Metal material surface treatment method and application

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of metal material surface treatment, and particularly relates to a metal material surface treatment method which sequentially comprises the steps of cutting, stamping, primary cleaning, etching ink printing, chemical etching, mechanical polishing, electroplating, electrostatic spraying, printing and forming assembly. Wherein the electroplating sequentially comprises first electroplating and second electroplating, insulating varnish is further included between the first electroplating and the second electroplating, and paint removal is further included between the second electroplating and the electrostatic spraying. According to the invention, through optimization, combination and improvement of various process surface treatment modes, the original single metal surface treatment technology is made into a metal carved and printed metal material which is stable in quality, rich and colorful and delicate in process after the process flow is improved; the metal surface treatment agent can be applied to surface treatment of metal materials such as tinplate badges, metal marks, metal marks, metal meals, metal awards and metal souvenirs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of surface treatment of metal materials, and particularly relates to a method and application for surface treatment of metal materials. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, existing technologies for surface treatment of metal materials typically include spraying, electroplating, oxidation, etching, printing, and stamping. However, these methods and processes usually offer limited effects, are technically simple, and produce crude products that fail to meet consumers' increasingly sophisticated demands for product quality, craftsmanship, and grade.

[0003] For example, in current metal etching processes, due to the etching depth and process limitations, some patterns and lines may retain sharp right angles left by the etched metal. The presence of these sharp right angles not only affects the product's surface aesthetics but also poses a risk of cutting human skin.

[0004] Therefore, a new surface treatment method for metallic materials needs to be developed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems in the prior art, this invention provides a method and application for surface treatment of metal materials. Through the optimization and improvement of various surface treatment processes, the originally single metal surface treatment technology, after process improvement, produces metal engraving and printing materials with stable quality, rich variety, and exquisite craftsmanship. It can be applied to the surface treatment of metal materials such as tin badges, metal signs, metal logos, metal medals, metal certificates, and metal souvenirs.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

[0007] According to a first aspect of the present invention: a method for surface treatment of a metal material, comprising, in sequence, cutting, stamping, first cleaning, printing etching ink, chemical etching, mechanical polishing, electroplating, electrostatic spraying, printing, and forming assembly;

[0008] Electroplating includes a first electroplating and a second electroplating. Between the first and second electroplating, an insulating varnish is applied. Between the second electroplating and electrostatic spraying, paint removal is also included.

[0009] Further, cutting involves cutting the metal material to the dimensions to be processed;

[0010] Stamping is the process of using a die to punch positioning holes in the metal material to be processed;

[0011] After printing and etching ink, drying is also required. The drying temperature is 150℃-155℃ and the drying time is 30min-32min.

[0012] Furthermore, the chemical etching rate is 0.14 mm / min - 0.15 mm / min.

[0013] Furthermore, the first electroplating adopts a rack plating method of cathode metal deposition, which includes degreasing, dewaxing, pre-plating of alkaline copper and electroplating of copper pyrophosphate in sequence.

[0014] The pre-plating time for alkaline copper was 3-4 minutes, the electroplating time for copper pyrophosphate was 5-6 minutes, the pH value was 8.2-8.8, the temperature was 30℃-45℃, and the cathode current density was 0.3 A / dm³. 2 -2.5A / dm 2 .

[0015] Furthermore, the second electroplating process sequentially includes electroplating copper pyrophosphate, electroplating bright copper sulfate, electroplating bright nickel, and electroplating metallic color.

[0016] The electroplating conditions for bright copper sulfate are a temperature of 20℃-35℃ and a cathode current density of 1A / dm²-6A / dm².

[0017] The electroplating conditions for bright nickel plating solution are: temperature 50℃-65℃, pH value 3.5-4.5, cathode current density 2.2A / dm²-10.5A / dm², and air agitation.

[0018] Furthermore, the insulating varnish is applied to the recessed areas of the metal material after the first electroplating using computer-controlled painting equipment.

[0019] Furthermore, an alkaline paint remover is used for paint removal. The pH value of the paint remover is 10-12, the concentration of the paint remover is 10mL / L-15mL / L, and the soaking time for paint removal is 1min-1.5min.

[0020] Furthermore, the electrostatic spraying uses an antioxidant nano-SiO2 varnish with a coating thickness of 0.04mm-0.06mm. After electrostatic spraying, the coating is dried at a temperature of 150℃-155℃ for 25min-30min.

[0021] Furthermore, printing includes screen printing, pad printing, and UV printing.

[0022] According to a second aspect of the present invention, an application of a surface treatment method for metal materials is provided, wherein the above-described surface treatment method for metal materials is applied to the treatment of tin badges, metal signs, metal logos, metal medals, metal certificates and metal souvenirs.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0024] (1) This invention combines a first electroplating and a second electroplating process. After the first electroplating provides the metal material with rust-proof properties, insulating varnish is applied to cover the recessed areas of the metal material to make it insulated. Then, a second electroplating is used to electroplat the protruding parts of the metal material that have not been coated with insulating varnish. The electroplated metal deposits cover and conceal the sharp right angles remaining after etching, making the edges of the electroplated pattern change from sharp angles to obtuse angles, resulting in a smooth transition without sharp corners. This prevents the deposition of metal in the recessed areas during the second electroplating, which would reduce the pattern depth, and also thickens the metal deposition on the protruding parts of the pattern, increasing the depth of the concavity and convexity to enhance the three-dimensionality of the pattern. This makes the product surface both aesthetically pleasing and reduces the risk of cutting human skin.

[0025] (2) Mechanical polishing after chemical etching can smooth out most of the burrs of the high and low patterns and lines caused by etching, thus improving the efficiency of the second electroplating. Electrostatic spraying of metal materials with anti-oxidation nano-SiO varnish can make the surface of metal materials dustproof, waterproof, acid-resistant, alkali-resistant, UV-resistant, and rust-proof.

[0026] (3) The metal material with a smooth, textured, three-dimensional 2D pattern produced by the metal material surface treatment method of the present invention is different from the process defects of traditional etching processes, such as sharp lines, stiff patterns, and rough feel. It significantly improves the process quality of metal material surface treatment in terms of texture, feel, and visual appeal. It retains the advantages of tinplate material, such as light weight, low cost, ease of use, and mass production capability, while also solving the physical defects of tinplate material, such as rust resistance, oxidation resistance, acid mist, and alkaline corrosion. It is a new technology that both enhances the aesthetics of metal and improves its physical defects. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To better explain and facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below through specific embodiments.

[0028] To illustrate the solution and technological advancement of this invention, the designed technical solution and its application are as follows:

[0029] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a method for surface treatment of a metal material includes, in sequence, cutting, stamping, first cleaning, printing etching ink, chemical etching, mechanical polishing, electroplating, electrostatic spraying, printing, and forming assembly.

[0030] Electroplating includes a first electroplating and a second electroplating. Between the first and second electroplating, an insulating varnish is applied. Between the second electroplating and electrostatic spraying, paint removal is also included.

[0031] Preferably, cutting involves cutting the metal material to the size to be processed;

[0032] Stamping is the process of using a die to punch positioning holes in the metal material to be processed;

[0033] After printing and etching ink, drying is also required. The drying temperature is 150℃-155℃ and the drying time is 30min-32min.

[0034] Preferably, the chemical etching rate is 0.14 mm / min to 0.15 mm / min.

[0035] Preferably, the first electroplating adopts a rack plating method of cathode metal deposition, which includes degreasing, dewaxing, pre-plating of alkaline copper and electroplating of copper pyrophosphate in sequence;

[0036] The pre-plating time for alkaline copper was 3-4 minutes, the electroplating time for copper pyrophosphate was 5-6 minutes, the pH value was 8.2-8.8, the temperature was 30℃-45℃, and the cathode current density was 0.3 A / dm³. 2 -2.5A / dm 2 .

[0037] Preferably, the second electroplating process sequentially includes electroplating copper pyrophosphate, electroplating bright copper sulfate, electroplating bright nickel, and electroplating metallic color.

[0038] The electroplating conditions for bright copper sulfate are a temperature of 20℃-35℃ and a cathode current density of 1A / dm²-6A / dm².

[0039] The electroplating conditions for bright nickel plating solution are: temperature 50℃-65℃, pH value 3.5-4.5, cathode current density 2.2A / dm²-10.5A / dm², and air agitation.

[0040] Preferably, the insulating varnish is applied to the recessed areas of the metal material after the first electroplating using a computer-controlled painting device.

[0041] Preferably, an alkaline paint remover is used for paint removal, with a pH value of 10-12, a concentration of 10mL / L-15mL / L, and a soaking time of 1min-1.5min.

[0042] Preferably, the electrostatic spraying uses an antioxidant nano-SiO2 varnish with a coating thickness of 0.04mm-0.06mm, and the coating is dried at 150℃-155℃ for 25min-30min after electrostatic spraying.

[0043] Preferably, printing includes screen printing, pad printing, and UV printing.

[0044] Through the above technical solution, in this invention:

[0045] (1) This invention combines a first electroplating and a second electroplating process. After the first electroplating provides the metal material with rust-proof properties, insulating varnish is applied to cover the recessed areas of the metal material to make it insulated. Then, a second electroplating is used to electroplat the protruding parts of the metal material that have not been coated with insulating varnish. The electroplated metal deposits cover and conceal the sharp right angles remaining after etching, making the edges of the electroplated pattern change from sharp angles to obtuse angles, resulting in a smooth transition without sharp corners. This prevents the deposition of metal in the recessed areas during the second electroplating, which would reduce the pattern depth, and also thickens the metal deposition on the protruding parts of the pattern, increasing the depth of the concavity and convexity to enhance the three-dimensionality of the pattern. This makes the product surface both aesthetically pleasing and reduces the risk of cutting human skin.

[0046] (2) Mechanical polishing after chemical etching can smooth out most of the burrs of the high and low patterns and lines caused by etching, thus improving the efficiency of the second electroplating. Electrostatic spraying of metal materials with anti-oxidation nano-SiO varnish can make the surface of metal materials dustproof, waterproof, acid-resistant, alkali-resistant, UV-resistant, and rust-proof.

[0047] According to a second aspect of the present invention, an application of a surface treatment method for metal materials is provided, wherein the above-described surface treatment method for metal materials is applied to the treatment of tin badges, metal signs, metal logos, metal medals, metal certificates and metal souvenirs.

[0048] Specifically, when using the metal surface treatment method of the present invention, the metal material is not limited to tinplate and the applied products are not limited to badges, metal signs, metal logos, metal medals, metal certificates and metal souvenirs. As long as the processing steps or combinations of steps of the present invention can be used to solve the problem of sharp right angles, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0049] Through the above technical solution, the metal surface treatment method of this invention produces metal materials with smooth, textured, three-dimensional 2D patterns. This differs from the defects of traditional etching processes, such as sharp lines, rigid patterns, and rough texture. It significantly improves the quality of metal surface treatment in terms of texture, feel, and visual appeal. While retaining the advantages of tinplate such as light weight, low cost, ease of use, and mass production capability, it also solves the physical defects of tinplate, such as poor rust resistance, oxidation resistance, acid mist, and alkaline corrosion. It is a new technology that both enhances the aesthetics of metal and improves its physical defects.

[0050] Example

[0051] An embodiment of a surface treatment method for metallic materials and its application.

[0052] A surface treatment method for metallic materials specifically includes the following steps:

[0053] Cutting: Cutting metal materials to the appropriate size for electroplating and etching equipment;

[0054] Stamping: Using a die to punch positioning holes in the cut metal material to facilitate positioning during subsequent processing;

[0055] First cleaning: The stamped metal material is cleaned and dried to remove oil, rust, and dirt. For oil removal, the following high-temperature alkaline degreasing solution formula and treatment can be used: 20g / L of high-efficiency alkaline degreasing powder, degreasing temperature 60℃-80℃, stir and soak for 5 minutes, then rinse with clean water and dry.

[0056] Etching Ink Printing: After the first cleaning, the metal material is positioned and etched with etching ink, printing graphics, lines, and text according to product design requirements. Then, it is baked at 150℃-155℃ for 30-32 minutes to dry the ink and enhance its adhesion to the metal surface.

[0057] Chemical etching: The metal material after printing etching ink is placed in a chemical etching bath for etching. The depth of the etched pattern is controlled by the etching rate, which is 0.14 mm / min-0.15 mm / min.

[0058] Mechanical polishing: Mechanical polishing is used to smooth out most of the burrs and burrs caused by etching of patterns and lines.

[0059] First electroplating: After mechanical polishing, the metal material is degreased and dewaxed, then pre-plated with alkaline copper for 3-4 minutes using a cathode metal deposition rack plating method. This is followed by plating at a pH of 8.2-8.8, a temperature of 30℃-45℃, and a cathode current density of 0.3 A / dm³. 2 -2.5A / dm 2 Under certain conditions, copper pyrophosphate is electroplated for 5-6 minutes to achieve rust prevention for the metal material. The pre-plating alkaline copper can be done using cyanide-free alkaline steel solution, whose components include 120-180 g / L hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid, 12-20 g / L basic copper carbonate or 25-45 g / L copper sulfate, 30-40 g / L potassium hydroxide, 25-40 g / L trisodium citrate or tripotassium citrate or 25-40 g / L potassium sodium tartrate, and 4-6 g / L potassium nitrate. The potassium pyrophosphate copper plating solution consists of 60-80 g / L copper pyrophosphate, 280-380 g / L potassium pyrophosphate, 280-300 g / L potassium citrate, 10-20 g / L potassium sodium tartrate, 15-20 g / L aminotriacetic acid, 30-40 g / L disodium hydrogen phosphate, 15-20 g / L potassium nitrate, and 2-3 mL / L ammonia.

[0060] Applying insulating varnish: Computerized painting equipment is used to apply varnish to the recessed areas of the metal material after the first electroplating. This ensures that the recessed patterns on the metal material are insulated by the varnish film, preventing the deposition of the electroplated metal layer. The raised patterns can then undergo a second electroplating process, covering the sharp corners of the metal with plating to create obtuse angles and producing smooth lines and graphics.

[0061] The second electroplating process involves sequentially electroplating the metal material after applying insulating varnish with copper pyrophosphate, bright copper sulfate, bright nickel, and a metallic color. First, copper pyrophosphate is plated as a base to enhance the adhesion of the second plating layer. The bright copper sulfate solution comprises 180-240 g / L copper sulfate, 27-38 mL / L sulfuric acid, and 70-140 mg / L ammonium ions. The plating conditions are a temperature of 20℃-35℃ and a cathode current density of 1 A / dm²-6 A / dm². The bright nickel plating solution comprises 180-250 g / L nickel sulfate, 60-80 g / L nickel chloride, and 35-40 g / L boric acid. The plating conditions are a temperature of 50℃-65℃, a pH of 3.5-4.5, a cathode current density of 2.2 A / dm²-10.5 A / dm², and air agitation. For example, a bronze-like gold plating solution is used. The plating solution consists of 28-30 g / L cuprous cyanide, 60-65 g / L sodium cyanide, 7-8 g / L zinc cyanide, 6-8 g / L sodium potassium tartrate, 8-12 g / L copper hydroxide, and 1.5-2.5 g / L sodium stannate. The plating conditions are: room temperature, pH 10-12, current density 0.5 A / dm²-1.2 A / dm², and plating time 60 s. For gunmetal plating, the solution components include 40-60 g / L nickel chloride, 4-12 g / L stannous pyrophosphate, 180-250 g / L potassium pyrophosphate, and 5-6 g / L methionine. The plating conditions are: pH 8.5-9.5, temperature 45℃-55℃, current density 1 A / dm²-2 A / dm², and plating time 1 min.

[0062] Paint stripping: The metal material with raised and recessed patterns after the second electroplating is stripped of its paint. After stripping, it is cleaned and dried. An alkaline paint stripper is used, with a pH of 10-12 and a concentration of 10-15 mL / L. The soaking time for stripping is 1-1.5 minutes.

[0063] Electrostatic spraying: The metal material after paint stripping is sent to the electrostatic spraying workshop for anti-oxidation nano-SiO2 varnish spraying. The spraying thickness is 0.04mm-0.06mm. After electrostatic spraying, it is dried at a temperature of 150℃-155℃ for 25min-30min, so that the surface of the metal material achieves functions such as dustproof, waterproof, acid-resistant, alkali-resistant, UV-resistant, and rust-proof.

[0064] Printing: The electrostatically sprayed metal material is sent to a mold with a positioning device, and color patterns and text are printed by screen printing, pad printing or UV printing according to the design;

[0065] Forming and assembly: The pre-printed metal materials are positioned, cut, and stamped according to the design requirements, shape, and size of various tin badges, metal signs, metal logos, metal medals, metal certificates, and metal souvenirs, and finally assembled into products.

[0066] Through the above embodiments, a metal material with a smooth, textured 2D pattern was produced. This material has a delicate texture, a smooth feel without sharp edges, and visually exhibits a strong sense of depth and three-dimensionality. This differs from the shortcomings of traditional etching processes, such as sharp lines, rigid patterns, and a rough feel, and also from processes that merely print on a flat metal surface, which lack tactile and visual texture. In other words, the metal material treated by this invention exhibits significantly improved surface treatment quality in terms of texture, feel, and visual appeal.

[0067] In summary, through the technical solution of this invention, the optimization and combination of various surface treatment methods have enabled the originally single metal surface treatment technology to produce metal engraving and printing materials with stable quality, rich variety, and exquisite craftsmanship after the process is improved. These materials can be applied to the surface treatment of metal materials such as tin badges, metal signs, metal logos, metal medals, metal certificates, and metal souvenirs.

[0068] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for surface treatment of metallic materials, characterized in that: The process includes, in sequence, cutting, stamping, first cleaning, printing etching ink, chemical etching, mechanical polishing, electroplating, electrostatic spraying, printing, and forming assembly; Electroplating includes a first electroplating and a second electroplating. Between the first and second electroplating, an insulating varnish is applied. Between the second electroplating and electrostatic spraying, paint removal is also included.

2. The surface treatment method for metal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: Cutting involves cutting metal materials to the dimensions required for processing. Stamping is the process of using a die to punch positioning holes in the metal material to be processed; After printing and etching ink, drying is also required. The drying temperature is 150℃-155℃ and the drying time is 30min-32min.

3. The surface treatment method for metallic materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: The chemical etching rate is 0.14 mm / min - 0.15 mm / min.

4. The surface treatment method for metallic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first electroplating process uses a rack plating method with cathode metal deposition, which includes degreasing, dewaxing, pre-plating with alkaline copper, and electroplating with copper pyrophosphate in sequence. The pre-plating time for alkaline copper was 3-4 minutes, the electroplating time for copper pyrophosphate was 5-6 minutes, the pH value was 8.2-8.8, the temperature was 30℃-45℃, and the cathode current density was 0.3 A / dm³. 2 -2.5A / dm 2 .

5. The surface treatment method for metallic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second electroplating process includes electroplating copper pyrophosphate, electroplating bright copper sulfate, electroplating bright nickel, and electroplating metallic color. The electroplating conditions for bright copper sulfate are a temperature of 20℃-35℃ and a cathode current density of 1A / dm²-6A / dm². The electroplating conditions for bright nickel plating solution are: temperature 50℃-65℃, pH value 3.5-4.5, cathode current density 2.2A / dm²-10.5A / dm², and air agitation.

6. The surface treatment method for metallic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: Applying insulating varnish involves using computer-controlled painting equipment to paint the recessed areas of the metal material after the first electroplating.

7. The surface treatment method for metallic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The paint stripping process uses an alkaline paint stripper with a pH of 10-12 and a concentration of 10 mL / L-15 mL / L. The soaking time for paint stripping is 1 min-1.5 min.

8. The surface treatment method for metallic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrostatic spraying uses an antioxidant nano-SiO2 varnish with a coating thickness of 0.04mm-0.06mm. After electrostatic spraying, the coating is dried at 150℃-155℃ for 25min-30min.

9. A method for surface treatment of metallic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: Printing includes screen printing, pad printing, and UV printing.

10. An application of a surface treatment method for metallic materials, characterized in that: The surface treatment method for metal materials according to any one of claims 1-9 is applied to the treatment of tin badges, metal signs, metal logos, metal medals, metal certificates and metal souvenirs.