Target shooting equipment, target equipment, shooting platform and target shooting system

Abstract

The invention discloses target shooting equipment, target equipment, a shooting platform and a target shooting system, and relates to the technical field of laser target shooting. The target shooting equipment comprises a laser transmitter, an infrared receiver and a target shooting end processor; the laser transmitter is used for transmitting a laser target shooting signal to the target equipment, and the target equipment transmits an infrared authentication signal to the target shooting equipment under the condition of receiving the laser target shooting signal; the infrared receiver is used for receiving an infrared authentication signal; the target shooting end processor is used for determining a laser authentication signal based on the infrared authentication signal under the condition that the infrared receiver receives the infrared authentication signal; the laser transmitter is further used for transmitting a laser authentication signal to the target equipment, and the target equipment verifies the effectiveness of the laser targeting signal based on the laser authentication signal under the condition that the laser authentication signal is received. According to the invention, the authenticity and effectiveness of the laser targeting score can be ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of laser shooting, and in particular to a shooting device, a target device, a shooting platform and a shooting system. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing demand for safety and intelligent level in shooting training, competitive sports and security drills, etc., non-live ammunition shooting devices gradually become an important alternative to traditional live ammunition shooting simulation and evaluation due to their advantages of no harm risk, reusability and easy data recording. Such systems realize the closed-loop detection of "firing-response-determination" through photoelectric interaction, and the core is to accurately simulate the real shooting process and reliably verify the effectiveness of the shooting result, so as to ensure the fairness and credibility of the training or competition process.

[0003] At present, the existing shooting device usually adopts a one-way laser signal triggering mechanism, that is, the shooting device emits a laser signal, and the target device directly determines the hit and displays the result after receiving the laser signal. Although this method is simple in structure and fast in response, it is easily affected by environmental light interference, signal false triggering or signal replay attacks, resulting in false hit and fake hit results.

[0004] Therefore, how to ensure the authenticity and effectiveness of the laser shooting result has become a technical problem that needs to be solved in the industry. SUMMARY

[0005] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a shooting device, a target device, a shooting platform and a shooting system, which aims to ensure the authenticity and effectiveness of the laser shooting result.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides a shooting device, which comprises a laser emitter, an infrared receiver and a shooting end processor. The laser emitter is used to emit a laser shooting signal to a target device, wherein the target device sends a launch infrared authentication signal to the shooting device when receiving the laser shooting signal. The infrared receiver is used to receive the infrared authentication signal. The shooting end processor is used to determine a laser authentication signal based on the infrared authentication signal when the infrared receiver receives the infrared authentication signal. The laser emitter is also used to emit the laser authentication signal to the target device, wherein the target device verifies the effectiveness of the laser shooting signal based on the laser authentication signal when receiving the laser authentication signal.

[0007] In one embodiment, the target-shooting processor includes an authentication key generation module, an infrared signal extraction module, and an authentication information decryption module; The authentication key generation module is used to generate the target authentication key; The laser emitter is also used to transmit a laser targeting signal carrying the targeting authentication key to the target device. When the laser targeting signal carries the targeting authentication key, the target device extracts the targeting authentication key from the laser targeting signal and generates targeting authentication information. The target device also encrypts the targeting authentication information into encrypted authentication data based on the targeting authentication key and sends an infrared authentication signal carrying the encrypted authentication data to the target device. The infrared signal extraction module is used to extract the encrypted authentication data from the infrared authentication signal when the infrared authentication signal carries the encrypted authentication data. The authentication information decryption module is used to decrypt the encrypted authentication data into decrypted authentication data based on the target shooting authentication key; The laser emitter is also used to emit a laser authentication signal carrying the decryption authentication data to the target device, wherein the target device extracts the decryption authentication data from the laser authentication signal when the laser authentication signal carries the decryption authentication data, and verifies the validity of the laser target signal based on the decryption authentication data and the target firing authentication information.

[0008] In one embodiment, the target shooting device is integrated into a shooting platform, the shooting platform having a unique identifier, and the authentication key generation module includes: PUF unit, used to generate PUF code; A key unit is used to obtain the unique identifier code and, based on the unique identifier code and the PUF code, generate a target-oriented authentication key with the target format as the key format. Specifically, when the target device extracts the target authentication key from the laser target signal, it verifies whether the key format of the target authentication key is the target format, and if it determines that the key format of the target authentication key is the target format, it generates target authentication information.

[0009] In one embodiment, the target-shooting processor includes an authentication key generation module, an infrared signal extraction module, and an authentication information encryption module; The infrared signal extraction module is used to extract the target-hitting authentication information from the infrared authentication signal when the infrared authentication signal carries the target-hitting authentication information. The authentication key generation module is used to generate the target authentication key; The authentication information encryption module is used to encrypt the target shooting authentication information into encrypted authentication data based on the target shooting authentication key. The laser emitter is also used to emit a laser authentication signal carrying the encrypted authentication data and the target authentication key to the target device. When the laser authentication signal carries the encrypted authentication data and the target authentication key, the target device extracts the encrypted authentication data and the target authentication key from the laser target signal, and decrypts the encrypted authentication data into decrypted authentication data based on the target authentication key. The target device also verifies the validity of the laser target signal based on the decrypted authentication data and the target authentication information.

[0010] In one embodiment, the target shooting device is integrated into a shooting platform, the shooting platform has a unique identifier, the target shooting authentication information is a random challenge code, and the authentication key generation module includes: PUF unit, used to generate PUF code based on the random challenge code; A key unit is used to obtain the unique identifier code and, based on the unique identifier code and the PUF code, generate a target-oriented authentication key with the target format as the key format. Wherein, when the target device extracts the encrypted authentication data and the target authentication key from the laser authentication signal, it verifies whether the key format of the target authentication key is the target format, and if it determines that the key format of the target authentication key is the target format, it decrypts the encrypted authentication data into decrypted authentication data based on the target authentication key.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, this application also provides a target device, which includes a laser receiver, an infrared emitter, and a target-end processor; The laser receiver is used to receive laser targeting signals sent by the targeting equipment; The infrared transmitter is used to transmit an infrared authentication signal to the target firing device when the laser receiver receives the laser target firing signal, wherein the target firing device, upon receiving the infrared authentication signal, determines a laser authentication signal based on the infrared authentication signal and transmits the laser authentication signal to the target device; The laser receiver is also used to receive the laser authentication signal; The target-end processor is used to verify the validity of the laser target-hitting signal based on the laser authentication signal when the laser receiver receives the laser authentication signal.

[0012] In one embodiment, the target-side processor includes a laser signal extraction module, an authentication information generation module, an authentication information encryption module, and a target firing signal verification module; The laser signal extraction module is used to extract the target authentication key from the laser target signal when the laser target signal carries the target authentication key. The authentication information generation module is used to generate target shooting authentication information; The authentication information encryption module is used to encrypt the target shooting authentication information into encrypted authentication data based on the target shooting authentication key. The infrared transmitter is also used to transmit an infrared authentication signal carrying the encrypted authentication data to the target device. When the infrared authentication signal carries the encrypted authentication data, the target device extracts the encrypted authentication data from the infrared authentication signal and decrypts the encrypted authentication data into decrypted authentication data based on the target authentication key. The target device also transmits a laser authentication signal carrying the decrypted authentication data to the target device. The laser signal extraction module is also used to extract the decryption authentication data from the laser authentication signal when the laser authentication signal carries the decryption authentication data; The target firing signal verification module is used to verify the validity of the laser target firing signal based on the decrypted authentication data and the target firing authentication information.

[0013] In one embodiment, the target-side processor further includes a key format verification module; The key format verification module is used to verify whether the key format of the target authentication key is the target format when the laser signal extraction module extracts the target authentication key from the laser target signal. The authentication information generation module is further configured to generate target authentication information when the key format verification module determines that the key format of the target authentication key is the target format.

[0014] In one embodiment, the target-side processor includes an authentication information generation module, a laser signal extraction module, an authentication information decryption module, and a target firing signal verification module; The authentication information generation module is used to generate target authentication information when the laser receiver receives the laser target signal; The infrared transmitter is also used to send an infrared authentication signal carrying the target authentication information to the target shooting device. When the infrared authentication signal carries the target authentication information, the target shooting device extracts the target authentication information from the infrared authentication signal and generates a target authentication key. The target shooting device also encrypts the target authentication information into encrypted authentication data based on the target authentication key and sends a laser authentication signal carrying the encrypted authentication data and the target authentication key to the target device. The laser signal extraction module is used to extract the encrypted authentication data and the target shooting authentication key from the laser target shooting signal when the laser authentication signal carries the encrypted authentication data and the target shooting authentication key. The authentication information decryption module is used to decrypt the encrypted authentication data into decrypted authentication data based on the target shooting authentication key; The target firing signal verification module is used to verify the validity of the laser target firing signal based on the decrypted authentication data and the target firing authentication information.

[0015] In one embodiment, the target-side processor further includes a key format verification module; The key format verification module is used to verify whether the key format of the target authentication key is the target format when the laser signal extraction module extracts the encrypted authentication data and the target authentication key from the laser target signal. The target firing signal verification module is further configured to verify the validity of the laser target firing signal based on the decrypted authentication data and the target firing authentication information, provided that the key format verification module determines that the key format of the target firing authentication key is the target format.

[0016] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this application also provides a shooting platform that integrates the target shooting equipment described above.

[0017] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this application also provides a shooting system, which includes the shooting equipment and target equipment as described above.

[0018] This application effectively solves the technical problem of existing unidirectional shooting devices being susceptible to environmental interference and signal forgery, leading to inaccurate results, by constructing a two-way, closed-loop laser-infrared interactive authentication mechanism. Specifically, the shooting device in this application introduces an infrared feedback and secondary laser verification stage on the basis of traditional laser triggering: when the laser shooting signal emitted by the shooting device is successfully received by the laser receiver of the target device, the target device does not immediately determine a hit, but its infrared transmitter actively sends back an infrared authentication signal; after the infrared authentication signal is received by the infrared receiver of the shooting device, it triggers its laser transmitter to emit a laser authentication signal dynamically generated based on the infrared authentication signal; finally, the target device receives this returned laser authentication signal again through the laser receiver and compares and verifies it. Only when the laser authentication signal matches the expected response is the original hit event confirmed as a valid hit. This three-level closed-loop communication process of "launch-response-reverse verification" not only forms a two-way target authentication at the physical layer, significantly enhancing the system's anti-interference capability against ambient light noise and illegal signal replay, but also ensures that every hit determination undergoes traceable and difficult-to-forge interactive verification, thereby fundamentally eliminating the possibility of false reporting and forging hit results, and achieving a significant improvement in the authenticity and reliability of the results during laser target shooting.

[0019] Crucially, the entire multi-round interaction process of "laser target signal - infrared authentication signal - laser authentication signal" is completed in an extremely short time, typically on the order of microseconds to milliseconds. Within this brief period, the spatial relative position between the target device and the target device remains virtually unchanged. This means that if a target device can accurately aim and successfully project its laser target signal onto the target device in the initial stage, its laser emitter will maintain its original direction during the subsequent reception of the infrared authentication signal and the return of the laser authentication signal. This ensures that the laser authentication signal accurately hits the same target device along its original path without the need for re-aiming. Therefore, even if the infrared authentication signal broadcast by the target device is simultaneously received by multiple neighboring target devices, only the target device that truly achieves precise aiming and successfully triggers the first round of communication can accurately transmit its generated laser authentication signal back to the target device during the reverse authentication phase. Other target devices that are not aligned or have mistakenly received the infrared signal will not be received by the target device, even if they emit laser authentication signals after receiving the infrared authentication signal, because their laser emission direction is not directed towards the target device. This mechanism not only strengthens the two-way identity binding at the physical layer, but also utilizes the consistency of time and space to achieve natural anti-crosstalk and anti-impersonation capabilities, fundamentally eliminating the possibility of false hits and cross-channel forgery of results, and significantly improving the security, fairness and credibility of the shooting equipment in complex application scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the target shooting device provided in the first embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the target shooting device provided in the second embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the target shooting device provided in the third embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the target device structure provided in the fourth embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the target device structure provided in the fifth embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the target device structure provided in the sixth embodiment of this application.

[0023] Explanation of the attached figure numbers: 100. Target shooting equipment; 1. Laser emitter; 2. Infrared receiver; 3. Target shooting end processor; 31. Authentication key generation module; 311. PUF unit; 312. Key unit; 32. Infrared signal extraction module; 33. Authentication information decryption module; 34. Authentication information encryption module. 200. Target device; 4. Laser receiver; 5. Infrared transmitter; 6. Target end processor; 61. Laser signal extraction module; 62. Authentication information generation module; 63. Authentication information encryption module; 64. Target signal verification module; 65. Key format verification module; 66. Authentication information decryption module.

[0024] The purpose, features, and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0025] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0026] Currently, existing target practice equipment typically employs a unidirectional laser signal triggering mechanism. This means the equipment emits a laser signal, which the target device receives and immediately determines a hit, displaying the result. While this method is simple in structure and responds quickly, it is susceptible to ambient light interference, false signal triggering, or signal replay attacks, leading to problems such as false hit reports and falsified hit results.

[0027] Therefore, ensuring the authenticity and validity of laser target shooting results has become a pressing technical problem that needs to be solved in the industry.

[0028] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application embodiment constructs a two-way, closed-loop laser-infrared interactive authentication mechanism, effectively solving the technical problem that existing one-way shooting devices are susceptible to environmental interference and signal forgery, leading to inaccurate results. Specifically, the shooting device in this application embodiment introduces an infrared feedback and secondary laser verification stage on the basis of traditional laser triggering: when the laser shooting signal emitted by the shooting device is successfully received by the laser receiver of the target device, the target device does not immediately determine a hit, but its infrared transmitter actively sends back an infrared authentication signal; after the infrared authentication signal is received by the infrared receiver of the shooting device, it triggers its laser transmitter to emit a laser authentication signal dynamically generated based on the infrared authentication signal; finally, the target device receives this returned laser authentication signal again through the laser receiver and compares and verifies it. Only when the laser authentication signal matches the expected response is the original hit event confirmed as a valid hit, that is, the received laser shooting signal is determined to be valid. This three-level closed-loop communication process of "launch-response-reverse verification" not only forms a two-way target authentication at the physical layer, significantly enhancing the system's anti-interference capability against ambient light noise and illegal signal replay, but also ensures that every hit determination undergoes traceable and difficult-to-forge interactive verification, thereby fundamentally eliminating the possibility of false reporting and forging hit results, and achieving a significant improvement in the authenticity and reliability of the results during laser target shooting.

[0029] Crucially, the entire multi-round interaction process of "laser target signal - infrared authentication signal - laser authentication signal" is completed in an extremely short time, typically on the order of microseconds to milliseconds. Within this brief period, the spatial relative position between the target device and the target device remains virtually unchanged. This means that if a target device can accurately aim and successfully project its laser target signal onto the target device in the initial stage, its laser emitter will maintain its original direction during the subsequent reception of the infrared authentication signal and the return of the laser authentication signal. This ensures that the laser authentication signal accurately hits the same target device along its original path without the need for re-aiming. Therefore, even if the infrared authentication signal broadcast by the target device is simultaneously received by multiple neighboring target devices, only the target device that truly achieves precise aiming and successfully triggers the first round of communication can accurately transmit its generated laser authentication signal back to the target device during the reverse authentication phase. Other target devices that are not aligned or have mistakenly received the infrared signal will not be received by the target device, even if they emit laser authentication signals after receiving the infrared authentication signal, because their laser emission direction is not directed towards the target device. This mechanism not only strengthens the two-way identity binding at the physical layer, but also utilizes the consistency of time and space to achieve natural anti-crosstalk and anti-impersonation capabilities, fundamentally eliminating the possibility of false hits and cross-channel forgery of results, and significantly improving the security, fairness and credibility of the shooting equipment in complex application scenarios.

[0030] To better understand the technical solution of this application, a detailed description will be provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0031] This application presents a first embodiment of a target-shooting device.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the target shooting device provided in the first embodiment of this application.

[0033] In this embodiment, the target shooting device 100 includes a laser emitter 1, an infrared receiver 2, and a target shooting end processor 3; Laser emitter 1 is used to emit laser targeting signals to the target device, wherein, upon receiving the laser targeting signal, the target device sends an infrared authentication signal to the targeting device 100. Infrared receiver 2 is used to receive infrared authentication signals; The target-end processor 3 is used to determine the laser authentication signal based on the infrared authentication signal when the infrared receiver 2 receives the infrared authentication signal; The laser emitter 1 is also used to transmit a laser authentication signal to the target device, wherein the target device verifies the validity of the laser target signal based on the laser authentication signal upon receiving the laser authentication signal.

[0034] It should be noted that the target shooting device 100 refers to a portable or fixed electronic device used to simulate shooting behavior and emit laser signals to the target device for hit determination. It is commonly found in military training, competitive shooting, or virtual reality interactive systems. The target device refers to the terminal device deployed in the shooting area to receive the laser signals emitted by the target shooting device 100 and determine the hit. It is usually fixedly installed at the target position or simulated target location and is the key peer node for achieving closed-loop interactive authentication.

[0035] In this embodiment, the target shooting device 100 includes a laser emitter 1, an infrared receiver 2, and a target shooting segment processor.

[0036] Among them, laser emitter 1 refers to a photoelectric emitting device that can emit visible or near-infrared laser beams with high directionality, high monochromaticity and high coherence. It is usually composed of a laser diode, a collimating lens and a driving circuit, and is mainly used to directionally project laser signals to the target equipment during the target shooting process.

[0037] Infrared receiver 2 refers to a photoelectric detection device used to receive infrared light signals (usually 850 nm or 940 nm). It generally includes an infrared photodiode, a filter and a signal conditioning circuit. It is used to receive the infrared signals transmitted back by the target equipment during the shooting process and convert them into electrical signals for processing by the shooting end processor 3.

[0038] The target-end processor 3 refers to the control and computing unit integrated inside the target-shooting equipment 100. It is usually composed of a microcontroller, digital signal processor or application-specific integrated circuit. It is used to coordinate the working timing of the laser transmitter 1 and the infrared receiver 2, analyze the infrared authentication signal content, and dynamically generate a unique laser authentication signal based on the signal. It is the core control module for realizing the two-way authentication logic.

[0039] The laser target shooting signal refers to the initial laser pulse signal emitted by the laser emitter 1 of the target shooting equipment 100 to simulate a bullet hitting the target surface. It usually contains specific coded information (such as device identifier, timestamp, etc.) to identify the emission source and serve as the triggering basis for subsequent authentication processes.

[0040] Infrared authentication signal refers to an infrared light signal that is actively broadcast by the infrared transmitter of the target device after it successfully receives the laser shooting signal. The signal contains dynamic authentication parameters (such as random number, timestamp, session key or challenge value) and is used to initiate a reverse authentication request to the shooting device 100. This signal is unique and time-sensitive, and is a key intermediate medium for building a closed-loop authentication mechanism.

[0041] The laser authentication signal refers to the secondary laser response signal generated by the target-end processor 3 based on the dynamic parameters in the infrared authentication signal after the target-shooting device 100 receives the infrared authentication signal, using a preset algorithm (such as a hash function, encryption operation, or encoding mapping). Its content is strongly correlated with the infrared authentication signal. The initial laser target-shooting signal is only deemed valid when the target device verifies that the laser authentication signal is consistent with the expected response.

[0042] In this embodiment, the target-shooting device 100 no longer adopts the traditional one-way "fire-and-determine" hit mechanism, but instead introduces a two-way, closed-loop laser-infrared interactive authentication mechanism. This mechanism constructs a complete physical layer authentication closed loop through three key stages: laser target-shooting signal transmission, infrared authentication signal feedback, and laser authentication signal return and verification.

[0043] First, when the user pulls the trigger, the laser emitter 1 of the target firing device 100 emits a laser target firing signal towards the target device. If this signal is successfully captured by the laser receiver of the target device, the target device does not immediately determine a valid hit. Instead, its infrared emitter actively broadcasts an infrared authentication signal containing dynamic authentication parameters. This design fundamentally changes the fragile logic of the traditional system of "passive reception equals confirmation," transforming the hit determination from a one-way trigger to an interactive process that requires cooperation from both parties.

[0044] Secondly, after receiving the infrared authentication signal, the infrared receiver 2 of the shooting device 100 transmits it to the shooting end processor 3. Based on the dynamic parameters (such as a random challenge value) in the infrared authentication signal, the shooting end processor 3 generates a unique laser authentication signal in real time using a built-in algorithm. This process ensures the unpredictability and non-replayability of each authentication response—even if an attacker intercepts and replays a previous laser shooting signal, they cannot forge a laser authentication signal that matches the current infrared authentication signal, thus effectively resisting signal replay attacks.

[0045] Finally, the laser emitter 1 of the target firing device 100 emits the laser authentication signal again. The target device receives this signal through its laser receiver, and the target-side processor compares it with the expected local response. Only when the two match perfectly is the hit confirmed as a valid hit. This verification mechanism not only verifies the authenticity of the laser signal source but also implicitly verifies the continuous spatial alignment capability of the target firing device 100. Crucially, the entire interaction process of "laser target firing signal → infrared authentication signal → laser authentication signal" is completed within microseconds to milliseconds. During this extremely short time, the relative spatial position between the target firing device 100 and the target device remains almost unchanged. This means that only the target firing device 100, which has truly completed the initial precise aiming, can accurately transmit the laser authentication signal back to the same target device along the original optical path in subsequent stages.

[0046] Although the target device may broadcast infrared authentication signals (i.e., multiple nearby target devices 100 can receive them), even if a device not aligned with the target receives the infrared signal and emits a laser authentication signal, its beam will not hit the laser receiver of the target device, and therefore will not be mistakenly judged as a valid hit. This mechanism cleverly utilizes the spatial uniqueness and temporal synchronization of the optical path to achieve natural anti-crosstalk, anti-impersonation, and identity binding capabilities.

[0047] This embodiment effectively solves the technical problem of existing unidirectional laser target shooting systems being susceptible to ambient light interference, false signal triggering, or spoofing attacks, leading to distorted results, by constructing the aforementioned three-level closed-loop authentication process. Specifically: 1. Strong resistance to environmental interference: Since hit detection relies on bidirectional interaction rather than a single laser pulse, stray light from the environment cannot trigger the complete authentication process, significantly reducing the false alarm rate; 2. Anti-counterfeiting and anti-replay: The laser authentication signal is generated based on the dynamic infrared authentication signal, which has timeliness and uniqueness. Attackers cannot forge the signal by recording or copying historical signals. 3. Reliable spatial identity binding: Utilizing spatial consistency under extremely short interaction latency, it ensures that only devices truly aligned with the target can complete authentication, preventing cross-target impersonation; 4. High system fairness and credibility: Every valid hit goes through a traceable and verifiable interaction process, ensuring the fairness and authority of training or competition results.

[0048] In summary, this embodiment not only implements a highly secure target authentication mechanism at the physical layer, but also significantly improves the realism, reliability, and anti-attack capability of the laser target system without significantly increasing system complexity through a clever time-space coupling design, providing solid technical support for high-precision and high-security electronic target applications.

[0049] This embodiment effectively solves the technical problem of existing unidirectional shooting devices 100 being susceptible to environmental interference and signal forgery, leading to inaccurate results, by constructing a two-way, closed-loop laser-infrared interactive authentication mechanism. Specifically, the shooting device 100 in this embodiment introduces an infrared feedback and secondary laser verification stage on the basis of traditional laser triggering: when the laser shooting signal emitted by the shooting device 100 is successfully received by the laser receiver of the target device, the target device does not immediately determine a hit, but its infrared transmitter actively sends back an infrared authentication signal; after the infrared authentication signal is received by the infrared receiver 2 of the shooting device 100, it triggers its laser transmitter 1 to emit a laser authentication signal dynamically generated based on the infrared authentication signal; finally, the target device receives this returned laser authentication signal again through the laser receiver and compares and verifies it. Only when the laser authentication signal matches the expected response is the original hit event confirmed as a valid hit, that is, the received laser shooting signal is determined to be valid. This three-level closed-loop communication process of "launch-response-reverse verification" not only forms a two-way target authentication at the physical layer, significantly enhancing the system's anti-interference capability against ambient light noise and illegal signal replay, but also ensures that every hit determination undergoes traceable and difficult-to-forge interactive verification, thereby fundamentally eliminating the possibility of false reporting and forging hit results, and achieving a significant improvement in the authenticity and reliability of the results during laser target shooting.

[0050] Crucially, the entire multi-round interaction process of "laser target signal - infrared authentication signal - laser authentication signal" is completed in an extremely short time, typically on the order of microseconds to milliseconds. Within this brief period, the spatial relative position between the target device 100 and the target device remains virtually unchanged. This means that if a target device 100 can accurately aim and successfully project the laser target signal onto the target device in the initial stage, its laser emitter 1 will maintain its original direction during the subsequent reception of the infrared authentication signal and the return of the laser authentication signal. This ensures that the laser authentication signal accurately hits the same target device along its original path without the need for re-aiming. Therefore, even if the infrared authentication signal broadcast by the target device may be received simultaneously by multiple neighboring target devices 100, only the target device 100 that has achieved precise aiming and successfully triggered the first round of communication can accurately transmit its generated laser authentication signal back to the target device during the reverse authentication phase. Other target devices 100 that are not aligned or have mistakenly received the infrared signal will not be received by the target device even if they emit laser authentication signals after receiving the infrared authentication signal, because their laser emission direction is not pointing towards the target device. This mechanism not only strengthens the two-way identity binding at the physical layer, but also utilizes the consistency of time and space to achieve natural anti-crosstalk and anti-impersonation capabilities, fundamentally eliminating the possibility of false hits and cross-channel forged results, and significantly improving the security, fairness, and credibility of the target device 100 in complex application scenarios.

[0051] Based on the first embodiment described above, this application proposes a second embodiment of a shooting device.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the target shooting device provided in the second embodiment of this application.

[0053] In the second embodiment of this application, the same or similar content as in the above embodiments can be referred to the above description, and will not be repeated hereafter.

[0054] In this embodiment, the target-shooting processor 3 includes an authentication key generation module 31, an infrared signal extraction module 32, and an authentication information decryption module 33; The authentication key generation module 31 is used to generate the target shooting authentication key; The laser emitter 1 is also used to transmit a laser target signal carrying a target authentication key to the target device. When the laser target signal carries a target authentication key, the target device extracts the target authentication key from the laser target signal and generates target authentication information. The target device also encrypts the target authentication information into encrypted authentication data based on the target authentication key and sends an infrared authentication signal carrying the encrypted authentication data to the target device 100. The infrared signal extraction module 32 is used to extract encrypted authentication data from the infrared authentication signal when the infrared authentication signal carries encrypted authentication data. The authentication information decryption module 33 is used to decrypt encrypted authentication data into decrypted authentication data based on the target shooting authentication key; The laser emitter 1 is also used to emit a laser authentication signal carrying decryption authentication data to the target device. When the laser authentication signal carries decryption authentication data, the target device extracts the decryption authentication data from the laser authentication signal and verifies the validity of the laser target signal based on the decryption authentication data and the target shooting authentication information.

[0055] It should be noted that the target authentication information refers to a set of structured plaintext data generated by the target device after it successfully receives the laser target signal, which is used to verify the legality of this target interaction. Specifically, it may include metadata such as device identifier, timestamp, session identifier, target number, and random challenge value. As the original credential for subsequent authentication processes, its content must be consistent and verified between the target device 100 and the target device.

[0056] Targeting authentication information refers to a one-time symmetric key (such as a 128-bit random number or a session key derived from a pre-shared key) that is dynamically generated in a single targeting authentication session. This key is used to encrypt or decrypt the targeting authentication information. The key is unique and time-sensitive, and is only valid within the current interaction period. It becomes invalid after the session ends, ensuring that each authentication process is unpredictable and cannot be replayed.

[0057] Encrypted authentication data refers to ciphertext data generated after encrypting the target authentication information based on the target authentication key; this data serves as the payload of the authentication response and is used to securely transmit authentication information in laser or infrared channels, preventing it from being eavesdropped on, tampered with, or forged during transmission.

[0058] Decrypted authentication data refers to the plaintext data restored by the recipient after performing the corresponding decryption operation on the received encrypted authentication data using the correct target shooting authentication key; its content should be completely consistent with the original target shooting authentication information, and it is the key comparison basis for verifying the legality of the authentication response and determining the validity of the laser target shooting signal.

[0059] In this embodiment, the target authentication information is generated by the target device's target-end processor after receiving a laser target signal carrying a target authentication key. The target authentication key is dynamically generated by the authentication key generation module 31 of the target-end processor 3 each time a target action is triggered, and it is encoded into the laser target signal during this target action and transmitted to the target device. The encrypted authentication data is ciphertext data generated by the target device using the target authentication key extracted from the laser target signal to encrypt the target authentication information, and it is encoded into the infrared authentication signal during this authentication process and transmitted to the target device 100. The decrypted authentication data is plaintext data restored by the target device 100's authentication information decryption module 33 using the target authentication key generated during this target action to perform a corresponding decryption operation on the encrypted authentication data extracted from the infrared authentication signal, and it is encoded into the laser authentication signal during this authentication process and transmitted to the target device.

[0060] In this embodiment, the target shooting device 100, based on the three-level closed-loop mechanism of "launch-response-reverse verification" in the first embodiment, further introduces an encryption authentication mechanism based on dynamic keys. This upgrades the original logical verification that relied on signal content matching to two-way identity authentication and data integrity verification based on cryptographic principles, significantly improving the system's anti-attack capability and anti-counterfeiting strength.

[0061] First, when a user triggers a shooting action, the authentication key generation module 31 dynamically generates a unique shooting authentication key, which is then encoded and embedded into the laser shooting signal by the laser emitter 1 and emitted together. This design ensures that each shooting action has an independent encryption context, preventing attackers from reusing the key to forge signals even if they intercept historical signals, thus fundamentally blocking replay attack paths.

[0062] Secondly, after successfully receiving the laser targeting signal, the target device not only verifies its basic format but also extracts the targeting authentication key. Based on this key, it generates structured targeting authentication information, encapsulates it into encrypted authentication data using an encryption algorithm, and then embeds it into the infrared authentication signal via an infrared transmitter for broadcast back. This process ensures the confidentiality and integrity of the authentication information—even if the infrared signal is intercepted by a third party, the authentication content cannot be deciphered or tampered with.

[0063] Subsequently, after receiving the infrared authentication signal, the infrared receiver 2 of the target shooting device 100 accurately parses the encrypted authentication data and passes it to the authentication information decryption module 33, which uses the locally stored target shooting authentication key to decrypt and restore the decrypted authentication data. This decryption process not only verifies the legitimacy of the infrared signal source (because only the holder of the correct key can successfully decrypt), but also ensures that the authentication information has not been tampered with during transmission.

[0064] Finally, the target firing device 100 uses the decrypted authentication data as a payload and re-emits it as a laser authentication signal via laser emitter 1. Upon receiving this signal, the target device extracts the decrypted authentication data and compares it with its own generated original target authentication information. Only when the two are completely identical is the hit considered a valid hit. This mechanism achieves bidirectional data consistency verification: it verifies that the target firing device 100 can correctly decrypt the target's returned information (proving it possesses a legitimate key and has completed the full interaction), and it also verifies that it can accurately return the original authentication content (proving that the data has not been tampered with and the spatial alignment remains valid).

[0065] Crucially, the entire encryption-decryption-return process is completed within an extremely short latency of microseconds to milliseconds, thus retaining the inherent anti-spoofing capability provided by the temporal-spatial consistency of the first embodiment. Even if multiple shooting devices (100 in total) simultaneously receive the same infrared authentication signal, only the device that has truly completed the initial aiming and possesses the correct shooting authentication key can generate the correct decryption authentication data and accurately project its laser authentication signal back to the original target. Other devices, even if attempting to forge, will fail to decrypt due to key mismatch or be automatically excluded by the system due to optical path offset preventing signal reception.

[0066] This embodiment, building upon the existing high-security closed-loop authentication mechanism, further enhances the overall security and reliability of the system by introducing dynamic keys and encrypted authentication technology. Specifically, a unique, dynamically generated key is used for encryption during each target acquisition process, ensuring that even if an attacker intercepts historical signals, they cannot reproduce or predict the correct authentication data, thus eliminating the possibility of replay attacks and forgery, and significantly enhancing the system's anti-replay and anti-forgery capabilities. Simultaneously, authentication information exists in encrypted form throughout the entire interaction process, preventing eavesdropping, tampering, or injection of false data in man-in-the-middle attacks from the source, ensuring end-to-end data security. Furthermore, this scheme achieves strong two-way identity binding: not only is the target acquisition device 100 required to correctly decrypt the information returned by the target device and accurately return the original authentication content, but the target device is also required to verify the consistency of this information, thus forming a mutually verified trust relationship. It is worth mentioning that despite the added complexity of the encryption and decryption process, the entire system still maintains microsecond-level low latency response, ensuring the effectiveness of spatial alignment and ease of operation. The choice of encryption algorithm is highly flexible, and different levels of encryption algorithms (such as the national standard SM4 or lightweight algorithms) can be selected according to the security requirements of the application scenario, demonstrating good compatibility and scalability.

[0067] In summary, this embodiment deeply integrates cryptographic security mechanisms with physical layer optical path authentication to construct an intelligent shooting authentication system that is both highly secure and reliable without sacrificing fairness. It is particularly suitable for military training, competitive events, and high-security virtual simulation scenarios where the authenticity of scores is strictly required, providing solid technical support for the development of electronic shooting technology towards higher security standards.

[0068] Based on the second embodiment described above, in one feasible implementation, the authentication key generation module 31 includes: PUF unit 311 is used to generate PUF codes; Key unit 312 is used to generate a target authentication key based on the PUF code.

[0069] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the PUF (Physical Unclonable Function) unit refers to a security circuit module integrated into the hardware of the shooting device 100. It utilizes unavoidable microscopic physical differences during chip manufacturing (such as transistor threshold voltage, metal line delay, and other random process deviations) to output a unique and unpredictable response, i.e., a PUF code, under the same stimulus. This PUF code possesses high uniqueness, is uncopyable, and is environmentally sensitive. Even when the same chip is read multiple times, its output exhibits good stability, and the PUF codes between different chips are almost completely independent. Therefore, it can be used as a device-level "digital fingerprint."

[0070] PUF code refers to a binary sequence generated by PUF unit 311 under specific input excitation, which characterizes the physical characteristics of the shooting device 100. It is usually processed by error correction coding (such as fuzz extractor) to improve reliability and is used as the entropy source for key generation.

[0071] Key unit 312 refers to the functional module in the target processor 3 used to execute the key derivation algorithm. It receives the stabilized PUF code as the seed entropy source and combines it with the current session context (such as timestamp, device identifier or random number) to generate a target authentication key that meets the cryptographic strength requirements through the key derivation function (KDF), ensuring that the key for each session originates from the inherent characteristics of the device and has the ability to change dynamically.

[0072] This implementation achieves high security, strong binding, and no-storage characteristics for the target authentication key by introducing a PUF-based key generation mechanism. Specifically, since the PUF code originates from the chip's physical structure, it cannot be copied, cloned, or reverse engineered externally. Therefore, even if an attacker physically obtains the target device 100, they cannot extract the root key used to generate historical or future keys. Furthermore, the target authentication key is not statically stored in non-volatile memory, but is generated in real-time on demand during each authentication and discarded immediately after use, fundamentally eliminating the risk of key theft through side-channel attacks, memory dumps, or firmware tampering.

[0073] Furthermore, because the PUF code is inherently bound to a specific device, the authentication key generated by each shooting device is unique to that device, effectively preventing unauthorized devices from impersonating legitimate terminals to participate in shooting interactions.

[0074] More importantly, this mechanism does not rely on external security elements, significantly reducing hardware costs and system complexity, while maintaining seamless compatibility with the encryption authentication processes of the second and third embodiments.

[0075] In summary, this implementation method not only significantly improves the security level of the key generation process, but also enhances the system's resistance to physical attacks and the credibility of device identity while ensuring authentication reliability through the design paradigm of "physically unclonable + dynamic derivation + zero storage", providing an innovative solution for underlying key management of high-security electronic shooting systems.

[0076] Based on the second embodiment described above, in one feasible implementation, the target shooting device 100 is integrated into the shooting platform, the shooting platform has a unique identification code, and the authentication key generation module 31 includes: PUF unit 311 is used to generate PUF codes; Key unit 312 is used to obtain a unique identifier and generate a target authentication key with the target format based on the unique identifier and PUF code. Among them, when the target device extracts the target authentication key from the laser target signal, it verifies whether the key format of the target authentication key is the target format, and generates target authentication information if it determines that the key format of the target authentication key is the target format.

[0077] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the shooting platform refers to the physical carrier used to support the target shooting equipment 100. It can be a simulated firearm, a training stand, a VR interactive controller, an aircraft, or a fixed shooting platform, etc. As the main body for target shooting, it usually has independent identity attributes.

[0078] A unique identifier is a globally unique identification code pre-programmed or embedded in the firing platform, such as a UUID (Universally Unique Identifier), device serial number, or manufacturer-assigned identifier. It is used to identify the firing platform's identity in the entire target practice system and is tamper-proof and valid indefinitely.

[0079] The target format refers to a predefined key structure specification, such as a specific length (e.g., 128 bits), a specific check bit pattern (e.g., the last 4 bits are platform type identifiers), or a composite structure containing a hash fragment of the platform's unique identifier code. This format is uniformly defined by the system and is used to achieve rapid verification of key legitimacy and source credibility.

[0080] In this implementation, the target authentication key no longer relies solely on the PUF code for generation. Instead, it integrates the device's physical characteristics (PUF code) and platform identity attributes (unique identifier), and is derived through key unit 312. This ensures that the generated key is both unclonable and inherently bound to a specific firing platform. Upon receiving the laser target signal, the target device first parses the target authentication key and verifies its conformity to the "target format" according to preset rules—for example, checking whether the key length, checksum, or embedded identifier fragment matches the characteristics of a legitimate firing platform. Only when the format verification passes is the target authentication request considered to originate from an authorized device, thus generating target authentication information and initiating the subsequent encrypted authentication process.

[0081] Based on the first embodiment described above, this application proposes a third embodiment of a target shooting device.

[0082] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the target shooting device provided in the third embodiment of this application.

[0083] In the third embodiment of this application, the same or similar content as the above embodiments can be referred to the above description, and will not be repeated hereafter.

[0084] In this embodiment, the target-shooting processor 3 includes an authentication key generation module 31, an infrared signal extraction module 32, and an authentication information encryption module 6334; Infrared signal extraction module 32 is used to extract the target authentication information from the infrared authentication signal when the infrared authentication signal carries the target authentication information. The authentication key generation module 31 is used to generate the target shooting authentication key; The authentication information encryption module 6334 is used to encrypt the target shooting authentication information into encrypted authentication data based on the target shooting authentication key; The laser emitter 1 is also used to transmit a laser authentication signal carrying encrypted authentication data and a target authentication key to the target device. When the laser authentication signal carries encrypted authentication data and a target authentication key, the target device extracts the encrypted authentication data and the target authentication key from the laser target signal, and decrypts the encrypted authentication data into decrypted authentication data based on the target authentication key. The target device also verifies the validity of the laser target signal based on the decrypted authentication data and the target authentication information.

[0085] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the target authentication information is information generated by the target-end processor and embedded in the infrared authentication signal after the target device receives the initial laser target signal, and then transmitted back to the target device 100. The target authentication key is a key dynamically generated by the target-end processor 3 after receiving the infrared authentication signal and embedded in the laser authentication signal before being transmitted to the target device. The encrypted authentication data is ciphertext data generated by the target device 100 using the target authentication key to encrypt the target authentication information extracted from the infrared signal, and then embedded in the laser authentication signal before being transmitted to the target device. The decrypted authentication data is the plaintext data restored by the target device after receiving the laser authentication signal and decrypting the encrypted authentication data using the target authentication key carried within it.

[0086] Compared to the second embodiment, this embodiment, while inheriting the "laser-infrared-laser" three-level closed-loop interaction architecture of the first embodiment, innovatively adjusts the encryption direction in the authentication process: the encryption operation is moved from the target end to the firing end. Specifically, after receiving the plaintext firing authentication information from the target device, the firing device 100 autonomously generates a key and completes the encryption, then sends the key and ciphertext back together. This design enables flexible reconfiguration of the authentication logic, optimizing system resource allocation and implementation complexity while ensuring security.

[0087] Specifically, when the target device receives the laser targeting signal for the first time, it no longer performs encryption operations, but directly generates target authentication information in plaintext and broadcasts it through the infrared channel. This method reduces the computational burden on the target device, and is particularly suitable for deploying a large number of low-cost target terminals with limited computing power. After the target device 100 captures this information through the infrared receiver 2, the infrared signal extraction module 32 accurately parses the target authentication information and triggers the authentication key generation module 31 to dynamically create a target authentication key that is only valid for this session. Subsequently, the authentication information encryption module 6334 uses this key to encrypt the target authentication information and generate encrypted authentication data.

[0088] The key is that when the target firing device 100 generates the laser authentication signal, it simultaneously embeds the encrypted authentication data and the target firing authentication key into the same laser pulse and sends it back to the target device. Upon receiving this composite signal, the target device first extracts the target firing authentication key, then uses it to decrypt the encrypted authentication data to obtain the decrypted authentication data, and compares it with its own initially generated target firing authentication information. Only when the two are completely identical is the hit confirmed as valid.

[0089] The mechanism works as follows: although the infrared authentication signal is broadcast in plaintext, even if an attacker intercepts this information, they cannot forge a valid laser authentication signal—because they cannot predict the dynamic key subsequently generated by the target device 100, nor can they construct matching encrypted authentication data. The target device 100 completes key generation, encryption, and transmission in a very short time, ensuring that the entire process remains spatially aligned, maintaining the inherent anti-impersonation capability provided by the "time-space consistency" in the first embodiment. Even if multiple target devices 100 receive the same infrared authentication signal, only the device that has truly completed the initial aiming can transmit a laser authentication signal containing a legitimate key and ciphertext in the correct direction. Other devices, even if attempting to imitate, will fail to receive the signal due to optical path offset or decryption failure due to key mismatch, and will be automatically excluded by the system.

[0090] This embodiment moves the encryption operation to the target device and adopts a hybrid authentication mode of "plaintext authentication information + dynamic key + ciphertext feedback," which significantly optimizes the energy efficiency and scalability of the overall system architecture while maintaining high security. On the one hand, the target device does not need to perform encryption operations, reducing hardware costs and power consumption, making it particularly suitable for deployment scenarios of large-scale, low-cost target arrays. On the other hand, the target device 100 dynamically generates keys and encrypts authentication information, ensuring that even if the infrared channel is monitored, attackers cannot forge a valid secondary response, effectively resisting replay, tampering, and impersonation attacks. Simultaneously, since both the key and ciphertext are generated locally and synchronously fed back by the target device 100, the target device only needs to perform one decryption and comparison operation, making the logic simple and the verification reliable. The entire process still maintains microsecond-level interaction latency, fully preserving the physical constraints of spatial alignment, ensuring that only devices that actually hit the target can complete the full authentication loop.

[0091] In summary, this embodiment achieves a good balance between security, practicality, and economy, providing an efficient and feasible technical solution for the security certification of high-density, high-concurrency, and low-cost electronic shooting systems.

[0092] Based on the third embodiment described above, in one feasible implementation, the authentication key generation module 31 includes: PUF unit 311 is used to generate PUF codes; Key unit 312 is used to generate a target authentication key based on the PUF code.

[0093] The technical effects of this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment under the second embodiment, and will not be described again here.

[0094] Furthermore, in one feasible implementation, the target authentication information is a random challenge code, and the PUF unit 311 is also used to generate a PUF code based on the random challenge code.

[0095] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the random challenge code refers to a one-time value (such as a 64-bit random number) randomly generated by the target device after receiving the initial laser target signal. This value serves as the dynamic challenge value for this authentication session and is embedded in the infrared authentication signal and sent back to the target device 100. It is used as PUF excitation to enhance the unpredictability of the PUF response (i.e., the PUF code).

[0096] In this embodiment, the PUF unit 311 operates in an "incentive-response" mode: its input includes not only an internal physical entropy source, but also an external random challenge code as an incentive, and its output is a PUF response strongly correlated with the challenge, thereby realizing the dynamic change of the PUF code for each session and avoiding the replay risk that may be caused by static PUF output.

[0097] Based on the third embodiment described above, in one feasible implementation, the target shooting device 100 is integrated into the shooting platform, the shooting platform has a unique identification code, the target shooting authentication information is a random challenge code, and the authentication key generation module 31 includes: PUF unit 311 is used to generate PUF codes based on random challenge codes; Key unit 312 is used to obtain a unique identifier and generate a target authentication key with the target format based on the unique identifier and PUF code. In this process, the target device extracts encrypted authentication data and a target authentication key from the laser authentication signal, verifies whether the key format of the target authentication key is the target format, and, if the key format of the target authentication key is determined to be the target format, decrypts the encrypted authentication data into decrypted authentication data based on the target authentication key.

[0098] In this embodiment, the target device first broadcasts a random challenge code (as target authentication information) to the firing device 100. Upon receiving this code, the firing device 100 uses it as an incentive input to the PUF unit 311, generating a dynamic PUF code strongly bound to this session. Combined with the unique identifier of the firing platform, the key unit 312 derives a target authentication key conforming to the target format, and uses this key to encrypt the random challenge code to obtain encrypted authentication data. Finally, the firing device 100 transmits the target authentication key and the encrypted authentication data back via a laser authentication signal. Upon receiving this, the target device first verifies whether the key format is compliant—if it does not conform to the target format (e.g., incorrect length, mismatched identifier), it directly refuses decryption to prevent unauthorized devices from forging the key; if the format is correct, it uses the key to attempt decryption, and successfully restoring the original random challenge code is considered successful authentication.

[0099] The last feasible implementation method under the second embodiment of this application, and the last feasible implementation method under the third embodiment, both enhance the device identity trustworthiness and key legitimacy verification capabilities on the basis of PUF hardware security by introducing a unique identification code of the shooting platform and a target format key verification mechanism. On the one hand, embedding platform identity information into the key generation process makes the target authentication key naturally bound to a specific legitimate device. Even if an attacker copies the PUF circuit or steals the algorithm logic, they will not be able to generate a compliant key on an unauthorized platform. On the other hand, the target device can quickly filter illegal requests through lightweight format verification (without complete decryption or complex calculations), significantly improving the system's anti-impersonation and anti-forgery capabilities, and is especially suitable for efficient access control in large-scale deployment scenarios.

[0100] Furthermore, the third embodiment adopts a "random challenge code driven PUF response" design, which makes the PUF output of each session dynamically variable, effectively avoiding the modeling attack or replay risk that static PUF may face.

[0101] Overall, both implementation methods construct a four-tiered security defense system of "hardware uniqueness + identity binding + format compliance + dynamic challenge" without significantly increasing communication overhead and computational latency, greatly improving the identity authentication strength, operational reliability, and management controllability of the electronic shooting system in complex adversarial environments.

[0102] This application presents a target device according to a fourth embodiment.

[0103] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the target device structure provided in the fourth embodiment of this application.

[0104] In the fourth embodiment of this application, the same or similar content as the above embodiments can be referred to the above description, and will not be repeated hereafter.

[0105] In this embodiment, the target device 200 includes a laser receiver 4, an infrared emitter 5, and a target-end processor 6. Laser receiver 4 is used to receive laser targeting signals sent by the targeting equipment; The infrared transmitter 5 is used to transmit an infrared authentication signal to the target device when the laser receiver 4 receives the laser target signal. The target device, upon receiving the infrared authentication signal, determines the laser authentication signal based on the infrared authentication signal and transmits the laser authentication signal to the target device 200. Laser receiver 4 is also used to receive laser authentication signals; The target-end processor 6 is used to verify the validity of the laser target-hitting signal based on the laser authentication signal when the laser receiver 4 receives the laser authentication signal.

[0106] In this embodiment, the target device 200 includes a laser receiver 4, an infrared emitter 5, and a target-end processor 6.

[0107] Among them, the laser receiver 4 refers to the photoelectric sensing module used to detect and capture visible or near-infrared laser pulses. It is usually composed of a PIN (P-type semiconductor, Intrinsic semiconductor, N-type semiconductor) photodiode, avalanche photodiode, or CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor) image sensor, along with a narrowband filter and signal amplification circuit. It has high sensitivity, resistance to ambient light interference, and accurate time resolution, and is used to accurately identify laser target signals and subsequent laser authentication signals.

[0108] Infrared transmitter 5 refers to a transmitting device used to actively broadcast infrared band (typical wavelength is 850 nm or 940 nm) light signals. It is generally composed of infrared LED (Light-Emitting Diode) or infrared laser diode, driving circuit and collimating optical element. After receiving a valid laser target signal, it broadcasts an infrared authentication signal containing dynamic authentication parameters into space. Its coverage can cover multiple nearby target devices and supports a one-to-many feedback mechanism.

[0109] The target-side processor 6 refers to the control and verification unit integrated inside the target device 200. It is usually implemented by a low-power microcontroller, digital signal processor or dedicated logic circuit. It is used to coordinate the working timing of the laser receiver 4 and the infrared transmitter 5, generate dynamic parameters (such as random numbers, timestamps or session identifiers) in the infrared authentication signal, and execute signal parsing and validity verification logic after receiving the laser authentication signal. It is the core decision module for realizing the two-way authentication closed loop.

[0110] The target device 200 provided in this embodiment works in conjunction with the target firing device in the first embodiment to jointly construct a two-way closed-loop authentication mechanism based on a three-level interaction of "laser triggering - infrared feedback - laser verification". This fundamentally changes the one-way fragile logic of the traditional target device 200, which "passively receives and determines a hit", and significantly improves the reliability and security of the system in complex electromagnetic and optical environments.

[0111] Specifically, when the laser receiver 4 of the target device 200 first captures the laser target signal from the target firing device, the target-side processor 6 does not immediately determine it as a valid hit. Instead, it triggers the infrared transmitter 5 to broadcast an infrared authentication signal containing dynamic parameters (such as a random challenge value, timestamp, or session identifier). This design transforms the hit determination from a "single-point event" into an "interactive process requiring cooperation from both parties," making it impossible to complete the full authentication process solely through forged or falsely triggered laser pulses.

[0112] Subsequently, after receiving the infrared authentication signal, the target-shooting device generates a unique laser authentication signal based on the dynamic parameters within it and reflects it back to the target device 200. At this time, the laser receiver 4 of the target device 200 operates again, captures the returned signal, and the target-side processor 6 compares its content with the local expected response—only when the content, timing, and format of the laser authentication signal all conform to preset rules is the initial laser target-shooting signal finally confirmed as valid and judged as a true hit.

[0113] Crucially, the entire interaction process is completed within microseconds to milliseconds. During this extremely short time, the relative spatial position between the firing device and the target device 200 remains almost unchanged. This means that only the firing device that has truly achieved initial precise aiming can accurately transmit the laser authentication signal back along the original optical path to the laser receiver 4 of the same target device 200 in subsequent stages. Even if the infrared authentication signal is broadcast and simultaneously received by multiple neighboring firing devices, any device not aligned with the target, even if attempting to respond, will have its laser authentication signal unable to hit the receiving window of the target device 200, thus being naturally filtered out. This mechanism cleverly utilizes the directionality, spatial uniqueness, and temporal synchronization of light propagation to achieve natural anti-crosstalk, anti-impersonation, and identity binding capabilities.

[0114] Furthermore, since hit determination relies on complete two-way interaction, one-way noise sources such as ambient stray light, sunlight reflection, and laser interference from other training systems cannot trigger infrared feedback or complete secondary verification, thus significantly reducing the false alarm rate. Even if an attacker records and replays historical laser target shooting signals, they cannot obtain the currently valid infrared authentication signal and therefore cannot generate a matching laser authentication signal, effectively resisting replay attacks.

[0115] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the signal coverage of the infrared transmitter 5 is much larger than that of the laser transmitter. To ensure that the authentication signal emitted by the target device 200 can be accurately propagated to the firing device that emitted the laser firing signal and successfully hit the target device 200, the authentication signal is emitted by the infrared transmitter 5 and transmitted to the firing device in the form of an infrared authentication signal carrying the information required for authentication. At the same time, when transmitting the infrared authentication signal, the broadcast direction of the infrared authentication signal can be adjusted according to the direction of the firing device relative to the target device 200 initially determined when the laser firing signal is received, to further ensure that the infrared authentication signal can be received by the correct firing device.

[0116] In summary, this embodiment, by introducing active feedback and secondary verification capabilities on the target device 200 side, not only upgrades the target device 200 from a "passive sensor" to an "active authentication node," but also jointly constructs a highly robust and secure physical layer authentication closed loop with the shooting equipment. This design, without significantly increasing hardware complexity, significantly improves the authenticity of scores, anti-interference capabilities, and anti-cheating level of the electronic shooting system in high-demand scenarios such as military training and competitive events, providing crucial support for building a trustworthy, fair, and reliable intelligent shooting ecosystem.

[0117] Furthermore, in one feasible implementation, the infrared authentication signal is transmitted via frequency hopping spread spectrum.

[0118] As those skilled in the art will know, frequency hopping spread spectrum is a wireless communication anti-interference technology. Its core idea is to rapidly and periodically switch the transmission frequency in a predefined set of infrared carrier frequencies according to a pseudo-random sequence or synchronization timing rules, so that the signal energy is distributed and transmitted over a wider spectrum.

[0119] Although traditional frequency hopping technology is mostly used in radio frequency communication, in this embodiment, its principle is adapted to infrared optical communication scenarios: by modulating the driving current of the infrared transmitter 5 or using a tunable infrared light source (such as a multi-wavelength infrared LED array), the frequency hopping is dynamically switched between multiple discrete infrared center wavelengths (e.g., 850 nm, 870 nm, 890 nm, 910 nm, 940 nm, etc.) according to a predetermined frequency hopping pattern, thereby realizing "optical domain frequency hopping".

[0120] Accordingly, the infrared receiver of the target shooting equipment needs to be equipped with a broadband infrared detector and a synchronous frequency hopping module. The latter predicts the wavelength channel to be received in real time based on the frequency hopping sequence shared with the target equipment 200 (which can be generated based on the device identifier, timestamp, or session key), and, in conjunction with a narrowband filter wheel or digital signal processing algorithm, extracts valid data from the received broadband infrared signal, thereby correctly resolving the infrared authentication signal.

[0121] The technical advantages of this implementation are as follows: First, it significantly improves the ability to resist ambient light interference. Common light sources such as natural light, incandescent lamps, and fluorescent lamps have relatively stable energy distribution in the infrared band, while frequency hopping spread spectrum disperses signal energy across multiple discontinuous wavelengths, making it difficult for background noise on any fixed wavelength to continuously overwhelm the effective signal. Second, it enhances the ability to resist human interference and eavesdropping. If an attacker attempts to implement suppressive interference using a strong infrared light source, they need to cover all possible frequency hopping points simultaneously, significantly increasing the cost and difficulty. If an eavesdropper does not know the frequency hopping sequence, they cannot accurately capture complete authentication information from the mixed infrared background. Third, it improves channel isolation under multi-target coexistence. In a training field with 200 densely deployed target devices, each target can be configured with different frequency hopping sequences or starting phases, effectively avoiding crosstalk between infrared authentication signals and ensuring that the target device only responds to the feedback of the target. Finally, since the frequency hopping pattern can be bound to the target authentication key or the unique identifier of the device, the identity binding and session privacy of the communication link are further strengthened.

[0122] In summary, by introducing frequency hopping spread spectrum technology into the transmission process of infrared authentication signals, this implementation method constructs a short-range optical communication link with high robustness, low probability of interception, and strong anti-interference capabilities at the physical layer. This not only ensures the reliable completion of the two-way authentication process but also provides crucial communication security for high-precision electronic target systems operating in complex electromagnetic and optical environments.

[0123] Based on the fourth embodiment described above, this application proposes a target device according to a fifth embodiment.

[0124] Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the target device structure provided in the fifth embodiment of this application.

[0125] In the fifth embodiment of this application, the same or similar content as in the above embodiments can be referred to the above description, and will not be repeated hereafter.

[0126] In this embodiment, the target-side processor 6 includes a laser signal extraction module 61, an authentication information generation module 62, an authentication information encryption module 6334, and a target firing signal verification module 64; The laser signal extraction module 61 is used to extract the target authentication key from the laser target signal when the laser target signal carries the target authentication key. The authentication information generation module 62 is used to generate target shooting authentication information; The authentication information encryption module 6334 is used to encrypt the target shooting authentication information into encrypted authentication data based on the target shooting authentication key; Infrared transmitter 5 is also used to transmit infrared authentication signals carrying encrypted authentication data to the target equipment. When the infrared authentication signal carries encrypted authentication data, the target equipment 200 extracts the encrypted authentication data from the infrared authentication signal and decrypts the encrypted authentication data into decrypted authentication data based on the target authentication key. The target equipment 200 also transmits laser authentication signals carrying decrypted authentication data to the target equipment 200. The laser signal extraction module 61 is also used to extract the decryption authentication data from the laser authentication signal when the laser authentication signal carries decryption authentication data. The target firing signal verification module 64 is used to verify the validity of the laser target firing signal based on the decrypted authentication data and target firing authentication information.

[0127] In this embodiment, the target device 200 works in conjunction with the shooting device in the second embodiment, forming a closed-loop process of "target end sending key → target end encrypting and transmitting back → target end decrypting and transmitting back plaintext → target end comparing and verifying". Specifically, the target device 200 first captures the laser shooting signal carrying the shooting authentication key through the laser receiver 4, and the laser signal extraction module 61 parses the key; then, the authentication information generation module 62 creates the shooting authentication information for this session, and the authentication information encryption module 6334 uses the key to encrypt it into encrypted authentication data, which is broadcast through the infrared transmitter 5. After receiving it, the shooting device decrypts it to obtain the original authentication information, and transmits it back as decrypted authentication data through the laser authentication signal. The target device 200 again captures the signal through the laser receiver 4, extracts the decrypted authentication data, and the shooting signal verification module 64 performs a consistency comparison with the locally generated shooting authentication information—only when there is a complete match is the hit considered valid.

[0128] The advantages of this embodiment are as follows: the target device 200 has the right to generate and ultimately verify the authentication information, while the encryption operation relies on the dynamic key provided by the target device, achieving forward key confidentiality and two-way trusted data verification. Simultaneously, since the entire process maintains a microsecond-level latency, spatial alignment constraints remain effective, ensuring that only the actual target can complete the closed loop. Furthermore, the target device 200 does not need to store long-term keys, requiring only one encryption and one comparison, making the computational burden manageable and suitable for medium- to high-security scenarios.

[0129] Furthermore, in one feasible implementation, the target-side processor 6 also includes a key format verification module 65; The key format verification module 65 is used to verify whether the key format of the target authentication key is the target format when the laser signal extraction module 61 extracts the target authentication key from the laser target signal. The authentication information generation module 62 is also used to generate target authentication information when the key format verification module 65 determines that the key format of the target authentication key is the target format.

[0130] In this embodiment, after receiving the laser targeting signal, the target device 200 does not immediately enter the authentication process. Instead, it first performs a lightweight structural verification of the targeting authentication key carried by the key format verification module 65. This verification does not require decryption or complex calculations; it only checks whether the key length, specific byte bit pattern, embedded platform type identifier, or checksum conform to preset target format rules. If the format does not conform (e.g., from an unauthorized device, a forged key, or an older version device with an incorrect format), the request is directly discarded, no targeting authentication information is generated, and no infrared feedback is triggered, thereby achieving rapid interception of unauthorized access at the source of the authentication process.

[0131] The technical advantages of this implementation are as follows: Firstly, it significantly improves the efficiency of system access control—the target device 200 can complete format screening within microseconds, avoiding the allocation of computing resources or broadcasting of infrared signals for illegal requests, thus reducing system load and channel conflicts. Secondly, it strengthens the device identity binding capability—because the target format implicitly contains the unique identification features of the legitimate shooting platform (such as the hash digest of the platform ID), only authorized shooting devices that correctly implement the key generation logic can construct a compliant key, effectively preventing cloned devices or software simulators from impersonating legitimate terminals. Furthermore, this design, together with the mechanism in the second embodiment of "the shooting device fusing the PUF code and the unique identifier code to generate the target format key," forms a closed loop, jointly constructing a lightweight trust chain where "format compliance equals identity trustworthiness," balancing security and engineering feasibility.

[0132] Based on the fourth embodiment described above, this application proposes a target device according to a sixth embodiment.

[0133] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the target device structure provided in the sixth embodiment of this application.

[0134] In the sixth embodiment of this application, the same or similar content as the above embodiments can be referred to the above description, and will not be repeated hereafter.

[0135] In this embodiment, the target-side processor 6 includes an authentication information generation module 62, a laser signal extraction module 61, an authentication information decryption module 63, and a target firing signal verification module 64; The authentication information generation module 62 is used to generate target authentication information when the laser receiver 4 receives the laser target signal; Infrared transmitter 5 is also used to send an infrared authentication signal carrying target authentication information to the target shooting equipment. When the infrared authentication signal carries target authentication information, the target shooting equipment extracts the target authentication information from the infrared authentication signal and generates a target authentication key. The target shooting equipment also encrypts the target authentication information into encrypted authentication data based on the target authentication key and sends a laser authentication signal carrying the encrypted authentication data and the target authentication key to the target equipment 200. The laser signal extraction module 61 is used to extract the encrypted authentication data and the target shooting authentication key from the laser shooting signal when the laser authentication signal carries encrypted authentication data and the target shooting authentication key. The authentication information decryption module 63 is used to decrypt encrypted authentication data into decrypted authentication data based on the target shooting authentication key; The target firing signal verification module 64 is used to verify the validity of the laser target firing signal based on the decrypted authentication data and target firing authentication information.

[0136] In this embodiment, the target device 200 cooperates with the shooting device in the third embodiment to form an authentication process of "target end invention challenge → shooting end generates key and encrypts challenge → return key + ciphertext → target end decrypts and verifies". After receiving the initial laser shooting signal, the target device 200 first generates a random challenge code (i.e., shooting authentication information) through the authentication information generation module 62 and broadcasts it in plaintext form via the infrared transmitter 5. Upon receiving this, the shooting device generates a shooting authentication key based on the challenge code, its own PUF response, and the platform's unique identifier. It then uses this key to encrypt the challenge code to obtain encrypted authentication data, and finally encodes the key and ciphertext together into the laser authentication signal for return. The target device 200 simultaneously acquires these two pieces of data through the laser signal extraction module 61. The authentication information decryption module 63 attempts to decrypt the data using the received key, and the shooting signal verification module 64 determines whether the decryption result is equal to the original challenge code.

[0137] The core advantage of this design lies in shifting the computational burden of encryption to the more powerful target device, significantly reducing the hardware requirements of the target device 200. This allows for the use of low-power MCUs or even passive designs, facilitating large-scale, low-cost deployment. Simultaneously, because the key is dynamically generated by the target device based on its physically unclonable characteristics, and the challenge code changes randomly each time, attackers cannot forge legitimate responses even if the infrared channel is monitored. The target device 200 only needs to perform a single lightweight decryption and comparison to complete high-strength authentication. Furthermore, introducing "target format" key verification (such as checking the compliance of the key structure) can enable rapid filtering of illegal requests, improving the overall robustness of the system.

[0138] Furthermore, in one feasible implementation, the target-side processor 6 also includes a key format verification module 65; The key format verification module 65 is used to verify whether the key format of the target authentication key is the target format when the laser signal extraction module 61 extracts the encrypted authentication data and the target authentication key from the laser target signal. The target firing signal verification module 64 is also used to verify the validity of the laser target firing signal based on the decrypted authentication data and the target firing authentication information, provided that the key format verification module 65 determines that the key format of the target firing authentication key is the target format.

[0139] In this embodiment, after receiving the laser authentication signal (containing the targeting authentication key and encrypted authentication data) from the targeting device, the target device 200 first performs target format verification on the targeting authentication key using the key format verification module 65. Subsequent decryption and comparison operations are only allowed if the key structure conforms to preset specifications (such as containing a legitimate platform identifier fragment, correct length, and checksum); otherwise, the interaction is directly deemed invalid, and decryption is refused, preventing attackers from attempting brute-force cracking or injecting forged responses by constructing arbitrary keys.

[0140] The technical effects of this implementation method are reflected in three aspects: Firstly, pre-emptive security filtering—before performing the computationally more expensive decryption operation, obviously illegal keys are excluded through format verification, thereby improving the system's ability to resist DoS attacks and abnormal inputs; Secondly, identity trustworthiness is guaranteed. Because the target format is strongly associated with the unique identifier of the legitimate shooting platform, only shooting equipment that is actually deployed on the authorized platform (whose key is generated by the PUF and the platform ID) can produce compliant keys, thereby ensuring that the terminal participating in the authentication has physical legitimacy. Third, it is deeply integrated with the target-end mechanism of the third embodiment. This implementation method precisely corresponds to the design of "the target device generates a target format key based on a random challenge code, a PUF code and a unique identifier code" in the third embodiment. This allows the target device 200 to achieve efficient initial identity screening based solely on the key format without storing a device whitelist or a long-term key, thus significantly reducing management overhead.

[0141] Crucially, based on the original lightweight architecture of the sixth embodiment where "the target only needs to be decrypted once", the addition of format verification does not significantly increase latency or power consumption, but greatly enhances the system's anti-counterfeiting capabilities and deployment flexibility, making it particularly suitable for large-scale, low-power target array scenarios.

[0142] The two detailed implementation methods described above introduce a key format verification module 65 into the target device in the fifth and sixth embodiments, respectively. Through lightweight structure verification, the identity of the target device is quickly initially determined. This not only forms an end-to-end technical closed loop with the respective target device implementation methods, but also builds a hierarchical security defense line of "format compliance → identity trustworthiness → authentication execution" without sacrificing performance. This provides an efficient and robust implementation path for high-concurrency and high-security electronic target shooting systems.

[0143] Furthermore, based on the fifth or sixth embodiment described above, in one feasible implementation, the target signal verification module 64 is further used for: If the decrypted authentication data matches the target firing authentication information, the laser target firing signal is determined to be a valid signal. And / or, if the decrypted authentication data is inconsistent with the target firing authentication information, the laser target firing signal is determined to be an invalid signal.

[0144] In this embodiment, the laser target signal verification module 64 is uniformly configured to perform the validity determination of the laser target signal based on content consistency: specifically, when the decryption authentication data and the target authentication information are completely consistent at the bit level, the laser target signal verification module 64 determines that the laser target signal is a valid signal; otherwise, if there is any difference between the two—including but not limited to decryption failure due to key error, data tampering, replay of old session data, response misalignment caused by optical path misalignment, or illegal response forged by an attacker—then the laser target signal is determined to be an invalid signal.

[0145] This implementation does not depend on which party performs the encryption operation (i.e., whether encryption occurs at the target end as in the fifth embodiment or at the target execution end as in the sixth embodiment). Instead, it focuses on the final verification result of the authentication loop, using "whether the decrypted content equals the original generated content" as the sole and universal validity criterion, thus achieving universal adaptability to both types of technical paths. This design not only ensures clear, auditable, and unambiguous decision-making logic, meeting the stringent requirements for the authority of results in high-reliability application scenarios, but also inherently possesses resistance to forgery, replay, and man-in-the-middle attacks—because attackers cannot obtain dynamically generated target authentication information, nor can they construct a response that can be correctly decrypted and matched with the original information without a legitimate key. Furthermore, this consistency verification requires only one lightweight data comparison operation, with low computational complexity and fast execution speed, enabling efficient implementation on various resource-constrained target devices 200 without affecting the overall microsecond-level interaction timing of the system.

[0146] As the final gatekeeper mechanism in the entire two-way closed-loop authentication process, this implementation method can be organically integrated with pre-security measures such as key format verification, PUF binding, and frequency hopping spread spectrum to jointly construct a logically rigorous, traceable, and difficult-to-forge highly reliable target assessment system, providing solid technical support for application scenarios such as military training and competitive sports where the authenticity of results is strictly required.

[0147] It should be noted that the above embodiments / implementations are only used to assist in understanding this application and do not constitute a limitation on this application. Any simple modifications based on this technical concept are within the protection scope of this application.

[0148] In addition, this application also provides a shooting platform that integrates the target shooting equipment described in the first, second, or third embodiments.

[0149] The shooting platform provided in this application embodiment can ensure the authenticity and validity of laser target shooting results. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the shooting platform provided in this application embodiment are the same as the beneficial effects of the target shooting equipment provided in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0150] In addition, this application also provides a shooting system, including the shooting device in the first embodiment and the target device in the fourth embodiment, the shooting device in the second embodiment and the target device in the fifth embodiment, or the shooting device in the third embodiment and the target device in the fifth embodiment.

[0151] The target shooting system provided in this application embodiment can ensure the authenticity and validity of laser target shooting results. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the target shooting system provided in this application embodiment are the same as the beneficial effects of the target shooting equipment or target equipment provided in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0152] The above description is only a part of the embodiments of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. All equivalent structural transformations made under the technical concept of this application and using the contents of the specification and drawings of this application, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included in the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A targeting device, characterized in that, The targeting device comprises a laser transmitter, an infrared receiver and a targeting end processor; The laser transmitter is configured to transmit a laser targeting signal to a target device, wherein the target device transmits an infrared authentication signal to the targeting device upon receiving the laser targeting signal; The infrared receiver is configured to receive the infrared authentication signal; The targeting end processor is configured to determine a laser authentication signal based on the infrared authentication signal upon the infrared receiver receiving the infrared authentication signal; The laser transmitter is further configured to transmit the laser authentication signal to the target device, wherein the target device verifies validity of the laser targeting signal based on the laser authentication signal upon receiving the laser authentication signal.

2. The targeting device of claim 1, wherein, The targeting end processor comprises an authentication key generation module, an infrared signal extraction module and an authentication information decryption module; The authentication key generation module is configured to generate a targeting authentication key; The laser transmitter is further configured to transmit a laser targeting signal carrying the targeting authentication key to the target device, wherein the target device extracts the targeting authentication key from the laser targeting signal and generates targeting authentication information upon the laser targeting signal carrying the targeting authentication key, and the target device further encrypts the targeting authentication information into encrypted authentication data based on the targeting authentication key and transmits an infrared authentication signal carrying the encrypted authentication data to the targeting device; The infrared signal extraction module is configured to extract the encrypted authentication data from the infrared authentication signal upon the infrared authentication signal carrying the encrypted authentication data; The authentication information decryption module is configured to decrypt the encrypted authentication data into decrypted authentication data based on the targeting authentication key; The laser transmitter is further configured to transmit a laser authentication signal carrying the decrypted authentication data to the target device, wherein the target device extracts the decrypted authentication data from the laser authentication signal upon the laser authentication signal carrying the decrypted authentication data, and verifies validity of the laser targeting signal based on the decrypted authentication data and the targeting authentication information.

3. The targeting device of claim 2, wherein, The targeting device is integrated into a shooting platform, the shooting platform has a unique identification code, and the authentication key generation module comprises: A PUF unit configured to generate a PUF code; A key unit configured to obtain the unique identification code, and generate a targeting authentication key in a target format based on the unique identification code and the PUF code; Wherein, the target device verifies whether the key format of the targeting authentication key is the target format upon extracting the targeting authentication key from the laser targeting signal, and generates targeting authentication information upon determining that the key format of the targeting authentication key is the target format.

4. The targeting device of claim 1, wherein, The targeting end processor comprises an authentication key generation module, an infrared signal extraction module and an authentication information encryption module; The infrared signal extraction module is configured to extract the shooting authentication information from the infrared authentication signal when the infrared authentication signal carries the shooting authentication information. The authentication key generation module is configured to generate a shooting authentication key. The authentication information encryption module is configured to encrypt the shooting authentication information into encrypted authentication data based on the shooting authentication key. The laser transmitter is further configured to transmit a laser authentication signal carrying the encrypted authentication data and the shooting authentication key to the target device, wherein the target device extracts the encrypted authentication data and the shooting authentication key from the laser shooting signal when the laser authentication signal carries the encrypted authentication data and the shooting authentication key, and decrypts the encrypted authentication data into decrypted authentication data based on the shooting authentication key, and further verifies validity of the laser shooting signal based on the decrypted authentication data and the shooting authentication information.

5. The targeting device of claim 4, wherein, The shooting device is integrated into a shooting platform, the shooting platform has a unique identification code, the shooting authentication information is a random challenge code, and the authentication key generation module includes: a PUF unit configured to generate a PUF code based on the random challenge code; a key unit configured to obtain the unique identification code, and generate a shooting authentication key in a target format based on the unique identification code and the PUF code; wherein the target device verifies whether the key format of the shooting authentication key is the target format when the encrypted authentication data and the shooting authentication key are extracted from the laser authentication signal, and decrypts the encrypted authentication data into decrypted authentication data based on the shooting authentication key when it is determined that the key format of the shooting authentication key is the target format.

6. A target device, characterized by The target device includes a laser receiver, an infrared transmitter, and a target end processor. The laser receiver is configured to receive a laser shooting signal transmitted by the shooting device. The infrared transmitter is configured to transmit an infrared authentication signal to the shooting device when the laser receiver receives the laser shooting signal, wherein the shooting device determines a laser authentication signal based on the infrared authentication signal when the infrared authentication signal is received, and transmits the laser authentication signal to the target device. The laser receiver is further configured to receive the laser authentication signal. The target end processor is configured to verify validity of the laser shooting signal based on the laser authentication signal when the laser receiver receives the laser authentication signal.

7. The target apparatus of claim 6, wherein, The target end processor includes a laser signal extraction module, an authentication information generation module, an authentication information encryption module, and a shooting signal verification module. The laser signal extraction module is configured to extract the shooting authentication key from the laser shooting signal when the laser shooting signal carries the shooting authentication key. The authentication information generation module is configured to generate shooting authentication information. The authentication information encryption module is configured to encrypt the shooting authentication information into encrypted authentication data based on the shooting authentication key. The shooting signal verification module is configured to verify validity of the laser shooting signal based on the encrypted authentication data and the shooting authentication information. The infrared emitter is further configured to emit an infrared authentication signal carrying the encrypted authentication data to the shooting device, wherein the target device extracts the encrypted authentication data from the infrared authentication signal when the infrared authentication signal carries the encrypted authentication data, and decrypts the encrypted authentication data into decrypted authentication data based on the shooting authentication key, and the target device further emits a laser authentication signal carrying the decrypted authentication data to the target device; The laser signal extraction module is further configured to extract the decrypted authentication data from the laser authentication signal when the laser authentication signal carries the decrypted authentication data; The shooting signal verification module is configured to verify the validity of the laser shooting signal based on the decrypted authentication data and the shooting authentication information.

8. The target apparatus of claim 7, wherein, The target end processor further comprises a key format verification module; The key format verification module is configured to verify whether the key format of the shooting authentication key is a target format when the laser signal extraction module extracts the shooting authentication key from the laser shooting signal; The authentication information generation module is further configured to generate shooting authentication information when the key format verification module determines that the key format of the shooting authentication key is the target format.

9. The target apparatus of claim 6, wherein, The target end processor comprises an authentication information generation module, a laser signal extraction module, an authentication information decryption module, and a shooting signal verification module; The authentication information generation module is configured to generate shooting authentication information when the laser receiver receives the laser shooting signal; The infrared emitter is further configured to emit an infrared authentication signal carrying the encrypted authentication data to the shooting device, wherein the target device extracts the encrypted authentication data from the infrared authentication signal when the infrared authentication signal carries the encrypted authentication data, and decrypts the encrypted authentication data into decrypted authentication data based on the shooting authentication key, and the target device further emits a laser authentication signal carrying the decrypted authentication data to the target device; The laser signal extraction module is further configured to extract the encrypted authentication data and the shooting authentication key from the laser shooting signal when the laser authentication signal carries the encrypted authentication data and the shooting authentication key; The authentication information decryption module is configured to decrypt the encrypted authentication data into decrypted authentication data based on the shooting authentication key; The shooting signal verification module is configured to verify the validity of the laser shooting signal based on the decrypted authentication data and the shooting authentication information.

10. The target apparatus of claim 9, wherein, The target end processor further comprises a key format verification module; The key format verification module is configured to verify whether the key format of the shooting authentication key is a target format when the laser signal extraction module extracts the encrypted authentication data and the shooting authentication key from the laser shooting signal; The key format verification module is configured to verify whether the key format of the shooting authentication key is a target format when the laser signal extraction module extracts the encrypted authentication data and the shooting authentication key from the laser shooting signal; The targeting signal checking module is further configured to check validity of the laser targeting signal based on the decrypted authentication data and the targeting authentication information, in a case where the key format verification module determines that the key format of the targeting authentication key is a target format.

11. A shooting platform, characterized in that The shooting platform integrates the targeting device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5.

12. A targeting system characterized in that, The targeting system comprises the targeting device as claimed in claim 1 and the target device as claimed in claim 6, or the targeting device as claimed in claim 2 or 3 and the target device as claimed in claim 7 or 8, or the targeting device as claimed in claim 4 or 5 and the target device as claimed in claim 9 or 10. The targeting system comprises the targeting device as claimed in claim 1 and the target device as claimed in claim 6, or the targeting device as claimed in claim 2 or 3 and the target device as claimed in claim 7 or 8, or the targeting device as claimed in claim 4 or 5 and the target device as claimed in claim 9 or 10.

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