Flying dust spraying system and method for open pit coal mine waste dump

Abstract

The invention provides an open-pit coal mine waste dump raised dust spraying system and method.The open-pit coal mine waste dump raised dust spraying system comprises a support, wind blocking mechanisms, a wind power driving mechanism, a spraying mechanism and a recycling mechanism, airflow in the horizontal direction is effectively blocked through the wind blocking mechanisms arranged on the two sides of the support, and initial generation and diffusion of raised dust are restrained; the wind power blade fan located at the top of the support is used for capturing overhead high-speed airflow, the wind energy is transmitted to the wind guiding assembly through the transmission assembly, and therefore active guiding and air pressure adjusting of air in the protection area are achieved, the negative pressure suction effect caused by acceleration of the airflow above the wind shielding facility is weakened, dissipation of dust-containing air is effectively restrained, and the protection effect is improved. And moreover, multi-layer water mist coverage is implemented through the spraying mechanism, the capturing efficiency of dust with different particle sizes is improved, fog drops with adsorbed dust are collected through the recycling mechanism, and the problems that the ground is slippery and muddy due to water mist sedimentation are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dust control technology, specifically to a dust spraying system and method for open-pit coal mine spoil heaps. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous expansion of open-pit mine spoil disposal operations, its impact on the surrounding environment has attracted increasing attention. Dust generated during spoil disposal has become one of the main factors of environmental pollution. Therefore, the design and operation effectiveness of dust control systems are directly related to the actual effectiveness of ecological protection and safe production in mining areas. Under current technological conditions, dust control at spoil disposal sites largely relies on deploying dust suppression spraying devices and supporting windbreak facilities in key areas prone to dust generation. For example, setting up mist cannons and spray barriers along transport roads, or adding windbreaks around loading and unloading areas, aims to reduce the spread of dust by wind through physical shielding.

[0003] However, such windbreak facilities still have certain technical limitations in practical applications. When the ambient airflow is blocked by the windbreak equipment, some of the airflow will turn upwards, causing an increase in air velocity and a decrease in air pressure at that point, thus creating a significant pressure difference between the inside and outside of the windbreak area. Under this pressure difference, dust-laden air that was originally in a relatively static state is easily drawn away by the high-speed airflow above, causing dust to escape outside the protected area. This weakens the overall dust suppression efficiency of the windbreak structure and the supporting sprinkler system, limiting further improvement in dust control effectiveness.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a dust spraying system and method for open-pit coal mine spoil heaps to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, one of the objectives of the present invention is: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a dust suppression spraying system for open-pit coal mine spoil heaps, comprising: support; A windbreak mechanism is provided on both sides of the bracket along the horizontal direction, and the windbreak mechanism is used to block the airflow; A wind-driven mechanism includes a wind turbine blade, a transmission assembly, and an air guide assembly. A mounting base is provided on the top of the bracket. The wind turbine blade is rotatably connected to the mounting base. The air guide assembly is disposed on the bracket. The transmission assembly is disposed between the wind turbine blade and the air guide assembly. The wind turbine blade is driven to the air guide assembly through the transmission assembly. The wind turbine blade can collect aerodynamic energy and drive the air guide assembly to rotate through the transmission assembly. A spraying mechanism, which is fixedly installed on a bracket, is used to spray water mist; A recycling mechanism is fixedly installed on a bracket and is used to recycle water mist.

[0006] In one embodiment, the transmission assembly includes a transmission rod and a plurality of couplings, the plurality of couplings being respectively fixed to the wind turbine blades and the air guide assembly, and the plurality of couplings being connected to the transmission rod in a transmission manner.

[0007] In one embodiment, the transmission rod includes an upper rod and a lower rod, which are connected by an electronically controlled clutch capable of disconnecting or connecting the transmission connection between the upper rod and the lower rod.

[0008] In one embodiment, the air guide assembly includes a plurality of air guide blades, which are fixed to the bracket along the height direction of the bracket, and are located between the wind-blocking mechanisms on both sides of the bracket along the horizontal direction.

[0009] In one embodiment, the windbreak mechanism includes a windbreak seat, a winding rod, and a windbreak curtain. The windbreak seat is fixed to both sides of the bracket in the horizontal direction. A storage cavity is provided inside the windbreak seat. The winding rod is rotatably connected to the storage cavity. The windbreak curtain is wound around the winding rod.

[0010] In one embodiment, the windbreak mechanism further includes an elastic element and a limiting element, the elastic element and the limiting element being fixed to the windbreak seat, the elastic element being disposed between the windbreak seat and the winding rod, the elastic element having a tendency to drive the winding rod to retract the windbreak curtain into the receiving cavity, and the limiting element being used to restrict the rotation of the winding rod.

[0011] In one embodiment, the spraying mechanism includes a water pump, a coarse mist assembly, and a fine mist assembly. The water pump is fixed to the bracket and supplies water to the coarse mist assembly and the fine mist assembly. The coarse mist assembly includes a connecting rod, an upper water supply pipe, and a coarse mist nozzle. The connecting rod and the upper water supply pipe are fixed to the bracket, and the coarse mist nozzle is fixed to the side wall of the upper water supply pipe. The fine mist assembly includes a fine mist spray plate and a lower water supply pipe. The fine mist spray plate and the lower water supply pipe are fixed to the bracket, and the lower water supply pipe communicates with the fine mist spray plate. Fine mist spray holes are provided on the upper wall and both side walls of the fine mist spray plate.

[0012] In one embodiment, the recycling mechanism includes a recycling plate, a recycling pipeline, and a negative pressure fan. The recycling plate, recycling pipeline, and negative pressure fan are fixed to the bracket, and the recycling plate is located below the spraying mechanism. A negative pressure chamber is formed inside the recycling plate, and recycling holes are formed on the upper end surface and both sides of the recycling plate. The negative pressure fan can draw water mist into the negative pressure chamber through the recycling pipeline.

[0013] In one embodiment, the bracket is further provided with a protective shell, the transmission assembly is located inside the protective shell, the bracket has an H-shaped cross-section, a first mounting groove is provided on the upper side of the bracket, the wind turbine blade is located in the first mounting groove, a second mounting groove is provided on the lower side of the bracket, and the air guide assembly is located in the second mounting groove.

[0014] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for dust suppression spraying at open-pit coal mine spoil heaps, employing the aforementioned dust suppression spraying system for open-pit coal mine spoil heaps, the method comprising the following steps: S1: Install the dust spraying system at the open-pit coal mine spoil heap in the work area, and pull out and fix the windbreak curtain; S2: Start the water pump and supply water to the coarse mist nozzles and / or fine spray plates through the upper water supply pipeline and / or the lower water supply pipeline, so that the coarse mist nozzles and / or fine spray plates can spray mist. S3: Start the negative pressure fan to extract the air from the negative pressure chamber in the recovery plate through the recovery pipeline, so that the negative pressure chamber is in a negative pressure state, and suck up the water mist particles with dust adhering to the surrounding area through the recovery hole. S4: Control the electronic clutch to establish a linkage between the upper and lower rods, so that the wind collected by the wind turbine blades can be transmitted to the air guide assembly via the transmission rod, so that the air guide assembly can guide the air in the working area to the other side of the support.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this invention are that the embodiments of this application provide a dust spraying system and method for open-pit coal mine spoil heaps. This dust spraying system includes a support frame, a windbreak mechanism, a wind-driven mechanism, a spraying mechanism, and a recovery mechanism. By integrating the windbreak mechanism, wind-driven mechanism, spraying mechanism, and recovery mechanism onto a unified support structure, a comprehensive dust control system with coordinated functions is constructed. This system not only effectively blocks horizontal airflow through the windbreak mechanisms located on both sides of the support frame, suppressing the initial generation and spread of dust, but also utilizes the wind-driven mechanism located at the top of the support frame to effectively control dust. The bladed fan captures the high-speed airflow overhead and transmits this wind energy to the air guide component through the transmission component, thereby actively guiding and regulating the air pressure within the protected area. This weakens the negative pressure suction effect caused by the accelerated airflow above the windbreak facility, effectively curbing the escape of dust-laden air. Furthermore, the spraying mechanism implements multi-layer water mist coverage, improving the capture efficiency of dust particles of different sizes. The recovery mechanism located below can promptly collect the mist droplets that have adsorbed dust, avoiding the problems of slippery and muddy ground caused by water mist deposition, significantly improving the durability of the dust suppression effect and the safety of the working environment. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dust spraying system and method for an open-pit coal mine spoil heap, provided for some embodiments of this application.

[0017] Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of the windbreak seat and windbreak curtain in a dust spraying system for an open-pit coal mine spoil heap, provided for some embodiments of this application.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the transmission relationship between the wind turbine blades and the guide vanes in a dust spraying system for an open-pit coal mine spoil heap, provided for some embodiments of this application.

[0019] Figure 4 A horizontal front view of a dust spraying system for an open-pit coal mine spoil heap, provided for some embodiments of this application.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a dust spraying system for an open-pit coal mine spoil heap, provided for some embodiments of this application.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the independent structure of a support rod in a dust spraying system for an open-pit coal mine spoil heap, provided for some embodiments of this application.

[0022] Figure 7 A horizontal side view of a dust spraying system for an open-pit coal mine spoil heap, provided for some embodiments of this application.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a structural cross-sectional view of a support rod in a dust spraying system for an open-pit coal mine spoil heap, provided for some embodiments of this application.

[0024] Figure 9 A dust suppression spraying system for open-pit coal mine spoil heaps provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 8 Another perspective view.

[0025] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a support rod separation transmission rod in an open-pit coal mine spoil heap dust spraying system, provided for some embodiments of this application.

[0026] Figure label: 11. Bracket; 12. Support; 13. Windshield; 14. Windshield curtain; 15. Storage cavity; 16. Winding rod; 17. Connecting buckle; 21. Mounting base; 22. Wind turbine blade; 23. Drive rod; 231. Upper rod; 232. Lower rod; 233. Electrically controlled clutch; 24. Guide vane; 25. Coupling; 26. Protective housing; 31. Coarse mist assembly; 32. Fine mist assembly; 311. Connecting rod; 312. Upper water supply pipeline; 313. Coarse mist nozzle; 321. Fine mist spray plate; 322. Lower water supply pipeline; 323. Fine mist spray hole; 41. Recycling plate; 42. Recycling pipeline; 43. Negative pressure chamber; 44. Recycling hole. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0028] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0029] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0030] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or a joint; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0032] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0033] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Firstly, see Figures 1-3 This application provides an embodiment of a dust suppression system for an open-pit coal mine spoil heap. The system includes a support frame 11, a windbreak mechanism, a wind-driven mechanism, a spraying mechanism, and a recovery mechanism. The windbreak mechanism is located on both sides of the support frame 11 along the horizontal direction and is used to block airflow. The wind-driven mechanism includes a fan blade 22, a transmission assembly, and a guide assembly. A mounting base 21 is provided on the top of the support frame 11, and the fan blade 22 is rotatably connected to the mounting base 21. The guide assembly is located on the support frame 11, and the transmission assembly is located between the fan blade 22 and the guide assembly. The fan blade 22 is connected to the guide assembly via the transmission assembly, and the fan blade 22 can collect airflow and drive the guide assembly to rotate via the transmission assembly. The spraying mechanism is fixedly installed on the support frame 11 and is used to spray water mist. The recovery mechanism is fixedly installed on the support frame 11 and is used to recover the water mist.

[0035] The dust suppression spraying system for open-pit coal mine spoil heaps provided in this application integrates a windbreak mechanism, a wind-driven mechanism, a spraying mechanism, and a recovery mechanism onto a unified support structure 11, constructing a comprehensive management system with coordinated functions. It not only effectively blocks horizontal airflow through the windbreak mechanisms on both sides of the support 11, suppressing the initial generation and spread of dust, but also captures high-speed airflow over the top through the wind turbine blades 22 located at the top of the support 11, transmitting this wind energy to the air guide components via a transmission assembly. This achieves active guidance and air pressure regulation of the air within the protected area, thereby weakening the negative pressure suction effect caused by the accelerated airflow above the windbreak facilities and effectively curbing the escape of dust-laden air. Furthermore, the spraying mechanism implements multi-layered water mist coverage, improving the capture efficiency of dust particles of different sizes, while the recovery mechanism located below can promptly collect the adsorbed dust droplets, avoiding slippery and muddy ground problems caused by water mist deposition, significantly improving the durability of the dust suppression effect and the safety of the working environment. In this embodiment, the windward direction of the wind turbine blade 22 is not limited and can be adjusted according to the actual environmental conditions, that is, the installation part can be adjusted to face inward or outward.

[0036] This invention features a wind turbine 22 mounted above a windbreak device. This wind turbine 22 collects the airflow passing above the windbreak device and transmits this power to a guide vane 24 via a coupling 25 and a transmission rod 23. The guide vane 24 then adaptively extracts air from the protected area of ​​the windbreak device according to the strength of the surrounding wind, thereby reducing the air pressure within the protected area. This reduces or avoids the low-pressure extraction effect of the high-speed airflow above, making it difficult for dust-laden gas within the protected area to disperse, thus ensuring the overall dust suppression effect of the windbreak device and its associated dust spraying system.

[0037] like Figure 3 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, in some embodiments, the transmission assembly includes a transmission rod 23 and a plurality of couplings 25, which are respectively fixed to the wind turbine blades 22 and the air guide assembly, and are connected to the transmission rod 23 for transmission.

[0038] By employing a transmission assembly design that combines a transmission rod 23 with multiple couplings 25, an efficient power transmission path is constructed from the wind turbine blades 22 to the air guide assembly. This structure enables the stable and reliable transmission of wind energy collected at the top to the air guide component below, ensuring that the air guide component receives continuous rotational power to regulate the air pressure in the protected area. This effectively counteracts the negative pressure suction effect caused by the overhead airflow. Furthermore, the use of multiple couplings 25 not only adapts to the spatial constraints of the longitudinal arrangement of the transmission rod 23 inside the bracket 11, but also compensates for possible installation alignment errors between different components, improving the overall stability and reliability of the transmission system. This allows the wind-driven mechanism to maintain the air pressure balance within the dust suppression barrier in response to changes in ambient wind force.

[0039] like Figures 6-9 As shown, in some embodiments, the transmission rod 23 includes an upper rod 231 and a lower rod 232, which are connected by an electronically controlled clutch 233. The electronically controlled clutch 233 can disconnect or connect the transmission connection between the upper rod 231 and the lower rod 232.

[0040] By setting an electronically controlled clutch 233 between the upper rod 231 and the lower rod 232 of the transmission rod 23, the system is given the ability to control the wind power transmission process. This allows operators to flexibly connect or disconnect the power transmission from the wind turbine blades 22 to the air guide assembly according to the on-site operation requirements and weather conditions. This enables the air guide assembly to stop operating independently when there is no need for active air guidance or equipment maintenance, without affecting the free rotation of the top wind turbine blades 22. This improves the flexibility and intelligence of the system application, while effectively avoiding ineffective operation and potential wear of the equipment under strong winds or specific conditions, and enhancing the environmental adaptability and ease of operation of the entire dust suppression system.

[0041] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the air guide assembly includes a plurality of air guide blades 24, which are fixed to the support 11 along the height direction of the support 11, and the plurality of air guide blades 24 are located between the wind-blocking mechanisms on both sides of the support 11 in the horizontal direction.

[0042] By arranging multiple guide vanes 24 along the height of the support 11 between the two windbreak mechanisms, a distributed active air guiding system is constructed, enabling the air guiding operation to cover multiple height levels of the protected area. This achieves more three-dimensional and uniform guidance and control of airflow within the barrier. In addition, the coordinated operation of multiple guide vanes 24 significantly enhances the system's ability to draw and replace air within the protected area, effectively breaking down any potential air stagnation layers and ensuring that dust-laden air is efficiently and directionally discharged. This establishes a more stable and reliable air pressure control throughout the dust suppression space, further weakening the negative pressure suction effect caused by the high-speed airflow at the top and improving the overall dust suppression efficiency of the system.

[0043] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the windproof mechanism includes a windproof seat 13, a winding rod 16, and a windproof curtain 14. The windproof seat 13 is fixed to both sides of the bracket 11 in the horizontal direction. A storage cavity 15 is provided in the windproof seat 13. The winding rod 16 is rotatably connected to the storage cavity 15. The windproof curtain 14 is wound around the winding rod 16.

[0044] By employing a windbreak mechanism design that combines a winding rod 16 with a windbreak curtain 14, the windbreak barrier can be flexibly stored and easily deployed. Furthermore, the windbreak curtain 14 can be retracted and extended within the storage cavity 15 along with the winding rod 16, allowing the windbreak mechanism to quickly adjust its shielding range and protective height according to actual operational needs and on-site wind conditions. This not only greatly facilitates the transportation, storage, and on-site layout of the equipment but also endows the system with adaptability to different working conditions. When the operating area changes or the wind weakens, the windbreak curtain 14 can be retracted to reduce land occupation, while in strong winds or key dust suppression areas, it can be quickly deployed to form a complete protective barrier. Thus, while ensuring dust suppression effectiveness, the practicality and economy of the entire system are significantly improved.

[0045] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the windbreak mechanism further includes an elastic element and a limiting element, which are fixed to the windbreak seat 13. The elastic element is disposed between the windbreak seat 13 and the winding rod 16. The elastic element has the tendency to drive the winding rod 16 to retract the windbreak curtain 14 into the receiving cavity 15. The limiting element is used to restrict the rotation of the winding rod 16.

[0046] By incorporating an elastic element and a limiting element within the windshield seat 13, an automatic retraction and positioning mechanism for the windshield curtain 14 is formed. The elastic element continuously applies a rewinding torque to the winding rod 16, ensuring the windshield curtain 14 always tends to automatically retract into the storage cavity 15. This guarantees a quick and smooth retraction operation when the windshield curtain 14 needs to be retracted, significantly improving ease of use. Simultaneously, the limiting element effectively locks the rotational position of the winding rod 16, preventing the windshield curtain 14 from unexpectedly retracting under wind force or equipment vibration, ensuring the stability and reliability of the windshield barrier during operation. The synergistic effect of these two elements gives the windshield mechanism both the advantages of flexible retraction and stable deployment, further enhancing the system's adaptability to complex working conditions.

[0047] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, in some embodiments, the spraying mechanism includes a water pump, a coarse mist assembly 31, and a fine mist assembly 32. The water pump is fixed to the bracket 11 and supplies water to the coarse mist assembly 31 and the fine mist assembly 32. The coarse mist assembly 31 includes a connecting rod 311, an upper water supply pipe 312, and a coarse mist nozzle 313. The connecting rod 311 and the upper water supply pipe 312 are fixed to the bracket 11, and the coarse mist nozzle 313 is fixed to the side wall of the upper water supply pipe 312. The fine mist assembly 32 includes a fine mist spray plate 321 and a lower water supply pipe 322. The fine mist spray plate 321 and the lower water supply pipe 322 are fixed to the bracket 11, and the lower water supply pipe 322 is connected to the fine mist spray plate 321. Fine mist spray holes 323 are provided on the upper wall and both side walls of the fine mist spray plate 321.

[0048] A synergistic multi-stage spray dust suppression system was constructed by setting up a coarse mist component 31 and a fine mist component 32, both supplied with water by a unified water pump. The coarse mist component 31 generates larger water mist particles through its laterally arranged coarse mist nozzles 313, effectively capturing and rapidly settling larger suspended dust particles in the air. Simultaneously, the fine mist component 32, through its specially structured spray plates with multiple perforations on its top and sides, forms a wider-coverage curtain of fine water mist, deeply controlling highly volatile and difficult-to-capture fine dust particles. This three-dimensional spraying mode combining coarse and fine water mist significantly expands the capture efficiency and range of water mist for dust particles of different sizes, overcoming the limited dust suppression range of traditional single-spray methods, thus achieving a more thorough and efficient suppression of dust from spoil heaps.

[0049] The embodiments of the present invention provide a dust suppression spraying system for open-pit coal mine spoil heaps by providing a spraying mechanism with two different spray particle sizes, namely a coarse mist component 31 and a fine mist component 32, to provide a more comprehensive dust suppression effect for the driving and working areas of the spoil heap. This solves the problem that existing dust suppression spraying devices or spray barriers require long-term water spraying on the driving routes of transport vehicles or the loading and unloading areas, which can easily cause the road surface of the driving routes or working areas to become wet, waterlogged, and muddy, affecting driving safety and operational efficiency. By using a spraying mechanism with two different spray particle sizes, namely a coarse mist component 31 and a fine mist component 32, a more comprehensive dust suppression effect is provided for the driving and working areas of the spoil heap. The combination of coarse and fine mists creates a wider adhesion effect on dust particles of different sizes, making the dust suppression effect more efficient.

[0050] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, in some embodiments, the recycling mechanism includes a recycling plate 41, a recycling pipeline 42, and a negative pressure fan. The recycling plate 41, the recycling pipeline 42, and the negative pressure fan are fixed to the bracket 11, and the recycling plate 41 is located below the spraying mechanism. A negative pressure chamber 43 is provided in the recycling plate 41. Recycling holes 44 are provided on the upper end surface and both sides of the recycling plate 41. The negative pressure fan can draw water mist into the negative pressure chamber 43 through the recycling pipeline 42.

[0051] By setting up a recovery mechanism consisting of a recovery plate 41, a recovery pipeline 42, and a negative pressure fan, and by creating a negative pressure chamber 43 inside the recovery plate 41 and arranging recovery holes 44 on its upper end and two sides, a highly efficient water mist capture and recovery system is formed. Positioning the recovery mechanism below the spraying mechanism allows for precise capture of water mist particles that have adsorbed dust and settled. The negative pressure fan generates a constant suction force within the negative pressure chamber 43 through the recovery pipeline 42, causing the mist droplets diffused in the air to be actively drawn in and concentrated through the multi-directionally distributed recovery holes 44. This effectively avoids the slippery and muddy ground problems caused by the natural settling of water vapor in traditional spray dust suppression. It maintains the dryness and safety of the work area while realizing the recycling of water mist resources, significantly improving the sustainability and environmental friendliness of the dust suppression process.

[0052] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, in some embodiments, the bracket 11 is also provided with a protective shell 26, the transmission component is located inside the protective shell 26, the cross section of the bracket 11 is H-shaped, a first mounting groove is opened on the upper side of the bracket 11, the wind turbine fan 22 is located in the first mounting groove, a second mounting groove is opened on the lower side of the bracket 11, and the air guide component is located in the second mounting groove.

[0053] By employing an H-shaped cross-section bracket 11 structure with first and second mounting slots respectively on its upper and lower sides, a stable and integrated installation space is provided for the wind turbine blades 22 and the air guide assembly, making the overall structure more compact and reasonable. Simultaneously, the protective shell 26 added to the transmission assembly effectively isolates it from external dust and humid environments, preventing jamming and wear of transmission components due to contamination or corrosion, ensuring long-term stability and reliability of power transmission. This not only optimizes the system's environmental adaptability under complex outdoor conditions but also significantly improves the overall service life and operational efficiency of the equipment through structural protection and space integration.

[0054] In addition, the side-mounted windbreak curtain 14 can provide a protective shield for the work area, allowing the surrounding airflow to pass over it and preventing direct impact on the dust generated in the work area. The wind turbine 22 can rotate under the influence of the surrounding airflow. Its rotational power comes from the wind, which is transmitted to the transmission rod 23 through the coupling 25, causing the transmission rod 23 to rotate. This, in turn, drives the guide vane 24 to rotate through the coupling 25. The rotation of the guide vane 24 can draw air from the area protected by the windbreak curtain 14, reducing its air pressure. This reduces or avoids the low-pressure extraction effect of the high-speed airflow above, ensuring that the gas containing dust particles in the protected area does not easily diffuse.

[0055] At the same time, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, there are multiple brackets 11, and a connecting buckle 17 is installed on the outer end face of the windbreak curtain 14. The connecting port can make adjacent windbreak curtains 14 snap together, thereby establishing a continuous windproof effect.

[0056] In addition, in some embodiments, a support 12 is provided at the bottom of the bracket 11, which makes the entire structure of the bracket 11 more stable.

[0057] Secondly, an embodiment of this application provides a method for dust suppression spraying at an open-pit coal mine spoil heap, employing the aforementioned open-pit coal mine spoil heap dust suppression spraying system. The method includes the following steps: S1: Install the dust spraying system at the open-pit coal mine spoil heap in the work area, and pull out and fix the windbreak curtain 14; S2: Start the water pump and supply water to the coarse mist nozzle 313 and / or the fine spray plate through the upper water supply pipe 312 and / or the lower water supply pipe 322, so that the coarse mist nozzle 313 and / or the fine spray plate can spray mist. S3: Start the negative pressure fan to extract the air from the negative pressure chamber 43 in the recovery plate 41 through the recovery pipe 42, so that the negative pressure chamber 43 is in a negative pressure state, and the water mist particles with dust adhering to the surrounding area are sucked in through the recovery hole 44. S4: Control the electronic clutch 233 to establish a linkage between the upper rod 231 and the lower rod 232, so that the wind collected by the wind turbine blade 22 can be transmitted to the air guide assembly through the transmission rod 23, so that the air guide assembly can guide the air in the working area to the other side of the support 11.

[0058] The dust suppression spraying method for open-pit coal mine spoil heaps provided in this application embodiment firstly involves placing the entire system in the work area, pulling out and fixing the windbreak curtain 14 to form a physical dust suppression barrier surrounding the work area; then, starting the water pump to supply water to the coarse mist nozzle 313 and fine mist spray plate 321 through the upper water supply pipeline 312 and / or the lower water supply pipeline 322 respectively, forming a three-dimensional water mist network covering different heights and particle sizes to perform preliminary adsorption and sedimentation of dust; simultaneously, turning on the negative pressure fan to continuously draw out the recovery plate 4 through the recovery pipeline 42. The air in the negative pressure chamber 43 is kept under negative pressure, and the dust-laden water mist particles suspended in the air are actively captured through the multi-directionally arranged recovery holes 44 to prevent them from settling and causing water accumulation or secondary dust. Finally, the electronically controlled clutch 233 is engaged according to the on-site wind conditions, so that the wind energy collected by the wind turbine blades 22 drives the air guide assembly to operate through the transmission rod 23, and guides the dust-laden air in the protected area to the outside of the barrier, effectively balancing the internal and external air pressure, fundamentally suppressing the dust dispersion caused by the overhead airflow, and achieving continuous optimization of the dust suppression effect.

[0059] Although the invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications can be made and components can be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict. The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A dusting spray system for a coal mine dump, characterised in that, The utility model provides a wind -driven rainwater recovery device, including: Support; Wind -proof mechanism, wind -proof mechanism sets up in both sides of support along horizontal direction, wind -proof mechanism is used for blocking airflow; Wind -driven mechanism, wind -driven mechanism includes wind -driven fan, transmission assembly and guide vane component, the top of support is provided with mounting seat, wind -driven fan is rotatably connected with mounting seat, guide vane component sets up in support, transmission assembly sets up between wind -driven fan and guide vane component, wind -driven fan is transmission connection with guide vane component through transmission assembly, wind -driven fan can collect air power and drive guide vane component to rotate through transmission assembly; Spraying mechanism, spraying mechanism is fixedly installed in support, and spraying mechanism is used for spraying water mist; Recycling mechanism, recycling mechanism is fixedly installed in support, and recycling mechanism is used for recycling water mist.

2. The open cut coal mine waste dump fugitive dust spraying system according to claim 1, characterised in that, Transmission assembly includes transmission rod and a plurality of shaft couplings, a plurality of shaft couplings are fixed on wind -driven fan and guide vane component respectively, and a plurality of shaft couplings are transmission connection on transmission rod.

3. The open cut coal mine waste dump fugitive dust spraying system as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that, Transmission rod includes upper rod and lower rod, and upper rod and lower rod are connected through electrically controlled clutch, and electrically controlled clutch can cut off or connect transmission connection between upper rod and lower rod.

4. The open cut coal mine waste dump fugitive dust spraying system according to claim 1, characterised in that, Guide vane component includes a plurality of guide vane fans, a plurality of guide vane fans are fixed on support along the height direction of support, and a plurality of guide vane fans are located between wind -proof mechanism on both sides of support along horizontal direction.

5. The open cut coal mine waste dump fugitive dust spraying system according to claim 1, characterised in that, Wind -proof mechanism includes wind -proof seat, winding rod and wind -proof curtain, wind -proof seat is fixed on both sides of support along horizontal direction, receiving cavity is formed in wind -proof seat, winding rod is rotatably connected in receiving cavity, and wind -proof curtain is wound on winding rod.

6. The open cut coal mine waste dump fugitive dust spraying system as claimed in claim 5, characterised in that, Wind -proof mechanism also includes elastic member and limiting member, elastic member and limiting member are fixed on wind -proof seat, elastic member is arranged between wind -proof seat and winding rod, elastic member has the tendency of driving winding rod to recycle wind -proof curtain into receiving cavity, and limiting member is used for limiting the rotation of winding rod.

7. The open cut coal mine waste dump fugitive dust spraying system according to claim 1, characterised in that, Spraying mechanism includes water pump, coarse mist component and fine mist component, water pump is fixed on support, water pump supplies water for coarse mist component and fine mist component, coarse mist component includes connecting rod, upper water supply pipeline and coarse mist nozzle, connecting rod and upper water supply pipeline are fixed on support, coarse mist nozzle is fixed on the side wall of upper water supply pipeline, fine mist component includes fine mist spray plate and lower water supply pipeline, fine mist spray plate and lower water supply pipeline are fixed on support, lower water supply pipeline is communicated with fine mist spray plate, and fine mist spray hole is formed in the upper wall and both side walls of fine mist spray plate.

8. The open cut coal mine waste dump fugitive dust spraying system according to claim 1, characterised in that, Recycling mechanism includes recycling plate, recycling pipeline and negative pressure fan, recycling plate, recycling pipeline and negative pressure fan are fixed on support, recycling plate is located below spraying mechanism, negative pressure cavity is formed in recycling plate, recycling hole is formed in the upper end face and both side faces of recycling plate, and negative pressure fan can suck water mist into negative pressure cavity through recycling pipeline.

9. The open cut coal mine waste dump fugitive dust spraying system according to claim 1, characterised in that, The support is provided with a protection shell, the transmission assembly is located in the protection shell, the support has an H-shaped cross section, a first installation groove is formed in the upper side of the support, the wind power fan is located in the first installation groove, a second installation groove is formed in the lower side of the support, and the air guide assembly is located in the second installation groove.

10. A method of dust spraying in a coal mine dump, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1: placing the open coal mine dump site dust spraying system in the working area, pulling out and fixing the wind screen curtain; S2: starting the water pump to supply water to the coarse mist spray head and / or the fine spray plate through the upper water supply pipeline and / or the lower water supply pipeline, so that the coarse mist spray head and / or the fine spray plate can spray mist; S3: starting the negative pressure fan to extract air from the negative pressure cavity in the recovery plate through the recovery pipeline, so that the negative pressure cavity is in a negative pressure state, and the water mist particles with dust adhered around are sucked through the recovery hole; S4: controlling the electric control clutch to establish a linkage relationship between the upper rod and the lower rod, so that the wind power collected by the wind power fan can be transmitted to the air guide assembly through the transmission rod, so that the air guide assembly can guide the air in the working area to the other side of the support.

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