Fuel cell and heat pump combined power and heat generation system

Abstract

This invention discloses a combined fuel cell and heat pump power generation and heat production system. The system includes: a fuel cell with a hydrogen flow channel, an air flow channel, and a coolant flow channel; a first inlet pipe with its outlet end connected to the inlet end of the hydrogen flow channel; a condenser having a third flow channel and a fourth flow channel; a hydrogen catalytic burner with its inlet end connected to the inlet end of the first inlet pipe via a first branch pipe; a first heat exchanger including a first channel and a second channel, one end of the first channel being connected to the outlet end of the hydrogen catalytic burner, the second channel being connected in series with a water inlet pipe, and the other end of the water inlet pipe being connected to the liquid inlet end of the fourth flow channel; and a second heat exchanger including a third channel and a fourth channel, one end of the third channel being connected to the outlet end of the hydrogen catalytic burner, and the inlet end of the fourth channel being connected to the outlet end of the fourth flow channel. The combined fuel cell and heat pump power generation and heat production system of this invention broadens the range of heat production ratios for combined fuel cell and heat pump systems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fuel cell combined heat and power technology, and in particular to a fuel cell and heat pump combined power generation and heat production system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most fuel cell and heat pump combined power generation and heat production systems rely solely on the heat energy generated by the fuel cell and the heat pump circulation device for heat production. However, the relative ratio of fuel cell power generation to heat production is limited, while the relative ratio of heat consumption in industrial scenarios is very large. Therefore, it is difficult to fully adapt to all heat consumption needs by relying solely on fuel cells or heat pumps. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a combined fuel cell and heat pump power generation and heat production system, which is no longer limited by the inherent characteristics of the fuel cell and heat pump cycles, thereby broadening the range of heat production ratios of the combined fuel cell and heat pump system and improving its heat utilization adaptability.

[0004] According to the present invention, a fuel cell and heat pump combined power generation and heat production system includes: a fuel cell system, comprising: a fuel cell and a first inlet pipe, wherein the fuel cell is used to electrochemically react hydrogen with oxygen in the air to convert it into electrical energy and heat energy, and the fuel cell is provided with a hydrogen flow channel, an air flow channel and a coolant flow channel, the outlet end of the first inlet pipe is connected to the inlet end of the hydrogen flow channel, and the inlet end is adapted to be connected to a hydrogen gas source; a heat pump circulation system, connected to the fuel cell, for collecting the heat energy and converting the heat energy into high-temperature steam, the heat pump circulation system comprising: a circulation pipeline, an evaporator, a condenser and a first compressor, the evaporator including a first flow channel and a second flow channel for mutual heat exchange, the condenser having a third flow channel and a fourth flow channel, the first flow channel being connected in series with the coolant flow channel, and the first compressor, the second flow channel and the third flow channel being all connected in series with the circulation pipeline; a hydrogen catalytic converter; and a heat pump circulation system. A chemical combustion system includes: a first branch pipe and a hydrogen catalytic burner, wherein the inlet end of the hydrogen catalytic burner is connected to the inlet end of the first inlet pipe through the first branch pipe, and the hydrogen catalytic burner is used to catalytically combust hydrogen and air to generate high-temperature gas; a first heat exchanger and a water inlet pipe, wherein the first heat exchanger includes a first channel and a second channel for mutual heat exchange, one end of the first channel is connected to the outlet end of the hydrogen catalytic burner, the second channel is connected in series with the water inlet pipe, one end of the water inlet pipe is adapted to be connected to an external water source, and the other end is connected to the liquid inlet end of the fourth flow channel; and a second heat exchanger, wherein the second heat exchanger includes a third channel and a fourth channel for mutual heat exchange, one end of the third channel is connected to the outlet end of the hydrogen catalytic burner, the inlet end of the fourth channel is connected to the outlet end of the fourth flow channel, and the outlet end of the fourth channel is adapted to be connected to a user end.

[0005] According to the fuel cell and heat pump combined power generation and heat production system of the present invention, by setting up a hydrogen catalytic combustion system, the heat production of the fuel cell and heat pump combined power generation and heat production system of this embodiment is no longer limited by the characteristics of the fuel cell and heat pump cycle itself, thereby broadening the range of heat production ratio of the fuel cell and heat pump combined system and improving the heat use adaptability; in addition, since the time constant of the hydrogen catalytic burner is relatively small, the dynamic response capability of the fuel cell and heat pump combined system can also be increased.

[0006] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the hydrogen catalytic combustion system further includes: a first control valve, which is disposed on the first branch pipe and / or the first inlet pipe and is configured to allow the inlet end of the first inlet pipe to be switchably connected to the hydrogen flow channel through the outlet end of the first inlet pipe and / or connected to the hydrogen catalytic burner through the first branch pipe.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the hydrogen catalytic combustion system further includes: a second control valve, a third control valve, and a fourth control valve. The second control valve is arranged between the third channel and / or the fourth channel and the outlet end of the hydrogen catalytic burner, and is used to regulate the flow rate of the high-temperature gas entering the third channel and the fourth channel. The third control valve and the fourth control valve are respectively connected to the outlet ends of the third channel and the fourth channel, and are respectively used to regulate the pressure of the high-temperature gas in the third channel and the fourth channel.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the fuel cell system further includes: an ejector connected in series on the first intake pipe, and a first branch pipe connected between the intake end of the first intake pipe and the ejector; a first exhaust pipe, one end of which is connected to the outlet end of the hydrogen flow channel, and the other end of which is connected to the ejector; and a first gas-liquid separator connected in series on the first exhaust pipe for gas-liquid separation.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the hydrogen catalytic combustion system further includes: a mixer connected in series on the first branch pipe, wherein the inlet end of the mixer is connected to the outlet end of the gas-liquid separator.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the fuel cell system further includes: a second compressor, a motor, an air expander, a second intake pipe, a second exhaust pipe, a humidification module, and a second gas-liquid separator. One end of the second intake pipe is connected to the intake end of the air flow channel, and the other end is connected to an external air source. The second compressor and the humidification module are connected in series along the gas flow direction on the second intake pipe. The humidification module is used to adjust the relative humidity of the air. One end of the second exhaust pipe is connected to the outlet end of the air flow channel. The second gas-liquid separator and the air expander are connected in series along the gas flow direction on the second exhaust pipe. The motor is connected between the second compressor and the air expander.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the fuel cell and heat pump combined power generation and heat production system further includes: a third air inlet pipe, one end of which is connected to the second air inlet pipe between the second compressor and the humidification module, and the other end of which is connected to the hydrogen catalytic burner.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the fuel cell and heat pump combined power generation and heat production system further includes: a cooling circulation system, the cooling circulation system including: a water pipe, a water pump, a third heat exchanger, a heat storage device, a heater, and a thermostat. The two ends of the water pipe are respectively connected to the two ends of the coolant flow channel. The third heat exchanger includes a fifth flow channel and a sixth flow channel that exchange heat with each other. The water pump, the fifth flow channel, and the thermostat are connected in series on the water pipe along the flow direction of the fluid in the water pipe. The sixth flow channel is connected in series on the heat storage device. The heat storage device has a heat storage medium that is adapted to flow in the sixth flow channel and exchange heat with the fluid in the fifth flow channel. The heater is connected between the outlet of the water pump and the inlet of the thermostat.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first flow channel is connected in series on the water pipe and arranged between the third heat exchanger and the thermostat.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the fuel cell and heat pump combined power generation and heat production system further includes: a power conversion system, the power conversion system including a DC / DC converter, a power battery and a DC / AC converter, the DC / DC converter being connected between the power battery and the fuel cell, for adjusting the voltage output by the fuel cell to match the input voltage of the power battery, the power battery being used to store and release the electrical energy, and the DC / AC converter being connected to the output terminal of the power battery for converting the DC voltage power of the power battery into AC power.

[0015] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell and heat pump combined power generation and heat production system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure label:

[0018] 100. Fuel cell and heat pump combined power generation and heat production system;

[0019] 10. Fuel cell system; 11. Fuel cell; 12. First intake pipe; 13. Ejector; 14. First exhaust pipe; 15. First gas-liquid separator; 161. Second compressor; 162. Motor; 163. Air expander; 164. Second intake pipe; 165. Second exhaust pipe; 166. Humidification module; 167. Second gas-liquid separator;

[0020] 20. Heat pump circulation system; 21. Circulation piping; 22. Evaporator; 23. Condenser; 24. First compressor; 25. Throttling device;

[0021] 30. Hydrogen catalytic combustion system; 31. First branch pipe; 32. Hydrogen catalytic burner; 33. First heat exchanger; 34. Mixer; 35. Second heat exchanger; 361. First control valve; 362. Second control valve; 363. Third control valve; 364. Fourth control valve;

[0022] 40. Third air intake pipe;

[0023] 50. Cooling circulation system; 51. Water pipes; 52. Water pump; 53. Third heat exchanger; 54. Heat storage device; 55. Heater; 56. Thermostat;

[0024] 60. Power conversion system; 61. DC / DC converter; 62. Power battery; 63. DC / AC converter;

[0025] 71. Shut-off valve; 72. Exhaust valve; 73. Drain valve; 74. Back pressure valve; 75. Regulating valve;

[0026] 80. Control device. Detailed Implementation

[0027] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0028] The following is for reference. Figure 1 A fuel cell and heat pump combined power generation and heat production system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the fuel cell and heat pump combined power generation and heat production system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a fuel cell system 10, a heat pump cycle system 20, and a hydrogen catalytic combustion system 30.

[0030] Specifically, the fuel cell system 10 includes a fuel cell 11 and a first air inlet pipe 12. The fuel cell 11 is used to electrochemically react hydrogen with oxygen in the air to convert it into electrical energy and heat energy. The fuel cell 11 is provided with a hydrogen flow channel, an air flow channel and a coolant flow channel. The outlet end of the first air inlet pipe 12 is connected to the inlet end of the hydrogen flow channel, and the inlet end is adapted to be connected to a hydrogen source.

[0031] The heat pump cycle system 20 is connected to the fuel cell 11 and is used to collect heat energy and convert it into high-temperature steam. The heat pump cycle system 20 includes: a circulation pipeline 21, an evaporator 22, a condenser 23 and a first compressor 24. The evaporator 22 includes a first flow channel and a second flow channel that exchange heat with each other. The condenser 23 has a third flow channel and a fourth flow channel. The first flow channel is connected in series with the coolant flow channel. The first compressor 24, the second flow channel and the third flow channel are all connected in series with the circulation pipeline 21.

[0032] The hydrogen catalytic combustion system 30 includes: a first branch pipe 31, a hydrogen catalytic burner 32, a first heat exchanger 33, a water inlet pipe, and a second heat exchanger 35. The inlet end of the hydrogen catalytic burner 32 is connected to the inlet end of the first inlet pipe 12 through the first branch pipe 31. The hydrogen catalytic burner 32 is used to catalytically combust hydrogen and air to generate high-temperature gas. The first heat exchanger 33 includes a first channel and a second channel that exchange heat with each other. One end of the first channel is connected to the outlet end of the hydrogen catalytic burner 32, and the second channel is connected in series with the water inlet pipe. One end of the water inlet pipe is adapted to be connected to an external water source, and the other end is connected to the liquid inlet end of the fourth flow channel. The second heat exchanger 35 includes a third channel and a fourth channel that exchange heat with each other. One end of the third channel is connected to the outlet end of the hydrogen catalytic burner 32, and the inlet end of the fourth channel is connected to the outlet end of the fourth flow channel. The outlet end of the fourth channel is adapted to be connected to the user end.

[0033] Specifically, when the required heat needs to be provided to the user, the fuel cell 11 operates. Hydrogen enters the fuel cell 11 through the first inlet pipe 12 to react and generate heat and electricity. The heat is exchanged with the internal cooling liquid flow channel. At the same time, the hydrogen enters the hydrogen catalytic burner 32 through the first branch pipe 31 to burn and generate high-temperature gas. The high-temperature gas flows in the first channel and exchanges heat with the water flow in the water inlet pipe, causing the water temperature to rise. The heated water flows into the fourth flow channel and exchanges heat with the medium in the circulation pipe 21 to generate high-temperature steam. The generated high-temperature steam is transported through the pipeline to the fourth channel to exchange heat with the high-temperature gas in the third channel, thereby generating ultra-high temperature steam.

[0034] Currently, most fuel cell and heat pump combined power generation and heat production systems rely solely on the heat energy generated by the fuel cell and the heat pump circulation device for heat production. However, the relative ratio of fuel cell power generation to heat production is limited, while the relative ratio of heat consumption in industrial scenarios is very large. Therefore, it is difficult to fully adapt to all heat consumption needs by relying solely on fuel cells or heat pumps.

[0035] In this embodiment, by adding a hydrogen catalytic combustion system 30, the heat generation of the fuel cell and heat pump combined power generation and heat production system 100 is no longer limited by the characteristics of the fuel cell 11 and the heat pump cycle itself, thereby broadening the range of heat generation ratio of the fuel cell 11 and heat pump combined system and improving heat use adaptability; in addition, since the time constant of the hydrogen catalytic burner 32 is relatively small, the dynamic response capability of the fuel cell 11 and heat pump combined system can also be increased.

[0036] It should be noted that the heat pump circulation system 20 also includes a throttle valve 25 to control the flow rate in the circulation pipe 21.

[0037] According to the fuel cell and heat pump combined power generation and heat production system 100 of the present invention, by setting up a hydrogen catalytic combustion system 30, the heat production of the fuel cell and heat pump combined power generation and heat production system 100 of this embodiment is no longer limited by the characteristics of the fuel cell 11 and the heat pump cycle itself, thereby broadening the range of heat production ratio of the fuel cell 11 and heat pump combined system and improving the heat use adaptability; in addition, since the time constant of the hydrogen catalytic burner 32 is relatively small, the dynamic response capability of the fuel cell 11 and heat pump combined system can also be increased.

[0038] According to some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the hydrogen catalytic combustion system 30 further includes a first control valve 361, which is disposed on the first branch pipe 31 and / or the first inlet pipe 12, and configured to allow the inlet end of the first inlet pipe 12 to be switchably connected to the hydrogen flow channel through the outlet end of the first inlet pipe 12 and / or connected to the hydrogen catalytic burner 32 through the first branch pipe 31. It is understood that the first control valve 361 can be disposed on the first branch pipe 31, or on the first inlet pipe 12, or both the first branch pipe 31 and the first inlet pipe 12. For example, see [reference to...] Figure 1 There are two first control valves 361, which are respectively connected to the first intake pipe 12 and the first branch pipe 31, so that the intake end of the first intake pipe 12 can be switched to be connected to the hydrogen flow channel through the outlet end of the first intake pipe 12 and / or connected to the hydrogen catalytic burner 32 through the first branch pipe 31.

[0039] Specifically, when the heat production of the fuel cell 11 matches the demand, the first control valve 361 cuts off the flow of the first branch pipe 31, allowing hydrogen to enter the hydrogen flow channel through the first inlet pipe 12; when the heat production of the fuel cell 11 does not match the demand, the first control valve 361 controls both the first branch pipe 31 and the first inlet pipe 12 to be in a connected state, so that hydrogen can both enter the hydrogen flow channel for electrochemical reaction and enter the hydrogen catalytic burner 32 from the first branch pipe 31 for combustion and heat generation, thereby improving the heat production ratio range of the fuel cell and heat pump combined power generation and heat generation system 100 to meet the user's needs.

[0040] According to some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the hydrogen catalytic combustion system 30 further includes a second control valve 362, a third control valve 363, and a fourth control valve 364. The second control valve 362 is arranged between the third channel and / or the fourth channel and the outlet end of the hydrogen catalytic burner 32, and is used to regulate the flow rate of the high-temperature gas entering the third and fourth channels. The third control valve 363 and the fourth control valve 364 are respectively connected to the outlet ends of the third and fourth channels, and are used to regulate the pressure of the high-temperature gas in the third and fourth channels, respectively. This effectively improves the heat exchange efficiency of the second heat exchanger 35 and the third heat exchanger 53, thereby increasing the heat generation rate.

[0041] The phrase "the second control valve 362 is arranged between the third channel and / or the fourth channel and the outlet end of the hydrogen catalytic burner 32" can be understood to mean that the second control valve 362 can be arranged only between the third channel and the outlet end of the hydrogen catalytic burner 32, or only between the fourth channel and the outlet end of the hydrogen catalytic burner 32, or both the third and fourth channels can be arranged between the third channel and the outlet end of the hydrogen catalytic burner 32. For example, referring to the figure, the number of second control valves 362 is two, with the two second control valves 362 respectively connected between the third channel and the outlet end of the hydrogen catalytic burner 32 and between the fourth channel and the outlet end of the hydrogen catalytic burner 32.

[0042] According to some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1As shown, the fuel cell system 10 further includes: an ejector 13, a first exhaust pipe 14, and a first gas-liquid separator 15. The ejector 13 is connected in series with the first intake pipe 12, and a first branch pipe 31 is connected between the intake end of the first intake pipe 12 and the ejector 13. One end of the first exhaust pipe 14 is connected to the outlet end of the hydrogen flow channel, and the other end is connected to the ejector 13. The first gas-liquid separator 15 is connected in series with the first exhaust pipe 14 for gas-liquid separation. Specifically, the negative pressure suction effect of the ejector 13 can efficiently draw the exhaust gas separated by the first gas-liquid separator 15 into the mixing pipeline, mix it with pure hydrogen, and then flow it back into the fuel cell stack hydrogen flow channel. In this way, the hydrogen in the exhaust gas can be fully recovered and utilized, thereby improving the hydrogen utilization rate.

[0043] According to some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the hydrogen catalytic combustion system 30 also includes a mixer 34, which is connected in series with the first branch pipe 31, and the inlet of the mixer 34 is connected to the outlet of the first gas-liquid separator 15. Specifically, the mixed gas is used to mix pure hydrogen from the first branch pipe 31 and the mixed gas separated from the first gas-liquid separator 15, and then the mixed gas is sent to the hydrogen catalytic combustor 32 for combustion. It should be noted that the exhaust gas generated during the operation of the fuel cell 11 is generally a mixture of hydrogen, nitrogen, and water vapor. Nitrogen, as an inert gas, can dilute the hydrogen concentration, thereby avoiding the risk of deflagration caused by excessively high local hydrogen concentration; water vapor can regulate the combustion reaction temperature, thereby preventing the catalyst from sintering and deactivating due to local overheating. Therefore, by setting up the mixer 34, the hydrogen utilization rate can be improved while ensuring the safety of hydrogen combustion.

[0044] According to some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the fuel cell system 10 also includes: a second compressor 161, a motor 162, an air expander 163, a second intake pipe 164, a second exhaust pipe 165, a humidification module 166, and a second gas-liquid separator 167. One end of the second intake pipe 164 is connected to the intake end of the air flow channel, and the other end is connected to an external air source. The second compressor 161 and the humidification module 166 are connected in series along the gas flow direction on the second intake pipe 164. The humidification module 166 is used to adjust the relative humidity of the air. One end of the second exhaust pipe 165 is connected to the outlet end of the air flow channel. The second gas-liquid separator 167 and the air expander 163 are connected in series along the gas flow direction on the second exhaust pipe 165. The motor 162 is connected between the second compressor 161 and the air expander 163.

[0045] Specifically, ambient air enters the second compressor 161 through the second intake pipe 164. Driven by the motor 162, the second compressor 161 compresses the air, raising the air pressure to the working pressure required for the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell 11. The compressed air flows through the humidification module 166 to regulate the relative humidity of the air, ensuring the humidity of the air entering the fuel cell 11. This helps prevent the membrane electrode assembly of the fuel cell 11 from failing due to dryness or flooding, thus ensuring the efficient conduct of the electrochemical reaction. After the humidified air enters the air channel of the fuel cell 11 and participates in the hydrogen-oxygen electrochemical reaction, the generated exhaust gas enters the second exhaust pipe 165 through the air channel outlet. It then enters the exhaust well of the second exhaust pipe 165, where the liquid water in the exhaust gas is separated by the second gas-liquid separator 167. The gas portion then enters the air expander 163 to drive the expander blades and recover some energy. Finally, it is discharged through the second exhaust pipe 165.

[0046] In addition, the motor 162 is connected between the second compressor 161 and the air expander 163, which allows the air expander 163 to be coupled to the second compressor 161 through the motor 162. This allows the mechanical energy converted from the airflow after passing through the air expander 163 to directly drive the second compressor 161, thereby offsetting part of the compressor's energy consumption, thus reducing the overall system's energy consumption and improving the overall system's energy utilization rate.

[0047] According to some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the fuel cell and heat pump combined power generation and heat production system 100 also includes a third air intake pipe 40. One end of the third air intake pipe 40 is connected to the second air intake pipe 164 between the second compressor 161 and the humidification module 166, and the other end is connected to the hydrogen catalytic burner 32. It can be understood that the air in the hydrogen catalytic burner 32 comes from the air processed by the second compressor 161. This eliminates the need for additional air compressors, filters, and other air treatment components in the hydrogen catalytic burner 32, thereby reducing the overall hardware requirements of the system and lowering the manufacturing cost of the entire fuel cell and heat pump combined power generation and heat production system 100.

[0048] According to some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1As shown, the fuel cell and heat pump combined power generation and heat production system 100 also includes a cooling circulation system 50, which includes a water pipe 51, a water pump 52, a third heat exchanger 53, a heat storage device 54, a heater 55, and a thermostat 56. The two ends of the water pipe 51 are respectively connected to the two ends of the coolant flow channel. The third heat exchanger 53 includes a fifth flow channel and a sixth flow channel for mutual heat exchange. The water pump 52, the fifth flow channel, and the thermostat 56 are connected in series on the water pipe 51 along the flow direction of the fluid in the water pipe 51. The sixth flow channel is connected in series on the heat storage device 54. The heat storage device 54 has a heat storage medium that is suitable for flowing in the sixth flow channel and exchanging heat with the fluid in the fifth flow channel. The heater 55 is connected between the outlet of the water pump 52 and the inlet of the thermostat 56.

[0049] Among them, the water pump 52 is mainly used to drive the coolant to circulate in the water pipe 51 and the coolant flow channel, thereby achieving effective heat exchange for the electric propulsion of the fuel cell 11; the third heat exchanger 53 is mainly used for heat exchange between the heat storage device 54 and part of the coolant passing through the outlet of the water pump 52, so that the heat storage device 54 can temporarily store heat and release heat when needed; the thermostat 56 is mainly used to adjust the ratio of coolant flow into the heater 55 and the third heat exchanger 53; the heater 55 is mainly used to heat the coolant so that the coolant can be heated quickly, so that the fuel cell 11 can still work in cold environments.

[0050] According to some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first flow channel is connected in series with the water pipe 51 and is arranged between the third heat exchanger 53 and the thermostat 56. The evaporator 22 is a device that absorbs heat from an external low-temperature heat source. Therefore, the first flow channel being connected in series with the water pipe 51 indicates that the evaporator 22 absorbs the heat carried in the coolant and transfers it to the working fluid on the other side of the evaporator 22. This ensures that the fuel cell 11 operates safely while also effectively utilizing the heat energy generated by the fuel cell 11.

[0051] According to some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1As shown, the fuel cell and heat pump combined power generation and heat production system 100 also includes: a power conversion system 60, which includes a DC / DC converter 61, a power battery 62, and a DC / AC converter 63. The DC / DC converter 61 is connected between the power battery 62 and the fuel cell 11 and is used to adjust the output voltage of the fuel cell 11 to match the input voltage of the power battery 62. The power battery 62 is used to store and release electrical energy. The DC / AC converter 63 is connected to the output terminal of the power battery 62 and is used to convert the DC voltage power of the power battery 62 into AC power. The DC / DC converter 61 allows the output voltage of the fuel cell 11 to match the input voltage of the power battery 62, enabling the power battery 62 to store the electrical energy generated by the fuel cell 11. When there is a real-time difference between the real-time output power of the fuel cell 11 and the power demand, the stored electrical energy in the power battery 62 can be used to discharge and balance this difference, thereby improving the adaptability of the fuel cell 11 to industrial power requirements. Furthermore, the DC / AC converter 63 converts DC voltage and power into AC power to adapt to the user end and meet the user's power needs.

[0052] Optionally, the fuel cell and heat pump combined power generation and heat production system 100 further includes: multiple control valves, including: the first control valve 361, the second control valve 362, the third control valve 363, the fourth control valve 364 mentioned above, as well as the shut-off valve 71, the exhaust valve 72, the drain valve 73, the back pressure valve 74, and the regulating valve 75. Specifically, a shut-off valve 71 is connected in series at the end of the first intake pipe 12 near the intake end to control the opening and closing of the first intake pipe 12; an exhaust valve 72 is connected between the first gas-liquid separator 15 and the mixer 34 to intermittently or continuously discharge gas from the first gas-liquid separator 15; there are two drain valves 73, which are respectively connected to the liquid outlets of the first gas-liquid separator 15 and the second gas-liquid separator 167 to discharge the liquid water accumulated at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator; a back pressure valve 74 is connected to the second exhaust pipe 165 to regulate the air pressure in the air flow channel of the fuel cell 11; and a regulating valve 75 is connected in series on the third intake pipe 40 to control the opening and closing and cross-sectional size of the third intake pipe 40, thereby regulating the air flow rate entering the hydrogen catalytic burner 32.

[0053] Optionally, the fuel cell and heat pump combined power generation and heat production system 100 further includes a control device 80, which is electrically connected to multiple control valves, a motor 162, a first compressor 24, and a second compressor 161. The control device 80 is primarily used to receive commands for electricity and heat demand, and to receive signals from all sensors and actuator status feedback signals from multiple controllers. By executing a control algorithm, it regulates the actuator actions to meet the electricity and heat demand.

[0054] It should be noted that the power conversion system 60 in this embodiment can not only supply power to the user end, but also supply power to high-voltage components such as the first compressor 24, the second compressor 161, and the motor 162 in the fuel cell and heat pump combined power generation and heat production system 100 of this application. Simultaneously, it needs to supply power to low-voltage components such as the control system, sensors, and actuators of control valves. In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention.

[0055] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0056] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0057] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0058] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A combined fuel cell and heat pump power generation and heat production system, characterized in that, include: A fuel cell system (10) includes a fuel cell (11) and a first inlet pipe (12). The fuel cell (11) is used to electrochemically react hydrogen with oxygen in the air to convert it into electrical energy and heat energy. The fuel cell (11) is provided with a hydrogen flow channel, an air flow channel and a coolant flow channel. The outlet end of the first inlet pipe (12) is connected to the inlet end of the hydrogen flow channel. The inlet end is adapted to be connected to a hydrogen source. A heat pump circulation system (20), connected to the fuel cell (11), is used to collect the heat energy and convert the heat energy into high-temperature steam. The heat pump circulation system (20) includes: a circulation pipeline (21), an evaporator (22), a condenser (23), and a first compressor (24). The evaporator (22) includes a first flow channel and a second flow channel that exchange heat with each other. The condenser (23) has a third flow channel and a fourth flow channel. The first flow channel is connected in series with the coolant flow channel. The first compressor (24), the second flow channel, and the third flow channel are all connected in series with the circulation pipeline (21). A hydrogen catalytic combustion system (30) includes: a first branch pipe (31) and a hydrogen catalytic burner (32), wherein the inlet end of the hydrogen catalytic burner (32) is connected to the inlet end of the first inlet pipe (12) through the first branch pipe (31), and the hydrogen catalytic burner (32) is used to catalytically combust hydrogen and air to generate high-temperature gas; a first heat exchanger (33) and a water inlet pipe, wherein the first heat exchanger (33) includes a first channel and a second channel for mutual heat exchange, and one end of the first channel is connected to the hydrogen catalytic burner. The outlet end of the burner (32) is connected, the second channel is connected in series with the water inlet pipe, one end of the water inlet pipe is adapted to be connected to an external water source, and the other end is connected to the liquid inlet end of the fourth flow channel; the second heat exchanger (35) includes a third channel and a fourth channel that exchange heat with each other, one end of the third channel is connected to the outlet end of the hydrogen catalytic burner (32), the inlet end of the fourth channel is connected to the outlet end of the fourth flow channel, and the outlet end of the fourth channel is adapted to be connected to the user end.

2. The fuel cell and heat pump combined power generation and heat production system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen catalytic combustion system (30) further includes a first control valve (361), which is located on the first branch pipe (31) and / or the first inlet pipe (12) and is configured to allow the inlet end of the first inlet pipe (12) to be switchably connected to the hydrogen flow channel through the outlet end of the first inlet pipe (12) and / or connected to the hydrogen catalytic burner (32) through the first branch pipe (31).

3. The fuel cell and heat pump combined power generation and heat production system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen catalytic combustion system (30) further includes: a second control valve (362), a third control valve (363), and a fourth control valve (364). The second control valve (362) is arranged between the third channel and / or the fourth channel and the outlet end of the hydrogen catalytic burner (32) for regulating the flow rate of the high-temperature gas entering the third channel and the fourth channel. The third control valve (363) and the fourth control valve (364) are respectively connected to the outlet ends of the third channel and the fourth channel for regulating the pressure of the high-temperature gas in the third channel and the fourth channel, respectively.

4. The fuel cell and heat pump combined power generation and heat production system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fuel cell system (10) also includes: Ejector (13), the ejector (13) is connected in series on the first air inlet pipe (12), and the first branch pipe (31) is connected between the air inlet end of the first air inlet pipe (12) and the ejector (13); The first exhaust pipe (14) has one end connected to the outlet end of the hydrogen flow channel and the other end connected to the ejector (13). The first gas-liquid separator (15) is connected in series with the first exhaust pipe (14) for gas-liquid separation.

5. The fuel cell and heat pump combined power generation and heat production system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The hydrogen catalytic combustion system (30) further includes a mixer (34), which is connected in series on the first branch pipe (31), and the inlet end of the mixer (34) is connected to the outlet end of the gas-liquid separator.

6. The fuel cell and heat pump combined power generation and heat production system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fuel cell system (10) further includes: a second compressor (161), a motor (162), an air expander (163), a second intake pipe (164), a second exhaust pipe (165), a humidification module (166), and a second gas-liquid separator (167). One end of the second intake pipe (164) is connected to the intake end of the air flow channel, and the other end is connected to an external air source. The second compressor (161) and the humidification module (166) are connected in series along the gas flow direction on the second intake pipe (164). The humidification module (166) is used to adjust the relative humidity of the air. One end of the second exhaust pipe (165) is connected to the outlet end of the air flow channel. The second gas-liquid separator (167) and the air expander (163) are connected in series along the gas flow direction on the second exhaust pipe (165). The motor (162) is connected between the second compressor (161) and the air expander (163).

7. The fuel cell and heat pump combined power generation and heat production system according to claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: The third air intake pipe (40) has one end connected to the second air intake pipe (164) between the second compressor (161) and the humidification module (166), and the other end connected to the hydrogen catalytic burner (32).

8. The fuel cell and heat pump combined power generation and heat production system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A cooling circulation system (50) includes: a water pipe (51), a water pump (52), a third heat exchanger (53), a heat storage device (54), a heater (55), and a thermostat (56). The two ends of the water pipe (51) are respectively connected to the two ends of the coolant flow channel. The third heat exchanger (53) includes a fifth flow channel and a sixth flow channel that exchange heat with each other. The water pump (52), the fifth flow channel, and the thermostat (56) are connected in series on the water pipe (51) along the flow direction of the fluid in the water pipe (51). The sixth flow channel is connected in series on the heat storage device (54). The heat storage device (54) has a heat storage medium. The heat storage medium is suitable for flowing in the sixth flow channel and exchanging heat with the fluid in the fifth flow channel. The heater (55) is connected between the outlet of the water pump (52) and the inlet of the thermostat (56).

9. The fuel cell and heat pump combined power generation and heat production system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first flow channel is connected in series with the water pipe (51) and is arranged between the third heat exchanger (53) and the thermostat (56).

10. The fuel cell and heat pump combined power generation and heat production system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A power conversion system (60) includes a DC / DC converter (61), a power battery (62), and a DC / AC converter (63). The DC / DC converter (61) is connected between the power battery (62) and the fuel cell (11) and is used to adjust the output voltage of the fuel cell (11) to match the input voltage of the power battery (62). The power battery (62) is used to store and release electrical energy. The DC / AC converter (63) is connected to the output terminal of the power battery (62) and is used to convert the DC voltage power of the power battery (62) into AC power.

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