Infusion safety protection method based on multi-modal monitoring

Abstract

The invention discloses an infusion safety protection method based on multi-modal monitoring, and relates to the technical field of medical instruments.The method comprises the steps that temperature monitoring is conducted on a puncture point of a child and the surrounding area of the puncture point, and temperature data are obtained; gradient change judgment is carried out on the temperature data, and if the temperature distribution property of the puncture point area is diffusion type distribution, an exosmosis alarm signal is output; if the temperature distribution property of the puncture point area is constraint type distribution, continuously monitoring the temperature data of the puncture point area to obtain a stable image; based on the stable image, determining the relation between the dripping speed of the infusion tube and temperature distribution, and obtaining a dripping speed calculation formula; judging subsequent continuously monitored temperature data based on a dripping speed calculation formula, and comparing the dripping speed data obtained by real-time calculation with a built-in dripping speed threshold interval; and if the dripping speed data is not in the dripping speed threshold interval, outputting an alarm signal. The infusion apparatus has the effect of improving the infusion safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to an infusion safety protection method based on multimodal monitoring. Background Technology

[0002] Pediatric intravenous infusion care is a high-risk clinical aspect. Currently, it mainly relies on nurse rounds and parental supervision, posing significant safety risks: Abnormalities in fluid infusion are difficult to detect promptly: Infusion completion (empty infusion), infusion blockage, abnormal infusion rate, etc., rely on visual observation, and are prone to blood backflow or local swelling due to delayed fluid changes or blockage. Children's behavior is uncontrollable: Children may unconsciously pull, grasp, or bend their limbs, easily leading to needle slippage, displacement, swelling (exudation) at the puncture site, or even needlestick injuries. Traditional splints only restrict large joint movement, offering no protection against subtle wrist movements and grasping. Delayed detection of exudation / swelling: Early subcutaneous exudation and swelling are not obvious and difficult to identify visually; by the time it is discovered, tissue damage has already occurred, increasing the child's suffering and the risk of disputes.

[0003] In related technologies, the safety monitoring of intravenous infusions often involves measuring the drip rate and identifying abnormalities based on changes in the drip rate. This triggers an alarm to ensure that medical staff can promptly detect and address the abnormalities, thereby reducing the harm caused by infusion abnormalities.

[0004] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, monitoring the drip rate of the infusion tubing cannot effectively determine whether changes in the drip rate are related to actual infusion abnormalities. For example, the height of the puncture site on the child's arm affects the drip rate differently. The drip rate slows down when the puncture site is elevated and speeds up when it is lowered, even though these situations do not pose a risk to infusion safety. This can lead to false alarms in the alarm system, resulting in low accuracy in monitoring infusion safety and requiring improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To improve the accuracy of monitoring infusion safety, this application provides an infusion safety protection method based on multimodal monitoring.

[0006] This application provides a method for infusion safety protection based on multimodal monitoring, which adopts the following technical solution: A method for infusion safety protection based on multimodal monitoring, comprising: High-sensitivity temperature monitoring was performed on the puncture site and surrounding area of ​​the child to obtain temperature data; Gradient change analysis of temperature data is performed to determine the temperature distribution characteristics of the puncture point region; the temperature distribution characteristics include constrained distribution and diffuse distribution. If the temperature distribution in the puncture site area is a diffuse distribution, then an extravasation alarm signal will be output. If the temperature distribution in the puncture point area is a constrained distribution, then the temperature data in the puncture point area is continuously monitored to obtain a temperature dataset, and a stable image with stability is constructed based on the temperature dataset. Based on the temperature distribution gradient in the stable image, the correspondence between the drip rate of the infusion tube and the temperature distribution is constructed, and the drip rate calculation formula is obtained. The temperature data under continuous monitoring is judged based on the drip rate calculation formula to determine the drip rate data under the corresponding conditions, and the real-time calculated drip rate data is compared with the built-in drip rate threshold range. If the real-time drip rate data is less than the built-in drip rate threshold range, it is determined that the remaining amount of medicine is insufficient, and an infusion completion signal is output. If the real-time drip rate data exceeds the built-in drip rate threshold range, the drip rate is determined to be too fast, and a drip rate adjustment alarm signal is output.

[0007] Preferably, temperature data is matched with regional information to obtain a temperature distribution image; First image data of the puncture point and its surrounding area in the child are acquired, and the injection needle of the infusion set is identified based on the puncture point in the first image data to determine the puncture direction of the injection needle. The temperature distribution image is matched based on the puncture point and the puncture direction of the injection needle to determine the temperature data along the direction of the injection needle from the puncture point, thus obtaining directional temperature data to be judged. Perform temperature gradient analysis on the temperature data to be judged to determine the gradient change of the temperature data to be judged in the puncture direction; If the temperature change of the temperature data to be judged in the puncture direction is a gradual warming up, then based on the puncture direction, the temperature gradient judgment is made in other directions. If the temperature gradient in other directions is the lowest in the puncture direction, and the temperature in other surrounding directions is inversely proportional to the distance between the puncture direction and the puncture direction, then the temperature distribution in the puncture point area is determined to be a constrained distribution. Conversely, the temperature distribution in the puncture site area is determined to be a diffuse distribution.

[0008] Preferably, based on the temperature image, the temperature data located at the edge of the temperature image is determined and recorded as normal temperature data; Based on the temperature image, determine the temperature gradient data in the puncture direction in the temperature image, and match the temperature gradient data with the normal temperature data to determine the length of the low temperature region formed in the puncture direction due to the decrease in blood vessel temperature caused by the injection of drug solution. Record the low temperature region as the low temperature constraint line and the length of the low temperature region as the length of the low temperature constraint line. Based on the low-temperature constraint line and temperature gradient data, the temperature span on the low-temperature constraint line is determined, and the ratio between the temperature span and the length of the low-temperature constraint line is determined to obtain the first ratio data. Based on the time information, the first ratio data reflected by the temperature images at two adjacent time points are compared to determine whether the first ratio data are the same; If the first ratio data are the same, the temperature image corresponding to the first ratio data is determined to be a stable temperature image and is recorded as a stable image.

[0009] Preferably, the time data of the stable image is acquired, and the time span required from the start of infusion to the generation of the stable image is determined based on the time data of the stable image; The ratio of the time span to the length of the low-temperature constraint line is calculated to determine the low-temperature migration rate; The difference between the low-temperature migration rate and the built-in blood flow rate is calculated to obtain the first difference data; Based on the difference transformation relationship, the first difference data is calculated to obtain the drip rate data. Then, based on the drip rate data and the length of the low temperature constraint line, the data relationship between the drip rate and the length of the low temperature constraint line is constructed, and the drip rate calculation formula is obtained.

[0010] Preferably, the upper limit drip rate is a preset fixed value; The lower limit of the drip rate is specifically: continuously monitoring the low temperature constraint line; when the length of the low temperature constraint line becomes shorter, continuously monitoring the drip rate according to the low temperature constraint line and the drip rate calculation formula to obtain the drip rate change curve. Based on the drip rate change curve and the built-in drip rate unit volume, determine the volume loss curve corresponding to the drip rate change curve. Based on the drip rate change curve, the relationship between drip rate and height difference is constructed, and based on this relationship and the volume loss curve, the liquid level change curve in the dripper under the corresponding volume loss is determined. Based on the liquid level change curve and its relationship, the drip rate in the future time period is predicted, and the future drip rate data is obtained. The future drip rate data is matched with the subsequent actual drip rate data to determine the true value of the liquid level in the dripper, which is recorded as the true liquid level value. Based on the actual liquid level value, the relationship of change, and the unit volume of drip rate, the duration of the continuous liquid level is determined to obtain the first time data. Based on the first-time data, the drip rate is predicted, and the drip rate data corresponding to the time when the medicine liquid in the dripping pot runs out is determined and recorded as the lower limit drip rate.

[0011] Preferably, subsequent temperature images are acquired, and the lengths of the subsequent temperature images are compared with those of the low-temperature constraint lines in the stable images to determine the length changes of the low-temperature constraint lines. If the length of the low-temperature constraint line in the subsequent temperature image increases, the drop rate data corresponding to the low-temperature constraint line is calculated according to the drop rate calculation formula, and the drop rate data is compared with the upper limit drop rate in the built-in drop rate threshold range to determine whether the drop rate data exceeds the upper limit drop rate. If the length of the low-temperature constraint line in subsequent temperature images becomes shorter, the change in the length of the low-temperature constraint line will be continuously collected to obtain the length change curve. Determine the slope of the length change curve to identify the first slope data of the length change curve. Based on the time data, the stability of the first slope data is determined. If the first slope data remains unchanged within the built-in time threshold range, the slope of the liquid level change curve is judged to obtain the second slope data. Based on the time sequence, the ratio of the first slope data and the second slope data is calculated. If the ratio does not change, it is determined that the reason for the shortening of the low temperature constraint line is that the medicine in the bottle has been infused and an alarm signal is output. If the ratio of the first slope data to the second slope data changes, it is determined that the reason for the shortening of the low-temperature constraint line is that the height difference between the puncture point and the drip chamber has changed.

[0012] Preferably, the system acquires the information of the medicine bottle for each infusion of the child, determines the amount of medicine in the bottle based on the information, calculates the amount of medicine in the bottle based on the drip rate data, determines the remaining amount of medicine in the bottle, and outputs an alarm signal corresponding to the completion of the infusion when the calculated remaining amount is 0.

[0013] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: By utilizing the temperature difference between the infused medication and the child's blood, the safety of intravenous infusion is assessed. Temperature monitoring of the puncture site and surrounding area is performed, and the collected temperature data is analyzed to identify the optimal temperature parameters for assessing infusion safety, reducing interference from irrelevant data and making the assessment more accurate. Determining the temperature distribution at the puncture site helps identify subsequent safety concerns. A diffuse temperature distribution indicates extravasation, triggering an alarm and minimizing its impact on the child. A constrained temperature distribution requires continuous monitoring to ensure stable infusion and prevent air ingress. A stable drip rate calculation formula is constructed using the stabilized temperature image, providing a theoretical basis for determining the drip rate threshold range and ensuring the accuracy of subsequent infusion safety assessments. By leveraging the correlation between the injection needle and the infusion direction, the first image data is analyzed to identify the injection needle and preliminarily assess the infusion direction and determine the flow direction of the medication. This is then combined with the temperature distribution image of the corresponding area to determine the temperature data to be assessed in that direction. Gradient changes in this temperature data are then analyzed to determine whether the medication is flowing in the blood vessel, thus making the first assessment. Based on the temperature gradient obtained from the initial assessment, the temperature in the surrounding area is further assessed to determine whether the temperature distribution meets the characteristics of a constrained distribution. This makes the assessment of the constrained distribution more accurate, providing a reliable data foundation for subsequent infusion safety monitoring and improving the accuracy of the final safety assessment results. By analyzing the changes in the length of the cryogenic constraint line, if the length increases, the drip rate data corresponding to the increased length is compared with the upper limit of the built-in drip rate threshold range to determine if there is a risk of excessively fast dripping during the infusion process. If the length of the cryogenic constraint line decreases, the slope of the length change curve under the shortened condition is analyzed to determine whether the length change of the cryogenic constraint line is stable. Then, by analyzing the slope of the liquid level change curve in the drip chamber, the stability of the liquid level change is determined to further determine whether the shortening of the cryogenic constraint line is due to the completion of the infusion of the medicine, thereby improving the accuracy of infusion safety assessment during the infusion process. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of the infusion safety protection method based on multimodal monitoring in this embodiment; Detailed Implementation

[0015] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 This application will be described in further detail.

[0016] This application discloses an infusion safety protection method based on multimodal monitoring.

[0017] Example: Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for infusion safety protection based on multimodal monitoring, comprising: S1, performs highly sensitive temperature monitoring on the puncture site and surrounding area of ​​the child to obtain temperature data; S2, perform gradient change judgment on temperature data to determine the temperature distribution characteristics of the puncture point area; the temperature distribution characteristics include constrained distribution and diffuse distribution. S3, if the temperature distribution in the puncture point area is a diffusion distribution, then output an extravasation alarm signal; S4. If the temperature distribution in the puncture point area is a constrained distribution, then the temperature data in the puncture point area is continuously monitored to obtain a temperature dataset, and a stable image with stability is constructed based on the temperature dataset. S5. Based on the temperature distribution gradient in the stable image, the correspondence between the drip rate of the infusion tube and the temperature distribution is constructed, and the drip rate calculation formula is obtained. Among them, the temperature distribution refers to the length data corresponding to the temperature distribution gradient in the stable image, that is, the length of the low temperature constraint line mentioned later.

[0018] S6, based on the drip rate calculation formula, judges the continuously monitored temperature data to determine the corresponding drip rate data, and compares the real-time calculated drip rate data with the built-in drip rate threshold range. The drip rate threshold range includes an upper limit and a lower limit. The lower limit of the drip rate threshold range can also be determined by obtaining the information of the medication bottle to be administered to the child, thereby determining the content of the medication in the bottle, and then determining the minimum drip rate data corresponding to when the medication in the bottle is empty based on the medication content and drip rate data. The medication bottle information includes the name and dosage of the medication. The upper limit is a fixed limit for intravenous infusion rate (excessive rate can lead to over-dilution and edema).

[0019] S7. If the real-time drip rate data is less than the built-in drip rate threshold range, it is determined that the remaining amount of medicine is insufficient, and an infusion completion signal is output. S8, if the real-time drip rate data is greater than the built-in drip rate threshold range, it is determined that the drip rate is too fast and a drip rate adjustment alarm signal is output.

[0020] In this embodiment, the safety of intravenous infusion is assessed by utilizing the temperature difference between the infused medication and the child's blood. Temperature monitoring of the puncture site and surrounding area during infusion is performed, and the monitored temperature data is analyzed to identify the appropriate temperature data for assessing infusion safety, reducing interference from irrelevant data and making the assessment of infusion safety more accurate. By determining the temperature distribution characteristics of the puncture site area, subsequent safety issues need to be identified. If the temperature distribution is diffuse, extravasation can be directly identified, triggering an alarm and reducing the impact of extravasation on the child. If the temperature distribution is constrained, continuous monitoring of the puncture area ensures stable infusion and prevents air ingress. A drip rate calculation formula is constructed using the stabilized temperature image, providing a theoretical basis for subsequent drip rate threshold ranges and ensuring the accuracy of infusion safety assessments.

[0021] For example, during intravenous infusion safety monitoring in children, a wearable device is worn at the puncture site used for infusion to monitor the temperature of the puncture site and its surrounding area. Because the temperature of the infused medication is lower than the temperature of the blood in the body, the temperature of the blood in the vein changes (decreases) when the medication is infused into the vein, thus creating a temperature difference during temperature monitoring. That is, the temperature of the blood vessel receiving the infusion is lower than the temperature of the surrounding area.

[0022] Furthermore, based on the specific characteristics of this distribution, it can be determined whether the medication is accurately administered into the vein. When the medication is administered into a vein, the cooler medication flows along the vessel, causing a temperature drop along a section of the vessel. Due to the constraint of the vessel, the temperature diffusion is confined to the vicinity of the vessel. Therefore, based on the constrained pattern of the temperature distribution, it can be determined whether the medication is flowing normally within the vein. For example, it may diffuse outwards from the vessel center in a linear pattern.

[0023] If medication extravasation occurs due to a child's movement, the low temperature of the medication will cause a chilled area before swelling develops. Because of the poor circulation of tissue fluid in the skin layer, the low-temperature medication will accumulate, resulting in a concentrated and widespread chilled area from the extravasation. For example, it may spread in an arc or circle from a central point. Therefore, the diffusion pattern of temperature distribution around the child's puncture site can confirm the presence of medication extravasation during infusion.

[0024] When it is determined that the medication is being administered normally in the blood vessel, the infusion process is often prolonged, which can easily lead to caregivers not noticing in time. After the medication in the bottle is finished, air may remain in the infusion tubing. If this air enters the body, it can obstruct pulmonary circulation or the heart, causing difficulty breathing, chest pain, and decreased blood oxygen levels, which can be life-threatening in severe cases. Therefore, it is necessary to have an alarm function that can be activated promptly after the medication in the bottle is finished to ensure infusion safety.

[0025] Consider the medicine bottle, infusion set, and patient as a stable whole. When the medicine bottle contains medication, the infusion rate through the drip chamber in the infusion set remains constant until the medication is completely infused. Consequently, the temperature distribution corresponding to this infusion rate is also constant. Therefore, this characteristic can be used to analyze the temperature distribution and determine the medication infusion status within the medicine bottle.

[0026] Because of the flow of blood, the temperature collected in the initial state is not stable. Therefore, when judging the infusion situation based on the temperature distribution, it is first necessary to determine that the current temperature distribution is a stable temperature distribution. Therefore, when the temperature distribution is a constrained distribution, the temperature is continuously monitored to determine the temperature image in a stable state. At this time, the temperature on the temperature image is constant under ideal conditions.

[0027] By using the time data from the stabilized image, the time required from the initial infusion to the stable state can be determined. For example, at the beginning of the infusion, the hypothermic region is only near the puncture point. Due to blood flow, the hypothermic medication near the puncture point is carried to other directions. At this time, the hypothermic region moves continuously along the blood vessel. Assuming the blood vessel is a straight line, the hypothermic point moves along this line under the influence of blood. Due to heat conduction, the temperature of the hypothermic point gradually rises until it matches the blood temperature, thus forming a line with hypothermic properties. This line represents the transition from the initial state to the stable state. Therefore, the movement speed of this hypothermic point can be determined by combining the time data.

[0028] Since blood flow velocity is constant, the infusion rate of cryogenic medication affects blood flow velocity. Therefore, the drip rate is determined by comparing the measured movement velocity with the blood flow velocity. Continuous monitoring of this drip rate reveals that when the medication in the vial is depleted, the previously stable state changes, leading to a change in the drip rate. Specifically, the drip rate is initially affected by the height difference. When the needle delivers a drop of medication, the enclosed space within the drip chamber draws a drop from the vial to maintain a constant height. When the vial is depleted, the drip chamber stops replenishing, causing the height to decrease, reducing the height difference, and thus decreasing the drip rate.

[0029] Therefore, the reduced drip rate can be compared with the built-in drip rate threshold to determine the infusion status and output an alarm signal corresponding to that status. This enables accurate monitoring of the infusion and improves infusion safety.

[0030] In step S2, gradient change analysis is performed on the temperature data to determine the temperature distribution characteristics of the puncture point region; the temperature distribution characteristics include constrained distribution and diffuse distribution, and include the following steps: S21, Match the temperature data with the regional information to obtain a temperature distribution image; S22, acquire first image data of the puncture point and its surrounding area in the child, and identify the injection needle of the infusion set based on the puncture point in the first image data to determine the puncture direction of the injection needle; S23, Match the temperature distribution image based on the puncture point and the puncture direction of the injection needle to determine the temperature data along the direction of the injection needle from the puncture point, and obtain the directional temperature data to be judged. S24, Perform temperature gradient judgment on the temperature data to be judged, and determine the gradient change of the temperature data to be judged in the puncture direction; S25, if the temperature change of the temperature data to be judged in the puncture direction is gradually warming up, then according to the puncture direction, the temperature gradient judgment is made in other directions. S26. If the temperature gradient in other directions is the lowest in the puncture direction, and the temperature in other surrounding directions is inversely proportional to the distance between the puncture direction and the puncture direction, then the temperature distribution in the puncture point area is determined to be a constrained distribution. S27, conversely, the temperature distribution in the puncture site area is determined to be a diffusion distribution.

[0031] In this embodiment, when judging the distribution properties of the collected temperature data, the correlation between the injection needle and the infusion direction is utilized to identify the injection needle in the collected first image data, thereby initially assessing the infusion direction and determining the flow direction of the drug solution. Then, combined with the temperature distribution image in the corresponding area, the temperature data to be judged in the corresponding direction is determined. The gradient change of the temperature data to be judged is then judged to determine whether the drug solution is flowing in the blood vessel for the first judgment. Based on the temperature gradient obtained from the initial judgment, the temperature in the surrounding area of ​​the temperature gradient is further judged to further determine whether the temperature distribution meets the distribution characteristics of a constrained distribution. This makes the judgment of the constrained distribution more accurate, provides an accurate data basis for subsequent infusion safety monitoring, and improves the accuracy of the final safety assessment result.

[0032] For example, when determining the distribution characteristics of collected temperature data, it is first necessary to match the collected temperature data with its corresponding region, thereby visualizing the individual data into a temperature distribution image for each collection. When analyzing this temperature distribution image, due to the transitional nature of temperature during transmission, the temperature regions formed by the low-temperature medication are not uniform, i.e., they are all at a single temperature value. Therefore, in the judgment process, the direction of the medication flow is first determined. This flow direction corresponds to the injection needle, so the direction of the medication flow can be determined by identifying the injection needle. After determining the direction of the medication flow, the temperature gradient along that direction is judged. Since the low-temperature medication is affected by heat conduction and gradually warms up, this characteristic is used to match the temperature gradient along the corresponding direction, filtering out temperature gradients that satisfy this characteristic. Furthermore, since the low-temperature drug solution is normally constrained by the veins, the low temperature is concentrated in the veins. Therefore, this characteristic can be used to further determine the temperature in the area surrounding the veins, thereby verifying whether the temperature gradient that meets the warming characteristics is a phenomenon of the veins constraining the low-temperature drug solution, making the judgment of the temperature distribution properties more accurate.

[0033] In step S4, if the temperature distribution in the puncture point area is a constrained distribution, the temperature data in the puncture point area is continuously monitored to obtain a temperature dataset. A stable image with stability is then constructed based on the temperature dataset, including the following steps: S41, Based on the temperature image, determine the temperature data located at the edge of the temperature image and record this temperature data as normal temperature data; S42, Based on the temperature image, determine the temperature gradient data in the puncture direction in the temperature image, and match the temperature gradient data with the normal temperature data to determine the length of the low temperature region formed in the puncture direction due to the decrease in blood vessel temperature caused by the injection of drug solution. Record the low temperature region as the low temperature constraint line and the length of the low temperature region as the length of the low temperature constraint line. S43, based on the low-temperature constraint line and temperature gradient data, determine the temperature span on the low-temperature constraint line, and determine the ratio between the temperature span and the length of the low-temperature constraint line to obtain the first ratio data; where the temperature span refers to the temperature difference between the lowest temperature and the highest temperature on the low-temperature constraint line.

[0034] S44, Based on the time information, compare the first ratio data reflected by the temperature images at two adjacent time points to determine whether the first ratio data are the same; S45, if the first ratio data are the same, the temperature image corresponding to the first ratio data is determined to be a stable temperature image and recorded as a stable image.

[0035] In this embodiment, the normal temperature of the child is identified by the temperature image formed by the temperature data collected each time, and the length of the low temperature constraint line is determined based on the identified normal temperature data. The relationship between the length of the low temperature constraint line and the temperature span of the low temperature constraint line is determined by calculating the ratio. Then, by comparing the first ratio data of two temperature images at adjacent time points, the interference of the external environment on the judgment of stable images is reduced, and the judgment accuracy is improved.

[0036] For example, because the hypothermic drug gradually diffuses along the blood vessel from the puncture point, and due to the heat transfer (warming effect) of the hypothermic drug to the body, the temperature pattern detected when the child receives the hypothermic drug gradually changes and tends to stabilize. This is similar to the gradual change in the area of ​​water covering the surface as it flows from the point of puncture to the ground.

[0037] To establish the relationship between drip rate and temperature change, it is necessary to determine the time point corresponding to stability. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the stability of the temperature data collected each time. Since the temperature varies under different external environments, the temperature of the cryogenic drug solution also varies, resulting in slight differences in the length of the formed cryogenic constraint line. Therefore, by comparing the temperature difference with the length of the cryogenic constraint line, it is possible to determine whether the current temperature image is stable.

[0038] For example, when the external environment remains constant, the temperature of the cryogenic drug solution also remains constant, which in turn makes the temperature at the puncture point constant. When the temperature image is stable, the length of the cryogenic constraint line it shows also remains constant. Therefore, when the temperature span remains constant, the length of the cryogenic constraint line remains constant, and the ratio between the two remains constant. Thus, the first ratio data reflected by the temperature images at two adjacent time points remains constant.

[0039] When the external environment changes slightly, the temperature of the cryogenic solution also changes slightly, and the temperature at the puncture point also changes slightly. When the temperature image is stable, the length of the cryogenic constraint line will change accordingly with the temperature change of the cryogenic solution. At this time, if only the length of the cryogenic constraint line is compared, it is impossible to accurately determine its stability. However, due to the thermal conductivity of temperature, there is a certain mathematical relationship between the effective propagation distance of different temperatures. Therefore, by calculating the ratio between the temperature span and the length of the cryogenic constraint line, the constructed mathematical relationship remains unchanged. By using the first ratio data for judgment, the stability of the temperature image can still be accurately identified when the external environment changes, thus improving the accuracy of stable image recognition.

[0040] In step S5, based on the temperature distribution gradient in the stable image, the correspondence between the drip rate of the infusion tube and the temperature distribution is constructed to obtain the drip rate calculation formula, including the following steps: S51, acquire the time data of the stable image, and determine the time span required from the start of infusion to the generation of the stable image based on the time data of the stable image; S52, calculate the ratio of the time span to the length of the low-temperature constraint line to determine the low-temperature migration rate; S53, calculate the difference between the low-temperature migration rate and the built-in blood flow rate to obtain the first difference data; S54. Based on the difference transformation relationship, the first difference data is calculated to obtain the drip rate data. Based on the drip rate data and the length of the low temperature constraint line, the data relationship between the drip rate and the length of the low temperature constraint line is constructed, and the drip rate calculation formula is obtained.

[0041] In this embodiment, by using a stable image to determine the time required for the drug solution to stabilize after injection, and thus accurately determining the flow rate of the fluid in the blood vessel during the infusion process when the time and distance are known, and combining it with the blood flow rate under normal conditions, the change in flow rate caused by the input of the drug solution can be effectively determined, i.e., the drip rate data. Then, the relationship between the drip rate data and the length of the low temperature constraint line is constructed to obtain the drip rate calculation formula, which simplifies the subsequent process of judging the drip rate based on the temperature image and improves the data processing efficiency.

[0042] For example, since the blood flow rate is fixed, the time required for blood to flow through the cryo-constraint line in a blood vessel is also fixed when no cryo-medication is added. However, when cryo-medication is injected into the blood vessel, the more cryo-medication injected per unit time, the lower the corresponding temperature, and the faster the flow rate. Conversely, the less cryo-medication injected per unit time, the closer the flow rate is to the fixed value of the blood flow rate. Therefore, based on the time consumed from the start of infusion to the stable image and the length of the cryo-constraint line, the blood flow rate in the blood vessel after the corresponding cryo-medication injection is determined. Then, the actual flow rate (cryo-migration rate) can be compared with the flow rate under normal conditions (the inherent rate of blood flow) to determine the increase in flow rate caused by the injection (first difference data). Based on this increase in flow rate (first difference data), the actual infusion drip rate data can be determined, thus constructing a relationship between the length of the cryo-constraint line and the drip rate. This allows for the rapid determination of the current drug drip rate based on the drip rate calculation formula and the cryo-constraint line when relevant drip rate data is needed later.

[0043] Assuming the diameter of a blood vessel remains constant, the amount of blood it can hold is fixed. When additional fluid is introduced, the flow rate of the fluid in the blood vessel needs to be increased to maintain the same diameter.

[0044] In step S6, the temperature data continuously monitored afterward is judged based on the drip rate calculation formula to determine the drip rate data under the corresponding conditions, and the real-time calculated drip rate data is compared with the built-in drip rate threshold range, including the following steps: S61, acquire the subsequent temperature image, and compare the length of the subsequent temperature image with the low temperature constraint line in the stable image to determine the length change of the low temperature constraint line; S62, if the length of the low temperature constraint line in the subsequent temperature image becomes longer, calculate the drop rate data corresponding to the low temperature constraint line according to the drop rate calculation formula, and compare the drop rate data with the upper limit drop rate in the built-in drop rate threshold range to determine whether the drop rate data exceeds the upper limit drop rate. S63, if the length of the low-temperature constraint line in the subsequent temperature image becomes shorter, the change in the length of the low-temperature constraint line is continuously collected to obtain the length change curve; S64, determine the slope of the length change curve and identify the first slope data of the length change curve; S65, based on the time data, determine the stability of the first slope data. If the first slope data remains unchanged within the built-in time threshold range, then perform slope judgment on the liquid level change curve to obtain the second slope data. S66, according to the time sequence, calculate the ratio of the first slope data and the second slope data. If the ratio does not change, determine that the reason for the shortening of the low temperature constraint line is that the medicine in the bottle has been infused and output an alarm signal. If the reason is that the medicine in the bottle has been infused, determine whether an alarm is needed based on the lower limit drip rate to avoid the infusion experience caused by excessive alarms.

[0045] S67, if the ratio of the first slope data to the second slope data changes, it is determined that the reason for the shortening of the low-temperature constraint line is that the height difference between the puncture point and the drip chamber has changed.

[0046] In this embodiment, the length change of the cryogenic constraint line is judged. If the length of the cryogenic constraint line increases, the drip rate data corresponding to the increased cryogenic constraint line is compared with the upper limit drip rate in the built-in drip rate threshold range to determine whether there is a risk of excessive drip rate during infusion. If the length of the cryogenic constraint line decreases, the slope of the length change curve under the condition of shortening is judged to determine whether the length change of the cryogenic constraint line is stable. Then, the slope of the liquid level change curve in the drip chamber is judged to determine whether the liquid level change is stable, so as to further determine whether the reason for the shortening of the cryogenic constraint line is that the medicine infusion has been completed, thereby improving the accuracy of infusion safety judgment during infusion.

[0047] For example, when it is determined that the infusion set is in normal infusion state, it is necessary to monitor the infusion process of the child to avoid the infusion set introducing air into the blood vessel after the infusion is completed.

[0048] During normal intravenous infusion, if the infusion rate is too fast, it can significantly dilute the blood in the child's veins, leading to poor osmosis and potentially causing drug osmosis or adverse organ reactions. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the drip rate. According to the drip rate calculation formula, the external result of a faster drip rate is the length of the cryoprotective line. A faster drip rate means a higher concentration of cryoprotective medication per unit volume. This requires more energy to warm the medication to the body's normal temperature, resulting in a longer detectable cryoprotective line. A longer cryoprotective line indicates an increased drip rate. By comparing the actual drip rate with the child's tolerable upper limit, it is determined whether the drip rate exceeds the upper limit. If it does, an alarm is triggered to ensure the child's safety during the infusion process.

[0049] When the cryo-constraint line shortens, there are two possibilities: one is that the medication in the vial has been emptied, disrupting the constant environment of the drip chamber and causing a decrease in the drip rate, thus shortening the cryo-constraint line. The other possibility is that the child's movement causes a change (shortening) in the distance between the puncture point and the level of the medication in the drip chamber. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the cause of the shortened cryo-constraint line by analyzing both scenarios.

[0050] When a shortening of the cryogenic constraint line is detected, some medication will inevitably remain in the infusion tubing and drip chamber. Therefore, a delayed assessment and determination of the cause can be made based on this phenomenon. Thus, the length of the cryogenic constraint line is continuously monitored during this time period to determine its changes.

[0051] If the length of the cryo-restraint line fluctuates, it indicates that the shortening is due to changes in the height difference at the puncture point caused by the child's movement. Since the data in this case shows an irregular change in the length of the cryo-restraint line, the slope of the curve can be analyzed to determine whether the change in height difference is caused by movement. Once the cause of the shortening is identified, a corresponding alarm can be triggered to ensure the safety of the child's intravenous infusion process.

[0052] In step S6, the lower limit of the drip rate within the drip rate threshold range includes the following steps: S6a, continuously monitor the low temperature constraint line. When the length of the low temperature constraint line becomes shorter, continuously monitor the drip rate according to the low temperature constraint line and the drip rate calculation formula to obtain the drip rate change curve. S6b, based on the drip rate change curve and the built-in drip rate unit volume, determine the volume loss curve corresponding to the drip rate change curve; S6c, based on the drip rate change curve, construct the relationship between drip rate and height difference, and determine the liquid level change curve in the dripper under the corresponding volume loss according to the relationship and the volume loss curve; S6d, based on the liquid level change curve and the relationship between changes, predicts the drip rate in the future time period and obtains the future drip rate data; S6e matches the future drip rate data with the subsequent actual drip rate data to determine the true value of the liquid level in the dripper, which is recorded as the true liquid level value. S6f, based on the actual liquid level value, the change relationship and the unit volume of the drip rate, determines the duration of the continuous operation under the actual liquid level, and obtains the first time data; S6g, based on the first-time data, predicts the drip rate and determines the drip rate data corresponding to when the medicine liquid in the dripping pot runs out, which is recorded as the lower limit drip rate.

[0053] In this embodiment, a drip rate change curve is constructed by continuously statistically analyzing the drip rate data. Then, a volume loss curve corresponding to the drip rate change curve is constructed based on the volume of each drop of medication. The volume loss curve is used to determine the liquid level change in the drip chamber. Based on the drip rate change curve, the relationship between the drip rate and the height difference is determined. By comparing the liquid level change curve with this relationship, the drip rate situation in the future period is predicted. The predicted results are then matched with the actual results to determine the true liquid level in the drip chamber. Based on this true situation, the minimum drip rate data when the medication in the drip chamber is empty can be determined. This allows for real-time adjustment of the lower limit drip rate in the built-in drip rate threshold range, ensuring the accuracy of the drip rate threshold range in judging the infusion status and improving infusion safety.

[0054] For example, the dripping rate of the medication in an infusion set is affected by gravity. When there is medication in the bottle, the infusion set, from the drip chamber to the injection needle, forms a closed space. The medication in the infusion set drips downwards due to gravity, so that for every drop of medication dispensed by the injection needle, the corresponding drip chamber draws one drop from the bottle, thus maintaining the stability of the medication content in the drip chamber. When the medication content in the drip chamber is stable, the amount of medication dispensed by the injection needle is the same as the amount replenished by the drip chamber.

[0055] When the medicine bottle is emptied, the drip chamber can no longer draw medicine from it, causing the liquid level in the drip chamber to gradually decrease. Only when the drip chamber is completely emptied is there a possibility that air may enter the infusion tubing, causing harm during the infusion process. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the amount of medicine in the drip chamber and then determine the minimum drip rate accordingly.

[0056] By continuously collecting data along the low-temperature constraint line, the drip rate variation process is determined. Based on this variation, the corresponding amount of medication loss is calculated. Knowing the size of the infusion set, the diameter of the drip chamber is determined, allowing the assessment of the height change resulting from the medication loss. This height change is then used to predict the subsequent drip rate. The predicted result is then compared with the actual drip rate to determine the true liquid level. Knowing the true liquid level, the minimum drip rate that can be maintained by the remaining medication in the drip chamber can be determined based on the height change relationship.

[0057] For example, for every 10 drops of medicine, the liquid level in the dripping vessel changes by 1 mm, with a linear ratio of 10:1. However, the relationship between the dripping rate and the liquid level is non-linear, for example, y=x 2 Where x is the liquid level and y is the drip rate, the drip rate decreases as the liquid level decreases. However, since the relationship between the two is different, the liquid level in the drip chamber can be determined by comparing their mathematical relationships to find out when the conditions are met simultaneously. This allows for the calculation of the minimum drip rate when the liquid level is zero, thus helping to determine the safety of the child during the infusion process based on the drip rate.

[0058] Compared with existing infusion safety protection methods based on multimodal monitoring, this invention improves infusion safety.

[0059] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for infusion safety protection based on multi-modal monitoring, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: High-sensitivity temperature monitoring of the puncture point and the surrounding area of the child to obtain temperature data; Gradient change judgment on the temperature data to determine the temperature distribution property of the puncture point area; the temperature distribution property includes a constrained distribution and a diffusion distribution; If the temperature distribution property of the puncture point area is a diffusion distribution, an exosmosis alarm signal is outputted; If the temperature distribution property of the puncture point area is a constrained distribution, continuous monitoring is performed on the temperature data of the puncture point area to obtain a temperature data set, and a stable image with stability is constructed according to the temperature data set; Based on the distribution gradient of the temperature in the stable image, a corresponding relationship between the drip speed of the infusion tube and the temperature distribution is constructed to obtain a drip speed calculation formula; Based on the drip speed calculation formula, the temperature data of the subsequent continuous monitoring is judged to determine the drip speed data under the corresponding condition, and the real-time calculated drip speed data is compared with the built-in drip speed threshold interval; If the real-time state of the drip speed data is less than the built-in drip speed threshold interval, it is determined that the amount of the medicament is insufficient, and an infusion completion signal is outputted; If the real-time state of the drip speed data is greater than the built-in drip speed threshold interval, it is determined that the drip speed is too fast, and a drip speed adjustment alarm signal is outputted.

2. The infusion safety protection method based on multi-modal monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gradient change judgment on the temperature data to determine the temperature distribution property of the puncture point area; the temperature distribution property includes a constrained distribution and a diffusion distribution, specifically: Matching the temperature data with the area information to obtain a temperature distribution image; Obtaining first image data of the puncture point and the surrounding area of the child, and performing injection needle recognition of the infusion device on the first image data according to the puncture point to determine the puncture direction of the injection needle; Matching the temperature distribution image based on the puncture point and the puncture direction of the injection needle to determine the temperature data along the direction of the injection needle from the puncture point to obtain directional temperature data to be judged; Temperature gradient judgment is performed on the temperature data to be judged to determine the gradient change of the temperature data to be judged in the puncture direction; If the temperature change of the temperature data to be judged in the puncture direction is gradual rewarming, temperature gradient judgment is performed in other directions according to the puncture direction; If the temperature gradient in the other direction is the lowest temperature in the puncture direction, and the distance between the temperature in the other direction and the puncture direction is inversely proportional, it is determined that the temperature distribution property of the puncture point area is a constrained distribution; Otherwise, it is determined that the temperature distribution property of the puncture point area is a diffusion distribution.

3. The infusion safety protection method based on multi-modal monitoring according to claim 2, characterized in that: If the temperature distribution property of the puncture point area is a constrained distribution, continuous monitoring is performed on the temperature data of the puncture point area to obtain a temperature data set, and a stable image with stability is constructed according to the temperature data set, which comprises the following steps: According to the temperature image, the temperature data located at the edge position of the image is determined, and the temperature data is recorded as normal temperature data; According to the temperature image, the temperature gradient data in the puncture direction of the temperature image is determined, and the temperature gradient data is matched with the normal temperature data to determine the length of the low-temperature area formed in the puncture direction due to the input of the liquid medicine, which reduces the temperature of the blood vessel, the low-temperature area is recorded as a low-temperature constraint line, and the length of the low-temperature area is recorded as the length of the low-temperature constraint line. Determine a temperature span on the low-temperature constraint line based on the low-temperature constraint line and the temperature gradient data, determine a ratio between the temperature span and the length of the low-temperature constraint line, and obtain first ratio data; Compare the first ratio data reflected by the temperature images at two adjacent time points according to the time information, and determine whether the first ratio data is the same; If the first ratio data is the same, determine that the temperature image corresponding to the first ratio data is a stable temperature image, and mark it as a stable image.

4. The infusion safety protection method based on multi-modal monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: Construct a corresponding relationship between the drip speed of the infusion tube and the temperature distribution based on the distribution gradient of the temperature in the stable image, and obtain a drip speed calculation formula, including: Obtain time data of the stable image, and determine a time span required from the start of infusion to the generation of the stable image according to the time data of the stable image; Determine a low-temperature migration rate by ratio calculation of the time span and the length of the low-temperature constraint line; Determine first difference data by difference calculation of the low-temperature migration rate and the built-in blood flow rate; Calculate the first difference data based on a difference conversion relationship, obtain drip speed data, and construct a data relationship between the drip speed and the length of the low-temperature constraint line based on the drip speed data and the length of the low-temperature constraint line, and obtain a drip speed calculation formula.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The built-in drip speed threshold interval includes an upper limit drip speed and a lower limit drip speed; The upper limit drip speed is a preset fixed value; The lower limit drip speed is specifically: continuously monitor the low-temperature constraint line, when the length of the low-temperature constraint line becomes shorter, continuously monitor the drip speed according to the low-temperature constraint line and the drip speed calculation formula, and obtain a drip speed change curve; Determine a volume loss curve corresponding to the drip speed change curve according to the drip speed change curve and the built-in drip speed unit volume; Based on the drip speed change curve, construct a change relationship between the drip speed and the height difference, and determine a liquid level change curve in the drip jar corresponding to the volume loss according to the change relationship and the volume loss curve; Based on the liquid level change curve and the change relationship, predict the drip speed in a future time period, and obtain future drip speed data; Match the future drip speed data with the actual collected drip speed data, and determine the true value of the liquid level in the drip jar, marked as a liquid level true value; Determine a sustainable time length under the true liquid level based on the liquid level true value, the change relationship and the drip speed unit volume, and obtain first time data; Based on the first time data, predict the drip speed, determine the drip speed data corresponding to the time when the medicinal liquid in the drip jar flows out, and mark it as a lower limit drip speed.

6. The infusion safety protection method based on multi-modal monitoring according to claim 5, characterized in that: Based on the drip speed calculation formula, judge the temperature data continuously monitored subsequently, determine the drip speed data under the corresponding condition, and compare the drip speed data calculated in real time with the built-in drip speed threshold interval, including: Obtain subsequent temperature images, and compare the length of the low-temperature constraint line in the subsequent temperature images with the low-temperature constraint line in the stable image, and determine the length change of the low-temperature constraint line; If the length of the low-temperature constraint line in the subsequent temperature images becomes longer, calculate the drip speed data corresponding to the low-temperature constraint line according to the drip speed calculation formula, and compare the drip speed data with the upper limit drip speed in the built-in drip speed threshold interval, and determine whether the drip speed data exceeds the upper limit drip speed; If the length of the low-temperature constraint line in the subsequent temperature image becomes shorter, the change in the length of the low-temperature constraint line is continuously collected to obtain a length change curve; The slope of the length change curve is determined to obtain first slope data of the length change curve; According to the time data, the stability of the first slope data is determined, if the first slope data remains unchanged within the built-in time threshold, the slope of the liquid level change curve is determined to obtain second slope data; According to the time sequence, the first slope data and the second slope data are calculated by ratio, if the ratio does not change, it is determined that the reason for the shortening of the low-temperature constraint line length is that the drug liquid infusion in the medicine bottle is completed, and an alarm signal is output; If the ratio of the first slope data and the second slope data changes, it is determined that the reason for the shortening of the low-temperature constraint line length is that the height difference between the puncture point and the drip pot changes.

7. The infusion safety protection method based on multi-modal monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The information of the medicine bottle during each infusion of the child is obtained, and the amount of medicine liquid in the medicine bottle is determined according to the medicine bottle information, and the amount of medicine liquid is calculated according to the drop speed data to determine the remaining amount of medicine liquid in the medicine bottle, and when the calculated remaining amount is 0, an alarm signal corresponding to the completion of the medicine liquid infusion in the medicine bottle is output.

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