Tensile fatigue test tool for spot-welded cross-shaped structural member

Abstract

The invention discloses a spot welding cross-shaped structural member tensile fatigue test tool, which comprises a first adapter plate and a second adapter plate, five groups of first angle adjusting holes and second angle adjusting holes are respectively arranged on the first adapter plate and the second adapter plate at 0-degree, 30-degree, 45-degree, 60-degree and 90-degree positions, and the adjusting holes at the corresponding positions are combined in pairs for use. The spot welding device is used for spot welding rotation of the cross-shaped structural part at the positions of 0 degree, 30 degrees, 45 degrees, 60 degrees and 90 degrees. The first adapter plate is detachably connected with the first structural part connecting support through a first angle adjusting hole, and the second adapter plate is detachably connected with the second structural part connecting support through a second angle adjusting hole. The two longitudinal ends of the spot welding cross-shaped structural part are in threaded connection with the first structural part connecting support through bolts, and the two transverse ends of the spot welding cross-shaped structural part are in threaded connection with the second structural part connecting support through bolts. The clamping device has the technical effects of being flexible in angle adjustment, stable and reliable in clamping, high in adaptability, high in efficiency and high in safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mechanical property testing technology for point-connected structural components (including metal and non-metal), specifically applicable to the tensile or fatigue performance assessment of metal structural components (such as plate spot-welded assemblies, adapted to the relevant dimensions and specifications marked in the drawings) and non-metal structural components (such as composite material hot-melt spot-welded assemblies, engineering plastic ultrasonic spot-welded assemblies, and adhesive spot-welded non-metallic assemblies, adapted to the dimensions and specifications marked in the drawings of non-metallic structural components) under specific angular tensile conditions. It can realize tensile fatigue testing at different angles (designed and adjusted according to the angle parameters in the drawings), providing experimental assurance for the reliability assessment of metal and non-metal point-connected structural components under complex stress environments. Specifically, it relates to a tensile fatigue testing fixture for spot-welded cross structural components. Background Technology

[0002] Point welding, as a highly efficient joining process, is widely used in both metallic and non-metallic fields. In the metallic field, automotive body frames, lightweight metal structural components for aerospace, and metal components for home appliances rely on metal spot welding. In the non-metallic field, battery pack shells for new energy vehicles (composite materials such as glass fiber reinforced polypropylene) are joined using hot-melt spot welding; plastic backplates for electronic devices (ABS, PC / ABS engineering plastics) use ultrasonic spot welding; composite material fuselages for aerospace drones rely on adhesive spot welding; and plastic shells for robotic vacuum cleaners in the home appliance industry are assembled using hot-melt spot welding. These metallic and non-metallic point-connected structural components are subjected to tensile loads at different angles during service. Long-term stress can easily lead to fatigue damage, affecting product safety and lifespan.

[0003] Currently, national standards (such as GB / T2651-2008 and GB / T30766-2014) only regulate the testing of metal welded structures, and the testing standards for non-metallic point connections are not yet perfect. The existing tensile fatigue testing fixtures also have significant limitations.

[0004] The existing testing fixtures have the following main problems when used for tensile fatigue testing of angled spot-welded cross-shaped structural components:

[0005] 1. Lack of angle adjustment capability: Traditional tooling has a fixed structure and cannot flexibly adjust the angle. It is difficult to simulate the actual working conditions of metals, and it cannot be adapted to non-metallic point connection structural components (such as the 30° tilt force of composite battery packs and the 15° micro-angle force of electronic plastic structural components). The test results deviate greatly from the actual results.

[0006] 2. Poor clamping stability and vulnerability to non-metallic materials: Existing clamping mechanisms are mostly designed for integral metal parts. For spot-welded structural components, especially in test scenarios with angular requirements, it is difficult to achieve stable clamping. During tensile fatigue testing, specimens are prone to loosening and displacement, affecting the accuracy of test data and potentially leading to test interruption or specimen damage. Furthermore, when clamping non-metallic structural components (such as brittle composite materials and easily deformable engineering plastics), stress concentration can easily lead to crushing or scratching (fracture of surface fibers in composite materials), or insufficient clamping force can cause loosening, affecting data accuracy.

[0007] 3. Insufficient adaptability: Metal structural parts require different tooling, and non-metal structural parts have more complex specifications (such as micro electronic plastic parts and large composite material parts). Existing tooling has poor versatility. Changing tooling not only requires a lot of time to adjust the equipment, but also increases the testing cost and reduces the testing efficiency.

[0008] 4. Low test safety: During tensile fatigue tests with angles, due to unreasonable design of the tooling angle adjustment mechanism or insecure clamping, the specimen may accidentally fall off or break and splash under high cyclic stress, posing a safety hazard and threatening the safety of test personnel and equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0009] This invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of existing tooling: it solves the problems of lack of angle adjustment, unstable clamping, poor adaptability and low safety of metal point connection structural parts, and also addresses the limitations of easy clamping damage, poor angle adaptability, insufficient specification coverage and lack of fragment protection for non-metal point connection structural parts, and provides a tooling for tensile fatigue testing of spot welded cross structural parts.

[0010] To achieve the objectives of this invention, the technical solution provided by this invention is as follows:

[0011] A tensile fatigue testing fixture for a spot-welded cross structure includes a first adapter plate and a second adapter plate. The first adapter plate has five sets of first angle adjustment holes at positions of 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°. The second adapter plate has five sets of second angle adjustment holes at positions of 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°. The first and second angle adjustment holes at the corresponding positions are used in pairs for rotating the spot-welded cross structure at positions of 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°.

[0012] The first adapter plate and the first structural component connecting bracket are detachably connected through the first angle adjustment hole, and the second adapter plate and the second structural component connecting bracket are detachably connected through the second angle adjustment hole;

[0013] The longitudinal ends of the spot-welded cross structure are threadedly connected to the first structural component connecting bracket by bolts, and the transverse ends are threadedly connected to the second structural component connecting bracket by bolts.

[0014] Furthermore, the connection point between the first structural component connecting bracket and the spot-welded cross structural component is a longitudinal surface adapted to the longitudinal structure of the spot-welded cross structural component; the connection point between the second structural component connecting bracket and the spot-welded cross structural component is a transverse surface adapted to the transverse structure of the spot-welded cross structural component.

[0015] Furthermore, the first adapter plate is connected to a first tooling clamping rod for connecting to the test equipment, and the second adapter plate is connected to a second tooling clamping rod for connecting to the test equipment.

[0016] Furthermore, both the first and second adapter plates are crescent-shaped and are arranged in a centrally symmetrical structure.

[0017] Furthermore, the first structural component connecting bracket includes a U-shaped block and a longitudinally arranged adapter block. The upper and lower end faces of the U-shaped block are each provided with a first mounting hole corresponding to the position. The first adapter plate is embedded between its upper and lower end faces. Bolts pass through the first mounting holes and the first angle adjustment holes to detachably connect the two. The adapter block is provided with a second mounting hole. Bolts pass through the second mounting holes to connect the adapter block to the U-shaped block. The upper and lower ends of the adapter block are each provided with a first structural component fixing hole for connecting with the spot-welded cross structural component.

[0018] Furthermore, the second structural component connecting bracket is a U-shaped structure, with corresponding third mounting holes on both its upper and lower end faces. The second adapter plate is embedded between its upper and lower end faces, and the two are detachably connected by bolts passing through the third mounting holes and the second angle adjustment holes. The left and right ends of the end face of the second structural component connecting bracket 2 are provided with second structural component fixing holes for connecting with the spot-welded cross structural component.

[0019] Furthermore, the first structural component connecting bracket and the second structural component connecting bracket are adapted and replaced according to the size of the spot-welded cross structural component.

[0020] Furthermore, each group has two first angle adjustment holes and two second angle adjustment holes.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. Flexible angle adjustment: The two adapter plates with pin holes can achieve precise angle adjustment and locking within five ranges: 0°, 30°, 45°, 60° and 90°. This can accurately simulate different angle tensile conditions in actual service of spot-welded structural components, making the test results more in line with actual needs and providing reliable data support for fatigue performance evaluation of spot-welded structural components.

[0023] 2. Stable and reliable clamping: The special spot-welded structural bracket can achieve a highly stable and precise tight connection for samples of different specifications, effectively preventing the specimens from loosening or shifting during the test, and ensuring the accuracy of the test data and the stability of the test process.

[0024] 3. High adaptability and efficiency: The modular connection structure enables quick replacement of sample clamping mechanisms of different sizes, greatly shortening tooling change time, improving test efficiency, and reducing test costs.

[0025] 4. High safety: The test sample is directly connected to the sample by M12 fastening bolts, and the M12 pin bolts connect the sample fixing bracket to the angle adapter plate to ensure a tight connection. This effectively prevents injury caused by accidental breakage and splashing of the test piece, and avoids test risks caused by improper tooling connection or angle locking, thus ensuring the safety of test personnel and equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the tensile fatigue testing fixture for the spot-welded cross structure provided in this application embodiment;

[0027] Figure 2 A first schematic diagram of the tensile fatigue testing fixture for the spot-welded cross structure provided in this application embodiment, showing the structure of the spot-welded cross structure.

[0028] In the figure, there is a first adapter plate 1, a first structural component connecting bracket 2, a second structural component connecting bracket 3, a second adapter plate 4, a second tooling clamping rod 5; a spot-welded cross structural component 6; and a first tooling clamping rod 7.

[0029] Figure 3 A second schematic diagram of the fixture for tensile fatigue testing of spot-welded cross-shaped structural members provided in this application embodiment;

[0030] Figure 4 A third schematic diagram of the tensile fatigue testing fixture for the spot-welded cross structure provided in this application embodiment;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first adapter plate provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] In the figure, there is a first mounting hole 8, a first angle adjustment hole 9, a second mounting hole 10, and a first structural component fixing hole 11;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second adapter plate provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] In the figure, the third mounting hole is 12, and the second structural component fixing hole is 13;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the spot-welded cross structure provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure corresponding to the five sets of angle adjustment pin holes provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-shaped structure connected by a 30° angle adjustment pin hole in an embodiment of this application.

[0038] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-shaped structure connected by a 45° angle adjusting pin hole in an embodiment of this application.

[0039] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-shaped structure connected by a 60° angle adjustment pin hole in an embodiment of this application.

[0040] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-shaped structure connected by a 90° angle adjustment pin hole in an embodiment of this application.

[0041] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting bracket in this embodiment of the application, which is replaced with another type of structural component. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] like Figures 1-13 As shown, this embodiment provides a tensile fatigue testing fixture for a spot-welded cross-shaped structural component, including a first adapter plate 1 and a second adapter plate 4. The first adapter plate 1 has five sets of first angle adjustment holes 9 at positions of 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°. The second adapter plate 4 has five sets of second angle adjustment holes at positions of 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°. The first and second angle adjustment holes 9 at corresponding positions are used in pairs for rotating the spot-welded cross-shaped structural component 6 at positions of 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°. Each set contains two first and two second angle adjustment holes. Both the first adapter plate 1 and the second adapter plate 4 are crescent-shaped and arranged in a centrally symmetrical structure.

[0044] The first adapter plate 1 and the first structural component connecting bracket 2 are detachably connected through the first angle adjustment hole 9, and the second adapter plate 4 and the second structural component connecting bracket 3 are detachably connected through the second angle adjustment hole.

[0045] The longitudinal ends of the spot-welded cross structure 6 are threadedly connected to the first structural component connecting bracket 2 by bolts, and the transverse ends are threadedly connected to the second structural component connecting bracket 3 by bolts.

[0046] Wherein, the connection part between the first structural component connecting bracket 2 and the spot-welded cross structural component 6 is a longitudinal surface adapted to the longitudinal structure of the spot-welded cross structural component 6; the connection part between the second structural component connecting bracket 3 and the spot-welded cross structural component 6 is a transverse surface adapted to the transverse structure of the spot-welded cross structural component 6. Specifically, the first structural component connecting bracket 2 includes a U-shaped block and a longitudinally arranged adapter block. The upper and lower end faces of the U-shaped block are provided with corresponding first mounting holes 8. The first adapter plate 1 is embedded between its upper and lower end faces. Bolts pass through the first mounting holes 8 and the first angle adjustment holes 9 to detachably connect the two. The adapter block is provided with a second mounting hole 10. Bolts pass through the second mounting holes 10 to connect the adapter block to the U-shaped block. The upper and lower ends of the adapter block are provided with first structural component fixing holes 11 for connecting with the spot-welded cross structural component 6.

[0047] The second structural component connecting bracket 2 is a U-shaped structure, with corresponding third mounting holes 12 on both its upper and lower end faces. The second adapter plate 4 is embedded between its upper and lower end faces, and the two are detachably connected by bolts passing through the third mounting holes 12 and the second angle adjustment holes. The second structural component connecting bracket 3 has second structural component fixing holes 13 on both the left and right ends of its end face for connecting with the spot-welded cross structural component 6.

[0048] The first structural component connecting bracket 2 and the second structural component connecting bracket 3 are adapted and replaced according to the dimensions of the spot-welded cross structural component 6. For example... Figure 13 The diagram shown is of another type of structural component connection bracket.

[0049] In addition, the first adapter plate 1 is connected to a first tooling clamping rod 7 for connecting to the test equipment, and the second adapter plate 4 is connected to a second tooling clamping rod 5 for connecting to the test equipment.

[0050] Experimental process:

[0051] (1): Select a suitable structural component connecting bracket according to the specifications and dimensions of the spot-welded cross structural component;

[0052] (2): According to the test requirements, the spot-welded cross structure is connected to the structural component connecting bracket by bolts and threads to achieve stable clamping;

[0053] (3) According to the test requirements, install the structural component connecting bracket on the angle adjustment hole at the corresponding angle position, lock the angle, and realize the connection between the structural component connecting bracket and the adapter plate;

[0054] (4) Connect the adapter plate to the test equipment using the tooling clamping rod;

[0055] (5) Check that all fastening connections are normal. After confirming that the tooling connection and angle locking are correct, start the test equipment.

[0056] (6) Conduct tensile fatigue tests with angles according to the set stress conditions, and monitor the test data in real time during the test;

[0057] (7) After the test, turn off the test equipment, open the protective cover, take out the spot-welded cross structure, record the test results, replace the spot-welded cross structure and repeat the above steps to continue the test.

[0058] It should be noted that:

[0059] 1. This invention addresses the problem of insufficient tooling angle adjustment capability through the following measures:

[0060] This invention designs an angle adjustment mechanism consisting of two adapter plates, one upper and one lower, each with pin holes. Each adapter plate has five sets of pin holes, which are paired and used according to their angular positions. The structural component connecting bracket is connected to the adapter plates via bolts, allowing the spot-welded cross structural component to rotate at 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°. Once the structural component connecting bracket is adjusted to the target angle, it is locked to the adapter plate via locking screws, thus meeting the requirements of tensile fatigue tests at different angles.

[0061] 2. This invention solves the problem of poor clamping stability of spot-welded cross-shaped structural components through the following measures:

[0062] The design incorporates a dedicated structural component connection bracket, which connects the adapter plate to the structural component connection bracket via bolts, ensuring excellent connection stability.

[0063] 3. This invention addresses the problem of insufficient tooling adaptability through the following measures:

[0064] Based on the dimensions of the spot-welded cross structure, design two or more sizes of structural component connecting brackets. For spot-welded cross structure components of different specifications, only the appropriate structural component connecting bracket needs to be replaced, which greatly shortens the tooling change time and improves the testing efficiency.

[0065] 4. This invention addresses the problem of low experimental safety through the following measures:

[0066] Based on the dimensions of the spot-welded cross structure, threaded holes are machined on the connecting bracket of the structure. The spot-welded cross structure is then fixed to the connecting bracket of the structure with fastening bolts. The connecting bracket of the structure is then connected to the adapter plate with bolts to ensure that the specimen will not accidentally fall off or break and splash under high cyclic stress, thus eliminating safety hazards.

[0067] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative and explanatory of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention to the scope of the described embodiments. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and many more variations and modifications can be made based on the teachings of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A spot-welded cruciform test piece tensile fatigue test fixture characterized by, The utility model relates to a first adapter plate (1) and second adapter plate (4), first adapter plate (1) is provided with 5 groups of first angle adjusting hole (9) in 0 DEG, 30 DEG, 45 DEG, 60 DEG, 90 DEG position, second adapter plate (4) is provided with 5 groups of second angle adjusting hole in 0 DEG, 30 DEG, 45 DEG, 60 DEG, 90 DEG position, the first angle adjusting hole (9) and second angle adjusting hole of corresponding position are used in twos, are used for the rotation of spot welding cross structure spare (6) in 0 degree, 30 degrees, 45 degrees, 60 degrees and 90 DEG position; First adapter plate (1) is detachably connected with first structural member connecting support (2) through first angle adjusting hole (9), and second adapter plate (4) is detachably connected with second structural member connecting support (3) through second angle adjusting hole; The longitudinal both ends of spot welding cross structure spare (6) are threadedly connected with first structural member connecting support (2) through bolt, and the transverse both ends are threadedly connected with second structural member connecting support (3) through bolt.

2. The tensile fatigue test fixture for a spot-welded cross structure according to claim 1, characterized by The connecting part of first structural member connecting support (2) and spot welding cross structure spare (6) is longitudinal surface that is adapted to longitudinal structure of spot welding cross structure spare (6), and the connecting part of second structural member connecting support (3) and spot welding cross structure spare (6) is transverse surface that is adapted to transverse structure of spot welding cross structure spare (6).

3. The tensile fatigue test fixture for a spot-welded cross structure according to claim 1, characterized by First adapter plate (1) is connected with first tool clamping rod (7) for being connected with test equipment, and second adapter plate (4) is connected with second tool clamping rod (5) for being connected with test equipment.

4. The tensile fatigue test fixture for a spot-welded cross structure according to claim 1, characterized by First adapter plate (1) and second adapter plate (4) are both crescent and are arranged in central symmetry structure.

5. The tensile fatigue test fixture for a spot-welded cross structure according to claim 1, characterized by First structural member connecting support (2) includes U-shaped block and longitudinally arranged adapting block, the upper and lower end faces of the U-shaped block are both provided with first mounting hole (8) corresponding in position, first adapter plate (1) is embedded between the upper and lower end faces, and first adapter plate (1) is detachably connected with first adapter plate (1) through first mounting hole (8) and first angle adjusting hole (9) by bolt, the adapting block is connected with the U-shaped block by bolt through second mounting hole (10) provided on the adapting block, and the upper and lower ends of the adapting block are both provided with first structural member fixing hole (11) for being connected with spot welding cross structure spare (6).

6. The tensile fatigue test fixture for a spot-welded cross structure according to claim 1, characterized by Second structural member connecting support (3) is U-shaped structure, and the upper and lower end faces of the second structural member connecting support (3) are both provided with third mounting hole (12) corresponding in position, second adapter plate (4) is embedded between the upper and lower end faces, and second adapter plate (4) is detachably connected with second adapter plate (4) by bolt through third mounting hole (12) and second angle adjusting hole, and the left and right ends of the end face of the second structural member connecting support (3) are both provided with second structural member fixing hole (13) for being connected with spot welding cross structure spare (6).

7. The tensile fatigue test fixture for a spot-welded cross structure according to claim 1, characterized by First structural member connecting support (2) and second structural member connecting support (3) are replaced according to the size of spot welding cross structure spare (6).

8. The tensile fatigue test fixture for a spot-welded cross structure according to claim 1, characterized by The utility model relates to a first adapter plate (1) and second adapter plate (4), first adapter plate (1) is provided with 5 groups of first angle adjusting hole (9) in 0 DEG, 30 DEG, 45 DEG, 60 DEG, 90 DEG position, second adapter plate (4) is provided with 5 groups of second angle adjusting hole in 0 DEG, 30 DEG, 45 DEG, 60 DEG, 90 DEG position, the first angle adjusting hole (9) and second angle adjusting hole of corresponding position are used in twos, are used for the rotation of spot welding cross structure spare (6) in 0 degree, 30 degrees, 45 degrees, 60 degrees and 90 DEG position; Each group of first angle adjusting hole (9) and second angle adjusting hole is 2.

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