High-order mode-based thin cloth phased-array antenna and design method

Abstract

The invention discloses a sparse fabric phased array antenna based on a high-order mode and a design method, and relates to the field of array antennas. The antenna comprises an antenna array plane and a plurality of antenna units arranged on the array plane. The antenna unit adopts a high-order mode microstrip antenna based on a substrate integrated waveguide technology, a high-order mode is excited in a cavity through a coaxial probe, and a signal is radiated through a top radiation slot. The plurality of antenna units are arranged in a sparse array form and realize switching interconnection with the T / R module through the strip-shaped switching feeder line. According to the method, the coordinates of the antenna units are optimized through the genetic algorithm, the minimum spacing is used as a limit, and sidelobe level and scanning gain decline are used as optimization targets. Compared with the traditional scheme, the high-order mode is utilized to realize high gain and low loss, grating lobes are effectively inhibited through the sparse array, the system complexity is reduced, and + / -15-degree two-dimensional phase control scanning under low sidelobe level is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of array antennas, and more specifically to a sparsely distributed phased array antenna based on higher-order modes and its design method. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are provided only as background information in connection with this disclosure and may not constitute prior art.

[0003] Antennas, as devices for transmitting or receiving electromagnetic waves, play a crucial role in the entire radar communication system. Gain is one of the important performance indicators of an antenna; high-gain antennas can effectively improve the system's sensitivity and reduce the design complexity of other components in the system.

[0004] High-gain antennas can currently be categorized into non-planar and planar structures. Reflector antennas are a common type of non-planar antenna, offering advantages such as high gain, high radiation efficiency, strong anti-interference capabilities, wide bandwidth, and simple structure. However, they are costly, require high precision in manufacturing and installation, and have poor beam scanning characteristics, typically employing mechanical scanning with slow scanning speeds, making rapid tracking or simultaneous tracking of multiple targets impossible. Planar high-gain antennas commonly include waveguide slot antennas, which have low profiles, high gain, and are easy to implement with low sidelobe beams. However, they are heavy, have relatively narrow operating bandwidths, and are difficult to manufacture and design, resulting in high costs.

[0005] Microstrip antennas offer advantages such as low profile and light weight. To achieve high gain, they are typically arrayed. However, as the number of elements increases, the array's feed network becomes more complex, leading to increased feed line losses. These losses also increase with frequency, directly impacting antenna and system performance. Another way to achieve high gain with microstrip antennas is through higher-order mode microstrip antennas. This type utilizes higher-order harmonic radiation, increasing the size of the resonant elements and improving element gain. It also reduces the loss of the synthesizing network. However, higher-order mode antennas are even larger, and when using rectangular or triangular arrays, grating lobes are generated in the antenna amplitude pattern, making two-dimensional phased scanning difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the technical problem that while high-order mode microstrip antennas offer high gain and reduced feed network losses, their large resonant element size makes it easy to generate grating lobes in the antenna amplitude pattern when using conventional rectangular or triangular arrays, and makes it difficult to achieve two-dimensional phased scanning. This invention provides a sparsely distributed phased array antenna based on high-order modes and its design method. By employing a sparse array arrangement optimized based on a genetic algorithm, combined with planar high-order mode microstrip antenna elements, this invention effectively suppresses grating lobe generation, reduces system complexity, and ultimately achieves ±15° two-dimensional phased scanning at low sidelobe levels while maintaining the advantages of high gain, low profile, and low cost.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A sparsely distributed phased array antenna based on higher-order modes includes: an antenna array surface and a plurality of antenna elements disposed on the antenna array surface; The multiple antenna elements are arranged in a sparse array on the antenna array surface; the phased array antenna also includes a strip transition feed line, through which the antenna elements are interconnected with the T / R module; the antenna elements adopt a high-order mode microstrip antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide technology, and the antenna elements are fed by a coaxial probe to excite a high-order mode inside the substrate integrated waveguide cavity, and radiate the signal through a radiation slot opened at the top of the cavity.

[0009] Furthermore, the strip-shaped transition feeder is used to realize the interconnection between the T / R module and the antenna unit when the position of the antenna unit does not directly correspond to the actual T / R module's power supply position in space, and transitions to the surface layer of the strip-shaped feeder to realize interconnection with the RF connector.

[0010] Furthermore, the antenna unit also includes metallized shielding holes and power feeding metallized holes; the metallized shielding holes are arranged at circumferential intervals along the antenna unit to form the cavity within the dielectric substrate; the power feeding metallized holes are disposed inside the cavity to introduce signals into the cavity.

[0011] Furthermore, the arrangement of the sparse array is as follows: The array aperture size is determined based on the gain and beamwidth requirements of the antenna elements. The minimum spacing between antenna elements is used as a constraint, and the antenna sidelobe level is used as the optimization target. The coordinate position of each antenna element is optimized through a genetic algorithm so that the maximum sidelobe level of the gain pattern in the azimuth and elevation planes of the antenna array is less than a preset threshold.

[0012] Furthermore, the arrangement of the sparse array can suppress grating lobes in the antenna gain pattern, and the number of antenna elements is less than the number of antenna elements arranged in a regular pattern with the same aperture.

[0013] Furthermore, the preset threshold is -16dB; and the arrangement of the sparse array also satisfies the following condition: when the phased array antenna performs two-dimensional phased scanning, the antenna gain decreases by less than 2dB within the range of ±15° of beam scanning.

[0014] This invention also proposes a design method for a sparsely distributed phased array antenna based on higher-order modes, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Determine the form, size and quantity of the antenna element according to the antenna gain requirements. The antenna element adopts a high-order mode microstrip antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide technology. It is fed by a coaxial probe to excite a high-order mode inside the substrate integrated waveguide cavity and radiates the signal through the radiation slot opened at the top of the cavity. Step S2: Determine the aperture size of the antenna array based on the antenna gain and beamwidth requirements; Step S3: Use a genetic algorithm to solve for the distribution coordinates of the antenna elements on the antenna array surface; Step S3 specifically includes: Using the minimum spacing between the antenna elements as a constraint, the antenna sidelobe level and the gain reduction during two-dimensional phased scanning are set as optimization indicators. Determine whether the maximum sidelobe level of the antenna under the current distribution coordinates is less than the first preset threshold, and whether the gain drop value within the preset scanning angle range is less than the second preset threshold; If the conditions are not met, genetic operations involving selection, crossover, and mutation are performed on the distribution coordinates to generate new distribution coordinates and re-evaluate them until the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold are met; if the conditions are met, the final antenna element distribution coordinates are output.

[0015] Furthermore, the first preset threshold is -16dB; the second preset threshold is 2dB; and the preset scanning angle range is ±15°.

[0016] Furthermore, the selection operation in the genetic operations employs a roulette wheel algorithm, specifically including: The likelihood of an individual's offspring being retained depends on the proportion of its fitness; the higher the fitness of an individual, the greater the probability of it being selected. In each round of selection, a uniformly random number in the interval [0, 1] is generated, and the random number is used as a pointer to determine the selected individual.

[0017] Furthermore, the crossover and mutation operations in the genetic operations specifically include: The odd-numbered individuals and even-numbered individuals selected by the roulette wheel method are paired up, and some genes between each pair of individuals are exchanged with a preset crossover probability to form a new pair of individuals; For each individual in the crossover population, its genotype at a specific locus is changed to other allele values ​​with a preset mutation probability, thereby obtaining a new population.

[0018] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are: This invention proposes a sparsely distributed phased array antenna based on higher-order modes and its design method. The antenna elements adopt a planar microstrip structure, reducing the antenna's profile height, weight, and manufacturing difficulty, thus saving costs. Compared to traditional microstrip antennas, it achieves high gain while avoiding losses caused by the feed network required for array formation. Furthermore, the sparse array configuration reduces the number of antenna elements, lowering the cost and system complexity of the phased array antenna. By optimizing the coordinates of the antenna elements, grating lobes in the antenna gain pattern are suppressed, and low sidelobe levels and ±15° two-dimensional phased scanning are achieved.

[0019] Specifically: 1. This invention proposes a high-gain sparsely distributed phased array antenna, which achieves high gain while reducing the loss of the power distribution network.

[0020] 2. The antenna has a simple design and low profile. It is connected via a stripline, which reduces the difficulty of processing and assembly.

[0021] 3. The antenna adopts a sparse array configuration, which effectively reduces the number of active channels, reduces the difficulty of back-end power supply design, and lowers costs.

[0022] 4. This antenna avoids grating lobes in the radiation pattern and can achieve ±15° two-dimensional phased scanning. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the design process of the sparse array antenna based on higher-order modes according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a simplified exploded view of an antenna unit according to a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the distribution of the sparse array antenna surface in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 The elevation plane and beam scanning ±15° pattern of the frequency point f0-1GHz are shown in the specific embodiment of the present invention; f0 is the center frequency of the operating frequency band, in GHz; Figure 5 This is a frequency point f0-1GHz azimuth plane and beam scanning ±15° pattern of a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a specific embodiment of the present invention, showing the frequency point f0 elevation plane and beam scanning ±15° pattern. Figure 7 This is a frequency point f0 azimuth plane and beam scanning ±15° pattern of a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 The elevation plane and beam scanning ±15° pattern at frequency point f0+1GHz are specific embodiments of the present invention. Figure 9 The frequency point f0+1GHz azimuth plane and beam scanning ±15° pattern are specific embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] Reference numerals: 1-Strip adapter feeder, 2-Feed metallized hole, 3-Radiation slot, 4-Metallized shielding hole. Detailed Implementation

[0026] It should be noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0027] The features and performance of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments.

[0028] Example 1 Please see Figure 2 A sparsely distributed phased array antenna based on higher-order modes includes: an antenna array and a plurality of antenna elements disposed on the antenna array. The multiple antenna elements are arranged in a sparse array on the antenna array surface; the phased array antenna also includes a strip transition feed line 1, through which the antenna elements are interconnected with the T / R module; the antenna elements adopt a high-order mode microstrip antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide technology, and the antenna elements are fed by a coaxial probe to excite a high-order mode inside the substrate integrated waveguide cavity, and radiate the signal through the radiation slot 3 opened at the top of the cavity.

[0029] In this embodiment, specifically, the strip-shaped adapter feeder 1 is used to realize the interconnection between the T / R module and the antenna unit when the position of the antenna unit and the actual T / R module do not directly correspond in space, and transition to the surface layer of the strip-shaped feeder to realize the interconnection with the RF connector.

[0030] In this embodiment, specifically, the antenna unit further includes a metallized shielding hole 4 and a power supply metallized hole 2; the metallized shielding holes 4 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the antenna unit to form the cavity within the dielectric substrate; the power supply metallized hole 2 is disposed inside the cavity to introduce signals into the cavity.

[0031] In this embodiment, the specific arrangement of the sparse array is as follows: The array aperture size is determined based on the gain and beamwidth requirements of the antenna elements. The minimum spacing between antenna elements is used as a constraint, and the antenna sidelobe level is used as the optimization target. The coordinate position of each antenna element is optimized through a genetic algorithm so that the maximum sidelobe level of the gain pattern in the azimuth and elevation planes of the antenna array is less than a preset threshold.

[0032] In this embodiment, specifically, the arrangement of the sparse array can suppress the grating lobes in the antenna gain pattern, and the number of antenna elements is less than the number of antenna elements arranged in a regular pattern with the same aperture.

[0033] In this embodiment, the specific preset threshold is -16dB; and the arrangement of the sparse array also satisfies the following condition: when the phased array antenna performs two-dimensional phased scanning, the antenna gain decreases by less than 2dB within the range of ±15° of beam scanning.

[0034] In summary, this embodiment proposes a sparsely distributed phased array antenna based on higher-order modes. The antenna elements are high-order mode microstrip antennas, which offer high gain and reduce feed network losses compared to conventional microstrip antennas. A genetic algorithm is used to sparsely distribute the antenna. Since this antenna is larger than conventional microstrip antennas, the spacing between antenna elements is set as an additional constraint to avoid interference between elements when determining their positions. Furthermore, antenna sidelobe levels and two-dimensional phased array scanning are included as solution conditions. Specifically, the maximum sidelobe level must be less than -16dB, and the gain drop must be less than 2dB when the beam scan reaches ±15°. The algorithm terminates when these conditions are met.

[0035] Example 2 Please see Figure 1 Example 2 proposes a design method for a sparsely distributed phased array antenna based on higher-order modes, which specifically includes the following steps: Step S1: Based on the antenna gain requirements, determine the form, size, and quantity of the antenna elements. The antenna elements adopt high-order mode microstrip antennas based on substrate integrated waveguide technology. They are fed by a coaxial probe to excite high-order modes inside the substrate integrated waveguide cavity and radiate the signal through the radiation slot at the top of the cavity. That is, the antenna element aperture and the number of array elements are determined by the antenna element gain requirements. Step S2: Determine the aperture size of the antenna array based on the antenna gain and beamwidth requirements; Step S3: Use a genetic algorithm to solve for the distribution coordinates of the antenna elements on the antenna array surface; Step S3 specifically includes: Using the minimum spacing between the antenna elements as a constraint, the antenna sidelobe level and the gain reduction during two-dimensional phased scanning are set as optimization indicators. Determine whether the maximum sidelobe level of the antenna under the current distribution coordinates is less than the first preset threshold, and whether the gain drop value within the preset scanning angle range is less than the second preset threshold; If the conditions are not met, genetic operations involving selection, crossover, and mutation are performed on the distribution coordinates to generate new distribution coordinates and re-evaluate them until the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold are met; if the conditions are met, the final antenna element distribution coordinates are output.

[0036] In specific applications, step S3 is implemented as follows: Based on the genetic algorithm, the minimum spacing between antenna elements is used as a constraint and the antenna sidelobe level is used as the optimization target. By optimizing the position of each array element, the initial position of each antenna element is obtained when the maximum sidelobe level of the azimuth gain pattern and the maximum sidelobe level of the elevation gain pattern are both less than -16dB. When calculating the gain drop during two-dimensional phased scanning of the antenna array, the algorithm terminates if the design specifications are met. Otherwise, it performs selection, crossover, and mutation genetic operations to optimize the antenna element coordinates until the termination condition is met, at which point the loop ends and the final coordinates are output.

[0037] In this embodiment, specifically, the first preset threshold is -16dB; the second preset threshold is 2dB; and the preset scanning angle range is ±15°; that is, the maximum sidelobe level of the antenna is required to be less than -16dB, and the gain scanning drop is less than 2dB when the beam is scanned to ±15°.

[0038] In this embodiment, specifically, the selection operation in the genetic operation adopts the roulette wheel algorithm, specifically including: The likelihood of an individual's offspring being retained depends on the proportion of its fitness; the higher the fitness of an individual, the greater the probability of it being selected. In each round of selection, a uniformly random number in the interval [0, 1] is generated, and the random number is used as a pointer to determine the selected individual.

[0039] In this embodiment, specifically, the crossover and mutation operations in the genetic operations include: The odd-numbered individuals and even-numbered individuals selected by the roulette wheel method are paired up, and some genes between each pair of individuals are exchanged with a preset crossover probability to form a new pair of individuals; For each individual in the crossover population, its gene value at a specific locus is changed to other allele values ​​with a preset mutation probability, thereby obtaining a new population. Fitness is calculated and the best individual is retained for the next genetic operation. When a given number of iterations or a predetermined condition is met, the algorithm terminates and outputs the optimal solution.

[0040] In summary, the antenna in this invention adopts a planar microstrip antenna form, which reduces the antenna's profile height, weight, and manufacturing difficulty, thereby lowering the cost. Furthermore, while achieving high gain, it reduces the loss of the feed network required for the microstrip antenna operating in the main mode during array formation.

[0041] This invention employs a sparse array antenna, which, compared to conventional array methods, reduces the number of array elements, thereby lowering the cost and system complexity of the phased array antenna. Furthermore, by optimizing the array position of each antenna element, it achieves a low sidelobe level for the antenna.

[0042] Example 3 According to the design process, the form and size of the high-gain antenna elements are first determined based on the antenna gain requirements, and the number of elements and aperture size of the antenna array are planned. The coordinates of each antenna element in the array are then calculated using an algorithm.

[0043] This antenna element is based on substrate integrated waveguide technology. It is fed by a coaxial probe, exciting higher-order modes inside the cavity, and radiating the signal through a top slot. Since the antenna element's position does not directly correspond to the actual feed position of the T / R module in space, a stripline is added to achieve the interconnection between the T / R module and the antenna, and then transitions to the surface layer of the stripline for interconnection with the RF connector. A simplified exploded view of the antenna element is shown below. Figure 2 As shown.

[0044] The antenna array was simulated using electromagnetic simulation software, and the array surface distribution was as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0045] Figure 4When the frequency is f0-1GHz, the array elevation plane and beam scanning pattern are ±15°. At this frequency, the antenna normal gain is 31.2dBi, the normal first sidelobe level is 17.3dB, and when the pattern is scanned to ±15°, the gain scan drops to 1.5dB. Figure 5 When the frequency is f0-1GHz, the array azimuth plane and beam scan ±15° pattern, the antenna normal gain at this frequency is 31.2dBi, the normal first sidelobe level is 17.1dB, and when the pattern is scanned to ±15°, the gain scan drops to 1.9dB. Figure 6 At frequency f0, the array elevation plane and beam scan ±15° pattern, the antenna normal gain at this frequency is 31.5dBi, the normal first sidelobe level is 17.2dB, and when the pattern is scanned to ±15°, the gain scan drops to 1.6dB. Figure 7 At frequency f0, the array azimuth plane and beam scan ±15° pattern, the antenna normal gain at this frequency is 31.5dBi, the normal first sidelobe level is 17.1dB, and when the pattern is scanned to ±15°, the gain scan drops to 1.9dB. Figure 8 At frequency f0+1GHz, with the array elevation plane and beam scanning ±15° pattern, the antenna normal gain at this frequency is 31.9dBi, the normal first sidelobe level is 17.2dB, and when the pattern is scanned to ±15°, the gain scan drops to 1.2dB. Figure 9 At frequency f0+1GHz, the array azimuth plane and beam scan ±15° pattern, the antenna normal gain at this frequency is 31.9dBi, the normal first sidelobe level is 16.9dB, and the gain scan drops to 2.0dB when the pattern is scanned to ±15°.

[0046] The above data shows that the sparse array antenna exhibits good performance in terms of gain, pattern sidelobe level, and gain scan reduction, and can meet the ±15° two-dimensional phased scan requirement.

[0047] In summary, there are few cases of using high-order mode antennas to achieve phased array scanning. This invention combines high-order mode microstrip antennas with sparse arrays, avoiding the occurrence of grating lobes in the antenna amplitude pattern when using rectangular or triangular arrays. Ultimately, this array can achieve ±15° two-dimensional phased array scanning.

[0048] The embodiments described above merely illustrate specific implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are detailed and specific, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the technical solution of this application, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0049] This background section is provided to generally present the context of the invention. The work of the currently named inventors, the work to the extent described in this background section, and aspects of this section that did not constitute prior art at the time of application are neither expressly nor impliedly acknowledged as prior art to the invention.

Claims

1. A sparse phased array antenna based on high order modes, characterized in that, The application relates to a phased array antenna. The application comprises: an antenna array surface and a plurality of antenna units arranged on the antenna array surface; 2. The sparse phased array antenna based on high order modes according to claim 1, characterized in that, the plurality of antenna units are arranged in a sparse array on the antenna array surface; the phased array antenna further comprises a strip-shaped transfer feed line (1), the antenna units are connected to T / R modules through the strip-shaped transfer feed line (1); the antenna units are high-order mode microstrip antennas based on a substrate integrated waveguide technology, the antenna units are fed through coaxial probes, high-order modes are excited in a substrate integrated waveguide cavity, and signals are radiated out through radiation slots (3) arranged on the top of the cavity.

3. The sparse phased array antenna based on high order modes of claim 1, wherein, The strip-shaped transfer feed line (1) is used for realizing the transfer connection between the T / R modules and the antenna units when the positions of the antenna units and the feeding positions of the actual T / R modules do not directly correspond in space, and is connected to a strip line surface layer and a radio frequency connector.

4. The sparse phased array antenna based on high order modes of claim 1, wherein, The antenna units further comprise metalized shielding holes (4) and feeding metalized holes (2); the metalized shielding holes (4) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the antenna units to form the cavity in the dielectric substrate; and the feeding metalized holes (2) are arranged in the cavity and used for introducing signals into the cavity. The arrangement mode of the sparse array is as follows:

5. The sparse phased array antenna based on high order modes according to claim 4, characterized in that, the size of the antenna array surface is determined according to the gain and beam width of the antenna units, the coordinate positions of the antenna units are optimized through a genetic algorithm under the condition that the minimum distance between the antenna units is limited and the maximum side lobe level of the antenna array is optimized, and the maximum side lobe level of the gain direction diagram of the antenna array in the azimuth plane and the elevation plane is less than a preset threshold value.

6. The sparse phased array antenna based on high order modes according to claim 4, characterized in that, The arrangement mode of the sparse array can suppress the grating lobe in the gain direction diagram of the antenna, and the number of the antenna units is less than that of the antenna units arranged regularly under the same aperture.

7. A design method of a sparse phased array antenna based on high order mode, characterized in that, The preset threshold value is -16 dB, and the arrangement mode of the sparse array further satisfies the following condition: when the phased array antenna is two-dimensionally phased scanned, the gain of the antenna decreases by less than 2 dB within a range of + / - 15 degrees of beam scanning. The application comprises the following steps: Step S1: the form, size and number of the antenna units are determined according to the gain requirement of the antenna, the antenna units are high-order mode microstrip antennas based on a substrate integrated waveguide technology, the antenna units are fed through coaxial probes, high-order modes are excited in a substrate integrated waveguide cavity, and signals are radiated out through radiation slots arranged on the top of the cavity; Step S2: the aperture size of the antenna array surface is determined according to the gain and beam width of the antenna; Step S3: the distribution coordinates of the antenna units on the antenna array surface are solved through a genetic algorithm; The step S3 specifically comprises: the minimum distance between the antenna units is taken as a limiting condition, the side lobe level of the antenna and the gain decrease value during two-dimensional phased scanning are taken as optimization indexes; whether the maximum side lobe level of the antenna under the current distribution coordinates is less than a first preset threshold value and whether the gain decrease value within a preset scanning angle range is less than a second preset threshold value are judged; If not satisfied, genetic operations of selection, crossover and mutation are performed on the distribution coordinates to generate new distribution coordinates and rejudge until the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold are satisfied; if satisfied, the final antenna element distribution coordinates are output.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The first preset threshold is -16 dB; the second preset threshold is 2 dB; and the preset scanning angle range is ± 15°.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein, The selection operation in the genetic operation adopts a roulette method, and specifically includes: The possibility of offspring reservation of each individual is determined according to the size of the proportion of individual fitness, and the greater the individual fitness, the greater the probability of being selected; A uniform random number in the interval [0, 1] is generated in each round of selection, and the random number is used as a pointer to determine the selected individual.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein, The crossover and mutation operations in the genetic operation specifically include: The odd individual and the even individual selected by the roulette method are matched, and part of the genes between each pair of individuals is exchanged at a preset crossover probability to form a new pair of individuals; For each individual in the population after the crossover, the gene value of the individual at a specific gene locus is changed to other allele values at a preset mutation probability, so as to obtain a new population.

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