Water and fertilizer integrated safe use feedback control system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural irrigation automation, in particular to a water and fertilizer integrated safe use feedback control system which comprises a pressure monitoring module, a flow monitoring module, a concentration monitoring module, a control module, an execution module and an alarm module. The water and fertilizer liquid concentration is monitored in real time through the concentration monitoring module, the mechanical problem of liquid shortage is converted into the measurable electric signal problem of concentration abnormity, and at the moment, due to liquid shortage in the mother fertilizer barrel, the EC value in the system is reduced after irrigation water injected into the system enters the system; whether liquid lacks in the mother fertilizer barrel or not can be judged by monitoring the abnormal concentration condition, so that a complete feedback control closed loop is formed to ensure that the system can respond in time, and problems can be found more effectively.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural irrigation automation technology, specifically to a feedback control system for safe use of integrated water and fertilizer. Background Technology

[0002] Integrated water and fertilizer management technology is an important component of modern water-saving agriculture. It delivers water and fertilizer directly to crop roots through drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation, offering advantages such as water and fertilizer conservation and increased yield. However, in practical applications, complex field environments, unstable equipment operation, and human error often lead to pipe bursts or disconnections, resulting in water and fertilizer waste and ineffective irrigation. Furthermore, the system cannot automatically shut down during these incidents.

[0003] Existing technologies, such as integrated water and fertilizer systems with video surveillance, first deploy cameras in farmland or planting areas to capture real-time images of crop growth. Simultaneously, they integrate soil temperature and humidity sensors, weather stations, and other equipment to acquire environmental data. The cameras and sensors synchronously transmit video streams and environmental parameters to a central management platform. The platform uses image recognition algorithms to analyze whether crops exhibit abnormal characteristics such as water shortage, nutrient deficiency, or pests and diseases, and combines this with sensor data to comprehensively determine irrigation and fertilization needs. When the system determines that water and fertilizer operations are required, it dissolves fertilizer in water using a mother liquor mixer, based on crop nutrient requirements, soil nutrient content, and a preset formula, to prepare a high-concentration mother fertilizer. This mother fertilizer is then stored in a mother fertilizer tank, and commands are sent to actuators such as solenoid valves and fertilizer pumps to activate the integrated water and fertilizer system for precise supply.

[0004] While the aforementioned system can supply water and fertilizer, it relies primarily on observing the crop's appearance through a camera to indirectly determine its water and fertilizer needs during fertilization. It cannot directly monitor key parameters such as the mother liquor tank level, pipeline pressure, or fertilizer concentration. This results in the fertilizer pump continuing to run even when the mother liquor tank is low on liquid, potentially damaging the motor and affecting fertilization accuracy. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a water and fertilizer integrated safety feedback control system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a feedback control system for the safe use of integrated water and fertilizer. This system uses a concentration monitoring module to monitor the concentration of the water and fertilizer solution in real time, transforming the mechanical problem of insufficient solution into a measurable electrical signal problem of abnormal concentration. When the fertilizer tank is low on solution, the EC value of the irrigation water injected into the system decreases. By monitoring abnormal concentration, it is possible to determine whether the fertilizer tank is low on solution, thus forming a complete feedback control closed loop to ensure the system can react promptly and more effectively detect problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a feedback control system for safe use of integrated water and fertilizer systems, comprising the following modules: The pressure monitoring module includes a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure on the water and fertilizer pipeline.

[0007] The flow monitoring module includes a flow sensor for detecting the flow rate of liquid fertilizer.

[0008] The concentration monitoring module includes several EC sensors for detecting the concentration of liquid fertilizer.

[0009] The control module includes a central processing unit (CPU), which is electrically connected to the pressure sensor, flow sensor, and EC sensor. The CPU receives pressure data from the pressure sensor, flow data from the flow sensor, and concentration data from the EC sensor, integrates them into sensor data, and acquires and sends control commands preset by the operator based on the sensor data.

[0010] The control module is also used to collect standard values ​​of pressure, flow rate, and concentration of water and fertilizer liquids in water and fertilizer pipelines through Internet big data. The Internet big data is obtained through an agricultural cloud platform.

[0011] The execution module includes a fertilizer tank and an execution mechanism, which is electrically connected to the central processing unit. The execution mechanism is used to receive and execute control commands sent by the control module.

[0012] The alarm module includes an alarm mechanism that is electrically connected to the central processing unit; the alarm mechanism is used to issue an alarm signal when an abnormal situation occurs.

[0013] Furthermore, the actuators include solenoid valves, fertilizer pumps, and water pumps.

[0014] Furthermore, the pressure monitoring module has a preset pressure threshold, which ranges from 0.1 to 0.4 MPa. When the pressure monitoring module detects that the current pressure deviates from the pressure threshold for more than 30 seconds, it sends a pressure stop signal to the control module, which then controls the entire system to shut down. At the same time, an alarm is issued through the alarm module.

[0015] Furthermore, the flow monitoring module has a preset flow threshold, specifically 50L / min. When the flow monitoring module detects that the current flow is less than the flow threshold and lasts for more than 30 seconds, it sends a flow stop signal to the control module, which then controls the entire system to stop operating. At the same time, an alarm is issued through the alarm module.

[0016] Furthermore, the concentration monitoring module has a preset concentration threshold, which is 10% of the EC value at the fertilizer pump outlet. When the concentration monitoring module detects that the current EC value is higher than the concentration threshold and lasts for more than 30 seconds, it sends a concentration stop signal to the control module, which then controls the entire system to stop operating and issues an alarm through the alarm module.

[0017] Furthermore, the EC sensors are located at the fertilizer inlet of the fertilizer pump and the water outlet in the field, respectively.

[0018] Furthermore, the alarm system uses both audible and visual alarms and vibration alarms.

[0019] Furthermore, abnormal conditions include one or more of the following: abnormal pressure, insufficient flow, and excessive concentration.

[0020] Furthermore, the alarm module adopts a tiered alarm mechanism, as detailed below: An alarm will not be triggered if the current pressure value deviates from the standard pressure value by less than 15%, the flow rate value deviates from the standard flow rate value by less than 15%, or the concentration value deviates from the standard concentration value by less than 10%.

[0021] When the current pressure value deviates from the standard pressure value by 15-25%, the flow rate value deviates from the standard flow rate value by 15-25%, and the concentration value deviates from the standard concentration value by 10-18%, a level one alarm is triggered, and the system issues an audible and visual alarm.

[0022] When the current pressure value deviates from the standard pressure value by more than 25%, the flow rate value deviates from the standard flow rate value by more than 25%, and the concentration value deviates from the standard concentration value by more than 18%, a level two alarm is triggered. At this time, the system will issue an audible and visual alarm as well as a vibration alarm.

[0023] Furthermore, when the alarm module is in operation, the staff sets a correction threshold. The alarm module synchronously records the judgment result of each alarm level and the number of alarm judgments. The number of alarm judgments is compared with the correction threshold set by the staff. When the number of alarm judgments reaches the correction threshold, the staff checks and calibrates the system.

[0024] The technical principles of the above solution are as follows: The control module controls the pressure monitoring module, flow monitoring module, and concentration monitoring module to operate simultaneously, simultaneously detecting the pressure, flow rate, and concentration of the water and fertilizer pipeline, and simultaneously collecting standard values ​​of pressure, flow rate, and concentration of the water and fertilizer pipeline through Internet big data.

[0025] The control module receives pressure, flow, and concentration data in real time, integrates them into sensor data, and sends pre-set control commands to the operator to control the execution module. During this process, an alarm module issues an alarm signal in case of any abnormality.

[0026] The above approach has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention uses a concentration monitoring module to monitor the concentration of fertilizer liquid in real time, transforming the mechanical problem of liquid shortage into a measurable electrical signal problem of concentration anomaly. At this time, due to the lack of liquid in the mother fertilizer tank, the EC value in the system will decrease after the irrigation water injected into the system enters the system. By monitoring the concentration anomaly, it can be determined whether there is a lack of liquid in the mother fertilizer tank, thus forming a complete feedback control closed loop to ensure that the system can react in a timely manner and thus more effectively detect problems.

[0027] 2. This invention, through the coordinated monitoring of three key sensors—pressure, flow rate, and concentration—enables the system to make real-time judgments on pipeline conditions, water supply conditions, and abnormal fertilizer concentrations. This effectively prevents the fertilizer pump from running dry, reduces the risk of motor burnout, and ensures fertilizer application accuracy.

[0028] 3. This invention employs a tiered alarm mechanism to differentiate the handling of abnormal situations with different degrees of deviation. This reduces the interference of frequent alarms under slight fluctuations on staff, while also alerting staff to major faults through sound, light, and vibration, ensuring that fault situations can be detected and handled in a timely and accurate manner.

[0029] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the feedback control system for safe use of integrated water and fertilizer systems according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the logic for sending preset commands in the water and fertilizer integration safety feedback control system of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the control logic of the control module in the water and fertilizer integration safety feedback control system of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the alarm logic of the hierarchical alarm mechanism in the alarm module of the water and fertilizer integration safety feedback control system of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method: Implementation, for example, attached Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown: A water and fertilizer integrated safety feedback control system includes a pressure monitoring module for detecting the pressure on the water and fertilizer pipeline, a flow monitoring module for detecting the flow rate of the water and fertilizer liquid, a concentration monitoring module for detecting the concentration of the water and fertilizer liquid, a control module for receiving pressure data, flow data, and concentration data, integrating them into sensor data, and sending control commands preset by the operator based on the sensor data, an execution module for receiving and executing the control commands sent by the control module, and an alarm module for issuing alarm signals when abnormal conditions occur.

[0035] The following is a detailed analysis of each module: The pressure monitoring module includes pressure sensors for detecting the pressure on the water and fertilizer pipelines. For example, Figure 3 As shown, the pressure sensor has a preset pressure threshold, which ranges from 0.1 to 0.4 MPa. When the pressure sensor detects that the current pressure deviates from the pressure threshold (such as the pressure being lower than 0.1 MPa or higher than 0.4 MPa) for more than 30 seconds, it sends a pressure stop signal to the control module, which then controls the entire system to stop operating. At the same time, an alarm is issued through the alarm module.

[0036] The flow monitoring module includes a flow sensor for detecting the flow rate of liquid fertilizer. For example, Figure 3 As shown, the flow sensor has a preset flow threshold, which is 50L / min. When the flow sensor detects that the current flow is less than the flow threshold (continuously higher than 50L / min) for more than 30 seconds, it sends a flow stop signal to the control module, which then controls the entire system to stop operating and issues an alarm through the alarm module.

[0037] The concentration monitoring module includes several EC sensors for detecting the concentration of the liquid fertilizer solution. Among them, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the EC sensor has a preset concentration threshold. When the EC sensor detects that the current EC value is higher than the concentration threshold and lasts for more than 30 seconds, it sends a concentration stop signal to the control module, which then controls the entire system to stop operating and issues an alarm through the alarm module.

[0038] The control module includes a central processing unit (CPU), which is electrically connected to the pressure sensor, flow sensor, and EC sensor; for example... Figure 2 As shown, the central processing unit is used to receive pressure data sent by the pressure sensor, flow data sent by the flow sensor, and concentration data sent by the EC sensor, and integrate them into sensor data. Based on the sensor data, it acquires and sends control commands preset by the staff.

[0039] The control module is also used to collect standard values ​​of pressure, flow rate, and concentration of water and fertilizer liquids in water and fertilizer pipelines through Internet big data. The Internet big data is obtained through an agricultural cloud platform.

[0040] The execution module includes a fertilizer tank and an actuator, which is electrically connected to the central processing unit. The actuator receives and executes control commands sent by the control module. The actuator includes a solenoid valve, a fertilizer pump, and a water pump. EC sensors are located at the fertilizer inlet of the fertilizer pump and the water outlet in the field (the EC sensor at the fertilizer inlet monitors the injected concentration of the fertilizer solution, and the EC sensor at the water outlet monitors the actual concentration of the fertilizer solution in the field). The concentration threshold in the concentration monitoring module is specifically 10% of the EC value at the fertilizer pump outlet. In this embodiment, pressure sensors are located at the solenoid valve and inside the fertilizer-water pipeline, and flow sensors are located at the output end of the fertilizer pump and the inlet of the fertilizer-water pipeline.

[0041] The alarm module includes an alarm mechanism that is electrically connected to the central processing unit. The alarm mechanism is used to issue an alarm signal when an abnormal situation occurs. The alarm mechanism is selected from audible and visual alarms and vibration alarms. The abnormal situation includes one or more of the following: abnormal pressure, insufficient flow, and excessive concentration.

[0042] For example, when abnormal pressure (below 0.1 MPa) and insufficient flow (below 50 L / min) occur, the audible and visual alarm and vibration alarm will activate, emitting audible and visual alarms and vibration alarms.

[0043] like Figure 4 As shown, the alarm module adopts a hierarchical alarm mechanism, as detailed below: An alarm will not be triggered if the current pressure value deviates from the standard pressure value by less than 15%, the flow rate value deviates from the standard flow rate value by less than 15%, or the concentration value deviates from the standard concentration value by less than 10%.

[0044] When the current pressure value deviates from the standard pressure value by 15-25%, the flow rate value deviates from the standard flow rate value by 15-25%, and the concentration value deviates from the standard concentration value by 10-18%, a level one alarm is triggered, and the system issues an audible and visual alarm.

[0045] When the current pressure value deviates from the standard pressure value by more than 25%, the flow rate value deviates from the standard flow rate value by more than 25%, and the concentration value deviates from the standard concentration value by more than 18%, a level two alarm is triggered. At this time, the system will issue an audible and visual alarm as well as a vibration alarm.

[0046] When the alarm module is operating, staff set a correction threshold. The alarm module synchronously records the judgment result of each alarm level and the number of alarm judgments. The number of alarm judgments is compared with the correction threshold set by the staff. When the number of alarm judgments reaches the correction threshold, the staff checks and calibrates the system. In this embodiment, alarm signals can be notified to staff via one or more of the following methods: SMS, APP, and on-site display screen.

[0047] For example, if the staff sets the correction threshold to 50 times, when the alarm detection count reaches 50, the alarm module will notify the staff via SMS to go to the system location to calibrate the alarm module. In this embodiment, the maximum number of alarms for both the audible and visual alarms and the vibration alarms is 50 per unit time, where the unit time is the time for staff to periodically check the system.

[0048] This invention uses a concentration monitoring module to monitor the concentration of water and fertilizer liquid in real time, transforming the mechanical problem of liquid shortage into a measurable electrical signal problem of concentration anomaly. At this time, due to the lack of liquid in the mother fertilizer tank, the EC value in the system will decrease after the irrigation water injected into the system enters the system. By monitoring the concentration anomaly, it can be determined whether there is a lack of liquid in the mother fertilizer tank, thus forming a complete feedback control closed loop to ensure that the system can react in time and thus more effectively detect problems.

[0049] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A feedback control system for safe use of integrated water and fertilizer systems, characterized in that, Includes the following modules: The pressure monitoring module includes a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure on the water and fertilizer pipeline; The flow monitoring module includes a flow sensor for detecting the flow rate of liquid fertilizer; The concentration monitoring module includes several EC sensors for detecting the concentration of liquid fertilizer; The control module includes a central processing unit, which is electrically connected to the pressure sensor, flow sensor, and EC sensor. The central processing unit is used to receive pressure data sent by the pressure sensor, flow data sent by the flow sensor, and concentration data sent by the EC sensor, and integrate them into sensor data. Based on the sensor data, it acquires and sends control commands preset by the staff. The control module is also used to collect standard values ​​of pressure, flow rate, and concentration of water and fertilizer liquid in water and fertilizer pipelines through Internet big data. The Internet big data is obtained through an agricultural cloud platform. The execution module includes a fertilizer tank and an execution mechanism, which is electrically connected to the central processing unit. The execution mechanism is used to receive and execute control commands sent by the control module. The alarm module includes an alarm mechanism that is electrically connected to the central processing unit; the alarm mechanism is used to issue an alarm signal when an abnormal situation occurs.

2. The water and fertilizer integration safe use feedback control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The actuators include solenoid valves, fertilizer pumps, and water pumps.

3. The water and fertilizer integration safe use feedback control system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pressure monitoring module has a preset pressure threshold, which ranges from 0.1 to 0.4 MPa. When the pressure monitoring module detects that the current pressure deviates from the pressure threshold for more than 30 seconds, it sends a pressure stop signal to the control module, which then controls the entire system to shut down. At the same time, an alarm is issued through the alarm module.

4. The water and fertilizer integration safe use feedback control system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The flow monitoring module has a preset flow threshold, specifically 50L / min; When the flow monitoring module detects that the current flow is less than the flow threshold and lasts for more than 30 seconds, it sends a flow stop signal to the control module, which then controls the entire system to shut down. At the same time, it issues an alarm through the alarm module.

5. The water and fertilizer integration safety feedback control system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The concentration monitoring module has a preset concentration threshold, which is 10% of the EC value at the fertilizer pump outlet. When the concentration monitoring module detects that the current EC value is higher than the concentration threshold and lasts for more than 30 seconds, it sends a concentration stop signal to the control module, which then controls the entire system to shut down. At the same time, an alarm is issued through the alarm module.

6. The water and fertilizer integration safe use feedback control system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The EC sensors are located at the fertilizer inlet of the fertilizer pump and the water outlet in the field.

7. The water and fertilizer integration safe use feedback control system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The alarm system uses audible and visual alarms as well as vibration alarms.

8. The water and fertilizer integration safety feedback control system according to claim 7, characterized in that, Abnormal conditions include one or more of the following: abnormal pressure, insufficient flow, and excessive concentration.

9. The water and fertilizer integration safety feedback control system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The alarm module adopts a hierarchical alarm mechanism, as detailed below: An alarm will not be triggered when the current pressure value deviates from the standard pressure value by less than 15%, the flow rate value deviates from the standard flow rate value by less than 15%, and the concentration value deviates from the standard concentration value by less than 10%. When the current pressure value deviates from the standard pressure value by 15-25%, the flow rate value deviates from the standard flow rate value by 15-25%, and the concentration value deviates from the standard concentration value by 10-18%, a level one alarm is triggered, and the system issues an audible and visual alarm. When the current pressure value deviates from the standard pressure value by more than 25%, the flow rate value deviates from the standard flow rate value by more than 25%, and the concentration value deviates from the standard concentration value by more than 18%, a level two alarm is triggered. At this time, the system will issue an audible and visual alarm as well as a vibration alarm.

10. The water and fertilizer integration safe use feedback control system according to claim 9, characterized in that, When the alarm module is in operation, the staff sets the correction threshold. The alarm module synchronously records the judgment result of each alarm level and the number of alarm judgments. The number of alarm judgments is compared with the correction threshold set by the staff. When the number of alarm judgments reaches the correction threshold, the staff checks and calibrates the system.

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