Intelligent sclera puncture cannula combining air bag self-anchoring and optical fiber micro-illumination

Abstract

The intelligent sclera puncture cannula comprises a hollow puncture cannula body, the outer edge of the lower end of the puncture cannula body is a pointed end of a conical surface structure, the outer side face of the pointed end is provided with an illumination containing annular groove coaxially arranged with the puncture cannula body, and an illumination scattering ring is fixed in the illumination containing annular groove; a light guide optical fiber is embedded in the side wall of the puncture cannula body, an optical fiber connector is arranged at the top end of the puncture cannula body, one end of the light guide optical fiber is connected with the optical fiber connector, and the other end of the light guide optical fiber is connected with the illumination scattering ring. A self-illumination light source and a micro-imaging element are integrated at the needle point of the puncture cannula, so that synchronous acquisition of first visual angle direct view and fault depth information can be realized; due to the constraint design of the double air bags, the air bags form dumbbell-shaped anchoring in the sclera incision, reliable fixing force is provided for the puncture cannula, and damage to tissue is small.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to an intelligent scleral puncture cannula with airbag self-anchoring combined with fiber optic micro-illumination. Background Technology

[0002] Scleral puncture cannulas are core instruments in minimally invasive ophthalmic surgery (especially vitreoretinal surgery). Their core function is to establish and maintain a stable, sealed surgical channel on the sclera, the outer layer of the eyeball, providing a safe path for the entry and exit of other precision instruments (such as vitreous cutting heads, laser probes, intraocular forceps, etc.), while protecting intraocular tissues and maintaining stable intraocular pressure. They are a key basic component for achieving "minimally invasive and precise" minimally invasive surgery.

[0003] However, the existing scleral puncture cannulas are still lacking in terms of versatility and flexibility. Especially in microsurgical external retinal surgery, the existing cannulas are prone to dislodgement, and the illumination fiber can easily interfere with the vitreous body, causing vitreous impaction and leading to surgical failure. Therefore, the design of the existing scleral cannulas needs to be further improved and optimized. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent scleral puncture cannula with airbag self-anchoring combined with fiber optic micro-illumination, which integrates a self-illuminating light source and micro-imaging elements, and can more flexibly adapt to various types of surgical needs.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The intelligent scleral puncture cannula with airbag self-anchoring and fiber optic micro-illumination includes a hollow puncture cannula body, the lower outer edge of the puncture cannula body is a cone-shaped tip, and the outer surface of the tip has an illumination receiving annular groove arranged coaxially with the puncture cannula body. An illumination scattering ring is fixed in the illumination receiving annular groove. The puncture cannula body has an embedded optical fiber inside the side wall and an optical fiber connector at the top of the puncture cannula body. One end of the optical fiber is connected to the optical fiber connector and the other end of the optical fiber is connected to the illumination scattering ring. An airbag self-anchoring mechanism is connected to the outside of the puncture cannula body via an axial adjustment mechanism. The airbag self-anchoring mechanism includes an airbag anchoring support ring that is slidably connected to the outside of the puncture cannula body. Two airbag fixing ring grooves are opened on the outer wall of the airbag anchoring support ring and are arranged coaxially with it. An annular airbag film is fixed in the airbag fixing ring groove. The top of the airbag anchoring support ring is fixed with an air delivery pipe parallel to its axis. An airbag inflation ring groove is opened in the airbag fixing ring groove, which is coaxial with it. An air delivery hole is opened in the side wall of the airbag anchoring support ring. The air delivery hole is connected to the air delivery pipe and is connected to both airbag inflation ring grooves.

[0006] Preferably, an image sensor receiving hole is provided on the outer side of the puncture cannula body near the tip, and an ultra-fine optical fiber image transmission bundle is fixed in the image sensor receiving hole. The ultra-fine optical fiber image transmission bundle is embedded in the side wall of the puncture cannula body and its other end extends out from the top of the puncture cannula body.

[0007] Explanation: The ultra-fine fiber optic image transmission bundle can transmit images inside the eye to an image sensor to form digital signals, and then convert these digital signals into images displayed on the screen, providing the best field of vision for surgery by displaying images inside the eye in real time.

[0008] Preferably, the outer side of the puncture cannula body is provided with an anchoring connection ring groove coaxial with it, the airbag anchoring support ring is slidably connected in the anchoring connection ring groove, the axial adjustment mechanism includes an axial adjustment constraint hole opened at the top of the puncture cannula body and extending in a direction parallel to its axial direction, the lower end of the axial adjustment constraint hole is connected to the anchoring connection ring groove, and the air delivery pipe is slidably connected in the axial adjustment constraint hole.

[0009] Note: For different types of surgery, during preoperative preparation, the relative position of the balloon self-anchoring mechanism on the puncture cannula body can be adjusted by the axial adjustment mechanism, thereby controlling the depth of insertion of the tip of the puncture cannula body into the eyeball.

[0010] Preferably, an axial drive constraint groove communicating with the axial adjustment constraint hole is provided on the outer side of the puncture cannula body, and the extension direction of the axial drive constraint groove is parallel to the axial direction of the axial adjustment constraint hole. An axial drive constraint rod is fixed on the outside of the air delivery tube. A manual adjustment ring, coaxial with the puncture tube body, is rotatably connected to the outside of the axial drive constraint groove. A drive guide groove is provided on the inner wall of the manual adjustment ring. The axial drive constraint rod passes through the axial drive constraint groove and slides in the drive guide groove.

[0011] Instructions: Manually rotate the manual adjustment ring. Under the mutual constraint of the drive guide slide and the axial drive constraint rod, the axial drive constraint rod moves along the axial drive constraint groove. The axial drive constraint rod then drives the air delivery pipe together with the airbag anchor support ring to move along the axial direction of the axial adjustment constraint hole, thereby adjusting the relative position of the airbag anchor support ring on the puncture cannula body.

[0012] Preferably, the drive guide chute includes an inclined section of the guide chute and horizontal sections of the guide chute connected to both ends of the inclined section of the guide chute; The inclined section of the guide slide extends spirally around the axis of the manual adjustment ring, and the spiral angle of the inclined section of the guide slide is 15°. The horizontal section of the guide slide extends circumferentially around the manual adjustment ring.

[0013] Note: The helix angle of the inclined section of the guide slide is set to 15°, which can balance adjustment sensitivity and operational stability.

[0014] Preferably, the inner side of the puncture cannula body is provided with a one-way pressure-holding structure. The one-way pressure-holding structure includes a valve receiving ring groove opened on the inner side of the puncture cannula body and coaxial with it. A valve fixing ring groove coaxial with it is opened near the top position in the valve receiving ring groove. A valve support ring is fixed in the valve fixing ring groove. Multiple one-way valves are provided on the inner side of the valve support ring. The multiple one-way valves together form an inverted cone-shaped one-way valve structure.

[0015] Explanation: Multiple one-way valves close together under their own elasticity to form an inverted cone-shaped one-way valve structure, which can effectively prevent the leakage of fluid inside the eyeball and maintain intraocular pressure.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are reflected in the following aspects: 1. The present invention has a reasonable structural design, integrating a self-illuminating light source and a micro-imaging element at the tip of the puncture cannula, which can achieve simultaneous acquisition of "first-person direct vision" and "tomographic depth information"; 2. This invention is easy to operate. The double-balloon constraint design allows the balloons to form a "dumbbell-shaped" anchor within the scleral incision, providing reliable fixation for the puncture cannula and minimizing tissue damage. 3. The illumination scattering ring of the present invention can uniformly scatter the light generated by the LED cold light source into the eyeball, avoid glare caused by looking directly at the light source, and facilitate the adjustment of the brightness of the LED cold light source. This realizes "the instrument is the light source", providing stable and uniform fundus illumination for the surgical environment. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is the front view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the axial adjustment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the manual adjustment ring of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure, 10-piercing cannula body, 101-tip, 11-illumination receiving ring groove, 12-illumination scattering ring, 120-light guiding fiber, 13-fiber connector, 14-image sensor receiving hole, 15-ultra-fine fiber optic image bundle, 20-axial adjustment mechanism, 201-anchoring connection ring groove, 21-axial adjustment constraint hole, 22-axial drive constraint groove, 23-axial drive constraint rod, 24-manual adjustment ring, 25-drive guide 251-Guide groove inclined section, 252-Guide groove horizontal section, 30-Airbag self-anchoring mechanism, 31-Airbag anchoring support ring, 310-Airbag fixing ring groove, 32-Airbag membrane, 33-Air delivery pipe, 331-Airbag inflation ring groove, 332-Air delivery hole, 40-One-way pressure holding structure, 401-Valve receiving ring groove, 402-Valve fixing ring groove, 41-Valve support ring, 42-One-way valve. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The following is combined with Figures 1-3 The present invention will be described in detail. For ease of description, the orientations mentioned below are defined as follows: The directions of up, down, left, right, front, and back mentioned below are consistent with the directions of up, down, left, right, front, and back in the projection relationship of the respective main view or structural schematic diagram.

[0020] Example 1: A smart scleral puncture cannula with airbag self-anchoring combined with fiber optic micro-illumination, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a hollow puncture cannula body 10, a tip 101 with a conical structure at the lower outer edge of the puncture cannula body 10, and an illumination receiving annular groove 11 arranged coaxially with the puncture cannula body 10 on the outer surface of the tip 101. An illumination scattering ring 12 is fixed in the illumination receiving annular groove 11. A light-guiding optical fiber 120 is embedded in the side wall of the puncture cannula body 10. A fiber optic connector 13 is provided at the top of the puncture cannula body 10. One end of the light-guiding optical fiber 120 is connected to the fiber optic connector 13, and the other end of the light-guiding optical fiber 120 is connected to the illumination scattering ring 12. An airbag self-anchoring mechanism 30 is connected to the outside of the puncture cannula body 10 via an axial adjustment mechanism 20. The airbag self-anchoring mechanism 30 includes an airbag anchoring support ring 31 that is slidably connected to the outside of the puncture cannula body 10. Two airbag fixing ring grooves 310 are opened on the outer wall of the airbag anchoring support ring 31 and are arranged coaxially with it. An annular airbag film 32 is fixed in the airbag fixing ring groove 310. The top of the airbag anchoring support ring 31 is fixed with an air delivery pipe 33 parallel to its axis. An airbag inflation ring groove 331 coaxial with the airbag is opened in the airbag fixing ring groove 310. An air delivery hole 332 is opened in the side wall of the airbag anchoring support ring 31. The air delivery hole 332 is connected to the air delivery pipe 33 and is connected to both airbag inflation ring grooves 331.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, an image sensor receiving hole 14 is provided on the outer side of the puncture cannula body 10 near the tip 101. An ultra-fine fiber optic image transmission bundle 15 is fixed in the image sensor receiving hole 14. The ultra-fine fiber optic image transmission bundle 15 is embedded in the side wall of the puncture cannula body 10 and its other end extends out from the top of the puncture cannula body 10.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, an anchoring connection groove 201 coaxial with the outer side of the puncture cannula body 10 is provided, and the airbag anchoring support ring 31 is slidably connected in the anchoring connection groove 201, as shown. Figure 2 As shown, the axial adjustment mechanism 20 includes an axial adjustment constraint hole 21 opened at the top of the puncture cannula body 10 and extending in a direction parallel to its axial direction. The lower end of the axial adjustment constraint hole 21 is connected to the anchoring connection annular groove 201, and the air delivery pipe 33 is slidably connected in the axial adjustment constraint hole 21.

[0023] Example 2: Based on Example 1, such as Figure 2 As shown, an axial drive constraint groove 22 is provided on the outer side of the puncture cannula body 10, which is connected to the axial adjustment constraint hole 21. The extension direction of the axial drive constraint groove 22 is parallel to the axial direction of the axial adjustment constraint hole 21. An axial drive constraint rod 23 is fixed on the outside of the air delivery tube 33. A manual adjustment ring 24, coaxial with the puncture tube body 10, is rotatably connected to the outside of the puncture tube body 10 at the axial drive constraint groove 22. A drive guide groove 25 is provided on the inner wall of the manual adjustment ring 24. The axial drive constraint rod 23 passes through the axial drive constraint groove 22 and slides in the drive guide groove 25.

[0024] like Figure 3 As shown, the drive guide chute 25 includes an inclined section 251 of the guide chute and horizontal sections 252 of the guide chute connected to both ends of the inclined section 251 of the guide chute. The inclined section 251 of the guide slide extends spirally around the axis of the manual adjustment ring 24, and the spiral angle of the inclined section 251 of the guide slide is 15°. The horizontal section 252 of the guide slide extends circumferentially around the manual adjustment ring 24.

[0025] Example 3: Based on Example 2, such as Figure 1As shown, the puncture cannula body 10 has a one-way pressure-holding structure 40 inside. The one-way pressure-holding structure 40 includes a valve receiving ring groove 401 opened inside the puncture cannula body 10 and coaxial with it. A valve fixing ring groove 402 coaxial with it is opened near the top position inside the valve receiving ring groove 401. A valve support ring 41 is fixed inside the valve fixing ring groove 402. Multiple one-way valves 42 are provided inside the valve support ring 41. The multiple one-way valves 42 together form an inverted cone-shaped one-way valve structure. Both the valve support ring 41 and the one-way valve 42 are made of medical-grade silicone material, which is currently in use.

[0026] In practical applications, the fiber optic connector 13 is connected to an existing adjustable-brightness LED cold light source, and the air delivery pipe 33 is connected to an existing miniature air pump via a flexible hose, with a pressure sensor and an opening / closing control valve on the hose. For different types of surgery, during preoperative preparation, the relative position of the balloon self-anchoring mechanism 30 on the puncture cannula body 10 can be adjusted by the axial adjustment mechanism 20, thereby controlling the depth of the tip 101 of the puncture cannula body 10 inserted into the eyeball. Manually rotate the manual adjustment ring 24. Under the mutual constraint of the drive guide groove 25 and the axial drive constraint rod 23, the axial drive constraint rod 23 is driven to move along the axial drive constraint groove 22. The axial drive constraint rod 23 then drives the air delivery pipe 33 together with the airbag anchor support ring 31 to move along the axial direction of the axial adjustment constraint hole 21, thereby adjusting the relative position of the airbag anchor support ring 31 on the puncture cannula body 10. During the operation, after the puncture cannula body 10 is inserted into the sclera, and the two air balloon films 32 on the air balloon anchoring support ring 31 are respectively positioned on the inner and outer sides of the sclera, the air balloon inflation ring groove 331 is inflated by a micro air pump, causing the air balloon films 32 to inflate and form annular bulges. The annular bulges formed by the two air balloon films 32 are respectively constrained and locked on the inner and outer sides of the sclera, thereby fixing and constraining the position of the puncture cannula body 10. Surgical instruments pass through the inner side of the puncture cannula body 10 to enter the eyeball for surgical operations. When the surgical instruments pass through the inner side of the puncture cannula body 10, they apply pressure to the multiple one-way valves 42, so that the multiple one-way valves 42 are tightly attached to the valve receiving ring groove 401, providing a passage for the insertion of surgical instruments. After the surgical instruments are withdrawn from the puncture cannula body 10, the multiple one-way valves 42 close under their own elasticity to form an inverted cone-shaped one-way valve structure, which can effectively prevent the leakage of fluid inside the eyeball and maintain intraocular pressure. The fiber optic connector 13 is connected to an existing LED cold light source via an extended fiber optic cable. The light emitted by the LED cold light source is guided into the illumination scattering ring 12 via the light guide fiber 120. The illumination scattering ring 12 is made of transparent material and has a frosted outer surface. The light guided into the illumination scattering ring 12 will be scattered and irradiated into the patient's eyeball. The ultra-fine fiber optic image transmission bundle 15 is connected to an existing image sensor at its outer end. The ultra-fine fiber optic image transmission bundle 15 can transmit images inside the eyeball to the image sensor to form digital signals. These digital signals are then converted into images by an existing image processing module and displayed on the screen via wired, Bluetooth, or wireless transmission, providing the best field of vision for surgery by displaying images inside the eyeball in real time.

[0027] It should be noted that the image acquisition, transmission, signal processing, etc. involved in this application are all existing technologies. This application does not involve any improvement or innovation of the above technical solutions. The above solutions are common knowledge to those skilled in the art, and will not be elaborated on here.

Claims

1. An intelligent scleral puncture cannula with airbag self-anchoring combined with fiber optic micro-illumination, characterized in that, It includes a hollow puncture cannula body (10), the lower outer edge of the puncture cannula body (10) is a cone-shaped tip (101), the outer surface of the tip (101) has an illumination receiving annular groove (11) arranged coaxially with the puncture cannula body (10), and an illumination scattering ring (12) is fixed in the illumination receiving annular groove (11). The puncture cannula body (10) has an embedded optical fiber (120) inside its side wall. The top of the puncture cannula body (10) has an optical fiber connector (13). One end of the optical fiber (120) is connected to the optical fiber connector (13), and the other end of the optical fiber (120) is connected to the illumination scattering ring (12). The outside of the puncture cannula body (10) is connected to an airbag self-anchoring mechanism (30) via an axial adjustment mechanism (20). The airbag self-anchoring mechanism (30) includes an airbag anchoring support ring (31) that is slidably connected to the outside of the puncture cannula body (10). Two airbag fixing ring grooves (310) are opened on the outer wall of the airbag anchoring support ring (31) and are arranged coaxially with it. An annular airbag film (32) is fixed in the airbag fixing ring groove (310). The top end of the airbag anchoring support ring (31) is fixed with an air delivery pipe (33) parallel to its axis. The airbag fixing ring groove (310) is provided with an airbag inflation ring groove (331) coaxial with it. The side wall of the airbag anchoring support ring (31) is provided with an air delivery hole (332). The air delivery hole (332) is connected to the air delivery pipe (33). The air delivery hole (332) is connected to both airbag inflation ring grooves (331).

2. The intelligent scleral puncture cannula with airbag self-anchoring combined with fiber optic micro-illumination according to claim 1, characterized in that, An image sensor receiving hole (14) is provided on the outer side of the puncture cannula body (10) near the tip (101). An ultra-fine fiber optic image transmission bundle (15) is fixed in the image sensor receiving hole (14). The ultra-fine fiber optic image transmission bundle (15) is embedded in the side wall of the puncture cannula body (10) and its other end protrudes from the top of the puncture cannula body (10).

3. The intelligent scleral puncture cannula with airbag self-anchoring combined with fiber optic micro-illumination according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer side of the puncture cannula body (10) is provided with an anchoring connection groove (201) coaxial with it. The airbag anchoring support ring (31) is slidably connected in the anchoring connection groove (201). The axial adjustment mechanism (20) includes an axial adjustment constraint hole (21) opened at the top of the puncture cannula body (10) and extending in a direction parallel to its axial direction. The lower end of the axial adjustment constraint hole (21) is connected to the anchoring connection groove (201). The air delivery pipe (33) is slidably connected in the axial adjustment constraint hole (21).

4. The intelligent scleral puncture cannula with airbag self-anchoring combined with fiber optic micro-illumination according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer side of the puncture cannula body (10) is provided with an axial drive constraint groove (22) that communicates with the axial adjustment constraint hole (21). The extension direction of the axial drive constraint groove (22) is parallel to the axial direction of the axial adjustment constraint hole (21). An axial drive constraint rod (23) is fixed on the outside of the air delivery pipe (33). A manual adjustment ring (24) coaxial with the puncture cannula body (10) is rotatably connected to the outside of the axial drive constraint groove (22). A drive guide groove (25) is provided on the inner side wall of the manual adjustment ring (24). The axial drive constraint rod (23) passes through the axial drive constraint groove (22) and slides in the drive guide groove (25).

5. The intelligent scleral puncture cannula with airbag self-anchoring combined with fiber optic micro-illumination according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drive guide chute (25) includes an inclined section (251) of the guide chute and horizontal sections (252) of the guide chute connected to both ends of the inclined section (251); The inclined section (251) of the guide groove extends spirally around the axis of the manual adjustment ring (24), and the spiral angle of the inclined section (251) of the guide groove is 15°. The horizontal section (252) of the guide groove extends circumferentially around the manual adjustment ring (24).

6. The intelligent scleral puncture cannula with airbag self-anchoring combined with fiber optic micro-illumination according to claim 1, characterized in that, The puncture cannula body (10) is provided with a one-way pressure-holding structure (40) on its inner side. The one-way pressure-holding structure (40) includes a valve receiving ring groove (401) opened on the inner side of the puncture cannula body (10) and coaxial with it. A valve fixing ring groove (402) coaxial with it is opened near the top position in the valve receiving ring groove (401). A valve support ring (41) is fixed in the valve fixing ring groove (402). Multiple one-way valves (42) are provided on the inner side of the valve support ring (41). The multiple one-way valves (42) together form an inverted cone-shaped one-way valve structure.

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