Self-adaptive mooring cable, manufacturing method and self-adaptive mooring method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of floating type platform mooring systems, and discloses a self-adaptive mooring cable, a manufacturing method and a self-adaptive mooring method.The self-adaptive mooring cable sequentially comprises a center main bearing layer, a middle protection layer and an outer self-adaptive regulation and control layer from inside to outside. The central main supporting layer is composed of synthetic fiber cables with high tensile strength; the middle protective layer wraps the periphery of the main bearing layer, is formed by weaving fiber materials and is used for preventing external media from invading; the outer-layer self-adaptive regulation and control layer covers the periphery of the protective layer and is woven into a net-shaped structure by shape memory alloy wires; the shape memory alloy woven mesh is configured to be capable of dynamically adjusting the overall rigidity of the mooring cable through thermoelastic martensite phase transformation based on environment temperature changes, and creep deformation of the synthetic fiber cable is slowed down. Through the synergistic effect of the three-layer structure, the structural stability and performance consistency of the mooring cable in long-term use are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of floating platform mooring system technology, specifically to adaptive mooring cables, manufacturing methods, and adaptive mooring methods. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of offshore renewable energy, floating renewable energy is gradually becoming an important way to develop deep-sea resources. Due to the harsh marine environment, offshore floating renewable energy platforms are often subjected to large wind, wave and current loads, which makes the design of mooring systems difficult, the requirements for mooring system equipment high, and the cost of mooring systems high. Unlike offshore oil platforms, offshore wind power platforms also need to consider the wind load of the upper turbine units. Therefore, compared with offshore oil and gas platforms of the same displacement, offshore wind power platforms have greater design loads for their mooring systems, are more difficult to design, and have higher costs for equipment such as mooring cables.

[0003] Current conventional mooring systems employ standard catenary or tension leg mooring designs, using anchor chains, wire ropes, and synthetic fiber cables as materials. Existing catenary systems rely on gravity for restoring force, requiring large seabed areas; tension leg systems demand extremely high installation precision; wire ropes are difficult to cut but have a high risk of fatigue; synthetic fiber cables are less prone to fatigue but are easily damaged by fishing trawls. Therefore, the mooring system design for floating wind turbines has significant redundancy, resulting in substantial increases in equipment costs.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to develop new mooring systems that reduce the layout area of ​​the mooring system, improve the survivability of the mooring system, and do not increase the difficulty of construction and installation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides an adaptive mooring cable, a manufacturing method, and an adaptive mooring method to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an adaptive mooring cable based on a shape memory alloy, the mooring cable comprising, from the inside out: The central support layer is composed of high tensile strength synthetic fiber cables; The intermediate protective layer, which covers the outer periphery of the main support layer, is made of woven fiber material and is used to prevent the intrusion of external media; An outer adaptive control layer, which covers the outer periphery of the protective layer, is woven from shape memory alloy wires into a mesh structure; The shape memory alloy braided mesh is configured to dynamically adjust the overall stiffness of the mooring cable based on changes in ambient temperature through thermoelastic martensitic phase transformation, and to slow down the creep of the synthetic fiber cable.

[0007] This adaptive mooring cable based on shape memory alloy adopts a layered nested structure from the inside out, with each layer closely connected and working synergistically. The central load-bearing layer, as the core load-bearing component of the mooring cable, is composed of high tensile strength synthetic fiber cable. Its core function is to provide basic load-bearing support for the mooring cable to cope with complex marine environmental loads, ensuring the overall load-bearing capacity of the mooring cable. In order to directly protect this core load-bearing component, the intermediate protective layer tightly wraps around the outer periphery of the load-bearing layer. It forms a dense structure through a specific fiber material weaving process, which can accurately block the intrusion of external media and fundamentally avoid damage to the synthetic fiber cable caused by external erosion or mechanical contact, providing direct protection for the stable operation of the load-bearing layer. In the outermost layer, the adaptive control layer further constructs a functional barrier. It is woven into a mesh structure using shape memory alloy wires as raw materials, completely covering the outer periphery of the protective layer. When the ambient temperature changes, the shape memory alloy woven mesh will initiate dynamic adjustment through thermoelastic martensitic phase transformation: on the one hand, the morphological change generated by this phase transformation can adjust the overall stiffness of the mooring cable in real time, so that it can flexibly adapt to changes in environmental load according to actual stress requirements; on the other hand, the flexible constraint formed during the phase transformation can also form a stress buffer for the internal synthetic fiber cable, effectively slowing down the creep trend of the synthetic fiber cable under long-term stress. Finally, through the synergistic effect of the three-layer structure, the structural stability and performance consistency of the mooring cable are ensured for long-term use.

[0008] In one optional embodiment, the synthetic fiber cable is made of high-modulus polyethylene or aramid; the ultimate elongation of the synthetic fiber cable is ≤3%.

[0009] The central load-bearing layer, as the core load-bearing component, is made of synthetic fiber cable of high modulus polyethylene or aramid. This type of material not only meets the requirements of high tensile strength, but also has stable structural characteristics. Moreover, its ultimate elongation is controlled at ≤3%, which can effectively avoid excessive deformation under stress and provide basic support for the mooring cable to cope with complex marine environmental loads.

[0010] In one optional embodiment, the intermediate protective layer is a sand-proof layer made using a three-dimensional weaving process, with a porosity of <5% and a surface treated with UV protection.

[0011] The sand-proof layer prepared by the above process has a porosity strictly controlled below 5%, preferably 2%-4%. This low porosity ensures that most fine sand particles (typically larger than 50 micrometers in diameter) in the marine environment cannot pass through the layer. At the same time, its fiber volume content (fiber density) is as high as 70% or more, giving the layer good resistance to compression and osmotic pressure, enabling it to withstand the external hydrostatic pressure in deep water environments and preventing it from being flattened and failing.

[0012] In one alternative embodiment, the shape memory alloy woven mesh is made using a double-layer interlaced weaving process.

[0013] In one alternative embodiment, the shape memory alloy woven mesh has an equilibrium temperature lower than the minimum ambient temperature of the sea area where it is applied, and its material is nickel-titanium.

[0014] The shape memory alloy woven mesh is made of nitinol fibers. Nitinol is a nickel-titanium-based shape memory alloy that possesses superelasticity, excellent fatigue life, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility, making it ideal for long-term service in harsh marine environments. The equilibrium temperature in this invention specifically refers to the martensitic transformation completion temperature of the nitinol material. To ensure adaptive functionality, the core design principle is that the equilibrium temperature of the nitinol fibers used in the woven mesh must be lower than the historical lowest water temperature of the area where the mooring cable is used. Designing according to this principle ensures that the marine ambient temperature is higher than this equilibrium temperature for most of the year. At this temperature, the nitinol woven mesh is in a stable austenitic state, possessing high initial stiffness and providing stable positioning and restoring force for floating platforms.

[0015] This design ensures that the adaptive function of the shape memory alloy can be reliably triggered and restored in any season, avoiding the risk of functional failure due to temporary ambient temperature being lower than the equilibrium temperature, and greatly improving the functional reliability and durability of the mooring system throughout its entire life cycle.

[0016] In one alternative implementation, the equilibrium temperature ranges from -10°C to 5°C.

[0017] In one alternative embodiment, the shape memory alloy woven mesh is partially bonded to the intermediate protective layer using an elastic adhesive.

[0018] Local bonding refers to a discontinuous, patterned bonding method, specifically including but not limited to spiral coating or discontinuous dot coating. This locally elastic bonding design effectively transfers interlayer shear stress, preventing mutual friction, wear, and energy dissipation caused by independent deformation of each layer under dynamic loads. This ensures that the mooring cable responds to loads as a whole, thereby optimizing its dynamic stiffness adjustment function. Because the bonding is local and the adhesive is elastic, it provides sufficient local deformation space for the microscale length changes (contraction and elongation) necessary for the shape memory alloy wire during phase transformation, avoiding the phase transformation inhibition or internal stress concentration problems caused by rigid bonding. This fundamentally solves the common interlayer peeling failure problem in multilayer composite cable structures, significantly improving the structural integrity and reliability of the mooring cable throughout its design life.

[0019] In one alternative embodiment, the weaving angle of the shape memory alloy braided mesh is 15° to 45°.

[0020] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for manufacturing the aforementioned adaptive mooring cable based on shape memory alloy, the method comprising the steps of sequentially forming a stress layer, a protective layer and a shape memory alloy braided mesh, and finally performing a heat setting treatment.

[0021] The adaptive mooring cable manufactured using this method has a shape memory alloy braided mesh that can adaptively adjust its stiffness through thermoelastic martensitic phase transformation when the external ambient temperature changes. This effectively suppresses the creep of the fiber cable and improves the reliability and service life of the mooring system.

[0022] Thirdly, the present invention also provides an adaptive mooring method, which uses the aforementioned adaptive mooring cable based on shape memory alloy to dynamically dissipate environmental load energy and optimize the motion response of a floating platform through the phase transition and inverse phase transition of the shape memory alloy woven mesh.

[0023] When the ambient temperature is higher than its equilibrium temperature, shape memory alloys exhibit superelastic behavior, fully recovering their original shape after undergoing large deformations, and dissipating a large amount of energy during this process through stress-induced martensitic phase transformation. When the ambient temperature varies near the equilibrium temperature, shape memory alloys can reversibly adjust their microstructure and macroscopic mechanical properties through thermoelastic martensitic phase transformation and its reverse phase transformation. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an adaptive mooring cable based on shape memory alloy according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. The central leadership team; 2. Intermediate protective layer; 3. Outer adaptive control layer. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] With the development of offshore renewable energy, floating renewable energy is gradually becoming an important way to develop deep-sea resources. Due to the harsh marine environment, offshore floating renewable energy platforms are often subjected to large wind, wave and current loads, which makes the design of mooring systems difficult, the requirements for mooring system equipment high, and the cost of mooring systems high. Unlike offshore oil platforms, offshore wind power platforms also need to consider the wind load of the upper turbine units. Therefore, compared with offshore oil and gas platforms of the same displacement, offshore wind power platforms have greater design loads for their mooring systems, are more difficult to design, and have higher costs for equipment such as mooring cables.

[0029] Current conventional mooring systems employ standard catenary or tension leg mooring designs, using anchor chains, wire ropes, and synthetic fiber cables as materials. Existing catenary systems rely on gravity for restoring force, requiring large seabed areas; tension leg systems demand extremely high installation precision; wire ropes are difficult to cut but have a high risk of fatigue; synthetic fiber cables are less prone to fatigue but are easily damaged by fishing trawls. Therefore, the mooring system design for floating wind turbines has significant redundancy, resulting in substantial increases in equipment costs.

[0030] Therefore, it is necessary to develop new mooring systems that reduce the layout area of ​​the mooring system, improve the survivability of the mooring system, and do not increase the difficulty of construction and installation.

[0031] The following is combined Figure 1 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0032] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in one aspect, an adaptive mooring cable based on shape memory alloy is provided. The mooring cable comprises, from the inside out, a central stress-bearing layer 1, an intermediate protective layer 2, and an outer adaptive control layer 3. The central stress-bearing layer 1 is composed of high tensile strength synthetic fiber cable; the intermediate protective layer 2 covers the outer periphery of the stress-bearing layer and is woven from fiber material to prevent the intrusion of external media; the outer adaptive control layer 3 covers the outer periphery of the protective layer and is woven from shape memory alloy wires into a mesh structure; wherein, the shape memory alloy woven mesh is configured to dynamically adjust the overall stiffness of the mooring cable based on changes in ambient temperature through thermoelastic martensitic phase transformation, and to slow down the creep of the synthetic fiber cable.

[0033] This adaptive mooring cable based on shape memory alloy adopts a layered nested structure from the inside out, with each layer closely connected and working synergistically. The central load-bearing layer 1, the core load-bearing component of the mooring cable, is composed of high-tensile-strength synthetic fiber cable. Its core function is to provide fundamental load-bearing support for the mooring cable to withstand complex marine environmental loads, ensuring the overall load-bearing capacity of the mooring cable. To directly protect this core load-bearing component, the intermediate protective layer 2 tightly wraps around the outer periphery of the load-bearing layer. It forms a dense structure through a specific fiber material weaving process, precisely blocking the intrusion of external media and fundamentally preventing damage to the synthetic fiber cable caused by external erosion or mechanical contact, thus providing direct protection for the stable operation of the load-bearing layer. In the outermost layer, an adaptive control layer further constructs a functional barrier. It is woven into a mesh structure using shape memory alloy wires as raw materials, completely covering the outer periphery of the protective layer. When the ambient temperature changes, the shape memory alloy woven mesh will initiate dynamic adjustment through thermoelastic martensitic phase transformation: on the one hand, the morphological change generated by this phase transformation can adjust the overall stiffness of the mooring cable in real time, so that it can flexibly adapt to changes in environmental load according to actual stress requirements; on the other hand, the flexible constraint formed during the phase transformation can also form a stress buffer for the internal synthetic fiber cable, effectively slowing down the creep trend of the synthetic fiber cable under long-term stress. Finally, through the synergistic effect of the three-layer structure, the structural stability and performance consistency of the mooring cable are ensured for long-term use.

[0034] In one embodiment, the synthetic fiber cable is made of high-modulus polyethylene or aramid; the ultimate elongation of the synthetic fiber cable is ≤3%.

[0035] The central load-bearing layer 1 serves as the core load-bearing component, and is made of synthetic fiber cable using high-modulus polyethylene or aramid. This type of material not only meets the requirements for high tensile strength but also has stable structural characteristics. Furthermore, its ultimate elongation is controlled at ≤3%, which can effectively avoid excessive deformation under stress and provide basic support for the mooring cable to cope with complex marine environmental loads.

[0036] In one embodiment, the intermediate protective layer 2 is a sandproof layer made using a three-dimensional weaving process, with a porosity of <5% and a surface treated with UV protection.

[0037] The intermediate protective layer 2 is a specially designed sand-proof layer. This layer not only provides basic isolation but also achieves long-term, comprehensive protection for the central support layer 1 through its unique structure and material processing technology. This sand-proof layer is manufactured using a three-dimensional weaving process. Specifically, it uses high-performance polyester or nylon multifilament as raw material, and employs a large-scale three-dimensional weaving machine with a "four-step" or "five-step" weaving trajectory, interweaving the warp, weft, and binding yarns to form a dense, non-penetrating, tubular three-dimensional sandwich structure. This structure differs from simple knitting or plain weaving; it effectively avoids the problem of localized pore enlargement during repeated bending and stretching of the mooring cable, thus maintaining its high barrier performance. The porosity of the sand-proof layer prepared using the above process is strictly controlled below 5%, preferably 2%-4%. This low porosity ensures that most fine sand particles (typically larger than 50 micrometers in diameter) in the marine environment cannot pass through this layer. Meanwhile, its fiber volume content (fiber density) is as high as 70% or more, which gives the layer good resistance to compression and osmotic pressure, and can withstand the external hydrostatic pressure in deep water environment, preventing it from being flattened and failing.

[0038] To address the issue of synthetic fibers aging easily under prolonged sunlight, the surface of this sand-proof layer underwent UV protection treatment. Treatment methods include, but are not limited to: Impregnation treatment: After weaving, the sand-proof layer is immersed in a composite treatment solution containing benzotriazole ultraviolet absorbers and hindered amine light stabilizers. Through the "immersion-roll-drying" process, the auxiliaries are evenly penetrated and fixed on the fiber surface.

[0039] Outer coating: An additional polyurethane-based coating with a thickness of about 50-100 micrometers is applied to the outer surface of the sandproof layer. This coating also contains nano-sized titanium dioxide ultraviolet shielding agent, forming a physical shielding layer.

[0040] The intermediate protective layer 2 combines a three-dimensional woven structure, strict low porosity control, and efficient UV protection to achieve efficient seepage prevention, long-lasting weather resistance, and structural stability.

[0041] In one embodiment, the shape memory alloy woven mesh is made using a double-layer interlaced weaving process.

[0042] The outer adaptive control layer 3 is made of shape memory alloy wires using a double-layer interlaced weaving process. This process is not a simple mesh weaving, but a specific structural design that optimizes mechanical properties, ensures the effective functioning of the shape memory effect, and enhances durability. Specifically, the double-layer interlaced weaving process uses multiple nickel-titanium shape memory alloy wires as the weaving material, which are divided into inner and outer yarns on a dedicated large metal braiding machine. During the weaving process, one outer yarn alternately passes through two inner yarns in a figure-eight pattern, thereby interlocking and intertwining the inner and outer yarns to form a stable tubular double-layer hollow structure with a specific interlacing ratio. This structure tightly encloses the internal sand-proof layer. The interlacing ratio of the weaving layers (i.e., the ratio of the number of inner yarns to outer yarns) is preferably 1:1 or 2:2 to ensure uniform stress distribution. Compared to traditional single-layer plain weaving or simple sleeve structures, the double-layer interlaced weaving process of this embodiment improves mechanical properties and enhances functional reliability.

[0043] In one embodiment, the shape memory alloy woven mesh has an equilibrium temperature lower than the minimum ambient temperature of the sea area where it is applied, and its material is nickel-titanium.

[0044] The shape memory alloy woven mesh is made of nitinol fibers. Nitinol is a nickel-titanium-based shape memory alloy that possesses superelasticity, excellent fatigue life, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility, making it ideal for long-term service in harsh marine environments. The equilibrium temperature in this invention specifically refers to the martensitic transformation completion temperature of the nitinol material. To ensure adaptive functionality, the core design principle is that the equilibrium temperature of the nitinol fibers used in the woven mesh must be lower than the historical lowest water temperature of the area where the mooring cable is used. Designing according to this principle ensures that the marine ambient temperature is higher than this equilibrium temperature for most of the year. At this temperature, the nitinol woven mesh is in a stable austenitic state, possessing high initial stiffness and providing stable positioning and restoring force for floating platforms.

[0045] Under this thermodynamic design, the working mechanism of the mooring cable is as follows: Normal or high temperature operating conditions: When the ambient water temperature is higher than the equilibrium temperature (such as in summer), the braided mesh is in the austenitic state, and the mooring cable exhibits high stiffness, effectively restraining the platform's movement.

[0046] Low-temperature stress conditions: When the water temperature drops in winter but remains above the equilibrium temperature, its operating state remains unchanged. When the platform is subjected to huge environmental loads (such as storms), the mooring cable tension increases sharply, causing the nickel-titanium filament stress to induce a martensitic phase transformation, resulting in large deformation, absorbing energy, and adjusting the stiffness accordingly to protect the system from impact.

[0047] Recovery after load release: When the load decreases and the ambient temperature remains above the equilibrium temperature, the martensite becomes unstable after stress removal. The nickel-titanium wire immediately undergoes a reverse phase transformation, recovering to the austenitic state and its original shape, which drives the mooring cable to retract and provides positive restoring force for the platform.

[0048] This design ensures that the adaptive function of the shape memory alloy can be reliably triggered and restored in any season, avoiding the risk of functional failure due to temporary ambient temperature being lower than the equilibrium temperature, and greatly improving the functional reliability and durability of the mooring system throughout its entire life cycle.

[0049] In one embodiment, the equilibrium temperature ranges from -10°C to 5°C.

[0050] In one embodiment, the shape memory alloy woven mesh and the intermediate protective layer 2 are partially bonded together by an elastic adhesive.

[0051] To ensure that the outer shape memory alloy braided mesh and the middle protective layer 2 can deform collaboratively under complex dynamic loads, avoiding relative slippage or peeling between layers, and to prevent the functional phase transformation of the shape memory alloy from being constrained in local areas, a specific connection structure is set between the two: local bonding via an elastic adhesive. The selected elastic adhesive is a modified polyurethane adhesive or a silicone rubber-based adhesive specifically developed for marine environments. The core characteristic of this adhesive is that the adhesive layer formed after curing has a low elastic modulus, much lower than that of the shape memory alloy and the protective layer fiber material. In addition, this adhesive has excellent hydrolysis resistance, salt spray corrosion resistance, and fatigue resistance, with an elongation at break greater than 200%, capable of withstanding repeated tensile, bending, and torsional deformations of the mooring cable during service.

[0052] Local bonding refers to a discontinuous, patterned bonding method, specifically including but not limited to spiral coating or discontinuous dot coating. This locally elastic bonding design effectively transfers interlayer shear stress, preventing mutual friction, wear, and energy dissipation caused by independent deformation of each layer under dynamic loads. This ensures that the mooring cable responds to loads as a whole, thereby optimizing its dynamic stiffness adjustment function. Because the bonding is local and the adhesive is elastic, it provides sufficient local deformation space for the microscale length changes (contraction and elongation) necessary for the shape memory alloy wire during phase transformation, avoiding the phase transformation inhibition or internal stress concentration problems caused by rigid bonding. This fundamentally solves the common interlayer peeling failure problem in multilayer composite cable structures, significantly improving the structural integrity and reliability of the mooring cable throughout its design life.

[0053] In one embodiment, the weaving angle of the shape memory alloy woven mesh is 15° to 45°.

[0054] This range allows the mooring cable to provide the necessary axial stiffness to constrain platform movement while maintaining sufficient flexibility to adapt to dynamic marine environments, avoiding excessive stiffness due to an excessively small angle or excessive softness due to an excessively large angle. At this optimized angle, the phase transformation behavior of the shape memory alloy wires is highly coordinated with the overall structural deformation of the braided mesh. When the cable is stretched, the alloy wires are not only elongated, but their braiding angle also undergoes a slight change. This change in geometry, coupled with the constitutive relationship of the material, contributes to the nonlinear stiffness characteristics of the mooring cable, achieving more intelligent adaptive adjustment.

[0055] According to an embodiment of the present invention, another aspect provides a method for manufacturing an adaptive mooring cable based on a shape memory alloy, the method comprising the steps of sequentially forming a stress layer, a protective layer and a shape memory alloy braided mesh, and finally performing a heat setting treatment.

[0056] As a specific implementation method, the method mainly includes the following steps: S1: Preparing the leadership team; A synthetic fiber cable is provided as the central load-bearing layer 1. The synthetic fiber cable is preferably made of polyester, high-modulus polyethylene, or aramid, and its diameter is determined according to the design load. Before weaving, the fiber cable is pre-tensioned to eliminate initial creep, and the pretension is controlled at 15%-20% of its minimum breaking strength.

[0057] S2: Forms a protective layer; Around the periphery of the main protective layer, a three-dimensional braiding machine is used to weave fiber material to form the intermediate protective layer 2. Specific process parameters include: The weaving angle is controlled between 20° and 35°; By adjusting the weaving tension, the porosity of the finished protective layer is made less than 5%. After weaving, the surface of the protective layer is treated with UV protection by applying UV absorbers using impregnation or spraying methods.

[0058] S3: Braided shape memory alloy layer; Around the outer perimeter of the protective layer, shape memory alloy wires are woven using a specialized metal braiding machine to form an outer shape memory alloy woven mesh. Specifically, this includes: Select nickel-titanium wire with a diameter of 0.8-1.2mm; It adopts a double-layer interlaced weaving process, with the weaving angle precisely controlled within the range of 15°-45°; By adjusting the parameters of the weaving machine, the coverage of the woven mesh on the protective layer can be greater than 85%. During the weaving process, maintain appropriate weaving tension to avoid damaging the underlying structure.

[0059] S4: Heat setting treatment.

[0060] The adaptive mooring cable manufactured using this method has a shape memory alloy braided mesh that can adaptively adjust its stiffness through thermoelastic martensitic phase transformation when the external ambient temperature changes. This effectively suppresses the creep of the fiber cable and improves the reliability and service life of the mooring system.

[0061] According to an embodiment of the present invention, another aspect provides an adaptive mooring method that uses an adaptive mooring cable based on shape memory alloy to dynamically dissipate environmental load energy and optimize the motion response of a floating platform through the phase transition and inverse phase transition of the shape memory alloy woven mesh.

[0062] When the ambient temperature is higher than its equilibrium temperature, shape memory alloys exhibit superelastic behavior, fully recovering their original shape after undergoing large deformations, and dissipating a large amount of energy during this process through stress-induced martensitic phase transformation. When the ambient temperature varies near the equilibrium temperature, shape memory alloys can reversibly adjust their microstructure and macroscopic mechanical properties through thermoelastic martensitic phase transformation and its reverse phase transformation.

[0063] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An adaptive mooring cable based on shape memory alloy, characterized in that, The mooring cable comprises, from the inside out: The central support layer (1) is composed of high tensile strength synthetic fiber cable; The intermediate protective layer (2), which covers the outer periphery of the main force layer, is made of woven fiber material and is used to prevent external media from intruding; An outer adaptive control layer (3) is wrapped around the outer periphery of the protective layer and is woven into a mesh structure by shape memory alloy wires; The shape memory alloy braided mesh is configured to dynamically adjust the overall stiffness of the mooring cable based on changes in ambient temperature through thermoelastic martensitic phase transformation, and to slow down the creep of the synthetic fiber cable.

2. The adaptive mooring cable based on shape memory alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The synthetic fiber cable is made of high-modulus polyethylene or aramid; the ultimate elongation of the synthetic fiber cable is ≤3%.

3. The adaptive mooring cable based on shape memory alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intermediate protective layer (2) is a sandproof layer made by a three-dimensional weaving process, with a porosity of <5% and a surface treated with UV protection.

4. The adaptive mooring cable based on shape memory alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shape memory alloy woven mesh is made using a double-layer interlaced weaving process.

5. The adaptive mooring cable based on shape memory alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The equilibrium temperature of the shape memory alloy woven mesh is lower than the lowest ambient temperature of the sea area where it is used, and its material is nickel-titanium.

6. The adaptive mooring cable based on shape memory alloy according to claim 5, characterized in that, The equilibrium temperature range is -10°C to 5°C.

7. The adaptive mooring cable based on shape memory alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shape memory alloy woven mesh and the intermediate protective layer (2) are partially bonded together by an elastic adhesive.

8. The adaptive mooring cable based on shape memory alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weaving angle of the shape memory alloy woven mesh is 15° to 45°.

9. A method for manufacturing an adaptive mooring cable based on shape memory alloy as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The method includes the steps of sequentially forming a support layer, a protective layer, and a shape memory alloy woven mesh, and finally performing a heat setting treatment.

10. An adaptive mooring method, characterized in that, Using the adaptive mooring cable based on shape memory alloy as described in any one of claims 1-8, the environmental load energy is dynamically dissipated and the motion response of the floating platform is optimized through the phase change and inverse phase change of the shape memory alloy braided mesh.

Images