Device for reducing crystallization of spraying pipeline and scaling of atomizer and using method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of zero-emission evaporation of waste water of a thermal power plant, and discloses a device for reducing crystallization of a spraying pipeline and scaling of an atomizer and a using method, the device comprises an evaporation tower, and a temperature adjusting water inlet pipe is arranged on the surface of the evaporation tower and can flexibly adjust and control the internal temperature; the concentration tower is arranged on the surface of the temperature-regulating water inlet pipe and matched with the clarification tank to pre-treat wastewater; the motor drives the rotating rod, the connecting rod and the scraper to rotate to scrape sediments on the inner wall of the clarification tank in real time; the atomizing disc is matched with the gear low-speed impeller, so that an atomizing medium is uniformly dispersed; the temperature detector monitors the air outlet temperature and provides data for regulation and control of the temperature regulating water inlet pipe; smoke conveying smoothness is guaranteed through the speed increasing gear draught fan, and smoke dust impurities are removed through the electric dust remover. A bypass pipe is arranged between the waste water pipe and the filtered water conveying pipe, and waste water can be flexibly shunted. The device comprehensively reduces crystallization of the spraying pipeline and scaling of the atomizer, the service life of the device is effectively prolonged, the operation efficiency and environmental protection property of the system are improved, and stable operation of the pipeline and the atomizer is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of zero-discharge evaporation technology for wastewater from thermal power plants, specifically to a device and method for reducing crystallization in spray pipes and scaling in atomizers. Background Technology

[0002] In the fields of industrial wastewater treatment and flue gas purification, spray evaporation devices are often used to treat wastewater containing impurities. The wastewater is atomized by an atomizer and then exchanged with the flue gas for heat, achieving evaporation and concentration of the wastewater and purification of the flue gas. In such devices, the unobstructed flow of the spray pipes and the atomization effect of the atomizer directly affect the operating efficiency and stability of the entire treatment system. Its operating status is closely related to the continuity of industrial production and the compliance rate of environmental emissions. Therefore, ensuring that the spray pipes and atomizers are free from crystallization and scaling is one of the key technical problems that urgently need to be solved in this field.

[0003] Most existing spray evaporation devices for wastewater treatment lack precise and flexible temperature control mechanisms and are not designed with a recirculating and adjustable temperature-regulating water flow structure linked to real-time temperature monitoring. This makes it difficult to stabilize the temperature environment inside the evaporation tower, and the atomized medium is prone to uneven concentration due to local temperature imbalances, which in turn leads to crystallization on the inner wall of the spray pipe. At the same time, the wastewater pretreatment stage of existing devices mostly uses simple filtration or sedimentation structures and is not equipped with components that can remove deposits from the inner wall of the pretreatment container in real time. This makes it difficult to completely remove impurities from the wastewater, and the deposits, after long-term adhesion, are easy to detach and enter the subsequent water flow system. Furthermore, existing devices do not have a flexible wastewater diversion bypass structure. When the pretreatment unit malfunctions or requires maintenance, untreated wastewater will directly enter the spray and atomization structure. These impurities and untreated pollutants will adhere to the surface of the atomizer to form scale, which not only reduces the atomization effect but also increases the risk of blockage in the spray pipe, ultimately leading to a decrease in device operating efficiency, a shortened service life, and even affecting environmental emission standards. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a device and method for reducing crystallization in spray pipes and scaling in atomizers. This solves the problems mentioned in the background art, such as the difficulty in maintaining a stable temperature environment inside the evaporation tower, the uneven concentration of the atomized medium due to local temperature imbalances, which in turn leads to crystallization on the inner wall of the spray pipes, reduced device operating efficiency, shortened service life, and even impact on environmental emission performance.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a device for reducing crystallization in spray pipes and scaling in atomizers, comprising:

[0006] An evaporation tower, wherein a temperature-regulating water inlet pipe is installed on the surface of the evaporation tower;

[0007] A concentration tower is installed on the surface of the temperature-regulating water inlet pipe, and a clarification tank is installed on the surface of the concentration tower.

[0008] An electric motor is installed on the upper surface of the clarification tank. The rotor of the electric motor is coaxially mounted with a rotating rod. Connecting rods are evenly distributed on the surface of the rotating rod, and scrapers are installed on the surface of each connecting rod.

[0009] An atomizing disc is installed inside the evaporation tower. A low-speed gear impeller is installed on the upper surface of the atomizing disc. A flue gas distributor is installed in the lower part of the inner cavity of the evaporation tower. A conveying pipe is installed at the air outlet of the evaporation tower. A temperature detector is installed at the connection between the conveying pipe and the evaporation tower. A speed-increasing gear fan is installed at the air outlet of the conveying pipe. An electrostatic precipitator is installed at the air outlet of the speed-increasing gear fan. A flue is installed at the air outlet of the electrostatic precipitator.

[0010] A wastewater pipe is installed at the inlet of the clarifier. A filtered water supply pipe is installed between the clarifier and the thickening tower. A bypass pipe is installed between the wastewater pipe and the filtered water supply pipe.

[0011] Preferably, a first electric valve is installed on the surface of the wastewater pipe, and a second electric valve is installed on the surface of the bypass pipe;

[0012] Both the first and second electric valves employ an interconnected intelligent control structure, capable of receiving signals from the solids content monitoring module of the clarifier effluent for automatic start / stop and opening adjustment. This enables precise control of wastewater delivery and bypass mixing. Furthermore, the electric valves are made of corrosion-resistant materials, adapting to the highly corrosive environment of desulfurization wastewater. This prevents internal scaling and blockage that could lead to adjustment failure, ensuring stable pipeline operation and flow regulation accuracy, and laying the foundation for subsequent stable solids content control.

[0013] Preferably, a control valve is installed on the surface of the filtered water supply pipe, and a regulating valve is installed on the surface of the temperature-adjusting water inlet pipe;

[0014] The control valve on the filtered water supply pipe can dynamically adjust the delivery rate of clarified wastewater according to the liquid level in the thickener and the treatment load, avoiding excessive water intake leading to an excessively high liquid level in the thickener or insufficient treatment, and reducing the entry of untreated impurities into subsequent pipelines that could cause crystallization. The regulating valve on the temperature-regulating water inlet pipe is a high-precision proportional regulating valve, capable of stepless adjustment based on the flue gas temperature signal fed back by the temperature detector, precisely controlling the flow rate of temperature-regulating water to ensure that the wastewater temperature is suitable for evaporation requirements. Both systems have manual emergency adjustment functions, allowing manual operation in case of automatic control system failure, ensuring continuous operation of the unit.

[0015] Preferably, a funnel is installed at the bottom of the clarification tank, and a discharge pipe is installed at the bottom of the funnel;

[0016] The funnel features a conical structure with a smooth inner wall to reduce the adhesion and accumulation of impurities during clarification, facilitating rapid settling of impurities to the bottom outlet. The connection between the funnel and the discharge pipe utilizes a large-diameter transition structure to prevent blockage by impurities. An on / off valve can be installed on the discharge pipe to periodically discharge impurities based on the sediment volume in the clarification tank. The valve opening can also be adjusted to regulate the slag discharge rate, preventing a sudden drop in the liquid level or the discharge of unclarified wastewater along with the slag due to excessively rapid slag discharge, thus ensuring clarification effectiveness while minimizing resource waste.

[0017] Preferably, a connecting pipe is installed between the concentration tower and the temperature-adjusting water inlet pipe, and a check valve is installed on the surface of the connecting pipe;

[0018] The connecting pipe design enables precise heat exchange between the temperature-regulating water and the wastewater in the concentration tower, allowing the temperature-regulating water to directly act on the concentrated wastewater and improve temperature regulation efficiency. The check valve employs a one-way flow structure, effectively preventing the high-temperature wastewater and impurities in the concentration tower from flowing back into the temperature-regulating water inlet pipe, avoiding scaling and blockage within the temperature-regulating water pipeline, and protecting the equipment safety of the temperature-regulating water supply system. The check valve disc is made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material, suitable for high-temperature and high-salt wastewater environments, extending its service life and ensuring stable operation of the heat exchange system.

[0019] A method for reducing crystallization in spray pipes and scaling in atomizers, based on the aforementioned device for reducing crystallization in spray pipes and scaling in atomizers, includes the following steps:

[0020] S1 wastewater pretreatment and regulation

[0021] The desulfurization wastewater from the thermal power plant is transported to the clarification tank through the wastewater pipe. At the same time, based on the solid content of the clarification tank effluent, the bypass pipe is controlled to open and close, and the untreated wastewater is mixed with the clarification tank effluent and then fed into the thickening tower for thickening treatment.

[0022] S2 pre-evaporation temperature adaptation

[0023] During the process of transporting the wastewater treated by the concentration tower to the evaporation tower, temperature-regulating water is introduced into the wastewater transport link through the temperature-regulating water inlet pipe, and the temperature-regulating water supply status is automatically adjusted based on the flue gas temperature at the evaporation tower outlet.

[0024] S3 atomization evaporation operation

[0025] Start the atomizing disc to rotate, so that the temperature-regulated wastewater can be atomized and evaporated in the evaporation tower. At the same time, turn on the speed-increasing gear fan at the air outlet of the evaporation tower to create a stable negative pressure environment in the evaporation tower.

[0026] S4 flue gas purification treatment

[0027] The dust-laden flue gas discharged from the evaporator is introduced into the electrostatic precipitator through a conveying pipe for dust and chlorine removal. The treated flue gas is discharged through the flue, while the dust and impurities separated by the electrostatic precipitator are collected.

[0028] Preferably, in step S1, the linkage control of the solids content status of the clarifier effluent to control the opening and closing of the bypass pipe specifically includes: acquiring the solids content monitoring signal at the clarifier effluent in real time; when the solids content is detected to be lower than the lower limit of the preset adaptation range, increasing the opening of the bypass pipe to increase the inflow of unclarified wastewater; when the solids content is detected to be higher than the upper limit of the preset adaptation range, decreasing the opening of the bypass pipe or closing the bypass pipe to ensure that the solids content of the wastewater mixture entering the thickening tower is stable, and simultaneously controlling the rotation speed of the scraper in the clarifier.

[0029] Solids content monitoring signals are collected by online monitoring sensors, analyzed by the data processing module, and transmitted to the control unit to achieve coordinated control of the bypass valve and scraper speed. When the solids content deviates from the suitable range, the scraper speed can be dynamically adjusted accordingly. When the solids content is too high, the speed is increased to enhance the stirring and clarification effect and accelerate the settling of impurities; when the solids content is too low, the speed is reduced to reduce energy consumption. This coordinated control method can avoid excessive fluctuations in solids content caused by solely adjusting the bypass pipe, ensuring the stability of the wastewater entering the thickening tower and reducing pipe crystallization and atomizer scaling caused by abnormal solids content from the source.

[0030] Preferably, in step S2, automatically adjusting the flow of temperature-regulating water based on the flue gas temperature at the evaporator outlet specifically includes: collecting the flue gas temperature signal at the evaporator outlet in real time through a temperature detector; when the collected temperature is lower than a preset threshold, closing the regulating valve on the temperature-regulating water inlet pipe to stop the flow of temperature-regulating water; when the collected temperature is higher than the preset threshold, opening the regulating valve and adjusting its opening degree to flow in temperature-regulating water, while dynamically adjusting the flow rate of temperature-regulating water according to the operating speed of the atomizing disc.

[0031] The temperature detector uses a high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant thermocouple sensor, which can operate stably in high-temperature, dusty flue gas environments, ensuring the accuracy of temperature signal acquisition. After the temperature signal is transmitted to the temperature control unit, it is compared with a preset threshold, and the opening of the regulating valve is controlled by a PID adjustment algorithm. Adjusting the temperature-regulating water flow rate in conjunction with the atomizing disc rotation speed is because the atomizing disc rotation speed directly affects the wastewater atomization particle size. Different particle sizes require different temperatures for evaporation. Matching the corresponding temperature-regulating water flow rate ensures that the wastewater temperature is precisely adapted to the evaporation requirements, avoiding premature crystallization due to excessively high temperatures or insufficient evaporation due to excessively low temperatures, further reducing the risk of scaling in pipes and the atomizer.

[0032] Preferably, in step S3, the speed-increasing gear fan includes a pressure detector, and the linkage speed of the low-speed end impeller and the high-speed end impeller of the speed-increasing gear fan is adjusted according to the pressure monitoring signal.

[0033] A pressure detector collects the negative pressure signal inside the evaporation tower in real time. When the pressure deviates from the preset stable range, the control module adjusts the linkage speed of the impellers at the high and low speed ends to achieve precise control of the negative pressure inside the evaporation tower. If the negative pressure inside the tower is too high, a large amount of cold air from the outside may enter, lowering the evaporation temperature and affecting the evaporation effect. If the negative pressure is too low, the atomized droplets cannot be carried away by the airflow in time, and are prone to accumulating and settling in the pipes to form crystals. By adjusting the linkage speed of the impellers, the tower can quickly respond to pressure changes, maintain a stable negative pressure inside the tower, ensure the continuity and stability of the atomization evaporation process, and reduce the adhesion of impurities to the inner wall of the pipes caused by pressure fluctuations, thus reducing the probability of crystallization and scaling.

[0034] Preferably, in step S4, when the dust-laden flue gas is introduced into the electrostatic precipitator for treatment, the following steps are included: dynamically adjusting the operating power of the electrostatic precipitator according to the flow rate of the flue gas, so that the residence time of the flue gas in the electrostatic precipitator is adapted to the dechlorination requirements.

[0035] The flue gas flow rate is monitored in real time by a flow sensor inside the pipeline. The control unit calculates the optimal operating power required based on the flow signal and dynamically adjusts the electric field strength of the electrostatic precipitator. When the flue gas flow rate increases, the operating power is appropriately increased to enhance the electric field adsorption capacity, while ensuring that the flue gas residence time meets the dechlorination requirements. When the flow rate decreases, the operating power is reduced to save energy. This dynamic adjustment method avoids incomplete dechlorination due to flow fluctuations and reduces the amount of residual chloride impurities in the flue gas adhering to the surfaces of subsequent pipelines or equipment, forming scale. Simultaneously, the dust and impurities collected by the electrostatic precipitator are regularly cleaned to prevent dust accumulation from affecting dust removal efficiency, further ensuring the stable operation of the entire system.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a device and method for reducing crystallization in spray pipes and scaling in atomizers, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] This device and its usage method for reducing crystallization in spray pipes and scaling in atomizers allows for flexible control of the temperature environment within the evaporation tower via a temperature-adjustable water inlet pipe. The combined setup of the concentration tower and clarification tank pre-treats the wastewater entering the system. A motor-driven rotating rod, connecting rod, and scraper remove deposits adhering to the inner wall of the clarification tank in real time, preventing them from falling into the water flow system and further improving the pre-treatment effect. The atomizing disc paired with a low-speed impeller with gears ensures more uniform dispersion of the atomized medium, preventing excessively high local medium concentrations that could lead to crystallization. A temperature detector monitors the outlet gas temperature in real time, providing data support for temperature control of the temperature-adjustable water inlet pipe, thus realizing system... Precise temperature control and a speed-increasing gear fan ensure smooth flue gas delivery. Combined with an electrostatic precipitator, it effectively removes dust and impurities from the flue gas, preventing them from adhering to the inner walls of pipes and the surface of the atomizing structure to form scale. Simultaneously, the purified flue gas is discharged through the flue, improving the system's environmental friendliness. The bypass pipe between the wastewater pipe and the filtered water supply pipe allows for flexible wastewater diversion. In the event of a malfunction or maintenance requirement in the clarifier or thickener, untreated wastewater is prevented from directly entering subsequent systems, ensuring the operational stability of the pipelines and atomizers. This comprehensive approach reduces crystallization in the spray pipes and scaling in the atomizers, extends the lifespan of the equipment, and improves system operating efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the evaporation tower of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the concentration tower and the clarification tank of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the clarification tank of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention.

[0043] In the diagram: 1. Evaporation tower; 2. Temperature-regulating water inlet pipe; 3. Concentrator; 4. Clarifier; 5. Motor; 6. Rotating rod; 7. Connecting rod; 8. Scraper; 9. Atomizing disc; 10. Gear low-speed impeller; 11. Flue gas distributor; 12. Conveying pipe; 13. Temperature detector; 14. Speed-increasing gear fan; 15. Electrostatic precipitator; 16. Flue; 17. Wastewater pipe; 18. Filtered water supply pipe; 19. Bypass pipe; 20. First electric valve; 21. Second electric valve; 22. Control valve; 23. Regulating valve; 24. Funnel; 25. Discharge pipe; 26. Connecting pipe; 27. Check valve. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] This invention provides a technical solution: a device and method for reducing crystallization in spray pipes and scaling in atomizers. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 It includes an evaporator 1, and a temperature-regulating water inlet pipe 2 is installed on the surface of the evaporator 1;

[0046] Thickening tower 3 is installed on the surface of temperature-adjusting water inlet pipe 2, and clarification tank 4 is installed on the surface of thickening tower 3;

[0047] Please see Figure 3 Motor 5 is located on the upper surface of clarifier 4. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 4 The rotor of motor 5 is coaxially mounted with a rotating rod 6, and connecting rods 7 are evenly distributed on the surface of the rotating rod 6. Scrapers 8 are installed on the surface of each connecting rod 7.

[0048] Please see Figure 2 Atomizing disc 9 is located inside the evaporation tower 1. A low-speed gear impeller 10 is installed on the upper surface of the atomizing disc 9. A flue gas distributor 11 is installed in the lower part of the inner cavity of the evaporation tower 1. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 3 An air outlet of evaporator 1 is equipped with a conveying pipe 12. A temperature detector 13 is installed at the connection between the conveying pipe 12 and evaporator 1. An acceleration gear fan 14 is installed at the air outlet of the conveying pipe 12. An electrostatic precipitator 15 is installed at the air outlet of the acceleration gear fan 14. A flue 16 is installed at the air outlet of the electrostatic precipitator 15.

[0049] Wastewater pipe 17 is installed at the inlet of clarifier 4. Filter water supply pipe 18 is installed between clarifier 4 and thickener 3. Bypass pipe 19 is installed between wastewater pipe 17 and filter water supply pipe 18.

[0050] This device, through the coordinated operation of its various structures, effectively reduces crystallization in spray pipes and scaling in atomizers. Specific beneficial effects are as follows: By installing a temperature-regulating water inlet pipe 2 on the surface of the evaporator tower 1, the temperature environment inside the evaporator tower 1 can be flexibly controlled, preventing crystallization of the spray medium in the pipes due to excessively high or low temperatures; the combined setup of the concentration tower 3 and the clarification tank 4 allows for pretreatment of wastewater entering the system. The clarification tank 4 allows impurities in the wastewater to settle and separate, and then the clarified water is transported to the concentration tower 3 through the filtered water supply pipe 18, reducing the entry of impurities into subsequent pipes and atomization structures, thus reducing scaling factors at the source; the motor 5 drives the rotating rod 6, connecting rod 7, and scraper 8 to rotate, and the scraper 8 can scrape off the deposits adhering to the inner wall of the clarification tank 4 in real time, preventing the deposits from falling into the water flow system and further improving the pretreatment effect; the atomizing disc 9 inside the evaporator tower 1, combined with a low-speed gear impeller 10, allows for more uniform dispersion of the atomized medium, preventing excessively high local medium concentrations that could lead to crystallization. Simultaneously, the flue gas distributor 11 allows the flue gas to be distributed more evenly... The uniform distribution of components within the evaporation tower 1 improves evaporation efficiency while ensuring a stable temperature field within the tower, reducing crystallization caused by localized temperature fluctuations. Temperature detector 13 at the connection between the delivery pipe 12 and the evaporation tower 1 monitors the outlet gas temperature in real time, providing data support for temperature control of the temperature-regulating water inlet pipe 2, achieving precise system temperature control, and further suppressing crystallization. The speed-increasing gear fan 14 ensures smooth flue gas delivery, and in conjunction with the electrostatic precipitator 15, effectively removes dust and impurities from the flue gas, preventing impurities from adhering to the inner wall of the pipe and the surface of the atomizing structure to form scale. Simultaneously, the purified flue gas is discharged through the flue 16, improving the system's environmental friendliness. The bypass pipe 19 between the wastewater pipe 17 and the filtered water delivery pipe 18 allows for flexible diversion of wastewater delivery. In the event of a malfunction or maintenance requirement in the clarifier 4 or the concentration tower 3, untreated wastewater is prevented from directly entering the subsequent system, ensuring the operational stability of the pipeline and atomizer. This comprehensive approach reduces crystallization in the spray pipes and scale buildup in the atomizer, extends the lifespan of the device, and improves system operating efficiency.

[0051] A first electric valve 20 is installed on the surface of the wastewater pipe 17, and a second electric valve 21 is installed on the surface of the bypass pipe 19;

[0052] Both the first electric valve 20 and the second electric valve 21 adopt an interconnected intelligent control structure, capable of receiving signals from the solids content monitoring module of the effluent from the clarifier 4 for automatic start / stop and opening adjustment, achieving precise control over wastewater delivery and bypass mixing. Simultaneously, the electric valves are made of corrosion-resistant materials, adapting to the highly corrosive environment of desulfurization wastewater, preventing internal scaling and blockage that could lead to adjustment failure, ensuring stable pipeline operation and flow regulation accuracy, and laying the foundation for subsequent stable solids content control.

[0053] A control valve 22 is installed on the surface of the filtered water supply pipe 18, and a regulating valve 23 is installed on the surface of the temperature-adjusting water inlet pipe 2;

[0054] The control valve 22 on the filtered water supply pipe 18 can dynamically adjust the delivery rate of the clarified wastewater according to the liquid level and processing load of the thickening tower 3, avoiding excessively high liquid levels or insufficient treatment in the thickening tower 3 due to excessive water intake, and reducing the entry of untreated impurities into subsequent pipelines that may cause crystallization. The regulating valve 23 on the temperature-regulating water inlet pipe 2 is a high-precision proportional regulating valve 23, which can steplessly adjust according to the flue gas temperature signal fed back by the temperature detector 13, accurately controlling the flow rate of temperature-regulating water to ensure that the wastewater temperature is suitable for evaporation requirements. Both valves have manual emergency adjustment functions, which can be manually operated in case of automatic control system failure to ensure continuous operation of the unit.

[0055] A funnel 24 is installed at the bottom of the clarification tank 4, and a discharge pipe 25 is installed at the bottom of the funnel 24;

[0056] The funnel 24 adopts a conical structure design with a smooth inner wall, which reduces the adhesion and accumulation of impurities during the clarification process and facilitates the rapid settling of impurities to the bottom outlet. The connection between the funnel 24 and the discharge pipe 25 uses a large-diameter transition structure to prevent impurities from clogging the connection. An on / off valve can be installed on the discharge pipe 25 to periodically discharge impurities according to the amount of sediment in the clarification tank 4. The valve opening can also be adjusted to regulate the slag discharge rate, preventing a sudden drop in the liquid level in the clarification tank 4 or the discharge of unclarified wastewater with the slag due to excessively rapid slag discharge, thus ensuring clarification effectiveness while reducing resource waste.

[0057] A connecting pipe 26 is installed between the concentration tower 3 and the temperature-adjusting water inlet pipe 2, and a check valve 27 is installed on the surface of the connecting pipe 26.

[0058] The connecting pipe 26 enables precise heat exchange between the temperature-regulating water and the wastewater in the concentration tower 3, allowing the temperature-regulating water to directly act on the concentrated wastewater and improve temperature regulation efficiency. The check valve 27 employs a unidirectional flow structure, effectively preventing the high-temperature wastewater and impurities in the concentration tower 3 from flowing back into the temperature-regulating water inlet pipe 2, avoiding scaling and blockage inside the temperature-regulating water pipeline, and protecting the equipment safety of the temperature-regulating water supply system. The valve disc of the check valve 27 is made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material, suitable for high-temperature and high-salt wastewater environments, extending its service life and ensuring the stable operation of the heat exchange system.

[0059] Please see Figure 5 A method for reducing crystallization in spray pipes and scaling in atomizers, based on the aforementioned device for reducing crystallization in spray pipes and scaling in atomizers, includes the following steps:

[0060] S1 wastewater pretreatment and regulation

[0061] The desulfurization wastewater from the thermal power plant is transported to the clarifier 4 through the wastewater pipe 17. At the same time, based on the solid content of the effluent from the clarifier 4, the bypass pipe 19 is controlled to open and close, and the untreated wastewater is mixed with the effluent from the clarifier 4 and then fed into the thickening tower 3 for thickening treatment.

[0062] S2 pre-evaporation temperature adaptation

[0063] During the process of transporting the wastewater treated by the concentration tower 3 to the evaporation tower 1, temperature-regulating water is introduced into the wastewater transport link through the temperature-regulating water inlet pipe 2, and the temperature-regulating water supply status is automatically adjusted based on the flue gas temperature at the outlet of the evaporation tower 1.

[0064] S3 atomization evaporation operation

[0065] Start the atomizing disc 9 to rotate, so that the temperature-regulated wastewater can be atomized and evaporated in the evaporation tower 1. At the same time, turn on the speed-increasing gear fan 14 at the air outlet of the evaporation tower 1 to create a stable negative pressure environment in the evaporation tower 1.

[0066] S4 flue gas purification treatment

[0067] The dust-laden flue gas discharged from the evaporator 1 is introduced into the electrostatic precipitator 15 through the conveying pipe 12 for dust and chlorine removal treatment. The treated flue gas is discharged through the flue 16, while the dust and impurities separated by the electrostatic precipitator 15 are collected.

[0068] In step S1, the linkage control of the solid content status of the effluent from the clarifier 4, including the opening and closing of the bypass pipe 19, specifically includes: acquiring the solid content monitoring signal at the effluent outlet of the clarifier 4 in real time; when the solid content is detected to be lower than the lower limit of the preset adaptation range, increasing the opening of the bypass pipe 19 to increase the flow rate of unclarified wastewater; when the solid content is detected to be higher than the upper limit of the preset adaptation range, decreasing the opening of the bypass pipe 19 or closing the bypass pipe 19 to ensure that the solid content of the wastewater mixture entering the thickening tower 3 is stable, and simultaneously controlling the rotation speed of the scraper 8 in the clarifier 4.

[0069] Solids content monitoring signals are collected by online monitoring sensors, analyzed by the data processing module, and transmitted to the control unit to achieve coordinated control of the bypass pipe 19 valve and the scraper 8 speed. When the solids content deviates from the suitable range, the scraper 8 speed can be dynamically adjusted accordingly. When the solids content is too high, the speed is increased to enhance the stirring and clarification effect and accelerate the sedimentation of impurities; when the solids content is too low, the speed is reduced to reduce energy consumption. This coordinated control method can avoid excessive fluctuations in solids content caused by solely adjusting the bypass pipe 19, ensuring the stability of the wastewater entering the concentration tower 3 and reducing pipe crystallization and atomizer scaling caused by abnormal solids content from the source.

[0070] In step S2, the automatic adjustment of the temperature regulating water flow based on the flue gas temperature at the outlet of evaporator 1 specifically includes: real-time acquisition of the flue gas temperature signal at the outlet of evaporator 1 through temperature detector 13; when the acquired temperature is lower than the preset threshold, closing the regulating valve 23 on the temperature regulating water inlet pipe 2 to stop the flow of temperature regulating water; when the acquired temperature is higher than the preset threshold, opening the regulating valve 23 and adjusting its opening degree to flow temperature regulating water, while dynamically adjusting the flow rate of temperature regulating water according to the operating speed of the atomizing disc 9.

[0071] Temperature detector 13 employs a high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant thermocouple sensor, enabling stable operation in high-temperature, dusty flue gas environments and ensuring accurate temperature signal acquisition. After the temperature signal is transmitted to the temperature control unit, it is compared with a preset threshold, and the opening of regulating valve 23 is controlled via a PID adjustment algorithm. The adjustment of the temperature-regulating water flow rate, combined with the rotation speed of the atomizing disc 9, is because the rotation speed directly affects the wastewater atomization particle size. Different droplet sizes require different temperatures for evaporation. Matching the corresponding temperature-regulating water flow rate ensures that the wastewater temperature precisely matches the evaporation requirements, preventing premature crystallization due to excessively high temperatures or insufficient evaporation due to excessively low temperatures, further reducing the risk of scaling in pipes and the atomizer.

[0072] In step S3, the speed-increasing gear fan 14 includes a pressure detector, which adjusts the linkage speed of the low-speed end impeller and the high-speed end impeller of the speed-increasing gear fan 14 according to the pressure monitoring signal.

[0073] A pressure detector collects the negative pressure signal within evaporation tower 1 in real time. When the pressure deviates from the preset stable range, the control module adjusts the linkage speed of the impellers at the high and low speed ends to achieve precise control of the negative pressure within evaporation tower 1. If the negative pressure inside the tower is too high, a large amount of cold air from the outside may enter, lowering the evaporation temperature and affecting the evaporation effect. If the negative pressure is too low, the atomized droplets cannot be carried away by the airflow in time, easily accumulating and settling in the pipes to form crystals. By adjusting the linkage speed of the impellers, pressure changes can be quickly responded to, maintaining a stable negative pressure inside the tower, ensuring the continuity and stability of the atomization evaporation process, while reducing the adhesion of impurities to the inner wall of the pipes caused by pressure fluctuations, thus reducing the probability of crystallization and scaling.

[0074] In step S4, when the dust-laden flue gas is introduced into the electrostatic precipitator 15 for treatment, the operating power of the electrostatic precipitator 15 is dynamically adjusted according to the flow rate of the flue gas so that the residence time of the flue gas in the electrostatic precipitator 15 is adapted to the dechlorination requirements.

[0075] The flue gas flow rate is monitored in real time by a flow sensor inside the pipeline. The control unit calculates the optimal operating power required based on the flow signal and dynamically adjusts the electric field strength of the electrostatic precipitator 15. When the flue gas flow rate increases, the operating power is appropriately increased to enhance the electric field adsorption capacity, while ensuring that the flue gas residence time meets the dechlorination requirements. When the flow rate decreases, the operating power is reduced to save energy. This dynamic adjustment method can avoid incomplete dechlorination due to flow fluctuations and reduce the amount of residual chloride impurities in the flue gas adhering to the surface of subsequent pipelines or equipment and forming scale. At the same time, the dust and impurities collected by the electrostatic precipitator 15 are cleaned regularly to prevent dust accumulation from affecting the dust removal efficiency and further ensure the stable operation of the entire system.

[0076] In this scheme: Wastewater is transported to clarifier 4 via wastewater pipe 17. The first electric valve 20 and the second electric valve 21 are linked to control the opening and closing of bypass pipe 19. The mixing volume of unclarified wastewater is adjusted according to the solid content of the effluent from clarifier 4. Scraper 8 scrapes away sediment from the inner wall of clarifier 4 in real time to reduce impurities entering the subsequent system. Concentrator 3 receives clarified wastewater through filtered water supply pipe 18. Control valve 22 dynamically adjusts the delivery rate to avoid insufficient treatment. Temperature-regulating water inlet pipe 2 exchanges heat with concentration tower 3 through connecting pipe 26. Regulating valve 23 steplessly adjusts the flow rate of temperature-regulating water according to the flue gas temperature signal fed back by temperature detector 13 to ensure that the wastewater temperature is suitable for evaporation requirements. Atomizing disc 9, combined with gear-driven low-speed impeller 10, ensures uniform dispersion of the atomizing medium. Flue gas distributor 11 ensures a stable temperature field inside the tower. Speed-increasing gear fan 14 adjusts the impeller speed according to the pressure detector signal to maintain stable negative pressure inside evaporator 1. Electrostatic precipitator 15 dynamically adjusts its operating power according to flue gas flow to ensure thorough dechlorination and reduce chloride salt impurities. Through intelligent control and dynamic adjustment, each structure works synergistically across multiple stages, including wastewater pretreatment, precise temperature control, atomization uniformity, and flue gas purification, effectively reducing the causes of crystallization and scaling, extending the service life of the device, and improving system operating efficiency.

[0077] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for reducing crystallization in spray pipes and scaling in atomizers, characterized in that, include: An evaporator (1) is provided with a temperature-regulating water inlet pipe (2) installed on its surface. A concentration tower (3) is installed on the surface of the temperature-regulating water inlet pipe (2), and a clarification tank (4) is installed on the surface of the concentration tower (3); A motor (5) is installed on the upper surface of the clarification tank (4). A rotating rod (6) is coaxially mounted on the rotor of the motor (5). Connecting rods (7) are evenly distributed on the surface of the rotating rod (6). Scrapers (8) are installed on the surface of each connecting rod (7). Atomizing disc (9) is installed inside the evaporation tower (1). A low-speed gear impeller (10) is installed on the upper surface of the atomizing disc (9). A flue gas distributor (11) is installed in the lower part of the inner cavity of the evaporation tower (1). A conveying pipe (12) is installed at the air outlet of the evaporation tower (1). A temperature detector (13) is installed at the connection between the conveying pipe (12) and the evaporation tower (1). A speed-increasing gear fan (14) is installed at the air outlet of the conveying pipe (12). An electrostatic precipitator (15) is installed at the air outlet of the speed-increasing gear fan (14). A flue (16) is installed at the air outlet of the electrostatic precipitator (15). Wastewater pipe (17) is installed at the inlet of clarifier (4). Filter water supply pipe (18) is installed between clarifier (4) and thickener (3). Bypass pipe (19) is installed between wastewater pipe (17) and filter water supply pipe (18).

2. The device for reducing crystallization in spray pipes and scaling in atomizers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wastewater pipe (17) is equipped with a first electric valve (20), and the bypass pipe (19) is equipped with a second electric valve (21).

3. The device for reducing crystallization in spray pipes and scaling in atomizers according to claim 1, characterized in that: A control valve (22) is installed on the surface of the filtered water supply pipe (18), and a regulating valve (23) is installed on the surface of the temperature-adjusting water inlet pipe (2).

4. The device for reducing crystallization in spray pipes and scaling in atomizers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the clarification tank (4) is equipped with a funnel (24), and the bottom of the funnel (24) is equipped with a discharge pipe (25).

5. The device for reducing crystallization in spray pipes and scaling in atomizers according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting pipe (26) is installed between the concentration tower (3) and the temperature-regulating water inlet pipe (2), and a check valve (27) is installed on the surface of the connecting pipe (26).

6. A method of using a device for reducing crystallization in spray pipes and scaling in atomizers, based on any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1 wastewater pretreatment and regulation The desulfurization wastewater from the thermal power plant is transported to the clarifier (4) through the wastewater pipe (17). At the same time, based on the solid content of the effluent from the clarifier (4), the bypass pipe (19) is controlled to open and close, and the untreated wastewater is mixed with the effluent from the clarifier (4) and then fed into the thickening tower (3) for thickening treatment. S2 pre-evaporation temperature adaptation During the process of transporting the wastewater treated by the concentration tower (3) to the evaporation tower (1), temperature-regulating water is introduced into the wastewater transport link through the temperature-regulating water inlet pipe (2), and the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the evaporation tower (1) is used as feedback to automatically adjust the state of the temperature-regulating water supply. S3 atomization evaporation operation Start the atomizing disc (9) to rotate, so that the temperature-regulated wastewater can be atomized and evaporated in the evaporation tower (1). At the same time, turn on the speed-increasing gear fan (14) at the air outlet of the evaporation tower (1) to create a stable negative pressure environment in the evaporation tower (1). S4 flue gas purification treatment The dust-laden flue gas discharged from the evaporator (1) is introduced into the electrostatic precipitator (15) through the conveying pipe (12) for dust and chlorine removal treatment. The treated flue gas is discharged through the flue (16), and the dust and impurities separated by the electrostatic precipitator (15) are collected at the same time.

7. The method for reducing crystallization in spray pipes and scaling in atomizers according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S1, the control of the opening and closing of the bypass pipe (19) in the solid content status linkage control of the effluent of the clarifier (4) specifically includes: real-time acquisition of the solid content monitoring signal at the effluent outlet of the clarifier (4); when the solid content is detected to be lower than the lower limit of the preset adaptation range, the opening of the bypass pipe (19) is increased to increase the flow rate of unclarified wastewater; when the solid content is detected to be higher than the upper limit of the preset adaptation range, the opening of the bypass pipe (19) is reduced or the bypass pipe (19) is closed to ensure that the solid content of the wastewater mixture entering the thickening tower (3) is stable, and at the same time, the rotation speed of the scraper (8) in the clarifier (4) is controlled in linkage.

8. The method for reducing crystallization in spray pipes and scaling in atomizers according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S2, the automatic adjustment of the temperature regulating water flow based on the flue gas temperature at the outlet of the evaporator (1) specifically includes: collecting the flue gas temperature signal at the outlet of the evaporator (1) in real time through the temperature detector (13); when the collected temperature is lower than the preset threshold, closing the regulating valve (23) on the temperature regulating water inlet pipe (2) to stop the flow of temperature regulating water; when the collected temperature is higher than the preset threshold, opening the regulating valve (23) and adjusting its opening degree to flow temperature regulating water, while dynamically adjusting the flow rate of temperature regulating water according to the operating speed of the atomizing disc (9).

9. A method for reducing crystallization in spray pipes and scaling in atomizers according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S3, the speed-increasing gear fan (14) includes a pressure detector, and the linkage speed of the low-speed end impeller and the high-speed end impeller of the speed-increasing gear fan (14) is adjusted according to the pressure monitoring signal.

10. A method for reducing crystallization in spray pipes and scaling in atomizers according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S4, when the dust-laden flue gas is introduced into the electrostatic precipitator (15) for treatment, the operating power of the electrostatic precipitator (15) is dynamically adjusted according to the flow rate of the flue gas so that the residence time of the flue gas in the electrostatic precipitator (15) is adapted to the dechlorination requirements.

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