Protective clothing fabric for water area rescue as well as preparation method and application of protective clothing fabric

Abstract

The invention provides a protective clothing fabric for water area rescue. The protective clothing fabric is composed of a surface layer, a heat preservation and moisture absorption layer, a semi-permeable membrane layer and an inner layer which are sequentially laminated and bonded through hot melt adhesive and have sealed end edges, wherein the surface layer is a liquid water barrier formed by polyamide base cloth and a waterproof coating coated on the surface of the polyamide base cloth; the heat-preservation moisture-absorption layer is formed by weaving polyester hollow fibers and polyacrylate fibers spirally wound on the periphery of the polyester hollow fibers, and moisture-absorption particles are loaded on the outer surfaces of the fibers; the semi-permeable membrane layer adopts a microporous polytetrafluoroethylene membrane which is arranged in a gradient manner; the inner layer is formed by blending bamboo charcoal fibers and polyacrylate fibers, and the moisture absorption efficiency of the heat preservation and moisture absorption layer is higher than that of the inner layer. The fabric realizes balance of water resistance and moisture permeability and synergism of heat preservation and moisture absorption, has the advantages of light weight, movement flexibility, durability and comfort, and remarkably improves the operation efficiency of water area rescue protective clothing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of protective clothing technology, specifically to a protective suit for water rescue, and in particular, the fabric of such a protective suit. Background Technology

[0002] Water rescue protective clothing fabric is a special functional fabric specifically designed for water rescue scenarios. It is typically composed of multiple layers of different materials. The outer layer often uses high-strength, abrasion-resistant, and waterproof and breathable materials, such as polyurethane-coated nylon or polyester fabric. An insulation layer may be added in the middle, while the inner layer prioritizes skin-friendliness, comfort, and breathability. In water rescue, it protects rescuers from the cold, prevents rapid heat loss, maintains stable body temperature, and reduces the risk of hypothermia; it also blocks the penetration of harmful liquids such as sewage and chemicals, preventing contamination and injury to rescuers; simultaneously, it possesses excellent abrasion resistance to withstand friction from rocks and debris in the water, ensuring the durability of the protective clothing in complex working environments, and does not restrict the rescuer's limb movements, ensuring agility.

[0003] Traditional water rescue suit fabrics, as shown in the invention patent application CN113733684A, are primarily made of rubber and neoprene. These materials offer excellent waterproofing, are relatively affordable, and are widely used in various types of water rescue suits. However, these fabrics are heavy and have poor breathability, causing rescuers to feel stuffy and uncomfortable after prolonged wear, severely impacting operational efficiency and physical strength. In recent years, multi-layer composite fabrics have gradually become mainstream. For example, a three-layer structure using a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) breathable membrane, with an outer layer of abrasion-resistant nylon fabric, a middle layer of microporous breathable membrane, and an inner layer of moisture-wicking and quick-drying fibers, combines waterproof, breathable, and lightweight properties, significantly improving the wearing experience.

[0004] However, current fabrics still face key bottlenecks. First, achieving a balance between waterproofing and breathability is difficult; prolonged immersion may still lead to decreased breathability or localized water seepage. Second, the contradiction between flexibility and protective performance is prominent; excessive pursuit of lightweighting can result in insufficient fabric abrasion resistance, while increasing thickness restricts joint mobility. Third, chemical corrosion resistance needs optimization; when exposed to corrosive environments such as marine environments and industrial wastewater, materials are prone to delamination, hardening, or strength reduction, shortening equipment lifespan.

[0005] In view of this, it is necessary to develop a new type of fabric for water rescue suits. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a water rescue clothing fabric that combines waterproof and breathable functions, while balancing lightweight and flexible wear, and has a long service life.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution. A protective clothing fabric for water rescue comprises a surface layer, a heat-insulating and moisture-absorbing layer, a semi-permeable membrane layer, and an inner layer, which are sequentially laminated and sealed at the ends with hot melt adhesive; the surface layer comprises a polyamide base fabric and a waterproof coating applied to its surface; the heat-insulating and moisture-absorbing layer is woven from polyester hollow fibers and polyacrylate fibers spirally wound around the outer periphery of the polyester hollow fibers, with moisture-absorbing microparticles impregnated onto the outer surface of the polyester hollow fibers; the semi-permeable membrane layer is composed of a microporous polytetrafluoroethylene membrane; the inner layer comprises a blend of bamboo charcoal fiber and polyacrylate fiber; the moisture absorption efficiency of the heat-insulating and moisture-absorbing layer is greater than that of the inner layer.

[0008] In the aforementioned technical features, the outermost layer of the fabric serves as a physical barrier, preventing liquid water intrusion. The insulating and moisture-wicking layer is woven from polyacrylate fibers spirally wound around its periphery. The outer surface of the hollow polyester fibers is impregnated with moisture-wicking microparticles, achieving both insulation and moisture absorption. A semi-permeable membrane layer between the insulating and moisture-wicking layer and the inner layer has a gradient structure, allowing water vapor to escape unidirectionally while blocking liquid water. The inner layer, which is skin-contacting, is a blend of bamboo charcoal fiber and polyacrylate fiber. Its moisture absorption efficiency is lower than that of the insulating and moisture-wicking layer, ensuring comfort. Simultaneously, the insulating and moisture-wicking layer, the semi-permeable membrane layer, and the inner layer form a gradient moisture-wicking structure. While the outer layer is in contact with water in the water, providing a waterproof effect, the inner layer concentrates the user's sweat and other moisture into the moisture-wicking and insulating layer, keeping the side of the inner layer in contact with the skin dry and comfortable. Hot melt adhesive is used to seal the edges of each layer, ensuring overall waterproofness. A dot-coating process is preferred, with overlapping dots between layers to minimize coverage of the microporous structure. Moisture absorption efficiency refers to the rate at which a material absorbs moisture per unit time.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, the thickness of the waterproof coating is 50-200μm, including at least one of polyurethane, silicone resin, fluorocarbon resin, and epoxy resin. A thickness ≥50μm ensures that the coating continuously covers the gaps between the polyamide base fabric fibers, forming a defect-free, dense barrier that effectively blocks liquid water penetration; a thickness below 50μm is prone to localized thin coatings due to unevenness of the base fabric surface, resulting in leakage points, thus meeting the requirements of both flexibility and lightweight.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the moisture-absorbing particles of the thermal insulation and moisture-absorbing layer are at least one of calcium carbonate, activated carbon, silica gel, diatomaceous earth, zeolite, and aluminosilicate with a particle size of 5-15 μm, and the loading amount is 12-18% of the total mass of the thermal insulation and moisture-absorbing layer. The 5-15 μm particle size and the 12-18% loading amount ensure that the particles are uniformly embedded in the fiber gaps, maintaining the air permeability of the thermal insulation and moisture-absorbing layer while optimizing the moisture absorption capacity.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, the diameter of the polyester hollow fibers in the heat-insulating and moisture-absorbing layer is 15-25 μm, and the hollowness of the polyester hollow fibers is ≥25%; the diameter of the polyacrylate fibers is 15-20 μm, and they are wound around the outer periphery of the polyester hollow fibers at a helical angle of 30-45°, with a winding spacing of 0.5-1.2 mm. The diameters of the polyester hollow fibers and polyacrylate fibers are matched to ensure tight winding. If the winding spacing and helical angle are too small, the fibers may become too tightly bound, reducing resilience; if too large, the stability of the winding structure will be reduced. Too dense a winding spacing will limit the load-bearing space of the moisture-absorbing particles, while too sparse a spacing will weaken the compressive support, reducing the air cavity in the fabric under water pressure and thus decreasing the heat-insulating effect. During winding, the thermoplastic surface of the polyacrylate fibers is activated, resulting in a weak bond with the polyester hollow fibers, which does not affect subsequent weaving. The polar groups of the polyacrylate fibers and the hydroxyl / carboxyl groups on the surface of the moisture-absorbing particles can further enhance the bonding effect. The weaving method can be conventional knitting, weft weaving, warp weaving, plain weave, jacquard, etc., all of which are acceptable as long as they do not violate the technical principles of this invention.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the semi-permeable membrane layer includes multiple layers of microporous polytetrafluoroethylene membrane with a pore size of 0.1-0.4μm and a porosity of 50%-90%, and the pore size and porosity increase from the inner layer to the outer layer.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the blending ratio of bamboo charcoal fiber to polyacrylate fiber in the inner layer is between 1:1 and 7:3. The bamboo charcoal fiber content is not less than 30%, which allows it to exert its natural antibacterial function, while avoiding excessive bamboo charcoal fiber that would cause the inner layer to be too hard and reduce the comfort against the skin.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, the inner side of the cross-section of the polyester hollow fiber is provided with radially inward protrusions, which extend along the length of the polyester hollow fiber. The function of the protrusions is to increase the moment of inertia of the fiber cross-section, thereby improving the bending resistance, and at the same time forming capillary grooves to enhance the impregnation and adhesion of moisture-absorbing particles. This structure can be implemented in ways including but not limited to using a melt spinning die channel, specifically a channel with circumferentially opened grooves adapted to the protrusions.

[0015] A method for preparing a protective clothing fabric for water rescue having at least one of the above-mentioned technical features includes the following steps: S1: Coat the surface of the polyamide base fabric with a waterproof coating, and dry it to form a film after coating; S2: Polyester hollow fibers are prepared by melt spinning process, and polyacrylate fibers are wound around the outer periphery of polyester hollow fibers using a winding machine; S3: Impregnate the polyester hollow fiber with polyacrylate fibers wrapped around its outer periphery into a suspension containing hygroscopic particles, and then dry and cure it. S4: Microporous polytetrafluoroethylene membranes are prepared using a stretching process, and the pore size and porosity gradients are controlled. S5: The inner layer is prepared by a blending process, combining bamboo charcoal fiber and polyacrylate fiber, and then heat-set after blending. S6: Align and stack the surface layer, heat insulation and moisture absorption layer, semi-permeable membrane layer and inner layer in sequence, apply hot melt adhesive evenly between each layer using a hot melt adhesive coating machine, and then hot press to bond them together.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, in step S1, the drying temperature for film formation is 60-80℃ and the time is 10-15 minutes; the drying temperature of 60-80℃ avoids thermal deformation of the polyamide base fabric and promotes cross-linking and curing of the waterproof coating.

[0017] In step S2, the traction speed of the polyester hollow fibers is 5-10 m / min. During the winding process, the polyacrylate fibers are heated to 70-85℃ in a tunnel oven, and the traction tension of the polyacrylate fibers is controlled at 0.5-3.5 cN. The melt spinning process ensures that the hollow rate of the polyester fibers is ≥25% and the air cavity distribution is stable. Heating and softening the polyacrylate fibers achieves precise winding, maintaining the resilience of the composite with the polyester hollow fibers. The control of the traction tension is to prevent the polyacrylate fibers from breaking and to avoid inaccurate spiral winding caused by slack.

[0018] In step S3, the hygroscopic particles in the suspension account for 10-20 wt%, the suspension temperature is maintained at 25-40℃, and the immersion time is 15-30 minutes; the drying and curing temperature is 70-90℃, and the curing time is 20-30 minutes; the suspension concentration is to maintain the adsorption capacity of the hygroscopic particles and avoid precipitation that could lead to uneven loading.

[0019] In step S4, polytetrafluoroethylene powder is mixed with additives and extruded to form a sheet or tubular base film. After removing the auxiliary oil by heating, the base film is heated to 260-400°C and maintained for 0.5-3 minutes. The base film is then preheated to 160-270°C on a stretching machine and stretched in both directions to 150%-400% of its original length to facilitate the formation of a microporous structure.

[0020] In step S5, the heat setting temperature is 100-120℃ and the time is 5-10 minutes. The purpose of heat setting is to eliminate internal stress in the fibers, making the inner layer resistant to pilling and have a certain degree of wear resistance.

[0021] In step S6, the amount of hot melt adhesive applied between each layer is 10-15 g / m². 2 The hot-pressing bonding temperature is 120-150℃, the pressure is 0.5-2 MPa, and the hot-pressing time is 10-20 seconds; this ensures that the hot melt adhesive evenly covers the interlayer interface, avoids high temperature damage to the semi-permeable membrane, and at the same time activates the hot melt adhesive to penetrate between each layer, so that each layer is connected as one.

[0022] The present invention also relates to protective clothing made from the water rescue protective clothing fabric having any of the above-described technical features. It should be noted that, when the fabric of the present invention is used to make protective clothing, in order to facilitate the drainage of moisture from the moisture-absorbing and insulating layer, a valve, preferably a single-piece valve, can be installed through the surface layer connecting to the moisture-absorbing and insulating layer. This valve is closed during rescue operations and opened during drying to facilitate rapid moisture removal.

[0023] The advantages and beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The four-layer composite structure of the water rescue protective clothing fabric forms a dense liquid water barrier on the surface, blocking liquid water penetration; the heat-insulating and moisture-absorbing layer, with its hollow polyester fibers forming air cavities, prevents heat loss and captures sweat by loading moisture-absorbing particles; the spiral winding structure around the outer periphery of the hollow polyester fibers maintains resilience under pressure, preventing the heat-insulating layer from collapsing while increasing the loading rate of the moisture-absorbing particles. The inner layer uses bamboo charcoal fiber to maintain comfort. During use, the gradient-set semi-permeable membrane layer, with its differentiated pore size and porosity, allows water vapor to be directionally discharged along the path from the inner layer to the heat-insulating and moisture-absorbing layer, achieving waterproof and breathable performance while maintaining excellent mobility for the user during wear. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protective fabric for water rescue shown in this invention.

[0025] Figure reference numerals: Surface layer-10, Waterproof coating-11, Thermal insulation and moisture absorption layer-20, Polyester hollow fiber-21, Polyacrylate fiber-22, Moisture-absorbing particles-23, Semi-permeable membrane layer-30, Inner layer-40. Detailed Implementation

[0026] This invention provides a protective clothing fabric for water rescue, comprising a surface layer 10, a heat-insulating and moisture-absorbing layer 20, a semi-permeable membrane layer 30, and an inner layer 40, which are sequentially laminated and sealed at the ends with hot melt adhesive; the surface layer 10 comprises a polyamide base fabric and a waterproof coating 11 coated on its surface; the heat-insulating and moisture-absorbing layer 20 is woven from polyester hollow fibers 21 and polyacrylate fibers 22 spirally wound around the outer periphery of the polyester hollow fibers 21, and the outer surface of the polyester hollow fibers 21 is impregnated with moisture-absorbing particles 23; the semi-permeable membrane layer 30 is composed of a microporous polytetrafluoroethylene membrane; the inner layer 40 comprises a blend of bamboo charcoal fiber and polyacrylate fiber; the moisture absorption efficiency of the heat-insulating and moisture-absorbing layer is greater than that of the inner layer.

[0027] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1: A method for preparing a water rescue suit, comprising the following steps: S1: Surface preparation: A waterproof coating of polyurethane with a thickness of 50 μm is applied to the surface of a polyamide-based fabric. After coating, the film is formed by drying at 60°C for 15 minutes.

[0029] S2: Preparation of the thermal insulation and moisture-absorbing layer substrate. Polyester hollow fibers with a diameter of 15μm and a hollowness of ≥25% were prepared using a melt spinning process. The traction speed was 5m / min. Polyacrylate fibers (15μm in diameter) were wound around the outer periphery of the polyester hollow fibers at a 30° helix angle using a winding machine, with a winding spacing of 0.5mm. During the winding process, the polyacrylate fibers were heated to 70℃ in a tunnel oven, and the traction tension was controlled at 0.5cN.

[0030] S3: Moisture-absorbing particle loading. The polyester hollow fibers with polyacrylate fibers wrapped around their outer periphery obtained in step S2 are impregnated in a suspension. The moisture-absorbing particles in the suspension are calcium carbonate with a particle size of 5 μm, accounting for 10 wt%. The suspension temperature is maintained at 25°C, and the impregnation is carried out for 15 minutes. After impregnation, the fibers are dried and cured at 70°C for 30 minutes.

[0031] S4: Semi-permeable membrane preparation: A microporous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane with a pore size of 0.1 μm and a porosity of 50% is prepared using a stretching process. The pore size and porosity are controlled to increase from the inner layer to the surface. Specifically, this includes: mixing PTFE powder with additives and extruding it to form a sheet-like base film; removing the additive oil by heating; heating the base film to 260°C and maintaining it for 0.5 minutes; preheating it to 160°C on a stretching machine and stretching it in both directions to 150% of its original length.

[0032] S5: Inner layer preparation. The inner layer is prepared through a blending process, with bamboo charcoal fiber and polyacrylate fiber blended in a 1:1 ratio. After blending, it is heat-set at 100℃ for 10 minutes.

[0033] S6: Lamination and hot-press bonding, aligning and stacking the surface layer, moisture-absorbing layer, semi-permeable membrane layer, and inner layer in sequence. Apply hot melt adhesive evenly between each layer using a hot melt adhesive coater, with a coating amount of 10g / m². 2 Hot-press bonding at 120℃ and 0.5MPa pressure for 20 seconds ensures a sealed connection at the ends.

[0034] Example 2: A method for preparing a water rescue suit, comprising the following steps: S1: Surface preparation: A waterproof coating is applied to the surface of the polyamide base fabric using silicone resin, with a thickness of 100 μm. After coating, the film is formed by drying at 70°C for 13 minutes.

[0035] S2: Preparation of the thermal insulation and moisture-absorbing layer substrate. Polyester hollow fibers with a diameter of 20μm and a hollowness of ≥25% were prepared using a melt spinning process. The traction speed was 7m / min. Polyacrylate fibers (17μm in diameter) were wound around the outer periphery of the polyester hollow fibers at a 35° helix angle using a winding machine, with a winding spacing of 0.8mm. During the winding process, the polyacrylate fibers were heated to 75℃ in a tunnel oven, and the traction tension was controlled at 2.0cN.

[0036] S3: Moisture-absorbing particle loading: The polyester hollow fibers with polyacrylate fibers wrapped around their outer periphery obtained in step S2 are impregnated in a suspension. The moisture-absorbing particles in the suspension are activated carbon with a particle size of 10 μm, accounting for 15 wt%. The suspension temperature is maintained at 30°C, and the impregnation time is 20 minutes. After impregnation, the fibers are dried and cured at 80°C for 25 minutes.

[0037] S4: Semi-permeable membrane preparation: A microporous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane with a pore size of 0.2 μm and a porosity of 65% is prepared using a stretching process. The pore size and porosity are controlled to increase from the inner layer to the surface. Specifically, this includes: mixing PTFE powder with additives and extruding it to form a sheet-like base film; removing the additive oil by heating; heating the base film to 300°C and maintaining it for 1.5 minutes; preheating it to 200°C on a stretching machine and stretching it in both directions to 250% of its original length.

[0038] S5: Inner layer preparation. The inner layer is prepared through a blending process, with a blend ratio of bamboo charcoal fiber to polyacrylate fiber of 5:5. After blending, it is heat-set at 110℃ for 8 minutes.

[0039] S6: Lamination and hot-press bonding, aligning and laminating the surface layer, moisture-absorbing layer, semi-permeable membrane layer, and inner layer in sequence. Apply hot melt adhesive evenly between each layer using a hot melt adhesive coater, with a coating amount of 12g / m². 2 Hot-press bonding at 130℃ and 1.0MPa pressure for 15 seconds ensures a sealed connection at the ends.

[0040] Example 3: A method for preparing a water rescue suit, comprising the following steps: S1: Surface preparation: A waterproof coating is applied to the surface of the polyamide base fabric using fluorocarbon resin, with a thickness of 150 μm. After coating, the film is formed by drying at 75°C for 12 minutes.

[0041] S2: Preparation of the thermal insulation and moisture-absorbing layer substrate. Polyester hollow fibers with a diameter of 22μm and a hollowness of ≥25% were prepared using a melt spinning process. The traction speed was 9m / min. Polyacrylate fibers (19μm in diameter) were wound around the outer periphery of the polyester hollow fibers at a 40° helical angle using a winding machine, with a winding spacing of 1.0mm. During the winding process, the polyacrylate fibers were heated to 80℃ in a tunnel oven, and the traction tension was controlled at 3.0cN.

[0042] S3: Moisture-absorbing particle loading: The polyester hollow fibers with polyacrylate fibers wrapped around their outer periphery obtained in step S2 are impregnated in a suspension. The moisture-absorbing particles in the suspension are silica gel with a particle size of 15 μm, accounting for 18 wt%. The suspension temperature is maintained at 35°C, and the impregnation time is 25 minutes. After impregnation, the fibers are dried and cured at 85°C for 22 minutes.

[0043] S4: Semi-permeable membrane preparation: A microporous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane with a pore size of 0.3 μm and a porosity of 80% is prepared using a stretching process. The pore size and porosity are controlled to increase from the inner layer to the surface layer. Specifically, this includes: mixing PTFE powder with additives and extruding it to form a sheet-like base film; removing the additive oil by heating; heating the base film to 350°C and maintaining it for 2.0 minutes; preheating it to 250°C on a stretching machine and stretching it in both directions to 350% of its original length.

[0044] S5: Inner layer preparation. The inner layer is prepared through a blending process, with a blend ratio of bamboo charcoal fiber to polyacrylate fiber of 6:4. After blending, it is heat-set at 115℃ for 7 minutes.

[0045] S6: Lamination and hot-press bonding, aligning and stacking the surface layer, thermal insulation and moisture-absorbing layer, semi-permeable membrane layer, and inner layer in sequence. Apply hot melt adhesive evenly between each layer using a hot melt adhesive coater, with a coating amount of 14g / m². 2 Hot-press bonding at 140℃ and 1.5MPa pressure for 12 seconds ensures a sealed connection at the ends.

[0046] Example 4: A method for preparing a water rescue suit, comprising the following steps: S1: Surface preparation: A waterproof coating is applied to the surface of the polyamide base fabric using epoxy resin, with a thickness of 200 μm. After coating, the film is formed by drying at 80°C for 10 minutes.

[0047] S2: Preparation of the thermal insulation and moisture-absorbing layer substrate. Polyester hollow fibers with a diameter of 25μm and a hollowness of ≥25% were prepared using a melt spinning process. The traction speed was 10m / min. Polyacrylate fibers (20μm in diameter) were wound around the outer periphery of the polyester hollow fibers at a 45° helical angle using a winding machine, with a winding spacing of 1.2mm. During the winding process, the polyacrylate fibers were heated to 85℃ in a tunnel oven, and the traction tension was controlled at 3.5cN.

[0048] S3: Moisture-absorbing particle loading. The polyester hollow fibers with polyacrylate fibers wrapped around their outer periphery obtained in step S2 are impregnated in a suspension. The moisture-absorbing particles in the suspension are diatomaceous earth with a particle size of 8 μm, accounting for 12 wt%. The suspension temperature is maintained at 40℃, and the impregnation time is 30 minutes. After impregnation, the fibers are dried and cured at 90℃ for 20 minutes.

[0049] S4: Semi-permeable membrane preparation: A microporous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane with a pore size of 0.4 μm and a porosity of 90% is prepared using a stretching process. The pore size and porosity are controlled to increase from the inner layer to the surface. Specifically, this includes: mixing PTFE powder with additives and extruding it to form a sheet-like base film; removing the additive oil by heating; heating the base film to 400°C and maintaining it for 3.0 minutes; preheating it to 270°C on a stretching machine and stretching it in both directions to 400% of its original length.

[0050] S5: Inner layer preparation. The inner layer is prepared through a blending process, with a blend ratio of bamboo charcoal fiber to polyacrylate fiber of 7:3. After blending, it is heat-set at 120℃ for 5 minutes.

[0051] S6: Lamination and hot-press bonding, aligning and stacking the surface layer, thermal insulation and moisture-absorbing layer, semi-permeable membrane layer, and inner layer in sequence. Apply hot melt adhesive evenly between each layer using a hot melt adhesive coater, with a coating amount of 15g / m². 2 Hot-press bonding at 150℃ and 2.0MPa pressure for 10 seconds ensures a sealed connection at the ends.

[0052] Example 5: A method for preparing a water rescue suit, comprising the following steps: S1: Surface preparation: A waterproof coating is applied to the surface of the polyamide base fabric. The material used is a mixture of polyurethane and silicone resin, with a thickness of 60 μm. After coating, it is dried at 65°C for 14 minutes to form a film.

[0053] S2: Preparation of the thermal insulation and moisture-absorbing layer substrate. Polyester hollow fibers with a diameter of 18μm and a hollowness of ≥25% were prepared using a melt spinning process. The traction speed was 6m / min. Polyacrylate fibers (16μm in diameter) were wound around the outer periphery of the polyester hollow fibers at a 32° helix angle using a winding machine, with a winding spacing of 0.6mm. During the winding process, the polyacrylate fibers were heated to 72℃ in a tunnel oven, and the traction tension was controlled at 1.0cN.

[0054] S3: Moisture-absorbing particle loading: The polyester hollow fibers with polyacrylate fibers wrapped around their outer periphery obtained in step S2 are impregnated in a suspension. The moisture-absorbing particles in the suspension are zeolites with a particle size of 6 μm, accounting for 13 wt%. The suspension temperature is maintained at 28°C, and the impregnation time is 18 minutes. After impregnation, the fibers are dried and cured at 75°C for 28 minutes.

[0055] S4: Semi-permeable membrane preparation: A microporous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane with a pore size of 0.15 μm and a porosity of 55% is prepared using a stretching process. The pore size and porosity are controlled to increase from the inner layer to the surface. Specifically, this includes: mixing PTFE powder with additives and extruding it to form a sheet-like base film; removing the additive oil by heating; heating the base film to 280°C and maintaining it for 0.8 minutes; preheating it to 180°C on a stretching machine and stretching it in both directions to 200% of its original length.

[0056] S5: Inner layer preparation. The inner layer is prepared through a blending process, with a blend ratio of bamboo charcoal fiber to polyacrylate fiber of 4:6. After blending, it is heat-set at 105℃ for 9 minutes.

[0057] S6: Lamination and hot-press bonding, aligning and stacking the surface layer, thermal insulation and moisture-absorbing layer, semi-permeable membrane layer, and inner layer in sequence. Apply hot melt adhesive evenly between each layer using a hot melt adhesive coater, with a coating amount of 11g / m². 2 Hot-press bonding at 125℃ and 0.8MPa pressure for 18 seconds ensures a sealed connection at the ends.

[0058] Example 6: A method for preparing a water rescue suit, comprising the following steps: S1: Surface preparation: A waterproof coating is applied to the surface of the polyamide base fabric using fluorocarbon resin, with a thickness of 130 μm. After coating, the film is formed by drying at 72°C for 11 minutes.

[0059] S2: Preparation of the thermal insulation and moisture-absorbing layer substrate. Polyester hollow fibers with a diameter of 21 μm and a hollowness of ≥25% were prepared using a melt spinning process. The traction speed was 8 m / min. Polyacrylate fibers (18 μm in diameter) were wound around the outer periphery of the polyester hollow fibers at a 38° helix angle using a winding machine, with a winding spacing of 0.9 mm. During the winding process, the polyacrylate fibers were heated to 78°C in a tunnel oven, and the traction tension was controlled at 2.5 cN.

[0060] S3: Moisture-absorbing particle loading. The polyester hollow fibers with polyacrylate fibers wrapped around their outer periphery obtained in step S2 are impregnated in a suspension. The moisture-absorbing particles in the suspension are aluminosilicates with a particle size of 12 μm, accounting for 16 wt%. The suspension temperature is maintained at 33°C, and the impregnation time is 22 minutes. After impregnation, the fibers are dried and cured at 82°C for 24 minutes.

[0061] S4: Semi-permeable membrane preparation: A microporous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane with a pore size of 0.25 μm and a porosity of 75% is prepared using a stretching process. The pore size and porosity are controlled to increase from the inner layer to the surface. Specifically, this includes: mixing PTFE powder with additives and extruding it to form a sheet-like base film; removing the additive oil by heating; heating the base film to 320°C and maintaining it for 1.8 minutes; preheating it to 220°C on a stretching machine and stretching it in both directions to 300% of its original length.

[0062] S5: Inner layer preparation. The inner layer is prepared through a blending process, with a blending ratio of bamboo charcoal fiber to polyacrylate fiber of 5.5:4.5. After blending, it is heat-set at 112℃ for 7.5 minutes.

[0063] S6: Lamination and hot-press bonding, aligning and stacking the surface layer, thermal insulation and moisture-absorbing layer, semi-permeable membrane layer, and inner layer in sequence. Apply hot melt adhesive evenly between each layer using a hot melt adhesive coater, with a coating amount of 13g / m².2 Hot-press bonding at 135℃ and 1.3MPa pressure for 14 seconds ensures a sealed connection at the ends.

[0064] Example 7: A method for preparing a water rescue suit, comprising the following steps: S1: Surface preparation: A waterproof coating is applied to the surface of the polyamide base fabric. The material used is a mixture of epoxy resin and polyurethane, with a thickness of 90 μm. After coating, it is dried at 68°C for 13.5 minutes to form a film.

[0065] S2: Preparation of the thermal insulation and moisture-absorbing layer substrate. Polyester hollow fibers with a diameter of 19μm and a hollowness of ≥25% were prepared using a melt spinning process. The traction speed was 7.5m / min. Polyacrylate fibers (17μm in diameter) were wound around the outer periphery of the polyester hollow fibers at a 33° helix angle using a winding machine, with a winding spacing of 0.7mm. During the winding process, the polyacrylate fibers were heated to 73℃ in a tunnel oven, and the traction tension was controlled at 1.5cN.

[0066] S3: Moisture-absorbing particle loading: The polyester hollow fibers with polyacrylate fibers wrapped around their outer periphery obtained in step S2 are impregnated in a suspension. The moisture-absorbing particles in the suspension are activated carbon with a particle size of 9 μm, accounting for 14 wt%. The suspension temperature is maintained at 31°C, and the impregnation time is 19 minutes. After impregnation, the fibers are dried and cured at 78°C for 26 minutes.

[0067] S4: Semi-permeable membrane preparation: A microporous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane with a pore size of 0.18 μm and a porosity of 60% is prepared using a stretching process. The pore size and porosity are controlled to increase from the inner layer to the surface layer. Specifically, this includes: mixing PTFE powder with additives and extruding it to form a sheet-like base film; removing the additive oil by heating; heating the base film to 290°C and maintaining it for 1.0 minute; preheating it to 190°C on a stretching machine and stretching it in both directions to 225% of its original length.

[0068] S5: Inner layer preparation. The inner layer is prepared through a blending process, with a blend ratio of bamboo charcoal fiber to polyacrylate fiber of 6:4. After blending, it is heat-set at 108℃ for 8.5 minutes.

[0069] S6: Lamination and hot-press bonding. The surface layer, moisture-absorbing layer, semi-permeable membrane layer, and inner layer are sequentially aligned and laminated. Hot melt adhesive is evenly applied between each layer using a hot melt adhesive applicator, with a coating amount of 12.5 g / m². 2 Hot-press bonding at 128℃ and 0.9MPa pressure for 16 seconds ensures a sealed connection at the ends.

[0070] Example 8: A method for preparing a water rescue suit, comprising the following steps: S1: Surface preparation: A waterproof coating is applied to the surface of the polyamide base fabric using silicone resin, with a thickness of 170 μm. After coating, the film is formed by drying at 77°C for 11.5 minutes.

[0071] S2: Preparation of the thermal insulation and moisture-absorbing layer substrate. Polyester hollow fibers with a diameter of 23μm and a hollowness of ≥25% were prepared using a melt spinning process. The traction speed was 9.5m / min. Polyacrylate fibers (19μm in diameter) were wound around the outer periphery of the polyester hollow fibers at a 42° helix angle using a winding machine, with a winding spacing of 1.1mm. During the winding process, the polyacrylate fibers were heated to 82℃ in a tunnel oven, and the traction tension was controlled at 3.2cN.

[0072] S3: Moisture-absorbing particle loading: The polyester hollow fibers with polyacrylate fibers wrapped around their outer periphery obtained in step S2 are impregnated in a suspension. The moisture-absorbing particles in the suspension are silica gel with a particle size of 14 μm, accounting for 17 wt%. The suspension temperature is maintained at 37°C, and the impregnation time is 27 minutes. After impregnation, the fibers are dried and cured at 88°C for 23 minutes.

[0073] S4: Semi-permeable membrane preparation: A microporous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane with a pore size of 0.35 μm and a porosity of 85% is prepared using a stretching process. The pore size and porosity are controlled to increase from the inner layer to the surface. Specifically, this includes: mixing PTFE powder with additives and extruding it to form a sheet-like base film; removing the additive oil by heating; heating the base film to 370°C and maintaining it for 2.5 minutes; preheating it to 260°C on a stretching machine; and stretching it in both directions to 380% of its original length.

[0074] S5: Inner layer preparation. The inner layer is prepared through a blending process, with a blending ratio of bamboo charcoal fiber to polyacrylate fiber of 6.5:3.5. After blending, it is heat-set at 118℃ for 6 minutes.

[0075] S6: Lamination and hot-press bonding, aligning and stacking the surface layer, moisture-absorbing layer, semi-permeable membrane layer, and inner layer in sequence. Apply hot melt adhesive evenly between each layer using a hot melt adhesive applicator, with a coating amount of 14.5 g / m². 2 Hot pressing at 145℃ and 1.8MPa pressure.

[0076] Performance tests were conducted on the above embodiments, and the test results are shown in the table below. The hydrostatic pressure test was performed according to ISO 811, with water pressure increasing in increments of 1 kPa / s, and the pressure value at the point of third water seepage was recorded. Hydrostatic pressure resistance was tested according to ISO 1420 and ISO 6330; after 10 washes, the hydrostatic pressure retention value was tested according to ISO 1420. Abrasion resistance was tested according to ASTM D4966 using a Martindale abrasion tester, with 500g of wool abrasive as the load, and the number of abrasions recorded when the fabric was damaged. Moisture resistance was tested according to AATCC TM 22, with 250ml of water sprayed onto the fabric surface, and the water droplet morphology evaluated (Level 5: surface completely unwetted). Moisture permeability was measured according to JIS L 1099 B1, in a 40℃ / 90%RH environment, measuring the water vapor transmission rate over 24 hours. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A protective clothing fabric for water rescue, characterized in that: The device comprises a surface layer, a heat-insulating and moisture-absorbing layer, a semi-permeable membrane layer, and an inner layer, which are sequentially layered and bonded together with hot melt adhesive and sealed at the ends. The surface layer includes a polyamide base fabric and a waterproof coating on its surface. The heat-insulating and moisture-absorbing layer is woven from polyester hollow fibers and polyacrylate fibers spirally wound around the outer periphery of the polyester hollow fibers, with moisture-absorbing particles impregnated and loaded on the outer surface of the polyester hollow fibers. The semi-permeable membrane layer includes a microporous polytetrafluoroethylene membrane. The inner layer is a blend of bamboo charcoal fiber and polyacrylate fiber. The moisture absorption efficiency of the heat-insulating and moisture-absorbing layer is greater than that of the inner layer.

2. The protective clothing fabric for water rescue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the waterproof coating is 50-200μm, and the material includes at least one of polyurethane, silicone resin, fluorocarbon resin, and epoxy resin.

3. The protective clothing fabric for water rescue according to claim 2, characterized in that: The moisture-absorbing particles of the thermal insulation and moisture-absorbing layer are at least one of calcium carbonate, activated carbon, silica gel, diatomaceous earth, zeolite, and aluminosilicate with a particle size of 5-15 μm, and the loading amount is 12-18% of the total mass of the thermal insulation and moisture-absorbing layer.

4. The protective clothing fabric for water rescue according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the polyester hollow fiber in the heat-insulating and moisture-absorbing layer is 15-25μm, and the hollowness of the polyester hollow fiber is ≥25%; the diameter of the polyacrylate fiber is 15-20μm, and it is wound around the outer periphery of the polyester hollow fiber at a helical angle of 30-45° with a winding spacing of 0.5-1.2mm.

5. The protective clothing fabric for water rescue according to claim 4, characterized in that: The semi-permeable membrane layer comprises multiple layers of microporous polytetrafluoroethylene membrane with a pore size of 0.1-0.4 μm and a porosity of 50%-90%, and the pore size and porosity increase from the inner layer to the outer layer.

6. The protective clothing fabric for water rescue according to claim 4, characterized in that: The blending ratio of bamboo charcoal fiber to polyacrylate fiber in the inner layer is 1:1 to 7:

3.

7. The protective clothing fabric for water rescue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the cross-section of the polyester hollow fiber has a convex ridge extending radially inward, and the convex ridge extends along the length direction of the polyester hollow fiber.

8. A method for preparing a protective clothing fabric for water rescue as described in at least one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Coat the surface of the polyamide base fabric with a waterproof coating, and dry it to form a film after coating; S2: Polyester hollow fibers are prepared by melt spinning process, and polyacrylate fibers are wound around the outer periphery of polyester hollow fibers using a winding machine; S3: Impregnate the polyester hollow fiber with polyacrylate fibers wrapped around its outer periphery into a suspension containing hygroscopic particles, and then dry and cure it. S4: Microporous polytetrafluoroethylene membranes are prepared using a stretching process, and the pore size and porosity gradients are controlled. S5: The inner layer is prepared by a blending process, combining bamboo charcoal fiber and polyacrylate fiber, and then heat-set after blending. S6: Align and stack the surface layer, heat insulation and moisture absorption layer, semi-permeable membrane layer and inner layer in sequence, apply hot melt adhesive evenly between each layer using a hot melt adhesive coating machine, and then hot press to bond them together.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S1, the drying film formation temperature is 60-80℃ and the time is 10-15 minutes. In S2, the traction speed of the polyester hollow fiber is 5-10 m / min, and the polyacrylate fiber is heated to 70-85°C in a tunnel oven during the winding process. The traction tension of the polyacrylate fiber is controlled at 0.5-3.5 cN. In step S3, the hygroscopic particles in the suspension account for 10-20 wt%, the suspension temperature is maintained at 25-40℃, the immersion time is 15-30 minutes, the drying and curing temperature is 70-90℃, and the curing time is 20-30 minutes. In step S4, polytetrafluoroethylene powder is mixed with additives and then extruded to form sheet or tubular base films. After removing the auxiliary oil by heating, the base film is heated to 260-400°C and maintained for 0.5-3 minutes. The base film is then preheated to 160-270°C on a stretching machine and stretched in both directions to 150%-400% of its original length. In step S5, the heat setting temperature is 100-120℃ and the time is 5-10 minutes; In S6, the amount of hot melt adhesive applied between each layer is 10-15 g / m², the hot pressing temperature is 120-150℃, the pressure is 0.5-2 MPa, and the hot pressing time is 10-20 seconds.

10. A protective suit for water rescue, characterized in that: Made of the protective clothing fabric for water rescue as described in any one or more of the technical features of claims 1-7.

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