Large-view-field space detection optical lens
By designing a large field-of-view space exploration optical lens and using a combination of multiple positive and negative meniscus lenses and convex lenses, the problems of small imaging field of view, low resolution, and large distortion in the existing technology have been solved, achieving high resolution, low distortion, and low chromatic aberration imaging effects, and supporting mass production.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-13
AI Technical Summary
Existing space exploration optical lenses cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of a large imaging field of view, high-definition imaging resolution, low image distortion, and good image plane blur pattern.
A large field-of-view space exploration optical lens was designed, including a front lens group, an aperture stop, and a rear lens group. By cooperating with multiple positive and negative meniscus lenses and multiple convex lenses, the number of lenses is reduced, achieving miniaturization and weight reduction of the lens. The light throughput is adjusted by the aperture stop, and the rear lens group magnifies the intermediate image and corrects aberrations.
It achieves imaging effects with a large field of view, low chromatic aberration, low distortion, and high resolution. The spot radius is less than 5μm, the chromatic aberration is less than 2.5μm, and the relative distortion is less than 3%. It is suitable for a variety of high-definition detectors and supports mass production.
Smart Images
Figure CN121657253A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of imaging lens technology, and in particular to a large field-of-view spatial exploration optical lens. Background Technology
[0002] With the increasing frequency of human space activities, the number of small, high-speed targets such as space debris is also increasing. After years of development, people can now use various ground-based and space-based methods to detect and track larger space targets. These methods are characterized by high precision and high reliability and are currently widely used in space missions.
[0003] Limited by the development of hardware systems and software algorithms, the field of view of domestically developed sensors in the field of space exploration is currently not large. Various space exploration optical lenses based on existing technologies cannot simultaneously achieve performance indicators such as a large imaging field of view, high imaging resolution, low image distortion, and good image plane speckle morphology. With the rapid development of my country's aerospace technology, higher technical requirements are being placed on the detection accuracy of space exploration sensors. Therefore, designing a large field-of-view space exploration optical lens is of great significance for space tracking and targeting, and space target detection.
[0004] The statements herein provide only background information in relation to this invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a large field-of-view space exploration optical lens, which aims to solve the problem that existing space exploration optical lenses cannot simultaneously satisfy the requirements of a large imaging field of view, high imaging resolution, low image distortion, and good image plane blur pattern.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a large field-of-view space exploration optical lens, comprising: Along the direction of light incidence, that is, from the object side to the image side, the front lens group, the aperture, the rear lens group, and the image plane are arranged in sequence. The front lens group filters incident light waves, corrects field curvature, and forms an intermediate image; the aperture controls the light flux by adjusting its relative aperture; the rear lens group magnifies the intermediate image, corrects aberrations, and forms the final image; the image plane performs optical imaging on the final image. The front lens group includes: The first filter, the first negative meniscus lens, the first biconvex lens, and the second biconvex lens are arranged sequentially from the distance from the aperture stop to the distance from the aperture stop; the first filter is used to filter the wavelength of the incident light; The rear lens group includes: A first biconcave lens, a third biconvex lens, a fourth biconvex lens, a first positive meniscus lens, a second negative meniscus lens, a second positive meniscus lens, a third negative meniscus lens, and a second filter are arranged sequentially from the aperture to the image plane.
[0007] Optionally, the distance between the front lens group and the rear lens group is 3.79mm-4.13mm.
[0008] Optionally, the distance between the front lens group and the aperture stop is 2.93mm-3.21mm.
[0009] Optionally, the distance between the aperture stop and the rear lens group is 0.86mm-0.92mm.
[0010] Optionally, the distance between the first filter and the first negative meniscus lens is 0.33mm-0.67mm; the distance between the first negative meniscus lens and the first biconvex lens is 6.85mm-8.01mm; the distance between the first biconvex lens and the second biconvex lens is 16.53mm-21.35mm; and the distance between the second biconvex lens and the aperture stop is 2.93mm-3.21mm.
[0011] Optionally, the distance between the first biconcave lens and the third biconvex lens is 0.46mm-0.84mm; the distance between the third biconvex lens and the fourth biconvex lens is 0.07mm-0.13mm; the distance between the fourth biconvex lens and the first positive meniscus lens is 0.07mm-0.13mm; the distance between the first positive meniscus lens and the second negative meniscus lens is 0.07mm-0.13mm; the distance between the second negative meniscus lens and the second positive meniscus lens is 1.39mm-2.11mm; the distance between the second positive meniscus lens and the third negative meniscus lens is 3.32mm-5.06mm; the distance between the third negative meniscus lens and the second filter is 1.22mm-1.78mm; and the distance between the first biconcave lens and the aperture stop is 0.86mm-0.92mm.
[0012] Optionally, the first filter, the first negative meniscus lens, the first biconvex lens, and the second biconvex lens are all spherical lenses.
[0013] Optionally, the first biconcave lens, the third biconvex lens, the fourth biconvex lens, the first positive meniscus lens, the second negative meniscus lens, the second positive meniscus lens, the third negative meniscus lens, and the second filter are all spherical lenses.
[0014] Optionally, the optical lens has an optical transfer function greater than 0.55 at a half field of view of 30° and a spatial frequency of 50 lp / mm.
[0015] Optionally, the optical lens has a relative distortion value of less than 3%, a spot radius of less than 5μm, a chromatic aberration value of less than 2.5μm, and an edge relative illuminance of greater than 60% at a half field of view of 30°.
[0016] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention provides a large field-of-view space exploration optical lens, which reduces the number of lenses used in the front lens group and reduces the difficulty of aberration correction in the rear lens group by cooperating with multiple positive and negative meniscus lenses and multiple concave and convex lenses, thereby achieving miniaturization and weight reduction of the lens.
[0017] 2. The present invention provides a large field-of-view space exploration optical lens, which has the characteristics of circular spot, large field of view, low chromatic aberration, low distortion, high resolution, and small deviation in the shape of spot in each field of view. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the composition of the optical lens of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a graph showing the optical transfer function of the optical lens of the present invention; Figure 3 The field curvature diagram and distortion diagram of the optical lens of the present invention are shown. Figure 4 This is a dot diagram of the optical lens of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a chromatic aberration diagram of the optical lens of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a relative illumination diagram of the optical lens of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The following will be combined with the appendix Figures 1-6 The present invention will be further described in detail through preferred embodiments. The advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer from the following description. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, only for the purpose of conveniently and clearly illustrating the embodiments of the present invention. Please refer to the accompanying drawings to make the objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable. It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to limit the implementation conditions of the present invention. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportional relationships, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives achieved by the present invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention.
[0020] This invention provides a large field-of-view space exploration optical lens, such as... Figure 1 As shown, this large field-of-view space exploration optical lens includes: a front lens group 10, an aperture 80, a rear lens group 20, and an image plane 90, arranged sequentially along the direction of light incidence, i.e., from the left (object side) to the right (image side) as shown in the diagram. The front lens group 10 is the part of the optical system closest to the object side, and has the function of filtering incident light waves, correcting field curvature, and forming an intermediate image; the aperture 80 is used to control the light flux, which can be achieved by adjusting the relative aperture of the aperture 80; the rear lens group 20 has the function of magnifying the intermediate image, further correcting aberrations, and forming the final image; the image plane 90 is used for optical imaging.
[0021] The air gap between the front lens group 10 and the rear lens group 20 is 3.79mm-4.13mm. Further, the air gap between the front lens group 10 and the aperture 80 is 2.93mm-3.21mm; and the air gap between the aperture 80 and the rear lens group 20 is 0.86mm-0.92mm.
[0022] The front lens group 10 includes: on the object side, a first filter 31, a first negative meniscus lens 41, a first biconvex lens 61, and a second biconvex lens 62 arranged sequentially from away from the aperture stop 80 to near the aperture stop 80; the first filter 31 is used to filter the wavelength of the incident light; the first negative meniscus lens 41 gathers the large-angle incident light rays from the first filter 31 and preliminarily corrects the field curvature; the first biconvex lens 61 is used to provide optical power and control spherical aberration; the second biconvex lens 62 works in conjunction with the first biconvex lens 61 to compensate for chromatic aberration and astigmatism.
[0023] The air gap between the first filter 31 and the first negative meniscus lens 41 is 0.33mm-0.67mm; the air gap between the first negative meniscus lens 41 and the first biconvex lens 61 is 6.85mm-8.01mm; the air gap between the first biconvex lens 61 and the second biconvex lens 62 is 16.53mm-21.35mm; and the distance between the second biconvex lens 62 and the aperture stop 80 is 2.93mm-3.21mm.
[0024] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the first filter 31, the first negative meniscus lens 41, the first biconvex lens 61, and the second biconvex lens 62 are all spherical lenses. Further, the spherical lens is a high-transmittance spherical glass lens. Preferably, the spherical lens of the present invention is made of high-transmittance glass materials such as fused silica and calcium fluoride, and the average transmittance of the optical system is higher than 75% without coating.
[0025] The rear lens group 20 includes: a first biconcave lens 71 disposed near the aperture stop 80 and away from the second biconvex lens 62; a third biconvex lens 63 disposed on the side of the first biconcave lens 71 away from the aperture stop 80; a fourth biconvex lens 64 disposed on the side of the third biconvex lens 63 away from the aperture stop 90; a first positive meniscus lens 51 disposed on the side of the fourth biconvex lens 64 away from the aperture stop 80; a second negative meniscus lens 42 disposed on the side of the first positive meniscus lens 51 away from the aperture stop 80; a second positive meniscus lens 52 disposed on the side of the second negative meniscus lens 42 away from the aperture stop 80; a third negative meniscus lens 43 disposed on the side of the second positive meniscus lens 52 away from the aperture stop 80; and a second filter 32 disposed on the side of the third negative meniscus lens 43 away from the aperture stop 80 to control light intensity. Therefore, from the aperture stop 80 to the image plane 90, a first biconcave lens 71, a third biconvex lens 63, a fourth biconvex lens 64, a first positive meniscus lens 51, a second negative meniscus lens 42, a second positive meniscus lens 52, a third negative meniscus lens 43, and a second filter 32 are arranged in sequence.
[0026] The air gap between the first biconcave lens 71 and the third biconvex lens 63 is 0.46mm-0.84mm; the air gap between the third biconvex lens 63 and the fourth biconvex lens 64 is 0.07mm-0.13mm; the air gap between the fourth biconvex lens 64 and the first positive meniscus lens 51 is 0.07mm-0.13mm; the air gap between the first positive meniscus lens 51 and the second negative meniscus lens 42 is 0.07mm-0.13mm; the air gap between the second negative meniscus lens 42 and the second positive meniscus lens 52 is 1.39mm-2.11mm; the air gap between the second positive meniscus lens 52 and the third negative meniscus lens 43 is 3.32mm-5.06mm; the air gap between the third negative meniscus lens 43 and the second filter 32 is 1.22mm-1.78mm; and the distance between the first biconcave lens 71 and the aperture stop 80 is 0.86mm-0.92mm.
[0027] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the first biconcave lens 71, the third biconvex lens 63, the fourth biconvex lens 64, the first positive meniscus lens 51, the second negative meniscus lens 42, the second positive meniscus lens 52, the third negative meniscus lens 43, and the second filter 32 are all spherical lenses. Further, the spherical lenses are made of high-transmittance spherical glass lenses. Preferably, the spherical lenses of the present invention are made of high-transmittance glass materials such as fused silica and calcium fluoride, and the average transmittance of the optical system is higher than 75% without coating.
[0028] In a more specific embodiment, the air gap between the front lens group 10 and the rear lens group 20 is 3.96 mm. Specifically, the air gap between the front lens group 10 and the aperture 80 is 3.07 mm; the air gap between the aperture 80 and the rear lens group 20 is 0.89 mm. Further, the air gap between the first filter 31 and the first negative meniscus lens 41 is 0.5 mm; the air gap between the first negative meniscus lens 41 and the first biconvex lens 61 is 7.43 mm; the air gap between the first biconvex lens 61 and the second biconvex lens 62 is 18.94 mm; the air gap between the second biconvex lens 62 and the aperture 80 is 3.07 mm; the air gap between the aperture 80 and the first biconcave lens 71 is 0.89 mm; and the air gap between the first biconcave lens 71 and the third biconvex lens 63 is 0.65 mm. The air gap between the third biconvex lens 63 and the fourth biconvex lens 64 is 0.1 mm; the air gap between the fourth biconvex lens 64 and the first positive meniscus lens 51 is 0.1 mm; the air gap between the first positive meniscus lens 51 and the second negative meniscus lens 42 is 0.1 mm; the air gap between the second negative meniscus lens 42 and the second positive meniscus lens 52 is 1.75 mm; the air gap between the second positive meniscus lens 52 and the third negative meniscus lens 43 is 4.19 mm; and the air gap between the third negative meniscus lens 43 and the second filter 32 is 1.5 mm.
[0029] like Figure 2 As shown, the optical transfer function (MTF) of the large field-of-view spatial detection optical lens is greater than 0.55 at a half field of view of 30° and a spatial frequency of 50 lp / mm.
[0030] like Figure 3 The figures show the field curvature and relative distortion values of the large field-of-view space exploration optical lens. In the field curvature graph on the left, the vertical axis represents the half-field-of-view angle range, and the horizontal axis represents the field curvature value, showing that the field curvature value of the large field-of-view space exploration optical lens is less than 0.1 mm. In the relative distortion graph on the right, the vertical axis represents the half-field-of-view angle range, and the horizontal axis represents the relative distortion percentage, showing that the absolute value of the relative distortion of the large field-of-view space exploration optical lens does not exceed 3%.
[0031] like Figure 4 The image shown is a dot plot of the large field-of-view space exploration optical lens. It can be seen that the circularity of the image spot is very good, and the spot radius RMS is less than 5μm.
[0032] like Figure 5As shown, this is a chromatic aberration diagram of the large field-of-view space exploration optical lens. The vertical axis represents the half-field-of-view angle range, and the horizontal axis represents the chromatic aberration value. It shows that the absolute value of the chromatic aberration of the large field-of-view space exploration optical lens does not exceed 2.5μm at a half-field-of-view of 30°.
[0033] like Figure 6 As shown, this is the relative illumination diagram of the large field-of-view spatial detection optical lens. It can be seen that the relative illumination of the image plane remains uniform, and the relative illumination at the edge is greater than 60%.
[0034] In summary, the aforementioned large field-of-view space exploration optical lens has well-corrected aberrations and features optical transfer functions greater than 0.55 for each field of view, relative distortion less than 3%, good image spot circularity, and small chromatic aberration. Furthermore, the global surface lens configuration provides conditions for the mass production of this large field-of-view space exploration optical lens.
[0035] In addition, the wide field-of-view space exploration optical lens has the following optical specifications: 1) Large relative aperture: Where D is the entrance pupil diameter of the lens. The focal length of the lens; 2) Field of view: ,in It is a half field of view. 3) Spectral range: 500nm-800nm; 4) Resolution: Achieve imaging quality comparable to a 2 / 3-inch SmartSens 350 detector (3 megapixels, 4.2μm pixel imaging).
[0036] In summary, the large field-of-view space exploration optical lens provided by this invention has excellent performance such as circular spot, large field of view, low chromatic aberration, low distortion, high resolution, and small deviation in the shape of spot in each field of view; it can be used with various 2 / 3-inch high-definition megapixel detectors of different aspect ratios such as 16:9 and 5:4; and it can also achieve the goal of low cost and mass production.
[0037] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.
[0038] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "height," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.
[0039] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.
[0040] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0041] Although the present invention has been described in detail through the preferred embodiments above, it should be understood that the above description should not be considered as a limitation of the invention. Various modifications and substitutions to the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art after reading the above. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be defined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A large field-of-view space exploration optical lens, characterized in that, The optical lens includes: a front lens group, an aperture, a rear lens group, and an image plane arranged sequentially along the direction of light incidence, i.e., from the object side to the image side; The front lens group filters incident light waves, corrects field curvature, and forms an intermediate image; the aperture controls the light flux by adjusting its relative aperture; the rear lens group magnifies the intermediate image, corrects aberrations, and forms the final image; the image plane performs optical imaging on the final image. The front lens group includes: The first filter, the first negative meniscus lens, the first biconvex lens, and the second biconvex lens are arranged sequentially from the distance from the aperture stop to the distance from the aperture stop; the first filter is used to filter the wavelength of the incident light; The rear lens group includes: A first biconcave lens, a third biconvex lens, a fourth biconvex lens, a first positive meniscus lens, a second negative meniscus lens, a second positive meniscus lens, a third negative meniscus lens, and a second filter are arranged sequentially from the aperture to the image plane.
2. The large field-of-view space exploration optical lens as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the front lens group and the rear lens group is 3.79mm-4.13mm.
3. The large field-of-view space exploration optical lens as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The distance between the front lens group and the aperture stop is 2.93mm-3.21mm.
4. The large field-of-view space exploration optical lens as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The distance between the aperture and the rear lens group is 0.86mm-0.92mm.
5. The large field-of-view space exploration optical lens as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The distance between the first filter and the first negative meniscus lens is 0.33mm-0.67mm; the distance between the first negative meniscus lens and the first biconvex lens is 6.85mm-8.01mm; the distance between the first biconvex lens and the second biconvex lens is 16.53mm-21.35mm; and the distance between the second biconvex lens and the aperture stop is 2.93mm-3.21mm.
6. The large field-of-view space exploration optical lens as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The distance between the first biconcave lens and the third biconvex lens is 0.46mm-0.84mm; the distance between the third biconvex lens and the fourth biconvex lens is 0.07mm-0.13mm; the distance between the fourth biconvex lens and the first positive meniscus lens is 0.07mm-0.13mm; the distance between the first positive meniscus lens and the second negative meniscus lens is 0.07mm-0.13mm; the distance between the second negative meniscus lens and the second positive meniscus lens is 1.39mm-2.11mm; the distance between the second positive meniscus lens and the third negative meniscus lens is 3.32mm-5.06mm; the distance between the third negative meniscus lens and the second filter is 1.22mm-1.78mm; and the distance between the first biconcave lens and the aperture stop is 0.86mm-0.92mm.
7. The large field-of-view space exploration optical lens as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first filter, the first negative meniscus lens, the first biconvex lens, and the second biconvex lens are all spherical lenses.
8. The large field-of-view space exploration optical lens as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first biconcave lens, the third biconvex lens, the fourth biconvex lens, the first positive meniscus lens, the second negative meniscus lens, the second positive meniscus lens, the third negative meniscus lens, and the second filter are all spherical lenses.
9. The large field-of-view space exploration optical lens as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The optical lens described above has an optical transfer function greater than 0.55 at a half field of view of 30° and a spatial frequency of 50 lp / mm.
10. The large field-of-view space exploration optical lens as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The optical lens described above has a relative distortion value of less than 3%, a spot radius of less than 5μm, a chromatic aberration value of less than 2.5μm, and an edge relative illuminance of greater than 60% at a half field of view of 30°.