A test method for photovoltaic modules
By using heating elements and an electromagnetic induction generator to simulate the heating of solar cells, the problem of solar cell waste in photovoltaic module hot spot testing was solved, enabling non-destructive testing and film failure assessment under multiple conditions.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZHEJIANG JINKO SOLAR CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-26
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies for testing hot spots in photovoltaic modules result in the waste of solar cells.
A heating element and an electromagnetic induction generator are used to simulate the heating of a solar cell. Temperature sensors are used to monitor the failure of the adhesive film. The heating element and electromagnetic induction generator made of ferromagnetic material are used to simulate the heating of a solar cell. Combined with temperature sensors to monitor the failure of the adhesive film, this method avoids the problems associated with the actual use of solar cells.
This technology enables the testing of encapsulant film failure in photovoltaic modules without the need for solar cells, saving resources and allowing for testing of encapsulant film effectiveness under different temperature conditions.
Smart Images
Figure CN121643635B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of solar cell manufacturing technology, and in particular to a testing method for photovoltaic modules. Background Technology
[0002] A photovoltaic module is composed of several solar cells. When some solar cells develop hot spots, it may cause problems such as localized burnout, melting of solder joints, damage to grid lines, and aging of encapsulation materials, and may even lead to the scrapping of the entire photovoltaic module.
[0003] However, hot spot testing in related technologies suffers from the problem of wasting solar cells. Summary of the Invention
[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a testing method for photovoltaic modules to address the problem of wasted solar cells in hot spot testing in related technologies.
[0005] Firstly, this application provides a testing method for photovoltaic modules, including:
[0006] A first cover plate and a second cover plate, as well as a first adhesive film and a second adhesive film are provided;
[0007] At least one heating element is provided, the heating element comprising a ferromagnetic material;
[0008] The first cover plate, the first adhesive film, the heating element, the second adhesive film, and the second cover plate are stacked in a first direction, which is parallel to the thickness direction of the first cover plate.
[0009] The first adhesive film and the second adhesive film are subjected to thermosetting treatment so that the first adhesive film and the second adhesive film bond to the heating element;
[0010] At least one electromagnetic induction generator is provided, and the electromagnetic induction generator is placed on the side of the first cover plate away from the second cover plate; in the first direction, the heating element and the corresponding electromagnetic induction generator are overlapped.
[0011] Provide at least one temperature sensor, and place the temperature sensor on the side of the second cover plate away from the first cover plate;
[0012] The electromagnetic induction generator is activated to cause the corresponding heating element to heat up, and the temperature of the surface of the second cover plate away from the first cover plate is monitored by the temperature sensor.
[0013] Determine whether the first adhesive film and the second adhesive film have failed.
[0014] In some implementations, it also includes:
[0015] Prior to the step of activating the electromagnetic induction generator to cause the corresponding heating element to heat up, the testing method for the photovoltaic module further includes: providing a controller; the controller is configured to adjust the electromagnetic intensity of the corresponding electromagnetic induction generator in response to the temperature monitored by the temperature sensor;
[0016] After the step of activating the electromagnetic induction generator to cause the corresponding heating element to heat up, the testing method for the photovoltaic module further includes: activating the controller, and adjusting the electromagnetic intensity of the electromagnetic induction generator according to the temperature monitored by the temperature sensor and the target temperature.
[0017] In some embodiments, after the step of thermosetting the first adhesive film and the second adhesive film, the portions of the first adhesive film and the second adhesive film located on one side of the side end face of the heating element in a second direction are bonded together as an integral structure, wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the first cover plate.
[0018] After the step of performing thermosetting treatment on the first adhesive film and the second adhesive film, the first adhesive film includes a first portion located on one side of the heating sheet in the first direction, and the second adhesive film includes a second portion located on one side of the heating sheet in the first direction, and both the first portion and the second portion are bonded to the heating sheet.
[0019] In some embodiments, the material of the first part and the material of the second part are the same, and the thickness of the first part and the thickness of the second part are the same.
[0020] In some embodiments, the material of the first part and the material of the second part are the same, but the thickness of the first part and the thickness of the second part are different.
[0021] In some embodiments, the materials of the first part and the second part are different, and the thickness of the first part and the thickness of the second part are the same.
[0022] In some embodiments, in the step of providing at least one heating element, a plurality of heating elements are provided spaced apart; in the step of providing at least one electromagnetic induction generator, a plurality of electromagnetic induction generators are provided spaced apart, and the heating elements are correspondingly arranged with the electromagnetic induction generators.
[0023] The plurality of heating elements includes a first heating element and a second heating element, wherein in the first direction, the thickness of the first heating element is greater than the thickness of the second heating element.
[0024] In some embodiments, in the step of providing at least one heating element, a plurality of heating elements are provided spaced apart; in the step of providing at least one electromagnetic induction generator, a plurality of electromagnetic induction generators are provided spaced apart, and the heating elements are correspondingly arranged with the electromagnetic induction generators.
[0025] The plurality of heating elements includes a third heating element and a fourth heating element, wherein, in the first direction, the thickness of the third heating element is equal to the thickness of the fourth heating element;
[0026] The temperature sensors are multiple, including a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor. The first temperature sensor overlaps with the third heating element in the first direction, and the second temperature sensor overlaps with the fourth heating element in the first direction.
[0027] In the step of activating the electromagnetic induction generator to cause the corresponding heating element to heat up, the temperature of the third heating element is different from the temperature of the fourth heating element.
[0028] In some embodiments, during the step of activating the electromagnetic induction generator to cause the corresponding heating element to heat up, the target temperature monitored by the temperature sensor is 150°C. o C-200 o C, the target temperature holding time is 30min-60min; and / or, the thickness of the first part and the thickness of the second part are both 0.5mm-1mm; and / or, the thickness of the first cover plate and the thickness of the second cover plate are both 1mm-2mm.
[0029] In some implementations, it also includes:
[0030] After the temperature sensor detects the target temperature, the temperature sensor is removed, and at least the second cover plate and the second adhesive film are exposed to a preset light source.
[0031] In this embodiment of the application, in the photovoltaic module testing method, the heating element's heating is equivalent to the solar cell's heating. A first cover plate, a first encapsulating film, a second encapsulating film, and a second cover plate encapsulate the heating element, simulating the encapsulation of a solar cell by these components. The heating element's heating in subsequent steps is equivalent to the solar cell's heating, thus simulating solar cell heating. Firstly, this method eliminates the need for using solar cells for testing, avoiding waste and solving the problem of wasted solar cells in hot spot testing in related technologies. Secondly, by adjusting the operating intensity of the electromagnetic induction generator and combining it with temperature sensor monitoring, the temperature of the heating element can be adjusted and controlled, allowing testing of the first and second encapsulating films for failure under desired or different temperature conditions. Attached Figure Description
[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or exemplary embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or exemplary embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the process steps of a photovoltaic module testing method provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first intermediate process of a photovoltaic module testing method provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second intermediate process of a photovoltaic module testing method provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first test process of a photovoltaic module testing method provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a second test process for a photovoltaic module testing method provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the third test process of a photovoltaic module testing method provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth test process of a photovoltaic module testing method provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0040] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the fifth test process of a photovoltaic module testing method provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0041] Reference numerals: First cover plate 11; Second cover plate 21; First adhesive film 12; Second adhesive film 22; Heating element 31; Electromagnetic induction generator 41; Temperature sensor 51; Controller 61; First part 121; Second part 221; First direction Y; Second direction X; First thickness d1; Second thickness d2; First heating element 311; Second heating element 312; Third heating element 313; Fourth heating element 314; First electromagnetic induction generator 411; Second electromagnetic induction generator 412; First temperature sensor 511; Second temperature sensor 512. Detailed Implementation
[0042] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
[0043] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.
[0044] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0045] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.
[0046] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0047] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.
[0048] Various modifications and variations can be made to this application without departing from its spirit or scope, which will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, this application is intended to cover modifications and variations falling within the scope of the corresponding claims (the claimed technical solutions) and their equivalents. It should be noted that the implementation methods provided in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other without contradiction.
[0049] See Figures 1 to 8 . Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the process steps of a photovoltaic module testing method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first intermediate process of a photovoltaic module testing method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second intermediate process of a photovoltaic module testing method provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0050] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first test process of a photovoltaic module testing method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a second test process for a photovoltaic module testing method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the third test process of a photovoltaic module testing method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth test process of a photovoltaic module testing method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the fifth test process of a photovoltaic module testing method provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0051] This application provides a testing method for photovoltaic modules, which includes steps S100, S200, S300, S400, S500, S600, S700, and S800.
[0052] Step S100: Provide a first cover plate and a second cover plate, as well as a first adhesive film and a second adhesive film.
[0053] For example, combined Figure 2 As shown, a first cover plate 11 and a second cover plate 21, as well as a first adhesive film 12 and a second adhesive film 22 are provided.
[0054] For example, the first cover plate 11 can be made of glass, and the second cover plate 21 can be made of glass, but is not limited to this.
[0055] For example, the material of the first film 12 can be an organic encapsulation film such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) film, polyethylene octene coelastomer (POE) film, or polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film; the material of the second film 22 can be an organic encapsulation film such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) film, polyethylene octene coelastomer (POE) film, or polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film, but is not limited thereto.
[0056] Step S200: Provide at least one heating element, the heating element comprising a ferromagnetic material.
[0057] For example, combined Figure 2 As shown, at least one heating element 31 is provided, and the heating element 31 includes a ferromagnetic material.
[0058] For example, ferromagnetic materials may include at least one of neodymium iron boron, samarium cobalt, alnico, barium / strontium ferrite, and manganese zinc ferrite, but are not limited thereto.
[0059] Step S300: The first cover plate, the first adhesive film, the heating element, the second adhesive film, and the second cover plate are stacked in a first direction, which is parallel to the thickness direction of the first cover plate.
[0060] For example, combined Figure 2 As shown, the first cover plate 11, the first adhesive film 12, the heating element 31, the second adhesive film 22, and the second cover plate 21 are stacked in the first direction Y, which is parallel to the thickness direction of the first cover plate 11.
[0061] For example, the first direction Y is parallel to the thickness direction of the first cover plate 11, and the first direction Y is perpendicular to the plane in which the first cover plate 11 is located.
[0062] For example, the first adhesive film 12 can be placed on the first cover plate 11, the heating element 31 can be placed on the first adhesive film 12, the second adhesive film 22 can be placed on the heating element 31, and the second cover plate 21 can be placed on the second adhesive film 22, so that the first cover plate 11, the first adhesive film 12, the heating element 31, the second adhesive film 22 and the second cover plate 21 are stacked in the first direction Y.
[0063] Step S400: Perform a thermosetting treatment on the first adhesive film and the second adhesive film to bond the heating element to the first adhesive film and the second adhesive film.
[0064] For example, combined Figure 3 As shown, the first adhesive film 12 and the second adhesive film 22 are subjected to thermosetting treatment so that the first adhesive film 12 and the second adhesive film 22 are bonded to the heating sheet 31.
[0065] For example, the first adhesive film 12 and the second adhesive film 22 are subjected to thermosetting treatment. At this time, the first adhesive film 12 and the second adhesive film 22 are bonded to the heating sheet 31. On the outer side of the side end face of the heating sheet 31, the first adhesive film 12 and the second adhesive film 22 can also be bonded to each other, or the first adhesive film 12 and the second adhesive film 22 can be formed into an integral structure, but not limited to this.
[0066] Step S500: Provide at least one electromagnetic induction generator and place the electromagnetic induction generator on the side of the first cover plate away from the second cover plate; in the first direction, the heating element and the corresponding electromagnetic induction generator are overlapped.
[0067] For example, combined Figure 4 As shown, at least one electromagnetic induction generator 41 is provided, and the electromagnetic induction generator 41 is placed on the side of the first cover plate 11 away from the second cover plate 21; in the first direction Y, the heating element 31 is overlapped with the corresponding electromagnetic induction generator 41.
[0068] For example, combined Figure 4As shown, when the electromagnetic induction generator 41 is working, it emits electromagnetic waves. The heating element 31 includes a ferromagnetic material and can generate heat, causing the temperature of the first film 12 and the second film 22 to rise.
[0069] For example, the heating element 31 is located on the propagation path of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the electromagnetic induction generator 41.
[0070] Step S600: Provide at least one temperature sensor and place the temperature sensor on the side of the second cover plate away from the first cover plate.
[0071] For example, such as Figure 4 As shown, at least one temperature sensor 51 is provided, and the temperature sensor 51 is placed on the side of the second cover plate 21 away from the first cover plate 11.
[0072] For example, temperature sensor 51 can be a thermocouple, but is not limited to this.
[0073] Step S700: Activate the electromagnetic induction generator to heat up the corresponding heating element, and monitor the temperature of the surface of the second cover plate away from the first cover plate using the temperature sensor.
[0074] For example, such as Figure 4 As shown, the electromagnetic induction generator 41 is activated to cause the corresponding heating element 31 to heat up, and the temperature of the surface of the second cover plate 21 away from the first cover plate 11 is monitored by the temperature sensor 51.
[0075] Step S800: Determine whether the first adhesive film and the second adhesive film have failed.
[0076] For example, determine whether the first adhesive film 12 and the second adhesive film 22 have failed.
[0077] For example, the manufacturing method of a photovoltaic module is simulated through steps S100, S200, S300, and S400. The heating element 31 heating up is equivalent to the solar cell heating up. The first cover plate 11, the first encapsulant film 12, the second encapsulant film 22, and the second cover plate 21 encapsulate the heating element 31, simulating the encapsulation of the solar cell by the first cover plate 11, the first encapsulant film 12, the second encapsulant film 22, and the second cover plate 21. The heating element 31 heating up in subsequent steps is equivalent to the solar cell heating up, thus simulating the solar cell heating up through the heating element 31 heating up. Firstly, it eliminates the need to use solar cells for testing, avoiding waste of solar cells and solving the problem of wasted solar cells in hot spot testing in related technologies. Secondly, by adjusting the working intensity of the electromagnetic induction generator 41 and combining it with the monitoring of the temperature sensor 51, the temperature of the heating element 31 can be adjusted and controlled, thereby allowing the testing of whether the first encapsulant film 12 and the second encapsulant film 22 have failed under the required temperature conditions or different temperature conditions.
[0078] For example, the electromagnetic induction generator 41 induces eddy currents inside the heating element 31 through a high-frequency alternating magnetic field, and converts electrical energy into heat energy by utilizing the resistance of the heating element 31 itself, thereby achieving rapid, non-contact heating, but is not limited to this.
[0079] For example, the failure modes of the first encapsulant film 12 and the second encapsulant film 22 include at least one of the following: color change, such as yellowing of the first encapsulant film 12 and / or the second encapsulant film 22; delamination, such as delamination between the first encapsulant film 12 and the second encapsulant film 22, such as delamination between the first encapsulant film 12 and the first cover plate 11, such as delamination between the second encapsulant film 22 and the second cover plate 21; and bubble formation, such as the appearance of bubbles between the first encapsulant film 12 and the second encapsulant film 22, such as the appearance of bubbles between the first encapsulant film 12 and the first cover plate 11, such as the appearance of bubbles between the second encapsulant film 22 and the second cover plate 21. However, the failure modes of the first encapsulant film 12 and the second encapsulant film 22 are not limited to these; any phenomenon / problem that fails to meet the quality requirements of photovoltaic modules can be considered a failure mode of the first encapsulant film 12 and the second encapsulant film 22.
[0080] In this embodiment, the heating element 31 generates heat equivalent to the solar cell. The first cover plate 11, the first adhesive film 12, the second adhesive film 22, and the second cover plate 21 encapsulate the heating element 31, simulating the encapsulation of a solar cell by the first cover plate 11, the first adhesive film 12, the second adhesive film 22, and the second cover plate 21. The heating element 31 generates heat in subsequent steps, equivalent to the solar cell generating heat, thus simulating the solar cell generating heat. Firstly, this eliminates the need to use a solar cell for testing, avoiding waste and solving the problem of wasted solar cells in hot spot testing in related technologies. Secondly, by adjusting the operating intensity of the electromagnetic induction generator 41 and combining it with the monitoring of the temperature sensor 51, the temperature of the heating element 31 can be adjusted and controlled, allowing for testing of the first adhesive film 12 and the second adhesive film 22 under desired or different temperature conditions.
[0081] In some implementations, combined Figure 4 As shown, the photovoltaic module testing method further includes: step S900, before the step of starting the electromagnetic induction generator 41 to cause the corresponding heating element 31 to heat up (step 700), the photovoltaic module testing method further includes: providing a controller 61; the controller 61 is configured to adjust the electromagnetic intensity of the corresponding electromagnetic induction generator 41 in response to the temperature monitored by the temperature sensor 51; step S1000, after the step of starting the electromagnetic induction generator 41 to cause the corresponding heating element 31 to heat up (step 700), the photovoltaic module testing method further includes: starting the controller 61, and adjusting the electromagnetic intensity of the electromagnetic induction generator 41 according to the temperature monitored by the temperature sensor 51 and the target temperature.
[0082] For example, controller 61 may be a microcontroller unit (MCU), but is not limited to this.
[0083] For example, the controller 61 can acquire the temperature monitored by the temperature sensor 51. The controller 61 can determine whether it is necessary to adjust the electromagnetic intensity of the electromagnetic induction generator 41 based on the temperature monitored by the temperature sensor 51 and the target temperature, so that the temperature sensor 51 can monitor the target temperature, or so that the first film 12 and the second film 22 can reach the target temperature.
[0084] For example, the target temperature can be the temperature at which the first encapsulant film 12 and the second encapsulant film 22 are located when the actual photovoltaic module is in operation, such as 150 degrees Celsius to 200 degrees Celsius.
[0085] In some implementations, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, after the step of thermosetting the first adhesive film 12 and the second adhesive film 22 (step S400), the portions of the first adhesive film 12 and the second adhesive film 22 located on one side of the side end face of the heating element 31 in the second direction X are bonded together as an integral structure, and the second direction X is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the first cover plate 11; after the step of thermosetting the first adhesive film 12 and the second adhesive film 22 (step S400), the first adhesive film 12 includes a first portion 121 located on one side of the heating element 31 in the first direction Y, and the second adhesive film 22 includes a second portion 221 located on one side of the heating element 31 in the first direction Y, and both the first portion 121 and the second portion 221 are bonded to the heating element 31.
[0086] For example, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, after the step of thermosetting the first adhesive film 12 and the second adhesive film 22 (step S400), the first adhesive film 12 and the second adhesive film 22 are bonded together as an integral structure at the part located on one side of the side end face of the heating element 31 in the second direction X. The first part 121 and the second part 221 are both bonded to the heating element 31 to ensure that the structure tested is the same as or similar to the actual product structure of the photovoltaic module, so as to improve the accuracy of the test.
[0087] For example, the second direction X is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the first cover plate 11, and the second direction X is parallel to the plane in which the first cover plate 11 is located.
[0088] In some implementations, such as Figure 4 As shown, the material of the first part 121 is the same as that of the second part 221, and the thickness of the first part 121 is the same as that of the second part 221.
[0089] For example, such as Figure 4 As shown, the material of the first part 121 is the same as that of the second part 221, and the thickness of the first part 121 and the thickness of the second part 221 are the same in the first direction Y (the thickness of the first part 121 is the first thickness d1, the thickness of the second part 221 is the second thickness d2, and the first thickness d1 is equal to the second thickness d2). This allows for the simulation and testing of photovoltaic modules with the same encapsulant material and the same thickness.
[0090] In some implementations, such as Figure 5 As shown, the material of the first part 121 is the same as that of the second part 221, but the thickness of the first part 121 is different from that of the second part 221.
[0091] For example, such as Figure 5As shown, the material of the first part 121 is the same as that of the second part 221, and the thickness of the first part 121 and the thickness of the second part 221 are different in the first direction Y (the first thickness d1 and the second thickness d2 are different). This can simulate and test photovoltaic modules with the same film material and different thicknesses of film; or test two thicknesses of the same film material at the same time.
[0092] In some implementations, such as Figure 6 As shown, the materials of the first part 121 and the second part 221 are different, and the thickness of the first part 121 and the thickness of the second part 221 are the same.
[0093] For example, such as Figure 6 As shown, the materials of the first part 121 and the second part 221 are different, and the thickness of the first part 121 and the second part 221 are the same in the first direction Y. This allows for the simulation and testing of photovoltaic modules with different types of encapsulant materials and encapsulant films of the same thickness; or the simultaneous testing of two encapsulant materials of the same thickness.
[0094] In some implementations, such as Figure 7 As shown, in the step of providing at least one heating element 31 (step S200), a plurality of heating elements 31 are provided at intervals; in the step of providing at least one electromagnetic induction generator 41 (step 500), a plurality of electromagnetic induction generators 41 are provided at intervals, and the heating elements 31 are correspondingly arranged with the electromagnetic induction generators 41; the plurality of heating elements 31 include a first heating element 311 and a second heating element 312, and in the first direction Y, the thickness of the first heating element 311 is greater than the thickness of the second heating element 312.
[0095] For example, such as Figure 7 As shown, the plurality of heating elements 31 include a first heating element 311 and a second heating element 312. The distance between the first cover plate 11 and the second cover plate 21 is equal at all points. The thickness of the first heating element 311 is greater than the thickness of the second heating element 312. The total thickness of the first adhesive film 12 and the second adhesive film 22 at the first heating element 311 is less than the total thickness of the first adhesive film 12 and the second adhesive film 22 at the second heating element 312. This allows for testing the effect of heating elements 31 / solar cells of different thicknesses on the hot spot effect, or testing the effect of different adhesive film thicknesses at different locations on the hot spot effect.
[0096] In some implementations, such as Figure 8As shown, in the step of providing at least one heating element 31 (step S200), a plurality of heating elements 31 are provided at intervals; in the step of providing at least one electromagnetic induction generator 41 (step S500), a plurality of electromagnetic induction generators 41 are provided at intervals, and the heating elements 31 are correspondingly arranged with the electromagnetic induction generators 41; the plurality of heating elements 31 includes a third heating element 313 and a fourth heating element 314, and in the first direction Y, the thickness of the third heating element 313 is equal to the thickness of the fourth heating element 314; there are a plurality of temperature sensors 51, including a first temperature sensor 511 and a second temperature sensor 512, the first temperature sensor 511 overlaps with the third heating element 313 in the first direction Y, and the second temperature sensor 512 overlaps with the fourth heating element 314 in the first direction Y; in the step of activating the electromagnetic induction generator 41 to cause the corresponding heating element 31 to heat up (step S700), the temperature of the third heating element 313 is different from the temperature of the fourth heating element 314.
[0097] For example, such as Figure 8 As shown, the plurality of electromagnetic induction generators 41 include a first electromagnetic induction generator 411 and a second electromagnetic induction generator 412. The third heating element 313, the first electromagnetic induction generator 411, and the first temperature sensor 511 correspond to each other. The fourth heating element 314, the second electromagnetic induction generator 412, and the second temperature sensor 512 correspond to each other.
[0098] For example, such as Figure 8 As shown, the third heating element 313 and the fourth heating element 314 can be controlled to have different temperatures, thereby allowing for testing of different parts under different temperature conditions, and enabling more comprehensive testing of the first adhesive film 12 and the second adhesive film 22.
[0099] In some implementations, such as Figures 4 to 8 As shown, in the step of activating the electromagnetic induction generator 41 to cause the corresponding heating element 31 to heat up (step S700), the target temperature monitored by the temperature sensor 51 is 150°C. o C-200 o C, the target temperature holding time is 30-60 minutes; and / or, the thickness of the first part 121 and the thickness of the second part 221 are both 0.5 mm-1 mm; and / or, the thickness of the first cover plate 11 and the thickness of the second cover plate 21 are both 1 mm-2 mm. This is the same as the actual product testing conditions for photovoltaic modules, which can improve testing accuracy.
[0100] For example, the target temperature monitored by temperature sensor 51 is 150°C. o C-200 o C, The target temperature monitored by temperature sensor 51 can be 150°C. o C, 160o C, 170 o C, 180 o C, 190 o C, 200 o Any value in C.
[0101] For example, the target temperature holding time is 30-60 minutes, and the target temperature holding time can be any value among 30 minutes, 40 minutes, 50 minutes, and 60 minutes.
[0102] For example, the thickness of the first part 121 and the thickness of the second part 221 are both 0.5mm-1mm, and the thickness of the first part 121 and the thickness of the second part 221 can be any value among 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm and 1mm.
[0103] For example, the thickness of the first cover plate 11 and the thickness of the second cover plate 21 are both 1mm-2mm, and the thickness of the first cover plate 11 and the thickness of the second cover plate 21 can be any value among 1mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm, and 2mm.
[0104] In some embodiments, between steps S700 and S800, the photovoltaic module testing method further includes: after the temperature sensor 51 detects the target temperature, removing the temperature sensor 51, and exposing at least the second cover plate 21 and the second encapsulant film 22 to a preset light source. This can simulate the actual usage conditions of the photovoltaic module under sunlight, making the test conditions the same as the photovoltaic module's usage environment, thus improving test accuracy.
[0105] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0106] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A testing method for photovoltaic modules, characterized in that, include: A first cover plate and a second cover plate, as well as a first adhesive film and a second adhesive film are provided; A plurality of spaced heating elements are provided, the heating elements comprising a ferromagnetic material; The plurality of heating elements include a first heating element and a second heating element. In a first direction, the thickness of the first heating element is greater than the thickness of the second heating element, and the first direction is parallel to the thickness direction of the first cover plate. The first cover plate, the first adhesive film, the plurality of heating elements, the second adhesive film, and the second cover plate are stacked in the first direction; The first adhesive film and the second adhesive film are subjected to thermosetting treatment so that the first adhesive film and the second adhesive film bond to the heating element; A plurality of electromagnetic induction generators are provided at intervals, and the electromagnetic induction generators are placed on the side of the first cover plate away from the second cover plate; in the first direction, the heating element and the corresponding electromagnetic induction generator are overlapped; the heating element and the electromagnetic induction generator are correspondingly arranged. Provide at least one temperature sensor, and place the temperature sensor on the side of the second cover plate away from the first cover plate; The electromagnetic induction generator is activated to cause the corresponding heating element to heat up, and the temperature of the surface of the second cover plate away from the first cover plate is monitored by the temperature sensor. Determine whether the first adhesive film and the second adhesive film have failed.
2. The testing method for photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Prior to the step of activating the electromagnetic induction generator to cause the corresponding heating element to heat up, the testing method for the photovoltaic module further includes: providing a controller; the controller is configured to adjust the electromagnetic intensity of the corresponding electromagnetic induction generator in response to the temperature monitored by the temperature sensor; After the step of activating the electromagnetic induction generator to cause the corresponding heating element to heat up, the testing method for the photovoltaic module further includes: activating the controller, and adjusting the electromagnetic intensity of the electromagnetic induction generator according to the temperature monitored by the temperature sensor and the target temperature.
3. The testing method for photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the step of performing thermosetting treatment on the first adhesive film and the second adhesive film, the first adhesive film and the second adhesive film are bonded together as an integral structure at the portion located on one side of the side end face of the heating element in the second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the first cover plate. After the step of performing thermosetting treatment on the first adhesive film and the second adhesive film, the first adhesive film includes a first portion located on one side of the heating sheet in the first direction, and the second adhesive film includes a second portion located on one side of the heating sheet in the first direction, and both the first portion and the second portion are bonded to the heating sheet.
4. The testing method for photovoltaic modules according to claim 3, characterized in that, The material of the first part is the same as that of the second part, and the thickness of the first part is the same as that of the second part.
5. The testing method for photovoltaic modules according to claim 3, characterized in that, The material of the first part and the material of the second part are the same, but the thickness of the first part and the thickness of the second part are different.
6. The testing method for photovoltaic modules according to claim 3, characterized in that, The materials of the first part and the second part are different, and the thickness of the first part and the thickness of the second part are the same.
7. The testing method for photovoltaic modules according to claim 3, characterized in that, The plurality of heating elements includes a third heating element and a fourth heating element, wherein, in the first direction, the thickness of the third heating element is equal to the thickness of the fourth heating element; The temperature sensors are multiple, including a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor. The first temperature sensor overlaps with the third heating element in the first direction, and the second temperature sensor overlaps with the fourth heating element in the first direction. In the step of activating the electromagnetic induction generator to cause the corresponding heating element to heat up, the temperature of the third heating element is different from the temperature of the fourth heating element.
8. The testing method for photovoltaic modules according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the step of activating the electromagnetic induction generator to cause the corresponding heating element to heat up, the target temperature monitored by the temperature sensor is 150°C. o C-200 o C, the target temperature is maintained for 30-60 minutes; and / or, The thickness of both the first portion and the second portion is 0.5mm-1mm; and / or, The thickness of the first cover plate and the thickness of the second cover plate are both 1mm-2mm.
9. The testing method for photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: After the temperature sensor detects the target temperature, the temperature sensor is removed, and at least the second cover plate and the second adhesive film are exposed to a preset light source.