Alternating current power supply rapid switching system

Abstract

The invention discloses an alternating current power supply rapid switching system, which relates to the technical field of power systems and comprises the steps that a detection unit detects power supply parameters; the main control unit can be switched between an automatic working mode and a manual working mode and analyze detection data, in the automatic mode, a switching instruction is sent to the automatic switching unit when it is detected that a certain power supply loses power, and in the manual mode, an automatic circuit is locked to enable the automatic mode to be invalid; each path of power supply in the automatic switching unit corresponds to one group of power electronic components, and after a switching instruction is received, a driving circuit cuts off the power electronic components corresponding to the power-losing power supply and then switches on the power electronic components corresponding to the other path of power supply; the manual bypass unit is composed of physical isolation components, any path of alternating current power supply is directly connected to rear-end electric equipment in a manual mode, and the display alarm unit is used for power supply display and fault alarm. According to the invention, the switching time between the power supplies can be reduced as much as possible, so that the rear-end electric equipment can maintain working within the switching time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power system technology, and more specifically to a switching system between AC power sources. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous improvement of ship electrification, the electronic and intelligent levels of ship power system equipment are becoming higher and higher, and their importance to the ship's mission is also increasing. Therefore, these important devices need to be powered by multiple power sources with the same power system. If one power source fails, it can be switched to another power source to maintain the continuous operation of the equipment.

[0003] Shipboard electrical systems are isolated systems that are disconnected from the land-based power grid. They are typically equipped with multiple independent AC power sources. To save shipboard energy, these AC power sources are often not used in parallel all the time, but rather there is switching between them. During the switching process, critical equipment often cannot lose power, otherwise it may affect the operation of the ship.

[0004] To prevent short circuits during AC power switching, shipboard electrical systems typically employ "physical switching," meaning they use physical isolation to prevent short circuits between different power sources. This is achieved using physically isolated components such as disconnect switches, contactors, and relays for power switching. However, due to the structural limitations of these components, the switching time between different power sources is generally on the order of seconds. With increasing levels of automation, shipboard equipment, especially electronic devices, can maintain power for milliseconds after a power outage. This mismatch in timing means that during AC power switching, downstream electronic devices may still lose power and become unable to operate continuously.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to design a fast switching method for AC power to minimize switching time and ensure the continuous operation of backend equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides an AC power fast switching system that can minimize switching time, enabling downstream electrical equipment to continue operating during the switching time.

[0007] This invention provides an AC power rapid switching system, including a detection unit, a main control unit, an automatic switching unit, and a manual bypass unit, wherein each unit works together to achieve rapid switching between two independent AC power sources; The detection unit detects the working status and main operating parameters of the two independent AC power supplies and sends the detection data to the main control unit. The main control unit can switch between automatic and manual working modes, analyze and process the detection data, and determine whether the power supply is lost. In automatic mode, when a power supply failure is detected, a switching command is sent to the automatic switching unit. In manual mode, the automatic circuit is locked to disable the automatic mode. The automatic switching unit consists of power electronic components and a drive circuit. Each power source corresponds to a set of power electronic components. When the power source is normal, the corresponding power electronic components are turned on. When the power source is lost, the corresponding power electronic components are cut off. After receiving the switching command, the drive circuit cuts off the power electronic components corresponding to the power source that is lost and then turns on the power electronic components corresponding to the other power source. The switching time does not exceed 10ms. The manual bypass unit is composed of physically isolated components, and in manual mode, it can directly connect any AC power source to the downstream electrical equipment.

[0008] In some instances, the main control unit is also used to monitor and alarm for various faults during operation.

[0009] In some instances, if the voltage of the AC power supply is lower than a preset voltage, and / or the rate of decrease of the current of the AC power supply exceeds a preset rate threshold, the AC power supply is deemed to be out of power.

[0010] In some instances, manual mode takes precedence over automatic mode.

[0011] In some instances, in automatic mode, after the power supply is restored to normal, it switches back to the original power supply after a delay of a few seconds, following the logic of switching first and then switching back, with the switching time not exceeding 10ms.

[0012] In some instances, the system further includes: a display alarm unit for displaying the power supply connection status and alarm information, identifying and displaying the current power supply, and having, but not limited to, overload and overtemperature alarm functions.

[0013] In some instances, the display alarm unit indicates the power status via indicator lights.

[0014] In some instances, the physical isolation components of the manual bypass unit include one or more of contactors, relays, and disconnect switches.

[0015] In some instances, the automatic switching unit performs disconnection and connection actions according to the logic of disconnection first and then switching, ensuring that the power supply is completely cut off in case of power failure.

[0016] In summary, compared with the prior art, the above-described technical solutions conceived by this invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: 1) When connected to two independent AC power supplies of the same power system, in "automatic" mode, the automatic and fast switching between the two AC power supplies can be achieved according to the control logic of "cut first and then switch", and the switching time is no more than 10 milliseconds.

[0017] 2) In "automatic" mode, the two power supplies are always isolated and an interlock circuit is set to prevent the "switch first, then cut off" situation from occurring; 3) In "Manual" mode, any AC input power supply can be selected as needed via the manual bypass unit; 4) There is a priority between "Automatic" mode and "Manual" mode. When "Manual" mode is used, "Automatic" mode is disabled.

[0018] 5) Equipped with display and alarm units, capable of detecting and displaying the working status of input and output power supplies, identifying and displaying the currently selected input power supply, and having a fault alarm function. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a control logic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In the following description, specific embodiments of the invention will be illustrated with reference to steps and symbols performed by one or more computers, unless otherwise stated. Therefore, these steps and operations will be referred to several times as being performed by a computer, and computer execution as referred to herein includes operations by a computer processing unit representing electronic signals of data in a structured format. This operation transforms the data or maintains it at a location in the computer's memory system, which can be reconfigured or otherwise alter the operation of the computer in a manner well known to those skilled in the art. The data structure maintained by the data is the physical location of the memory, which has specific characteristics defined by the data format. However, the principles of the invention described above are not intended to be limiting, and those skilled in the art will understand that many of the following steps and operations can also be implemented in hardware.

[0023] The terms "module" or "unit" as used herein can be considered as software objects executing on the computing system. Different components, modules, engines, and services described herein can be considered as implementations on the computing system. The apparatus and methods described herein are preferably implemented in software, but can also be implemented in hardware, both of which are within the scope of this invention.

[0024] Those skilled in the art will understand that, unless specifically stated otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” used herein may also include the plural forms. It should be further understood that the term “comprising” as used in this specification means the presence of features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof. It should be understood that when we say an element is “connected” or “coupled” to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element, or there may be intermediate elements. Furthermore, “connected” or “coupled” as used herein can include wireless connections or wireless coupling. The term “and / or” as used herein includes all or any units and all combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0025] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, a fast switching system for AC power is provided, including a detection unit, a main control unit, an automatic switching unit, a manual bypass unit, and a display and alarm unit.

[0026] The detection unit mainly consists of detection components such as sensors or transmitters, used to detect the working status and main operating parameters of the two independent AC power supplies, and send the detection data to the main control unit. The model parameters of the sensor or transmitter can be determined according to actual needs, and the embodiments of the present invention do not impose a unique limitation.

[0027] Main control unit: Primarily composed of information processing circuits or components, it can operate in either "automatic" or "manual" mode. It analyzes and processes the detection data sent by the detection unit to determine if a power supply line has failed. If a power supply failure is detected, in "automatic" mode, it sends a "switch" command to the automatic switching unit. Simultaneously, the main control unit monitors and alarms for various faults during operation. In "manual" mode, it locks the automatic circuit, disabling the "automatic" mode.

[0028] The model parameters of the information processing circuit or components can be determined according to actual needs, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to uniqueness.

[0029] Automatic switching unit: Primarily composed of power electronic components and drive circuits. Each AC power supply corresponds to a set of power electronic components. When the AC power supply is normally connected, the corresponding power electronic component is in the ON state, allowing the AC power to be supplied to the output unit. When the AC power supply fails, the corresponding power electronic component is in the OFF state, preventing the AC power from being supplied to the output unit. Upon receiving a switching control command from the main control unit, following the "cut-off first, switch later" control logic, it first issues a "cut-off" command to the power electronic component corresponding to the de-energized AC power supply, ensuring that the power supply is completely cut off. Then, it drives the power electronic component of the other AC power supply to ON, switching to power from the other AC power supply.

[0030] The model parameters of the power electronic components can be determined according to actual needs, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to uniqueness.

[0031] The driving circuit can refer to existing technologies and is used to cut off and connect power electronic components.

[0032] Manual bypass unit: mainly composed of physically isolated components, such as contactors, relays, and disconnect switches. When the main control unit selects the "manual" working mode, it can directly connect the circuit and connect the AC power supply to the downstream electrical equipment.

[0033] The model parameters of the physical isolation components can be determined according to actual needs, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to uniqueness.

[0034] Display and alarm unit: Used to display the power supply connection status and alarm information, including the input and output power status, identify and display the current power supply, and has alarm functions such as overload and over-temperature.

[0035] In another embodiment of the present invention, to facilitate better implementation of the system provided by the embodiments of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention also provide a system-based control logic. For example... Figure 2 As shown.

[0036] In this embodiment of the invention, under normal circumstances, the "automatic" operating mode is selected. Two independent single-phase 220V AC power supplies are connected sequentially (this is also applicable to two independent three-phase 220V AC power supplies or two independent three-phase 380V AC power supplies; here, two independent single-phase 220V AC power supplies are used as an example). The detection unit detects that both power supplies are connected, and the corresponding indicator lights illuminate. At this time, the first AC power supply is selected as the main power supply, driving the corresponding power electronic device circuit to be turned on. The first AC power supply then supplies power to the downstream electrical equipment.

[0037] Following the "cut-off first, switch later" principle, when the first AC power supply fails and stops outputting, the main control unit receives a signal from the detection unit indicating abnormal voltage and current of the AC power supply, such as voltage below normal or abnormal current drop rate. At this point, it determines that the first AC power supply is out of power and immediately sends a "cut-off" command to the drive circuit of the power electronic device corresponding to the first AC power supply in the automatic switching unit, disconnecting the power electronic device circuit. After a delay (milliseconds), where the delay time depends on the specific characteristics of the selected components and should be controlled within milliseconds to ensure effective disconnection, a "connect" command is sent to the drive circuit of the power electronic device corresponding to the second AC power supply in the automatic switching unit, connecting the power electronic device circuit. At this point, the power supply is switched to the second AC power supply to power the downstream equipment. During the switching process, the interlocking circuit ensures constant isolation between the main and backup power supplies, preventing a "switch first, then cut off" situation and ensuring that two independent AC power supplies are never connected in parallel. Only one AC power supply powers the downstream equipment at any given time. The entire switching process, from detecting a power failure to disconnecting the original power supply and switching to the other, can be controlled within 10 milliseconds or even less, achieving rapid switching. This time is matched to the time the downstream equipment can maintain power after a failure, ensuring that the downstream equipment does not lose power. When the first AC power supply recovers and is put back into use, after a delay (on the order of seconds), it will switch back to power from the first AC power supply according to the same logic. The control logic and switching process are the same, and the switching time is also controlled within 10 milliseconds.

[0038] The interlock circuit can refer to existing technology to isolate two independent AC power supplies.

[0039] When the "manual" mode needs to be selected for some reason, manual intervention is required. The isolation components in the manual bypass unit must be manually closed to connect any input power supply to power the downstream equipment. Therefore, when the "automatic" mode fails, the "manual" mode can be used to connect the input power supply, ensuring the operation of the downstream equipment. When the "manual" mode is used, the automatic circuit is locked to disable the "automatic" mode.

[0040] The method of locking the automatic circuit can refer to existing technologies and can be electrical or software logic-based. This invention does not limit the uniqueness of the embodiments.

[0041] The display functions involved in this invention mainly include: indicator lights that display the input and output power status; a white indicator light illuminates when an input power source is connected, and a green indicator light illuminates when the power is being normally output to the downstream electrical equipment; the current power supply can be identified, with the corresponding green indicator light illuminating; if any power source fails, the corresponding red indicator light illuminates. The fault alarm function in this invention includes, but is not limited to, overload and overtemperature alarms. In the event of a fault, a yellow alarm indicator light will flash at a corresponding frequency to prompt the operator to take appropriate action.

[0042] The above provides a detailed description of an AC power rapid switching system provided by the embodiments of the present invention. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of the present invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. An AC power fast switching system, characterized by, The system comprises a detection unit, a main control unit, an automatic switching unit and a manual bypass unit, and the units work together to realize quick switching of two independent AC power supplies. The detection unit detects the working state and main operating parameters of the two independent AC power supplies and sends the detection data to the main control unit. The main control unit can switch between automatic and manual operation modes, analyzes and processes the detection data, and judges whether the power supply is lost. The automatic switching unit is composed of power electronic components and a driving circuit. The manual bypass unit is composed of physically isolated components.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein, The main control unit is also used to monitor and alarm various faults during operation.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein, If the voltage of the AC power supply is lower than the preset voltage and / or the current of the AC power supply decreases at a rate exceeding the preset rate threshold, it is determined that the AC power supply is lost.

4. The system of claim 3, wherein, The priority of the manual mode is higher than that of the automatic mode.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein, In the automatic mode, after the lost power supply returns to normal, a second-level delay is applied, and the original power supply is switched back according to the first-cut-then-switch logic, and the switching time is not more than 10 ms.

6. The system of claim 5, wherein, The system also includes a display and alarm unit for displaying power supply access state and alarm information, identifying the current power supply and displaying it, and having but not limited to overload and overtemperature alarm functions.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein, The display and alarm unit displays the power supply state through an indicator light.

8. The system of claim 7, wherein, The physically isolated components of the manual bypass unit include one or more of contactors, relays and disconnectors.

9. The system of claim 4, wherein, The automatic switching unit performs the cutting and connecting actions according to the first-cut-then-switch logic, ensuring that the lost power supply is completely cut off before the other power supply is connected, and the switching time is not more than 10 ms.

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