noted that for closed-loop circulating water systems, the static pressures cancel each other out, and the dynamic head and friction resistance should be the main considerations.

[0076] The above embodiments obtain the operating frequency and input power of the circulating water pump, and deduce the total flow and total head of the system in real time based on the pump performance curve. Then, combined with the building hydraulic network model and the opening distribution of the terminal valve, the friction loss from the pump station to the target terminal is dynamically calculated, and finally the fluid pressure difference acting on the terminal is accurately calculated.

[0077] In both embodiments described above, the fluid differential pressure data is not measured individually at each terminal, but rather obtained through source-end estimation or shared upstream sensors, and distributed to each estimation device via a network. This avoids invasive modifications to a large number of air conditioning terminals, making deployment in existing buildings lightweight and quick.

[0078] S140, the processor determines the energy consumption proxy value of the air conditioning terminal based on the valve opening, temperature difference, and fluid pressure difference, using a preset fluid dynamics function.

[0079] The fluid dynamics function is a nonlinear function that incorporates valve authority correction and equipment aging factor.

[0080] In a feasible design, the fluid dynamics function is shown in the following formula (5):

[0081] , formula (5);

[0082] in, This represents the energy consumption proxy value, in watts (W). The constant representing the thermal properties of a fluid is the fluid density. With specific heat capacity The product of (unit: J / (kg·℃)); This indicates the cumulative operating time of the equipment (unit: hours). Indicates the time it takes to run Changing dynamic aging coefficient ( A value less than or equal to 1 can reflect the decrease in heat exchange efficiency caused by scaling on the heat exchanger surface and mechanical wear of valves. Indicates the valve opening degree. It represents the valve authority (i.e., the ratio of the pressure drop when the valve is fully open to the total pressure drop of the branch circuit). This indicates the introduction of valve authority. Modified valve flow characteristic function This indicates the fluid pressure difference. Indicates temperature difference. This represents the absolute value of the temperature difference, where... , The inlet water temperature, This refers to the return water temperature.

[0083] Furthermore, the valve flow characteristic function is shown in the following formula (6):

[0084] , formula (6);

[0085] in, This indicates the rated flow coefficient when the valve is fully open. This indicates that the valve is at an opening degree of... The flow coefficient at that time.

[0086] The above embodiments accurately reflect the true flow characteristics of the valve under actual pipeline resistance by introducing a valve flow characteristic function to perform nonlinear correction of the valve opening degree. Simultaneously, by introducing a dynamic aging coefficient, the impact of time-varying factors such as heat exchanger fouling and valve wear on heat transfer efficiency is quantified. This function model not only fundamentally overcomes the large error of the ideal linear formula (energy consumption proxy value = fluid thermophysical constant × valve opening degree × temperature difference × square root of fluid pressure difference) under complex operating conditions, but also significantly improves the estimation accuracy and adaptability of the energy consumption proxy value throughout the entire life cycle of the air conditioning system through dual dynamic compensation for the valve's nonlinear characteristics and equipment performance degradation.

[0087] This application integrates the valve control circuit, temperature sensing module, network interface, and processor into an air conditioning terminal energy consumption estimation device. While achieving energy consumption estimation, deployment can be completed simply by installing the air conditioning terminal energy consumption estimation device provided in this application, greatly reducing the need for invasive construction work on existing building pipelines and thus solving the extremely difficult construction problem currently faced when installing flow meters. Furthermore, the method employs a nonlinear fluid dynamics function that incorporates valve authority correction and equipment aging factors. This dynamically compensates for the coupling relationship between the actual flow characteristics of the valve and the characteristics of the pipeline network, as well as equipment performance degradation, at the algorithm level, significantly improving the accuracy and long-term reliability of energy consumption estimation under complex and time-varying operating conditions.

[0088] The real-time, high-precision energy consumption proxy values ​​of the air conditioning terminals generated by this application can serve as key underlying data, providing high-quality input data for upper-level building management systems, artificial intelligence energy consumption prediction models, dynamic load response and energy-saving control algorithms, and are a necessary foundation for realizing global intelligent control.

[0089] like Figure 2 As shown, this application also provides an air conditioning terminal energy consumption estimation system, including an air conditioning terminal energy consumption estimation device and a fluid pressure difference determination device installed at the air conditioning terminal.

[0090] The energy consumption estimation device for air conditioning terminals includes a valve control circuit, a temperature sensing module, a network interface, and a processor. The valve control circuit determines the valve opening of the proportional-integral valve. The temperature sensing module measures the inlet and return water temperatures of the fluid flowing through the heat exchanger of the air conditioning terminal. The processor determines the temperature difference based on the inlet and return water temperatures. The network interface acquires the fluid pressure difference acting on the air conditioning terminal, determined by a fluid pressure difference determination device. The processor also determines the energy consumption proxy value of the air conditioning terminal based on a preset fluid dynamics function, using the valve opening, temperature difference, and fluid pressure difference. This fluid dynamics function is a nonlinear function incorporating valve authority correction and equipment aging factors.

[0091] In one feasible design, the fluid differential pressure determination device includes a remote differential pressure sensor deployed on an upstream pipeline for measuring the fluid differential pressure. Since multiple estimation devices share a single upstream pipeline, the fluid differential pressure determination device is able to transmit the fluid differential pressure to multiple estimation devices, meaning that multiple estimation devices share a single fluid differential pressure data point.

[0092] In one feasible design, the system further includes an edge computing gateway. The fluid differential pressure determination device includes a virtual differential pressure calculation module within the edge computing gateway. This module determines the fluid differential pressure based on the operating parameters of the circulating water pumps in the air conditioning water system and the building hydraulic network model. The edge computing gateway then sends the fluid differential pressure output by the virtual differential pressure calculation module to the energy consumption estimation devices of each air conditioning terminal under its jurisdiction via the network. Correspondingly, the processor receives and caches the real-time fluid differential pressure through the network interface. This fluid differential pressure is considered the effective differential pressure of the loop containing that terminal.

[0093] In a feasible design, the fluid pressure difference is determined based on the operating parameters of the circulating water pumps in the air conditioning water system and the building hydraulic network model, including:

[0094] Obtain the operating parameters of the circulating water pump in the air conditioning water system. The operating parameters should include at least the pump operating frequency and the pump input power.

[0095] Based on real-time operating parameters and the preset performance curve of the circulating water pump, the total flow rate and total head of the air conditioning water system are determined.

[0096] Based on the topology, total flow rate, and valve opening distribution at each terminal of the air conditioner, the friction loss from the circulating water pump to the air conditioner terminal is determined using the building hydraulic network model.

[0097] The fluid pressure difference acting on the air conditioning terminal is determined based on the total head and the pressure loss along the flow path.

[0098] In a feasible design, the fluid dynamics function is shown in the following formula:

[0099] ;

[0100] in, This represents the energy consumption proxy value. Represents the thermophysical constants of the fluid. Indicates the time it takes to run The changing dynamic aging coefficient Indicates the valve opening degree. Indicates the degree of valve authority. This indicates the introduction of valve authority. Modified valve flow characteristic function Indicates fluid pressure difference. Indicates temperature difference. This represents the absolute value of the temperature difference.

[0101] In a feasible design, the valve flow characteristic function is shown in the following formula:

[0102] ;

[0103] in, This indicates the rated flow coefficient when the valve is fully open. This indicates that the valve is at an opening degree of... The flow coefficient at that time.

[0104] In one feasible design, the system also includes a cloud hub, and the edge computing gateway (or cloud hub) is also used to receive energy consumption proxy values ​​reported by multiple air conditioning terminal energy consumption estimation devices.

[0105] Edge computing gateways (or cloud hubs) are also used to coordinate the control of the air conditioner’s main unit or water pump based on each energy consumption proxy value;

[0106] Alternatively, the edge computing gateway (or cloud hub) is also used to accurately calculate the total energy consumption of each room or area based on each energy consumption agent value, providing a basis for individual billing;

[0107] Alternatively, edge computing gateways (or cloud hubs) can also be used to diagnose whether end valves are blocked or pipeline hydraulic imbalances occur by detecting abnormal fluctuations in each energy consumption proxy value.

[0108] Alternatively, the cloud-based central hub can use historically acquired energy consumption proxy values ​​as training data or real-time input to provide to the central air conditioning control model based on energy consumption prediction, so as to achieve global energy-saving optimization control.

[0109] In summary, as Figure 3 As shown, this application also provides a cloud-edge-device architecture for estimating the energy consumption of air conditioning terminals. In this system, the cloud hub is responsible for heavy computational tasks, such as constructing a hydraulic network model and offline training of the central air conditioning control model. The edge computing gateway is responsible for collecting the operating parameters of the water pumps in real time, using a deployed lightweight inference engine to calculate the virtual pressure difference of each air conditioner under its jurisdiction based on the hydraulic network model issued by the cloud hub, and broadcasting it to each air conditioning terminal of each air conditioner. The air conditioning terminal is responsible for performing the final energy consumption calculation, receiving the virtual pressure difference broadcast by the edge computing gateway, and combining it with the locally collected temperature difference and valve opening, calculating the real-time energy consumption proxy value based on the fluid dynamics function. This architecture achieves low-cost and high-precision energy consumption estimation on the terminal devices by integrating the local data of the air conditioning terminal and the shared virtual fluid pressure difference data of the gateway layer.

[0110] Other implementation methods and effects of the above system can be found in the description of the air conditioning terminal energy consumption estimation method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0111] like Figure 4 As shown, this application also provides an air conditioning terminal energy consumption estimation device, included in an air conditioning terminal energy consumption estimation system. The system further includes a fluid pressure difference determination device. The air conditioning terminal energy consumption estimation device is installed at the air conditioning terminal. The air conditioning terminal energy consumption estimation device includes:

[0112] Valve control circuit, used to determine the valve opening degree of the proportional-integral valve;

[0113] Temperature sensing module, used to measure the inlet and return water temperatures of the fluid flowing through the heat exchanger at the air conditioning terminal;

[0114] The processor is used to determine the temperature difference based on the inlet and outlet water temperatures.

[0115] A network interface is used to acquire the fluid differential pressure acting on the air conditioning terminal, as determined by the fluid differential pressure determination device.

[0116] The processor is also used to determine the energy consumption proxy value of the air conditioning terminal based on a preset fluid dynamics function, according to the valve opening degree, temperature difference and fluid pressure difference. The fluid dynamics function is a nonlinear function that incorporates valve authority correction and equipment aging factor.

[0117] The temperature sensing module includes two temperature probes: one for measuring the inlet water temperature and the other for measuring the return water temperature.

[0118] For example, the processor is a Cortex-M3 processor.

[0119] For example, the network interface uses a CAT1 communication module.

[0120] In one feasible design, the system also includes an edge computing gateway, and the processor is further used to report determined energy consumption proxy values ​​to the edge computing gateway via a network interface.

[0121] In a feasible design, the fluid dynamics function is shown in the following formula:

[0122] ;

[0123] in, This represents the energy consumption proxy value. Represents the thermophysical constants of the fluid. Indicates the time it takes to run The changing dynamic aging coefficient Indicates the valve opening degree. Indicates the degree of valve authority. This indicates the introduction of valve authority. Modified valve flow characteristic function Indicates fluid pressure difference. Indicates temperature difference. This represents the absolute value of the temperature difference.

[0124] In a feasible design, the valve flow characteristic function is shown in the following formula:

[0125] ;

[0126] in, This indicates the rated flow coefficient when the valve is fully open. This indicates that the valve is at an opening degree of... The flow coefficient at that time.

[0127] Other implementation methods and effects of the above-mentioned device can be found in the description of the air conditioning terminal energy consumption estimation method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0128] The basic principles of this application have been described above with reference to specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the advantages, benefits, and effects mentioned in this application are merely examples and not limitations, and should not be considered as essential features of each embodiment of this application. Furthermore, the specific details disclosed above are for illustrative and facilitative purposes only, and are not limitations. These details do not limit the application to the necessity of employing the aforementioned specific details for implementation.

[0129] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the accompanying figures are shown sequentially as indicated by the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowcharts of the accompanying figures may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and their execution order is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0130] The block diagrams of devices, apparatuses, devices, and systems involved in this application are merely illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply that they must be connected, arranged, or configured in the manner shown in the block diagrams. As those skilled in the art will recognize, these devices, apparatuses, devices, and systems can be connected, arranged, and configured in any manner. Words such as “comprising,” “including,” “having,” etc., are open-ended terms meaning “including but not limited to,” and are used interchangeably with them. The terms “or” and “and” as used herein refer to the terms “and / or,” and are used interchangeably with them unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The term “such as” as used herein refers to the phrase “such as but not limited to,” and is used interchangeably with it.

[0131] It should also be noted that in the apparatus, equipment, and methods of this application, the components or steps can be disassembled and / or recombined. These disassemblies and / or recombinations should be considered as equivalent solutions of this application.

[0132] The above description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but rather to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0133] The above description has been given for purposes of illustration and description. Furthermore, this description is not intended to limit the embodiments of this application to the forms disclosed herein. Although numerous exemplary aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those skilled in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, alterations, additions, and sub-combinations thereof.

Claims

1. A method for estimating the energy consumption of an air conditioning terminal, characterized in that, An energy consumption estimation system for air conditioning terminals, the system comprising an energy consumption estimation device for the air conditioning terminals installed at the air conditioning terminals, a fluid differential pressure determination device, and an edge computing gateway, wherein the energy consumption estimation device for the air conditioning terminals includes a valve control circuit, a temperature sensing module, a network interface, and a processor, and the method includes: The processor obtains the valve opening degree of the proportional-integral valve at the air conditioner terminal through the valve control circuit. The processor obtains the inlet and return water temperatures of the fluid flowing through the heat exchanger at the air conditioner terminal through the temperature sensing module, and determines the temperature difference between the inlet and return water temperatures. The processor obtains the fluid pressure difference acting on the air conditioning terminal, determined by the fluid pressure difference determination device, through the network interface. The fluid pressure difference determination device includes a virtual pressure difference calculation module of the edge computing gateway. The virtual pressure difference calculation module is used to determine the fluid pressure difference based on the operating parameters of the circulating water pump of the air conditioning water system and the building hydraulic network model. The determination of the fluid pressure difference based on the operating parameters of the circulating water pump of the air conditioning water system and the building hydraulic network model includes: Obtain the operating parameters of the circulating water pump in the air conditioning water system, wherein the operating parameters include at least the pump operating frequency and the pump input electrical power; Based on the operating parameters and according to the preset performance curve of the circulating water pump, the total flow rate and total head of the air conditioning water system are determined. Based on the topology of the building hydraulic network model, the total flow rate, and the valve opening distribution at each terminal of the air conditioner, the friction loss from the circulating water pump to the air conditioner terminal is determined. The fluid pressure difference acting on the air conditioning terminal is determined based on the total head and the pressure loss along the friction. The processor determines the energy consumption proxy value of the air conditioning terminal based on the valve opening, the temperature difference, and the fluid pressure difference, using a preset fluid dynamics function. The fluid dynamics function is a nonlinear function that incorporates valve authority correction and equipment aging factor.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fluid dynamics function is shown in the following formula: ； in, This represents the energy consumption proxy value. Represents the fluid's thermophysical constant. Indicates the time it takes to run The changing dynamic aging coefficient This indicates the valve opening degree. Indicates the degree of valve authority. This indicates the introduction of valve authority. Modified valve flow characteristic function This indicates the fluid pressure difference. Indicates temperature difference. This represents the absolute value of the temperature difference.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The valve flow characteristic function is shown in the following formula: ； in, This indicates the rated flow coefficient when the valve is fully open. This indicates that the valve is at an opening degree of... The flow coefficient at that time.

4. A device for estimating the energy consumption of an air conditioning terminal, characterized in that, An energy consumption estimation system for air conditioning terminals, the system further including a fluid differential pressure determination device and an edge computing gateway, wherein the energy consumption estimation device for air conditioning terminals is installed at the air conditioning terminals, and the energy consumption estimation device for air conditioning terminals includes: Valve control circuit, used to determine the valve opening degree of the proportional-integral valve; A temperature sensing module is used to measure the inlet and return water temperatures of the fluid flowing through the heat exchanger at the air conditioning terminal. A processor is used to determine the temperature difference based on the inlet water temperature and the return water temperature; A network interface is used to acquire the fluid pressure difference acting on the air conditioning terminal, determined by the fluid pressure difference determination device. The fluid pressure difference determination device includes a virtual pressure difference calculation module of the edge computing gateway. This virtual pressure difference calculation module is used to determine the fluid pressure difference based on the operating parameters of the circulating water pumps in the air conditioning water system and a building hydraulic network model. The determination of the fluid pressure difference based on the operating parameters of the circulating water pumps in the air conditioning water system and the building hydraulic network model includes: Obtain the operating parameters of the circulating water pump in the air conditioning water system, wherein the operating parameters include at least the pump operating frequency and the pump input electrical power; Based on the operating parameters and according to the preset performance curve of the circulating water pump, the total flow rate and total head of the air conditioning water system are determined. Based on the topology of the building hydraulic network model, the total flow rate, and the valve opening distribution at each terminal of the air conditioner, the friction loss from the circulating water pump to the air conditioner terminal is determined. The fluid pressure difference acting on the air conditioning terminal is determined based on the total head and the pressure loss along the friction. The processor is further configured to determine the energy consumption proxy value of the air conditioning terminal based on a preset fluid dynamics function according to the valve opening degree, the temperature difference, and the fluid pressure difference, wherein the fluid dynamics function is a nonlinear function that incorporates valve authority correction and equipment aging factor.

5. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The processor is also configured to report the determined energy consumption proxy value to the edge computing gateway via the network interface.

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