Power grid frequency modulation method and device, storage medium and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a power grid frequency modulation method and device, a storage medium and electronic equipment. The method comprises the following steps: classifying each heterogeneous frequency modulation resource according to frequency modulation response time and frequency modulation duration of each heterogeneous frequency modulation resource in a power grid; when the frequency deviation of the power system exceeds a preset frequency modulation starting threshold value, the first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources, the second type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources and the third type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources are controlled to participate in frequency modulation, and the first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources quit frequency modulation after entering a frequency recovery stage; the second type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources and the third type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources are switched to a recovery stage after the frequency modulation energy is exhausted and the frequency is recovered to a set range; controlling the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources to participate in frequency modulation after the frequency enters a recovery stage in the primary frequency modulation process so as to replace the first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources which quit frequency modulation; and when the fourth-type heterogeneous frequency modulation resources do not have the steady-state supporting capability, controlling the first-type heterogeneous frequency modulation resources to assist the fourth-type heterogeneous frequency modulation resources in frequency modulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of power grids, and particularly to a power grid frequency modulation method, device, storage medium, and electronic device. Background Art

[0002] As a core indicator of power quality, maintaining the frequency within the rated range is a key task for the operation control of the power system. When unbalanced power is generated due to load or power source power fluctuations, it is necessary to adjust the active power through system frequency modulation to stabilize the frequency. In the current power grid, in addition to traditional generating units, various heterogeneous frequency modulation resources such as energy storage and new energy power generation (such as wind power and photovoltaic) have emerged. These heterogeneous frequency modulation resources have significant differences in core characteristics such as frequency modulation response time, frequency modulation duration, and output stability. For example, energy storage resources usually have fast response capabilities but limited continuous output time, traditional thermal power units have slower response speeds but can provide long-term stable support, and the frequency modulation resources supporting wind power and photovoltaic are affected by their own power generation volatility and need to adapt to specific frequency modulation scenarios.

[0003] However, the existing frequency modulation system does not fully consider these characteristic differences, and the control requirements for the response speed, output duration, adjustment accuracy, etc. of various heterogeneous frequency modulation resources tend to be unified. As a result, resources suitable for fast response scenarios are forced to承担 long-term support tasks and quickly deplete their energy, while resources suitable for long-term support scenarios are required to participate in instantaneous frequency suppression and cannot respond in time. Eventually, the inherent advantages of various frequency modulation resources are difficult to play针对性, not only resulting in low utilization rate of frequency modulation resources, but also causing untimely suppression of frequency fluctuations and insufficient steady-state maintenance ability due to mismatched frequency modulation responses, and even frequency overshoot or continuous deviation from the rated range, affecting the normal operation of electrical equipment and threatening the safe and stable operation of the power system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, this application provides a power grid frequency modulation method, device, storage medium, and electronic device.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, this application proposes the following solutions:

[0006] Firstly, this application provides a power grid frequency regulation method, the method comprising: classifying heterogeneous frequency regulation resources according to their frequency regulation response time and frequency regulation duration, wherein: a first category of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources are those whose frequency regulation response time meets the fast response requirement and whose frequency regulation duration meets the long-term support requirement; a second category of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources are those whose frequency regulation response time meets the fast response requirement but whose frequency regulation duration does not meet the long-term support requirement; a third category of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources are those whose frequency regulation response time does not meet the fast response requirement and whose frequency regulation duration does not meet the long-term support requirement; and a fourth category of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources are those whose frequency regulation response time does not meet the fast response requirement and whose frequency regulation duration does not meet the long-term support requirement. Heterogeneous frequency regulation resources are used to meet long-term support requirements. When the frequency deviation of the power system exceeds the preset frequency regulation start threshold, the first, second, and third types of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources are controlled to participate in frequency regulation. Among them, the first type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources exit frequency regulation after entering the frequency recovery phase, and the second and third types of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources enter the recovery phase after the frequency regulation energy is exhausted and the frequency recovers to the set range. The fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources are controlled to participate in frequency regulation after the frequency enters the recovery phase during a frequency regulation process, in order to replace the first type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources that have exited frequency regulation. When the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources do not have steady-state support capabilities, the first type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources are controlled to assist the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources in participating in frequency regulation.

[0007] Secondly, this application provides a power grid frequency regulation device, which includes:

[0008] The classification module is used to classify heterogeneous frequency regulation resources according to their frequency regulation response time and frequency regulation duration. The first category of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources are those whose frequency regulation response time meets the fast response requirement and whose frequency regulation duration meets the long-term support requirement. The second category of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources are those whose frequency regulation response time meets the fast response requirement but whose frequency regulation duration does not meet the long-term support requirement. The third category of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources are those whose frequency regulation response time does not meet the fast response requirement and whose frequency regulation duration does not meet the long-term support requirement. The fourth category of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources are those whose frequency regulation response time does not meet the fast response requirement but whose frequency regulation duration meets the long-term support requirement.

[0009] The control module is used to control the first type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources, the second type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources, and the third type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources to participate in frequency regulation when the frequency deviation of the power system exceeds the preset frequency regulation start threshold. Among them, the first type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources exit frequency regulation after entering the frequency recovery phase. The second type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources and the third type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources enter the recovery phase after the frequency regulation energy is exhausted and the frequency recovers to the set range. The module controls the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources to participate in frequency regulation after the frequency enters the recovery phase during a frequency regulation process, in order to replace the first type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources that have exited frequency regulation. When the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources do not have steady-state support capabilities, the module controls the first type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources to assist the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources in participating in frequency regulation.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, according to a third aspect of this application, a storage medium is provided, the storage medium including a stored program, wherein, when the program is running, the device where the storage medium is located is controlled to execute the power grid frequency regulation method of the first aspect described above.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, according to a fourth aspect of this application, an electronic device is provided, the device including at least one processor, and at least one memory and bus connected to the processor; wherein the processor and memory communicate with each other through the bus; the processor is used to call program instructions in the memory to execute the power grid frequency regulation method of the first aspect described above.

[0012] By employing the above-described technical solution, the technical solution provided in this application has at least the following advantages:

[0013] This application categorizes heterogeneous frequency modulation (FM) resources based on their FM response time and duration, clearly defining the characteristics of four categories: Category 1 ("fast response + long-term support"), Category 2 ("fast response only"), Category 3 ("slow transient support only"), and Category 4 ("long-term support only"). This classification is not a simple division but rather a targeted approach to matching the core capabilities of resources with FM scenarios. It avoids assigning long-term support tasks to Category 2 resources (fast response but short duration), preventing them from rapidly depleting their energy and leaving no available resources for subsequent transient FM. Conversely, it prevents Category 4 resources (long-term support but slow response) from participating in instantaneous frequency suppression, avoiding response lag that could cause missed optimal frequency control opportunities and exacerbate frequency fluctuations. This fundamentally breaks the limitations of traditional uniform FM requirements, achieving precise matching between resource characteristics and FM needs.

[0014] When the power system frequency deviation exceeds the activation threshold, synchronous control activates Category I, II, and III resources to participate in frequency regulation. Category I and II resources, with their fast response characteristics, can instantaneously offset power imbalances and quickly curb sudden frequency drops or rises. Category III resources supplement slow transient support, filling the transient support gap after the activation of the first two categories of resources and before the activation of the fourth category. This avoids support gaps caused by the absence of slow-response resources, such as output attenuation of fast-response resources or long-term resource inactivity during transient phases, effectively addressing the core requirement of rapid frequency suppression.

[0015] Upon entering the frequency recovery phase, the first type of resources are deactivated from frequency regulation. The core purpose of this is to preserve energy storage or capacity, preventing the inability to cope with potential frequency disturbances in the short term due to depletion of capacity caused by continuous output. The second and third types of resources, having exhausted their frequency regulation energy, enter the recovery phase after the frequency recovers to the set range, reserving capacity for the next frequency regulation. Simultaneously, the fourth type of resources are deployed to replace the first type. Although the fourth type of resources have a slower response time, their long-term support characteristics perfectly match the recovery phase's requirement for continuous and stable output, avoiding the waste of capacity from fast-response resources and preventing secondary frequency fluctuations through their continuous output.

[0016] When the fourth type of resource lacks steady-state support capability, the first type of resource is reactivated to assist. In this case, the assistance from the first type of resource is not redundant output, but rather precisely fills the steady-state support gap left by the fourth type of resource. By supplementing the output to balance the power deviation, long-term frequency deviations from the rated range due to insufficient support from a single resource are avoided, further ensuring the long-term stability of the power grid frequency.

[0017] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a power grid frequency regulation method provided in an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0020] Figure 2 This paper shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a power grid frequency regulation device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present application may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this application will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art.

[0023] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., do not have a logical or temporal dependency, nor do they limit the quantity or execution order. It should also be understood that although the following description uses the terms "first," "second," etc., to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by the terms. These terms are merely used to distinguish one element from another.

[0024] In this application, the term "at least one" means one or more, and the term "multiple" means two or more.

[0025] It should also be understood that the term “if” can be interpreted as “when” or “upon”, or “in response to determination” or “in response to detection”. Similarly, depending on the context, the phrase “if determination…” or “if detection [the stated condition or event]” can be interpreted as “when determination…” or “in response to determination…” or “when detection [the stated condition or event]” or “in response to detection [the stated condition or event]”.

[0026] The following section provides a detailed explanation of the power grid frequency regulation method in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a power grid frequency regulation method provided in this application. Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0027] Step 110: Classify the heterogeneous frequency regulation resources according to their frequency regulation response time and frequency regulation duration.

[0028] The core basis for classification is the frequency regulation response time and duration of various heterogeneous frequency regulation resources in the power grid. Specific thresholds are set for the requirements of rapid response and long-term support, taking into account the actual operating scenarios of the power grid. In this embodiment, considering the power system's need for rapid suppression of frequency disturbances and long-term steady-state maintenance, a frequency regulation response time meeting the rapid response requirement is defined as a response time ≤ 0.5s. That is, the time from receiving the frequency regulation command to outputting the rated frequency regulation output by the resource does not exceed 0.5s. A frequency regulation duration meeting the long-term support requirement is defined as a duration ≥ 5min. That is, the resource can continuously output at the rated frequency regulation output for no less than 5min. Correspondingly, a response time that does not meet the rapid response requirement is defined as a response time > 0.5s, and a duration that does not meet the long-term support requirement is defined as a duration < 5min.

[0029] Based on the above threshold definitions, common heterogeneous frequency regulation resources in the power grid are classified. The first type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resource must simultaneously meet the requirements of response time ≤ 0.5s and duration ≥ 5min. A typical example is electrochemical energy storage (such as lithium iron phosphate battery energy storage systems), which responds quickly to commands through battery charging and discharging, and can achieve continuous output for more than 5min under reasonable capacity configuration, capable of simultaneously undertaking rapid response and long-term support tasks. The second type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resource meets the requirements of response time ≤ 0.5s and duration < 5min. Typical examples are flywheel energy storage and supercapacitors. This type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resource relies on physical energy storage (flywheel speed changes, capacitor charging and discharging) to achieve millisecond-level response, but the energy storage capacity is limited, and the continuous output time is usually 1-3min, only providing transient rapid support. The third type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources meet the requirements of response time > 0.5s and duration < 5min. A typical example is wind turbine rotor energy storage. The wind turbine needs to release kinetic energy to participate in frequency regulation by adjusting the rotor speed. The rotor speed adjustment has a mechanical delay (response time of about 0.8-1.2s), and the kinetic energy reserve is limited, with a continuous output time of about 2-4min. It is only suitable for slow transient support scenarios. The fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources meet the requirements of response time > 0.5s and duration ≥ 5min. Typical examples are pumped storage power stations and thermal power units. Pumped storage requires the turbine operating conditions to achieve output changes (response time of about 1.5-3s), and thermal power units need to adjust the steam valve opening (response time of about 2-4s). However, both have stable energy supply (hydropower, fossil fuels) and can achieve continuous output for more than 10min. They are suitable for undertaking long-term steady-state support tasks.

[0030] Step 120: When the frequency deviation of the power system exceeds the preset frequency regulation start threshold, control the first type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources, the second type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources and the third type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources to participate in frequency regulation.

[0031] After classifying heterogeneous frequency regulation resources, the process enters the resource coordination control phase of the frequency regulation process. The first step is initial control when the power system frequency deviation exceeds a preset frequency regulation initiation threshold. The trigger condition for frequency regulation initiation is that the power system frequency deviation exceeds the preset frequency regulation initiation threshold (in this embodiment, it is set to ±0.033Hz, meaning that when the absolute value of the difference between the system frequency and the rated value of 50Hz (or 60Hz) exceeds 0.033Hz, frequency regulation initiation is triggered). At this time, the first, second, and third types of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources are simultaneously put into operation. The first type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resource (such as electrochemical energy storage) rapidly outputs 80%-90% of its rated frequency regulation output, utilizing its fast response characteristics to suppress rapid frequency drops or rises, while maintaining the initial frequency regulation effect through its long-term support capability. The second type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources (such as flywheel energy storage) and the third type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources (such as wind turbine rotor energy storage) output rated power synchronously. Although the duration of both is limited, the frequency change rate can be further reduced through transient output (such as reducing the maximum frequency drop rate from 0.1Hz / s to below 0.05Hz / s) to avoid frequency overshoot.

[0032] This is followed by resource status adjustment during the frequency recovery phase. The criteria for determining the frequency recovery phase are that the absolute value of the system frequency deviation drops below 0.02Hz, and the absolute value of the frequency deviation change rate is ≤0.01Hz / s. At this point, the system frequency has entered a stable recovery channel, and the operating status of various heterogeneous frequency modulation resources needs to be adjusted to optimize resource utilization efficiency. For the first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, it is controlled to gradually withdraw from frequency modulation (e.g., reducing output to 0 within 30-60 seconds). The core purpose of this withdrawal is to preserve its energy storage capacity (or energy reserves) to avoid capacity depletion due to continuous output, in order to cope with possible frequency disturbances in the short term. For the second and third types of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources, their energy reserve status and system frequency need to be monitored simultaneously. When the rotor speed of the second type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource (such as flywheel energy storage) drops below 60% of its rated speed (i.e., energy depletion), or the rotor kinetic energy of the third type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource (such as wind turbine rotor energy storage) is released to below 50% of its initial value (i.e., energy depletion), and the system frequency has recovered to the set range (within ±0.02Hz of the rated frequency in this embodiment), the two types of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources are controlled to enter the recovery phase. The specific operation of the recovery phase is as follows: the second type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource is charged (e.g., the flywheel is accelerated to its rated speed, and the supercapacitor is charged to its rated voltage), and the wind turbine of the third type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource is controlled to increase wind energy capture to increase the rotor speed, so that the two types of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources are restored to the state of being ready for frequency modulation, preparing for the next frequency modulation.

[0033] Step 130: Control the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource to participate in frequency modulation after the frequency enters the recovery phase during a frequency modulation process, so as to replace the first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource that has withdrawn from frequency modulation.

[0034] While the first type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources are being deactivated, the activation and replacement control of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources is implemented. When a frequency regulation process enters the aforementioned frequency recovery phase, the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources (such as pumped storage power stations and thermal power units) are activated. Because the response time of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources is relatively long (>0.5s), it is difficult to play a role when activated in the initial stage of frequency regulation. However, when activated in the recovery phase, the system frequency has tended to stabilize, and its long-term support characteristics can perfectly replace the steady-state support function of the first type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources. Specifically, the output of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources is adjusted according to the real-time frequency deviation. For example, when the frequency deviation is 0.015Hz, the pumped storage power station is controlled to output 30%-40% of its rated frequency regulation output to ensure that the system frequency remains stable near the rated range and to avoid secondary frequency fluctuations.

[0035] Step 140: When the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource does not have steady-state support capability, control the first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource to assist the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource in participating in frequency modulation.

[0036] Finally, there is auxiliary control when the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resource lacks steady-state support. After the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resource is put into operation, its steady-state support capability needs to be monitored in real time. The criteria for judging that the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resource does not have steady-state support capability include the following two scenarios: First, the remaining frequency regulation capacity of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resource is ≤20% (such as the upper reservoir water level of a pumped storage power station dropping to below 20% of the minimum operating water level, or the adjustable output margin of a thermal power unit being ≤20% of the rated output). Second, after the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resource has been continuously outputting for 10 minutes, the system frequency still cannot be maintained within ±0.01Hz of the rated frequency (i.e., the output cannot meet the steady-state requirements). When either of the above scenarios occurs, the first type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resource that has been withdrawn should be immediately re-entered to assist the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resource in participating in steady-state support.

[0037] Through the above specific implementation process, the characteristics and advantages of various heterogeneous frequency modulation resources can be fully utilized to achieve rapid response in the initial stage of frequency modulation, optimized resource allocation in the recovery stage, and continuous support in the steady-state stage, effectively improving the power grid's ability to cope with frequency disturbances and its operational stability.

[0038] Building upon the aforementioned classification of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources and the timing control of resource input and output during primary frequency regulation, while timing scheduling alone can leverage the unique advantages of various heterogeneous frequency regulation resources, it still cannot achieve precise matching between the output of these resources and the real-time frequency regulation demands of the power grid. Without a scientific design of the core frequency regulation control parameters, problems may arise such as excessive resource output leading to frequency overshoot, insufficient output making it difficult to suppress frequency deviations, or fixed parameters failing to adapt to the demands of different frequency regulation stages. To address this issue, this application determines an initial droop coefficient based on the characteristics of each heterogeneous frequency regulation resource, and then adjusts the droop coefficient in stages based on the real-time frequency regulation status of the power grid to determine the frequency regulation output of each type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resource. This ensures that the frequency regulation output not only conforms to the characteristics of the resources themselves but also accurately responds to the real-time demands of the power grid. The specific implementation process of this part is described in detail below.

[0039] First, based on the rated output, frequency regulation response time, frequency regulation duration, and historical frequency regulation output fluctuation variance of various heterogeneous frequency regulation resources, and in conjunction with their frequency regulation function positioning, the initial droop coefficient is determined. The parameters are obtained based on actual grid operation data. The rated output Pn is determined through the resource's factory parameters and grid connection filing data (e.g., Pn1 = 10MW for Class I electrochemical energy storage, Pn2 = 5MW for Class II flywheel energy storage, Pn3 = 3MW for Class III wind turbine rotor energy storage, and Pn4 = 20MW for Class IV pumped hydro storage). The frequency regulation response time τ is obtained through field testing (e.g., τ1 = 0.3s for Class I heterogeneous frequency regulation resources, τ2 = 0.2s for Class II, τ3 = 1.0s for Class III, and τ4 = 2.5s for Class IV). The frequency regulation duration T is calculated as the ratio of resource capacity to rated output (e.g., for the first type of heterogeneous frequency regulation energy storage capacity of 10MWh, T1 = 10MWh / 10MW = 6min; for the second type of capacity of 1.5MWh, T2 = 1.5MWh / 5MW = 0.3min = 18s; for the third type of rotor kinetic energy, the continuous output time T3 = 2.5min; and for the fourth type of pumped storage, the duration T4 = 15min corresponding to the effective reservoir capacity). The historical frequency regulation output fluctuation variance σ 2 Based on the statistical calculation of the output data of this type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources participating in frequency modulation over the past 12 months (σ1 of the first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources) 2 =0.8MW 2 Type II heterogeneous frequency modulation resource σ2 2 =0.5MW 2 The third type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource σ3 2 =1.2MW 2 Category 4 heterogeneous frequency modulation resources σ4 2 =0.6MW 2Meanwhile, the weighting coefficients and adaptation coefficients need to be set in conjunction with the resource function positioning and engineering practice experience: the rapid support weighting coefficient α is 0.85 (because the first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources need to prioritize rapid response capability, so α is close to 1), the duration attenuation coefficient β is 0.65 (used to weaken the excessive influence of duration on the initial coefficient), the transient support weighting coefficient γ is 0.7 (the second type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources are mainly for transient support, so γ needs to balance response speed and fluctuation characteristics), the slow transient adaptation coefficient δ is 0.5 (the third type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources have slow response and large fluctuations, so δ is set to a lower value to reduce the initial coefficient), and the steady-state support adaptation coefficient ε is 0.9 (the core function of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources is steady-state support, so ε is set to a high value to strengthen its coefficient weight).

[0040] Based on the parameters determined above and the initial droop coefficient calculation model set in this application, the initial droop coefficients of various types of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources are calculated respectively: Type I heterogeneous frequency modulation resources Type II heterogeneous frequency modulation resource K 20 =γ×(Pn2 / τ2)×(σ2) 2 / T2)=0.7×(5MW / 0.2s)×(0.5MW 2 / 0.3min)≈29.23MW / Hz (Here, T2 is converted to min to match σ2) 2 (To ensure consistency in computational logic, the dimensions of the third type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource K) 30 =γ×(Pn2 / τ2)×(σ2) 2 / T2)=0.5×(3MW×1.0s) / 1.2MW 2 ≈1.25MW / Hz; Category IV heterogeneous frequency modulation resource K 40 =ε×(σ4) 2 ×T4) / Pn4=0.9×(15min×0.6MW 2 ) / 20MW≈0.41MW / Hz. The above initial droop coefficient initially reflects the frequency modulation capability and functional positioning of various heterogeneous frequency modulation resources.

[0041] Subsequently, based on the real-time frequency regulation stage of the power grid, the power system frequency deviation, the rate of change of frequency deviation, and the remaining frequency regulation capacity of various heterogeneous frequency regulation resources, the initial droop coefficient is corrected in stages. First, the frequency regulation stages are divided: the frequency drop stage is defined as a frequency deviation Δf ≤ -0.05Hz (or ≥ 0.05Hz) and a rate of change of frequency deviation df / dt ≤ -0.08Hz / s (or ≥ 0.08Hz / s), at which point the system needs to quickly suppress frequency degradation. The recovery stage is defined as -0.05Hz < Δf < -0.02Hz (or 0.02Hz < Δf < 0.05Hz) and -0.08Hz / s < df / dt < -0.01Hz / s (or 0.01Hz / s < df / dt < 0.08Hz / s), at which point the frequency tends to stabilize but requires continuous adjustment. The steady-state stage is defined as |Δf| ≤ 0.02Hz and |df / dt| ≤ 0.01Hz / s, at which point frequency stability needs to be maintained. Correction factors at each stage Based on the characteristics of each stage: Sudden Drop Stage (Strengthen rapid support for Category I heterogeneous frequency modulation resources) (Strengthening Type II Transient Support) (Weakening of Type III slow response) (Weakening of Type IV slow response). Recovery phase steady state phase (Most of the second type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources have been depleted of energy) (Strengthening the fourth type of steady-state support). Meanwhile, each correction term A... i B i The calculation needs to consider both resource type and real-time parameters. Taking a sudden frequency drop scenario as an example (Δf = -0.06Hz, df / dt = -0.09Hz / s), the frequency deviation sensitivity coefficient λ1 of the first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource is 0.5 (because the first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource is sensitive to frequency deviation response), therefore A1 = 1 + λ1 × Δf = 1 + 0.5 × (-0.06) = 0.97. The frequency change rate damping coefficient μ1 = 0.3 (used to suppress output fluctuations caused by rapid frequency changes), therefore... The remaining frequency modulation capacity C of the first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource i =8MW (initial capacity 10MW, 2MW already consumed), maximum frequency regulation capacity C imax =10MW. Substitute into the correction formula. The calculated droop coefficient after correction for the first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource is K1 = 2.08 × 1.2 × 0.97 × 1.027 × 0.8 ≈ 1.98 MW / Hz. Similarly, for the second type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, λ2 = 0.6 (the transient frequency deviation amplification factor is higher), A2 = 1 + λ2 × |Δf| = 1 + 0.6 × (-0.06) = 0.964. μ2 = 0.4 (transient rate of change suppression coefficient). Remaining capacity C i =3MW, C imax =5MW, after correction K2 = 29.23 × 1.3 × 0.964 × 0.964 × 0.6 ≈ 21.3MW / Hz. Third-class heterogeneous frequency modulation resource λ3 = 0.4 (slow response frequency deviation attenuation coefficient), A3 = 1 - λ3 × Δf = 1 - 0.4 × (-0.06) = 1.024. μ3 = 0.2 (slow rate of change adaptation coefficient), Remaining capacity C i =2MW, C imax =3MW, after correction K3 = 1.25 × 0.8 × 1.024 × 0.982 × 0.667 ≈ 0.68MW / Hz. The fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource λ4 = 0.3 (steady-state frequency deviation squared sensitivity coefficient), A4 = 1 - λ4 × Δf 2 =1 - 0.3 × (-0.06) 2 =0.9982. μ4 = 0.1 (smoothing coefficient for steady-state rate of change). Remaining capacity C i =15MW, C imax =20MW, after correction K4 = 0.41×0.7×0.9982×1.009×0.75≈0.21MW / Hz. The corrected droop coefficient can dynamically adapt to the frequency regulation requirements during the sudden drop phase, avoiding excessive or insufficient output.

[0042] Finally, based on the corrected droop coefficient, the difference between the power system frequency deviation and the frequency regulation dead zone, the frequency regulation output of various heterogeneous frequency regulation resources is determined. In this embodiment, to achieve unified adaptation between various heterogeneous frequency regulation resources and the frequency regulation dead zone of traditional thermal power units, and to avoid the problem of asynchronous frequency regulation response caused by dead zone differences, the frequency regulation dead zone of the first to fourth types of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources is set to 0.033Hz, which is consistent with the frequency regulation dead zone of thermal power units. The basic output calculation formula is P. i =K i ×(Δf-Δf db(When Δf is negative, Δf-Δfdb represents the actual demand deviation when the frequency drops). Taking the above sudden drop scenario (Δf=-0.06Hz) as an example, calculate the output of each resource: The first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource P1=1.98×(-0.06-(-0.033))≈-0.053MW (the negative sign indicates that the output direction is to increase power generation to compensate for the power shortage. In actual operation, the absolute value of 0.053MW of increased power generation is taken). Since it has not entered the auxiliary scenario, no adjustment is required. The second type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource P2=21.3×(-0.06+0.033)≈-0.575MW (increased power generation of 0.575MW). If it is subsequently monitored that the flywheel energy storage rotor speed drops to 60% of the rated speed (i.e., energy is exhausted), then P2 will be immediately adjusted to 0. The third type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, P3, is approximately -0.68 × (-0.06 + 0.033) ≈ -0.018 MW (an additional 0.018 MW). If the wind turbine rotor kinetic energy is released to 50% of its initial value (energy depletion) and the frequency has recovered to within ±0.02 Hz, then P3 is adjusted to 0. The fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, P4, is approximately -0.21 × (-0.06 + 0.033) ≈ -0.0057 MW (an additional 0.0057 MW). Due to the sudden drop in power, the output of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource is low, consistent with its slow response characteristics. If, after entering the steady-state phase, the remaining capacity of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource is detected to have dropped to 4 MW (≤20% × 20 MW = 4 MW, i.e., it lacks steady-state support capability), the first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource is activated for assistance: first calculate ΔP. 4缺额 (Maintaining the frequency at 50±0.01Hz requires a total output of 0.08MW. The current maximum output of Category IV is 0.004MW, therefore ΔP) 4缺额 =0.076MW), ΔP 总缺额 =0.08-(0.004+0.018+0)=0.058MW (at this point, the second and third categories have exited), and then according to P1=K1×(Δf-Δf db )×(ΔP 4缺额 / ΔP 总缺额 Calculate the auxiliary output. At this time, Δf = -0.015Hz, and K1 is corrected to 1.5MW / Hz. Therefore, P1 = 1.5×(-0.015+0.033)×(0.076 / 0.058)≈0.035MW, ensuring that the first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources accurately make up for the support gap of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources, while avoiding frequency overshoot.

[0043] Through the complete process of setting the initial droop coefficient, phased correction, and output constraint control, dynamic matching between the output of various heterogeneous frequency regulation resources and the grid frequency regulation stage and real-time parameters can be achieved. This not only fully leverages the characteristics and advantages of various heterogeneous frequency regulation resources, but also avoids output waste or insufficient support, significantly improving the accuracy and stability of grid frequency regulation.

[0044] After completing the classification and scheduling of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources, the initial setting and phased correction of the droop coefficient, and the primary frequency regulation output control based on the corrected coefficients in the aforementioned primary frequency regulation process, primary frequency regulation has achieved rapid suppression of sudden drops in grid frequency and preliminary steady-state recovery of frequency (bringing the frequency into a steady-state phase near the rated range). However, it should be noted that the core objective of primary frequency regulation is to address transient frequency fluctuations caused by power imbalances. Its ability to eliminate small frequency deviations over the long term is limited, making it difficult to guarantee the long-term stable operation of the grid frequency. If relying solely on primary frequency regulation, factors such as slow load drift and small fluctuations in renewable energy output may lead to persistent small frequency deviations, affecting power quality. To address this issue, this application further constructs a collaborative mechanism between primary and secondary frequency regulation, clarifies the initiation conditions, participating entities, and specific output control strategies for secondary frequency regulation, and defines the rules that the other three types of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources do not participate in secondary frequency regulation, so as to achieve long-term accurate frequency stability through secondary frequency regulation. The following is a detailed description of the specific implementation process of the secondary frequency regulation collaborative control part.

[0045] Considering the differences in characteristics among various heterogeneous frequency modulation resources, this application stipulates that only the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources participate in secondary frequency modulation, while the first, second, and third types of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources do not participate in secondary frequency modulation. Among them, the first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources need to reserve energy storage capacity to cope with possible frequency drops again (to avoid insufficient subsequent rapid response capability due to capacity consumption caused by participating in secondary frequency modulation). The second and third types of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources, due to their short frequency modulation duration (<5min), have basically exhausted their energy and entered the recovery phase during the primary frequency modulation process (e.g., the flywheel energy storage rotor speed has dropped to below 60% of the rated value, and the wind turbine rotor kinetic energy has been released to below 50% of the initial value), and do not have the energy reserves to participate in secondary frequency modulation. Therefore, these three types of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources are controlled to remain in standby or recovery state during the secondary frequency modulation stage and do not output frequency modulation output.

[0046] The following is a specific control process for the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources participating in secondary frequency regulation. This process takes the steady-state value of the power system frequency deviation, the secondary frequency regulation command, and the remaining frequency regulation capacity of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources as core input parameters, and realizes output control in three steps.

[0047] The first step is to determine the output adjustment requirements for the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources participating in secondary frequency modulation. This is achieved by first calculating the output required for steady-state frequency correction based on the obtained steady-state frequency deviation value. In this embodiment, this output is assumed to be linearly correlated with the steady-state deviation, and the calculation formula is ΔP. 需求1 =K 稳 ×|Δf 稳态 |, where K 稳 The steady-state frequency regulation coefficient (set to 100MW / Hz based on the grid's rated frequency of 50Hz and frequency regulation accuracy requirements), if Δf 稳态=0.008Hz, then ΔP 需求1 =100MW / Hz × 0.008Hz = 0.8MW. Simultaneously, a secondary frequency regulation command (i.e., AGC command, used to balance power exchange deviations between regions) is obtained from the power grid dispatch center. Assume this command requires an additional 0.4MW (denoted as ΔP) of Category IV heterogeneous frequency regulation resources. 需求2 =0.4MW), then the total output adjustment demand ΔP of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources is 0.4MW. 总需求 =ΔP 需求1 +ΔP 需求2 =1.2MW, and because the current frequency is slightly lower than the rated value (Δf) 稳态 A positive value indicates a low frequency, therefore the output adjustment direction is to increase active power.

[0048] The second step is to calculate the remaining frequency regulation capacity and the target output for secondary frequency regulation of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resource. The maximum frequency regulation capacity C of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resource (pumped storage power station) is... imax4 The value is determined by its rated frequency modulation output (in this embodiment, Pn4 = 20MW, therefore C). imax4 =20MW), remaining frequency regulation capacity C i4 The calculation is performed by subtracting the current output during the first frequency modulation phase from the maximum frequency modulation capacity. Assuming the first frequency modulation reaches steady state, the output P of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource in the first frequency modulation phase is... 1次 =3MW, then C i4 =C imax4 -P 1次 =20MW - 3MW = 17MW. Combined with the aforementioned total output adjustment demand ΔP 总需求 =1.2MW, determine the target output P for secondary frequency regulation. 2次目标 =P 1次 +ΔP 总需求 =3MW + 1.2MW = 4.2MW. This target output is the total operating output after the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources participate in the secondary frequency modulation.

[0049] The third step is to implement a differentiated output control strategy based on the relationship between the target output and the remaining capacity. If the target output P of the secondary frequency modulation... 2次目标 ≤ Remaining frequency modulation capacity C i4 (i.e., the current target output does not exceed the adjustable upper limit of the resource), then the output power of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource is controlled according to the target output. In this embodiment, P 2次目标 =4.2MW≤17MW, therefore, the turbine guide vane opening of the pumped storage power station will be adjusted from the current 30% to 32% (based on the linear correlation between opening and output, each 1% increase in guide vane opening corresponds to an increase in output of 0.6MW), stabilizing the output at 4.2MW. Simultaneously, the frequency change will be monitored in real time through the SCADA system. If Δf 稳态When the frequency drops below 0.003Hz, the output power can be adjusted proportionally (e.g., ΔP). 需求1 The output is reduced to 0.3MW, and the total target output is adjusted to 3.7MW. If the secondary frequency regulation target output P... 2次目标 > Remaining frequency modulation capacity C i4 (i.e., the target output exceeds the adjustable capacity of the resources), then the output is controlled according to the upper limit of the remaining frequency modulation capacity to ensure that the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources continue to have steady-state support capabilities. Assuming that in a certain secondary frequency modulation, ΔP 总需求 =15MW, P 1次 =4MW, calculated P 2次目标 =19MW, and at this time C i4 =15MW(C imax4 =20MW, P 1次 =5MW), then P 2次目标 =19MW>15MW. At this time, the output of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources is only increased to 5MW+15MW=20MW (i.e. the upper limit of the remaining capacity), instead of pursuing the target value of 19MW. At the same time, the capacity warning mechanism is triggered to report to the dispatch center that the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources have reached the maximum frequency regulation capacity, so as to avoid the loss of subsequent steady-state support capacity due to excessive output (such as the excessive drop in the water level of the upper reservoir of pumped storage, which cannot maintain long-term output).

[0050] Throughout the secondary frequency modulation process, the remaining frequency modulation capacity of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources and the steady-state value of the system frequency need to be continuously monitored. C is updated every 10 seconds. i4 The calculation results (combining real-time resource output and maximum capacity) indicate that if C... i4 If the output drops to below 20% of the maximum frequency modulation capacity (i.e., <4MW in this embodiment), the secondary frequency modulation output target will be automatically reduced (e.g., ΔP). 总需求减半 Prioritizing the basic steady-state support capability of resources, the system frequency is adjusted in a way that ensures that the secondary frequency regulation output is not interrupted if the system frequency experiences a transient deviation due to load fluctuations (e.g., Δf briefly rises to 0.015Hz). This adjustment will resume once the frequency stabilizes, avoiding output conflicts with any potential primary frequency regulation. This control process ensures that the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources accurately match grid demand during secondary frequency regulation, while also guaranteeing the resources' own continuous operation. The exclusion of the first, second, and third types of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources from control further avoids resource waste and frequency regulation interference, ultimately achieving long-term grid frequency stability.

[0051] It is understood that, in order to achieve the functions in the above embodiments, the computer device includes hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function. Those skilled in the art should readily recognize that, based on the units and method steps described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed in this application, this application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed by hardware or by computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application scenario and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0052] Furthermore, as a response to the above Figure 1 The implementation of the method embodiment shown in this application provides a power grid frequency regulation device. The embodiment of this device corresponds to the foregoing method embodiments. For ease of reading, this embodiment will not repeat the details of the foregoing method embodiments one by one, but it should be understood that the device in this embodiment can correspondingly implement all the contents of the foregoing method embodiments.

[0053] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the power grid frequency regulation device 200 includes:

[0054] The classification module 210 is used to classify heterogeneous frequency regulation resources according to their frequency regulation response time and frequency regulation duration. The first category of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources are those whose frequency regulation response time meets the fast response requirement and whose frequency regulation duration meets the long-term support requirement. The second category of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources are those whose frequency regulation response time meets the fast response requirement but whose frequency regulation duration does not meet the long-term support requirement. The third category of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources are those whose frequency regulation response time does not meet the fast response requirement and whose frequency regulation duration does not meet the long-term support requirement. The fourth category of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources are those whose frequency regulation response time does not meet the fast response requirement but whose frequency regulation duration meets the long-term support requirement.

[0055] The control module 220 is used to control the first type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources, the second type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources, and the third type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources to participate in frequency regulation when the frequency deviation of the power system exceeds the preset frequency regulation start threshold. The first type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources exit frequency regulation after entering the frequency recovery phase. The second type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources and the third type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources enter the recovery phase after the frequency regulation energy is exhausted and the frequency recovers to the set range. The control module 220 controls the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources to participate in frequency regulation after the frequency enters the recovery phase during a frequency regulation process, in order to replace the first type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources that have exited frequency regulation. When the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources do not have steady-state support capabilities, the control module 220 controls the first type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources to assist the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources in participating in frequency regulation.

[0056] Furthermore, such as Figure 2As shown, the control module 220 is also used to determine the initial droop coefficient of each heterogeneous frequency regulation resource based on its rated output, frequency regulation response time, frequency regulation duration, and historical frequency regulation output fluctuation variance, combined with the frequency regulation function positioning of each heterogeneous frequency regulation resource; to correct the droop coefficient of each heterogeneous frequency regulation resource in terms of frequency regulation stage based on the real-time frequency regulation stage of the power grid, the frequency deviation of the power system, the frequency deviation change rate, and the remaining frequency regulation capacity of each heterogeneous frequency regulation resource, so as to obtain the corrected droop coefficient of each heterogeneous frequency regulation resource in the corresponding frequency regulation stage; and to determine the frequency regulation output of each heterogeneous frequency regulation resource based on the corrected droop coefficient, the difference between the power system frequency deviation and the frequency regulation dead zone.

[0057] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the control module 220 is specifically used for the first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources, where the initial droop coefficient K10 = α × (Pn1 / τ1) × e^(-β × T1 / σ1) 2 ), where α is the fast support weighting coefficient, β is the duration decay coefficient, Pn1 is the rated output of the first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, τ1 is the response time of the first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, T1 is the duration of the first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, and σ1 2 The historical output fluctuation variance is given by the first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource; for the second type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, the initial droop coefficient K is given by... 20 =γ×(Pn2 / τ2)×(σ2) 2 / T2), where γ is the transient support weight coefficient, Pn2 is the rated output of the second type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, τ2 is the response time of the second type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, T2 is the duration of the second type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, and σ2 2 For the second type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, the historical output fluctuation variance is given; for the third type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, the initial droop coefficient K is given. 30 =δ×(Pn3×τ3) / σ3 2 Where δ is the slow transient adaptation coefficient, Pn3 is the rated output of the third type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, τ3 is the response time of the third type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, and σ3 is the response time of the third type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource. 2 The historical output fluctuation variance for the third type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources; for the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources, the initial droop coefficient K. 40 =ε×(T4×σ4) 2 ) / Pn4, where ε is the steady-state support adaptation coefficient, Pn4 is the rated output of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, T4 is the duration of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, and σ4 2 The historical output fluctuation variance of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources.

[0058] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the control module 220 is specifically used for... The droop coefficients of various heterogeneous frequency modulation resources are corrected, where i = 1, 2, 3, 4 correspond to the first to fourth types of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources, respectively, and K... i K is the correction droop coefficient for the i-th type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource. i0 Let be the initial droop coefficient of the i-th type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource. Let be the stage correction factor for the i-th type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resource in the current frequency regulation stage, Δf be the power system frequency deviation, df / dt be the rate of change of the power system frequency deviation, and C be the power system frequency deviation rate. i Let C be the current remaining frequency modulation capacity of the i-th type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource. imax A represents the maximum frequency modulation capacity of the i-th type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource; i For the frequency deviation correction term of the i-th type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, when i = 1, A1 = 1 + λ1 × Δf, where λ1 is the frequency deviation sensitivity coefficient of the first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource; when i = 2, A2 = 1 + λ2 × |Δf|, where λ2 is the transient frequency deviation amplification coefficient of the second type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource; when i = 3, A3 = 1 - λ3 × Δf, where λ3 is the slow response frequency deviation attenuation coefficient of the third type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource; when i = 4, A4 = 1 - λ4 × Δf 2 λ4 is the steady-state frequency deviation squared sensitivity coefficient of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource; B i This is the correction term for the rate of change of frequency deviation of the i-th type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource. When i = 1, μ1 is the frequency change rate damping coefficient of the first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource. When i = 2, μ2 is the transient rate of change suppression coefficient for the second type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource. When i = 3, μ3 is the slow rate of change adaptation coefficient for the third type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource. When i = 4, μ4 is the smoothing coefficient for the steady-state rate of change of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource.

[0059] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the control module 220 is specifically used to control P. i =K i ×(Δf-Δf db The frequency modulation output of various heterogeneous frequency modulation resources is calculated, where P i For the frequency modulation output of the i-th type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, K i Let Δf be the corrected droop coefficient for the i-th type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resource, and Δf be the power system frequency deviation. db This is the frequency modulation dead zone; the constraint condition for the frequency modulation output of various heterogeneous frequency modulation resources is: when i = 1, if (Δf - Δf) db When Δf ≤ 0, P1 = 0. If the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource does not have steady-state support capability and the first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource participates as an auxiliary, according to P1 = K1 × (Δf - Δf)db )×(ΔP 4缺额 / ΔP 总缺额 Adjust the frequency modulation output P1, where ΔP 4缺额 For the steady-state support gap of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources, ΔP 总缺额 This represents the current total frequency support gap of the power grid; when i = 2, if (Δf - Δf) db When i ≤ 0 or the frequency modulation energy of the second type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource is exhausted, P1 = 0; when i = 3, if (Δf - Δf) db When i ≤ 0 or the frequency modulation energy of the third type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource is exhausted, P3 = 0; when i = 4, if (Δf - Δf) db When )≤0, P4=0.

[0060] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the control module 220 is also used to control the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources to participate in secondary frequency regulation after the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources are put into operation, based on the steady-state value of the power system frequency deviation, the secondary frequency regulation command and the remaining frequency regulation capacity of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources; and to control the first type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources, the second type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources and the third type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources not to participate in secondary frequency regulation.

[0061] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the control module 220 is specifically used to determine the output adjustment demand of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources participating in secondary frequency regulation based on the steady-state value of the power system frequency deviation; determine the target output of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources for secondary frequency regulation based on the output adjustment demand and the remaining frequency regulation capacity of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources; if the target output of secondary frequency regulation is less than or equal to the remaining frequency regulation capacity of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources, control the output power of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources according to the target output of secondary frequency regulation; if the target output of secondary frequency regulation is greater than the remaining frequency regulation capacity of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources, control the output power of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources according to the upper limit of the remaining frequency regulation capacity of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources, so as to ensure that the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources continuously have steady-state support capabilities.

[0062] Optionally, the power grid frequency regulation device may be an electronic device with data processing capabilities, or a functional module within the electronic device, without limitation.

[0063] For example, the electronic device can be a server, which can be a single server or a server cluster consisting of multiple servers. As another example, the electronic device can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, desktop computer, laptop computer, handheld computer, notebook computer, ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), netbook, as well as cellular phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), augmented reality (AR) devices, virtual reality (VR) devices, and other terminal devices. As yet another example, the electronic device can also be a recording device, video surveillance equipment, etc. This application does not impose any special limitations on the specific form of the electronic device.

[0064] The following example uses a power grid frequency regulation device as an electronic device. Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 The hardware structure of an electronic device 300 provided in this application.

[0065] like Figure 3 As shown, the electronic device 300 includes a processor 310, a communication line 320, and a communication interface 330.

[0066] Optionally, the electronic device 300 may also include a memory 340. The processor 310, memory 340, and communication interface 330 can be connected via a communication line 320.

[0067] The processor 310 can be a central processing unit (CPU), a general-purpose processor, a network processor (NP), a digital signal processor (DSP), a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a programmable logic device (PLD), or any combination thereof. The processor 310 can also be any other device with processing capabilities, such as a circuit, device, or software module, without limitation.

[0068] In one example, processor 310 may include one or more CPUs, for example Figure 3 CPU0 and CPU1 in the CPU.

[0069] As an optional implementation, the electronic device 300 may include multiple processors, for example, in addition to processor 310, it may also include processor 370. A communication line 320 is used to transmit information between the components included in the electronic device 300.

[0070] Communication interface 330 is used for communication with other devices or other communication networks. These other communication networks can be Ethernet, Radio Access Network (RAN), Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN), etc. Communication interface 330 can be a module, circuit, transceiver, or any device capable of enabling communication.

[0071] The memory 340 is used to store instructions. These instructions can be computer programs.

[0072] The memory 340 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device capable of storing static information and / or instructions; it may also be a random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device capable of storing information and / or instructions; it may also be an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compressed optical discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital universal optical discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media, or other magnetic storage devices, etc., without limitation.

[0073] It should be noted that the memory 340 can exist independently of the processor 310, or it can be integrated with the processor 310. The memory 340 can be used to store instructions, program code, or some data, etc. The memory 340 can be located inside or outside the electronic device 300, without restriction.

[0074] The processor 310 is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory 340 to implement the communication method provided in the following embodiments of this application. For example, when the electronic device 300 is a terminal or a chip in a terminal, the processor 310 can execute instructions stored in the memory 340 to implement the steps performed by the sending end in the following embodiments of this application.

[0075] As an optional implementation, the electronic device 300 also includes an output device 350 and an input device 360. The output device 350 can be a display screen, speaker, or other device capable of outputting data from the electronic device 300 to the user. The input device 360 ​​can be a keyboard, mouse, microphone, joystick, or other device capable of inputting data into the electronic device 300.

[0076] It should be pointed out that, Figure 3 The structure shown does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device, except... Figure 3 In addition to the components shown, the electronic device may include more or fewer components than illustrated, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0077] The power grid frequency regulation device and application scenarios described in the embodiments of this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of power grid frequency regulation devices and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0078] This application provides a storage medium storing a program that, when executed by a processor, implements the power grid frequency regulation method.

[0079] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0080] In a typical configuration, the device includes one or more processors (CPUs), memory, and a bus. The device may also include input / output interfaces, network interfaces, etc.

[0081] Memory may include non-persistent memory in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, like read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM, and memory includes at least one memory chip. Memory is an example of computer-readable media.

[0082] Computer-readable media includes both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can store information using any method or technology. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, modules of programs, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile optical disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic tape, magnetic magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transferable medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include transient computer-readable media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0083] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0084] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0085] The above are merely embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A power grid frequency regulation method, characterized in that, The method includes: Based on the frequency regulation response time and frequency regulation duration of each heterogeneous frequency regulation resource in the power grid, the heterogeneous frequency regulation resources are classified into four categories: Category 1 heterogeneous frequency regulation resources are those whose frequency regulation response time meets the requirements for rapid response and whose frequency regulation duration meets the requirements for long-term support; Category 2 heterogeneous frequency regulation resources are those whose frequency regulation response time meets the requirements for rapid response but whose frequency regulation duration does not meet the requirements for long-term support; Category 3 heterogeneous frequency regulation resources are those whose frequency regulation response time does not meet the requirements for rapid response and whose frequency regulation duration does not meet the requirements for long-term support; and Category 4 heterogeneous frequency regulation resources are those whose frequency regulation response time does not meet the requirements for rapid response but whose frequency regulation duration meets the requirements for long-term support. When the frequency deviation of the power system exceeds the preset frequency regulation start threshold, the first type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources, the second type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources and the third type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources are controlled to participate in frequency regulation. Among them, the first type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources exit frequency regulation after entering the frequency recovery phase, and the second type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources and the third type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources enter the recovery phase after the frequency regulation energy is exhausted and the frequency is restored to the set range. The fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource is controlled to participate in frequency modulation after the frequency enters the recovery phase during a frequency modulation process, in order to replace the first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource that has withdrawn from frequency modulation. When the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource does not have steady-state support capability, the first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource is controlled to assist the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource in participating in frequency modulation.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on the rated output, frequency modulation response time, frequency modulation duration, and historical frequency modulation output fluctuation variance of various heterogeneous frequency modulation resources, and combined with the frequency modulation function positioning of various heterogeneous frequency modulation resources, the initial droop coefficient of each type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource is determined. Based on the real-time frequency regulation stage of the power grid, the frequency deviation of the power system, the rate of change of frequency deviation, and the remaining frequency regulation capacity of various heterogeneous frequency regulation resources, the droop coefficients of various heterogeneous frequency regulation resources are corrected for each frequency regulation stage to obtain the corrected droop coefficients of various heterogeneous frequency regulation resources in the corresponding frequency regulation stage. Based on the corrected droop coefficient, the difference between the power system frequency deviation and the frequency regulation dead zone, the frequency regulation output of various heterogeneous frequency regulation resources is determined.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the rated output, frequency modulation response time, frequency modulation duration, and historical frequency modulation output fluctuation variance of various heterogeneous frequency modulation resources, and in conjunction with the frequency modulation function positioning of various heterogeneous frequency modulation resources, the initial droop coefficients of various heterogeneous frequency modulation resources are determined, including: For the first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources, the initial droop coefficient Where α is the fast support weighting coefficient, β is the duration decay coefficient, Pn1 is the rated output of the first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, τ1 is the response time of the first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, T1 is the duration of the first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, and σ1 2 The historical output fluctuation variance of the first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource; For the second type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, the initial droop coefficient K 20 =γ×(Pn2 / τ2)×(σ2) 2 / T2), where γ is the transient support weight coefficient, Pn2 is the rated output of the second type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, τ2 is the response time of the second type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, T2 is the duration of the second type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, and σ2 2 The historical output fluctuation variance of the second type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources; For the third type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, the initial droop coefficient K 30 =γ×(Pn2 / τ2)×(σ2) 2 / T2), where δ is the slow transient adaptation coefficient, Pn3 is the rated output of the third type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, τ3 is the response time of the third type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, and σ3 2 The historical output fluctuation variance of the third type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources; For the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, the initial droop coefficient K 40 =ε×(σ4) 2 ×T4) / Pn4, where ε is the steady-state support adaptation coefficient, Pn4 is the rated output of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, T4 is the duration of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, and σ4 2 The historical output fluctuation variance of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Based on the real-time frequency regulation stage of the power grid, the power system frequency deviation, the rate of change of frequency deviation, and the remaining frequency regulation capacity of various heterogeneous frequency regulation resources, the droop coefficients of various heterogeneous frequency regulation resources are corrected for each frequency regulation stage to obtain the corrected droop coefficients of various heterogeneous frequency regulation resources in the corresponding frequency regulation stage, including: according to The droop coefficients of various heterogeneous frequency modulation resources are corrected, where i = 1, 2, 3, 4 correspond to the first to fourth types of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources, respectively, and K... i K is the correction droop coefficient for the i-th type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource. i0 Let be the initial droop coefficient of the i-th type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource. Let be the stage correction factor for the i-th type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resource in the current frequency regulation stage, Δf be the power system frequency deviation, df / dt be the rate of change of the power system frequency deviation, and C be the power system frequency deviation rate. i Let C be the current remaining frequency modulation capacity of the i-th type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource. imax The maximum frequency modulation capacity of the i-th type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource; A i For the frequency deviation correction term of the i-th type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, when i = 1, A1 = 1 + λ1 × Δf, where λ1 is the frequency deviation sensitivity coefficient of the first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource; when i = 2, A2 = 1 + λ2 × |Δf|, where λ2 is the transient frequency deviation amplification coefficient of the second type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource; when i = 3, A3 = 1 - λ3 × Δf, where λ3 is the slow response frequency deviation attenuation coefficient of the third type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource; when i = 4, A4 = 1 - λ4 × Δf 2 λ4 is the steady-state frequency deviation square sensitivity coefficient of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource; B i This is the correction term for the rate of change of frequency deviation of the i-th type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource. When i = 1, μ1 is the frequency change rate damping coefficient of the first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource. When i = 2, μ2 is the transient rate of change suppression coefficient for the second type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource. When i = 3, μ3 is the slow rate of change adaptation coefficient for the third type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource. When i = 4, μ4 is the smoothing coefficient for the steady-state rate of change of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Based on the corrected droop coefficient, the difference between the power system frequency deviation and the frequency regulation dead zone, the frequency regulation output of various heterogeneous frequency regulation resources is determined, including: According to P i =K i ×(Δf-Δf db The frequency modulation output of various heterogeneous frequency modulation resources is calculated, where P i For the frequency modulation output of the i-th type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, K i Let Δf be the corrected droop coefficient for the i-th type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resource, and Δf be the power system frequency deviation. db This is the FM dead zone; The constraints on the frequency modulation output of various heterogeneous frequency modulation resources are as follows: When i = 1, if (Δf - Δf) db When Δf ≤ 0, P1 = 0. If the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource does not have steady-state support capability and the first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource participates as an auxiliary, according to P1 = K1 × (Δf - Δf) db )×(ΔP 4缺额 / ΔP 总缺额 Adjust the frequency modulation output P1, where ΔP 4缺额 For the steady-state support gap of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources, ΔP 总缺额 This represents the current total frequency support gap in the power grid; When i = 2, if (Δf - Δf) db When P1 ≤ 0 or the frequency modulation energy of the second type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource is exhausted, P1 = 0; When i = 3, if (Δf - Δf) db When P3 ≤ 0 or the frequency modulation energy of the third type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource is exhausted, P3 = 0; When i = 4, if (Δf - Δf) db When )≤0, P4=0.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The method further includes: After the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources are put into operation, the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources are controlled to participate in secondary frequency regulation based on the steady-state value of the power system frequency deviation, the secondary frequency regulation command, and the remaining frequency regulation capacity of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources. Control the first type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources, the second type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources and the third type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources to not participate in secondary frequency modulation.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Based on the steady-state value of the power system frequency deviation, the secondary frequency regulation command, and the remaining frequency regulation capacity of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources, control the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources to participate in secondary frequency regulation, including: Based on the steady-state value of the power system frequency deviation, determine the output adjustment requirements for the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources to participate in secondary frequency regulation; Based on the output adjustment requirements and the remaining frequency modulation capacity of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources, the secondary frequency modulation target output of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resources is determined. If the target output of the secondary frequency modulation is less than or equal to the remaining frequency modulation capacity of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, the output power of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource shall be controlled according to the target output of the secondary frequency modulation. If the target output of the secondary frequency modulation exceeds the remaining frequency modulation capacity of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource, the output power of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource shall be controlled according to the upper limit of the remaining frequency modulation capacity of the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource to ensure that the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency modulation resource has a continuous steady-state support capability.

8. A power grid frequency regulation device, characterized in that, The device includes: The classification module is used to classify heterogeneous frequency regulation resources according to their frequency regulation response time and frequency regulation duration. The first category of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources are those whose frequency regulation response time meets the fast response requirement and whose frequency regulation duration meets the long-term support requirement. The second category of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources are those whose frequency regulation response time meets the fast response requirement but whose frequency regulation duration does not meet the long-term support requirement. The third category of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources are those whose frequency regulation response time does not meet the fast response requirement and whose frequency regulation duration does not meet the long-term support requirement. The fourth category of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources are those whose frequency regulation response time does not meet the fast response requirement but whose frequency regulation duration meets the long-term support requirement. The control module is used to control the first type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources, the second type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources, and the third type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources to participate in frequency regulation when the frequency deviation of the power system exceeds the preset frequency regulation start threshold. Among them, the first type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources exit frequency regulation after entering the frequency recovery phase. The second type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources and the third type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources enter the recovery phase after the frequency regulation energy is exhausted and the frequency recovers to the set range. The module controls the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources to participate in frequency regulation after the frequency enters the recovery phase during a frequency regulation process, in order to replace the first type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources that have exited frequency regulation. When the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources do not have steady-state support capabilities, the module controls the first type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources to assist the fourth type of heterogeneous frequency regulation resources in participating in frequency regulation.

9. A storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium includes a stored program, wherein, when the program is executed, it controls the device containing the storage medium to perform the power grid frequency regulation method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, The device includes at least one processor, at least one memory connected to the processor, and a bus; wherein the processor and the memory communicate with each other through the bus; the processor is used to call program instructions in the memory to execute the power grid frequency regulation method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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