Self-flowing type lifting anti-grading device
Through the lifting and adjustment of the self-flowing lifting and anti-grading device and the multi-stage buffer design, the problems of high grain breakage rate, severe grading, and uneven grain distribution in cylindrical silos have been solved, achieving uniform grain distribution and efficient storage.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-27
AI Technical Summary
Traditional cylindrical silo loading devices result in high grain breakage rates, severe grading, uneven grain distribution, and inconvenient operation, affecting grain quality and storage safety.
The device employs a self-flowing lifting and anti-grading system. Through the coordinated design of lifting adjustment, multi-stage buffering, and uniform material distribution, including structures such as a lifting power unit, folding buffer hopper, material distribution hopper, chute, and pressure gate, it achieves uniform grain distribution and reduces the breakage rate.
It significantly reduces grain breakage rate, prevents grading, improves grain quality stability and storage efficiency, reduces manual leveling workload, and lowers equipment operation and maintenance costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN121735009A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of grain storage technology, specifically to a self-flowing lifting and anti-grading device. Background Technology
[0002] In the grain storage sector, cylindrical silos are widely used for the large-scale storage of grains, oilseeds, and other food products due to their advantages such as large storage capacity, small footprint, and high storage efficiency. However, when grain is fed into cylindrical silos, the traditional feeding devices often have a fixed height design. As the grain falls from the inlet into the silo, there is often a significant drop height. Under the influence of gravity, the grain particles impact the bottom of the silo or the already accumulated grain layer at high speed, resulting in violent collisions between particles. This not only increases the grain breakage rate, affecting grain quality and subsequent processing value, but also may generate a large amount of dust, polluting the environment and posing safety hazards. Moreover, existing silo feeding devices mostly use a single or a few feeding points. During the grain falling process, due to differences in particle size and density as well as air resistance, large and high-density grain particles tend to gather in the central area of the silo bottom due to their greater inertia, while small and low-density grain particles and impurities tend to disperse in the edge area of the silo bottom. This grading phenomenon leads to uneven air permeability of the grain layer inside the silo, and problems such as overheating, condensation, and mold growth are likely to occur in some areas. Furthermore, traditional devices lack effective material distribution and spreading structures, which can easily lead to localized excessive accumulation and gaps in the grain after it is put into the silo, requiring manual leveling operations.
[0003] In summary, there is an urgent need for a self-flowing lifting anti-grading device that can solve the above-mentioned defects. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address the aforementioned defects and problems of high grain breakage rate, severe grading, uneven distribution, and inconvenient operation during grain storage, this invention provides a self-flowing lifting and anti-grading device. Through the coordinated design of lifting adjustment, multi-stage buffering, uniform material distribution, and precise control, it achieves the effects of reducing breakage, preventing grading, uniform material distribution, and saving manpower, thereby improving the safety, efficiency, and grain quality stability of silo storage.
[0005] The solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a self-flowing lifting anti-grading device, comprising a cylindrical silo, with scaffolding surrounding the cylindrical silo, and a steel support frame supported on the scaffolding, the steel support frame being located directly above the grain inlet at the top of the cylindrical silo, a lifting power device being installed inside the steel support frame, and a material discharge bracket being lifted and connected below the steel support frame via the lifting power device, the material discharge bracket being located inside the cylindrical silo, and a self-adjusting concentrator and a distributing hopper being installed vertically inside the material discharge bracket, multiple folding buffer hoppers being arranged along the height direction directly above the self-adjusting concentrator, and the multiple folding buffer hoppers being fixed in series by steel cables, the top end of the steel cables being fixed to the top of the cylindrical silo, and the bottom end being fixed to the self-adjusting concentrator, a grain inlet pipe communicating with the grain inlet of the cylindrical silo being provided on the steel support frame, the grain inlet pipe, the folding buffer hoppers and the self-adjusting concentrator being coaxially arranged.
[0006] Furthermore, the lifting power device includes a winch, a liftable steel wire rope, and a pulley. The winch is installed on a steel structure support frame, the pulley is installed on a material dropping bracket, and the liftable steel wire rope is wound around the pulley, with the end of the liftable steel wire rope being connected to the winch for transmission.
[0007] Furthermore, the material distribution hopper is provided with an equal-width isolation structure, which divides the inner cavity of the material distribution hopper into multiple equal-volume material flow channels. Each material flow channel is connected to a chute, and a pressure gate is installed at the outlet of the material flow channel of the material distribution hopper.
[0008] Furthermore, each of the chutes is provided with multiple discharge ports at intervals, forming a total of several material drop points, and the grain spillage area corresponding to each material drop point is matched.
[0009] Furthermore, gravity gates are installed at intervals along the length of the chute. These gravity gates are used to help regulate the uniformity of material flow within the chute and prevent grain blockage.
[0010] Furthermore, a gate structure is provided inside the grain inlet pipe. The gate structure includes a gate seat and a gate plate. The gate seat is fixedly connected to the grain inlet pipe. The gate plate is horizontally slidably installed inside the gate seat. A screw is horizontally rotatably installed inside the gate seat. A nut is threaded onto the screw. The nut is fixedly connected to the gate plate. The end of the screw passes through the gate seat and is fixed to the rotating handle.
[0011] Furthermore, the folding buffer bucket has an inverted trapezoidal structure and a guide block with a positive conical structure is provided inside it.
[0012] Furthermore, a radar level sensor is optionally installed on the steel support frame, which is used to detect the grain level height inside the silo.
[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention uses a lifting power device to drive the material dropping bracket to rise and fall inside the silo. The dropping height can be dynamically adjusted according to the material level in the silo, effectively shortening the falling distance of the grain and reducing the impact force of the particles. In conjunction with multiple folding buffer buckets above the self-adjusting centralized hopper, the grain is buffered and decelerated multiple times during the falling process, further reducing the collision intensity between particles. This can reduce the breakage rate of the grain entering the silo to a minimum or even achieve zero breakage, fully ensuring the integrity of the grain and its subsequent processing and utilization value. This invention divides grain into multiple equal material flow channels using a hopper, and with the adaptive opening adjustment of the pressure gate, ensures that the material flow in each channel is balanced. Then, multiple discharge ports on the chute form several drop points that are adapted to the spill area, so that the grain is evenly distributed in all directions in the silo, and the grain particles of different sizes and densities are evenly mixed and distributed in the silo, which significantly improves the air permeability of the grain layer. This invention ensures that the material flow falls smoothly along the preset path by setting the grain inlet pipe, the folding buffer hopper and the self-adjusting centralized hopper on the same axis, and avoids the material flow from deviating and spilling. The synergistic effect of the distribution hopper, pressure gate, chute and multiple discharge ports realizes the full coverage and uniform accumulation of grain at the bottom of the warehouse, which greatly reduces the amount of manual leveling work after entering the warehouse, reduces labor costs and labor intensity, and improves the efficiency of warehouse operation. The steel support frame of this invention is stably supported by scaffolding, and the material drop supports, chutes and other structures are fixed with the assistance of tension steel wires. The overall structure has strong load-bearing capacity and good stability, and can meet the strength requirements of long-term storage operations. All core components adopt mechanical structure transmission, eliminating the need for complex electrical control and vulnerable parts, achieving daily maintenance-free operation and reducing equipment operation and maintenance costs. The entire device relies on the gravity of the grain to achieve material flow transportation, with only the lifting power device requiring a small amount of energy consumption, combining energy saving and safety, and can operate stably for a long time. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the folded buffer bucket in its retracted state according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the unfolded state of the folding buffer bucket of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the middle end face structure of the chute according to the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the self-adjusting centralized hopper and the distributing hopper of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the gate structure of the present invention.
[0015] In the diagram: 1. Cylindrical silo; 2. Steel support frame; 3. Scaffolding; 4. Grain inlet pipe; 5. Gate structure; 501. Gate plate; 502. Gate seat; 503. Screw; 504. Nut; 505. Handle; 6. Steel cable; 7. Folding buffer hopper; 8. Winch; 9. Liftable steel wire rope; 10. Pulley; 11. Material drop support; 12. Distribution hopper; 13. Chute; 14. Discharge port; 15. Pulling steel wire; 16. Pressure gate; 17. Ladder; 18. Self-adjusting centralized hopper; 19. Gravity gate. Detailed Implementation
[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0017] Please see Figure 1-7 This invention provides a technical solution for a self-flowing lifting anti-grading device: Example
[0018] This embodiment provides a self-flowing lifting anti-grading device. Its overall structure is designed around the grain storage needs of the cylindrical silo 1 to achieve the goals of reducing breakage, preventing grading, and uniform material distribution. First, scaffolding 3 is set up on the outer periphery of the cylindrical silo 1. The scaffolding 3 adopts a stable frame structure, which can provide a reliable support foundation for the steel support frame 2 above. The steel support frame 2 is fixedly installed on the scaffolding 3 by bolts and is precisely positioned directly above the grain inlet at the top of the cylindrical silo 1. This ensures the accurate alignment of the subsequent feeding and dropping structures with the grain inlet and guarantees the smoothness of the grain's falling path.
[0019] The inner side of the steel support frame 2 is equipped with a lifting power device, which consists of a winch 8, a liftable steel wire rope 9, and a pulley 10. The winch 8 is fixed to the crossbeam of the steel support frame 2 via a mounting base. The pulley 10 is installed on the top end face of the material drop support 11. The liftable steel wire rope 9 is wound around the groove of the pulley 10, and its end extends to the output end of the winch 8, forming a transmission connection with the winch 8. The winch 8 drives the liftable steel wire rope 9 to retract and extend by reversing forward and reverse, thereby driving the material drop support 11 connected to the pulley 10 to move up and down within the cylindrical silo 1. By dynamically adjusting the height of the material drop support 11, it can adapt to different grain levels within the cylindrical silo 1, avoiding violent collisions and breakage of grain particles during the fall due to excessive drop height. It also provides a height adjustment basis for uniform material distribution, significantly improving the adaptability of the device to the grain storage process.
[0020] The material discharge support 11 has a frame structure. Inside, a self-adjusting centralized hopper 18 and a distribution hopper 12 are fixedly installed vertically. The upper end of the self-adjusting centralized hopper 18 is open to receive and guide the grain falling from above, ensuring that the grain flows accurately into the distribution hopper 12 below. Directly above the self-adjusting centralized hopper 18, multiple folding buffer hoppers 7 are arranged at intervals along the vertical height. The multiple folding buffer hoppers 7 are connected in series and fixed by steel cables 6. The top end of the steel cables 6 is fixed to the top inner wall of the cylindrical silo 1 by anchoring, and the bottom end is fixedly connected to the upper edge of the self-adjusting centralized hopper 18. The steel support frame 2 is also fixedly installed with a grain inlet pipe 4. The lower outlet of the grain inlet pipe 4 is connected to the grain inlet of the cylindrical silo 1. The grain inlet pipe 4, the folding buffer hopper 7 and the self-adjusting centralized hopper 18 are set coaxially to ensure that after the grain flows out of the grain inlet pipe 4, it can pass through the folding buffer hopper 7 and the self-adjusting centralized hopper 18 in sequence along a straight falling path, avoiding spillage or uneven distribution caused by material flow deviation, and laying the foundation for subsequent uniform material distribution.
[0021] The inner cavity of the feeding hopper 12 is equipped with an equal-width isolation structure. The isolation structure uses vertically arranged partitions with the same height as the inner cavity of the feeding hopper 12 and equal spacing between the partitions. This evenly divides the inner cavity of the feeding hopper 12 into multiple equal-volume material flow channels. The lower outlet of each material flow channel is connected to a chute 13. Here, six chute 13 are used as an example. The chute 13 adopts an inclined tubular structure, which can ensure that the grain flows smoothly under its own weight. At the same time, to enhance the structural stability, the material drop support and chute can be auxiliaryly fixed by the pulling steel wire 15 to prevent them from shifting or deforming when subjected to the impact of the material flow. Pressure gates 16 are installed at the outlet of each material flow channel in the distribution hopper 12. The pressure gates 16 automatically open and close based on the pressure of the material flow itself. When the material flow increases, the pressure of the grain on the pressure gates 16 increases, pushing the opening of the pressure gates 16 to increase. Conversely, the opening decreases. Through this adaptive adjustment, it is possible to ensure that the material flow output of each material flow channel remains balanced, avoiding uneven subsequent material distribution caused by excessive or insufficient material flow in a certain channel, and effectively improving the stability and reliability of the material distribution process.
[0022] Each chute 13 has three discharge ports 14 spaced along its length on its side wall. All the discharge ports 14 on the chute 13 together form 18 feeding points. By precisely matching the aperture size, opening angle, and spacing of each discharge port 14, the grain spillage area corresponding to each feeding point is adapted to each other, fully covering the bottom area of the cylindrical silo 1. With traditional single-point feeding, large grain particles tend to accumulate in the center of the silo bottom due to their greater inertia, while small particles and impurities tend to be distributed at the edges. Multiple feeding points allow the grain to be evenly dispersed, mixing grain particles of different sizes, effectively preventing grading and ensuring the consistency of grain quality within the silo. Meanwhile, gravity gates 19 are also installed at intervals along the length of the chute 13. The gravity gates 19 are hinged to the inner wall of the chute 13 and can rotate freely around the hinge point. The gravity gates adjust their opening by utilizing the gravity of the grain. When material accumulates in a certain area of the chute 13, the pressure of the grain on the gravity gates 19 increases, pushing the gravity gates 19 to rotate and increase their opening, thus accelerating the material flow. When the material flow is small, the gravity gates 19 decrease their opening under their own gravity, thus slowing down the material flow. Through this dynamic adjustment, the uniformity of the material flow in the chute 13 can be optimized, avoiding material interruption or uneven material flow caused by local grain congestion, and further ensuring the material distribution effect.
[0023] A gate structure 5 is installed in the middle of the grain inlet pipe 4, such as Figure 7 As shown, the gate structure 5 includes a gate seat 502, a gate plate 501, a screw 503, a nut 504, and a handle 505. The gate seat 502 is a frame structure, fixedly connected to the inner wall of the feed pipe 4 by welding. The gate plate 501 is a plate-shaped structure adapted to the cross-section of the inner cavity of the feed pipe 4, and is horizontally slidably installed in the inner slide rail of the gate seat 502, allowing it to move horizontally along the slide rail to open and close the feed pipe 4 channel and adjust its opening degree. The screw 503 is horizontally rotatably installed on one side wall of the gate seat 502 via a bearing. A nut 504 is threaded onto the screw 503, and the nut 504 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the gate plate 501 by bolts. The outer end of the screw 503 passes through the side wall of the gate seat 502 and is fixedly connected to the handle 505. By manually rotating the handle 505, the screw 503 is rotated. The rotational motion of the screw 503 is converted into the horizontal linear motion of the nut 504, which in turn causes the gate plate 501 to slide within the gate seat 502, thereby adjusting the opening of the feed channel of the grain inlet pipe 4. The gate structure allows for precise control of the grain flow rate, ensuring that the feed volume matches the processing capacity of the subsequent material distribution and spreading structures. This prevents material from accumulating in the buffer hopper or distribution hopper due to excessively rapid feeding. It also allows for quick closure of the channel during equipment maintenance or when feeding is paused, improving the operational flexibility and practicality of the device.
[0024] To facilitate the installation, inspection and maintenance of equipment on the steel support frame 2 and the silo by operators, a ladder 17 is also installed on one side of the steel support frame 2. The lower end of the ladder 17 is connected to the scaffolding 3, and the upper end extends to the operating platform on the top of the silo, providing a safe and convenient passage for personnel to work.
[0025] The working process of this embodiment is as follows: Before the grain enters the silo, according to the initial material level in the cylindrical silo 1, the hoist 8 drives the lifting steel wire rope 9 to retract and extend, adjusting the dropping bracket 11 to a suitable initial height; then, the handle 505 is rotated to adjust the opening of the gate plate 501 to set a suitable grain flow rate. The grain falls through the grain inlet pipe 4, first entering the top folding buffer hopper 7 and then falling through the buffer hopper in sequence. The folding buffer hopper 7 plays a preliminary deceleration and buffering role on the falling grain, reducing the collision between grain particles; after buffering, the grain falls into the self-adjusting concentrator hopper 18, which guides it to the distribution hopper 12. The equal-width isolation structure in the distribution hopper 12 divides the grain evenly into multiple equal material flows. Each material flow enters the corresponding chute 13 under the adaptive adjustment of the pressure gate 16; the gravity gate 19 in the chute 13 dynamically adjusts the opening according to the material flow to ensure uniform flow. Finally, the grain is evenly sprinkled into the cylindrical silo 1 through multiple discharge ports 14 on the chute 13. During the grain loading process, the winch 8 gradually raises the discharge support 11 according to the rising material level inside the silo, maintaining a suitable discharge height until grain storage is complete. Throughout the process, the various structures work together to effectively reduce grain breakage, avoid grading, and achieve uniform grain distribution, reducing subsequent leveling work and improving storage efficiency and quality. Example
[0026] Based on Example 1, this example further optimizes the structure of the folding buffer bucket 7.
[0027] The folding buffer hopper 7 has an overall inverted trapezoidal structure, with a conical guide block fixedly installed at its center. The upper opening area of the inverted trapezoidal structure is larger than the lower outlet area, which can more effectively catch the grain falling from the grain inlet pipe 4, preventing the grain from spilling from the edge of the buffer hopper during its descent. At the same time, the sidewalls of the inverted trapezoid have a certain inclination angle, which can guide the grain to converge towards the center of the buffer hopper, providing conditions for the subsequent diversion effect of the guide block. The conical guide block inside has its cone tip pointing upwards. When the grain falls into the folding buffer hopper 7, it will first contact the sidewall of the conical guide block. The conical structure of the guide block can evenly disperse the grain in all directions, allowing the grain to slide down the sidewall of the guide block and flow out from the lower outlet of the folding buffer hopper 7. Compared to ordinary planar buffer structures, the combination of a conical guide block and an inverted trapezoidal buffer hopper can further slow down the falling speed of grains and make the grains more evenly distributed in the buffer hopper. This avoids excessive impact on the material flow caused by local accumulation, effectively reducing the collision force between grain particles and the breakage rate. It also provides a more stable material flow state for the centralized feeding of the self-adjusting centralized hopper 18 and the uniform distribution of the distribution hopper 12, further improving the device's anti-breakage and anti-grading effects. Example
[0028] This embodiment adds an optional installation structure for the radar level gauge, based on either embodiment one or embodiment two.
[0029] A radar level sensor is fixedly installed below the crossbeam of the steel support frame 2, corresponding to the central axis of the cylindrical silo 1. The radar level sensor is not explicitly marked in the attached drawings, and its installation position does not affect the normal operation of other components. The radar level sensor emits high-frequency radar waves. These waves propagate downwards and reflect off the grain surface. The sensor receives the reflected waves and calculates the grain level height based on the propagation time, achieving real-time detection of the grain level within the silo. Operators can accurately obtain level information without entering the silo, avoiding the safety hazards and detection errors of manual detection. Simultaneously, the radar level sensor's detection signal serves as an important reference for adjusting the height of the material drop support 11 using the lifting power device. Operators can adjust the height of the material drop support 11 in a timely manner via the winch 8 based on real-time level data, ensuring that the material drop height remains within the optimal range throughout the entire grain storage process. This guarantees uniform material distribution and effectively prevents grain breakage and grading, significantly improving the automation level and ease of operation of the device, further ensuring grain storage safety and quality.
[0030] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A self-flowing lifting anti-grading device, comprising a cylindrical silo (1), wherein scaffolding (3) is provided around the cylindrical silo (1), and a steel support frame (2) is supported and installed on the scaffolding (3), and the steel support frame (2) is located directly above the grain inlet at the top of the cylindrical silo (1), characterized in that, The steel support frame (2) is equipped with a lifting power device. A material drop support (11) is connected to the steel support frame (2) by the lifting power device. The material drop support (11) is located inside the silo (1). A self-adjusting centralized hopper (18) and a material distribution hopper (12) are installed inside the material drop support (11). A number of folding buffer hoppers (7) are arranged along the height direction directly above the self-adjusting centralized hopper (18). The multiple folding buffer hoppers (7) are connected in series and fixed by steel cables (6). The top end of the steel cable (6) is fixed to the top of the silo (1), and the bottom end is fixed to the self-adjusting centralized hopper (18). A grain inlet pipe (4) is provided on the steel support frame (2) and communicates with the grain inlet of the silo (1). The grain inlet pipe (4), the folding buffer hopper (7) and the self-adjusting centralized hopper (18) are coaxially arranged.
2. The self-flowing lifting anti-grading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting power device includes a winch (8), a liftable steel wire rope (9), and a pulley (10). The winch (8) is installed on the steel support frame (2), and the pulley (10) is installed on the material drop support (11). The liftable steel wire rope (9) is wound around the pulley (10), and the end of the liftable steel wire rope (9) is connected to the winch (8) for transmission.
3. The self-flowing lifting anti-grading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material distribution hopper (12) is provided with an equal-width isolation structure. The isolation structure divides the inner cavity of the material distribution hopper (12) into multiple equal-volume material flow channels. Each material flow channel is connected to a chute (13), and a pressure gate (16) is installed at the outlet of the material flow channel of the material distribution hopper (12).
4. The self-flowing lifting anti-grading device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each chute (13) is provided with multiple discharge ports (14) at intervals, forming a total of several material drop points, and the grain spillage area corresponding to each material drop point is matched.
5. The self-flowing lifting anti-grading device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Gravity gates (19) are installed at intervals along the length of the chute (13). The gravity gates (19) are used to help adjust the uniformity of the material flow in the chute (13) and avoid grain blockage.
6. The self-flowing lifting anti-grading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A gate structure (5) is provided inside the grain inlet pipe (4). The gate structure (5) includes a gate seat (502) and a gate plate (501). The gate seat (502) is fixedly connected to the grain inlet pipe (4). The gate plate (501) is horizontally slidably installed inside the gate seat (502). A screw (503) is horizontally rotatably installed inside the gate seat (502). A nut (504) is threaded onto the screw (503). The nut (504) is fixedly connected to the gate plate (501). The end of the screw (503) passes through the gate seat (502) and is fixed to the handle (505).
7. The self-flowing lifting anti-grading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The folding buffer bucket (7) has an inverted trapezoidal structure and a guide block with a positive conical structure is provided inside it.
8. The self-flowing lifting anti-grading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A radar level sensor is also optionally installed on the steel support frame (2), which is used to detect the grain level height in the silo (1).