Temperature control method and system for blood vessel storage box and storage medium

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of precise temperature control, and discloses a blood vessel storage box temperature control method and system and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a real-time three-dimensional temperature field in a storage box through a fiber Bragg grating sensing network; a fuzzy self-adaptive PID controller is adopted, control parameters are adjusted on line according to temperature deviation, a control instruction is generated, an active heating unit in the system is composed of a tunable light source array and a metamaterial photo-thermal effect temperature control wall, light energy is instantly converted into heat energy through the surface plasma resonance effect according to the control instruction, and the heat energy is converted into heat energy through the heat energy. A thermal response hydrogel micro-valve is integrated in the microfluidic thermal management liner, when the local temperature exceeds the limit, the valve is automatically opened due to physical phase change, and local cooling liquid flow is instantly increased to eliminate hot spots. According to the invention, active accurate control and passive physical adaptive adjustment are combined, an active and passive cooperative control system is constructed, and the accuracy, uniformity and response speed of temperature control are significantly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of precision temperature control technology, and in particular to a method, system and storage medium for temperature control of a blood vessel storage box. Background Technology

[0002] In biomedical research and clinical applications, the ex vivo storage of biological samples such as blood vessels, tissues, and organs requires precise control of the ambient temperature. Even minor fluctuations or inhomogeneities in temperature can cause irreversible damage to the cell viability, structural integrity, and function of the sample, directly affecting transplantation success rates or the accuracy of research results. Therefore, developing a stable, uniform, and responsive temperature control technology is crucial for ensuring the quality of biological samples and extending their effective storage time.

[0003] Existing biological sample storage devices typically employ traditional heating or cooling methods, such as Peltier effect thermoelectric coolers, compressor cooling cycles, or resistance heating wires for temperature regulation. However, these traditional methods generally have technical limitations. On the one hand, due to the inherent delay in heat conduction and the limitations of the material's own heat capacity, these systems often respond slowly to temperature changes or external disturbances, making it difficult to achieve rapid and precise temperature regulation. This makes the system prone to overshoot or undershoot after reaching the target temperature, resulting in temperature fluctuations within a certain range.

[0004] On the other hand, traditional temperature control methods typically employ global heating or cooling strategies, applying or removing heat from the outside of the storage container or at specific points. This approach struggles to effectively eliminate temperature gradients within the storage container. Due to uneven thermal conductivity of the storage medium, differences in metabolic heat production within the sample itself, and the influence of spatial geometry, hot or cold spots often form inside the storage container, meaning that the temperature in localized areas deviates significantly from the set target value. This temperature non-uniformity is extremely detrimental to sensitive biological samples, potentially leading to sample degradation or inactivation in some areas, thereby reducing overall sample usability and storage quality. Furthermore, traditional temperature sensors (such as thermocouples and thermistors) are usually distributed in a point-like pattern, making it difficult to provide high spatial resolution temperature field information. This hinders accurate monitoring and localized intervention of the internal temperature distribution, further exacerbating the challenge of temperature uniformity control. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method, system, and storage medium for temperature control of a blood vessel storage box, which solves the problems of slow response speed, uneven temperature field, and difficulty in quickly suppressing local hot spots in existing biological sample storage box temperature control technologies.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The first aspect of this invention provides a method for temperature control of a blood vessel storage box. The method includes the following steps: First, obtain real-time temperature information inside the blood vessel storage box.

[0007] Next, based on the deviation between the real-time temperature information inside the vascular storage box and the preset target temperature, a tunable light source array is controlled to emit a light beam towards the metamaterial photothermal effect temperature-controlled wall on the inner wall of the vascular storage box. After receiving the light beam, the metamaterial photothermal effect temperature-controlled wall converts the light energy of the beam into heat energy, actively heating the vascular storage box. The metamaterial photothermal effect temperature-controlled wall, through incident light intensity I... in (x,y) and light absorption efficiency η abs (λ QD A heat flux density Q is generated at a local location (x,y). gen (x, y), the relationship is: Q gen (x,y)=η abs (λ QD )·I in (x,y); Where, λ QD λ is the wavelength of the incident light beam.

[0008] Simultaneously, in the microfluidic thermal management liner of the vascular storage box, when the local area temperature T in the microfluidic thermal management liner... local Exceeding the preset phase transition threshold temperature T th At that time, the thermally responsive hydrogel microvalve integrated in the local area undergoes volume contraction, thereby increasing the local flow rate q of the coolant flowing through the local area. local (x, y). The local flow rate q local (x,y) and the hydraulic resistance R of the region where the micro-valve is located h (x, y) are inversely proportional, and the volume V of the thermally responsive hydrogel microvalve is... gel The relationship with temperature is as follows: Among them, V swollen V is the volume in the state of water absorption and expansion. shrunk This refers to the volume in the contracted state. The change in the volume of the hydrogel affects the hydraulic resistance R. h (x,y) enables passive adaptive cooling of the local area.

[0009] Preferably, obtaining real-time temperature information inside the vascular storage box includes: real-time monitoring of the Bragg wavelength shift Δλ of each fiber Bragg grating in the fiber Bragg grating sensor network embedded in the vascular storage box. B Based on the Bragg wavelength shift of each fiber Bragg grating in the sensor network, the temperature data of each distributed node in the sensor network is determined. The temperature change ΔT and the Bragg wavelength shift Δλ are related. B The relationship between them is: Δλ B =λ B ·K T ·ΔT; Where, λ B K is the initial Bragg wavelength. T The composite thermal sensitivity coefficient of the fiber Bragg grating is given. Real-time temperature information inside the vascular storage box is constructed based on temperature data from each distributed node in the sensor network.

[0010] In one specific embodiment, the step of controlling the tunable light source array based on the deviation between the real-time temperature information inside the blood vessel storage box and the preset target temperature includes: controlling the deviation E and the rate of change of the deviation. Fuzzification is performed to obtain the corresponding fuzzy linguistic variables; based on a preset fuzzy rule base, fuzzy inference is performed on the fuzzy linguistic variables to obtain the proportional parameter K of the PID controller. p Integral parameter K i Differential parameter K d Increment ΔK p ,ΔK i ,ΔK d ; set the current proportional parameter K of the PID controller p Integral parameter K i Differential parameter K d Each is related to the corresponding proportional parameter K of the PID controller. p Integral parameter K i Differential parameter K d Increment ΔK p ,ΔK i ,ΔK d The summation is performed to update the proportional parameter K of the PID controller online. p Integral parameter K i Differential parameter K d The updated PID controller is used to generate power output commands for different units in the tunable light source array based on the deviation.

[0011] More preferably, the tunable light source array is a quantum dot array light source.

[0012] Preferably, the surface of the metamaterial photothermal effect temperature-controlled wall has a metallic dielectric nanostructure for exciting surface plasmon resonance effects.

[0013] In one specific embodiment, the local temperature in the microfluidic thermal management liner exceeding the preset phase transition threshold temperature is caused by the local heating of the metamaterial photothermal effect temperature-controlled wall by the light beam emitted by the tunable light source array.

[0014] Preferably, the coolant is a eutectic solvent or an ionic liquid.

[0015] In one specific embodiment, when the temperature of a local area in the microfluidic thermal management liner recovers to below the phase change threshold temperature, the thermally responsive hydrogel microvalve absorbs water and expands, returning to its state before volume shrinkage, thereby reducing the local flow rate.

[0016] A second aspect of the present invention provides a temperature control system for a blood vessel storage box, the system comprising: The sensing module is used to acquire real-time temperature information inside the blood vessel storage box; A metamaterial photothermal effect temperature-controlled wall is disposed on the inner wall of the blood vessel storage box; A tunable light source array configured to emit a light beam toward the photothermal control wall of the metamaterial; A microfluidic thermal management liner, which integrates at least one thermally responsive hydrogel microvalve and is filled with coolant; A control module is connected to the sensing module and the tunable light source array. The control module controls the tunable light source array based on the deviation between the real-time temperature information and a preset target temperature.

[0017] Furthermore, the thermally responsive hydrogel microvalve is configured to shrink in volume when the temperature of its local area exceeds a preset phase change threshold temperature, thereby increasing the local flow rate of the coolant flowing through the local area.

[0018] A third aspect of the present invention provides a storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the temperature control method for a blood vessel storage box as described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0019] In summary, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. This invention, by combining a tunable light source array with a metamaterial photothermal effect temperature-controlled wall, can project light energy non-contactly and precisely onto a specific area of ​​the inner wall of the storage box, and utilize the surface plasmon resonance effect to instantly convert the light energy into interface heat energy. This non-contact, on-demand energy input method avoids the thermal inertia of traditional heating methods, enabling the system to respond quickly to temperature deviations, thereby achieving high-precision maintenance of the target temperature.

[0020] 2. This invention integrates thermally responsive hydrogel microvalves into the microfluidic thermal management liner, constructing a passive adaptive cooling mechanism. When any local area experiences temperature overshoot due to active heating or external disturbance, the microvalves in that area will open autonomously due to physical phase change, instantly increasing the local coolant flow to eliminate hot spots. This distributed, physically driven self-regulating mechanism requires no central control intervention and can quickly suppress local temperature fluctuations, significantly improving the uniformity and stability of the temperature field inside the entire storage box.

[0021] 3. This invention combines active and precise heating control based on fuzzy adaptive PID algorithm with passive and adaptive local cooling physical mechanism based on hydrogel phase change. The active control system is responsible for macroscopic and precise temperature tracking and compensation, while the passive adjustment mechanism is responsible for handling instantaneous and local thermal disturbances. This active-passive collaborative working mode reduces the dependence on a single complex control system and forms a robust control system with complementary functions and high fault tolerance, ensuring the long-term maintenance of temperature control accuracy and uniformity in dynamic environments. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the method of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the collaborative control decision-making process based on fuzzy adaptive PID of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of active photothermal effect fine control of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the active-passive coordinated closed-loop control process of the system according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall system structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] See attached document Figure 1 This invention provides a method for temperature control of a blood vessel storage box. This method, executed by a control module, may include the following initialization and target parameter setting steps: The self-test procedure sequentially checks the status of each functional unit connected to the control module. These functional units include: a fiber Bragg grating sensor network, a spectrometer demodulator, a tunable light source array, and a microfluidic circulating pump. Once the control module confirms that all functional units are functioning normally and that communication connections are valid, it proceeds to the parameter setting phase.

[0025] During the parameter setting phase, the system receives the global target temperature T input by the operator through the human-machine interface. set Global target temperature T set It is the constant temperature value that needs to be maintained throughout the entire vascular storage process.

[0026] Simultaneously, the system also receives the phase change threshold temperature T, input by the operator, corresponding to the physical properties of the thermally responsive hydrogel microvalve integrated in the microfluidic thermal management liner, which is in line with the physical characteristics of the valve. th Phase transition threshold temperature T th This is the critical temperature point that determines whether the thermally responsive hydrogel microvalve undergoes volume shrinkage or expansion. The control module receives the global target temperature T. set With phase transition threshold temperature T th Stored in its internal non-volatile memory. As the core input parameter for subsequent closed-loop control algorithms.

[0027] In addition, a set of preset initial PID control parameters, including the initial proportional parameter K. p0 Initial integration parameters K i0 and initial differential parameter K d0 A fuzzy rule base for online adjustment of PID control parameters is pre-programmed and stored in the control module's memory. After loading and setting the above parameters, the system initialization process ends, and the system prepares to enter the real-time closed-loop control stage.

[0028] After initialization and target parameter setting are completed, the method enters the real-time closed-loop control stage, which first constructs and processes the real-time temperature field.

[0029] The control module injects a broadband optical signal into the fiber Bragg grating sensor network using a broadband light source (such as a superluminescent diode). The fiber Bragg grating sensor network consists of multiple optical fibers arranged in a pre-defined three-dimensional matrix grid within the internal space of the blood vessel storage container. Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technology is used on each fiber at different spatial coordinates (x, y, z). i ,y i ,z i Multiple unique initial Bragg wavelengths λ are inscribed at this location. B,i,ref Fiber Bragg gratings are used as sensing nodes.

[0030] When a broadband optical signal propagates along an optical fiber, each fiber Bragg grating reflects only a specific narrowband spectrum that matches its Bragg wavelength. The reflected spectral signal is guided to a demodulator via an optical fiber circulator. The demodulator then resolves the peak wavelength λ of the reflected spectrum at each sensing node in real time with high precision. B,i (t).

[0031] The control module uses the real-time peak wavelength λ collected by the spectral demodulator. B,i (t), calculate the temperature change ΔT at each sensing node. i This calculation is based on the temperature sensing principle of fiber Bragg gratings, and the specific calculation formula is as follows: Where, ΔT i λ represents the temperature change of the i-th sensing node relative to the reference temperature. B,i (t) represents the real-time Bragg wavelength of the i-th sensing node measured at time t; λ B,i,ref For the i-th sensing node at a known reference temperature T ref The initial Bragg wavelength; K T λ is the composite thermodynamic coefficient of the optical fiber material, which is a known physical constant. B It represents the thermal conductivity of a substance.

[0032] Through the above calculations, the control module obtains a set of absolute temperature data from a spatially discrete distribution of sensing nodes: {T i (x i ,y i ,z i ,t)|T i =T ref +ΔT i}; Among them, T i (x i ,y i ,z i ,t) represents the spatial coordinates (x,t) i ,y i ,z i ) and temperature T at time t i T i =T ref +ΔT j T represents the state of a condition or equation. ref It is a known reference point temperature, typically a measurement under standard conditions, ΔT j It represents the amount of temperature change.

[0033] To obtain the continuous temperature distribution inside the entire storage box, the control module further executes a spatial interpolation algorithm to process the discrete temperature data set.

[0034] In one specific embodiment, the spatial interpolation algorithm employs Kriging interpolation. The control module calculates the correlation between spatial points based on the temperature values ​​of all discrete nodes using a preset variogram model, and performs an unbiased optimal estimate of the temperature value at any unmeasured point inside the vascular storage box.

[0035] By performing Kriging interpolation, the control module generates a high-resolution three-dimensional temperature data matrix T(x,y,z,t). This data matrix represents the continuous temperature field distribution within the entire internal space of the vascular storage box at time t. This temperature field distribution information is temporarily stored in the control module's internal random access memory and refreshed during each sensing cycle. This temperature field distribution information will serve as the direct input for subsequent fuzzy adaptive PID control decisions.

[0036] See attached document Figure 2 After acquiring the data matrix T(x,y,z,t) representing the continuous temperature field distribution within the entire vascular storage box, the method proceeds to execute the collaborative control decision-making step. First, the control module calculates the current temperature deviation matrix E(x,y,z,t) and the deviation change rate matrix. The temperature deviation matrix is ​​obtained by setting the preset global target temperature T. set The deviation rate of change matrix is ​​obtained by subtracting the corresponding points in the real-time temperature field distribution data matrix T(x,y,z,t). The deviation rate of change matrix is ​​obtained by calculating the difference between the current temperature deviation matrix and the temperature deviation matrix of the previous control cycle, and then dividing by the control cycle duration Δt. For control calculations, the control module extracts the deviation value E(t) and its deviation rate of change for one or more key control points from the temperature deviation matrix. As input to the fuzzy controller, the critical control point is a predetermined location where temperature fluctuations are most significant or have the greatest impact on the stored items.

[0037] Next, the control module measures the deviation value E(t) and the rate of change of deviation. These two precise numerical values ​​are then fuzzified. This process maps the precise input values ​​to a predefined fuzzy set. The fuzzy set consists of multiple linguistic variables, such as {negative large (NB), negative medium (NM), negative small (NS), zero (ZO), positive small (PS), positive medium (PM), positive large (PB). Each linguistic variable corresponds to a membership function (e.g., a triangular or Gaussian membership function), which defines the degree to which the input value belongs to that linguistic variable, and its value range is [0,1].

[0038] After fuzzification is completed, the control module performs fuzzy inference based on a preset fuzzy rule base. The fuzzy rule base is a series of rules: A set of conditional statements in the form of A, B, C, D, and E, where A, B, C, D, and E are the aforementioned linguistic variables. The fuzzy rule base is designed to cover various operating conditions and is stored in the control module's memory. The fuzzy inference engine (e.g., using the Mamdani inference method) activates the corresponding rules based on the membership degrees of the input variables and calculates the increments ΔK of the three parameters of the PID controller. p ,ΔK i ,ΔK d The fuzzy output.

[0039] Since the fuzzy output is still a fuzzy set, the control module performs a defuzzification operation to convert it into a precise numerical value. In one specific embodiment, the defuzzification uses the center of gravity method to calculate the geometric center of the area covered by the fuzzy output set, and uses the x-coordinate of this center point as the precise parameter increment value ΔK. p ,ΔK i ,ΔK d .

[0040] After obtaining the precise parameter increment values, the control module updates the three core parameters of the PID controller online. The specific update process involves summation: K p (t)=K p (t-1)+ΔK p ; K i (t)=K i (t-1)+ΔK i ; K d K d (t)=K d (t-1)+ΔK d ; Among them, K p (t),K i (t),K d (t) represents the updated proportional, integral, and derivative parameters at the current time; K p (t-1),K i (t-1),K d (t-1) represents the proportional, integral, and derivative parameters of the previous control cycle, respectively.

[0041] Finally, the control module uses the updated PID parameter K p (t),K i (t),K dBased on the deviation value E(t), the control output U(t) for the current control cycle is calculated using a discrete PID algorithm. This control output U(t) is then converted into power output commands for different concurrent units in the tunable light source array to execute the next step of fine-tuning the active photothermal effect.

[0042] See attached document Figure 3 After the control module generates the control output U(t) using the updated PID parameters, the method then executes the active photothermal effect fine control step.

[0043] The control module first converts the scalar control output U(t) into a two-dimensional power output command matrix P(x,y,t). This conversion process is based on the projection distribution of the previously calculated temperature deviation matrix E(x,y,z,t) onto the inner wall (x,y) of the blood vessel storage box. Specifically, the control module identifies the areas that need to be heated (i.e., areas with negative deviations) and proportionally allocates the total control output U(t) according to the magnitude of the deviation at each point, thereby generating a power output command P for each independent light source unit in the tunable light source array. ij (t).

[0044] The tunable light source array is a quantum dot array light source, comprising a two-dimensional array of multiple independently addressable quantum dot light-emitting diode (QD-LED) units. The control module, through a driving circuit, transmits each instruction P in the power output command matrix P(x,y,t). ij (t) is applied to the corresponding QD-LED unit. After receiving its power command, each QD-LED unit emits a beam of light with an intensity proportional to the power command and a wavelength precisely matched to the absorption peak of the metamaterial's photothermal effect temperature-controlled wall.

[0045] After being emitted from the tunable light source array, the light beam passes through the transparent outer wall of the vascular storage box and is directly projected onto the metamaterial photothermal effect temperature-controlled wall deposited on the inner wall of the vascular storage box. The surface of the metamaterial photothermal effect temperature-controlled wall has a periodic metallic nanostructure, such as an array of gold nanoparticles embedded in a silica medium.

[0046] When an incident light beam of a specific wavelength interacts with a metallic nanostructure, the energy of the incident photons couples with the collective oscillations of free electrons on the metal surface, exciting a surface plasmon resonance effect. Under this resonance condition, light energy is captured and converted into the energy of surface plasmon polaritons with extremely high efficiency. The surface plasmon polaritons decay rapidly through a nonradiative relaxation path, and their energy is dissipated as Joule heat in the nanostructure and its near-field region, thus achieving an instantaneous and highly efficient conversion of light energy into heat energy.

[0047] The heat flux density Q generated at the local location (x,y) during this photothermal conversion process gen (x,y,t) can be described by the following formula: Q gen (x,y,t)=η abs (λ)·I in (x,y,t); Among them, I in (x,y,t) is the beam intensity at position (x,y) on the inner wall at time t, and its magnitude is determined by the power output command P. ij (t) determines; η abs (λ) represents the absorption efficiency of the metamaterial photothermal effect temperature-controlled wall at the incident light wavelength λ. Due to the surface plasmon resonance effect, this value is close to 1 at the resonance wavelength. In this way, the system generates a dynamically adjustable distributed heat source on the inner wall of the blood vessel storage box that precisely matches the temperature deviation distribution, thereby actively heating the blood vessel storage box.

[0048] While performing active photothermal effect fine control, or when an instantaneous hot spot exceeding the preset temperature is generated in a local area due to active control, the method simultaneously executes a passive adaptive local thermal management step.

[0049] In a microfluidic thermal management liner of a vascular storage box, multiple thermoresponsive hydrogel microvalves are pre-integrated in a two-dimensional array, and a constant total flow rate of coolant continuously circulates within the liner's microchannel network. When the active heating unit generates a high-intensity heat flux in a localized region (x, y) of the inner wall, this heat is conducted to the corresponding localized region of the microfluidic thermal management liner, causing the local temperature T in that region to rise. local The temperature rises and exceeds the preset phase transition threshold temperature T. th .

[0050] The thermally responsive hydrogel microvalve, positioned in a localized region, is composed of a polymer with a low critical solution temperature (LCST), such as poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM). When the local temperature T... local Below its phase transition threshold temperature T th At LCST (Liquid Crystallization Time), the hydrogel's molecular chains are hydrophilic, adsorbing water molecules from the coolant and thus exhibiting a highly swollen volume V. swollen In this state, the swollen hydrogel forms a large throttling structure within the microchannel, generating high local hydraulic resistance R. h,high° Once the local temperature T local Rise to equal or above the phase transition threshold temperature T thDuring this process, a phase transition occurs within the hydrogel, where the molecular chains change from hydrophilic to hydrophobic. This causes the polymer chains to collapse and rapidly expel adsorbed water molecules. This process reduces the macroscopic volume of the hydrogel from V0 to V1. swollen Rapidly contracted to V shrunk .

[0051] The volume shrinkage of the hydrogel microvalve directly increases the effective flow cross-sectional area of ​​the coolant within the microchannel, thereby causing the local hydraulic resistance in this region to increase from R... h,high Significantly reduced to R h,low Under the condition that the total pressure difference ΔP across the entire microchannel network is constant, maintained by a micropump, the coolant flow rate q through this local region is... local With local hydraulic resistance R h They are inversely proportional: Where, q local (x,y) represents the local heat flux density at coordinates (x,y), ΔP represents the pressure difference, and R h (T local ) represents thermal resistance.

[0052] Therefore, the reduction in hydraulic resistance will instantaneously and significantly increase the coolant flow rate q in that local area. local .

[0053] A higher flow rate of coolant at a lower temperature (such as a eutectic solvent or ionic liquid) flows through the high-temperature region, rapidly removing accumulated heat through forced convection heat transfer, thus effectively cooling the local hot spot. This process is entirely driven by the physical phase change of the material, requiring no external sensing, calculation, or control commands, achieving passive and adaptive local thermal management.

[0054] When the temperature T in this local area local Cooled to below the phase transition threshold temperature T th Afterwards, the molecular chains of the hydrogel regain their hydrophilicity, reabsorb water and swell, and its volume changes from V... shrunk Restore to V swollen This recovery process causes the local hydraulic resistance to rise back to R. h,high The local coolant flow rate automatically decreases to the normal baseline level. This reversible physical process ensures that the entire system can continuously and autonomously suppress any potential local hot spots.

[0055] See attached document Figure 4 The aforementioned steps of real-time temperature field construction, collaborative control decision-making, active photothermal regulation, and passive thermal management together constitute a continuously operating closed-loop control process that combines active and passive coordination.

[0056] Within a complete control cycle Δt, the process first captures discrete temperature data at time t using a fiber Bragg grating sensor network, and then constructs a complete real-time temperature field distribution T(x,y,z,t) using a spatial interpolation algorithm. This temperature field distribution provides a comprehensive characterization of the current thermodynamic state of the system.

[0057] The control module compares the real-time temperature field distribution T(x,y,z,t) with the preset global target temperature T. set The parameters are compared to generate a temperature deviation matrix E(x,y,z,t). This deviation matrix serves as the core input and is fed into a fuzzy adaptive PID controller. Based on this deviation and its rate of change, the controller adjusts its internal proportional, integral, and derivative parameters online and calculates the precise control output U(t) used to compensate for the deviation.

[0058] Based on the control output U(t), the control module generates a power output command matrix P(x,y,t) for the tunable light source array, driving the light source array to precisely and non-uniformly heat the metamaterial photothermal effect temperature-controlled wall. This is an active, centrally controlled macroscopic control loop aimed at bringing the overall system temperature close to the target temperature T. set .

[0059] Meanwhile, a passive, physically driven micro-adaptive loop operates in parallel. This occurs when active heating or any other factor causes the temperature T in an arbitrary local region to rise. local Exceeding the phase transition threshold temperature T th At that time, the thermally responsive hydrogel microvalve in this area will undergo a physical phase change and open autonomously, instantly increasing the local coolant flow rate. This process is independent of the central control module, enabling rapid and precise suppression of local hot spots.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment, the technical features of the thermally responsive hydrogel microvalve are further described in detail below: First, the phase transition threshold temperature T of the thermally responsive hydrogel microvalve. th It is not a fixed value, but rather precisely preset during the preparation stage through molecular design and copolymerization modification of the material, so that it aligns with the system's preset global target temperature T. set This forms an exact match. Its settings follow T. th =T set +ΔT margin The principle, in which ΔT margin This is a preset safety margin (e.g., set between 1°C and 3°C). This safety margin ensures that the micro-valve operates normally at the target temperature T. set It remains in a closed (swelling) state and is only activated when there is an abnormal increase in local temperature that exceeds the allowable range.

[0061] T, commonly used for storing biological samples set For example, at 4℃, it can be set Therefore, it is necessary to prepare a T th A thermoresponsive hydrogel with a precise temperature response of 6°C. The technique employed in this embodiment involves using poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) (whose LCST in pure water is approximately 32°C) as the matrix material and introducing a specific molar ratio of a strongly hydrophobic comonomer (e.g., N-tert-butylacrylamide, NtBAm) during the polymerization stage. The introduction of the hydrophobic comonomer regulates the overall hydrophilic / hydrophobic balance of the polymer chain, disrupting the hydrogen bonding between the polymer and water molecules, causing the copolymer to undergo chain collapse and phase separation at a lower temperature (i.e., 6°C). By precisely controlling the feed ratio of NIPAM to NtBAm in the prepolymerization solution, a thermoresponsive hydrogel with a precise temperature response of 6°C can be achieved. th Precise customization to adapt to different target temperatures T set .

[0062] Secondly, the hydrogel microvalve effectively eliminates hot spots upon contraction. The physical principle behind this is that the hydrogel undergoes a phase transition, resulting in a significant volume shrinkage rate (e.g., 5 to 10 times or more), which dramatically increases the effective flow cross-sectional area A of the microchannel at the valve's location. Driven by a constant total pressure difference ΔP maintained by a micropump, according to microfluidic principles (such as a generalized form of Hagen-Poiseuille's law), the local hydraulic resistance R of this channel... h With a higher power of the effective flow cross-sectional area A (e.g., A 2 (or higher) is approximately inversely proportional. Therefore, a significant increase in cross-sectional area A will lead to a decrease in local hydraulic resistance R. h It drops by one to two orders of magnitude instantaneously.

[0063] Due to the local coolant flow rate q local With local hydraulic resistance R h Inversely proportional (q) local ∝1 / R h ),R h The sudden drop will cause q local The instantaneous surge is one to two orders of magnitude. According to the principle of forced convection heat transfer, the cooling rate Q of the hot spot region... cool It is proportional to the convective heat transfer coefficient h, and h is positively correlated with the local Reynolds number Re of the fluid (Re is proportional to the flow velocity v). Therefore, q local The surge in velocity (i.e., the surge in v) leads to a significant increase in local Re, which in turn increases the convective heat transfer coefficient h by more than an order of magnitude. This enhanced heat transfer effect, resulting from both flow velocity and heat transfer coefficient, ensures that the accumulated heat can be efficiently removed in a very short time, thereby rapidly and effectively reducing the local temperature T. local Suppressing the return to the safe threshold T th the following.

[0064] The combined effect of active heating and passive cooling evolves the system's thermodynamic state to a new state at time t+Δt. At the start of the next control cycle, the fiber Bragg grating sensor network will again measure the temperature field distribution T(x,y,z,t+Δt) at this moment, thus initiating a new round of closed-loop control iterations.

[0065] Through continuous, high-frequency cycling of the above steps, this invention combines an algorithm-based precise control loop with a physical law-based adaptive stabilization loop, forming a collaborative control system. This system continuously monitors the system status and simultaneously corrects temperature deviations through both active and passive mechanisms, thereby ensuring that the temperature inside the vascular storage box can be maintained stably at the preset target value over a long period, while maintaining a high degree of spatial uniformity.

[0066] See attached document Figure 5 The present invention provides a temperature control system for a blood vessel storage box, which is a physical carrier for implementing the aforementioned temperature control method.

[0067] The system is centered around a vascular storage box, and its overall structure physically integrates a sensing module, a control module, an active heating unit, and a microfluidic thermal management pad.

[0068] The sensing module consists of a fiber Bragg grating sensing network and a spectrometer connected to it optically. The fiber Bragg grating sensing network comprises multiple single-mode fibers, each inscribed with a fiber Bragg grating, wound or fixed three-dimensionally onto the internal support structure of the blood vessel storage box in an orthogonal grid layout, forming a distributed sensing node matrix covering the entire internal space. The spectrometer is connected to the sensing network via a fiber optic interface and is used to analyze the wavelength drift data of each sensing node in real time.

[0069] The control module is a printed circuit board, with a digital signal processor (DSP) at its core. The input port of the control module is connected to the data output port of the spectrometer demodulator to receive and process temperature data. The output port of the control module is connected to the drive circuit of the tunable light source array in the active heating unit to send power control commands. The internal memory of the control module contains the control program, including the fuzzy adaptive PID algorithm described in the aforementioned embodiments.

[0070] The active heating unit consists of a tunable light source array located outside the vascular storage box and a metamaterial photothermal effect temperature-controlled wall deposited on the inner wall of the vascular storage box. The tunable light source array is a quantum dot light-emitting diode (QD-LED) array integrated on a planar substrate, and each light-emitting unit can be independently addressed and its power controlled by the control module. The metamaterial photothermal effect temperature-controlled wall is a metal-dielectric composite thin film with a periodic gold nanoparticle array prepared by physical vapor deposition.

[0071] The microfluidic thermal management liner is a flexible liner made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with a pre-defined microchannel network, which fits tightly against the outer wall of the vascular storage box. At specific intersections or narrow channel regions of the microchannel network, thermoresponsive hydrogel microvalves made of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) are integrated through in-situ polymerization. The liner's inlet and outlet are connected to an external micro-circulation pump and radiator via pipes, forming an independent coolant circulation loop. The microchannel network is filled with a eutectic solvent as the coolant.

[0072] The present invention also provides a storage medium storing a computer program, which is executed by a processor to perform the method described above.

[0073] The storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), Programmable Red-Only Memory (PROM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

Claims

1. A method for temperature control of a blood vessel storage cassette, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: acquiring real-time temperature information inside the blood vessel storage box; controlling a tunable light source array to emit a light beam to a metamaterial light-thermal effect temperature control wall of an inner wall of the blood vessel storage box based on a deviation of the real-time temperature information inside the blood vessel storage box from a preset target temperature, the metamaterial light-thermal effect temperature control wall converting light energy of the light beam into heat energy, and actively heating the blood vessel storage box; when a local area temperature in a microfluidic thermal management pad of the blood vessel storage box exceeds a preset phase transition threshold temperature, a thermal responsive hydrogel micro valve integrated in the local area shrinks in volume, thereby increasing a local flow rate of cooling liquid flowing through the local area, and passively and adaptively cooling the local area.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the temperature of the blood vessel storage box is controlled by a temperature control device. The acquiring of the real-time temperature information inside the blood vessel storage box comprises: real-time monitoring of a Bragg wavelength drift of each fiber Bragg grating in a fiber Bragg grating sensing network built-in the blood vessel storage box; determining temperature data of each distributed node in the sensing network based on the Bragg wavelength drift of each fiber Bragg grating in the sensing network; and constructing real-time temperature information inside the blood vessel storage box according to the temperature data of each distributed node in the sensing network.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the temperature of the blood vessel storage box is controlled by a temperature control device. The controlling of the tunable light source array based on the deviation of the real-time temperature information inside the blood vessel storage box from the preset target temperature comprises: fuzzy processing of the deviation and a change rate of the deviation to obtain corresponding fuzzy language variables; fuzzy reasoning of the fuzzy language variables based on a preset fuzzy rule base to obtain increments of proportional, integral and differential parameters of a PID controller; adding the proportional, integral and differential parameters of the current PID controller to corresponding increments of the proportional, integral and differential parameters of the PID controller respectively to update the proportional, integral and differential parameters of the PID controller online; and generating power output instructions for different units of the tunable light source array according to the deviation by using the updated PID controller.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the temperature of the blood vessel storage box is controlled by a temperature control device. The tunable light source array is a quantum dot array light source.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the temperature of the blood vessel storage box is controlled by a temperature control device. A surface of the metamaterial light-thermal effect temperature control wall has metal medium nano structures for exciting surface plasmon resonance effect.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, The local area temperature in the microfluidic thermal management pad exceeding the preset phase transition threshold temperature is caused by local heating of the metamaterial light-thermal effect temperature control wall by the light beam emitted by the tunable light source array.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the temperature of the blood vessel storage box is controlled by a temperature control device. The cooling liquid is a eutectic solvent or an ionic liquid.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the temperature of the blood vessel storage box is controlled by a temperature control device. When the local area temperature in the microfluidic thermal management pad returns to below the phase transition threshold temperature, the thermal responsive hydrogel micro valve absorbs water to expand, returning to a state before volume shrinkage, and reducing the local flow rate.

9. A blood vessel storage cassette temperature control system applying a blood vessel storage cassette temperature control method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: a sensing module for acquiring real-time temperature information inside a blood vessel storage box; a metamaterial light-thermal effect temperature control wall arranged on an inner wall of the blood vessel storage box; a tunable light source array configured to emit a light beam to the metamaterial light-thermal effect temperature control wall; A microfluidic thermal management pad, internally integrated with at least one thermoresponsive hydrogel microvalve and filled with cooling liquid; A control module connected with the sensing module and the array of tunable light sources; The control module is configured to control the array of tunable light sources based on the deviation of the real-time temperature information from a preset target temperature. The thermoresponsive hydrogel microvalve is configured to shrink in volume when the temperature of the local region where it is located exceeds a preset phase transition threshold temperature, thereby increasing the local flow rate of the cooling liquid flowing through the local region.

10. A storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that The computer program is executed by a processor to implement the method of any one of claims 1-8.

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