Novel arc extinguishing chamber for enhancing arc extinguishing performance of arc extinguishing nozzle

Abstract

The invention relates to a novel arc extinguishing chamber for enhancing the arc extinguishing performance of an arc extinguishing nozzle, and belongs to the technical field of breaking and arc extinguishing of an SF6 high-voltage circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber. The arc extinguish chamber comprises an external porcelain bushing shell, an active adsorbent is arranged at the upper end in the porcelain bushing shell, a static contact mechanism, a moving contact mechanism, a pressure bin and a lower supporting seat are sequentially arranged below the active adsorbent from top to bottom, and an operating mechanism is arranged in the moving contact mechanism. Compared with a traditional self-energy high-voltage circuit breaker arc extinguish chamber, compressed gas can be sprayed out of the arc extinguish nozzle when the circuit breaker is switched on and switched off, the arc extinguish performance of the arc extinguish nozzle is improved, the arc extinguish efficiency of the circuit breaker is higher, and arc extinguish is more reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a novel arc-extinguishing chamber with enhanced arc-extinguishing nozzle performance, belonging to the field of arc-extinguishing chamber breaking and arc-extinguishing technology for SF6 high-voltage circuit breakers. Background Technology

[0002] SF6 high-voltage circuit breakers, also known as sulfur hexafluoride circuit breakers, are high-voltage circuit breakers that utilize sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) gas as both the arc-extinguishing and insulating medium. SF6 gas possesses excellent insulation properties and arc-extinguishing capabilities, making SF6 circuit breakers perform exceptionally well in high-voltage circuits.

[0003] Working principle of SF6 high-voltage circuit breaker: The working principle of SF6 circuit breakers mainly relies on the excellent properties of SF6 gas. When a fault occurs in the circuit, the SF6 circuit breaker quickly injects SF6 gas into the fault point, utilizing its high insulation strength and excellent arc-extinguishing performance to extinguish the arc, thereby protecting the circuit and equipment from damage. Currently, it mainly utilizes the heat of the arc to cause the insulating gas to expand, generating the arc-extinguishing force.

[0004] SF6 high-voltage circuit breakers are widely used in power systems such as substations, industrial and mining enterprises, and urban power supply systems. Due to their excellent insulation and arc-extinguishing performance, SF6 circuit breakers are particularly suitable for high-voltage and high-current applications, ensuring the stable operation of power systems.

[0005] SF6 high-voltage circuit breakers have the following advantages: Strong arc extinguishing ability: SF6 gas has better arc extinguishing performance than air and can quickly extinguish electric arcs at lower gas pressures; Excellent insulation properties: SF6 gas has extremely high insulation strength, making it suitable for high-voltage systems; Small size and light weight: Compared with other types of circuit breakers, SF6 circuit breakers have a compact structure and occupy less space; Long service life: Due to the high chemical stability of SF6 gas, the circuit breaker has a long service life.

[0006] SF6 high-voltage circuit breakers have the following disadvantages: High cost: The high cost of obtaining and processing SF6 gas leads to high manufacturing costs for circuit breakers.

[0007] There is an arc-extinguishing dead zone: Currently, self-powered SF6 high-voltage circuit breakers mainly use the heat of the electric arc to generate arc-extinguishing power, which will inevitably cause the short-circuit current intensity to be different and the arc-extinguishing intensity to be different. In severe cases, an arc-extinguishing dead zone will be generated.

[0008] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a new type of arc-extinguishing chamber that can solve the above-mentioned technical problems and enhance the arc-extinguishing performance of the arc-extinguishing nozzle. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a novel arc-extinguishing chamber that can improve the breaking and arc-extinguishing strength of high-voltage circuit breakers and enhance the arc-extinguishing performance of the arc-extinguishing nozzle. Its structure is novel, its configuration is reasonable, and its breaking effect is good. It can effectively solve the problems of low arc-extinguishing strength and arc-extinguishing dead zone in existing self-powered SF6 circuit breakers. This design has the characteristics of high insulation level, simple structure, convenient installation and maintenance, and reliable operation.

[0010] The present invention discloses a novel arc-extinguishing chamber for enhancing the arc-extinguishing performance of an arc-extinguishing nozzle. Its distinctive feature is that it includes an insulating shell, inside which, from top to bottom, are arranged an active adsorbent 1, a stationary contact mechanism, a moving contact mechanism, a pressure chamber, and a lower support base. The moving contact mechanism contains an operating mechanism that drives its movement. Between the arc-extinguishing nozzle 3 and the moving arc contact 13, there is a switching-closing auxiliary air pipe 4. The pressure chamber includes four small air chambers located below the switching-closing auxiliary air pipe 4: a thermal expansion chamber, a first compressed air chamber 19, a balance chamber, and a second compressed air chamber 20. The switching-closing auxiliary air pipe 4 is circumferentially distributed, with the closing auxiliary air pipe and the opening auxiliary air pipe intersecting. The other ends of the closing and opening auxiliary air pipes are respectively located in the first compressed air chamber 19 and the second compressed air chamber 20.

[0011] Preferably, the stationary contact mechanism is installed directly above the moving contact mechanism, and the stationary contact mechanism includes a stationary main contact 2 and a stationary arc contact 12 located on the stationary arc contact seat; Preferably, the moving contact mechanism includes an arc-extinguishing nozzle 3 located directly below the stationary main contact 2 and a moving main contact 5. A moving arc contact 13 is provided around the arc-extinguishing nozzle 3, and the arc-extinguishing nozzle 3 is inserted into the stationary main contact 2. The moving main contact 5 and the moving arc contact 13 are respectively engaged with the stationary main contact 2 and the stationary arc contact 12. Preferably, the operating mechanism includes an airflow conducting insulating rod 9 arranged along the height direction of the insulating shell. The airflow conducting insulating rod 9 is made of insulating material and is driven by the external mechanical structure of the arc-extinguishing chamber. The moving main contact 5 moves up and down by the up and down movement of the airflow conducting insulating rod 9. Preferably, the opening and closing air supply pipe is integrally embedded in the insulating tube body, and is in a non-deformable and non-movable position. Below the opening and closing air supply pipe 4, from top to bottom, there are arc extinguishing nozzle 3, moving main contact 5, airflow conducting insulating pull rod 9, upper driving partition 6, upper driving spring 15, upper moving movable partition 7, claw 8, lower driving partition 17, base protruding bracket 10, and lower support claw 11. The upper driving partition 6, upper moving movable partition 7, and lower driving partition 17 form four small air chambers from top to bottom: thermal expansion chamber, first compressed air chamber 19, balance chamber, and second compressed air chamber 20. The air pressure between each air chamber is adjusted by the partition or the opening and closing air supply pipe. The airflow conducting insulating pull rod 9 has two claws distributed on it, and the claws can move up and down with the insulating pull rod 9 to drive the movable partition to move. Preferably, the upper driving spring 15 is fixed on the upper movable partition 7 and can move up and down with the upper movable partition 7. When the upper driving spring 15 touches the upper driving partition 6, the spring force can ensure that the space of the air chamber 1 is compressed, while driving the upper driving partition 6 to move upward, so that the moving arc contact 13 moves upward to complete the closing.

[0012] Preferably, the air chambers and the partition and the airflow conducting insulating pull rod 9 are precision cast for sliding sealing.

[0013] This invention presents a novel arc-extinguishing chamber with enhanced arc-extinguishing performance, utilizing a multi-compressive-chamber design. Its innovation and advantages are as follows: Existing self-powered SF6 circuit breaker arc-extinguishing chambers rely on the thermal energy of the electric arc to generate arc-blowing kinetic energy for extinguishing. This method is prone to arc-extinguishing dead zones due to varying short-circuit current intensities affecting the arc-blowing kinetic energy, leading to arc failure and property damage. This invention fully utilizes the principles of air pressure manufacturing and balance. When an external mechanical structure drives the airflow to conduct the insulating rod, it generates a pressure difference in other structures, creating a difference in airflow kinetic energy. This supplements the arc-blowing airflow energy, making it stronger and extinguishing the arc quickly. This novel arc-extinguishing chamber has a dual air-assisted function for both opening and closing, reducing the risk of arc reignition, improving the service life and reliability of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and enhancing operational safety. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a novel arc-extinguishing chamber structure designed to enhance the arc-extinguishing performance of an arc-extinguishing nozzle; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a novel arc-extinguishing chamber opening and closing air-assisted port cross-row combination structure to enhance the arc-extinguishing performance of the arc-extinguishing nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] Example 1 Figure 1-2 This is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figure 1-2 The present invention will be further described below.

[0017] This embodiment describes a novel arc-extinguishing chamber that enhances the arc-extinguishing performance of the arc-extinguishing nozzle. The moving contact mechanism is driven to move vertically by an external mechanical transmission system. The operating mechanism forces the device to generate relative motion, creating a pressure difference that generates an arc-extinguishing airflow to extinguish the arc during the opening and closing of the switching equipment.

[0018] This embodiment discloses a novel arc-extinguishing chamber for enhancing the arc-extinguishing performance of an arc-extinguishing nozzle. It includes an insulating shell, inside which, from top to bottom, are arranged an active adsorbent 1, a stationary contact mechanism, and a moving contact mechanism. The moving contact mechanism is driven by an operating mechanism. Between the arc-extinguishing nozzle 3 and the moving arc contact 13, there is a closing / opening air-supporting pipe 4. Below the closing / opening air-supporting pipe 4, from top to bottom, are four small air chambers: a thermal expansion chamber, a first compression chamber 19, a balance chamber, and a second compression chamber 20. The closing / opening air-supporting pipe 4 is circumferentially distributed, with the closing and opening air-supporting pipes intersecting. The other ends of the closing and opening air-supporting pipes are respectively located in the first compression chamber 19 and the second compression chamber 20. The stationary contact mechanism is installed directly above the moving contact mechanism and includes a stationary main contact 2 and a stationary arc contact 12 located on a stationary arc contact seat.

[0019] The moving contact mechanism includes an arc-extinguishing nozzle 3 located directly below the stationary main contact 2 and a moving main contact 5. A moving arc contact 13 is provided around the arc-extinguishing nozzle 3, and the arc-extinguishing nozzle 3 is inserted into the stationary main contact 2. The moving main contact 5 and the moving arc contact 13 are respectively engaged with the stationary main contact 2 and the stationary arc contact 12. The operating mechanism includes an airflow-conducting insulating rod 9 arranged along the height of the insulating shell. The airflow-conducting insulating rod 9 is made of insulating material and is driven by an external mechanical structure of the arc-extinguishing chamber. The up-and-down movement of the airflow-conducting insulating rod 9 drives the moving main contact 5 to move up and down. The opening and closing air supply pipe is integrally embedded in the insulating tube body, and is in a non-deformable and non-movable position. Below the opening and closing air supply pipe 4, from top to bottom, there are arc extinguishing nozzle 3, moving main contact 5, airflow conduction insulating pull rod 9, upper driving partition 6, upper driving spring 15, upper moving movable partition 7, claw 8, lower driving partition 17, base protruding bracket 10, and lower support claw 11. The upper driving partition 6, upper moving movable partition 7, and lower driving partition 17 form four small air chambers from top to bottom: thermal expansion chamber, first compressed air chamber 19, balance chamber, and second compressed air chamber 20. The air pressure between each air chamber is adjusted by the partition or the opening and closing air supply pipe. The airflow conduction insulating pull rod 9 has two claws distributed on it, which can move up and down with the insulating pull rod 9 to drive the movable partition to move. The upper drive spring 15 is fixed to the upper movable partition 7 and can move up and down with the upper movable partition 7. When the upper drive spring 15 touches the upper drive partition 6, the spring force can ensure that the space of the air chamber 1 is compressed, while driving the upper drive partition 6 to move upward, so that the moving arc contact 13 moves upward to complete the closing. The air chambers and the partition and the airflow conduction insulating pull rod 9 are precision cast for sliding sealing.

[0020] The specific working process and principle are as follows: The process of closing the circuit breaker and assisting in the arc extinguishing is as follows: Figure 1The arc-extinguishing process of the arc-extinguishing chamber is described in detail as follows: When the operating mechanism issues the closing command, the airflow-conducting insulating rod 9 moves vertically upward under the action of mechanical force. Since the airflow-conducting insulating rod is attached to the claw 8, the claw 8 will drive the upper movable partition 7 to move upward under the upward movement of the airflow-conducting insulating rod 9. Since the upper moving spring 15 is attached to the upper movable partition 7, the upper moving spring 15 will also move upward. When the top of the upper moving spring 15 touches the upper moving partition 6, the upper moving spring 15 will be compressed first, and the spring force is sufficient to cause the upper moving partition 6 to displace. The space between the upper movable partition 7 and the upper driving partition 6 is compressed, and the air is discharged from the opening of the closing air supply pipe 14 to the opening of the opening and closing air supply pipe, so that the air supply can flow out of the arc extinguishing nozzle. When the air supply conducts the insulating pull rod 9 to continue to move upward, the upper driving spring 15 continues to deform. After the deformation reaches its maximum, the upper driving spring 15 pushes the upper driving partition 6 upward. Because the upper driving partition 6 and the moving arc contact housing are embedded, the upper driving partition 6 can drive the moving arc contact 13 to move upward and close with the stationary arc contact 12. Then the moving main contact 5 closes with the stationary main contact 2, completing the closing operation. However, during this process, there is always air supply flowing through the arc extinguishing nozzle to avoid the generation of an electric arc during the closing process.

[0021] The process of tripping the gas-assisted arc extinguishing circuit should be referred to Figure 1 The arc-extinguishing process of the arc-extinguishing chamber is described in detail as follows: When the operating mechanism issues the opening command, the airflow conducts the insulating pull rod 9, which moves vertically downward under the action of mechanical force. The moving main contact 5 separates from the stationary main contact 2. As the airflow conducts the insulating pull rod 9 continues to move downward, the pawl 8 will lock the lower drive partition 17 to move downward. The lower drive partition 17 and the base protruding pawl 10 form a piston structure, and the space between them is compressed. Gas is discharged from the opening air supply pipe 18 to the opening and closing air supply pipe port 4. The gas blows towards the arc between the moving main contact 5 and the stationary main contact 2. As the airflow conducts the insulating pull rod 9 continues to move downward, the moving main contact 5 and the stationary main contact 2 are separated first, and the moving arc contact 13 and the stationary arc contact 12 are also separated, finally realizing the opening operation.

[0022] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A new type of arc chamber for enhancing arc quenching performance of arc quenching nozzle, characterized in that The application relates to a circuit breaker, which comprises an insulating shell, an active adsorbent, a static contact mechanism, a movable contact mechanism, a pressure chamber and a lower supporting base arranged in the insulating shell from top to bottom in sequence, a driving mechanism arranged in the movable contact mechanism, and the movable contact mechanism is driven to move by the driving mechanism; a split and closing gas pipe orifice is arranged between the arc extinguishing nozzle and the movable arc contact; the pressure chamber comprises a thermal expansion chamber, a first pressure chamber, a balance chamber and a second pressure chamber; the split and closing gas pipe orifice is circumferentially distributed; the closing gas pipe orifice and the split gas pipe orifice are cross-distributed; the closing gas pipe and the split gas pipe are respectively arranged in the first pressure chamber and the second pressure chamber.

2. A new type of arc chamber for enhancing arc quenching performance of a quenching nozzle, according to claim 1, characterized in that The static contact mechanism is arranged above the movable contact mechanism, and the static contact mechanism comprises a static main contact and a static arc contact arranged on a static arc contact seat.

3. A new arc chamber for enhancing arc quenching performance of a quenching nozzle, according to claim 2, characterized in that The movable contact mechanism comprises an arc extinguishing nozzle and a movable main contact, the arc extinguishing nozzle is arranged around the movable arc contact, and the arc extinguishing nozzle is inserted into the static main contact; the movable main contact and the movable arc contact are respectively correspondingly connected with the static main contact and the static arc contact.

4. A new arc chamber for enhancing arc quenching performance of a quenching nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that The driving mechanism comprises an airflow guide insulating pull rod arranged along the height direction of the insulating shell, the airflow guide insulating pull rod is made of insulating material and is driven to move by the mechanical structure outside the arc extinguishing chamber, and the movable main contact is driven to move up and down through the up-and-down movement of the airflow guide insulating pull rod.

5. A new arc chamber for enhancing arc quenching performance of a quenching nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that The split and closing gas pipe is integrally embedded in the insulating pipe body and is not deformed and movable; the arc extinguishing nozzle, the movable main contact, the airflow guide insulating pull rod, the upper driving partition plate, the upper driving spring, the upper movable partition plate, the clamping jaw, the lower driving partition plate, the base convex clamping seat and the lower supporting clamping jaw are arranged below the split and closing gas pipe orifice from top to bottom in sequence; the upper driving partition plate, the upper movable partition plate and the lower driving partition plate are spaced to form the thermal expansion chamber, the first pressure chamber, the balance chamber and the second pressure chamber; the gas pressure between the chambers is adjusted by the partition plates or the split and closing gas pipe; the airflow guide insulating pull rod is provided with the upper and lower clamping jaws; the clamping jaws can move up and down along with the airflow guide insulating pull rod to drive the movable partition plate to move.

6. A new arc chamber for enhancing arc quenching performance of a quenching nozzle, according to claim 5, characterized in that The upper driving spring is fixed on the upper movable partition plate and can move up and down along with the upper movable partition plate; when the upper driving spring touches the upper driving partition plate, the spring elasticity can ensure that the pressure chamber space is compressed and the upper driving partition plate is driven to move upwards to make the movable arc contact move upwards to complete the closing.

7. A new arc chamber for enhancing arc quenching performance of a quenching nozzle, according to claim 5, characterized in that The partition plates and the airflow guide insulating pull rod are slidably sealed by precision casting.

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