Deformation measuring device and measuring method

Abstract

The application provides a deformation measurement device and a measurement method, and belongs to the field of deformation measurement of thermal power generating units. The deformation measurement device comprises a base, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a first angle detection element, a second angle detection element and a third angle detection element. One end of the first connecting rod is ball-hinged to the base, one end of the second connecting rod is ball-hinged to the other end of the first connecting rod, and the other end of the second connecting rod is loaded with a deformation element to be detected of a thermal power equipment main body. When the deformation element to be detected expands and deforms, the elevation angle of the first connecting rod, the azimuth angle of the first connecting rod and the included angle between the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod can be changed. The azimuth angle of the first connecting rod is detected by the first angle detection element, the elevation angle of the first connecting rod is detected by the second angle detection element, the included angle between the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod is detected by the third angle detection element, and the three-dimensional coordinates of the expansion deformation of the deformation element to be detected are calculated, so that the accurate deformation can be processed in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of thermal power unit expansion deformation measurement technology, and in particular to a deformation measurement device and measurement method. Background Technology

[0002] A thermal power unit refers to a complete set of equipment systems in a thermal power plant that converts the chemical energy of fuels (coal, natural gas, oil, etc.) into electrical energy. It mainly includes major structures such as boilers, steam turbines, generators, and condensers.

[0003] Under certain operating conditions (such as deep peak shaving and start-stop peak shaving), thermal power units may experience significant expansion and deformation, which can affect their normal operation. Therefore, accurately measuring and calculating the expansion and deformation of thermal power units to provide operators with precise information on the amount of expansion and deformation is a pressing issue that needs to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a deformation measuring device and method, which aims to solve the problem of how to measure and calculate the expansion deformation of thermal power units.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a deformation measuring device, including a base, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a first angle detection element, a second angle detection element, and a third angle detection element;

[0006] One end of the first connecting rod is ball-jointed to the base; one end of the second connecting rod is ball-jointed to the other end of the first connecting rod, and the other end of the second connecting rod is used to mount the deformation element to be tested of the main body of the thermal power equipment; a first angle detection element is disposed at the hinge joint between the first connecting rod and the base, and is used to detect the azimuth angle of the first connecting rod; a second angle detection element is disposed on the first connecting rod and is used to detect the elevation angle of the first connecting rod; a third angle detection element is disposed at the hinge joint between the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod and is used to detect the included angle between the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod.

[0007] In a coordinate system established with the hinge point between the first connecting rod and the base as the origin, the deformation amount (X) of the deformable element to be detected is... C、 Y C、 Z C )satisfy:

[0008] X C =cos 1*L1cosθ1+L2cos(θ1+θ2)cos 1, Y C =sin 1*L1cosθ1+L2cos(θ1+θ2)sin 1, Z C =L1sinθ1+L2sin(θ1+θ2;where L1 is the length of the first link and L2 is the length of the second link. θ1 is the azimuth angle, θ2 is the elevation angle, and θ2 is the included angle.

[0009] The deformation measurement device includes a data processor, a display, and an input device;

[0010] The data processor is electrically connected to the first angle detection element, the second angle detection element, the third angle detection element, the display, and the input device, respectively, and is used to calculate the deformation amount based on the azimuth angle, the elevation angle, the included angle, and the lengths of the first and second links input by the input device, and display it through the display.

[0011] In some embodiments, the other end of the second link is provided with a support structure for clamping and loading the deformable element to be detected.

[0012] In some embodiments, the support structure includes a connecting component and a clamping component. The connecting component is connected to the other end of the second link and the clamping component, respectively. The clamping component has a clamping cavity through which the deformable element to be tested passes and clamps the deformable element to be tested.

[0013] In some embodiments, the clamping assembly includes at least two clamping members arranged sequentially along the circumference of the deformable element to be detected, all of which together enclose the clamping cavity, and adjacent clamping members are connected by an adjusting connector to make the internal volume of the clamping cavity adjustable.

[0014] In some embodiments, a clamping connector is provided on the outer wall of the clamping member on the side away from the clamping cavity, the clamping connector is provided with a threaded connection hole, and the adjusting connector includes a threaded fastener that is threadedly engaged with the threaded connection hole.

[0015] In some embodiments, the inner contour shape of the clamping cavity is adapted to the outer contour shape of the deformable element to be detected.

[0016] In some embodiments, the connecting assembly includes at least two sequentially hinged sub-links, wherein the first sub-link is connected to the other end of the second link, and the tail sub-link is connected to the clamping assembly.

[0017] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a measurement method for measuring deformation using a deformation measuring device, including...

[0018] Measure and obtain the lengths of the first and second links;

[0019] The azimuth angle of the first link is obtained by detecting the first angle detection element;

[0020] The elevation angle of the first link is obtained by detecting the second angle detection element;

[0021] The included angle between the first link and the second link is obtained by detecting the third angle detection element;

[0022] A coordinate system is established with the hinge point between the first link and the base as the origin. Based on the azimuth angle, the elevation angle, the included angle, the length of the first link, and the length of the second link, the deformation amount (X) of the deformable element to be detected is calculated using the following formula. C、 Y C、 Z C ):

[0023] X C =cos 1*L1cosθ1+L2cos(θ1+θ2)cos 1, Y C =sin 1*L1cosθ1+L2cos(θ1+θ2)sin 1, Z C =L1sinθ1+L2sin(θ1+θ2;where L1 is the length of the first link and L2 is the length of the second link. θ1 is the azimuth angle, θ2 is the elevation angle, and θ2 is the included angle.

[0024] In some embodiments, after calculating the deformation of the deformable element to be detected, the measurement method further includes verifying the calculated deformation, wherein the verification method includes:

[0025] A set of calibration values ​​for the azimuth, elevation, and included angles is set. The deformation of the deformed part to be tested is measured by a displacement detection element to obtain the actual measured deformation, which is then compared with the calculated deformation to obtain the error. Alternatively, multiple sets of calibration values ​​for the azimuth, elevation, and included angles are set dynamically and continuously. Multiple sets of actual measured deformation values ​​for the deformed part to be tested are measured by a displacement detection element to obtain multiple sets of actual measured deformation values, which are then compared with the deformation calculated from the corresponding calibration values ​​to obtain multiple sets of error values.

[0026] The calculated deformation result is considered valid when the error is less than the preset error threshold.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0028] This application provides a deformation measurement device and method. The measuring device includes a base, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a first angle detection element, a second angle detection element, and a third angle detection element. One end of the first connecting rod is ball-jointed to the base, and one end of the second connecting rod is ball-jointed to the other end of the first connecting rod. The other end of the second connecting rod is used to mount the deformation element to be tested on the main body of the thermal power equipment. Thus, when the deformation element to be tested expands and deforms, causing its displacement (i.e., the coordinates of the deformation element to be tested change in a coordinate system established with the hinge point between the first connecting rod and the base as the origin), the first and second connecting rods can move in tandem, thereby changing the elevation angle, azimuth angle, and the included angle between the first and second connecting rods. Therefore, in this application, the azimuth angle of the first connecting rod is detected by the first angle detection element, the elevation angle of the first connecting rod is detected by the second angle detection element, and the included angle between the first and second connecting rods is detected by the third angle detection element. Then, the three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, X, Y) of the expansion deformation of the deformation element to be tested can be calculated using a formula. C、 Y C、 Z C This allows operators to know the precise deformation of the deformable element being tested, enabling timely response and handling. The calculation formula is: X C =cos 1*L1cosθ1+L2cos(θ1+θ2)cos 1, Y C =sin 1*L1cosθ1+L2cos(θ1+θ2)sin 1, Z C =L1sinθ1+L2sin(θ1+θ2). Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the deformation measuring device shown in the embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the deformation measuring device shown in the embodiment of this application, which carries the deformation element to be detected.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the deformation measuring device shown in the embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for measuring deformation using a deformation measuring device, as shown in an embodiment of this application.

[0034] Figure label:

[0035] 100, Base; 110, Frame; 120, First ball joint; 130, Second ball joint; 200, First link; 300, Second link; 400, Deformation element to be detected; 500, First angle detection element; 600, Second angle detection element; 700, Third angle detection element; 800, Bearing structure; 810, Connecting assembly; 811, Sub-link; 820, Clamping assembly; 821, Clamping component; 822, Adjusting connector; 823, Clamping connector; 830, Clamping cavity; 910, Data processor; 920, Display; 930, Input device. Detailed Implementation

[0036] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," "fifth," and "sixth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," "third," "fourth," "fifth," and "sixth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0037] In embodiments of this application, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown in the figure, this application provides a deformation measuring device, including a base 100, a first connecting rod 200, a second connecting rod 300, a first angle detection element 500, a second angle detection element 600, and a third angle detection element 700.

[0039] One end of the first connecting rod 200 is ball-jointed to the base 100; one end of the second connecting rod 300 is ball-jointed to the other end of the first connecting rod 200, and the other end of the second connecting rod 300 is used to load the deformation element 400 to be tested of the main body of the thermal power equipment; the first angle detection element 500 is provided at the hinge between the first connecting rod 200 and the base 100, and is used to detect the azimuth angle of the first connecting rod 200; the second angle detection element 600 is provided on the first connecting rod 200 and is used to detect the elevation angle of the first connecting rod 200; the third angle detection element 700 is provided at the hinge between the first connecting rod 200 and the second connecting rod 300 and is used to detect the included angle between the first connecting rod 200 and the second connecting rod 300.

[0040] In a coordinate system established with the hinge point between the first connecting rod 200 and the base 100 as the origin, the deformation coordinates (X, X) of the deformable element 400 to be tested are... C、 Y C、 Z C Satisfy: X C =cos 1*L1cosθ1+L2cos(θ1+θ2)cos 1, Y C =sin 1*L1cosθ1+L2cos(θ1+θ2)sin 1, Z C =L1sinθ1+L2sin(θ1+θ2;where L1 is the length of the first link 200, and L2 is the length of the second link 300. 1 is the azimuth angle, θ1 is the elevation angle, and θ2 is the included angle.

[0041] In specific implementation, the first link 200 and the base 100 can be spherically hinged using a first ball joint 120. That is, the first link 200 can rotate freely in three directions in three-dimensional space relative to the base 100 about the hinge point between them. This hinge point can be referenced... Figure 1 Point A is shown in the diagram. These three directions can be understood as the X, Y, and Z directions of an XYZ coordinate system established with the hinge point A between the first connecting rod 200 and the base 100 as the origin. See point A for details. Figure 1 As shown. The origin can be considered as the intersection of the central axis of the first link 200 and the central axis of the base 100. Referring to the right-hand rule of the rectangular coordinate system, the X-axis can be considered as the horizontal forward direction, the Y-axis as the horizontal left direction, and the Z-axis as the vertical upward direction.

[0042] Similarly, the second link 300 and the first link 200 can also be spherically hinged using a second ball joint 130. This means the second link 300 can rotate freely in three directions relative to the first link 200 in three-dimensional space. Specifically, the second link 300 can rotate in three dimensions relative to the first link 200 around the hinge point between them. This hinge point can be referenced... Figure 1 As shown at point B, the end of the second link 300 furthest from the first link 200 is the free end that bears the deformable element 400 to be tested. See point B for details. Figure 1 As shown by point C in the diagram, the deformation of the deformable element 400 to be tested can be considered as the change in the coordinates of point C. The deformation of the deformable element 400 to be tested can be obtained by determining the coordinates of point C.

[0043] Specifically, the length of the first link 200 can be measured beforehand manually using a ruler or a length sensor. This length is a constant, meaning it will not change with the deformation of the deformable element 400 being tested. Specifically, the length of the first link 200 can be considered as the dimension from point A to point B along the Z direction. Similarly, the length of the second link 300 can be measured beforehand manually using a ruler or a length sensor. This length is also a constant, meaning it will not change with the deformation of the deformable element 400 being tested. The length of the second link 300 can be considered as the dimension from point B to point C along the Y direction.

[0044] It should be noted that, 1 represents the azimuth angle of the first link 200, which is the angle between the projection of the first link 200 on the XY plane and the X-axis (i.e., the rotation angle around the Z-axis).

[0045] θ1 is the elevation angle of the first link 200, that is, the angle between the first link 200 and the XY plane (i.e., the rotation angle around the Y axis).

[0046] θ2 is the angle between the first link 200 and the second link 300, that is, the angle between the first link 200 and the second link 300 in the swing plane (rotation angle about an axis perpendicular to the swing plane).

[0047] Because of the ball joint connection between the first link 200 and the second link 300, and the ball joint connection between the first link 200 and the base 100, the entire deformation measuring device can rotate as the deformable element 400 under test expands and deforms. Therefore, the elevation angle of the first link 200, the azimuth angle of the first link 200, and the included angle between the first link 200 and the second link 300 will all change dynamically as the deformable element 400 under test expands and deforms.

[0048] Therefore, in this embodiment, by placing the first angle detection element 500 at the hinge between the first connecting rod 200 and the base 100 to detect the azimuth angle of the first connecting rod 200, placing the second angle detection element 600 on the first connecting rod 200 to detect the elevation angle of the first connecting rod 200, and placing the third angle detection element 700 at the hinge between the first connecting rod 200 and the second connecting rod 300 to detect the included angle between the first connecting rod 200 and the second connecting rod 300, the formula for calculating the deformation amount of the deformable element 400 to be detected can be derived based on the azimuth angle, elevation angle, included angle, length of the first connecting rod 200, and length of the second connecting rod 300. The specific derivation process is as follows:

[0049] Step 1: Determine the coordinates of point B (the end of the first link 200).

[0050] The first link rotates around point A, and the spatial position of point B is determined by... 1 and θ1 determine:

[0051] (1) Projection on the XY plane: The projection distance of point B on the XY plane from point A is L1cosθ1 (because θ1 is the angle between the first link 200 and the XY plane, the horizontal projection length is L1cosθ1).

[0052] (2) Projected coordinates: X B =L1cosθ1cos 1, Y B =L1cosθ1sin 1;

[0053] (3) Vertical coordinate: Z B =L1sinθ1 (The vertical height is determined by the elevation angle θ1).

[0054] (4) Final coordinates of point B:

[0055] X B =L1cosθ1cos 1; Y B =L1cosθ1sin 1; Z B =L1sinθ1.

[0056] Step 2: Solve for the displacement (ΔX, ΔY, ΔZ) of point C relative to point B.

[0057] The second link 300 rotates around point B, and its spatial orientation is determined by θ2 (the swing plane is the same as the swing plane of the first link 200, and the azimuth angle is...). 1 remains unchanged):

[0058] (1) Projected length of the second link 300 in the XY plane: L2cos(θ1+θ2) (Since θ2 is the angle between the second link 300 and the first link 200, the total elevation angle is θ1+θ2).

[0059] (2) Relative displacement projection: ΔX = L2cos(θ1 + θ2)cos 1. △Y=L2cos(θ1+θ2)sin 1;

[0060] (3) Relative vertical displacement: ΔZ = L2sin(θ1 + θ2)

[0061] (4) Final relative displacement:

[0062] △X = L2cos(θ1+θ2)cos 1

[0063] △Y=L2cos(θ1+θ2)sin 1

[0064] △Z=L2sin(θ1+θ2)

[0065] Step 3: Solve for the three-dimensional absolute displacement of point C

[0066] The absolute displacement of point C is the sum of the coordinates of point B and the relative displacement, ultimately yielding the three-dimensional displacement formula for point C:

[0067] X C =cos 1*L1cosθ1+L2cos(θ1+θ2)cos 1

[0068] Y C =sin 1*L1cosθ1+L2cos(θ1+θ2)sin 1

[0069] Z C =L1sinθ1+L2sin(θ1+θ2).

[0070] Through the above derivation process, the absolute coordinates of point C are obtained, along with the length L1 of the first link 200, the length L2 of the second link 300, and the azimuth angle of the first link 200. 1. The elevation angle θ1 of the first link 200 and the included angle θ2 between the first link 200 and the second link 300 are related, while the length L1 of the first link 200 and the length L2 of the second link 300 are fixed values. Therefore, the azimuth angle of the first link 200 is detected in real time. 1. The real-time expansion deformation of the deformable element 400 to be detected can be calculated from the elevation angle θ1 of the first link 200 and the included angle θ2 between the first link 200 and the second link 300, so as to provide dynamic monitoring and can be used to judge the deformation trend for effective response.

[0071] For example, in this embodiment, the first angle detection element 500 can be a rotary encoder or a photoelectric goniometer, the second angle detection element 600 can be a dual-axis inclinometer or an optical encoder, and the third angle detection element 700 can be an angle sensor (such as a potentiometer) or a gyroscope, etc.

[0072] Furthermore, in this embodiment, after obtaining the azimuth angle, elevation angle, included angle, and length parameters of the first link 200 and the second link 300, the final deformation amount can be calculated manually according to the above-mentioned deformation amount formula.

[0073] As described above, the deformation measuring device of this embodiment includes a base 100, a first connecting rod 200, a second connecting rod 300, a first angle detection element 500, a second angle detection element 600, and a third angle detection element 700. One end of the first connecting rod 200 is ball-jointed to the base 100, and one end of the second connecting rod 300 is ball-jointed to the other end of the first connecting rod 200. The other end of the second connecting rod 300 is used to load the deformation element 400 to be tested of the main body of the thermal power equipment. Thus, when the deformation element 400 to be tested expands and deforms, causing its displacement (i.e., the coordinates of the deformation element 400 to be tested change in the coordinate system established with the hinge point of the first connecting rod 200 and the base 100 as the origin), it can ultimately link the first connecting rod 200 and the second connecting rod 300 to move, thereby changing the elevation angle, azimuth angle of the first connecting rod 200, and the included angle between the first connecting rod 200 and the second connecting rod 300. Therefore, in this embodiment, the azimuth angle of the first link 200 is detected by the first angle detection element 500, the elevation angle of the first link 200 is detected by the second angle detection element 600, and the included angle between the first link 200 and the second link 300 is detected by the third angle detection element 700. Then, the three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, X) of the expansion deformation of the deformable element 400 to be detected can be calculated by formula. C、 Y C、 Z C This allows operators to know the precise deformation of the deformable element 400 under test, enabling timely response and intervention. Furthermore, monitoring deformation trends can help predict expansion changes and anomalies in advance. Among these, X... C =cos 1*L1cosθ1+L2cos(θ1+θ2)cos 1, Y C =sin 1*L1cosθ1+L2cos(θ1+θ2)sin 1, Z C =L1sinθ1+L2sin(θ1+θ2).

[0074] Specifically, the deformation measurement device of this embodiment can be applied to the detection of components in thermal power units that are prone to expansion and deformation. For example, it can detect the expansion and deformation of the main steam pipes (the two high-temperature, high-pressure steam pipes between the superheater outlet header and the high-pressure main steam valve interface), the hot reheat steam pipes (the two high-temperature, high-pressure steam pipes between the reheater outlet header and the intermediate-pressure main steam valve interface), the cold reheat steam pipes (the two high-temperature, high-pressure steam pipes between the high-pressure cylinder exhaust port and the reheater inlet header interface), and the high-pressure feedwater pipes (the high-pressure boiler feedwater pipes between the electric feedwater pump outlet and the economizer inlet header interface). Furthermore, it can also be used to detect the expansion and deformation of the upper water-cooled wall header, the intermediate water-cooled wall mixing header, the lower water-cooled wall header, the spiral section tube panel, and the vertical section tube panel of the boiler.

[0075] Reference Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a data processor 910, an input device 930, and a display 920 can also be provided. The data processor 910 is electrically connected to the first angle detection element 500, the second angle detection element 600, the third angle detection element 700, the display 920, and the input device 930, respectively, to receive the detected elevation angle, azimuth angle, and included angle information. Simultaneously, the data processor 910 calculates the deformation amount based on the length values ​​of the first link 200 and the second link 300 manually or automatically input by the input device 930 and in conjunction with the aforementioned formula, and finally displays the calculated deformation amount on the display 920.

[0076] For example, the data processor 910 can be a microcontroller, etc. The input device 930 can be an input keyboard, etc. The display 920 can be a common display screen.

[0077] Reference Figures 1 to 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the other end of the second link 300 is provided with a bearing structure 800 for clamping and loading the deformable element 400 to be tested, so that the deformable element 400 to be tested can be reliably fixed at the other end of the second link 300, so that the expansion and deformation of the deformable element 400 to be tested can drive the first link 200 and the second link 300 to move, and the deformation of the deformable element 400 to be tested in three directions in three-dimensional space can be obtained by detecting the coordinates of the free end (i.e., point C) of the second link 300.

[0078] Reference Figures 1 to 2As shown, in some embodiments, the support structure 800 includes a connecting component 810 and a clamping component 820. The connecting component 810 is connected to the other end of the second link 300 and the clamping component 820, respectively. The clamping component 820 has a clamping cavity 830 through which the deformable element 400 to be tested passes and is clamped.

[0079] In a specific implementation, the connecting component 810 serves to indirectly connect the clamping component 820 to the other end of the second connecting rod 300. Simultaneously, the connecting component 810 also provides a certain installation space for the deformable element 400 to be tested to pass through the clamping cavity 830 of the clamping component 820. Of course, in other implementations, the clamping component 820 can also be directly positioned at the other end of the second connecting rod 300.

[0080] Specifically, the connecting component 810 can be a linkage mechanism, that is, the connecting component 810 includes at least two sequentially hinged sub-links 811, wherein the first sub-link 811 is connected to the other end of the second link 300, and the tail sub-link 811 is connected to the clamping component 820. The specific connection method can be a detachable connection method such as screw connection or snap connection, so as to facilitate replacement or disassembly and maintenance.

[0081] Reference Figures 1 to 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the clamping assembly 820 includes at least two clamping members 821 arranged sequentially along the circumference of the deformable element 400 to be detected. All clamping members 821 together enclose a clamping cavity 830, and adjacent clamping members 821 are connected by an adjusting connector 822 so that the inner volume of the clamping cavity 830 is adjustable.

[0082] In a specific implementation, in order to ensure that the deformable element 400 to be tested can be smoothly inserted into the clamping cavity 830 and can be clamped and tightened after insertion, the clamping assembly 820 can be configured to include at least two clamping members 821. Before insertion, the adjusting connector 822 connecting two adjacent clamping members 821 can be loosened. Then, the deformable element to be tested is inserted into the space enclosed by all the clamping members 821. Then, the adjusting connector 822 is tightened so that all the clamping members 821 converge toward the center of the clamping cavity 830 so as to clamp the deformable element 400 to be tested.

[0083] It should be noted that the inner volume of the clamping cavity 830 formed after all the clamping parts 821 are retracted is equal to or slightly larger than the outer contour volume of the deformable element 400 to be tested, so as to ensure that the deformable element 400 to be tested can be clamped after being retracted.

[0084] For example, the adjusting connector 822 can be a screw or bolt, thereby adjusting the volume of the screw-in length adjusting clamping cavity 830, that is, adjusting the degree of retraction of the clamping member 821, so as to adapt to different sizes of the deformable element 400 to be tested.

[0085] For example, the clamping member 821 can be two opposing arc-shaped clamping pieces. The two arc-shaped clamping pieces can be closed to form a circular clamping cavity 830, thereby clamping the tubular deformable element 400 to be tested. Each clamping member 821 has connecting holes at both ends for the adjusting connector 822 to pass through, so as to achieve a reliable connection between the two ends of adjacent clamping members 821.

[0086] Reference Figures 1 to 2 As shown, in some embodiments, a clamping connector 823 is provided on the outer wall of the clamping member 821 on the side away from the clamping cavity 830. The clamping connector 823 is provided with a threaded connection hole, and the adjusting connector 822 includes a threaded fastener that is threadedly engaged with the threaded connection hole.

[0087] In practice, to facilitate the connection and assembly between two adjacent clamping parts 821, a clamping connector 823 can be provided on the outer wall of the clamping part 821 on the side away from the clamping cavity 830. A threaded connection hole is provided on the clamping connector 823 to connect with a threaded fastener. The volume of the clamping cavity 830 can be adjusted by adjusting the screw-in length of the threaded fastener.

[0088] For example, the clamping connector 823 can be a connecting plate or a connecting block.

[0089] In addition, refer to Figure 1 As shown, any clamping component 821 can be directly welded or screwed to the connecting component 810.

[0090] Reference Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the inner contour shape of the clamping cavity 830 can be adapted to the outer contour shape of the deformable element 400 to be tested, thereby increasing the clamping contact area between the cavity wall of the clamping cavity 830 and the deformable element 400 to be tested, so as to improve the clamping stability.

[0091] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, a frame 110 is provided on the side of the base 100 away from the first link 200. The frame 110 is placed on the ground or other working surface on the side of the deformable element 400 to be tested, so as to support the entire deformation measurement device.

[0092] For example, the outer contour dimensions and weight of the rack 110 can be set to be greater than the dimensions and weight of the base 100 to improve load-bearing stability.

[0093] Reference Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for measuring deformation using the deformation measuring device described in the above embodiment. The specific measurement method includes the following steps:

[0094] S101: Measure and obtain the lengths of the first link 200 and the second link 300;

[0095] S102: The azimuth angle of the first link 200 is obtained by detecting the first angle detection element 500;

[0096] The elevation angle of the first link 200 is obtained by detecting the second angle detection element 600;

[0097] The included angle between the first link 200 and the second link 300 is detected by the third angle detection element 700.

[0098] S103: Based on the azimuth angle, elevation angle, included angle, length of the first link 200, and length of the second link 300, calculate the deformation amount (X) of the deformable element 400 to be tested using the following formula. C、 Y C、 Z C ):

[0099] X C =cos 1*L1cosθ1+L2cos(θ1+θ2)cos 1, Y C =sin 1*L1cosθ1+L2cos(θ1+θ2)sin 1, Z C =L1sinθ1+L2sin(θ1+θ2;where L1 is the length of the first link 200, and L2 is the length of the second link 300. 1 is the azimuth angle, θ1 is the elevation angle, and θ2 is the included angle.

[0100] During the measurement process, the lengths of the first link 200 and the second link 300 can be measured manually or using a length detector. Then, as the deformable element 400 expands and deforms, the elevation angle, azimuth angle, and included angle will change accordingly. The azimuth angle of the first link 200 is detected by the first angle detection element 500, the elevation angle by the second angle detection element 600, and the included angle between the first link 200 and the second link 300 by the third angle detection element 700. Finally, the deformation amount of the deformable element 400 can be calculated manually or using a data processor 910 according to the deformation formula. This allows operators to know the precise deformation amount of the deformable element 400 for timely response and handling. Furthermore, monitoring the deformation trend can help predict expansion changes and anomalies in advance.

[0101] Furthermore, after calculating the deformation of the deformable element 400 to be tested, the measurement method also includes verifying the calculated deformation to verify whether the calculation result is valid or qualified.

[0102] Specific verification methods include:

[0103] The first method is static verification: a set of azimuth, elevation and included angle calibration values ​​are set, and the deformation of the deformed part to be tested is obtained by measuring the actual deformation through displacement detection element. The actual measured deformation is then compared with the calculated deformation to obtain the error.

[0104] The second method is dynamic verification: set multiple sets of dynamic and continuous azimuth, elevation and included angle calibration values, measure and obtain multiple sets of deformation values ​​of the deformed part to be tested through displacement detection elements to obtain multiple sets of actual measured deformation values, and compare them one by one with the deformation values ​​calculated from the corresponding calibration values ​​to obtain multiple sets of error values.

[0105] The calculated deformation result is considered valid when the error is less than the preset error threshold. The preset error threshold is 0.1 mm, meaning the result is considered valid when the error is less than 0.1 mm.

[0106] In the description of the embodiments of this application, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0107] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A deformation measuring device, characterized in that, include: Base; A first link, one end of which is ball-jointed to the base; The second link has one end ball-jointed to the other end of the first link, and the other end of the second link is used to load the deformation element to be tested in the main body of the thermal power equipment; A first angle detection element is disposed at the hinge point between the first connecting rod and the base, and is used to detect the azimuth angle of the first connecting rod; The second angle detection element is disposed on the first connecting rod and is used to detect the elevation angle of the first connecting rod; And a third angle detection element, which is located at the hinge of the first link and the second link and is used to detect the included angle between the first link and the second link; In a coordinate system established with the hinge point between the first connecting rod and the base as the origin, the deformation amount (X) of the deformable element to be detected is... C、 Y C、 Z C )satisfy: X C =cos 1*L1cosθ1+L2cos(θ1+θ2)cos 1, Y C =sin 1*L1cosθ1+L2cos(θ1+θ2)sin 1, Z C =L1sinθ1+L2sin(θ1+θ2;where L1 is the length of the first link and L2 is the length of the second link. θ1 is the azimuth angle, θ2 is the elevation angle, and θ2 is the included angle.

2. The deformation measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The deformation measurement device includes a data processor, a display, and an input device; The data processor is electrically connected to the first angle detection element, the second angle detection element, the third angle detection element, the display, and the input device, respectively, and is used to calculate the deformation amount based on the azimuth angle, the elevation angle, the included angle, and the lengths of the first and second connecting rods input by the input device, and display it through the display.

3. The deformation measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The other end of the second connecting rod is provided with a bearing structure for clamping and loading the deformable element to be tested.

4. The deformation measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bearing structure includes a connecting component and a clamping component. The connecting component is connected to the other end of the second connecting rod and the clamping component, respectively. The clamping component has a clamping cavity through which the deformable element to be tested can pass and clamp the deformable element to be tested.

5. The deformation measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The clamping assembly includes at least two clamping members distributed sequentially along the circumference of the deformable element to be detected. All the clamping members together enclose the clamping cavity, and adjacent clamping members are connected by an adjusting connector so that the internal volume of the clamping cavity is adjustable.

6. The deformation measuring device according to claim 5, characterized in that, A clamping connector is provided on the outer wall of the clamping member on the side away from the clamping cavity. The clamping connector is provided with a threaded connection hole. The adjusting connector includes a threaded fastener that is threadedly engaged with the threaded connection hole.

7. The deformation measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner contour shape of the clamping cavity is adapted to the outer contour shape of the deformable element to be detected.

8. The deformation measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The connecting assembly includes at least two sequentially hinged sub-links, wherein the first sub-link is connected to the other end of the second link, and the tail sub-link is connected to the clamping assembly.

9. A method for measuring deformation using the deformation measuring device as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The measurement method includes: Measure and obtain the lengths of the first and second links; The azimuth angle of the first link is obtained by detecting the first angle detection element; The elevation angle of the first link is obtained by detecting the second angle detection element; The included angle between the first link and the second link is obtained by detecting the third angle detection element; A coordinate system is established with the hinge point between the first link and the base as the origin. Based on the azimuth angle, the elevation angle, the included angle, the length of the first link, and the length of the second link, the deformation amount (X) of the deformable element to be detected is calculated using the following formula. C、 Y C、 Z C ): X C =cos 1*L1cosθ1+L2cos(θ1+θ2)cos 1, Y C =sin 1*L1cosθ1+L2cos(θ1+θ2)sin 1, Z C =L1sinθ1+L2sin(θ1+θ2;where L1 is the length of the first link and L2 is the length of the second link. θ1 is the azimuth angle, θ2 is the elevation angle, and θ2 is the included angle.

10. The measurement method according to claim 9, characterized in that, After calculating the deformation of the deformable element to be detected, the measurement method further includes verifying the calculated deformation, wherein the verification method includes: A set of calibration values ​​for the azimuth, elevation, and included angles is set. The deformation of the deformed part to be tested is measured by a displacement detection element to obtain the actual measured deformation, which is then compared with the calculated deformation to obtain the error. Alternatively, multiple sets of calibration values ​​for the azimuth, elevation, and included angles are set dynamically and continuously. Multiple sets of actual measured deformation values ​​for the deformed part to be tested are measured by a displacement detection element to obtain multiple sets of actual measured deformation values, which are then compared with the deformation calculated from the corresponding calibration values ​​to obtain multiple sets of error values. The calculated deformation result is considered valid when the error is less than the preset error threshold.

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