Cable identification method and system based on Smart3D

Abstract

The invention discloses a cable identification method and system based on Smart3D electrical integration design. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, establishing a mapping mechanism between a cable standard attribute and a block attribute; step 2, constructing a cable-equipment-system three-dimensional association relationship, and realizing cable standard attribute linkage updating; and step 3, based on the mapping mechanism constructed in the step 1 and the three-dimensional association relationship constructed in the step 2, identifying the system diagram in a drawing preprocessing stage. According to the method, a system diagram identification function is embedded into electrical design software and a database customized in the ship industry, values in drawn cables, equipment and attribute blocks near the cables are identified, and the identified attribute values are stored in corresponding attribute columns according to an attribute mapping relation defined by a background user, so that the attribute values are identified. And identification and unified management of cable attributes are realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of shipbuilding inspection and digital management software development, and particularly relates to a cable identification method and system based on Smart3D electrical integrated design. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of ship electrical engineering, with the improvement of engineering data management and digital delivery requirements, the parameterization management technology of cables as key engineering objects has the following defects:

[0003] 1. The traditional CAD system stores cable attributes in text objects, while some designers are used to using block attributes for labeling, resulting in inconsistent data formats;

[0004] 2. Current parameter extraction relies on manual recognition, which has low efficiency and high error rate for complex system diagrams containing hundreds of cable nodes;

[0005] 3. Cable attributes and connected devices lack effective association, resulting in the need for multiple interface operations during subsequent design changes and increased maintenance costs. SUMMARY

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the application provides a cable identification method and system based on Smart3D electrical integrated design, which embeds system diagram recognition functions into electrical design software and databases customized for the shipbuilding industry, recognizes the values in the attributes blocks near the already drawn cables, devices, and cables, and stores the recognized attribute values into the corresponding attribute columns according to the attribute mapping relationship defined by the background user, realizing the identification and unified management of cable attributes.

[0007] The purpose of the application is achieved through the following technical scheme, a cable identification method based on Smart3D electrical integrated design, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step 1, establishing a mapping mechanism between cable standard attributes and block attributes;

[0009] Step 2, constructing a three-dimensional association relationship of cables-devices-system to realize the linkage update of cable standard attributes;

[0010] Step 3, based on the mapping mechanism constructed in step 1 and the three-dimensional association relationship constructed in step 2, recognizing the system diagram in the drawing preprocessing stage.

[0011] Preferably, in step 1, a visual management interface is constructed, a mapping template between cable standard attributes and block attributes is constructed in the visual management interface, and a drag-and-drop association relationship is set to establish a mapping mechanism between cable standard attributes and block attributes.

[0012] Preferably, in step 2, the construction of the three-dimensional association relationship of the cable-equipment-system includes the following steps:

[0013] Step 2.1, a three-layer mapping system is constructed, including a basic attribute layer, an extended attribute layer and a custom attribute layer, wherein the basic attribute layer corresponds to the mandatory attributes of the cable design, the extended attribute layer corresponds to the cable function adaptation and engineering application parameters, and the extended attribute layer is set according to the scene customization requirements of a specific ship;

[0014] Step 2.2, a mapping template is generated according to the three-layer mapping relationship, the cable standard attributes are associated with the mapping template through drag-and-drop association, a mapping relationship rule is generated, the mapping relationship rule is stored in the ship electrical design database, and is synchronously updated to the attribute recognition engine of the Smart3D platform, and in the subsequent recognition process, the data is automatically matched according to the layered mapping rule.

[0015] Preferably, in step 2, the following steps are further included:

[0016] Step 2.3, the mapping rule in step 2.2 is subjected to conflict detection, repeated or contradictory mapping rules are identified and processed.

[0017] Preferably, in step 3, the steps of system diagram recognition are as follows:

[0018] Step 3.1, the cable, equipment block and label are recognized in the drawing preprocessing stage;

[0019] Step 3.2, the cable is accurately positioned by using a cable positioning model;

[0020] Step 3.3, the cable attribute is recognized by using a cable recognition engine;

[0021] Step 3.4, the connection relationship is identified based on topology analysis;

[0022] Step 3.5, an automatic error correction mechanism is constructed to detect abnormal parameter values, prompt error reasons, and correct errors;

[0023] Step 3.6, a time series database is used to store design change records.

[0024] Preferably, in step 3.3, the cable recognition engine, taking into account the thinness of cable lines, extracts cable line features in different directions, automatically strengthens the weight of cable line feature channels, weakens the weight of background elements, and focuses the model on the cable area. By collecting ship electrical system diagrams, it extracts typical features of equipment blocks and annotation text, and establishes a background feature template. Before locating the cable, the model first performs background detection on the input drawing, generates a background mask for the area matching the background feature template, and masks the signal in the mask area during subsequent feature extraction. For cable crossing and overlapping areas, the model extracts image features and analyzes the connection relationship of the cable endpoints to construct the cable topology path. For crossing and overlapping cables, it traces the features of the non-overlapping areas in reverse according to the topology path, and assigns the pixels of the overlapping areas to the corresponding cables through feature matching, thereby achieving accurate separation of crossing cables.

[0025] Preferably, step 3.4 includes at least the following steps:

[0026] The cable positioning model constructed in step 3.2 is encapsulated into the cable positioning engine in step 3.3, and integrated into the system diagram recognition function module of the marine electrical design software through the API interface. During the drawing preprocessing stage, the software automatically calls the engine: input CAD drawing image, the cable positioning engine first generates a background mask to suppress interference, then extracts cable features through multi-scale convolution, and finally performs topological analysis and separation on the intersecting and overlapping areas, outputting information on all cables in each drawing; the cable positioning results are synchronized to the subsequent attribute extraction module, providing a location basis for accurately extracting the attributes of the equipment at both ends of the cable and establishing the relationship between the cable equipment.

[0027] Preferably, in step 3.5, the automatic error correction mechanism achieves real-time error correction of cable attribute data through a triple mechanism of rule verification, historical data comparison, and logical reasoning.

[0028] Preferably, in step 3.6, when cable attributes or equipment attributes are modified, a secondary error correction is triggered to re-verify whether the modified data meets the requirements of the rule base. If a new error is generated after the modification, an error correction prompt is immediately displayed to prevent the erroneous data from being saved; the error correction record is stored in the time series database.

[0029] In addition to providing a cable identification method based on Smart3D electrical integrated design, this invention further provides a system for implementing the above method, the system comprising:

[0030] The attribute mapping module extracts values ​​from attribute blocks of cables, equipment, and the vicinity of cables from electrical design software and databases, and constructs a three-layer mapping relationship based on the attribute mapping relationship defined by the user in the background.

[0031] The system diagram recognition module identifies the system diagram during the drawing preprocessing stage based on the three-layer mapping relationship.

[0032] The system diagram recognition module further includes:

[0033] The feature enhancement submodule constructs a cable recognition model based on the traditional image recognition model using feature enhancement methods.

[0034] The error correction submodule automatically detects three types of problems during the cable attribute extraction process: abnormal parameter values, logical relationship errors, and missing data, based on intelligent error correction algorithms.

[0035] The data storage submodule is used to store the constructed mapping relationships and system diagram recognition results.

[0036] The display module enables interaction with the outside world through the display screen. The display module is divided into left and right sections, with the left side being the drawing operation area and the right side being the attribute editing panel.

[0037] The attribute mapping module, system diagram recognition module, and display module interface with the Smart3D platform via API.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0039] This invention provides a cable identification method and system based on Smart3D electrical integrated design. It performs intelligent cable attribute identification on two-dimensional electrical design drawings and addresses the attribute identification and storage technology of cable blocks in marine electrical design. By establishing a standardized attribute identification system and intelligent data association mechanism, it achieves the uniformity, uniqueness, and intelligence of cable attribute management, providing basic data support for the digital transformation of marine electrical design from two-dimensional drawings to three-dimensional intelligent models.

[0040] This invention establishes an intelligent mapping mechanism between block attributes and background attributes, adopts a user-selected mode to be compatible with different annotation habits; it constructs a three-dimensional association model of cable-equipment-system to achieve parameter linkage updates; it develops a batch processing algorithm based on pattern recognition to quickly identify the attributes of cables and the equipment at both ends of the cables, reducing the identification time of a single cable to within 0.5 seconds; this invention realizes data integration for cable attribute identification, improves attribute extraction efficiency, and unifies the entry point for modifying cable attributes. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a cable identification method based on Smart3D electrical integrated design in this invention;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the attribute block and attribute mapping interface in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the system diagram recognition interface in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the technical solution of the present invention provides a cable identification method based on Smart3D electrical integrated design, including the following steps:

[0046] Step 1: Establish a mapping mechanism between cable standard attributes and block attributes;

[0047] Step 2: Construct a three-dimensional relationship between cables, equipment, and systems to achieve linked updates of cable standard attributes;

[0048] Step 3: Based on the mapping mechanism established in Step 1 and the three-dimensional association relationship established in Step 2, the system diagram is identified during the drawing preprocessing stage.

[0049] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step 1, an XML mapping template between cable standard attributes and block attributes is dynamically constructed in the web-based visual management interface, and a drag-and-drop association is set to build a mapping mechanism between cable standard attributes and block attributes.

[0050] In one embodiment of the present invention, step 2, constructing the three-dimensional relationship between the cable, equipment, and system, includes the following steps:

[0051] Step 2.1: Construct a three-layer mapping system, including a basic attribute layer, an extended attribute layer, and a custom attribute layer. The basic attribute layer corresponds to the mandatory attributes for cable design, the extended attribute layer corresponds to the cable function adaptation and engineering application parameters, and the extended attribute layer is set to meet the specific needs of a particular ship scenario.

[0052] The three-layer mapping system is based on the hierarchical requirements of cable attributes in ship electrical design, namely "core necessity, functional scalability, and scenario customization." It also refers to the classification requirements of cable parameters in the International Maritime Organization's ship electrical equipment standards and combines the data requirements of the entire process of ship electrical design from basic modeling to operation and maintenance traceability. Finally, a layered architecture of "basic attribute layer, extended attribute layer, and custom attribute layer" is formed to ensure that each attribute layer meets both standardized management and adapts to personalized design scenarios.

[0053] In this embodiment, the layers are designed as follows:

[0054] Basic Attribute Layer: Required attributes for all cable designs, adhering to the principles of uniqueness, universality, and incompleteness. These attributes are directly aligned with the default electrical equipment attribute library fields of the Smart3D platform, ensuring seamless data exchange.

[0055] Extended Attribute Layer: This layer consists of optional attributes for different electrical systems on a ship (such as power systems, control systems, and communication systems), based on cable function adaptation and engineering application parameters. Attribute settings should refer to the classification standards for ship electrical systems. Extended attributes within the same system should be kept consistent, while attributes for different systems can be selected and enabled as needed to avoid attribute redundancy.

[0056] Custom attribute layer: Customized for specific ship scenarios (such as engineering vessels and luxury cruise ships), following the rules of on-demand creation, flexible association, and no conflict. Custom attributes must pass the attribute validation of the backend management terminal to ensure that their field format is compatible with the overall data specifications of the system, and must not have the same name as basic attributes or extended attributes. At the same time, it supports association with attributes of specific devices.

[0057] Step 2.2: Generate a mapping template based on the three-layer mapping relationship. Associate the cable standard attributes with the mapping template through drag-and-drop, generating mapping relationship rules. Store these rules in the ship electrical design database and simultaneously update the attribute recognition engine of the Smart3D platform. During subsequent recognition, data will be automatically matched according to the layered mapping rules. Specifically:

[0058] By retrieving historical project data from ship electrical design (such as cable lists and equipment parameter tables) and combining it with relevant standards, an initial list of basic attributes (such as cable tag number, specifications, and type), extended attributes (such as shielding level, heat resistance temperature, and laying path), and custom attributes (such as special markings and maintenance cycles) is selected. Ship electrical engineers, Smart3D platform maintenance personnel, and data standardization experts are then organized to review the list, determining the specific fields, data types (such as enumerations, characters, and values), and required / optional statuses for each attribute layer, thus forming the "Cable Attribute Layered List."

[0059] A web-based visual management interface has been developed, providing a hierarchical attribute drag-and-drop area and an XML template generation area. Operators can select all fields in the basic attribute layer on the left side of the interface (system-mandated selection), select the fields corresponding to the electrical system of the current project in the extended attribute layer, and manually enter field names, select data types, and set associated equipment types in the custom attribute layer. Clicking the "Generate Template" button will automatically generate an XML template for the hierarchical attributes in the order of "basic attributes - extended attributes - custom attributes," with each attribute tag included in the template.

[0060] The generated XML template is imported into the attribute mapping module of the backend management system. The system automatically reads the hierarchical attribute information in the template. Operators select attributes from CAD blocks (such as "cable specifications" or "cable type label") in the interface and establish associations with the corresponding level of standard attributes through drag-and-drop operations. Clicking the "Activate Mapping" button stores the mapping relationship in the marine electrical design database and simultaneously updates the attribute recognition engine of the Smart3D platform. Subsequent recognition processes automatically match data according to the hierarchical mapping rules, such as... Figure 2 The image shown is a schematic diagram of the attribute block and attribute mapping interface constructed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] In one embodiment of the present invention, step 2 further includes the following step:

[0062] Step 2.3: Perform conflict detection on the mapping rules in Step 2.2, identify duplicate or contradictory mapping rules, and process them accordingly. Specifically:

[0063] By developing a conflict detection algorithm, duplicate / contradictory mapping rules can be automatically identified.

[0064] The system has a backend management interface. By opening the backend management interface, cable attributes can be mapped to drawing attribute block attributes, and then mapped to the block attribute name.

[0065] The system uses the "Attribute Management" maintenance function to define attribute names within CAD blocks. These attribute names can be viewed in the CAD block's attributes. For example, if a CAD block has multiple attributes such as tag number, device type, and device model, you can find the "device model" attribute in Attribute Management and enter it in the CAD block's attributes. Attributes can be added indefinitely and can be either frequently used or infrequently used. Different attributes can correspond to the same attribute name within the same CAD block.

[0066] Finally, during the process of recognizing drawing blocks, the system will read the attribute names inside the blocks. If it finds any that match the CAD block attribute names set in the attribute management, it will read and store them in the corresponding device or cable attributes.

[0067] The conflict detection algorithm is an intelligent verification algorithm used to automatically identify three types of problems in the cable attribute mapping process: duplicate mapping, rule contradictions, and data incompatibility. Its core objective is to ensure the uniqueness and consistency of cable attribute mapping relationships, avoiding data confusion or errors during subsequent attribute extraction and data association. The algorithm is based on rule base matching and real-time data verification, supporting pre-verification during the mapping rule configuration phase and real-time monitoring after the mapping takes effect.

[0068] Establish a unique mapping rule base for "attribute-block": stipulate that the same CAD block attribute can only be mapped to one standard attribute in one layer, and one-to-many or many-to-one mapping is not allowed;

[0069] Real-time verification mechanism: When an operator attempts to map a CAD block attribute to a standard attribute, the algorithm automatically queries the current mapping rule library. If the block attribute already has a mapping record, or the standard attribute is associated with other block attributes, a duplicate mapping warning is immediately triggered, and the existing mapping relationship is highlighted on the interface.

[0070] A conflict rule determination library is constructed, encompassing three conflict scenarios: data type conflicts, hierarchical conflicts, and system compatibility conflicts. The rule matching and verification algorithm matches the currently configured mapping relationship against the conflict rule determination library one by one. If a rule matches the characteristics of a certain conflict scenario, it is automatically marked as a "rule conflict," and an explanation of the conflict reason is displayed.

[0071] Real-time data sampling and verification: After the mapping rules are configured, the algorithm automatically samples 10 block attribute data from the CAD drawing and compares them with the compatibility rules of the standard attributes. If the proportion of incompatible data exceeds 5%, it is judged as "data incompatible" and prompts that the block attribute annotation format needs to be adjusted or the compatibility rules of the standard attributes need to be modified.

[0072] During the algorithm deployment phase, data specifications regarding cable attributes from marine electrical design standards and attribute field requirements from the Smart3D platform are imported to automatically generate three fundamental libraries: duplicate mapping rules, rule conflict judgment library, and data compatibility rules. The backend management interface provides a rule addition entry, allowing engineers to add new conflict rules and update the rule library according to specific project needs.

[0073] When operator C drags and drops tile attributes to associate them with standard attributes in the web visualization interface, the algorithm captures the operation data in real time. Each time a drag is completed, a pre-verification is immediately triggered. First, the mapping rule base is queried to determine if there are duplicates; then, the conflict rule judgment base is matched to determine if there are conflicts; finally, the tile data is sampled to determine compatibility. If a conflict is detected, a red warning box pops up on the interface, displaying the conflict type, cause, and suggested solutions, and the current mapping configuration is not allowed to be saved. After the engineer handles the conflict, the algorithm automatically re-verifies. If the verification passes, the alarm record is cleared, ensuring the mapping relationship remains compliant.

[0074] In one embodiment of the present invention, step 3, the system diagram identification step, is as follows:

[0075] Step 3.1: Automatically identify professional layers such as cables, equipment blocks, and annotations during the drawing preprocessing stage;

[0076] Step 3.2: Use the cable positioning model to accurately locate the cable. The cable positioning model is a special cable positioning model formed by feature enhancement and optimization based on the traditional image recognition model to address the problems of thin cable lines, complicated background elements, and many intersections and overlaps in marine electrical CAD drawings. The core improvement directions include: enhancing the feature extraction capability of cable lines, reducing the interference of background elements, and improving the cable differentiation accuracy in intersection and overlap areas.

[0077] Step 3.3: Use a cable identification engine to identify cable attributes;

[0078] Step 3.4: Identify connectivity relationships based on topology analysis;

[0079] Step 3.5: Build an automatic error correction mechanism to detect abnormal parameter values, indicate the cause of the error, and correct the error;

[0080] Step 3.6: Use a time-series database to store design change records. For example... Figure 3 The image shown is a schematic diagram of the display interface for system diagram recognition in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0081] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step 3.3, the cable recognition engine extracts cable line features in different directions (horizontal, vertical, and inclined) based on the thinness of the cable lines, automatically strengthening the weight of the cable line feature channels and weakening the weight of background elements, so that the model can focus more on the cable area; collect ship electrical system diagrams, extract typical features of equipment blocks and annotation text, and establish background feature templates. Before locating the cable, the model first performs background detection on the input drawing, generates a background mask for the area matching the background feature template, and shields the signal of the mask area during subsequent feature extraction to reduce background interference; for cable crossing and overlapping areas, the model not only extracts image features, but also constructs the cable topology path by analyzing the connection relationship of the cable endpoints; for crossing and overlapping cables, it traces the features of its non-overlapping areas in reverse according to the topology path, and assigns the pixels of the overlapping areas to the corresponding cables through feature matching, so as to achieve accurate separation of crossing cables.

[0082] In one embodiment of the present invention, step 3.4, which improves the accuracy of connection relationship identification based on topology analysis, includes at least the following steps:

[0083] The cable positioning model constructed in step 3.2 is encapsulated into the cable positioning engine in step 3.3, and integrated into the system diagram recognition function module of the marine electrical design software via an API interface. During the drawing preprocessing stage, the software automatically invokes this engine: Upon inputting the CAD drawing image, the engine first generates a background mask to suppress interference, then extracts cable features through multi-scale convolution, and finally performs topological analysis and separation on overlapping areas, outputting information for all cables in each drawing. The cable positioning results are synchronized to the subsequent attribute extraction module, providing a locational basis for accurately extracting the attributes of equipment at both ends of the cable and establishing the relationships between cable equipment.

[0084] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step 3.5, the automatic error correction mechanism is based on an automatic error correction algorithm. This algorithm automatically detects three types of problems during cable attribute extraction: abnormal parameter values, logical relationship errors, and missing data. Through a triple mechanism of rule verification, historical data comparison, and logical reasoning, it achieves real-time error correction of cable attribute data, ensuring that the cable attributes stored in the database are true, accurate, and complete. This algorithm is mainly applied to the attribute extraction stage of system diagram recognition and the parameter update stage after design changes.

[0085] Based on ship electrical design standards and historical project data, a standard value range is set for each cable attribute. The algorithm compares the extracted cable attribute values ​​with the standard range library. If the value is outside the range or the format is incorrect, it is determined to be an abnormal parameter value, and a standard value is automatically recommended.

[0086] Construct a logical relationship library for cable equipment: including matching relationships between cable type and equipment type, and matching relationships between cable specifications and equipment power, etc.; the algorithm queries the logical relationship library to perform inference based on the extracted cable attributes and the attributes of the equipment at both ends. If there is a mismatch, it is determined that the logical relationship is incorrect and the reason for the error is indicated.

[0087] Based on a three-layer mapping system, all fields in the basic attribute layer are explicitly defined as mandatory, the extended attribute layer determines mandatory fields according to system type, and the custom attribute layer determines mandatory fields according to project requirements. The algorithm performs field integrity checks on the extracted cable attributes. If any mandatory field is found to be missing, it is determined as missing data, and the missing field is highlighted in the interface. At the same time, the algorithm automatically queries the corresponding block attribute of the cable in the CAD drawing and attempts to re-extract it. If the re-extraction fails, the operator is prompted to manually supplement the data.

[0088] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step 3.6, when cable attributes or equipment attributes are modified, a) a time-series database is used for storage.

[0089] When designers modify cable or equipment properties, a secondary error correction is automatically triggered to re-verify whether the modified data meets the requirements of the rule base. If a new error is generated after the modification, an error correction prompt will immediately pop up to prevent the erroneous data from being saved.

[0090] Error correction records are stored in a time-series database to provide a basis for subsequent design audits and data traceability.

[0091] In addition to providing a cable identification method based on Smart3D electrical integrated design, the present invention further provides a system for implementing the above method, the system comprising:

[0092] The attribute mapping module extracts values ​​from attribute blocks of cables, equipment, and the vicinity of cables from electrical design software and databases, and constructs a three-layer mapping relationship based on the attribute mapping relationship defined by the user in the background.

[0093] The system diagram recognition module identifies the system diagram during the drawing preprocessing stage based on the three-layer mapping relationship.

[0094] The system diagram recognition module further includes:

[0095] The feature enhancement submodule constructs a cable recognition model based on the traditional image recognition model using feature enhancement methods.

[0096] The error correction submodule automatically detects three types of problems during the cable attribute extraction process: abnormal parameter values, logical relationship errors, and missing data, based on intelligent error correction algorithms.

[0097] The data storage submodule is used to store the constructed mapping relationships and system diagram recognition results.

[0098] The display module enables interaction with the outside world through the display screen. The display module is divided into left and right sections, with the left side being the drawing operation area and the right side being the attribute editing panel.

[0099] The attribute mapping module, system diagram recognition module, and display module interface with the Smart3D platform via API.

[0100] In one embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes the following:

[0101] Dual-screen display workbench: drawing operation area on the left, attribute editing panel on the right;

[0102] The "one-click parameterization" function allows for batch processing triggered by a shortcut key.

[0103] Error location function; abnormal attributes are automatically highlighted.

[0104] In this embodiment, the system diagram recognition function of the electrical system is used to automatically identify and parameterize the cable and the equipment at both ends. During operation, first select the cable attribute block to be identified in the drawing (or simultaneously select the cable, the cable attribute block, and the equipment attribute blocks at both ends). Based on the characteristics of electrical engineering, the system requires that the combination rule of "one cable + two devices" must be met for identification to be successful—that is, the cable is a multi-terminal line, and the two equipment blocks are located at opposite ends of the cable.

[0105] If a cross-system cable is encountered (the device at the other end is not shown in the current drawing), the system will automatically draw a small dot at the other end of the cable to indicate that the device belongs to another system. The system uses a preset range offset to ensure that the identified attribute block corresponds one-to-one with the nearby cable or device.

[0106] During the identification process, the system will pop up an identification interface, displaying the extracted cable and equipment attributes. Commonly used attributes will be automatically retrieved from the attribute blocks, and users can add or adjust the required information in the interface. After confirming that everything is correct, click "Confirm," and the cables and equipment in the drawing will be parameterized, and the attribute values ​​will be stored in the database.

[0107] After parameterization is complete, clicking on a cable or device in the drawing will display its corresponding attributes in real time in the right-hand attribute panel. If any attribute is abnormal, the system will automatically highlight the drawing block and its attribute that caused the error, and indicate the reason for the error in the attribute panel.

[0108] Because a correspondence is established between the attributes and the attributes of the drawing blocks, when the attribute value is modified in the attribute panel on the right, the system will automatically update the corresponding attributes in the drawing blocks, realizing two-way data synchronization and ensuring that the drawing and database information are consistent.

[0109] Compared with existing technologies, the cable identification method and system based on Smart 3D electrical integrated design provided in this invention have the following advantages:

[0110] 1. By using a deep learning-based image recognition algorithm, cable attributes can be extracted quickly, significantly improving efficiency compared to traditional manual identification.

[0111] Deep learning-based image recognition algorithms have revolutionized traditional manual identification processes. By automatically identifying and extracting cable, equipment block, and attribute annotations, they significantly reduce the repetitive labor of designers searching through drawings and manually entering data. During the identification process, the algorithm can simultaneously perform preliminary verification using preset rules, effectively avoiding attribute omissions or errors caused by visual fatigue or misunderstandings during manual operations. It also supports batch processing of multiple drawings, significantly accelerating the conversion from drawings to data, allowing designers to focus more on core tasks such as scheme optimization.

[0112] 2. Establish a database of ship cable attributes to achieve standardized management of core parameters and improve the reuse rate of design data;

[0113] The establishment of the marine cable attribute database provides a unified management platform for design data. By clarifying hierarchical classification standards such as basic attributes and extended attributes, it standardizes attribute naming rules, data types, and relational logic, fundamentally solving the problem of inconsistent names for the same item and attribute confusion between different projects and different designers. Cable attributes defined in historical projects can be directly reused in new projects without re-creation. Simultaneously, the database supports automatic attribute validation according to rules, ensuring that entered data conforms to industry standards and design requirements, laying a high-quality foundation for subsequent data applications.

[0114] 3. Adopting a modular architecture design, it seamlessly connects with the Smart3D platform through API interfaces, reducing secondary development costs and shortening system maintenance response time;

[0115] The modular architecture design breaks down system functions into independent core modules, which communicate with each other through standard API interfaces. This not only reduces the overall coupling of the system and facilitates individual module upgrades, maintenance, and troubleshooting, but also provides flexible space for functional expansion. Seamless integration with the Smart3D platform via API interfaces enables bidirectional flow of cable design data between different systems, avoiding the formation of information silos, reducing the manual intervention costs of cross-platform data transfer, and significantly reducing the complexity of secondary development through standardized interfaces, thus shortening the system's response time to business needs.

[0116] 4. Construct a digital model of cable parameters to support data traceability from design, construction to operation and maintenance, thereby improving the efficiency of cable fault location.

[0117] The cable digital model fully integrates parameter definitions from the design phase, construction records from the building phase, and maintenance information from the operation and maintenance phase, constructing a data chain that spans the entire lifecycle. During the design phase, the creation and modification process of attributes can be clearly traced; during the operation and maintenance phase, the digital model can quickly locate the cable's installation location, specifications, and historical maintenance records, providing accurate data support for troubleshooting; simultaneously, the complete data trajectory meets the requirements of industry audits and compliance checks, ensuring that decisions at every stage are based on evidence.

[0118] 5. Based on the accumulated design database, a cable selection recommendation algorithm can be developed in the future, which can automatically generate optimization solutions.

[0119] Leveraging its accumulated design database, the cable selection recommendation algorithm can deeply explore the inherent correlation between cable parameters and equipment requirements and operating conditions, transforming the selection experience of senior engineers into reusable algorithmic logic. In new project design, the algorithm can automatically match suitable cable models and specifications based on factors such as equipment type, power requirements, and laying environment, providing designers with professional references. This not only reduces reliance on personal experience but also generates selection solutions that better meet actual needs through multi-dimensional analysis, improving the rationality and consistency of the design.

[0120] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cable identification method based on Smart3D electrical integrated design, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1, establish a mapping mechanism between cable standard attributes and block attributes; Step 2, build a three-dimensional association relationship of cable-equipment-system, realize the linkage update of cable standard attributes; Step 3, based on the mapping mechanism built in step 1 and the three-dimensional association relationship built in step 2, identify the system diagram in the drawing preprocessing stage.

2. The cable identification method based on Smart 3D electrical integrated design of claim 1, wherein: In step 1, a visual management interface is constructed, a mapping template between cable standard attributes and block attributes is constructed in the visual management interface, and a drag-and-drop association relationship is set to construct a mapping mechanism between cable standard attributes and block attributes.

3. The cable identification method based on Smart 3D electrical integrated design of claim 2, wherein: In step 2, the construction of the three-dimensional association relationship of cable-equipment-system comprises the following steps: Step 2.1, construct a three-layer mapping system, including a basic attribute layer, an extended attribute layer and a custom attribute layer, wherein the basic attribute layer corresponds to the optional attributes of cable design, the extended attribute layer corresponds to the cable function adaptation and engineering application parameters, and the extended attribute layer is set for the scene customization demand of a specific ship; Step 2.2, generate a mapping template according to the three-layer mapping relationship, associate the cable standard attributes with the mapping template through drag-and-drop association, generate a mapping relationship rule, store the mapping relationship rule to the ship electrical design database, and synchronize to the attribute recognition engine of the Smart3D platform, and automatically match the data according to the layered mapping rule in the subsequent recognition process.

4. The cable identification method based on Smart3D electrical integrated design of claim 3, characterized in that: In step 2, the following steps are further included: Step 2.3, conflict detection is performed on the mapping rule in step 2.2 to identify repeated or contradictory mapping rules and handle them.

5. The cable identification method based on Smart3D electrical integrated design of claim 4, wherein: In step 3, the steps of system diagram identification are as follows: Step 3.1, identify the cable, equipment block and label in the drawing preprocessing stage; Step 3.2, use the cable positioning model to accurately position the cable; Step 3.3, use the cable recognition engine to identify the cable attributes; Step 3.4, identify the connection relationship based on topology analysis; Step 3.5, construct an automatic error correction mechanism to detect abnormal parameter values, prompt the error reason, and correct the error; Step 3.6, use a time series database to store design change records.

6. The cable identification method based on Smart 3D electrical integrated design of claim 5, characterized in that: In step 3.3, the cable recognition engine extracts cable line features in different directions respectively, automatically strengthens the weight of the cable line feature channel, and weakens the weight of the background element, so that the model focuses on the cable area; By collecting ship electrical system diagrams, extracting typical features of equipment blocks and labels, establishing background feature templates, and performing background detection on the input drawings before positioning the cable, the model generates a background mask for the area matching the background feature template, and shields the signal in the mask area in the subsequent feature extraction process; for the overlapping area of the cable, the model extracts image features and analyzes the endpoint connection relationship of the cable to construct the topology path of the cable; for the overlapping cable, the features of the non-overlapping area are traced back according to the topology path, and the pixels in the overlapping area are allocated to the corresponding cable through feature matching to realize accurate separation of the overlapping cable.

7. The cable identification method based on Smart 3D electrical integrated design of claim 6, characterized in that: The step 3.4 at least comprises the following steps: The cable positioning model constructed in step 3.2 is encapsulated as a cable positioning engine in step 3.3, and is integrated into a system diagram identification function module of a ship electrical design software through an API interface; in a drawing preprocessing stage, the engine is automatically called by the software: inputting a CAD drawing image, the cable positioning engine first generates a background mask to suppress interference, then extracts cable features through multi-scale convolution, and finally performs topological analysis and separation on the overlapping regions, and outputs information of all cables in each drawing; the cable positioning result is synchronized to a subsequent attribute extraction module, thereby providing a position basis for accurately extracting device attributes at both ends of the cable and establishing a cable device association relationship.

8. The cable identification method based on Smart 3D electrical integrated design of claim 7, wherein: In step 3.5, an automatic error correction mechanism realizes real-time correction of cable attribute data through three mechanisms of rule verification, historical data comparison and logical reasoning.

9. The cable identification method based on Smart 3D electrical integrated design of claim 8, characterized in that: In step 3.6, when the cable attribute or device attribute is modified, secondary error correction is triggered, the modified data is re-verified to see whether it meets the requirements of the rule library, and if new errors are generated after modification, an error correction prompt is immediately popped up to prevent the saving of error data; The error correction record is stored in a time series database.

10. A cable identification system based on Smart3D electrical integrated design, characterized by: The system is used to implement the cable identification method of any one of claims 1-9, and the system comprises: An attribute mapping module extracts values in attribute blocks of cables, devices and cables in the vicinity of the cables in an electrical design software and a database, and performs three-layer mapping relationship construction according to attribute mapping relationships defined by a background user; A system diagram identification module identifies a system diagram in a drawing preprocessing stage according to the three-layer mapping relationship. The system diagram identification module further comprises: A feature enhancement submodule adopts a feature enhancement method to construct a cable identification model on the basis of a traditional image recognition model. An error correction submodule automatically detects three types of problems, i.e., parameter value abnormalities, logical relationship errors and data missing, in a cable attribute extraction process based on an intelligent error correction algorithm. A data storage submodule is used to store the constructed mapping relationship and system diagram identification result. A display module realizes interaction with the outside world through a display screen, and the display module is divided into left and right partitions, with a drawing operation area on the left side and an attribute editing panel on the right side. The attribute mapping module, the system diagram identification module and the display module are connected to a Smart3D platform through an API interface.

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