Energy-saving environment control system for cultivating low-carbon-dioxide rare bacteria

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy-saving environment control system for cultivating low-carbon-dioxide valuable and rare bacteria, and relates to the technical field of fungus cultivation equipment. A multi-gear frequency conversion fan is arranged in a power cabin, an HEPA filter screen and an activated carbon layer are sequentially arranged in a filter cabin, a spiral water-cooling coil pipe and a wet curtain device are arranged in a cooling cabin, an ultraviolet lamp and a photocatalyst coating are arranged in a disinfection cabin, and a fin type heat exchanger and a phase change energy storage module are arranged in a heat recovery cabin; the dynamic ventilation pipeline comprises a main air duct which is telescopic and heat-insulating, an electric air valve array is arranged at the tail end of the dynamic ventilation pipeline, a bypass mechanism is provided with a bypass pipeline and a switching valve, and air ports are formed in the tail ends of a plurality of branches; the monitoring and control unit comprises a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) and is electrically connected with a temperature and humidity sensor, a CO / O concentration sensor, a wind speed sensor, an air quality sensor, a built-in timer and a logical operation module; precise control over the cultivation environment of the rare bacteria and efficient utilization of heat energy are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fungal cultivation equipment technology, and in particular to an energy-saving environmental control system for cultivating rare low-carbon dioxide fungi. Background Technology

[0002] In the cultivation of rare fungi, ventilation systems are a key factor in ensuring the healthy growth of the fungi. Traditional fresh air systems typically employ a relatively simple design, making it difficult to precisely adjust them according to the characteristics of different growth stages of rare fungi. For example, the requirements of rare fungi for environmental parameters such as ventilation volume, temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration differ significantly during the mycelial, primordial, and fruiting body stages. However, traditional systems often cannot flexibly adapt to these changes, resulting in ventilation parameters that are difficult to accurately match the growth needs of the fungi. This can not only affect the growth rate and quality of rare fungi but also lead to problems such as pests and diseases due to improper ventilation, thereby increasing production costs and risks. In addition, traditional systems also have significant shortcomings in heat energy utilization. A large amount of waste heat in the exhaust air is not effectively recovered and utilized, resulting in energy waste, especially when additional heating of the fungal bed is required, further increasing energy consumption and operating costs.

[0003] Although some improved ventilation systems have been developed on the market, such as the mushroom house ventilation system with application number CN202411521900.0, which attempts to address the aforementioned problems, many limitations remain. While some improved solutions introduce simple ventilation adjustment functions, the adjustment methods are rather crude, relying heavily on manual adjustments based on experience, making precise and dynamic ventilation control difficult. For example, when facing complex and changing weather conditions and the growth status of the fungi, manual adjustment is not only inefficient but also prone to errors, failing to meet the actual needs of fungal growth in a timely manner. Furthermore, while some systems consider heat recovery, the recovery methods are relatively simple, resulting in low heat recovery efficiency and inability to fully utilize the waste heat in the exhaust air. For instance, relying solely on simple heat exchangers without incorporating advanced energy storage technology leads to the inability to effectively utilize heat stored during the day at night or during low-temperature periods, resulting in poor continuity and stability of heat utilization, making it difficult to meet the stringent requirements of stable environmental conditions for the cultivation of rare fungi. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to at least solve one of the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention aims to provide an energy-saving environmental control system for cultivating rare bacteria with low carbon dioxide, so as to achieve precise control of the cultivation environment of rare bacteria and efficient utilization of heat energy.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] An energy-saving environmental control system for cultivating rare low-carbon dioxide bacteria, characterized in that it includes:

[0007] The fresh air handling unit has a rectangular structure and includes a power compartment, a filter compartment, a cooling compartment, a disinfection compartment, and a heat recovery compartment. The power compartment houses a variable frequency fan with multi-speed adjustment. The filter compartment contains a HEPA filter and an activated carbon layer. The cooling compartment includes a water-cooled coil and a wet curtain device. The water-cooled coil is spirally wound inside the cooling compartment and connected to an external cooling water source via pipes. The wet curtain device is fixed to the cooling compartment near the air outlet by a bracket. The disinfection compartment contains ultraviolet lamps and a photocatalytic coating. The ultraviolet lamps are fixed to the top of the disinfection compartment by lamp holders, and the photocatalytic coating is evenly sprayed onto the inner wall of the disinfection compartment. The heat recovery compartment includes a finned heat exchanger and a phase change energy storage module. The finned heat exchanger is fixed inside the heat recovery compartment by a bracket, and the phase change energy storage module is filled around the finned heat exchanger.

[0008] The dynamic ventilation system includes a main air duct, a bypass mechanism, and multiple branch lines. The main air duct extends from the air outlet of the heat recovery chamber and is a retractable insulated pipe. An array of electrically operated dampers is located at the end of the main air duct. This array consists of multiple electrically operated dampers connected to the end of the main air duct via flanges and capable of independent control of their opening and closing. The bypass mechanism includes a bypass pipe connected to the main air duct and equipped with a switching valve. The branch lines branch off from the main air duct and extend to various areas within the cultivation site. Each branch line has an air outlet at its end.

[0009] The monitoring and control unit includes a PLC controller, which is electrically connected to a temperature and humidity sensor installed in the cultivation area, a CO2 / O2 concentration sensor installed in the cultivation area, a wind speed sensor installed in the main air duct and branch lines, and an air quality sensor for monitoring outdoor air quality. The PLC controller has a built-in timer and logic operation module.

[0010] Preferably, the variable frequency fan is fixed to the internal support of the power compartment with bolts, its air inlet is connected to the outside air, and its air outlet is connected to the filter chamber through a pipe; the filter chamber has a slot for placing the HEPA filter and activated carbon layer, the air inlet of the filter chamber is connected to the air outlet of the power compartment, and the air outlet is connected to the cooling chamber; the air inlet of the cooling chamber is connected to the air outlet of the filter chamber, and the air outlet is connected to the disinfection chamber; the air inlet of the disinfection chamber is connected to the air outlet of the cooling chamber, and the air outlet is connected to the heat recovery chamber; the air inlet of the heat recovery chamber is connected to the air outlet of the disinfection chamber, and the air outlet is connected to the main air duct of the dynamic ventilation system through a pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the main air duct consists of two layers of metal pipes, inner and outer, and insulation material in between. It achieves expansion and contraction through a corrugated pipe structure and is laid along the top or side wall of the cultivation site.

[0012] Preferably, the PLC controller supports remote mobile phone operation, and the system can be remotely monitored and controlled through a mobile APP or web interface.

[0013] Preferably, the variable frequency fan in the power compartment has a multi-level adjustment function for automatically switching the fungal growth stage mode. The fungal growth stage mode includes mycelial stage, primordium stage, and fruiting body stage, with different ventilation parameters corresponding to different stages.

[0014] Mycelial stage: Low-frequency ventilation, fan at level 1, once every 2 hours, air valve opening 30%. The PLC controller controls the variable frequency fan to run at low frequency at level 1 according to the preset mycelial stage parameters, and at the same time controls the air valve opening of the corresponding branch in the electric air valve array to 30%, ventilating once every 2 hours.

[0015] Original base period: Medium frequency ventilation, fan at level 2, once per hour, damper opening at 50%, maintaining CO2 concentration at 800-1000ppm. The PLC controller controls the variable frequency fan to operate at level 2 medium frequency according to the original base period parameters, with the damper opening at 50%, ventilating once per hour. At the same time, the ventilation parameters are adjusted in real time according to the CO2 concentration data fed back by the CO2 / O2 concentration sensor.

[0016] During the fruiting body stage: High-frequency ventilation, fan at level 3, once every 30 minutes, air valve opening at 80%, combined with evaporative cooling pads to ensure CO2 concentration ≤1200ppm. The PLC controller controls the variable frequency fan to operate at high frequency at level 3 according to the fruiting body stage parameters, with the air valve opening at 80%, ventilating once every 30 minutes, while simultaneously activating the evaporative cooling pads for cooling, and adjusting the ventilation parameters based on data feedback from the CO2 / O2 concentration sensors.

[0017] Preferably, when the temperature and humidity sensor detects that the ambient temperature and humidity have reached the high temperature and high humidity set value, the PLC controller issues a command to start the wet curtain device to pre-cool the fresh air. After the fresh air is cooled by the wet curtain device, it enters the disinfection chamber. At the same time, the variable frequency fan operates in high frequency mode to accelerate air circulation. The heat recovery chamber recovers the waste heat of the exhaust air and transfers the heat to the phase change energy storage module for storage through the finned heat exchanger. The recovered heat is used to heat the mushroom bed. The phase change energy storage module stores excess heat for nighttime use. When the ambient temperature drops at night, the phase change energy storage module releases the stored heat to provide a warm environment for the mushroom bed.

[0018] Preferably, the heat recovery chamber exchanges heat with the exhaust air through a finned heat exchanger, absorbing the heat in the exhaust air and transferring it to the phase change energy storage module. The phase change energy storage module undergoes a phase change after absorbing the heat to store it. When heat is needed at night, the phase change energy storage module releases the heat and transports it to the mushroom bed heating device through a pipeline to provide heat for the mushroom bed. The heat recovery chamber is connected to the main air duct of the dynamic ventilation system. The exhaust air enters the heat recovery chamber through the main air duct for heat recovery. The air after heat recovery is then processed according to the system operation mode.

[0019] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] I. Precise Control of Ventilation Parameters to Meet the Needs of Rare Bacteria at Different Growth Stages: Traditional fresh air systems struggle to precisely adjust environmental parameters such as ventilation volume, temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration according to the characteristics of rare bacteria at different growth stages, affecting the growth rate and quality of the bacteria and potentially causing pests and diseases. The fresh air unit of this invention features a built-in variable frequency fan with multi-level adjustment in its power compartment. An electric damper array is located at the end of the main air duct of the dynamic ventilation system, allowing independent control of its opening and closing. The PLC controller of the monitoring and control unit is electrically connected to various sensors and includes a built-in timer and logic operation module. The variable frequency fan's multi-level adjustment function automatically switches between different growth stage modes, corresponding to different ventilation parameters for the mycelial stage, primordium stage, and fruiting body stage. For example, during the mycelial stage, low-frequency ventilation is used with fan speed 1, once every 2 hours, and damper opening at 30%; during the primordium stage, medium-frequency ventilation is used with fan speed 2, once per hour, and damper opening at 50%, etc. Meanwhile, the PLC controller adjusts the ventilation parameters in real time based on the data fed back from each sensor, achieving precise control of the cultivation environment for rare fungi, meeting the needs of different growth stages, which is conducive to the healthy growth of rare fungi, improving growth rate and quality, and reducing the risk of pests and diseases.

[0021] II. Efficient Recovery and Utilization of Thermal Energy, Reducing Energy Consumption and Operating Costs: The current system has shortcomings in thermal energy utilization. A large amount of waste heat from exhaust air is not effectively recovered and utilized, resulting in energy waste. Additional heating of the mushroom bed further increases energy consumption and operating costs. Some improved solutions employ a single, inefficient heat recovery method, failing to fully utilize waste heat. The heat recovery chamber of this invention includes a finned heat exchanger and a phase change energy storage module. The finned heat exchanger is fixed inside the heat recovery chamber by a bracket, and the phase change energy storage module is filled around the finned heat exchanger. When the temperature and humidity sensors detect that the ambient temperature and humidity have reached the high temperature and high humidity setpoints, the heat recovery chamber recovers the waste heat from the exhaust air and transfers it to the phase change energy storage module for storage through the finned heat exchanger. The recovered heat is used to heat the mushroom bed. The phase change energy storage module stores excess heat for nighttime use. When the ambient temperature drops at night, the phase change energy storage module releases the stored heat, providing a warm environment for the mushroom bed. This thermal energy recovery and utilization method improves energy efficiency, reduces energy waste, and lowers energy consumption and operating costs.

[0022] III. Optimized Air Filtration and Disinfection to Ensure a Clean Growth Environment for Rare Bacteria: Rare bacteria require high-quality ambient air for growth, and traditional systems may not be able to effectively filter and disinfect impurities, harmful gases, and pathogens in the air. In the fresh air unit of this invention, a HEPA filter and an activated carbon layer are sequentially installed inside the filter chamber. The HEPA filter effectively filters out fine particles in the air, and the activated carbon layer adsorbs harmful gases, providing initial filtration and purification of the incoming fresh air. The disinfection chamber is equipped with an ultraviolet lamp and a photocatalytic coating. The ultraviolet lamp is fixed to the top of the disinfection chamber via a lamp holder, and the photocatalytic coating is evenly sprayed onto the inner wall of the disinfection chamber. When fresh air passes through the disinfection chamber, the ultraviolet lamp and the photocatalytic coating work synergistically to further kill pathogens and microorganisms in the air, ensuring clean air entering the cultivation area and providing a favorable growth environment for rare bacteria.

[0023] IV. Flexible Ventilation Path Adjustment to Adapt to Different Cultivation Site Layouts: Different cultivation sites have varying layouts and needs, and traditional ventilation systems with fixed ductwork are difficult to adapt flexibly. The dynamic ventilation ductwork of this invention includes a main duct, a bypass mechanism, and multiple branch lines. The main duct is a retractable, insulated pipe laid along the top or side walls of the cultivation site, and can be adjusted according to the space available. An array of electrically operated dampers is located at the end of the main duct, allowing independent control of the opening and closing of the dampers in each branch line, achieving ventilation control in different areas. The bypass mechanism includes a bypass pipe connected to the main duct, equipped with a switching valve to switch the ventilation path according to actual needs. Branch lines branch off from the main duct, extending to various areas within the cultivation site. Each branch line ends with an air outlet, accurately delivering fresh air to each cultivation area. This flexible ventilation ductwork design adapts to different cultivation site layouts, improving the applicability and flexibility of the ventilation system.

[0024] V. Remote Monitoring and Control for Enhanced System Management Convenience: Traditional systems often rely on manual on-site operation and adjustment, which is inefficient and prone to errors. The PLC controller of the monitoring and control unit in this invention supports remote mobile phone operation, allowing for remote monitoring and control of the system via a mobile app or web interface. Operators can monitor environmental parameters such as temperature and humidity, CO2 / O2 concentration, and wind speed in the cultivation area, as well as the system's operating status, in real time without being physically present. They can also remotely adjust ventilation parameters and start or stop relevant equipment as needed. This remote monitoring and control function enhances system management convenience, improves work efficiency, and reduces errors that may arise from manual operation.

[0025] VI. Multi-module collaborative operation for stable and efficient system operation: The fresh air handling unit, dynamic ventilation duct, and monitoring and control unit of this invention work collaboratively. The fresh air handling unit is responsible for providing fresh air and performing preliminary treatment. The dynamic ventilation duct rationally distributes the fresh air to each cultivation area. The monitoring and control unit monitors environmental parameters in real time and controls the operation of each module. For example, when changes in environmental parameters are detected, the PLC controller, based on preset logic and sensor feedback data, controls the variable frequency fan to adjust its speed, the electric air valve array to adjust the opening of the air valves, and the evaporative cooling pad to start or stop, etc. The cooperation of each module ensures the stable and efficient operation of the system, providing a reliable environmental guarantee for the cultivation of rare fungi.

[0026] VII. It possesses a certain function in reducing carbon dioxide emissions: This system effectively reduces carbon dioxide emissions by precisely controlling ventilation parameters. During different growth stages of the rare fungi, the system automatically switches ventilation modes according to their characteristics. Low-frequency ventilation is used during the mycelial stage to reduce unnecessary fresh air introduction; medium-frequency ventilation is used during the primordium stage to maintain a suitable carbon dioxide concentration; and high-frequency ventilation is used during the fruiting body stage to ensure that the carbon dioxide concentration does not exceed the standard. Simultaneously, the PLC controller adjusts the ventilation parameters in real time based on data from the CO2 / O2 concentration sensors, avoiding excessive ventilation that would lead to energy waste and increased carbon dioxide emissions, and also preventing insufficient ventilation that would cause carbon dioxide accumulation. Thus, while meeting the growth needs of the rare fungi, it achieves effective control of carbon dioxide emissions. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Fig. 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Fig. 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 101, Power compartment; 102, Filter compartment; 103, Cooling compartment; 104, Disinfection compartment; 105, Heat recovery compartment; 201, Variable frequency fan; 221, HEPA filter; 222, Activated carbon layer; 231, Water-cooled coil; 232, Evaporative cooling pad; 241, Ultraviolet lamp; 251, Finned heat exchanger; 252, Phase change energy storage module; 301, Main air duct; 321, Bypass pipe; 322, Switching valve; 303, Branch line; 304, Electric air valve array. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] like Figs. 1-2 As shown, an energy-saving environmental control system for cultivating rare low-carbon dioxide bacteria is characterized by comprising:

[0033] The fresh air handling unit has a rectangular structure, including a power compartment 101, a filter compartment 102, a cooling compartment 103, a disinfection compartment 104, and a heat recovery compartment 105. The power compartment 101 houses a variable frequency fan 201 with multi-speed adjustment. The filter compartment 102 contains a HEPA filter 221 and an activated carbon layer 222. The cooling compartment 103 includes a water-cooled coil 231 and a wet curtain device 232. The water-cooled coil 231 is spirally wound inside the cooling compartment 103 and connected to an external cooling water source through pipes. The evaporative cooling pad 232 is fixed to the cooling chamber 103 near the air outlet by a bracket; the disinfection chamber 104 is equipped with an ultraviolet lamp 241 and a photocatalytic coating. The ultraviolet lamp 241 is fixed to the top of the disinfection chamber 104 by a lamp holder, and the photocatalytic coating is evenly sprayed on the inner wall of the disinfection chamber 104; the heat recovery chamber 105 includes a finned heat exchanger 251 and a phase change energy storage module 252. The finned heat exchanger 251 is fixed inside the heat recovery chamber 105 by a bracket, and the phase change energy storage module 252 is filled around the finned heat exchanger 251.

[0034] The dynamic ventilation system includes a main air duct 301, a bypass mechanism, and multiple branch lines 303. The main air duct 301 extends from the air outlet of the heat recovery chamber 105 and is a retractable insulated duct. At its end, it is equipped with an electric damper array 304, which consists of multiple electric dampers connected to the end of the main air duct 301 via flanges and whose opening and closing and opening degree can be independently controlled as needed. The bypass mechanism includes a bypass pipe 321, which is connected to the main air duct 301 via a pipe. A switching valve 322 is installed on the bypass pipe 321. The branch lines 303 branch out from the main air duct 301 and extend to various areas within the cultivation site. Each branch line 303 is equipped with an air outlet at its end.

[0035] The monitoring and control unit includes a PLC controller. The PLC controller is electrically connected to temperature and humidity sensors installed in the cultivation area, CO2 / O2 concentration sensors installed in the cultivation area, wind speed sensors installed in the main air duct 301 and branch duct 303, and air quality sensors that monitor outdoor air quality. The PLC controller has a built-in timer and logic operation module.

[0036] like Figs. 1-2 As shown, the variable frequency fan 201 inside the power compartment 101 starts, drawing outside air into the system. The variable frequency fan 201 has multi-speed adjustment capabilities, automatically switching to the appropriate speed via a PLC controller to provide different air volumes according to the needs of different growth stages of the rare bacteria. For example, during the mycelial stage, the fan operates at speed 1 (low frequency); during the primordia stage, it operates at speed 2 (medium frequency); and during the fruiting body stage, it operates at speed 3 (high frequency). The drawn-in fresh air first enters the filter chamber 102, passing sequentially through the HEPA filter 221 and the activated carbon layer 222. The HEPA filter 221 effectively filters fine particles in the air, such as dust and pollen; the activated carbon layer 222 adsorbs harmful gases in the air, such as odors and volatile organic compounds, providing preliminary purification of the fresh air. The filtered fresh air then enters the cooling chamber 103. When the ambient temperature is high, the water-cooling coil 231 comes into play. Since the water-cooling coil 231 is spirally coiled inside the cooling chamber 103 and connected to an external cooling water source, the cooling water circulates within the coil, exchanging heat with the fresh air and lowering its temperature. Simultaneously, the evaporative cooling pad 232 can also be activated as needed. As the fresh air passes through the evaporative cooling pad 232, the moisture evaporates, absorbing heat and further cooling the fresh air. The cooled fresh air enters the disinfection chamber 104, where the ultraviolet lamps 241 emit ultraviolet light to kill germs and microorganisms in the air. At the same time, the photocatalytic coating evenly sprayed on the inner wall of the disinfection chamber 104 produces a catalytic effect under ultraviolet irradiation, decomposing organic pollutants in the air and further purifying the air, ensuring clean air entering the cultivation area.

[0037] After treatment, the fresh air enters the heat recovery chamber 105 through the disinfection chamber 104, while the exhaust air from the cultivation area also enters the heat recovery chamber 105 through dynamic ventilation ducts. The finned heat exchanger 251 inside the heat recovery chamber 105 exchanges heat with the exhaust air, absorbing heat from the exhaust air and transferring it to the phase change energy storage module 252 surrounding the finned heat exchanger 251. The phase change energy storage module 252 undergoes a phase change (e.g., from solid to liquid) after absorbing heat, thus storing the heat. The recovered heat can be used for heating the mushroom bed. When heating the mushroom bed is required, the phase change energy storage module 252 releases the stored heat, which is then transported to the mushroom bed heating device through pipes to provide heat to the mushroom bed. At night or during periods of low temperature, excess heat stored in the phase change energy storage module 252 can continue to be released to maintain the temperature of the mushroom bed and ensure a stable growth environment for rare fungi.

[0038] Fresh air treated by the heat recovery chamber 105 enters the main air duct 301 of the dynamic ventilation system. The main air duct 301 is a retractable insulated pipe laid along the top or side wall of the cultivation area. An electric damper array 304 is located at the end of the main air duct 301. The electric damper array 304 consists of multiple electric dampers connected to the end of the main air duct 301 via flanges, each independently controllable in opening, closing, and degree of opening. The PLC controller controls the opening and closing of the electric dampers according to the needs of different growth stages of the rare bacteria and the actual conditions of each area, achieving ventilation control for different areas. For example, when a certain area needs more fresh air, the PLC controller increases the opening of the damper in the corresponding branch 303 of that area; conversely, it decreases the opening or closes the damper. The bypass mechanism includes a bypass pipe 321, which is connected to the main air duct 301 via a pipe. A switching valve 322 is installed on the bypass pipe 321. When the ventilation path needs to be switched or adjusted, the PLC controller controls the opening and closing of the switching valve 322, allowing fresh air to directly enter the cultivation area through the bypass duct 321, bypassing some processing steps to meet ventilation needs in special circumstances. Branch ducts 303 branch off from the main air duct 301, extending to various areas within the cultivation area, with each branch duct 303 ending in an air vent. Fresh air, controlled by the main air duct 301 and the electric air valve array 304, enters each branch duct 303 and is evenly distributed to various areas of the cultivation area through the air vents, providing a suitable growth environment for rare bacteria.

[0039] Temperature and humidity sensors installed in the cultivation area monitor ambient temperature and humidity in real time; CO2 / O2 concentration sensors installed in the cultivation area monitor carbon dioxide and oxygen concentrations in the air in real time; wind speed sensors installed in the main air duct 301 and branch ducts 303 monitor wind speed in real time; and air quality sensors monitor outdoor air quality in real time. These sensors transmit the monitored data to the PLC controller in real time. The PLC controller has a built-in timer and logic operation module. Based on preset parameters for different growth stages of rare bacteria (such as ventilation parameters corresponding to the mycelial stage, primordium stage, and fruiting body stage) and real-time data feedback from the sensors, it automatically controls the speed of the variable frequency fan 201, the opening and closing and degree of the electric air valve array 304, and the start and stop of the wet curtain device 232 through logic operations and analysis, thereby realizing intelligent control of the entire energy-saving fresh air system and ensuring a stable and suitable growth environment for rare bacteria.

[0040] like Figs. 1-2As shown, the variable frequency fan 201 is fixed to the internal support of the power compartment 101. After starting, its air inlet draws in air from the outside and uses its own power to transport the air through the air outlet and pipes to the filter chamber 102. The filter chamber 102 has slots in which the HEPA filter 221 and the activated carbon layer 222 are placed. After entering the filter chamber 102, the air first passes through the HEPA filter 221, which effectively intercepts small particles in the air, such as dust and pollen, providing preliminary filtration. Next, the air passes through the activated carbon layer 222, whose porous structure adsorbs harmful gases in the air, such as odors and volatile organic compounds, completing the air purification process. The purified air then enters the cooling chamber 103, where it exchanges heat with the internal environment to achieve cooling. Although the specific cooling method (such as water cooling or air cooling) is not mentioned, the overall effect is to lower the air temperature, making it more suitable for subsequent entry into the cultivation area. The cooled air enters the disinfection chamber 104, where it undergoes disinfection treatment to kill germs and microorganisms, further ensuring air quality and providing a clean growth environment for rare bacteria. The disinfected air then enters the heat recovery chamber 105, which recovers and reuses heat from the air (the specific heat recovery method is not mentioned, but its overall function is to prepare for potential subsequent heat energy reuse). The treated air is then transported through pipes to the main air duct 301 of the dynamic ventilation system.

[0041] like Figs. 1-2 As shown, the main air duct 301 consists of two layers of metal pipes, inner and outer, and insulation material in between. It utilizes a corrugated pipe structure for expansion and contraction, and is laid along the top or side walls of the cultivation area. Air treated by the heat recovery chamber 105 enters the main air duct 301 and flows along it. Finally, it is transported to various areas of the cultivation area via branch lines 303 (although details about branch lines 303 are not described, it can be inferred that the main air duct 301 distributes air to each cultivation area), providing fresh air for the rare bacteria.

[0042] like Figs. 1-2 As shown, the PLC controller supports remote mobile phone operation, allowing for remote monitoring and control of the system via a mobile app or web interface. Technicians can install the corresponding app on their mobile phones or log in to the system management interface via a web browser to interact with the PLC controller. Through the app or web interface, technicians can view the system's operating status in real time, such as the operating parameters of the variable frequency fan 201, and monitoring data on temperature and humidity in each compartment. Simultaneously, they can remotely control the system, such as adjusting the speed of the variable frequency fan 201 and controlling the opening and closing of electric air valves, thus achieving remote monitoring and management of the system.

[0043] The variable frequency fan 201 in the power compartment 101 has a multi-level adjustment function for automatically switching the fungal growth stage mode. The fungal growth stage mode includes mycelial stage, primordium stage, and fruiting body stage, with different ventilation parameters corresponding to different stages.

[0044] mycelial stage

[0045] Parameter setting basis: During the mycelial stage, the strain mainly undergoes vegetative growth, has a relatively low oxygen requirement, and the growth environment needs to be kept relatively stable to avoid excessive fluctuations in temperature and humidity caused by frequent ventilation.

[0046] Operation process: Based on preset mycelial stage parameters, the PLC controller sends a command to the variable frequency fan 201, causing it to operate at a low frequency (level 1). At this time, the fan speed is low, generating a small air volume. Simultaneously, it controls the opening degree of the corresponding branch 303 in the electric damper array 304 to 30%, limiting the amount of air entering. Ventilation is performed once every 2 hours, which satisfies the mycelial growth requirement for a small amount of fresh air while maintaining environmental stability.

[0047] Primordial period

[0048] Parameter setting basis: The primordium stage is a critical stage in which the strain transforms from vegetative growth to reproductive growth. It requires an adequate supply of oxygen and a suitable CO2 concentration (800-1000ppm) to promote the normal formation and development of primordia.

[0049] Operation Process: Based on the original baseline parameters, the PLC controller controls the variable frequency fan 201 to operate at a medium frequency of level 2, with a moderate fan speed and increased air volume. The air valve opening is set to 50% to increase air circulation, ventilating once per hour to ensure sufficient fresh air intake. Simultaneously, the CO2 / O2 concentration sensor monitors the CO2 concentration in the environment in real time and feeds the data back to the PLC controller. If the concentration exceeds the set range, the controller adjusts ventilation parameters in real time, such as adjusting the fan speed or air valve opening, to maintain the CO2 concentration at a suitable level.

[0050] fruiting body period

[0051] Parameter setting basis: During the fruiting body stage, the fungal strain grows rapidly and has a vigorous metabolism, requiring a large amount of oxygen and generating a lot of heat. It is necessary to ventilate and cool down in a timely manner, while ensuring that the CO2 concentration does not exceed 1200ppm to prevent excessively high concentrations from affecting the growth of the fruiting bodies.

[0052] Operation Process: The PLC controller, based on the fruiting body stage parameters, controls the variable frequency fan 201 to operate at a high frequency of level 3. The fan rotates at high speed, generating a large air volume; the air valve opening is 80%, maximizing the introduction of fresh air, with ventilation every 30 minutes to meet the oxygen demand of the rapidly growing fruiting bodies. Simultaneously, the evaporative cooling pad 232 is activated; as air passes through the evaporative pad, the evaporation of moisture absorbs heat, achieving a cooling effect. The CO2 / O2 concentration sensor continuously provides feedback data. If the CO2 concentration approaches or exceeds 1200 ppm, the PLC controller adjusts the ventilation parameters, such as further increasing the fan speed or widening the air valve opening, to ensure the CO2 concentration remains within a reasonable range.

[0053] like Figs. 1-2 As shown, when the temperature and humidity sensor detects that the ambient temperature and humidity have reached the preset high temperature and high humidity thresholds (e.g., temperature set to 30℃, humidity set to 80%), the sensor transmits a signal to the PLC controller. Upon receiving the signal, the PLC controller issues a command to activate the evaporative cooling pad 232. Fresh air (air entering from the outside) flows through the evaporative cooling pad 232, where the moisture evaporates and absorbs heat, lowering the temperature of the fresh air. The cooled fresh air then enters the disinfection chamber 104 for disinfection. Simultaneously, the PLC controller controls the variable frequency fan 201 to switch to high-frequency operation mode, increasing the fan speed and accelerating the airflow within the system to enhance ventilation and quickly improve the high temperature and high humidity environment. During ventilation, the heat recovery chamber 105 begins operation. Exhaust air (air discharged from the cultivation area) enters the heat recovery chamber 105 through the main air duct 301 connected to the dynamic ventilation duct. The heat in the exhaust air is transferred to the phase change energy storage module 252 via the finned heat exchanger 251. The finned heat exchanger 251 has a large heat exchange area, which can efficiently transfer heat from the exhaust air to the phase change energy storage module 252. After absorbing heat, the phase change energy storage module 252 undergoes a phase change (e.g., from solid to liquid), storing the heat as latent heat. The stored heat can then be used to heat the mushroom bed, providing a suitable temperature environment for the growth of the microorganisms.

[0054] like Figs. 1-2As shown, the heat recovery chamber 105 exchanges heat with the exhaust air through the finned heat exchanger 251, absorbing the heat in the exhaust air and transferring it to the phase change energy storage module 252. The phase change energy storage module 252 undergoes a phase change to store the heat after absorbing it. When heat is needed at night, the phase change energy storage module 252 releases heat and transports it through pipes to the mushroom bed heating device to provide heat for the mushroom bed. The heat recovery chamber 105 is connected to the main air duct 301 of the dynamic ventilation system. Exhaust air enters the heat recovery chamber 105 through the main air duct 301 for heat recovery. The air after heat recovery is then processed according to the system operating mode. When the ambient temperature drops at night and heat is needed for the mushroom bed, the phase change energy storage module 252 begins to release the stored heat. The phase change material changes from liquid to solid, releasing the previously stored latent heat. The released heat is transported through pipes to the mushroom bed heating device, which transfers the heat to the mushroom bed, providing a warm environment for the growth of the mushrooms and ensuring normal growth even in low-temperature environments at night. After the heat recovery chamber 105 recovers heat, the air is processed according to the system's preset operating mode (e.g., the requirements of different bacterial growth stages for air temperature, humidity, and freshness), such as further adjusting the temperature and humidity or directly expelling it from the system.

[0055] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent substitutions, or modifications made based on the present invention to solve essentially the same technical problems and achieve essentially the same technical effects are all covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy saving environmental control system for cultivating low carbon dioxide rare bacteria, characterized in that, include: The fresh air handling unit has a rectangular structure and includes a power compartment (101), a filter compartment (102), a cooling compartment (103), a disinfection compartment (104), and a heat recovery compartment (105). The power compartment (101) houses a variable frequency fan (201) with multi-speed adjustment. The filter compartment (102) contains a HEPA filter (221) and an activated carbon layer (222). The cooling compartment (103) includes a water-cooled coil (231) and a wet curtain device (232). The water-cooled coil (231) is spirally wound inside the cooling compartment (103) and connected to an external cooling water source via pipes. The wet curtain device (232) is fixed to the cooling chamber (103) near the air outlet by a bracket; the disinfection chamber (104) is equipped with an ultraviolet lamp (241) and a photocatalytic coating. The ultraviolet lamp (241) is fixed to the top of the disinfection chamber (104) by a lamp holder, and the photocatalytic coating is evenly sprayed on the inner wall of the disinfection chamber (104); the heat recovery chamber (105) includes a finned heat exchanger (251) and a phase change energy storage module (252). The finned heat exchanger (251) is fixed in the heat recovery chamber (105) by a bracket, and the phase change energy storage module (252) is filled around the finned heat exchanger (251); The dynamic ventilation duct includes a main air duct (301), a bypass mechanism, and multiple branch lines (303). The main air duct (301) extends from the air outlet of the heat recovery chamber (105) and is a retractable insulated pipe. An electric air valve array (304) is provided at the end of the main air duct. The electric air valve array (304) consists of multiple electric air valves connected to the end of the main air duct (301) by flanges and whose opening and closing and opening degree can be independently controlled as needed. The bypass mechanism includes a bypass pipe (321), which is connected to the main air duct (301) by a pipe. A switching valve (322) is provided on the bypass pipe (321). The branch lines (303) branch out from the main air duct (301) and extend to various areas within the cultivation site. Each branch line (303) is provided with an air outlet at its end. The monitoring and control unit includes a PLC controller, which is electrically connected to a temperature and humidity sensor installed in the cultivation site, a CO2 / O2 concentration sensor installed in the cultivation area, a wind speed sensor installed in the main air duct (301) and branch (303), and an air quality sensor for monitoring outdoor air quality. The PLC controller has a built-in timer and logic operation module.

2. The energy-saving environmental control system for cultivating low-carbon dioxide rare bacteria according to claim 1, characterized in that, The variable frequency fan (201) is fixed on the inner support of the power cabin (101) by bolts, the air inlet thereof is communicated with the outside air, and the air outlet is connected with the filtering bin (102) through a pipeline; the filtering bin (102) is provided with a clamping groove for placing the HEPA filter screen (221) and the activated carbon layer (222), the air inlet of the filtering bin (102) is connected with the air outlet of the power cabin (101), and the air outlet is connected with the cooling bin (103); the air inlet of the cooling bin (103) is connected with the air outlet of the filtering bin (102), and the air outlet is connected with the disinfection bin (104); the air inlet of the disinfection bin (104) is connected with the air outlet of the cooling bin (103), and the air outlet is connected with the heat recovery cabin (105); the air inlet of the heat recovery cabin (105) is connected with the air outlet of the disinfection bin (104), and the air outlet is connected with the main air duct (301) of the dynamic ventilation pipeline through a pipeline.

3. The energy saving environmental control system for cultivating low carbon dioxide rare bacteria according to claim 2, characterized in that, The main air duct (301) is composed of two layers of metal pipelines inside and outside and heat preservation material in the middle, realizes the expansion function through the corrugated pipe structure, and is laid along the top or side wall of the cultivation site.

4. The energy saving environmental control system for cultivating low carbon dioxide rare bacteria according to claim 3, characterized in that, The PLC controller supports remote mobile phone operation, and the system can be remotely monitored and controlled through a mobile phone APP or a webpage.

5. The energy saving environmental control system for cultivating low carbon dioxide rare bacteria according to claim 4, characterized in that, The multi-grade adjustment function of the variable frequency fan (201) of the power cabin (101) is used for automatically switching the strain growth stage mode, the strain growth stage mode includes the mycelium period, the primordium period and the fruiting body period, and different stages correspond to different ventilation parameters: The mycelium period: low-frequency ventilation, fan 1, 1 time / 2 hours, air valve opening degree 30%, the PLC controller controls the variable frequency fan (201) to run at 1 low frequency according to the preset mycelium period parameters, and controls the air valve opening degree of the corresponding branch (303) in the electric air valve array (304) to be 30%, and ventilates once every 2 hours; The primordium period: medium-frequency ventilation, fan 2, 1 time / hour, air valve opening degree 50%, maintain CO2 concentration 800-1000ppm, the PLC controller controls the variable frequency fan (201) to run at 2 medium frequency according to the primordium period parameters, and the air valve opening degree is 50%, ventilates once every hour, and adjusts the ventilation parameters in real time according to the CO2 concentration data fed back by the CO2 / O2 concentration sensor; The fruiting body period: high-frequency ventilation, fan 3, 1 time / 30 minutes, air valve opening degree 80%, cooperate with the wet curtain cooling, ensure that the CO2 concentration is less than or equal to 1200ppm, the PLC controller controls the variable frequency fan (201) to run at 3 high frequency according to the fruiting body period parameters, the air valve opening degree is 80%, ventilates once every 30 minutes, and starts the wet curtain device (232) to cool, and adjusts the ventilation parameters according to the data fed back by the CO2 / O2 concentration sensor.

6. The energy saving environmental control system for cultivating low carbon dioxide rare bacteria according to claim 5, wherein, When the temperature and humidity sensor detects that the ambient temperature and humidity reach the high temperature and humidity set value, the PLC controller issues an instruction to start the wet curtain device (232) to pre-cool the fresh air, and the fresh air enters the sterilization bin (104) after being cooled by the wet curtain device (232); at the same time, the frequency conversion fan (201) operates in high frequency mode to speed up air flow; the heat recovery cabin (105) recovers waste heat of exhaust air, and transfers heat to the phase change energy storage module (252) through the fin heat exchanger (251) for storage, and the recovered heat is used for heating the mushroom bed; the phase change energy storage module (252) stores excess heat for use at night, and releases the stored heat when the ambient temperature decreases at night to provide a warm environment for the mushroom bed.

7. The energy saving environmental control system for cultivating low carbon dioxide rare bacteria according to claim 6, characterized in that, The heat recovery cabin (105) exchanges heat with exhaust air through the fin heat exchanger (251), absorbs heat from the exhaust air and transfers the heat to the phase change energy storage module (252), and the phase change energy storage module (252) changes phase to store heat after absorbing heat; when heat is needed at night, the phase change energy storage module (252) releases heat, which is transported to the mushroom bed heating device through a pipeline to provide heat for the mushroom bed; the heat recovery cabin (105) is connected with the main air duct (301) of the dynamic ventilation pipeline, and the exhaust air enters the heat recovery cabin (105) to recover heat, and the air after recovering heat is processed according to the system operation mode.

Images