Friction stir welding equipment
By introducing a detachable connecting base, universal wheel brake, grating ruler positioning module, and omnidirectional flattening limit unit into the friction stir welding equipment, the problems of equipment positioning accuracy and thermal deformation are solved, achieving efficient and precise welding results.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-13
AI Technical Summary
Existing friction stir welding equipment suffers from insufficient positioning accuracy and adaptability, making it difficult to accurately position large workpieces. The clamping device cannot effectively suppress thermal deformation during the welding process, and the equipment lacks flexibility and practicality, affecting welding accuracy and integrity.
The equipment employs a detachable base, universal wheel brakes, grating ruler positioning module, twin screw adjustment structure, omnidirectional flattening limit unit, and elastic buffer device to achieve flexible positioning and stable clamping, adapt to workpieces of different sizes, suppress thermal deformation, and improve welding accuracy.
It enables efficient and precise positioning of workpieces of different sizes, suppresses thermal deformation during welding, improves welding accuracy and the flexibility and practicality of the equipment, and ensures welding quality.
Smart Images
Figure CN121649554A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to a welding device, and more particularly, to a friction stir welding device. Background Technology
[0002] Friction stir welding differs from traditional fusion welding in that the workpiece does not undergo a melting stage during the friction stir welding process. This minimizes the heat-affected zone, reduces the probability of workpiece deformation, and avoids welding defects such as porosity and cracks caused by melting. It significantly improves joint strength and sealing, making it particularly suitable for welding lightweight metals such as aluminum and magnesium alloys. Existing friction stir welding equipment includes core components such as a frame, stirring assembly, operating table, and drive mechanism. Its working principle is mostly based on the motor driving the stirring assembly to rotate and move, generating frictional heat between the stirring head and the workpiece contact surface, softening the metal material and achieving a solid-state connection. Some equipment, to improve stability, incorporates simple positioning blocks or clamping devices on the operating table, such as using fixed stops to laterally limit the workpiece or using a manual screw. The device uses a pressure block to simply press the workpiece surface; however, existing technologies suffer from several drawbacks. First, the positioning accuracy and adaptability are insufficient. Traditional equipment often uses a fixed positioning structure, which cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the workpiece size. This is especially problematic when welding large materials, where precise positioning is difficult to achieve. The workpiece is prone to displacement during welding due to vibration or friction, leading to weld joint deviations and affecting the final product's accuracy. Second, the flattening and limiting effect is poor. Simple pressing devices can only apply pressure to the workpiece from a single direction, failing to address thermal deformation during welding. This can cause warping, bulging, and other issues, compromising the integrity and flatness of the weld joint. Third, the equipment lacks flexibility and practicality. The operating table and base are often fixedly connected, making it difficult to move or adjust their position independently, and different sized operating tables cannot be replaced.
[0003] Therefore, those skilled in the art are dedicated to providing a friction stir welding device that can effectively solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a friction stir welding apparatus, including a frame; The mixing assembly is located below the frame and is supported by the operating table; An operating platform, located below the stirring assembly, is used to support the workpiece to be welded; The base is detachably connected to the operating table, and brake wheels are provided at the four corners of the bottom. Motion components are used to control the synchronous movement of the stirring components and the flattening and limiting units; A positioning unit is installed on the operating table and is used to position the workpiece to be welded. The flattening and limiting unit is mounted on the frame and is driven by the motion component together with the stirring assembly.
[0005] Furthermore, the stirring assembly includes a stirring head drive motor, a stirring shaft, and a stirring head. The stirring head drive motor is fixed at the lower end of the slide block, the upper end of the stirring shaft is connected to the output end of the stirring head drive motor, and the lower end of the stirring shaft is detachably connected to the stirring head. The stirring head is made of tungsten alloy and has spiral stirring teeth on its surface. The brake wheel adopts a universal wheel structure and is equipped with a foot-operated brake locking mechanism. The wheel surface of the brake wheel is made of polyurethane material. The frame includes four columns. The upper ends of two columns on the same side are connected by a crossbeam. The two ends of the connecting beam are respectively connected to the two crossbeams. A reinforcing block is provided at the angle between the connecting beam and each of the crossbeams. The reinforcing block is forged from a single piece of steel plate and is fixed to the connecting beam and the crossbeam by welding. The welding is a fillet weld with a weld height of not less than 8mm. The connecting beam is a hollow structure. The motion component is installed in the connecting beam and can move along the length of the connecting beam. The stirring component and the flattening limiting unit are both driven by the motion component.
[0006] Furthermore, the motion component includes a lead screw rotatably disposed within the crossbeam, a slide block disposed on the lead screw, the slide block sliding on a guide rail located within the crossbeam, the slide block extending out of the crossbeam through an opening at the lower end of the crossbeam, and connected to the flattening and limiting unit and the stirring component; a housing is disposed on one side of the frame, and a motor is disposed within the housing, the output end of the motor being used to drive the lead screw to rotate; The motion component also includes a grating ruler positioning module, which is installed on the inner side of the crossbeam and connected to the slide block. It is used to detect the movement position of the slide block in real time, with a positioning accuracy of ±0.01mm, and feeds the position signal back to the motor control system to achieve closed-loop control.
[0007] Furthermore, the flattening and limiting unit includes a positioning seat, the cross-section of which gradually increases from top to bottom. The upper end of the positioning seat is connected to the slide, and the lower end of the positioning seat is provided with two connecting columns. The lower end of each connecting column is simultaneously connected to the upper end of the positioning plate. The lower end of the positioning plate is provided with two main pressure roller brackets, and each main pressure roller bracket is rotatably mounted on a main pressure roller.
[0008] Furthermore, the flattening and limiting unit also includes several extension seats, each of which is clamped to the positioning plate and fixed by screws. Each extension seat is provided with a guide seat, and each guide seat is slidably provided with a guide rod. Each guide rod is fitted with an upper spring and a lower spring, which are respectively located on both sides of the guide seat. The upper end of the guide rod is threaded with a top cover, and the lower end of the guide rod is provided with a mounting plate. The lower end of the mounting plate is provided with a secondary pressure roller that cooperates with the main pressure roller. The secondary pressure roller is smaller than the main pressure roller bracket. The surfaces of the main pressure roller and the secondary pressure roller of the flattening and limiting unit are both covered with a wear-resistant ceramic coating with a coating thickness of 0.5-1.2mm. The ceramic coating surface has anti-slip textures to improve the friction coefficient and service life of the contact surface between the pressure roller and the workpiece.
[0009] Furthermore, the lower end of the operating table has two limiting grooves, and the upper end of the base has two limiting protrusions that correspond one-to-one with and cooperate with each of the limiting grooves. The operating table is placed on the base and is limited by the cooperation of each limiting groove and each limiting protrusion.
[0010] Furthermore, lifting rings are provided at both ends of the operating platform.
[0011] Furthermore, the base has a weight-reduction opening in the middle section, and both sides of the base are provided with boxes, each of which has a handle on the base.
[0012] Furthermore, the positioning unit includes a positioning part connected to the operating table, an adjustment component is provided on the outer side of the positioning part, a support part is provided on the upper half of the adjustment component, and a plurality of abutting parts are provided on the lower end of the support part for use with the upper surface of the operating table. The abutting parts are spherical. The abutting parts of the positioning unit have built-in pressure sensors, and the pressure sensors are electrically connected to the equipment control system.
[0013] Furthermore, each of the operating tables is equipped with several positioning units; both sides of the operating table are provided with sliding grooves, and the upper surface of the operating table is provided with several parallel heat dissipation grooves, the depth of which is 3-5mm, the width of which is 2-4mm, and the spacing between adjacent heat dissipation grooves is 15-20mm, for quickly dissipating the heat transferred from the workpiece to the operating table during the welding process; the inner side of the positioning part is located in the sliding groove and can slide along the length of the sliding groove; The adjustment assembly includes a connecting part, the inner side of the lower half of the connecting part is connected to the outer end of the positioning part, the upper half of the connecting part is threaded with a first clamping screw, the inner end of the first clamping screw is rotatably connected to a clamping block, the inner side of the clamping block is provided with a plurality of anti-slip protrusions made of rubber, and the outer side of the clamping block is provided with two guide posts, each of the guide posts being slidably passed through the connecting part, and the clamping block is driven to fit against the operating table by the first clamping screw, and the positioning unit is positioned. The upper end of the connecting part is rotatably provided with a rotating part, the outer side of which is connected to the supporting part. A second clamping screw is inserted into the rotating part. An extension groove is formed at the upper end of the connecting part, and a rubber pad is placed in the extension groove. A clamping head is rotatably provided at the lower end of the second clamping screw. By screwing in the second clamping screw, the clamping head is sent into the extension groove and pressed against the rubber pad, thereby positioning the rotating part. On one hand, the positioning unit can slide along the operating table groove, and in conjunction with the double-screw adjustment structure and the spherical clamping part, it can quickly adapt to workpieces of different sizes, making the positioning process convenient and efficient. The rubber anti-slip protrusions of the clamping block enhance friction, prevent workpiece displacement during welding, and improve welding accuracy. The operating table cooperates with the limiting groove and the limiting boss of the base to further improve the overall positioning stability of the equipment. On the other hand, the main pressure roller and the auxiliary pressure roller cooperate to flatten and limit the workpiece from the top, bottom and sides, effectively suppressing thermal deformation during welding. The double spring structure on the guide rod provides elastic buffering, which can adapt to slight undulations on the workpiece surface, ensuring the clamping effect while avoiding damage to the workpiece. Furthermore, the brake wheel at the bottom of the base facilitates the overall movement and fixation of the equipment, and the lifting ring of the operating table is easy to carry separately. It also has the advantages of simple structure, not easy to damage and low manufacturing cost. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention.
[0015] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.
[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the motion component and the crossbeam in this invention.
[0017] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the middle.
[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the flattening limiting unit and the extension seat in this invention.
[0019] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point C.
[0020] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in this invention where the lower end of the crossbeam has an opening.
[0021] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point D in the middle.
[0022] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the main pressure roller bracket and other components such as the main pressure roller in this invention.
[0023] Figure 10 This is a structural schematic diagram of the operating table and other components in this invention.
[0024] Figure 11 This is a structural schematic diagram of the extension seat and other components in this invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of components such as the extension seat and the main pressure roller bracket in this invention.
[0025] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a structure with a limit groove at the bottom of the operating table.
[0026] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning unit in this invention.
[0027] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping block in this invention.
[0028] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the base structure in this invention; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the positioning part is inserted into the operating table in this invention.
[0029] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stirring assembly used in conjunction with the operating table.
[0030] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the guide rod and the spring in this invention; Figure 20 This is a structural attempt in which the clamping head is located in the extension groove in the present invention.
[0031] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Frame; 2. Mixing assembly; 3. Operating platform; 5. Base; 6. Brake wheel; 8. Positioning unit; 9. Flattening and limiting unit; 10. Column; 11. Crossbeam; 12. Connecting beam; 16. Reinforcing block; 20. Chassis; 21. Positioning seat; 22. Connecting column; 23. Positioning plate; 26. Main pressure roller bracket; 27. Main pressure roller; 28. Extension seat; 29. Guide seat; 30. Guide rod; 31. Upper spring; 32. Lower spring; 33. Top cover; 35. Mounting plate; 3 6. Secondary pressure roller; 37. Limiting groove; 38. Limiting boss; 39. Lifting ring; 50. Weight reduction port; 51. Box door; 52. Handle; 53. Positioning part; 55. Adjustment component; 56. Support part; 57. Clamping part; 58. Slide groove; 59. Connecting part; 60. First clamping screw; 61. Clamping block; 62. Anti-slip ridge; 63. Guide post; 65. Rotating part; 66. Extension groove; 67. Clamping head; 68. Rubber pad; 69. Second clamping screw; 80. Opening. Detailed Implementation
[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0033] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "setting," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.
[0034] like Figures 1 to 20 As shown, a friction stir welding device includes a frame 1; The stirring assembly 2 is located below the frame 1 and is supported by the operating table 3; The operating platform 3 is located below the stirring assembly 2 and is used to support the workpiece to be welded; The base 5 is detachably connected to the operating table 3, and brake wheels 6 are provided at the four corners of the bottom. A motion component is used to control the synchronous movement of the stirring component (2) and the flattening limiting unit (9); Positioning unit 8 is disposed on the operating table 3 and is used to position the workpiece to be welded; The flattening and limiting unit 9 is mounted on the frame 1 and is driven by the motion component together with the stirring assembly 2.
[0035] The stirring assembly 2 includes a stirring head drive motor, a stirring shaft and a stirring head. The stirring head drive motor is fixed at the lower end of the slide block. The upper end of the stirring shaft is connected to the output end of the stirring head drive motor. The lower end of the stirring shaft is detachably connected to the stirring head. The stirring head is made of tungsten alloy and has spiral stirring teeth on its surface. The brake wheel 6 adopts a universal wheel structure and is equipped with a foot-operated brake locking mechanism. The wheel surface of the brake wheel (6) is made of polyurethane.
[0036] The frame 1 includes four columns 10. The upper ends of two columns 10 located on the same side are connected by crossbeams 11. The two ends of the connecting beam 12 are respectively connected to the two crossbeams 11. A reinforcing block 16 is provided at the angle between the connecting beam 12 and each of the crossbeams 11. The reinforcing block 16 is forged from a single piece of steel plate and is fixed to the connecting beam 12 and the crossbeams 11 by welding. The welding is a fillet weld with a weld height of not less than 8mm. The connecting beam 12 has a hollow structure. The motion component is installed in the connecting beam 12 and can move along the length of the connecting beam 12. The stirring component 2 and the flattening limiting unit 9 are both driven by the motion component.
[0037] The motion component includes a lead screw rotatably disposed within the crossbeam 11, a slide block disposed on the lead screw, the slide block sliding on a guide rail located within the crossbeam 11, the slide block extending out of the crossbeam through an opening 80 at the lower end of the crossbeam 11, and connected to the flattening and limiting unit 9 and the stirring component 2; a housing 20 is disposed on one side of the frame 1, and a motor is disposed within the housing 20, the output end of the motor being used to drive the lead screw to rotate; The motion component also includes a grating ruler positioning module, which is installed on the inner side of the crossbeam 11 and connected to the slide. It is used to detect the movement position of the slide in real time, with a positioning accuracy of ±0.01mm, and feeds the position signal back to the motor control system to realize closed-loop control.
[0038] The flattening and limiting unit 9 includes a positioning seat 21, the cross-section of which gradually increases from top to bottom. The upper end of the positioning seat 21 is connected to the slide, and the lower end of the positioning seat 21 is provided with two connecting columns 22. The lower end of each connecting column 22 is simultaneously connected to the upper end of the positioning plate 23. The lower end of the positioning plate 23 is provided with two main pressure roller brackets 26, and each main pressure roller bracket 26 is rotatably provided with a main pressure roller 27.
[0039] The flattening and limiting unit 9 also includes several extension seats 28, each of which is clamped on the positioning plate 23 and fixed by screws. Each extension seat 28 is provided with a guide seat 29, and each guide seat 29 is slidably provided with a guide rod 30. Each guide rod 30 is fitted with an upper spring 31 and a lower spring 32, which are located on both sides of the guide seat 29. The upper end of the guide rod 30 is threadedly connected to a top cover 33, and the lower end of the guide rod 30 is provided with a mounting plate 35. The lower end of the mounting plate 35 is provided with a secondary pressure roller 36 that cooperates with the main pressure roller 27. The secondary pressure roller 36 is smaller than the main pressure roller bracket 26. The surfaces of the main pressure roller 27 and the secondary pressure roller 36 of the flattening and limiting unit 9 are both covered with a wear-resistant ceramic coating with a thickness of 0.5-1.2 mm. The ceramic coating surface has anti-slip textures to improve the friction coefficient and service life of the contact surface between the pressure roller and the workpiece.
[0040] The lower end of the operating table 3 has two limiting grooves 37, and the upper end of the base 5 is provided with two limiting protrusions 38 that correspond one-to-one with each of the limiting grooves 37 and cooperate with each of the limiting protrusions 38. The operating table 3 is placed on the base 5 and is limited by each of the limiting grooves 37 and each of the limiting protrusions 38.
[0041] Both ends of the operating platform 3 are equipped with lifting rings 39.
[0042] The base 5 has a weight-reducing opening 50 in the middle section, and a box door 51 is provided on both sides of the base 5. Each box door 51 has a handle 52 on the base 5 above it.
[0043] The positioning unit 8 includes a positioning part 53 connected to the operating table 3. An adjustment component 55 is provided on the outer side of the positioning part 53. A support part 56 is provided on the upper half of the adjustment component 55. A plurality of clamping parts 57 are provided at the lower end of the support part 56 to cooperate with the upper surface of the operating table 3. The clamping parts 57 are spherical. The clamping parts 57 of the positioning unit 8 have built-in pressure sensors. The pressure sensors are electrically connected to the equipment control system. When the pressure of the clamping parts 57 on the workpiece to be welded is lower than a preset threshold, the control system issues an alarm signal and suspends the welding operation to ensure the reliability of positioning and clamping.
[0044] Each of the operating tables 3 is provided with several positioning units 8; both sides of the operating table 3 are provided with sliding grooves 58, and the upper surface of the operating table 3 is provided with several parallel heat dissipation grooves, the depth of which is 3-5mm, the width of which is 2-4mm, and the spacing between adjacent heat dissipation grooves is 15-20mm, which are used to quickly dissipate the heat transferred from the workpiece to the operating table during the welding process and reduce the impact of thermal deformation; the inner side of the positioning part 53 is located in the sliding groove 58 and can slide along the length of the sliding groove 58; The adjustment component 55 includes a connecting part 59. The inner side of the lower half of the connecting part 59 is connected to the outer end of the positioning part 53. The upper half of the connecting part 59 is threaded with a first clamping screw 60. The inner end of the first clamping screw 60 is rotatably connected to a clamping block 61. The inner side of the clamping block 61 is provided with a plurality of anti-slip protrusions 62 made of rubber. The outer side of the clamping block 61 is provided with two guide posts 63. Each guide post 63 slides through the connecting part 59. The first clamping screw 60 drives the clamping block 61 to fit against the operating table 3 and positions the positioning unit 8. A rotating part 65 is rotatably provided at the upper end of the connecting part 59. The outer side of the rotating part 65 is connected to the support part 56. A second clamping screw 69 is inserted into the rotating part 65. An extension groove 66 is provided at the upper end of the connecting part 59. A rubber pad 68 is provided in the extension groove 66. A clamping head 67 is rotatably provided at the lower end of the second clamping screw 69. The clamping head 67 is sent into the extension groove 66 and pressed against the rubber pad 68 by screwing in the second clamping screw 69, thereby positioning the rotating part 65.
[0045] The optimal working principle of this invention is as follows: The equipment is positioned and the operating table mounting base 5 is moved to the working position via the bottom brake wheel 6. The brake wheel 6 is locked to fix the base 5. The operating table 3 is positioned on the base 5 by engaging with the upper limiting boss 38 of the base 5 via the lower limiting groove 37. If the operating table 3 needs to be moved, it can be operated using the lifting rings 39 at its left and right ends and can be hung on a crane. The positioning part 53 of the workpiece positioning and fixing unit 8 slides along the sliding grooves 58 on both sides of the operating table 3 to adjust it to a position that matches the size of the workpiece. The screw adjustment group is then screwed on. The first clamping screw 60 of part 55 drives the clamping block 61 to fit against the workpiece. The positioning unit 8 is positioned by the anti-slip protrusion 62. The direction of the support part 56 is adjusted by rotating the rotating part 65. When it is necessary to position the workpiece to be processed, the support part 56 is rotated to a position directly below the workpiece by rotating the rotating part 65. Then positioning can be performed. Specifically, the positioning is as follows: the second clamping screw 69 is screwed in, so that the clamping head 67 presses against the rubber pad 68 in the extension groove 66, and the rotating part 65 is fixed. The ball-shaped clamping part 57 at the lower end of the support 56 fits into the operating table 3, positioning the workpiece between the clamping part 57 and the operating table 3. The flattening and limiting unit 9 is installed on the connecting beam 12 along with the motion assembly. The positioning seat 21 is connected to the positioning plate 23 through the connecting column 22. The main pressure roller bracket 26 at the lower end of the positioning plate 23 drives the main pressure roller 27 to approach the workpiece surface. The extension seat 28 is fixed to the positioning plate 23 with screws. The guide rod 30 runs along the guide seat 2. 9. Sliding mechanism: Upper spring 31 and lower spring 32 provide elastic cushioning, allowing the auxiliary pressure roller 36 to connect with the guide rod 30 via the mounting plate 35 and cooperate with the main pressure roller 27 to press the workpiece from both sides, preventing welding deformation. The motor inside the welding machine housing 20 starts, driving the lead screw inside the crossbeam 11 to rotate. The slide on the lead screw moves along the guide rail, which is located inside the crossbeam 11. The slide extends through the opening 80 at the lower end of the crossbeam 11, driving the stirring assembly 2 and the flattening and limiting unit 9 to move along the length of the connecting beam 12. During movement, the stirring assembly 2 performs stirring friction welding on the workpiece, while the flattening and limiting unit 9 follows synchronously, continuously flattening and limiting the perimeter of the welding area to ensure welding accuracy.
[0046] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concept of the present invention without creative effort. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation on the basis of existing technology should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims
1. A friction stir welding apparatus, characterized in that: Including rack (1); The stirring assembly (2) is located below the frame (1) and is supported by the operating table (3); The operating table (3) is located below the stirring assembly (2) and is used to support the workpiece to be welded; The base (5) is detachably connected to the operating table (3), and brake wheels (6) are provided at the four corners of the bottom. A motion component is used to control the synchronous movement of the stirring component (2) and the flattening limiting unit (9); A positioning unit (8) is provided on the operating table (3) for positioning the workpiece to be welded; The flattening and limiting unit (9) is mounted on the frame (1) and is driven by the motion component together with the stirring assembly (2).
2. The friction stir welding equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring assembly (2) includes a stirring head drive motor, a stirring shaft and a stirring head. The stirring head drive motor is fixed at the lower end of the slide. The upper end of the stirring shaft is connected to the output end of the stirring head drive motor. The lower end of the stirring shaft is detachably connected to the stirring head. The stirring head is made of tungsten alloy and has spiral stirring teeth on its surface. The brake wheel (6) adopts a universal wheel structure and is equipped with a foot-operated brake locking mechanism. The wheel surface of the brake wheel (6) is made of polyurethane. The frame (1) includes four columns (10). The upper ends of two columns (10) on the same side are connected by a crossbeam (11). The two ends of the connecting beam (12) are connected to the two crossbeams (11) respectively. A reinforcing block (16) is provided at the angle between the connecting beam (12) and each of the crossbeams (11). The reinforcing block (16) is forged from a whole piece of steel plate and is fixed to the connecting beam (12) and the crossbeam (11) by welding. The welding is done with fillet weld and the weld height is not less than 8mm. The connecting beam (12) is hollow. The motion component is installed in the connecting beam (12) and can move along the length of the connecting beam (12). The stirring component (2) and the flattening limiting unit (9) are both driven by the motion component.
3. The friction stir welding equipment as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The motion assembly includes a lead screw rotatably disposed within the crossbeam (11), a slide block disposed on the lead screw, the slide block sliding on a guide rail located within the crossbeam (11), the slide block extending out of the crossbeam through an opening (80) at the lower end of the crossbeam (11), and connected to the flattening limiting unit (9) and the stirring assembly (2), a housing (20) disposed on one side of the frame (1), a motor disposed within the housing (20), the output end of the motor being used to drive the lead screw to rotate; The motion component also includes a grating ruler positioning module, which is installed inside the crossbeam (11) and connected to the slide block to detect the movement position of the slide block in real time.
4. The friction stir welding equipment as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The flattening limiting unit (9) includes a positioning seat (21). The cross-section of the positioning seat (21) gradually increases from top to bottom. The upper end of the positioning seat (21) is connected to the slide. The lower end of the positioning seat (21) is provided with two connecting columns (22). The lower end of each connecting column (22) is simultaneously connected to the upper end of the positioning plate (23). The lower end of the positioning plate (23) is provided with two main pressure roller brackets (26). Each main pressure roller bracket (26) is rotatably provided with a main pressure roller (27).
5. The friction stir welding equipment as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The flattening limiting unit (9) also includes several extension seats (28), each extension seat (28) is clamped on the positioning plate (23) and fixed by screws. Each extension seat (28) is provided with a guide seat (29), each guide seat (29) is provided with a guide rod (30), and each guide rod (30) is provided with an upper spring (31) and a lower spring (32). Each upper spring (31) and each lower spring (32) are located on both sides of the guide seat (29). The upper end of the guide rod (30) is threaded with a top cover (33), and the lower end of the guide rod (30) is provided with a mounting plate (35). The lower end of the mounting plate (35) is provided with a secondary pressure roller (36) that works with the main pressure roller (27). The secondary pressure roller (36) is smaller than the main pressure roller bracket (26). The surfaces of the main pressure roller (27) and the secondary pressure roller (36) of the flattening limiting unit (9) are both covered with a wear-resistant ceramic coating with a thickness of 0.5-1.2 mm. Anti-slip textures are opened on the surface of the ceramic coating.
6. The friction stir welding equipment as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The lower end of the operating table (3) has two limiting grooves (37), and the upper end of the base (5) has two limiting bosses (38) that correspond one-to-one with each of the limiting grooves (37) and cooperate with each of the limiting bosses (38) for limiting. The operating table (3) is placed on the base (5) and is limited by each of the limiting grooves (37) and each of the limiting bosses (38).
7. The friction stir welding apparatus as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The operating table (3) is equipped with lifting rings (39) at both the left and right ends.
8. The friction stir welding apparatus as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The base (5) has a weight reduction opening (50) in the middle section, and a box door (51) is provided on both sides of the base (5). Each box door (51) has a handle (52) on the base (5) above it.
9. The friction stir welding apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The positioning unit (8) includes a positioning part (53) connected to the operating table (3). An adjustment component (55) is provided on the outside of the positioning part (53). A support part (56) is provided on the upper half of the adjustment component (55). A plurality of abutting parts (57) are provided at the lower end of the support part (56) to cooperate with the upper surface of the operating table (3). The abutting parts (57) are spherical. The abutting parts (57) of the positioning unit (8) have built-in pressure sensors, and the pressure sensors are electrically connected to the equipment control system.
10. The friction stir welding apparatus as described in claim 9, characterized in that: Each of the operating tables (3) is provided with several positioning units (8); both sides of the operating table (3) are provided with sliding grooves (58); the upper surface of the operating table (3) is provided with several parallel heat dissipation grooves, the depth of the heat dissipation grooves is 3-5mm, the width is 2-4mm, and the distance between adjacent heat dissipation grooves is 15-20mm, which is used to quickly dissipate the heat transferred from the workpiece to the operating table during the welding process; the inner side of the positioning part (53) is located in the sliding groove (58) and can slide along the length direction of the sliding groove (58); The adjustment component (55) includes a connecting part (59). The inner side of the lower half of the connecting part (59) is connected to the outer end of the positioning part (53). The upper half of the connecting part (59) is threaded with a first clamping screw (60). The inner end of the first clamping screw (60) is rotatably connected to the clamping block (61). The inner side of the clamping block (61) is provided with several anti-slip ridges (62) made of rubber. The outer side of the clamping block (61) is provided with two guide posts (63). Each guide post (63) slides through the connecting part (59). The first clamping screw (60) drives the clamping block (61) to fit against the operating table (3) and positions the positioning unit (8). The upper end of the connecting part (59) is rotatably provided with a rotating part (65). The outer side of the rotating part (65) is connected to the support part (56). A second clamping screw (69) is inserted into the rotating part (65). An extension groove (66) is opened at the upper end of the connecting part (59). A rubber pad (68) is provided in the extension groove (66). A clamping head (67) is rotatably provided at the lower end of the second clamping screw (69). The clamping head (67) is sent into the extension groove (66) by screwing in the second clamping screw (69) and pressed against the rubber pad (68) to position the rotating part (65).