Omnidirectional self-adaptive leveling device for chassis of small rice and wheat harvester in plateau mountain land

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and discloses an omni-directional self-adaptive leveling device chassis of a plateau mountain small rice and wheat harvester chassis, two ends of the front side are respectively provided with symmetrical eccentric wheel swing mechanisms, the eccentric wheel swing mechanisms are driven by a gearbox and a storage battery, and the eccentric wheel swing mechanisms are used for adjusting the height of driving wheels on the same side. A seat is arranged at the top end of the tail of the chassis, and a slider rocker mechanism is arranged at the bottom end of the tail of the chassis corresponding to the seat and used for adjusting the height of the rear end of the chassis. According to the device, through the eccentric wheel swing mechanism and the sliding block rocker mechanism, the maximum left-right roll of + / -16.39 degrees, the maximum front bending of 16.69 degrees, the maximum back bending accurate leveling of 11.64 degrees and the adjustment of the ground clearance of 0-112.7 mm of a machine body can be achieved, the inclination angle of a vehicle body can be controlled within + / -2 degrees at the normal running speed, the swing angle difference of the swing mechanism can be controlled within + / -1 degree, and the safety of the vehicle body is guaranteed. And stable driving and operation under different terrains can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically to an omnidirectional adaptive leveling device for the chassis of a small rice and wheat harvester for high-altitude mountainous areas. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the overall mechanization rate of crop cultivation and harvesting in hilly and mountainous areas is only 55%, far below the national average of approximately 75%. The complex terrain of hilly and mountainous areas, with its rugged roads, steep slopes, narrow paths, and fragmented, discontinuous plots, makes it difficult for traditional medium-to-large agricultural machinery from plains areas to adapt. Power machinery and operating machinery, due to undulating terrain, high center of gravity, large dynamic changes in center of gravity position, and large chassis pitch angles, suffer from poor driver visibility, difficulty in maintaining stability of the vehicle body and operating components, and high operational difficulty. This results in poor operational stability, low operational efficiency, and even the risk of serious safety accidents such as tilting, sinking, and overturning, severely affecting operational quality, threatening the lives of operators, and hindering the development of agricultural mechanization and modernization. In terms of the adaptability of agricultural equipment to slope, traditional agricultural machinery can basically meet the operational needs for terrain below 6°; hilly terrain of 6°~15° is suitable for small and medium-sized agricultural machinery; sloping terrain of 15°~25° is only suitable for small agricultural machinery; and steep slopes exceeding 25° are not suitable for mechanized operations. Therefore, the "agricultural machinery problem in hilly and mountainous areas" mainly refers to the mechanization problem in hilly and mountainous areas with a slope of 6° to 25°. Due to these problems in hilly and mountainous areas, there is an urgent need to develop and design an adaptive chassis leveling device suitable for rice and wheat harvesters in high-altitude and mountainous areas. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an omnidirectional adaptive leveling device for the chassis of a small rice and wheat harvester in high-altitude mountainous areas. This device offers advantages such as stable operation on terrains of varying heights and slopes, and improved adaptability of the machinery on steep or uneven terrain, thus solving the aforementioned technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an omnidirectional adaptive leveling device for the chassis of a small rice and wheat harvester for high-altitude mountainous areas, comprising a chassis, a gearbox, and a battery. The gearbox is driven by an engine. A harvesting assembly is connected to the front side of the chassis. Symmetrical eccentric wheel swing mechanisms are respectively provided at both ends of the front side of the chassis, and both are driven by the gearbox and the battery. The eccentric wheel swing mechanisms are used to adjust the height of the drive wheels on the same side. A seat is provided at the top of the rear of the chassis. A slider rocker mechanism is provided at the bottom of the rear of the chassis corresponding to the seat. The slider rocker mechanism is used to adjust the height of the rear end of the chassis.

[0005] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a motor is provided at the front end of the chassis, the output end of the motor is connected to a coupling, the motor is driven by a battery, and the output end of the coupling is connected to an eccentric wheel swing mechanism.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the eccentric wheel oscillating mechanism includes a worm, a worm wheel, a driven chain shaft, a drive shaft, an outer chain plate, and an inner chain plate. The worm is fixedly installed at the output end of the coupling. The worm wheel is keyed to one side of the outer chain plate and is connected to the worm. The outer chain plate is bolted to the inner chain plate. The driven chain shaft is transitionally fitted with the outer chain plate and the inner chain plate, and a drive wheel is installed at one end of the driven chain shaft. The drive shaft is installed on the front side of the chassis and is driven by the gearbox. The drive shaft is transitionally fitted with the outer chain plate and the inner chain plate.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer end of the drive shaft is keyed to a drive sprocket, the outer end of the driven sprocket is keyed to a driven sprocket, and the outer ends of the drive sprocket and the driven sprocket are connected to a chain, so that power is transmitted from the drive sprocket to the driven sprocket and output to the drive wheel through the driven sprocket.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the slider rocker mechanism includes an upper rocker, a lower rocker, and a rear wheel floating bracket. The upper rocker is bolted to the bottom of the chassis, the lower rocker is hinged to the upper rocker, the rear wheel floating bracket is bolted to the lower rocker, and rear wheels are installed on both sides of the rear wheel floating bracket.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an electric cylinder is hinged to the middle end of the upper rocker arm, the output end of the electric cylinder is hinged to the lower rocker arm, and the electric cylinder is electrically connected to the battery.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an omnidirectional adaptive leveling device for the chassis of a small rice and wheat harvester in high-altitude mountainous areas, which has the following beneficial effects: This invention, through an eccentric wheel swing mechanism and a slider rocker mechanism, enables precise leveling of the machine body with a maximum left-right tilt of ±16.39°, a maximum forward tilt of 16.69°, and a maximum backward tilt of 11.64°, as well as ground clearance adjustment from 0 to 112.7 mm. At normal driving speeds, the body tilt angle can be controlled within ±2°, and the swing angle difference of the swing mechanism can be controlled within ±1°, making it adaptable to sloping farmland with a gradient of less than 15 degrees. This chassis leveling device enables stable driving and operation in different terrains, improving stability, increasing rice and wheat harvesting efficiency, reducing machine damage and operating time, minimizing damage to soil and vegetation, protecting arable land resources, and reducing the impact on the ecosystem. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the omnidirectional adaptive leveling device for the chassis of a small rice and wheat harvester for high-altitude mountainous areas according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the right-side leveling of the entire machine according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the chassis left leveling of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall forward tilting and leveling of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall tilting and leveling of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the ground clearance of the entire machine when it is adjusted to its maximum. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the machine's ground clearance when adjusted to its lowest setting.

[0012] The components are as follows: 1. Discharge port; 2. Fan; 3. Threshing drum; 4. Reel; 5. Cutting table; 6. Drive wheel; 7. Eccentric wheel swing mechanism; 8. Engine; 9. Chassis; 10. Steering pedal; 11. Sliding rocker mechanism; 12. Rear wheel; 13. Seat; 14. Gear shift lever; 15. Hand handle; 16. Battery; 17. Motor; 18. Coupling; 19. Worm gear; 20. Worm wheel; 21. Driven sprocket; 22. Drive shaft; 23. Outer chain plate; 24. Inner chain plate; 25. Gearbox; 26. Chain; 27. Upper rocker arm; 28. Lower rocker arm; 29. ​​Electric cylinder; 30. Rear wheel floating bracket; 31. Drive sprocket; 32. Driven sprocket. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0014] Please see Figures 1-8A small rice and wheat harvester chassis for high-altitude mountainous areas has an omnidirectional adaptive leveling device, including a chassis 9, a gearbox 25 and a battery 16, as well as a header 5, a reel 4, a threshing drum 3, a fan 2, a discharge port 1, a seat 13, a rear wheel 12, a slider rocker mechanism 11, a chassis 9, an engine 8, an eccentric wheel swing mechanism 7, and a drive wheel 6. The gearbox 25 is driven by the engine 8. The harvesting components are connected to the front side of the chassis 9. Symmetrical eccentric wheel swing mechanisms 7 are respectively set at both ends of the front side of the chassis 9, and both are driven by the gearbox 25 and the battery 16. The eccentric wheel swing mechanism 7 is used to adjust the height of the drive wheel 6 on the same side. A seat 13 is set at the top of the rear of the chassis 9. A slider rocker mechanism 11 is set at the bottom of the rear of the chassis 9 corresponding to the seat 13. The slider rocker mechanism 11 is used to adjust the height of the rear end of the chassis 9. The harvesting assembly includes a reel 4, which is hinged to a header 5. The header 5 is hinged to a threshing drum 3, which is hinged to a chassis 9. A blower 2 is bolted to the chassis 9. A discharge port 1 is bolted to the blower 2. A seat 13 is hinged to the chassis 9. A slider rocker mechanism 11 is bolted to the chassis 9. A rear wheel 12 is bolted to the slider rocker mechanism 11. An engine 8 is bolted to the chassis 9. A motor 17 is installed at the front end of the chassis 9. The output end of the motor 17 is connected to a coupling 18. The motor 17 is driven by the battery 16. The output end of the coupling 18 is connected to the eccentric wheel swing mechanism 7. The motor 17 is bolted to both sides of the chassis 9, and the coupling 18 is keyed to the motor, driving the worm gear to rotate, as detailed below. Figure 1 As shown, the coupling 18 is rotatable relative to the chassis 9 by means of a crossbar on the chassis 9; The eccentric wheel oscillating mechanism 7 includes a worm 19, a worm wheel 20, a driven chain shaft 21, a drive shaft 22, an outer chain plate 23, and an inner chain plate 24. The worm 19 is fixedly installed at the output end of the coupling 18. The worm wheel 20 is keyed to one side of the outer chain plate 23 and is connected to the worm 19. The outer chain plate 23 and the inner chain plate 24 are bolted together. The driven chain shaft 21 is transitionally fitted with the outer chain plate 23 and the inner chain plate 24 (in the actual installation process, it is installed with bearings). A drive shaft 22 is installed at one end of the driven chain shaft 21. The drive wheel 6 and drive shaft 22 are mounted on the front side of the chassis 9 and are driven by the gearbox 25. The drive shaft 22 is transitionally fitted with the outer chain plate 23 and the inner chain plate 24 (in the specific installation process, it is installed with bearings). Through the drive motor 17, the coupling 18 can be driven, which in turn drives the worm gear 19 to rotate relative to the chassis 9. After the worm gear 19 rotates, it drives the worm wheel 20 to rotate, which in turn drives the outer chain plate 23 and the inner chain plate 24 to rotate relative to the chassis 9, thereby lifting or lowering the wheel on that side. In this embodiment, the eccentric wheel oscillation mechanism 7 can be divided into a left eccentric wheel oscillation mechanism and a right eccentric wheel oscillation mechanism. Their specific structures and functions are exactly the same. The following is a separate discussion of the driving process of the left eccentric wheel oscillation mechanism and the right eccentric wheel oscillation mechanism: The eccentric wheel swing mechanism on the left side includes a worm 19, a worm wheel 20, a driven chain shaft 21, a drive shaft 22 on the left side, an outer chain plate 23, and an inner chain plate 24. The worm 19 is keyed to the coupling. The worm wheel 20 meshes with the worm 19. The worm wheel 20 is keyed to the outer chain plate 23. The outer chain plate 23 is bolted to the inner chain plate 24. The drive shaft 22 on the left side is mounted on the inner chain plate 24 and the outer chain plate 23 (in the actual installation process, it is installed with bearings). The driven chain shaft 21 is mounted on the inner chain plate 24 and the outer chain plate 23 (in the actual installation process, it is installed with bearings). Through the drive motor 17, the coupling 18 can be driven, which in turn drives the worm 19 to rotate relative to the chassis 9. After the worm 19 rotates, it drives the worm wheel 20 to rotate, which in turn drives the outer chain plate 23 and the inner chain plate 24 to rotate relative to the chassis 9, thereby lifting or lowering the wheel on that side. The eccentric wheel swing mechanism on the right side includes a worm 19, a worm wheel 20, a driven chain shaft 21, a drive shaft 22 on the right side, an outer chain plate 23, and an inner chain plate 24. The worm 19 is keyed to the coupling. The worm wheel 20 is geared to the worm 19. The worm wheel 20 is keyed to the outer chain plate 23. The outer chain plate 23 is bolted to the inner chain plate 24. The drive shaft 22 on the right side is mounted on the inner chain plate 24 and the outer chain plate 23 (in the specific installation process, it is installed with bearings). The driven chain shaft 21 is mounted on the inner chain plate 24 and the outer chain plate 23 (in the specific installation process, it is installed with bearings). Through the drive motor 17, the coupling 18 can be driven, which in turn drives the worm 19 to rotate relative to the chassis 9. After the worm 19 rotates, it drives the worm wheel 20 to rotate, which in turn drives the outer chain plate 23 and the inner chain plate 24 to rotate relative to the chassis 9, thereby lifting or lowering the wheel on that side. In this embodiment, specifically as follows: Figure 1 As shown, when the chassis 9 is in a horizontal position, neither the worm 19 nor the worm wheel 20 moves, and the position of the worm wheel 20 connected to the outer chain plate 23 points to the front of the chassis; like Figure 2 As shown, the eccentric wheel swing mechanism on the left drives the motor 17, which can drive the coupling 18 along... Figure 2 The position shown rotates counterclockwise, which in turn drives the worm gear 19 to rotate counterclockwise relative to the chassis 9. After the worm gear 19 rotates, it drives the worm wheel 20 to rotate counterclockwise. After the worm wheel 20 rotates, it drives the outer chain plate 23 and the inner chain plate 24 to rotate counterclockwise. After being lifted by the outer chain plate 23 and the inner chain plate 24, it drives the right drive wheel 6 to lift. Similarly, because the eccentric wheel swing mechanism on the right drives the motor 17, it can drive the coupling 18 to rotate counterclockwise. Figure 2The position shown rotates clockwise, which in turn drives the worm gear 19 to rotate clockwise relative to the chassis 9. After the worm gear 19 rotates, it drives the worm wheel 20 to rotate clockwise. After the worm wheel 20 rotates, it drives the outer chain plate 23 and the inner chain plate 24 to rotate clockwise. After the outer chain plate 23 and the inner chain plate 24 descend, they drive the left drive wheel 6 to move down, and the entire vehicle body shifts to the right. The eccentric wheel swing mechanism on the right side drives the motor 17, which can drive the coupling 18 along... Figure 2 The position shown rotates counterclockwise, which in turn drives the worm gear 19 to rotate counterclockwise relative to the chassis 9. After the worm gear 19 rotates, it drives the worm wheel 20 to rotate counterclockwise. After the worm wheel 20 rotates, it drives the outer chain plate 23 and the inner chain plate 24 to rotate counterclockwise. After being lifted by the outer chain plate 23 and the inner chain plate 24, it drives the left drive wheel 6 to lift. Similarly, because the left eccentric wheel swing mechanism drives the motor 17, it can drive the coupling 18 to rotate counterclockwise. Figure 2 The position shown is rotated clockwise, which in turn causes the worm gear 19 to rotate clockwise relative to the chassis 9. After the worm gear 19 rotates, it causes the worm wheel 20 to rotate clockwise. After the worm wheel 20 rotates, it causes the outer chain plate 23 and the inner chain plate 24 to rotate clockwise. After the outer chain plate 23 and the inner chain plate 24 descend, they cause the right drive wheel 6 to move down, and the entire vehicle body shifts to the left.

[0015] The drive shaft 22 is keyed to the outer end of the drive sprocket 31, and the driven sprocket 21 is keyed to the outer end of the driven sprocket 32. The outer ends of the drive sprocket 31 and the driven sprocket 32 ​​are connected to a chain 26, which transmits power from the drive sprocket 31 to the driven sprocket 32 ​​and outputs it to the drive wheel 6 through the driven sprocket 21.

[0016] The slider rocker mechanism 11 includes an upper rocker 27, a lower rocker 28, and a rear wheel floating bracket 30. The upper rocker 27 is bolted to the bottom of the chassis 9, the lower rocker 28 is hinged to the upper rocker 27, and the rear wheel floating bracket 30 is bolted to the lower rocker 28. Rear wheels 12 are installed on both sides of the rear wheel floating bracket 30.

[0017] An electric cylinder 29 is hinged to the middle of the upper rocker arm 27, and the output end of the electric cylinder 29 is hinged to the lower rocker arm 28. The electric cylinder 29 is electrically connected to the battery 16. like Figure 7 , Figure 8As shown, the eccentric wheel swing mechanisms on both sides simultaneously drive the motor 17, which can drive the coupling 18 to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise, thereby driving the worm 19 to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise relative to the chassis 9. After the worm 19 rotates, it drives the worm wheel 20 to rotate. After the worm wheel rotates, it drives the outer chain plate 23 and the inner chain plate 24 to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise. After the outer chain plate 23 and the inner chain plate 24 are lifted or lowered, the drive wheel 6 is lifted or lowered. During the process of lifting or lowering the drive wheel 6, the slider rocker mechanism 1 1. Drive electric cylinder 29. Electric cylinder 29 extends or retracts, thereby driving lower rocker arm 28 to rise or fall. Lower rocker arm 28 rises or falls, driving rear wheel floating bracket 30. After being raised or fallen by swing mechanism and slider rocker mechanism 11, it drives chassis 9 to rise or fall. When outer chain plate 23 and inner chain plate 24 are lifted, driving drive wheel 6 to rise, at the same time the slider rocker mechanism drives electric cylinder 29. Electric cylinder 29 extends, driving chassis 9 to rise, thereby increasing ground clearance. Similarly, ground clearance can be shortened. This invention relates to a small-scale rice and wheat harvester for high-altitude mountainous areas. While conforming to ergonomic principles, its steering is controlled by a foot pedal 10 (the process of controlling direction with the foot pedal 10 is a common technology and is not emphasized here, as it is easily implemented by those skilled in the art), thus reducing costs. This chassis leveling device enables stable driving and operation in various terrains, improving stability, increasing rice and wheat harvesting efficiency, reducing machine damage and operating time, minimizing damage to soil and vegetation, protecting arable land resources, and reducing the impact on the ecosystem. This device can achieve the maximum fuselage size Left and right tilt leveling function, maximum Forward tilt, maximum The device features dynamic leveling capability with a tilt angle of 0-112.7mm (minimum body 88.5mm - maximum 201.2mm). At normal driving speeds, the vehicle tilt angle can be controlled within ±2°, and the swing angle difference of the swing mechanism can be controlled within ±1°, adapting to slopes of less than 15 degrees. This chassis leveling device enables stable driving and operation on various terrains, improving stability, increasing rice and wheat harvesting efficiency, reducing machine damage and operating time, minimizing damage to soil and vegetation, protecting arable land resources, and reducing the impact on the ecosystem. The device boasts high reliability and durability, maintaining stability and performance during extended operation, reducing maintenance costs, and extending machine lifespan. Furthermore, the power source (motor, electric cylinder) involved in this invention can be replaced with hydraulic drive as needed, as required. This invention has a compact structure, does not occupy excessive space, and is easy to retrofit onto existing harvesters.

[0018] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A kind of highland plateau small rice and wheat harvester chassis omnidirectional self-adaptive leveling device, including chassis (9), gearbox (25) and battery (16), the gearbox (25) is driven by engine (8), it is characterized by: The chassis (9) front side is connected with a harvesting assembly, the chassis (9) front side two ends are respectively provided with symmetrical eccentric wheel swing mechanism (7), and are driven by gearbox (25) and battery (16), the eccentric wheel swing mechanism (7) is used for adjusting the height of the driving wheel (6) on the same side, the chassis (9) tail top is provided with a seat (13), the chassis (9) tail bottom is provided with a slider rocker mechanism (11) corresponding to the seat (13), the slider rocker mechanism (11) is used for adjusting the height of the chassis (9) rear end.

2. The omni-directional self-adaptive leveling device of the highland small-sized rice and wheat harvester chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chassis (9) front end is provided with a motor (17), the motor (17) output end is connected with a shaft coupling (18), the motor (17) is driven by the battery (16), the shaft coupling (18) output end is connected with the eccentric wheel swing mechanism (7).

3. The omni-directional self-adaptive leveling device of the highland small-sized rice and wheat harvester chassis according to claim 2, characterized in that: The eccentric wheel swing mechanism (7) includes a worm (19), a worm gear (20), a driven chain shaft (21), a drive shaft (22), an outer chain plate (23) and an inner chain plate (24), the worm (19) is fixedly installed on the output end of the shaft coupling (18), the worm gear (20) is connected on one side of the outer chain plate (23) and is connected with the worm (19), the outer chain plate (23) is bolted with the inner chain plate (24), the driven chain shaft (21) is transitionally connected with the outer chain plate (23) and the inner chain plate (24), and the drive wheel (6) is installed on one end of the driven chain shaft (21), the drive shaft (22) is installed on the front side of the chassis (9) and is driven by the gearbox (25), and the drive shaft (22) is transitionally connected with the outer chain plate (23) and the inner chain plate (24).

4. The omni-directional self-adaptive leveling device of the highland small-sized rice and wheat harvester chassis according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer end of the drive shaft (22) is keyed with a driving sprocket (31), the outer end of the driven chain shaft (21) is keyed with a driven sprocket (32), and the outer ends of the driving sprocket (31) and the driven sprocket (32) are connected with a chain (26), so that power is transmitted from the driving sprocket (31) to the driven sprocket (32) and then output to the drive wheel (6) through the driven chain shaft (21).

5. The omni-directional self-adaptive leveling device of the highland small-sized rice and wheat harvester chassis according to claim 3, characterized in that: The slider rocker mechanism (11) includes an upper rocker (27), a lower rocker (28) and a rear wheel floating support (30), the upper rocker (27) is bolted on the bottom end of the chassis (9), the lower rocker (28) is hinged with the upper rocker (27), and the rear wheel floating support (30) is bolted with the lower rocker (28), and the rear wheel floating support (30) is provided with rear wheels (12) on both sides.

6. The omni-directional self-adaptive leveling device of the highland small-sized rice and wheat harvester chassis according to claim 5, characterized in that: The middle end of the upper rocker (27) is hinged with an electric cylinder (29), the output end of the electric cylinder (29) is hinged with the lower rocker (28), and the electric cylinder (29) is electrically connected with the battery (16).

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