Oil sludge treatment device and treatment method

Abstract

The invention provides an oil sludge treatment device and method, and relates to the technical field of oil sludge treatment.The oil sludge treatment device comprises a reaction kettle, and a plurality of supports are annularly and fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the reaction kettle. A main movable rod drives a first stirring roller to stir the oil sludge, a main first bevel gear drives a main second bevel gear to rotate reversely through a side bevel gear, the main second bevel gear drives a rotating ring, a stirring frame and a second stirring roller to stir the oil sludge reversely, and the stirring frame scrapes and cleans the oil sludge attached to the inner wall; the heating device is heated to the subcritical treatment temperature and matched with corresponding pressure, the viscosity of oil is reduced, the fluidity of the oil becomes good, the oil is separated from the solid surface more easily, stable structures among oil, water and solid are helped to be broken under the cooperation of reverse stirring, oil sludge vaporization is accelerated, and the oil recovery rate is remarkably increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sludge treatment technology, and in particular to an sludge treatment apparatus and method. Background Technology

[0002] Oil sludge is a mixture of mud, minerals, and other impurities containing crude oil or refined oil produced during wastewater treatment in oil development, transportation, and refining. The oil exists in various forms within this mixture and cannot be directly recovered. Oil sludge is increasingly polluting the environment. When rainwater soaks the oil sludge, it flows into farmland and rivers, depriving the water of dissolved oxygen. Simultaneously, the degradation of the oil by microorganisms consumes large amounts of oxygen, causing severe oxygen deficiency in the water and damaging aquatic ecosystems. Many polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are mutagenic and carcinogenic, causing serious harm to human health through direct and indirect pathways. Some harmful substances enter farmland, are absorbed by crops, and enter humans and animals through the food chain, leading to various diseases and threatening human health.

[0003] For example, CN116715417A discloses an oil sludge pretreatment device, including a reaction chamber. A cover is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the reaction chamber, and a first servo motor is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the cover. A rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first servo motor. In this oil sludge pretreatment device, when stirring the oil sludge, the first servo motor is first started, driving a receiving block to rotate. This causes multiple sets of stirring rods fixedly installed on the surface of the receiving block to stir the oil sludge inside the reaction chamber. The first servo motor then drives the receiving rod to rotate in the opposite direction. This structure effectively avoids the problem of insufficient reaction between the oil sludge and caustic soda, achieving a fully reverse reaction. Simultaneously, it increases the reaction rate, reduces the corresponding reaction time, and avoids excessive addition of caustic soda during actual use, thus reducing processing costs.

[0004] However, in existing technologies, because a large amount of oil in oil sludge exists in a stable emulsified state or is tightly adsorbed by fine solid particles, conventional mechanical separation and thermal treatment methods are difficult to achieve complete separation. As a result, a considerable portion of the oil with recycling value is forced to remain in the solid residue. This not only causes a direct waste of petroleum resources, but also, because the residue has a high oil content, it is identified as hazardous waste, which drastically increases the cost of subsequent safe disposal and ultimately leads to significant economic losses. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem in the prior art that recyclable oil in oil sludge is often left in solid residue, causing economic losses.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an oil sludge treatment device, comprising a reaction vessel, wherein a plurality of supports are fixedly arranged in a ring on the lower surface of the reaction vessel, and a first partition plate, a second partition plate, a third partition plate and a fourth partition plate are fixedly arranged in the inner cavity of the reaction vessel from top to bottom, a stirring component is arranged in the interval formed by the inner top wall of the reaction vessel and the first partition plate, cooling components are arranged on both sides of the outer surface of the reaction vessel, a connecting rod component is arranged on the outer wall of the reaction vessel, a multi-stage separation component is arranged between the first partition plate and the inner bottom wall of the reaction vessel, energy recovery components are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper surface of the reaction vessel, and a heating device is fixedly arranged between the first partition plate and the second partition plate;

[0007] The stirring component includes a mounting block fixedly disposed at the center of the upper surface of the reactor. A rotary motor is fixedly disposed on the upper surface of the mounting block. A main movable rod is driven at the output end of the rotary motor. A main first bevel gear is fixedly disposed on the surface of the main movable rod at the position of the inner cavity of the mounting block. A first stirring roller is symmetrically disposed on the surface of the main movable rod at the position of the inner cavity of the reactor. A rotating ring is rotatably disposed at the center of the inner cavity of the mounting block and is movably connected to the main movable rod. A main second bevel gear is fixedly disposed at the top of the rotating ring. A stirring frame is symmetrically disposed on the outer wall of the rotating ring at the position of the inner cavity of the reactor. A second stirring roller is symmetrically disposed on the inner wall of the stirring frame. A side bevel gear is rotatably disposed on the inner wall of the mounting block. The main first bevel gear, the side bevel gear, and the main second bevel gear are meshed and connected. The outer side of the stirring frame is in contact with the inner wall of the reactor. The first stirring roller and the second stirring roller are arranged crosswise.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the multi-stage separation component includes a support tube rotatably disposed at the center of the third partition plate, the fourth partition plate, and the surface of the reactor. A centrifuge, a first solenoid valve, a cyclone separator, a second solenoid valve, a filter, and a third solenoid valve are sequentially mounted on the surface of the support tube from top to bottom. The centrifuge is located between the second and third partition plates, the cyclone separator is located between the third and fourth partition plates, and the filter is located between the fourth partition plate and the inner bottom wall of the reactor. A second bevel gear is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the support tube at a position below the reactor.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the connecting rod component includes a synchronous toothed belt fixedly disposed on the outer wall of the reactor. A first support block is fixedly disposed on one side of the upper surface of the reactor. A first auxiliary rod is drivenly disposed inside the first support block. One end of the first auxiliary rod extends through the interior of the mounting block and is drivenly connected to the outer end of the side bevel gear. One end of the first auxiliary rod extends through the interior of the synchronous toothed belt and is drivenly disposed on a first connecting shaft.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, a second support block is fixedly provided on one side of the lower surface of the reactor. A second auxiliary rod is driven on the surface of the second support block. One end of the second auxiliary rod is driven on an auxiliary first bevel gear, which meshes with the support tube. The other end of the second auxiliary rod extends through into the inner cavity of the synchronous toothed belt and is driven on a second connecting shaft. The second connecting shaft and the first connecting shaft are driven on each other by a protective plate.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the cooling component includes condensers symmetrically fixed on both sides of the outer surface of the reactor. The input end of the condenser is fixedly provided with a steam inlet pipe, and the output end of the condenser is fixedly provided with a steam outlet pipe. The steam inlet pipe passes through the second partition plate and extends to the position below the second partition plate, and one end of the steam inlet pipe is connected to the energy conversion component.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the energy conversion component includes recovery boxes symmetrically fixed on both sides of the upper surface of the reactor. An energy conversion device is fixedly installed inside the cavity of each of the two sets of recovery boxes. Springs are symmetrically and elastically installed on the lower surface of the energy conversion device. A baffle is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the spring. An exhaust hole is opened on the upper surface of the reactor directly below the baffle. A storage battery is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the reactor between the two sets of recovery boxes. The two sides of the storage battery are electrofused to the energy conversion device through connecting wires.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, a feed pipe is fixedly installed on the other side of the upper surface of the reactor, and a sixth solenoid valve is installed on the surface of the feed pipe. A PLC control terminal is fixedly installed below the outer surface of the reactor. A first discharge pipe is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the reactor between the second and third partition plates, and a fourth solenoid valve is installed on the surface of the first discharge pipe. A second discharge pipe is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the reactor between the third and fourth partition plates, and a fifth solenoid valve is installed on the surface of the second discharge pipe.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, a door is hinged to the surface of the reactor above the first partition plate, the surface of the door is provided with a transparent observation window, and a handle is fixedly provided on one side of the outer surface of the door.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, sensors are installed on the stirring component, cooling component, multi-stage separation component, and energy recovery component, and are centrally controlled through a PLC control terminal.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method for treating oil sludge, comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1. Pretreatment and reaction: First, the sixth solenoid valve is opened to add the raw material sludge into the stirring chamber formed by the inner cavity of the reactor and the first partition plate through the feed pipe. The heating device heats the chamber formed by the reactor and the first partition plate. The output end of the rotary motor drives the main moving rod, the first stirring roller and the main first bevel gear to rotate. The first stirring roller stirs the sludge. At the same time, the main first bevel gear drives the main second bevel gear to rotate through the side bevel gear. The main second bevel gear drives the rotating ring to rotate in the opposite direction along the surface of the main moving rod. The rotating ring drives the stirring frame and the second stirring roller to stir the sludge in the opposite direction. The pressure in the stirring chamber is controlled at 2 MPa ~ 22.1 MPa by the PLC control terminal, and the temperature in the stirring chamber is controlled at 250°C ~ 350°C to fully vaporize the oil in the sludge, so as to achieve the highest oil recovery rate and the best economic benefits.

[0018] S2. During condensation and energy conversion, as the pressure of the vaporized water vapor gradually increases, it moves toward the exhaust port. The pressure contained in the water vapor discharged through the exhaust port drives the baffle to move upward and compress multiple sets of springs. The energy conversion device converts the elastic potential energy of the springs into electrical energy and stores it in the battery through the connecting wires. The battery can also be powered by an external power source. The battery powers the device, saving energy, reducing emissions, and making it low-carbon and environmentally friendly. The discharged water vapor enters the condenser through the steam inlet pipe to condense into liquid. The liquid flows into the centrifuge through the steam outlet pipe for further processing.

[0019] S3. During multi-stage separation, the side bevel gear drives the first connecting shaft to rotate via the first auxiliary rod. The first connecting shaft drives the second connecting shaft, the second auxiliary rod, and the auxiliary first bevel gear to rotate via the protective plate. The auxiliary first bevel gear drives the support tube, centrifuge, hydrocyclone separator, and filter to rotate via the auxiliary second bevel gear. The condensed oil-water mixture enters the centrifuge and is coarsely separated using density difference. Most of the recovered crude oil and solid residue are separated, resulting in an oil-water mixture containing a small amount of oil and fine particles. At this time, the first solenoid valve is opened, and the oil-water mixture flows into the hydrocyclone separator for optimized separation of oil droplets and suspended solids of different particle sizes. The oil phase is further recovered, and the effluent is an aqueous phase containing trace amounts of oil / solids. Then, the second solenoid valve is opened, and the aqueous phase containing trace amounts of oil / solids flows into the filter to achieve final solid-liquid separation, producing clean purified water and trapping concentrated pollutants / filter residue. The clean tap water is discharged to the outside through the support tube by opening the third solenoid valve.

[0020] S4. During subsequent processing, the recovered crude oil and solid residue will be discharged to the outside through the first discharge pipe by opening the fourth solenoid valve for further processing. The recovered oil phase will be discharged to the outside through the second discharge pipe by opening the fifth solenoid valve for further processing. The crude oil will be refined and recycled, the clean water will be treated and reused, and the solid residue will be treated in a pollution-free manner. The PLC control terminal monitors parameters such as temperature, pressure, flow rate, and oil-water ratio in real time through sensors distributed throughout each unit, and controls the action of actuators (such as valves, pumps, and heaters) to ensure that the entire unit operates stably under optimal process parameters, achieves optimized processing for different particle sizes and oil-water ratios, and ultimately improves the oil recovery rate.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. This invention combines a heating device with a stirring component. The output of a rotary motor drives the main moving rod and the first main bevel gear to rotate. The main moving rod drives the first stirring roller to stir the sludge. Meanwhile, the first main bevel gear drives the second main bevel gear to rotate in the opposite direction through the side bevel gear. The second main bevel gear drives the rotating ring, stirring frame, and second stirring roller to stir the sludge in the opposite direction. The stirring frame scrapes and cleans the sludge adhering to the inner wall. The heating device heats the oil to a subcritical processing temperature and matches the corresponding pressure, reducing the viscosity of the oil and improving its fluidity, making it easier to separate from the solid surface. With the help of reverse stirring, it helps to break the stable structure between oil, water, and solids, accelerating the vaporization of the sludge and significantly improving the oil recovery rate.

[0023] 2. This invention employs a multi-stage separation system. A side bevel gear drives a first connecting shaft to rotate via a first auxiliary rod. The first connecting shaft, through a protective plate, drives a second connecting shaft, a second auxiliary rod, and an auxiliary first bevel gear to rotate. The auxiliary first bevel gear, through an auxiliary second bevel gear, drives the support tube, centrifuge, hydrocyclone separator, and filter to rotate. The cooled liquid undergoes multi-stage filtration through the centrifuge, hydrocyclone separator, and filter, optimizing the process for different particle sizes and oil-water ratios, thereby further improving the oil recovery rate.

[0024] 3. In the energy conversion component of this invention, when the vaporized steam inside the reactor accumulates, it will gradually accumulate towards the exhaust port. As the pressure gradually increases, it will push the second stirring roller upward and compress the spring. The energy conversion device converts the elastic potential energy it receives into electrical energy and stores it in the battery through the connecting wire, thereby achieving the purpose of energy saving, emission reduction and environmental protection to a certain extent. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an oil sludge treatment device and treatment method provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2A three-dimensional cross-sectional view of an oil sludge treatment device and method provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This invention provides an oil sludge treatment device and method. Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 4 A three-dimensional side sectional view of an oil sludge treatment device and method provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the energy conversion component of an oil sludge treatment device and method provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This invention provides an oil sludge treatment device and method. Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B;

[0031] Figure 7 A three-dimensional front view of the sludge treatment device and method provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 The flowchart shows an oil sludge treatment device and treatment method provided by the present invention.

[0033] Legend:

[0034] 1. Reactor; 2. Support; 3. PLC control terminal; 4. Door; 5. Transparent observation window; 6. Handle; 7. First partition plate; 8. Heating device; 9. Second partition plate; 10. Third partition plate; 11. Fourth partition plate; 12. Mounting block; 13. Rotary motor; 14. Main moving rod; 15. First stirring roller; 16. Main first bevel gear; 17. Side bevel gear; 18. Rotating ring; 19. Stirring frame; 20. Second stirring roller; 21. Main second bevel gear; 22. First auxiliary rod; 23. First connecting shaft; 24. First support block; 25. Second support block; 26. Second auxiliary rod; 27. Auxiliary first... 28. Bevel gear; 29. ​​Second connecting shaft; 30. Protective plate; 31. Synchronous toothed belt; 32. Support tube; 33. Auxiliary second bevel gear; 34. Centrifuge; 35. First solenoid valve; 36. Hydrocyclone separator; 37. Second solenoid valve; 38. Filter; 39. Third solenoid valve; 40. First discharge pipe; 41. Fourth solenoid valve; 42. Second discharge pipe; 43. Fifth solenoid valve; 44. Feed pipe; 45. Sixth solenoid valve; 46. Battery; 47. Connecting wire; 48. Recovery box; 49. Energy conversion device; 50. Spring; 51. Baffle; 52. Condenser; 53. Steam inlet pipe; 54. Steam outlet pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Please see Figure 1-8 The present invention provides a technical solution: an oil sludge treatment device, including a reaction vessel 1. Several supports 2 are fixedly arranged in a ring on the lower surface of the reaction vessel 1. A first partition plate 7, a second partition plate 9, a third partition plate 10 and a fourth partition plate 11 are fixedly arranged in the inner cavity of the reaction vessel 1 from top to bottom. A stirring component is arranged in the interval formed by the inner top wall of the reaction vessel 1 and the first partition plate 7. Cooling components are arranged on both sides of the outer surface of the reaction vessel 1. A connecting rod component is arranged on the outer side wall of the reaction vessel 1. A multi-stage separation component is arranged between the first partition plate 7 and the inner bottom wall of the reaction vessel 1. Energy recovery components are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper surface of the reaction vessel 1. A heating device 8 is fixedly arranged between the first partition plate 7 and the second partition plate 9.

[0037] The stirring component includes a mounting block 12 fixedly disposed at the center of the upper surface of the reactor 1. A rotary motor 13 is fixedly disposed on the upper surface of the mounting block 12. A main moving rod 14 is driven by the output end of the rotary motor 13. A main first bevel gear 16 is fixedly disposed on the surface of the main moving rod 14 at the position inside the cavity of the mounting block 12. A first stirring roller 15 is symmetrically fixed on the surface of the main moving rod 14 at the position inside the cavity of the reactor 1. A rotating ring 18 is rotatably disposed at the center of the cavity inside the mounting block 12, and the rotating ring 18 is rotatably disposed with respect to the main moving rod 14. The rotating ring 18 is connected to the main second bevel gear 21, which is fixedly installed at the top of the rotating ring 18. The outer side wall of the rotating ring 18 is symmetrically fixedly installed with a stirring frame 19 in the inner cavity of the reactor 1. The inner side wall of the stirring frame 19 is symmetrically fixedly installed with a second stirring roller 20. The inner side wall of the mounting block 12 is rotatably installed with a side bevel gear 17. The main first bevel gear 16, the side bevel gear 17 and the main second bevel gear 21 are meshed and connected. The outer side of the stirring frame 19 is in contact with the inner wall of the reactor 1. The first stirring roller 15 and the second stirring roller 20 are arranged crosswise.

[0038] Specifically, by setting up multiple partition plates inside and innovatively adopting a stirring component consisting of a double stirring roller with bevel gear drive and cross-arranged inner and outer parts, the sludge is subjected to intense and uniform stirring and shearing without dead angles, which greatly enhances the heat and mass transfer effect and lays a solid foundation for subsequent subcritical reactions and efficient separation.

[0039] like Figure 1-8As shown, the multi-stage separation component includes a support tube 31 rotatably disposed at the center of the surface of the third partition plate 10, the fourth partition plate 11, and the reactor 1. The surface of the support tube 31 is sequentially arranged from top to bottom with a centrifuge 33, a first solenoid valve 34, a hydrocyclone separator 35, a second solenoid valve 36, a filter 37, and a third solenoid valve 38. The centrifuge 33 is located between the second partition plate 9 and the third partition plate 10, the hydrocyclone separator 35 is located between the third partition plate 10 and the fourth partition plate 11, and the filter 37 is located between the fourth partition plate 11 and the inner bottom wall of the reactor 1. A second bevel gear 32 is fixedly disposed on the outer surface of the support tube 31 at a position below the reactor 1.

[0040] Specifically, by sequentially installing a centrifuge, a hydrocyclone separator, and a filter on the central support tube, and precisely controlling the material flow direction with a solenoid valve, continuous and automated separation of oil sludge from coarse to fine is achieved in a single reaction vessel, significantly improving separation efficiency and oil recovery rate, while also being compact and space-saving.

[0041] like Figure 1-8 As shown, the connecting rod assembly includes a synchronous toothed belt 30 fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the reactor 1. A first support block 24 is fixedly mounted on one side of the upper surface of the reactor 1. A first auxiliary rod 22 is drivenly mounted inside the first support block 24. One end of the first auxiliary rod 22 extends through into the interior of the mounting block 12 and is drivenly connected to the outer end of the side bevel gear 17. One end of the first auxiliary rod 22 extends through into the interior of the synchronous toothed belt 30 and is drivenly mounted on a first connecting shaft 23.

[0042] Specifically, through the ingenious connection between the synchronous toothed belt and the auxiliary rod, power is stably and accurately transmitted from the outside of the reactor to the internal stirring mechanism, ensuring the synchronicity and coordination of the gear transmissions in the stirring components, thereby improving the stability and transmission efficiency of the overall stirring effect.

[0043] like Figure 1-8 As shown, a second support block 25 is fixedly installed on one side of the lower surface of the reactor 1. A second auxiliary rod 26 is drivenly installed on the surface of the second support block 25. One end of the second auxiliary rod 26 is drivenly installed with an auxiliary first bevel gear 27, which meshes with the support tube 31. The other end of the second auxiliary rod 26 extends through into the inner cavity of the synchronous toothed belt 30 and is drivenly installed with a second connecting shaft 28. The second connecting shaft 28 and the first connecting shaft 23 are drivenly connected by a protective plate 29.

[0044] Specifically, the synchronous toothed belt power is stably transmitted to the central support tube through the bevel gear set, realizing efficient linkage and synchronous drive between the stirring system and the multi-stage separation system, which significantly improves the coordination, integration and energy efficiency of the equipment operation.

[0045] like Figure 1-8 As shown, the cooling component includes condensers 51 symmetrically fixed on both sides of the outer surface of the reactor 1. A steam inlet pipe 52 is fixedly provided at the input end of the condenser 51, and a steam outlet pipe 53 is fixedly provided at the output end of the condenser 51. The steam inlet pipe 52 passes through the second partition plate 9 and extends to the position below the second partition plate 9. One end of the steam inlet pipe 52 is connected to the energy conversion component.

[0046] Specifically, the symmetrically arranged condensers and the steam inlet pipes that penetrate the partition plate achieve direct and efficient coupling with the energy conversion components, ensuring rapid condensation and energy recovery of the steam generated by the reaction, and effectively improving the system's thermal energy utilization efficiency and overall operational stability.

[0047] like Figure 1-8 As shown, the energy conversion component includes recovery boxes 47 symmetrically fixed on both sides of the upper surface of the reactor 1. An energy conversion device 48 is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of each of the two sets of recovery boxes 47. Springs 49 are symmetrically elastically installed on the lower surface of the energy conversion device 48. A baffle 50 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the springs 49. An exhaust hole is opened on the upper surface of the reactor 1 directly below the baffle 50. A storage battery 45 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the reactor 1 between the two sets of recovery boxes 47. The two sides of the storage battery 45 are electrofused to the energy conversion device 48 through connecting wires 46.

[0048] Specifically, by using steam to drive a spring to compress and store energy and trigger an energy conversion device, the mechanical energy of excess steam in the reactor is efficiently converted into electrical energy and stored in a battery. This achieves self-recovery and reuse of energy during system operation, significantly improving the overall energy efficiency and environmental economy of the device.

[0049] like Figure 1-8 As shown, a feed pipe 43 is fixedly installed on the other side of the upper surface of the reactor 1. A sixth solenoid valve 44 is installed on the surface of the feed pipe 43. A PLC control terminal 3 is fixedly installed at the lower position of the outer surface of the reactor 1. A first discharge pipe 39 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the reactor 1 between the second partition plate 9 and the third partition plate 10. A fourth solenoid valve 40 is installed on the surface of the first discharge pipe 39. A second discharge pipe 41 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the reactor 1 between the third partition plate 10 and the fourth partition plate 11. A fifth solenoid valve 42 is installed on the surface of the second discharge pipe 41.

[0050] Specifically, by integrating the feed pipe, multiple discharge pipes, and various solenoid valves, and uniformly controlling them with the PLC control terminal, the automatic feeding of materials and the precise and orderly discharge of products at different separation stages are realized, which greatly improves the automation level, operational accuracy, and operational continuity of the entire sludge treatment process.

[0051] like Figure 1-8As shown, a door 4 is hinged to the surface of the reactor 1 above the first partition plate 7. A transparent observation window 5 is provided on the surface of the door 4, and a handle 6 is fixedly provided on one side of the outer surface of the door 4.

[0052] Specifically, by installing a hinged box door with a transparent observation window above the reactor, operators are provided with a window to intuitively monitor the internal reaction process. At the same time, the equipment inspection and maintenance process is simplified, significantly improving the ease of operation and the visibility of the operation of the device.

[0053] like Figure 1-8 As shown, sensors are installed on the stirring component, cooling component, multi-stage separation component, and energy recovery component, and are centrally controlled through PLC control terminal 3.

[0054] Specifically, by integrating sensors into each core component and connecting them to the PLC central control system, real-time monitoring and intelligent linkage control of the entire sludge treatment process are achieved, significantly improving the accuracy of process parameters, the coordination of equipment operation, and the automation level of the entire production system.

[0055] Working principle:

[0056] Step 1: Pretreatment and reaction. First, the sixth solenoid valve 44 is opened to add the raw material sludge into the stirring chamber formed by the inner cavity of the reactor 1 and the first partition plate 7 through the feed pipe 43. The heating device 8 heats the chamber formed by the reactor 1 and the first partition plate 7. The output end of the rotary motor 13 drives the main moving rod 14, the first stirring roller 15 and the main first bevel gear 16 to rotate. The first stirring roller 15 stirs the sludge. At the same time, the main first bevel gear 16 drives the main second bevel gear 21 to rotate through the side bevel gear 17. The main second bevel gear 21 drives the rotating ring 18 to rotate in the opposite direction along the surface of the main moving rod 14. The rotating ring 18 drives the stirring frame 19 and the second stirring roller 20 to stir the sludge in the opposite direction. The pressure in the stirring chamber is controlled at 2 MPa ~ 22.1 MPa through the PLC control terminal 3, and the temperature in the stirring chamber is controlled at 250°C ~ 350°C to fully vaporize the oil in the sludge, so as to achieve the highest oil recovery rate and the best economic benefits.

[0057] Step 2, during condensation and energy conversion, as the pressure of the vaporized water vapor gradually increases, it moves towards the exhaust port. The pressure contained in the water vapor discharged through the exhaust port drives the baffle 50 to move upward and compress multiple sets of springs 49. The energy conversion device 48 converts the elastic potential energy of the springs 49 into electrical energy and stores it in the battery 45 through the connecting wire 46. The battery 45 can also be powered by an external power source. The battery 45 provides power to the device, saving energy and reducing emissions, and is low-carbon and environmentally friendly. The discharged water vapor enters the condenser 51 through the steam inlet pipe 52 to condense into liquid. The liquid flows into the centrifuge 33 through the steam outlet pipe 53 for further processing.

[0058] Step 3, during multi-stage separation, the side bevel gear 17 drives the first connecting shaft 23 to rotate via the first auxiliary rod 22. The first connecting shaft 23 drives the second connecting shaft 28, the second auxiliary rod 26, and the auxiliary first bevel gear 27 to rotate via the protective plate 29. The auxiliary first bevel gear 27 drives the support tube 31, centrifuge 33, hydrocyclone separator 35, and filter 37 to rotate via the auxiliary second bevel gear 32. The condensed oil-water mixture enters the centrifuge 33, where coarse separation is performed using density differences, separating out most of the recovered crude oil and solid residue. When the oil-water mixture containing a small amount of oil and fine particles is obtained, the first solenoid valve 34 is opened, and the oil-water mixture flows into the hydrocyclone separator 35. The separation is optimized for oil droplets and suspended solids of different particle sizes, and the oil phase is further recovered. The effluent is an aqueous phase containing trace amounts of oil / solids. Then the second solenoid valve 36 is opened, and the aqueous phase containing trace amounts of oil / solids flows into the filter 37 to achieve the final solid-liquid separation, producing clean purified water and trapping concentrated pollutants / filter residue. The clean tap water is discharged to the outside through the support pipe 31 by opening the third solenoid valve 38.

[0059] Step 4: During subsequent processing, the recovered crude oil and solid residue will be discharged to the outside through the first discharge pipe 39 via the opening of the fourth solenoid valve 40 for further processing. The recovered oil phase will be discharged to the outside through the second discharge pipe 41 via the opening of the fifth solenoid valve 42 for further processing. The crude oil will be refined and recycled, the clean water will be treated and reused, and the solid residue will be treated in a pollution-free manner. The PLC control terminal 3 monitors parameters such as temperature, pressure, flow rate, and oil-water ratio in real time through sensors distributed throughout each unit, and controls the actions of actuators such as valves, pumps, and heaters to ensure that the entire device operates stably under optimal process parameters, achieving optimized processing for different particle sizes and oil-water ratios, and ultimately improving the oil recovery rate.

[0060] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may make changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments for application in other fields. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An oil sludge treatment device comprising a reaction kettle (1), characterized in that: The lower surface of the reaction kettle (1) is fixedly provided with a plurality of supports (2) in a ring shape, the inner cavity of the reaction kettle (1) is sequentially fixedly provided with a first partition plate (7), a second partition plate (9), a third partition plate (10) and a fourth partition plate (11) from top to bottom, the interval formed by the inner top wall of the reaction kettle (1) and the first partition plate (7) is provided with a stirring component, the two sides of the outer surface of the reaction kettle (1) are provided with cooling components, the outer side wall of the reaction kettle (1) is provided with a connecting rod component, the first partition plate (7) and the inner bottom wall of the reaction kettle (1) are provided with a multi-stage separation component, the upper surface of the reaction kettle (1) is symmetrically provided with an energy recovery component on both sides, and the first partition plate (7) and the second partition plate (9) are fixedly provided with a heating device (8). The stirring component comprises a mounting block (12) fixedly arranged at the center of the upper surface of the reaction kettle (1), the upper surface of the mounting block (12) is fixedly provided with a rotating motor (13), the output end of the rotating motor (13) is drivingly provided with a main movable rod (14), the surface of the main movable rod (14) is fixedly provided with a main first bevel gear (16) at the position in the inner cavity of the mounting block (12), the surface of the main movable rod (14) is symmetrically fixedly provided with a first stirring roller (15) at the position in the inner cavity of the reaction kettle (1), a rotating ring (18) is rotatably arranged at the center of the inner cavity of the mounting block (12), and the rotating ring (18) is movably connected with the main movable rod (14), the top end of the rotating ring (18) is fixedly provided with a main second bevel gear (21), the outer side wall of the rotating ring (18) is symmetrically fixedly provided with a stirring frame (19) in the inner cavity of the reaction kettle (1), the inner side wall of the stirring frame (19) is symmetrically fixedly provided with a second stirring roller (20), and the inner side wall of the mounting block (12) is rotatably provided with a side bevel gear (17), the main first bevel gear (16), the side bevel gear (17) and the main second bevel gear (21) are meshingly connected, the outer side of the stirring frame (19) is attached to the inner wall of the reaction kettle (1), and the first stirring roller (15) and the second stirring roller (20) are cross arranged.

2. An oil sludge treatment apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that: The multi-stage separation component comprises a support pipe body (31) rotatably arranged at the center of the surfaces of the third partition plate (10), the fourth partition plate (11) and the reaction kettle (1), a centrifuge (33), a first electromagnetic valve (34), a cyclone separator (35), a second electromagnetic valve (36), a filter (37) and a third electromagnetic valve (38) are sequentially drivingly arranged on the surface of the support pipe body (31) from top to bottom, the centrifuge (33) is located between the second partition plate (9) and the third partition plate (10), the cyclone separator (35) is located between the third partition plate (10) and the fourth partition plate (11), the filter (37) is located between the fourth partition plate (11) and the inner bottom wall of the reaction kettle (1), and an auxiliary second bevel gear (32) is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the support pipe body (31) below the reaction kettle (1).

3. An oil sludge treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The connecting rod part comprises a synchronous tooth belt (30) fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the reaction kettle (1), a first supporting block (24) fixedly arranged on one side of the upper surface of the reaction kettle (1), a first auxiliary rod (22) drivingly arranged in the first supporting block (24), one end of the first auxiliary rod (22) extending through the inside of the mounting block (12) and being drivingly connected with the outer end of the side bevel gear (17), and one end of the first auxiliary rod (22) extending through the inside of the synchronous tooth belt (30) and being drivingly provided with a first connecting shaft (23).

4. An oil sludge treatment apparatus according to claim 3, characterised in that: A second supporting block (25) is fixedly arranged on one side of the lower surface of the reaction kettle (1), a second auxiliary rod (26) is drivingly arranged on the surface of the second supporting block (25), a first bevel gear (27) is drivingly arranged at one end of the second auxiliary rod (26), the first bevel gear (27) is meshingly connected with the supporting pipe body (31), the other end of the second auxiliary rod (26) extends through the inner cavity of the synchronous tooth belt (30) and is drivingly provided with a second connecting shaft (28), and the second connecting shaft (28) and the first connecting shaft (23) are drivingly connected through the protection plate (29).

5. An oil sludge treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The cooling part comprises condensers (51) symmetrically fixedly arranged on the outer surfaces of the reaction kettle (1), an inlet pipe (52) fixedly arranged on the input end of the condenser (51), an outlet pipe (53) fixedly arranged on the output end of the condenser (51), the inlet pipe (52) extending through the second partition plate (9) and extending to the position below the second partition plate (9), and one end of the inlet pipe (52) being connected with the energy conversion part.

6. An oil sludge treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The energy conversion part comprises recovery boxes (47) symmetrically fixedly arranged on the upper surfaces of the reaction kettle (1), energy conversion devices (48) fixedly arranged in the inner cavities of the two groups of recovery boxes (47), springs (49) symmetrically and elastically arranged on the lower surfaces of the energy conversion devices (48), baffle plates (50) fixedly arranged at the bottom ends of the springs (49), exhaust holes arranged on the upper surface of the reaction kettle (1) below the baffle plates (50), storage batteries (45) fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the reaction kettle (1) between the two groups of recovery boxes (47), and the storage batteries (45) being electrically connected with the energy conversion devices (48) through connecting wires (46).

7. An oil sludge treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: A feeding pipe (43) is fixedly arranged on the other side of the upper surface of the reaction kettle (1), a sixth electromagnetic valve (44) is arranged on the surface of the feeding pipe (43), a PLC control end (3) is fixedly arranged at the lower position of the outer surface of the reaction kettle (1), a first discharging pipe (39) is fixedly arranged between the second partition plate (9) and the third partition plate (10) on the outer surface of the reaction kettle (1), a fourth electromagnetic valve (40) is arranged on the surface of the first discharging pipe (39), a second discharging pipe (41) is fixedly arranged between the third partition plate (10) and the fourth partition plate (11) on the outer surface of the reaction kettle (1), and a fifth electromagnetic valve (42) is arranged on the surface of the second discharging pipe (41).

8. An oil sludge treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The surface of the reaction kettle (1) is hingedly provided with a box door (4) above the first partition plate (7), the surface of the box door (4) is provided with a transparent observation window (5), and one side of the outer surface of the box door (4) is fixedly provided with a handle (6).

9. An oil sludge treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: Sensors are arranged on the stirring component, the cooling component, the multi-stage separation component and the energy recovery component, and centralized control is performed through the PLC control end (3).

10. An oil sludge treatment method, characterized by, An oil sludge treatment device according to any one of claims 1-9 is used, comprising the following steps: S1, pretreatment and reaction, first open the sixth electromagnetic valve (44) to add raw oil sludge into the stirring cavity formed by the inner cavity of the reaction kettle (1) and the first partition plate (7) through the feed pipe (43), the heating device (8) heats the cavity formed by the reaction kettle (1) and the first partition plate (7), and the output end of the rotating motor (13) drives the main movable rod (14), the first stirring roller (15) and the main first bevel gear (16) to rotate, the first stirring roller (15) stirs the oil sludge, at the same time, the main first bevel gear (16) drives the main second bevel gear (21) to rotate through the side bevel gear (17), the main second bevel gear (21) drives the rotating ring (18) to rotate in the opposite direction along the surface of the main movable rod (14), and the rotating ring (18) drives the stirring frame (19) and the second stirring roller (20) to stir the oil sludge in the opposite direction, the pressure in the stirring cavity is controlled to be 2 MPa ~ 22.1 MPa and the temperature in the stirring cavity is controlled to be 250°C ~ 350°C through the PLC control end (3), so that the oil in the oil sludge is fully vaporized to achieve the highest oil recovery rate and the best economic benefit; S2, condensation and energy conversion, when the vaporized water vapor pressure gradually increases, it moves to the exhaust hole, the pressure contained in the water vapor discharged through the exhaust hole drives the baffle (50) to move upward and compresses a plurality of springs (49), and the energy conversion device (48) converts the elastic potential energy of the spring (49) into electrical energy and stores it in the storage battery (45) through the connecting lead (46), the storage battery (45) can also be powered by an external power supply, the storage battery (45) supplies energy to the device, saves energy, reduces emissions, is low-carbon and environmentally friendly, and the discharged water vapor enters the condenser (51) through the steam inlet pipe (52) to be condensed into liquid, and the liquid flows into the centrifuge (33) through the steam outlet pipe (53) for subsequent processing; S3, in multi-stage separation, the side bevel gear (17) drives the first connecting shaft (23) to rotate through the first auxiliary rod (22), the first connecting shaft (23) drives the second connecting shaft (28), the second auxiliary rod (26) and the auxiliary first bevel gear (27) to rotate through the protection plate (29), the auxiliary first bevel gear (27) drives the support pipe body (31), the centrifuge (33), the cyclone separator (35) and the filter (37) to rotate through the auxiliary second bevel gear (32), the condensed oil-water mixture enters the centrifuge (33), and coarse separation is carried out by using the density difference, most of the recovered crude oil and solid residues are separated out, and an oil-water mixture containing a small amount of oil and fine particles is obtained, at this time, the first electromagnetic valve (34) is opened, the oil-water mixture flows into the cyclone separator (35), and different particle size oil droplets and suspended solids are optimized and separated, and the oil phase is further recovered, the water is the water phase containing a small amount of oil / solid, then the second electromagnetic valve (36) is opened, the water phase containing a small amount of oil / solid flows into the filter (37), and the final solid-liquid separation is realized, clean purified water is produced, and concentrated pollutants / filter residues are intercepted, clean tap water is discharged to the outside through the support pipe body (31) by opening the third electromagnetic valve (38); S4, in subsequent processing, the recovered crude oil and solid residues are discharged to the outside through the first discharge pipe (39) by opening the fourth electromagnetic valve (40) for subsequent processing, the recovered oil phase is discharged to the outside through the second discharge pipe (41) by opening the fifth electromagnetic valve (42) for subsequent processing, the crude oil is recycled after refining, the clean water is reused after treatment, the solid residues are treated without pollution, the PLC control end (3) monitors the temperature, pressure, flow, oil-water ratio and other parameters in real time through the sensors distributed in each unit, and controls the action of the actuators (such as valves, pumps and heaters), so that the whole device can stably operate under the optimal process parameters, the optimization treatment is realized for different particle sizes and oil-water ratios, and the oil recovery rate is finally improved.

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