Communication system for suppressing influence of vibration and turbulence of mobile platform

Abstract

The invention discloses a communication system for suppressing vibration and turbulence influence of a mobile platform, and belongs to the technical field of wireless laser communication. The system comprises a laser fine tracking structure, a signal light emitting structure, a signal light multi-mode receiving structure, an optical signal routing and merging processing module, a beacon light emitting structure, a beacon light detection structure, a laser emitting and receiving lens structure, a beacon light signal light beam combining lens group, a servo structure and a matched lens group structure. According to the invention, the signal light allowance coupling receiving module and the optical signal routing combination processing module are matched with the signal light fine tracking servo mechanism to realize effective suppression of vibration and turbulence influence of the mobile platform and allowance efficient coupling receiving processing capability. The method has the advantages of being low in complexity, high in response speed, low in cost and easy to implement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wireless laser communication technology, and in particular to a wireless laser communication system capable of suppressing the effects of vibration and turbulence on the laser communication of mobile platforms in the air, on the ground, or on water. Background Technology

[0002] Long-distance wireless laser communication on mobile platforms in the air, on the ground, or on water is affected by the vibration of the mobile platform and the atmospheric channel. The optical signal at the receiving end will deviate from the position of the point of maximum beam energy, which will make it difficult to stably couple and receive the received signal light, thus affecting the quality of laser link communication.

[0003] Currently, the mainstream methods for suppressing the effects of platform vibration and atmospheric channels in long-range wireless laser communication on mobile platforms mainly involve actively compensating for optical axis misalignment through a precise tracking servo structure and compensating for wavefront distortion of the signal light through an adaptive optics structure. The former is limited by the processing capabilities of precise tracking mechanical servo structures such as fast-reflecting mirrors, resulting in processing delays for situations with strong vibrations and rapid changes in the optical axis, potentially leading to frequent loss of lock and communication interruptions. The latter, limited by size, structure, and cost, is mainly used in large-aperture ground-based optical antennas and is difficult to apply to mobile platforms. Therefore, a low-cost and reliable laser communication technology to suppress the effects of platform vibration and turbulent channels is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a low-cost, stable communication system for suppressing the effects of vibration and turbulence on mobile platforms. The present invention has the advantages of low complexity, fast response speed, low cost, and ease of implementation.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A low-cost laser-stabilized communication system for suppressing vibration and turbulence effects on a mobile platform includes a signal light emitting structure 102, a beacon light emitting structure 105, a beacon light detection structure 106, a laser emitting and receiving lens structure 107, a beacon light and signal light beam combiner 108, a servo structure 109, and a matching lens group structure 110. The beacon light emitting structure 105 emits beacon light, and the signal light emitting structure 102 emits signal light. The beacon light and the signal light are combined by the beacon light and signal light beam combiner group 108, and then emitted into free space through the laser emitting and receiving lens structure 107. After passing through the laser emitting and receiving lens structure 107, the beacon light incident from free space passes through the beacon light signal beam combiner group 108 and then enters the beacon light detection structure 106. The beacon light detection structure 106 performs beam splitting, filtering and beam focusing of the beacon light, calculates the beacon light pointing direction, and feeds back to control the servo structure 109 to achieve coarse-grained optical axis pointing maintenance function. After signal light emission, beam shaping, and beam expansion, the signal light emission structure 105 passes through the beacon light and signal light beam combiner group 108, maintaining the signal light and beacon light in a coaxial state, and then enters the laser emission and receiving lens structure 107 together, and then enters free space. The laser transmitting and receiving lens structure 107 realizes the spatial optical path operation of beam expansion, beam splitting, and reflection of signal light and beacon light, and realizes the transmission and reception processing of beacon light and signal light; Servo structure 109 is a mechanical rotation and control structure that enables large-range azimuth and elevation beam pointing rotation adjustment and stable control of a low-cost and stable communication system. It enables beam pointing adjustment and maintenance in a specific direction when the mounting platform is in motion or stationary. The matching mirror assembly structure 110 is used to realize the functional coupling between the various structures and the optical path design.

[0006] Furthermore, it also includes a laser precision tracking structure 101, a signal light multi-mode receiving structure 103, and an optical signal routing and merging processing module 104; The signal light receiving optical path is transmitted from free space to the laser emitting and receiving lens structure 107, and then enters the beacon light signal beam combiner group 108 to realize the forwarding of the optical signal. The optical signal enters the signal light multi-mode receiving structure 103 through the laser fine tracking structure 101. After the signal light is converted into an electrical signal, it is transmitted into the optical signal selection and merging processing module 104. The optical path needs to pass through the necessary matching lens group structure in the middle. The signal light multi-mode receiving structure 103 consists of a signal light receiving mirror group 1031 and a signal light margin coupling receiving module 1032. After the signal light is filtered and beam converged, the signal light multi-mode receiving structure 103 achieves margin coupling processing capability for the incident signal light through the signal light receiving mirror group 1031 and the signal light margin coupling receiving module 1032. The coupled signal light is then transmitted to the optical signal routing and merging processing module 104 to realize the signal light coupling detection and receiving function.

[0007] Furthermore, the signal light emitting structure 102 includes a first beam shaping, beam expanding, and collimating lens group and a signal light laser emitting module. The first beam shaping, beam expanding, and collimating lens group adopts a transmission structure, a reflection structure, or a combination of transmission and reflection structures. The signal light laser emitting module adopts a direct-modulated laser or an externally modulated laser. The beacon light emitting structure 105 includes a second beam shaping, beam expanding, collimating lens group and a beacon light laser emitting module. The second beam shaping, beam expanding, collimating lens group adopts a transmission structure, a reflection structure, or a combination of transmission and reflection. The beacon light laser emitting module adopts a semiconductor laser or a combination of a semiconductor laser and a laser power amplifier. The beacon light detection structure 106 includes an optical lens group for beam convergence, collimation and filtering, a beacon light detector and a beacon light spot information demodulation module. The beacon light detector is a four-quadrant detector, an array detector, a CCD or a CMOS detector. The laser emitting and receiving lens structure 107 includes a laser beam expander group and a shaping optical path. The laser beam expander group and the shaping optical path adopt a transmission structure, a reflection structure, or a combination of transmission and reflection structures. The beacon light signal light beam combiner group 108 includes a beam splitter group, a fine tracking detector, and a beam combiner matching lens group. The beam splitter group can realize the transmission and reception isolation and beam combining of the received and transmitted signal light and beacon light. The fine tracking detector adopts a four-quadrant detector, an array detector, a CCD, or a CMOS detector. The servo structure 109 includes a servo rotation structure, a servo motor, and a servo control module. The servo rotation structure is composed of a two-axis, three-axis, other multi-axis structure, an angle rotation servo structure, or a combination of the above structures. The servo control module includes an angle encoder, a servo control board, and supporting modules. The matching lens assembly structure 110 includes a reflecting mirror or a transmitting mirror between each spatial optical path optical lens.

[0008] Furthermore, the laser fine tracking structure 101 includes a control structure for adjusting the direction deflection of the receiving and transmitting beams of the beacon light and signal light. The laser fine tracking structure adopts a galvanometer, a double optical wedge rotation structure, or a combination of the above structures. The optical signal routing and merging processing module 104 realizes the signal quality discrimination function of multiple digital signals, and selects to merge signals or retain only one signal according to the different signal quality distributions; according to other supporting computing and processing requirements, it uses FPGA or other chips to implement signal processing functions.

[0009] Furthermore, the signal light margin coupling receiver module 1032 includes an optical fiber array and a multi-channel photoelectric conversion module installed at the position of the signal light coupling target surface. The fiber array is composed of single-mode fibers, and each single-mode fiber is arranged sequentially around the intersection of the signal light optical axis and the signal light target surface. The tilt angle of each fiber is appropriately increased as the distance from the optical axis increases, so as to ensure that it maintains a specific angular distribution with respect to the optical axis. The aforementioned multi-channel photoelectric conversion module has the function of converting optical signals into digital electrical signals, and is composed of a photoelectric detection module and an analog-to-digital conversion module; the multi-channel photoelectric conversion module is composed of integrated or discrete photoelectric conversion modules.

[0010] Furthermore, the beacon light emission path transmits from the beacon light emission structure 105 to the beacon light signal beam combiner 108, then enters the transmitting and receiving lens structure 107, and then enters free space. The optical path needs to pass through the matching lens group 110 structure in the middle. The beacon light receiving optical path is transmitted from free space to the laser emitting and receiving lens structure 107, then enters the beacon light signal beam combiner group 108, and then enters the beacon light detection structure. The optical path needs to pass through the necessary matching lens group 110 structure in the middle. The signal light emitting optical path is transmitted from the signal light emitting structure 102 to the beacon light signal light combining mirror group 108, then enters the laser fine tracking structure 101, then enters the transmitting and receiving lens structure, and then enters free space. The optical path needs to pass through the necessary matching mirror group 110 structure in the middle. The signal light receiving optical path is transmitted from free space to the laser emitting and receiving lens structure 107, then enters the beacon light signal light beam combiner group 108, then enters the laser fine tracking structure 101, and then enters the signal light multi-mode receiving structure 103. After the optical signal is converted into an electrical signal, it is transmitted into the optical signal selection and merging processing module 104. The optical path needs to pass through the necessary matching lens group 110 structure in the middle.

[0011] Furthermore, the specific process for achieving stable wireless laser communication that resists the effects of vibration and turbulence is as follows: Step 1: The servo structure adjusts the optical axis of the laser stabilization communication system according to the peer position pointing information input by the platform, completes the alignment and capture of the system beam, and establishes the laser link; Step 2: When the equipment platform encounters vibration or the optical path is affected by turbulence during transmission in the atmosphere, the received beam deflects or the distribution of the maximum energy point of the received beam shifts away from the center of the spot. The laser fine tracking structure collects and calculates the energy distribution shift information of the signal beam. When it exceeds the coverage range of the multi-mode signal light receiving structure, the laser fine tracking structure is controlled to achieve large-scale shift suppression control of the received signal light energy. Step 3: For the received signal light after suppressing the large-scale offset of the signal light energy, the optical energy of the illegal incident direction is coupled and received through the signal light multi-mode receiving structure, thereby improving the overall signal light energy coupling efficiency and converting it into a digital communication signal; Step 4: After conversion by the signal optical multi-mode receiver structure, the multiple digital communication signals are transmitted into the optical signal selection and merging processing module. The optical signal selection and merging processing module judges the signal quality information of the multiple signals and compares the communication quality differences of each digital communication signal. When only one digital communication signal has a communication quality far superior to the other signals, that signal is retained and the other signals are discarded. When several digital communication signals have similar communication quality while the other signals have poor quality, the signals with better communication quality are retained and merged to maintain stable communication.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. Low cost and low complexity: This system significantly reduces manufacturing and maintenance costs through optimized structural design and optical path layout, and by adopting a modular integrated design. Compared to traditional solutions that rely on expensive adaptive optics and high-precision fast-reflecting mirrors, this invention greatly reduces hardware complexity while ensuring performance, making it more suitable for widespread application on various mobile platforms.

[0013] 2. Fast response and high stability: By introducing beacon beam pointing calculation and coarse pointing maintenance of servo structure, combined with laser fine tracking structure to quickly suppress signal beam deviation, the system can respond quickly to rapid optical axis changes caused by vibration and turbulence, effectively prevent optical link loss of lock, and significantly improve the stability and continuity of communication link.

[0014] 3. Wide margin coupling reception capability: The multi-mode signal light receiving structure adopts a collaborative design of fiber array and multi-channel photoelectric conversion module to achieve efficient coupling and reception of light signals with non-ideal incident direction, enhance the system's tolerance to beam deviation, and improve the overall light energy utilization and communication quality.

[0015] 4. Intelligent signal merging and routing mechanism: The optical signal routing and merging processing module has the function of real-time judgment of multi-channel signal quality and intelligent routing. It can dynamically select the optimal signal path or merge multiple signals according to the signal quality, further improving the reliability and anti-interference capability of communication and adapting to the communication needs in complex environments. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path design and the composition of each module of the system of the present invention.

[0017] In the figure: laser precision tracking structure 101, signal light emitting structure 102, signal light multi-mode receiving structure 103, optical signal routing and merging processing module 104, beacon light emitting structure 105, beacon light detection structure 106, laser emitting and receiving lens structure 107, 108 beacon light and signal light beam combiner group 108, servo structure 109, matching lens group structure 110, bidirectional transceiver spatial optical path 201, unidirectional spatial optical path 202, free space 300, signal light receiving matching lens group 1031 and signal light margin coupling receiving module 1032. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0019] A low-cost laser-stabilized communication system for suppressing the effects of vibration and turbulence on a mobile platform includes a laser fine-tracking structure 101, a signal light emitting structure 102, a signal light multi-mode receiving structure 103, an optical signal routing and merging processing module 104, a beacon light emitting structure 105, a beacon light detection structure 106, a laser emitting and receiving lens structure 107, a beacon light and signal light beam combiner 108, a servo structure 109, and a matching lens group structure 110.

[0020] The beacon light emitting structure 105 emits beacon light, and the signal light emitting structure 102 emits signal light. The beacon light and signal light are combined by the beacon light and signal light beam combiner group 108, and then emitted into free space 300 through the laser emitting and receiving lens structure 107.

[0021] The beacon light incident from free space 300 passes through the laser emitting and receiving lens structure 107, then through the beacon light signal beam combiner group 108, and finally enters the beacon light detection structure 106. The beacon light detection structure 106 performs beam splitting, filtering, and beam focusing on the beacon light, calculates the beacon light pointing direction, and feeds back to control the servo structure 109 to achieve coarse-grained optical axis pointing maintenance.

[0022] After signal light emission, beam shaping, and beam expansion, the signal light emission structure 102 passes through the beacon light and signal light beam combiner group 108, maintaining the signal light and beacon light in a coaxial state, and then enters the laser emission and receiving lens structure 107 together, and then enters the 300 free space.

[0023] The signal light multi-mode receiving structure 103 performs signal light filtering and beam focusing processing. Then, through the signal light receiving mirror group 1031 and the signal light margin coupling receiving module 1032, it achieves the margin coupling processing capability of the incident signal light. The coupled signal light is then transmitted to the optical signal routing and merging processing module 104 to realize the signal light coupling detection and receiving function.

[0024] The laser transmitting and receiving lens structure 107 realizes spatial optical path operations such as beam expansion, beam splitting, and reflection of signal light and beacon light, and realizes the transmission and reception processing of beacon light and signal light.

[0025] Servo structure 109 is a mechanical rotation and control structure that enables large-range azimuth and elevation beam pointing rotation adjustment and stable control of a low-cost and stable communication system. It enables beam pointing adjustment and maintenance in a specific direction when the mounting platform is in motion or stationary.

[0026] The matching mirror assembly 110 is used to achieve functional coupling between various structures and optical path design.

[0027] The beacon light emitting structure emits beacon light, and the signal light emitting structure emits signal light. The beacon light and signal light are combined by the beacon light and signal light beam combiner, and then emitted into free space through the laser emitting and receiving lens structure.

[0028] The beacon light incident from free space passes through the laser transmitting and receiving lens structure, then through the beacon light signal beam combiner, and finally enters the beacon light detection structure. The beacon light detection structure performs beam splitting, filtering, and beam focusing on the beacon light, calculates the beacon light pointing direction, and provides feedback control to the servo structure to maintain coarse-grained optical axis pointing.

[0029] The signal light emitting structure transmits, beams, and expands the signal light. After passing through the beacon light and signal light combining lens group, the signal light and beacon light maintain a coaxial state and enter the laser emitting and receiving lens structure together, and then enter free space.

[0030] The signal light multi-mode receiving structure achieves signal light filtering and beam focusing processing, and then realizes the margin coupling processing capability of the incident signal light through the signal light receiving mirror group and the signal light margin coupling receiving module. The coupled signal light is then transmitted to the optical signal routing and merging processing module to realize the signal light coupling detection and receiving function.

[0031] The laser transmitting and receiving lens structure enables spatial optical path operations such as beam expansion, beam splitting, and reflection of signal light and beacon light, realizing the transmission, reception, and processing of beacon light and signal light.

[0032] The servo structure is a mechanical rotation and control structure that enables large-scale azimuth and elevation beam pointing rotation adjustment and stable control of a low-cost and stable communication system. It can adjust and maintain the beam pointing in a specific direction when the mounting platform is in motion or stationary.

[0033] The matching lens assembly is used to achieve functional coupling between various structures and optical path design.

[0034] The laser fine tracking structure includes a structure for adjusting the direction deflection of the receiving and transmitting beams of the beacon light and signal light. The laser fine tracking structure adopts a galvanometer, a double optical wedge rotation structure, or a combination of the above structures. The signal light emitting structure includes a beam shaping, beam expanding, collimating lens group and a signal light laser emitting module. The beam shaping, beam expanding, and collimating lens group adopts a transmission structure, a reflection structure, or a combination of transmission and reflection. The signal light laser emitting module adopts a direct-modulated laser or an externally modulated laser. The signal light multi-mode receiving structure includes a signal light receiving lens group with beam convergence, collimation, and filtering processing, as well as a signal light margin coupling receiving module. The optical signal routing and combining module performs signal quality discrimination of multiple digital signals and selects to combine signals or retain only one signal based on the different signal quality distributions. Depending on other computational processing requirements, FPGA or other chips can be used to implement the signal processing functions.

[0035] The beacon light emitting structure includes a beam shaping, beam expanding, collimating lens group and a beacon light laser emitting module. The beam shaping, beam expanding, and collimating lens group adopts a transmission structure, a reflection structure, or a combination of transmission and reflection. The beacon light laser emitting module adopts a semiconductor laser or a combination of a semiconductor laser and a laser power amplifier. The beacon light detection structure includes an optical lens group for beam convergence, collimation and filtering, a beacon light detector and a beacon light spot information demodulation module. The beacon light detector is a four-quadrant detector, an array detector, a CCD or a CMOS detector. The laser emitting and receiving lens structure includes a laser beam expander group and a shaping optical path. The laser beam expander group and the shaping optical path adopt a transmission structure, a reflection structure, or a combination of transmission and reflection structures. The beacon light signal light beam combiner assembly includes a beam splitter assembly, a fine tracking detector, and necessary supporting mirror assemblies. The beam splitter can realize the isolation and beam combining of the received and transmitted signal light and beacon light. The fine tracking detector adopts a four-quadrant detector, an array detector, a CCD, or a CMOS detector. The servo structure includes a servo rotation structure, a servo motor, and a servo control module. The servo rotation structure is composed of a two-axis, three-axis, other multi-axis structure, an angle rotation servo structure, or a combination of the above structures. The servo control module includes an angle encoder, a servo control board, and necessary supporting modules. The matching lens assembly structure includes the necessary reflecting or transmitting mirrors between the optical lenses of each spatial optical path.

[0036] The signal light margin coupling receiver module includes an optical fiber array and a multi-channel photoelectric conversion module mounted on the signal light coupling target surface. The optical fiber array consists of single-mode fibers, arranged sequentially around the intersection of the signal light optical axis and the signal light target surface. The tilt angle of each fiber increases appropriately with the degree of deviation from the optical axis, thus ensuring a specific angular distribution with respect to the optical axis. This single-mode fiber array is adapted to high-speed communication modules, further solving the problem of limited communication speed.

[0037] A multi-channel photoelectric conversion module has the function of converting optical signals into digital electrical signals, and consists of a photoelectric detection module and an analog-to-digital conversion module. The multi-channel photoelectric conversion module can be composed of integrated or discrete photoelectric conversion modules.

[0038] In the multi-channel photoelectric conversion module, the photoelectric detection module can be selected from detector types such as PIN detector, APD detector, and SPAD detector, depending on the strength of the communication signal and the application scenario. The photoelectric detection devices can be selected from array-type or discrete device configurations according to the design requirements such as equipment size and power supply. The analog-to-digital conversion module realizes the function of converting the analog electrical signal output by the detector into a digital electrical signal, and can be designed to be integrated with the sampling and detector or independent.

[0039] The beacon light emitting optical path transmits light from the beacon light emitting structure to the beacon light signal beam combiner, then enters the transmitting and receiving lens structure, and then enters free space. The optical path needs to pass through the necessary matching lens group structure in the middle. The beacon light receiving optical path is transmitted from free space to the transmitting and receiving lens structure, then enters the beacon light signal beam combiner, and then enters the beacon light detection structure. The optical path needs to pass through the necessary matching lens group structure in the middle. The signal light transmission path is transmitted from the signal light transmitting structure to the beacon light signal light beam combiner, then enters the laser fine tracking structure, then enters the transmitting and receiving lens structure, and then enters free space. The optical path needs to pass through the necessary matching lens group structure in the middle. The signal light receiving optical path is transmitted from free space to the laser emitting and receiving lens structure 107, then enters the beacon light signal light beam combiner group 108, then enters the laser fine tracking structure 101, and then enters the signal light multi-mode receiving structure 103. After the optical signal is converted into an electrical signal, it is transmitted into the optical signal selection and merging processing module 104. The optical path needs to pass through the necessary matching lens group 110 structure in the middle.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the specific process for achieving stable wireless laser communication that resists the effects of vibration and turbulence is as follows: Step 1: Servo structure 109 adjusts the optical axis pointing of laser stabilization communication system 100 according to the peer position pointing information input by the platform, completes the alignment and capture of the system beam, and establishes the laser link; Step 2: When the equipment platform encounters vibration or the optical path is disturbed by turbulence during atmospheric transmission, the received beam deflects or the point of maximum energy distribution shifts away from the center of the beam spot, which manifests as a shift in optical energy distribution. The laser fine tracking structure 101 collects and calculates the signal beam energy distribution shift information. When the shift exceeds the coverage range of the multi-mode signal light receiving structure 103, the laser fine tracking structure 101 is controlled to suppress and control the large-scale shift of the received signal light energy.

[0041] Step 3: For the received signal light after large-scale offset suppression of signal light energy, the signal light multi-mode receiving structure 103 is used to achieve coupled reception of light energy in the illegal incident direction, improve the overall signal light energy coupling efficiency, and convert it into a digital communication signal.

[0042] Step 4: The multiple digital communication signals converted by the signal optical multi-mode receiving structure 103 are transmitted into the optical signal selection and merging processing module 104. The optical signal selection and merging processing module judges the signal quality information of the multiple signals and compares the communication quality differences of each digital communication signal. When only one digital communication signal has a significantly better communication quality than the other signals, that signal is retained while the other signals are discarded; when several digital communication signals have similar communication quality while the other signals have poor quality, the signals with better communication quality are retained and merged to maintain stable communication.

Claims

1. A low-cost laser-stabilized communication system for suppressing the effects of vibration and turbulence on a mobile platform, characterized in that, It includes a signal light emitting structure (102), a beacon light emitting structure (105), a beacon light detection structure (106), a laser emitting and receiving lens structure (107), a beacon light and signal light beam combiner (108), a servo structure (109), and a matching lens group structure (110). The beacon light emitting structure (105) emits beacon light, and the signal light emitting structure (102) emits signal light. The beacon light and signal light are combined by the beacon light and signal light beam combiner group (108) and emitted into free space by the laser emitting and receiving lens structure (107). After the beacon light incident from free space passes through the laser emitting and receiving lens structure (107), it passes through the beacon light signal beam combiner group (108) and then enters the beacon light detection structure (106). The beacon light detection structure (106) realizes the beacon light splitting, filtering and beam convergence processing, realizes the beacon light pointing direction calculation, and feeds back to control the servo structure (109) to realize the coarse-grained optical axis pointing maintenance function. After signal light emission, beam shaping, and beam expansion, the signal light emission structure (105) passes through the beacon light and signal light beam combiner group (108) and maintains the signal light and beacon light in a coaxial state. They then enter the laser emission and receiving lens structure (107) together and then enter free space. The laser transmitting and receiving lens structure (107) realizes the beam expansion, beam splitting, and reflection spatial optical path operation of signal light and beacon light, and realizes the transmission and reception processing of beacon light and signal light; The servo structure (109) is a mechanical rotation and control structure that enables large-range azimuth and elevation beam pointing rotation adjustment and stable control of a low-cost and stable communication system. It enables beam pointing adjustment and maintenance in a specific direction when the mounting platform is in motion or stationary. The matching mirror assembly structure (110) is used to realize the functional coupling and optical path design between the various structures.

2. The low-cost laser-stabilized communication system for suppressing vibration and turbulence effects on a mobile platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a laser fine tracking structure (101), a signal light multi-mode receiving structure (103), and an optical signal routing and merging processing module (104). The signal light receiving optical path is transmitted from free space to the laser emitting and receiving lens structure (107), and then enters the beacon light signal beam combiner group (108) to realize the forwarding of the optical signal. The optical signal enters the signal light multi-mode receiving structure (103) through the laser fine tracking structure (101). After the signal light is converted into an electrical signal, it is transmitted into the optical signal selection and merging processing module (104). The optical path needs to pass through the necessary matching lens group structure in the middle. Among them, the signal light multi-mode receiving structure (103) consists of a signal light receiving matching mirror group (1031) and a signal light margin coupling receiving module (1032). After the signal light is filtered and beam converged, the signal light multi-mode receiving structure (103) realizes the margin coupling processing capability of the incident signal light through the signal light receiving matching mirror group (1031) and the signal light margin coupling receiving module (1032), and transmits the coupled signal light to the optical signal routing and merging processing module (104) to realize the signal light coupling detection and receiving function.

3. The low-cost laser-stabilized communication system for suppressing vibration and turbulence effects on a mobile platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal light emitting structure (102) includes a first beam shaping, beam expanding, collimating lens group and a signal light laser emitting module. The first beam shaping, beam expanding, collimating lens group adopts a transmission structure, a reflection structure, or a combination of transmission and reflection. The signal light laser emitting module adopts a direct-modulated laser or an externally modulated laser. The beacon light emitting structure (105) includes a second beam shaping, beam expanding, collimating lens group and a beacon light laser emitting module. The second beam shaping, beam expanding, collimating lens group adopts a transmission structure, a reflection structure, or a combination of transmission and reflection. The beacon light laser emitting module adopts a semiconductor laser or a combination of a semiconductor laser and a laser power amplifier. The beacon light detection structure (106) includes an optical lens group for beam convergence, collimation and filtering, a beacon light detector and a beacon light spot information demodulation module. The beacon light detector is a four-quadrant detector or an array detector or a CCD or CMOS detector. The laser emitting and receiving lens structure (107) includes a laser beam expander group and a shaping optical path. The laser beam expander group and the shaping optical path adopt a transmission structure, a reflection structure, or a combination of transmission and reflection. The beacon light signal light beam combiner group (108) includes a beam splitter group, a fine tracking detector and a beam combiner matching lens group. The beam splitter group can realize the isolation and beam combining of the received and transmitted signal light and beacon light. The fine tracking detector adopts a four-quadrant detector, an array detector, a CCD or a CMOS detector. The servo structure (109) includes a servo rotation structure, a servo motor and a servo control module. The servo rotation structure is composed of a two-axis, three-axis, other multi-axis structure, angle rotation servo structure or a combination of the above structures. The servo control module is composed of an angle encoder, a servo control board and supporting modules. The aforementioned matching lens assembly structure (110) includes a reflector or a transmissive mirror between each spatial optical path optical lens.

4. The low-cost laser-stabilized communication system for suppressing vibration and turbulence effects on a mobile platform according to claim 2, characterized in that, The laser fine tracking structure (101) includes a control structure for adjusting the direction deflection of the receiving and transmitting beams of the beacon light and signal light. The laser fine tracking structure adopts a galvanometer, a double optical wedge rotation structure or a combination of the above structures. The optical signal routing and merging processing module (104) realizes the signal quality discrimination function of multiple digital signals, and selects to merge signals or retain only one signal according to the different signal quality distributions; according to other supporting computing and processing requirements, it uses FPGA or other chips to realize signal processing functions.

5. A low-cost laser-stabilized communication system for suppressing vibration and turbulence effects on a mobile platform according to claim 2, characterized in that, The signal light margin coupling receiver module (1032) includes an optical fiber array and a multi-channel photoelectric conversion module installed at the position of the signal light coupling target surface; The fiber array is composed of single-mode fibers, and each single-mode fiber is arranged sequentially around the intersection of the signal light optical axis and the signal light target surface. The tilt angle of each fiber is appropriately increased as the distance from the optical axis increases, so as to ensure that it maintains a specific angular distribution with respect to the optical axis. The aforementioned multi-channel photoelectric conversion module has the function of converting optical signals into digital electrical signals, and is composed of a photoelectric detection module and an analog-to-digital conversion module; the multi-channel photoelectric conversion module is composed of integrated or discrete photoelectric conversion modules.

6. The low-cost laser-stabilized communication system for suppressing vibration and turbulence effects on a mobile platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The beacon light emission path is transmitted from the beacon light emission structure (105) to the beacon light signal beam combiner (108), then enters the transmitting and receiving lens structure (107), and then enters free space. The optical path needs to pass through the matching lens group (110) structure in the middle. The beacon light receiving optical path is transmitted from free space to the laser emitting and receiving lens structure (107), then enters the beacon light signal beam combining mirror group (108), and then enters the beacon light detection structure. The optical path needs to pass through the necessary matching mirror group (110) structure in the middle. The signal light emitting optical path is transmitted from the signal light emitting structure (102) to the beacon light signal light beam combiner (108), then enters the laser fine tracking structure (101), then enters the transmitting and receiving lens structure, and then enters free space. The optical path needs to pass through the necessary matching lens group (110) structure in the middle. The signal light receiving optical path is transmitted from free space to the laser emitting and receiving lens structure (107), then enters the beacon light signal beam combiner group (108), then enters the laser fine tracking structure (101), and then enters the signal light multi-mode receiving structure (103). After the optical signal is converted into an electrical signal, it is transmitted into the optical signal selection and merging processing module (104). The optical path needs to pass through the necessary matching lens group (110) structure in the middle.

7. The low-cost laser-stabilized communication system for suppressing vibration and turbulence effects on a mobile platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific process for achieving stable wireless laser communication that resists the effects of vibration and turbulence is as follows: Step 1: The servo structure adjusts the optical axis of the laser stabilization communication system according to the peer position pointing information input by the platform, completes the alignment and capture of the system beam, and establishes the laser link; Step 2: When the equipment platform encounters vibration or the optical path is affected by turbulence during transmission in the atmosphere, the received beam deflects or the distribution of the maximum energy point of the received beam shifts away from the center of the spot. The laser fine tracking structure collects and calculates the energy distribution shift information of the signal beam. When it exceeds the coverage range of the multi-mode signal light receiving structure, the laser fine tracking structure is controlled to achieve large-scale shift suppression control of the received signal light energy. Step 3: For the received signal light after suppressing the large-scale offset of the signal light energy, the optical energy of the illegal incident direction is coupled and received through the signal light multi-mode receiving structure, thereby improving the overall signal light energy coupling efficiency and converting it into a digital communication signal; Step 4: After conversion by the signal optical multi-mode receiving structure, the multiple digital communication signals are transmitted into the optical signal routing and combining processing module. The optical signal routing and combining processing module judges the signal quality information of the multiple signals and compares the communication quality differences of each digital communication signal. When only one digital communication signal has a communication quality far superior to the other signals, that signal is retained while the other signals are discarded; when several digital communication signals have similar communication quality while the other signals have poor quality, the signals with better communication quality are retained and the signals are merged to maintain stable communication.

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