Fire extinguishing bomb and method

Abstract

The application provides a fire extinguishing bomb and a fire extinguishing method. The fire extinguishing bomb comprises a bomb body, a fire extinguishing agent, a controller, a guiding system and a spraying power assembly. The controller receives a signal of the guiding system to control the spraying power assembly to generate high-pressure carbon dioxide mixed gas through phase change of carbon dioxide and work on the fire extinguishing agent. The spraying power assembly comprises a plurality of spraying power devices connected in sequence along an axial direction. The spraying power device comprises a shell, end plates connected to two ends of the shell, airflow holes formed by the end plates and the shell, liquid carbon dioxide filled in the shell and a phase change unit, a through-wall connector provided on a side wall of the shell and connected with the phase change unit through an in-wall cable. The controller is connected with an out-wall cable connected with the through-wall connector of each spraying power device. The application can be applied to efficient fire extinguishing in remote, high-risk and high-danger areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire extinguishing equipment technology, and in particular to a fire extinguishing bomb and a fire extinguishing method. Background Technology

[0002] Throwable fire extinguishing bombs, as a new type of fire extinguishing device, have a wide range of applications. They are widely used in areas with complex terrain, such as forest fires, high-rise building fires, and fires at military and strategic facilities—areas inaccessible to personnel, remote, high-risk, and dangerous. The fire extinguishing bomb serves as a carrier for the extinguishing agent, which is encapsulated in a fragile or trigger-equipped shell. The bomb is then launched towards the fire source. When the device is exposed to high temperatures from flames, external impact, or a control signal, the shell ruptures instantly, rapidly releasing the extinguishing agent and covering the fire source, thus isolating oxygen, absorbing heat and cooling the area, or inhibiting the combustion reaction.

[0003] Existing fire extinguishing devices, such as the dual fire extinguishing system and method disclosed in patent publication number CN112933461A, which combines explosive soil covering and carbon dioxide release, utilize a drone carrying fire extinguishing bombs. After deployment, the bombs rely on an internal delay switch and activator to instantly heat liquid carbon dioxide, causing an explosive release and achieving the fire extinguishing effect of soil covering and carbon dioxide release. However, this method employs delayed detonation and instantaneous release, resulting in a single triggering mechanism and a single-point high-energy release, limiting the coverage area and uniformity. Furthermore, the deployment and activation of the fire extinguishing bombs are controlled via a remote controller, making it unsuitable for efficient and controllable fire extinguishing in remote areas and high-risk fire sites. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fire extinguishing bomb and a fire extinguishing method that can be used for efficient fire extinguishing in remote, high-risk, and dangerous areas.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a fire extinguishing bomb, comprising a bomb body having a warhead compartment, a body compartment and a tail compartment, a fire extinguishing agent disposed in the body compartment, a controller disposed in the tail compartment, a guidance system disposed in the warhead compartment for controlling the fire extinguishing bomb to fly toward the target fire source and sending a signal to the controller, and a spraying power assembly disposed in the body compartment, wherein the controller receives the signal from the guidance system to control the spraying power assembly to generate a high-pressure carbon dioxide mixture through a carbon dioxide phase change and perform work on the fire extinguishing agent;

[0006] The spraying power assembly includes multiple spraying power devices connected sequentially along the axial direction. Each spraying power device includes a housing, with end plates connected to both ends of the housing. The end plates and the housing are spaced apart to form airflow holes. The interior of the housing is filled with liquid carbon dioxide and also includes a phase change unit. A wall-passing connector is provided on the side wall of the housing, and the wall-passing connector is connected to the phase change unit through an internal wall cable. An external wall cable is connected to the controller, and the external wall cable is connected to the wall-passing connector on each spraying power device.

[0007] In the above scheme, a single independent spraying power unit capable of continuing carbon dioxide phase change is designed, and the spraying power units are connected sequentially along the axis of the projectile. In use, multiple spraying power units can be controlled by a controller to sequentially and orderly activate phase change, without the need for remote control. This allows for safer application and more efficient fire extinguishing in remote, dangerous, and high-risk areas.

[0008] Preferably, the housing has ports at both ends, and mechanical valves are provided on the ports.

[0009] Preferably, the two ends of the housing are formed with conical surfaces, and the conical surfaces are arranged adjacent to the airflow holes.

[0010] Preferably, the phase change unit includes a retainer installed in the housing, a drug tube disposed in the retainer, an activator filled in the drug tube, and a resistance wire connected to the activator, wherein the resistance wire is connected to an internal cable.

[0011] To facilitate the uniform action of the heated activator on the liquid carbon dioxide, multiple openings are provided on the side wall of the drug tube.

[0012] Preferably, the inner diameter of the loading area of ​​the fire extinguishing agent in the missile body compartment is larger than the outer diameter of the spraying power assembly, and an axial annular channel is formed between the fire extinguishing agent and the spraying power assembly at intervals.

[0013] The present invention also provides a fire extinguishing method using the above-mentioned fire extinguishing bomb, comprising the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: Ejecting the fire extinguishing projectile; The guidance system detects the fire scene environment in real time and calculates the flight trajectory of the fire extinguishing projectile. The guidance system controls the fire extinguishing projectile to fly towards the target fire source according to the flight trajectory.

[0015] Step two: When the fire extinguishing bomb reaches above the fire source, the guidance system sends a command to the controller;

[0016] Step 3: The controller sequentially sends current signals to each spraying power unit in the spraying power assembly, thereby sequentially stimulating the phase change units in multiple spraying power units starting from the projectile to send phase changes to generate high-pressure carbon dioxide mixed gas. The high-pressure carbon dioxide mixed gas is ejected from the airflow hole and diffuses, doing work on the extinguishing agent and causing the extinguishing agent to be ejected from the projectile to form a fire curtain.

[0017] Preferably, the high-pressure carbon dioxide mixture is ejected from the airflow orifice in both radial and oblique directions, with the oblique spray directions of a single spraying power device intersecting.

[0018] Preferably, a pressure threshold is set for each spraying power unit. When the pressure of the high-pressure carbon dioxide mixture generated in the spraying power unit is greater than the set pressure threshold, the high-pressure carbon dioxide mixture breaks through the shell and is ejected from the airflow hole. The pressure thresholds of the multiple spraying power units gradually increase from the projectile.

[0019] Preferably, the firing sequence of the multiple spraying power units includes a linear sequence mode, a jump firing mode, and an adaptive mode.

[0020] Compared with related technologies, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] I. This invention designs a single, independent spraying power device capable of continuing carbon dioxide phase change, and connects the spraying power devices sequentially along the axial direction of the projectile. In use, multiple spraying power devices can be controlled by a controller to sequentially and orderly activate phase change, eliminating the need for remote control. This allows for safer application and more efficient fire suppression in remote, dangerous, and high-risk areas.

[0022] Second, the multiple spraying power devices of the present invention sequentially and orderly activate phase change, spraying the extinguishing agent at high speed in a three-dimensional and diffuse manner, forming a wide-ranging and uniformly dense extinguishing agent cloud; this spraying method solves the problem of uneven distribution of extinguishing agent caused by traditional single-point detonation, such as small coverage area, excessive concentration in the center and excessive sparseness at the edge, and its extinguishing efficiency and coverage effect are better than traditional single-point blasting methods.

[0023] Third, this invention uses an electrically heated activator to activate liquid carbon dioxide. The phase change process is rapid. The high-pressure carbon dioxide mixture is ejected from the airflow holes at both ends of the spraying power device. It is sprayed radially along the end plate and also diffused along a conical surface at a 45° angle to the end plate, forming a jet spray pattern with a composite spray angle. This spray pattern can cover the fire extinguishing agent loading area on the inner wall of the projectile, improving the uniformity of spray distribution and the utilization efficiency of the fire extinguishing agent.

[0024] Fourth, during the descent of the fire extinguishing bomb, the closer it gets to the ground, the greater its kinetic energy and the smaller the impact of air resistance on the diffusion of the extinguishing agent. When the spraying power device near the tail of the bomb is released, since the fire source has been eliminated, it requires greater power to prevent the subsequently released extinguishing agent from being blocked by the previously released material. This invention sets different pressure thresholds for each spraying power device to achieve power differentiation. For example, the spraying power device near the warhead has a gentler impact force to prevent the bomb from becoming unstable due to sudden and huge reaction during flight. The spraying power devices in the middle provide continuous and stable thrust to maintain the continuity of the extinguishing agent curtain. The spraying power device near the tail of the bomb needs to provide the maximum power to ensure that the extinguishing agent in the final stage can cover the target area with sufficient kinetic energy, thereby maximizing the fire extinguishing efficiency.

[0025] V. This invention uses a spraying power component as a power source, replacing the traditional chemical energy driving method with a physical phase change of carbon dioxide. It utilizes the physical phase change to generate high-pressure carbon dioxide gas as the spraying power of the fire extinguishing agent. There are no chemical explosives. At the same time, carbon dioxide, which is the power source and part of the fire extinguishing medium, is a common gas in nature. It is non-toxic, leaves no residue, and does not pollute the environment, thus having environmental and safety advantages.

[0026] VI. This invention combines a power source with a fire extinguishing agent: First, when the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed using the phase change of carbon dioxide, the released low-temperature carbon dioxide gas can rapidly reduce the oxygen concentration in the fire source area, achieving a suffocating and cooling effect, effectively inhibiting and slowing the spread of the fire; second, the evenly distributed fire extinguishing agent deeply extinguishes the fire source. The synergistic effect of these two methods achieves a dual strike effect of first inhibiting and then extinguishing the fire, resulting in a comprehensive fire extinguishing efficiency far exceeding that of a single fire extinguishing agent, achieving a synergistic effect of "1+1>2". Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fire extinguishing bomb provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the spraying power unit.

[0029] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the spraying power unit;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the spraying power unit with a compound spray direction.

[0031] In the attached diagram: 1. Projectile body; 11. Warhead compartment; 12. Body compartment; 13. Tail compartment; 2. Guidance system; 3. Spraying power assembly; 31. Spraying power unit; 3100. Shell; 311. Conical surface; 312. End plate; 313. Port; 3101. Injection port; 3102. Cable inlet; 3103. Liquid carbon dioxide; 3104. Over-wall connector; 3105. In-wall cable; 3106. Fixer; 3107. Propellant tube; 3108. Activator; 3109. Resistance wire; 3110. Airflow orifice; 3111. Mechanical valve; 314. Phase change unit; 4. Extinguishing agent; 5. Out-of-wall cable; 6. Controller; 7. Battery; 8. Attitude adjustment fin. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other. For ease of description, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" used below only indicate that they correspond to the upper, lower, left, and right directions in the accompanying drawings and do not limit the structure.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the fire extinguishing projectile provided in this embodiment includes a projectile body 1, a guidance system 2, a spraying power component 3, a fire extinguishing agent 4, an external cable 5, a controller 6, a battery 7, and an attitude adjustment wing 8.

[0034] The projectile 1 includes a warhead, a body, and a tail arranged sequentially. The warhead has a warhead compartment 11, the body has a body compartment 12, and the tail has a tail compartment 13. The outer wall of the tail is provided with attitude adjustment wings 8.

[0035] The guidance system 2 is installed inside the warhead compartment 11. The guidance system 2 is used to detect the fire scene environment, calculate the flight trajectory of the fire extinguishing projectile, and control the attitude adjustment fins 8 to guide the fire extinguishing projectile toward the target fire source. When the fire extinguishing projectile reaches a specific distance above the fire source area, the guidance system 2 sends a signal to the controller 6, so that the controller 6 issues a control command to release the fire extinguishing agent 4.

[0036] The tail section 13 houses a controller 6 and a battery 7. The battery 7 provides power for the fire extinguishing projectile. The body section 12 houses a spraying propulsion assembly 3 and a fire extinguishing agent 4. The spraying propulsion assembly 3 generates a high-pressure carbon dioxide mixture through a carbon dioxide phase change (phase change process as shown in CN111457787A), which serves as the physical power source for spraying the fire extinguishing agent 4. Both ends of the spraying propulsion assembly 3 are bolted to the inner walls of the projectile head and tail, respectively. The inner diameter of the loading area for the fire extinguishing agent 4 within the body section 12 is larger than the outer diameter of the spraying propulsion assembly 3, and an axial annular channel is formed between the fire extinguishing agent 4 and the spraying propulsion assembly 3. Under the action of the high-pressure carbon dioxide mixture released by the spraying propulsion assembly 3, the fire extinguishing agent 4 is sprayed at high speed and extinguishes the fire area.

[0037] The spraying power assembly 3 includes multiple spraying power devices 31 connected sequentially along the axial direction. One end of the external cable 5 is connected to the controller 6, and the other end forms multiple connection interfaces. Each connection interface is connected to a corresponding spraying power device 31, thereby enabling the external cable 5 to sequentially send current signals to each spraying power device 31. After receiving the signal from the guidance system 2, the controller 6 sends current signals sequentially to the spraying power devices 31 (starting from the projectile) via the external cable 5. This current signal is a point-to-point communication sent to each spraying power device 31. In this way, precise control can be achieved in practice. For example, the controller 6 can send activation signals to each spraying power device 31 sequentially at millisecond intervals. Based on the falling speed and length of the fire extinguishing projectile, the activation time difference of each spraying power device 31 is calculated to ensure that a continuous fire curtain is formed during the falling of the fire extinguishing projectile, achieving spatial coverage. For example, if the fire extinguishing bomb falls at a speed of 30 m / s and an activation interval of 100 s is set, then two adjacent releases will be 3 meters apart in space, forming a continuous three-dimensional fire extinguishing curtain. The release sequence can be programmed as follows: Controller 6 controls multiple release mode algorithms, such as linear sequence mode: activating sequentially in the order of 1→2→3→...→N, suitable for uniform coverage scenarios; jump activation mode: activating sequentially in the order of 1234→5678, suitable for annular fire source scenarios; adaptive mode: dynamically adjusting the activation sequence and time interval based on the real-time feedback of fire field range and wind field information from guidance system 2.

[0038] like Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, the spraying power unit 31 includes a housing 3100, which is made of a metal composite material and has heat insulation and high pressure resistance properties. The housing 3100 is generally cylindrical, with conical ends forming conical surfaces 311. End plates 312 are connected to both ends of the housing 3100, and airflow holes 3110 are formed at intervals between the end plates 312 and the housing 3100. The end plates 312 of two adjacent spraying power units 31 are interconnected, and the end plate 312 of the spraying power unit 31 located at the end is connected to the inner wall of the projectile or the inner wall of the projectile tail. Ports 313 are provided at both ends of the housing 3100, and mechanical valves 3111 are installed on the ports 313. Alternatively, ports 313 and mechanical valves 3111 may be omitted, and the valve inside the housing 3100 can be directly formed through the side wall of the housing 3100.

[0039] The housing 3100 contains a phase change unit 314, an internal cable 3105, and is filled with liquid carbon dioxide 3103. A liquid injection port 3101 for filling the housing 3100 with liquid carbon dioxide 3103 is provided on the side wall of the housing 3100. The injection port 3101 is sealed with a threaded plug and a low-temperature resistant rubber sealing ring to prevent leakage of liquid carbon dioxide 3103 during filling or storage. A wall-mounted connector 3104 is also provided on the side wall of the housing 3100, with an inlet 3102 connecting the external cable 5 and the internal cable 3105. The wall-mounted connector 3104 has sealing properties to prevent leakage of liquid carbon dioxide 3103.

[0040] The phase change unit 314 includes a fixture 3106 installed within the housing 3100, a drug tube 3107 disposed within the fixture 3106, an activator 3108 filled within the drug tube 3107, and a resistance wire 3109 connected to the activator 3108. The resistance wire 3109 is connected to an internal cable 3105. Multiple openings are arranged on the side wall of the drug tube 3107. The resistance wire 3109 acts as an electric heating element to heat the activator 3108. The activator 3108 generates high temperature, rapidly causing a liquid-gas phase change in liquid carbon dioxide 3103, thereby generating a high-pressure carbon dioxide mixture to power the spraying of the extinguishing agent 4. The fixture 3106 is cylindrical, with the drug tube 3107 arranged along its central axis. The controller 6 transmits an electrical signal from the external cable 5 to the internal cable 3105, thereby heating the resistance wire 3109 and promoting the heating of the activator 3108.

[0041] The present invention also provides a fire extinguishing method using the above-mentioned fire extinguishing bomb, comprising the following steps:

[0042] Step 1: Set the pressure threshold for each spraying power unit 31, with the pressure threshold of the multiple spraying power units 31 gradually increasing from the projectile.

[0043] Step 2: Launch the fire extinguishing projectile; the guidance system 2 detects the fire scene environment in real time and calculates the flight trajectory of the fire extinguishing projectile. The guidance system 2 controls the fire extinguishing projectile to fly towards the target fire source according to the flight trajectory.

[0044] Step 3: When the fire extinguishing bomb reaches above the fire source, the guidance system 2 sends a command to the controller 6.

[0045] Step four: The controller 6 sequentially sends current signals to each spraying power unit 31 in the spraying power assembly 3, starting from the spraying power unit 31 closest to the projectile head and proceeding sequentially towards the projectile tail. The current signals enter the inner cable 3105 from the outer wall cable 5, activating the resistance wire 3109. This causes the resistance wire 3109 to heat the activator 3108, generating high temperatures. The high temperatures cause the liquid carbon dioxide 3103 to undergo a phase change, transforming it into a high-pressure carbon dioxide mixture. When the pressure of the high-pressure carbon dioxide mixture generated in the spraying power unit 31 exceeds its set pressure threshold, the high-pressure carbon dioxide mixture breaks through the housing 3100 and is ejected from the airflow hole 3110. If a mechanical valve 3111 is installed, the set pressure threshold is also the pressure threshold of the mechanical valve 3111. When the pressure of the high-pressure carbon dioxide mixture exceeds the pressure threshold of the mechanical valve 3111, the valve of the mechanical valve 3111 automatically opens.

[0046] Step 5: The high-pressure carbon dioxide mixture ejected from the airflow hole 3110 generates a radial airflow along the end plate 312, and simultaneously generates an inclined airflow at a 45° angle to the end plate 312 along the conical surface 311. The inclined spraying directions of the individual spraying power device 31 intersect (e.g., Figure 4 (As shown).

[0047] Step six: The ejected high-pressure carbon dioxide mixture detonates the projectile 1, releasing the extinguishing agent 4. The spraying power unit 31 is activated, thereby forming a continuous, three-dimensional fire curtain during the projectile's flight and descent, achieving wide-area coverage of large fire sources. At the same time, the low-temperature carbon dioxide gas also effectively reduces the oxygen concentration in the fire area due to rapid expansion, playing an auxiliary role in suffocation and cooling.

[0048] The explosion of multiple spraying power units 31 is initiated in an orderly manner along the direction from the warhead to the tail. When the mechanical valves 3111 at both ends of the spraying power unit 31 are opened, high-pressure carbon dioxide gas is ejected from the airflow holes 3110 at both ends. It is sprayed along the direction of the end plate 312, and at the same time, it is distributed and diffused along the conical surface at a 45° angle to the end plate 312, forming a jet spray mode with a composite spray angle. When multiple spraying power units 31 are combined in parallel, each device achieves this composite spray mode. The spray is superimposed in the axial direction and in the longitudinal annular spray, which can cover the fire extinguishing agent 4 loading area on the inner wall of the projectile. It can also improve the spraying efficiency, the uniformity of carbon dioxide distribution, and the power release effect.

[0049] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fire extinguishing projectile, comprising a projectile body (1) having a warhead compartment (11), a body compartment (12), and a tail compartment (13), and a fire extinguishing agent (4) disposed within the body compartment (12), characterized in that, It also includes a controller (6) located in the tail section (13), a guidance system (2) located in the warhead section (11) for controlling the fire extinguishing bomb to fly toward the target fire source and sending a signal to the controller (6), and a spraying power assembly (3) located in the body section (12). The controller (6) receives the signal from the guidance system (2) to control the spraying power assembly (3) to generate a high-pressure carbon dioxide mixture through carbon dioxide phase change and do work on the fire extinguishing agent (4). The spraying power assembly (3) includes multiple spraying power devices (31) connected sequentially along the axial direction. Each spraying power device (31) includes a housing (3100). Both ends of the housing (3100) are connected to end plates (312). The end plates (312) and the housing (3100) are spaced apart to form airflow holes (3110). The housing (3100) is filled with liquid carbon dioxide (3103) and also has a phase change unit (314). A wall-mounted connector (3104) is provided on the side wall of the housing (3100). The wall-mounted connector (3104) is connected to the phase change unit (314) through an internal wall cable (3105). An external wall cable (5) is connected to the controller (6). The external wall cable (5) is connected to the wall-mounted connector (3104) on each spraying power device (31).

2. The fire extinguishing bomb according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both ends of the housing (3100) are provided with ports (313), and mechanical valves (3111) are provided on the ports (313).

3. The fire extinguishing bomb according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing (3100) has conical surfaces (311) formed at both ends, and the conical surfaces (311) are arranged close to the airflow holes (3110).

4. The fire extinguishing bomb according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phase change unit (314) includes a retainer (3106) installed in the housing (3100), a medicine tube (3107) disposed in the retainer (3106), an activator (3108) filled in the medicine tube (3107), and a resistance wire (3109) connected to the activator (3108). The resistance wire (3109) is connected to an internal cable (3105).

5. The fire extinguishing bomb according to claim 4, characterized in that, Multiple openings are arranged on the side wall of the medicine tube (3107).

6. The fire extinguishing bomb according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the loading area of ​​the fire extinguishing agent (4) in the bomb body compartment (12) is larger than the outer diameter of the spraying power assembly (3), and an axial annular channel is formed between the fire extinguishing agent (4) and the spraying power assembly (3) at intervals.

7. A fire extinguishing method using fire extinguishing bombs as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Eject fire extinguishing projectiles; The guidance system (2) detects the fire scene environment in real time and calculates the flight trajectory of the fire extinguishing projectiles. The guidance system (2) controls the fire extinguishing projectiles to fly towards the target fire source according to the flight trajectory. Step 2: When the fire extinguishing bomb reaches above the fire source, the guidance system (2) sends a command to the controller (6); Step 3: The controller (6) sends current signals to each spraying power unit (31) in the spraying power assembly (3) in sequence, thereby stimulating the phase change units (314) in the multiple spraying power units (31) starting from the projectile to send phase changes to generate high-pressure carbon dioxide mixed gas. The high-pressure carbon dioxide mixed gas is ejected from the airflow hole (3110) and diffuses, doing work on the extinguishing agent (4), causing the extinguishing agent (4) to be ejected from the projectile (1) to form a fire curtain.

8. The fire extinguishing method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The high-pressure carbon dioxide mixture is ejected from the airflow hole (3110) in both radial and oblique directions, and the oblique spraying directions of the individual spraying power device (31) intersect.

9. The fire extinguishing method according to claim 7, characterized in that, A pressure threshold is set in each spraying power unit (31). When the pressure of the high-pressure carbon dioxide mixture generated in the spraying power unit (31) is greater than the set pressure threshold, the high-pressure carbon dioxide mixture breaks through the housing (3100) and is ejected from the airflow hole (3110). The pressure thresholds of the multiple spraying power units (31) gradually increase from the head.

10. The fire extinguishing method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The firing sequence of multiple spraying power units (31) includes linear sequence mode, jump firing mode and adaptive mode.

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