Application of phosphorus-solubilizing fungus solid bacterial fertilizer in promoting crop growth

Abstract

The invention discloses application of a phosphorus-solubilizing fungus solid bacterial fertilizer in promoting crop growth, and belongs to the field of environment and the technical field of agriculture. The solid bacterial fertilizer comprises penicillium deserticola and / or penicillium fistulosum, the penicillium deserticola and / or penicillium fistulosum are compounded according to the proportion of 1: 1, agricultural waste mushroom bran serves as a main carrier, and the inoculum size of a bacterial solution is 9 wt%. The bacterial fertilizer can effectively activate insoluble phosphorus in soil, significantly improve absorption and utilization of phosphorus by crops, promote plant growth, increase root length and biomass, increase leaf chlorophyll content, enhance photosynthesis capability, reduce dependence on chemical phosphate fertilizer and realize agricultural waste recycling, and has the advantages of high efficiency, environmental protection and low cost.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of environment and the field of agricultural technology, and particularly relates to application of phosphorus-dissolving fungal solid bacterial manure in promoting crop growth. BACKGROUND

[0002] Phosphorus is one of the three essential nutrients for plant growth and development, and directly participates in a variety of key physiological and biochemical processes such as energy metabolism, photosynthesis, and genetic information transmission. In agricultural production, the application of phosphorus fertilizer is crucial to ensuring crop yield and quality. However, in large areas of farmland in China, phosphorus in the soil mainly exists in the form of insoluble inorganic phosphorus or organic phosphorus, and the direct utilization rate of crops is low. Long-term overuse of phosphorus fertilizer not only causes resource waste and increases production costs, but also leads to a series of environmental problems such as soil compaction and water eutrophication. How to improve the activation efficiency of inherent phosphorus in the soil and reduce the amount of phosphorus fertilizer has become an important research direction for sustainable agricultural development.

[0003] Microbial phosphorus-dissolving technology is a kind of environment-friendly and efficient bio-fertilizer strategy that uses certain microorganisms with phosphorus-dissolving function to convert insoluble phosphorus in the soil into available phosphorus for plants by secreting organic acids and phosphatase metabolites, thereby improving phosphorus utilization efficiency. Currently, some phosphorus-dissolving strains (such as some Bacillus and Pseudomonas) have been reported and applied in the development of bacterial manure. However, existing phosphorus-dissolving microbial agents still have limitations such as single function, poor field stability, insignificant interaction with crops, and high cost of large-scale production. In particular, there is still a lack of efficient and multifunctional phosphorus-dissolving strains for specific adverse soils (such as desertification and barren soils), which limits their large-scale application. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a solid bacterial manure composed of specific phosphorus-dissolving fungi with high efficiency, stability, and synergistic effect, and to clarify its application effect in promoting crop growth, for the development of green agriculture and the realization of reduced fertilizer application. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the present application aims to provide the application of phosphorus-dissolving fungal solid bacterial manure in promoting crop growth, and the phosphorus-dissolving fungal solid bacterial manure can effectively promote crop growth.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions: The present application provides the application of phosphorus-dissolving fungal solid bacterial manure in promoting crop growth, and the phosphorus-dissolving fungal solid bacterial manure comprises Penicillium desertorum ( Penicillium desertorum ) and / or Penicillium variabile ( Penicillium steckii ).

[0006] As a preferred, the Penicillium desertorum ( Penicillium desertorumwas preserved in China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center on January 9, 2025, and the preservation number is CGMCC NO: 41748; The Penicillium solitum fungus Penicillium steckii was preserved in China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center on January 8, 2025, and the preservation number is CGMCC NO: 41749.

[0007] Further, the ratio of the Penicillium desertorum fungus to the Penicillium solitum fungus is 1:1.

[0008] Further, the soil phosphorus-dissolving solid bacterial fertilizer further comprises agricultural waste bacterial chaff.

[0009] Further, the bacterial liquid inoculation amount is 9wt%.

[0010] Further, the crop comprises wheat.

[0011] At least the following beneficial technical effects are contained: The provided phosphorus-dissolving fungal solid bacterial fertilizer significantly promotes crop growth and biomass accumulation: after applying the solid bacterial fertilizer, the wheat plant grows healthily, the stem is straight, and the lodging phenomenon is effectively reduced. Experiments show that the bacterial fertilizer treatment can significantly increase the root length and aboveground fresh weight of wheat; can increase the chlorophyll content in the wheat leaves, especially the total amount of chlorophyll a and b. It is proved that the used phosphorus-dissolving fungus can effectively convert the insoluble phosphorus in the soil into a form available to plants and be absorbed and transported by crops, especially the increase in the aboveground phosphorus content is greater, which is consistent with the physiological law that phosphorus is preferentially allocated to photosynthetic tissues.

[0012] In summary, the provided phosphorus-dissolving fungal solid bacterial fertilizer has multiple advantages such as promoting growth, improving quality, increasing efficiency, and environmental protection, and provides an effective microbial fertilizer solution for green crop production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 Wheat growth conditions for different treatment groups; Figure 2 Effects of different treatment groups on wheat biomass; Figure 3 Effects of different treatment groups on wheat chlorophyll content; Figure 4 Effects of different treatment groups on wheat total phosphorus content. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art with reference to the embodiments described herein without creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application. The present application is described below with reference to specific embodiments, and it should be noted that these embodiments are merely descriptive and do not limit the present application in any way.

[0015] Example 1 The desert Penicillium fungus described in the present application Penicillium desertorum was deposited at the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center on January 9, 2025, and the deposit number is CGMCC NO: 41748; hereinafter collectively referred to as No. 5 fungus; The Penicillium crustosum fungus described in the present application Penicillium steckii was deposited at the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center on January 8, 2025, and the deposit number is CGMCC NO: 41749; hereinafter collectively referred to as No. A fungus.

[0016] 1. Preparation of the microbial agent (1) Activation of the strain: Take No. 5 fungus and No. A fungus from the glycerol tube and spread them on NBRIP solid plates, and culture at 30°C for 3 days.

[0017] (2) Preparation of the fungal spore solution: After the spores mature, use sterile water to rinse the solid plates prepared in (1), and use a spreader to gently scrape the spores during the rinsing process.

[0018] (3) Preparation of the fungal solid agent: Select bran as the solid carrier, sterilize it, and then use a material liquid ratio of bran: sterile water = 1:3, add 1% sorbitol as a solid agent preservative, and finally add a volume fraction of 9% of the spore solution in (2) to prepare No. 5 solid fungus agent and No. A solid fungus agent under sterile conditions. The 5+A mixed solid fungus agent is prepared by mixing No. 5 solid fungus agent and No. A solid fungus agent in a mass ratio of 1:1. After successful preparation, the technical indicators of the three kinds of fungal agents are determined, and the results are shown in Table 1, which all meet the national standard (GB20287-2006).

[0019] Table 1 Phosphorus-dissolving fungal agent indicators 2. Wheat growth experiment 2.1 Experimental treatment method According to Table 2, fertilize each experimental group, take 1 kg of potted experimental soil, sieve it, and weigh 3% of the microbial agent, and mix it evenly with the experimental soil. Put the mixed soil into a PE flowerpot, select 6 germinated wheat of similar size in each pot, and bury them in the soil. Place the flowerpot in an environment with a light cycle of 16 h of strong light and 8 h of darkness, and water quantitatively every 1 d. The wheat potting experiment period is 21 d.

[0020] Fertilization of each treatment group in Table 2 2.2 Determination method of wheat growth index Wheat biomass data including plant height, root length and chlorophyll were determined; ICP-OES technology was used to determine the total phosphorus of plants, aiming to analyze the influence of various microbial agent treatments on the accumulation of phosphorus elements in plants. The specific method is as follows: (1) Biomass At the end of the 21 d experimental period, the growth of wheat in each treatment group was recorded by taking photos, and the wheat was harvested. The excess soil on the roots of the wheat was removed, the mud on the roots was washed off, and the surface moisture was absorbed with phosphorus-free filter paper before measuring the plant height, fresh weight and other biomass indicators.

[0021] (2) Chlorophyll Fresh leaves of the same height of wheat plants were selected, 0.1 g of which was cut and placed in a centrifuge tube containing 10 mL of 95% ethanol. The centrifuge tube was placed in the dark for 24 h, and uniform shaking was performed during this period to promote the complete dissolution and extraction of chlorophyll. 95% ethanol was used as a blank control, and colorimetric determination was performed at 665 nm and 645 nm wavelengths, respectively. The contents of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b were calculated according to formulas (2.1) and (2.2).

[0022] Chla=(12.72D 665 -2.59D 645 )V×N×(1000×W) -1 (2.1) Chlb=(22.88D 645 -4.67D 665 )V×N×(1000×W) -1 (2.2) In the formula: Chla, Chlb—content of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, mg·L -1 ; V—volume of photosynthetic pigment extraction solution, mL; N—dilution multiple of sample; W—weight of sample, g.

[0023] (3) Total phosphorus of wheat Grind the completely dried sample in a mortar. Take 0.1 g of the sample in a digestion tube, add 2 mL of hydrochloric acid and 6 mL of nitric acid, and digest the sample until the solution becomes clear and transparent. Wash the digestion solution with distilled water into a colorimetric tube, dilute to 25 mL and shake well. After dilution, determine the content of P element by inductively coupled plasma (ICP-OES).

[0024] 3. Determination results of wheat growth index (1) Biomass The growth of wheat in each group is as follows Figure 1As shown in the figure, compared with the bacterial agent treatment group, the stem length of the wheat in the blank group was shorter, and the tip of the leaf showed yellowing phenomenon. The wheat in the CK group and the JK group showed stem lodging, and although a few plants in the rest of the bacterial agent treatment groups showed lodging, the overall growth was stronger and more vigorous.

[0025] The analysis results of the biomass index data of the wheat are shown in the figure Figure 2 As shown in the figure, A is the influence of each treatment group on the root length and stem length of the wheat; B is the influence of each treatment group on the weight of the aboveground and underground parts of the wheat. Each bacterial agent treatment group has a certain promoting effect on the stem length, root length and underground weight of the wheat; compared with the CK, the fresh weight of the aboveground part of the No. 5 bacterial agent treatment group is significantly increased.

[0026] (2) Chlorophyll Chlorophyll is a key green pigment in the plant body, is a key factor for the plant to carry out photosynthesis, and is crucial for the growth of the plant. The determination results of the chlorophyll content of the wheat in each treatment group are shown in the figure Figure 3 The total chlorophyll content of each treatment group is increased compared with the CK, and the chlorophyll a content of the No. 5 bacterial agent treatment group is significantly increased compared with other groups. In summary, the bacterial agent used in the application can increase the chlorophyll content of the wheat to a certain extent, promote the photosynthesis of the wheat, and the effect of the No. 5 bacterial agent treatment group is the best.

[0027] (3) Total phosphorus of wheat Phosphorus is an indispensable element for the growth of wheat throughout the whole process, and its role runs through all aspects of wheat growth and development, photosynthesis, stress resistance and yield and quality formation. The total phosphorus content of the wheat in each treatment group is shown in the figure Figure 4 The growth rate of the total phosphorus content of the aboveground part of the wheat in each bacterial agent treatment group is greater than that of the underground part. The total phosphorus content of the aboveground part of the No. 5, No. A and JK treatment groups is significantly increased compared with the CK, the total phosphorus content of the aboveground part of the compound bacterial agent treatment group is slightly higher than that of the CK, but there is no significant difference between the two treatment groups; the total phosphorus content of the underground part of the No. 5, No. A and compound bacterial agent treatment groups is significantly increased compared with the CK. Phosphorus participates in the formation of chloroplast membrane structure to promote light energy absorption, transmission and conversion, and sufficient phosphorus supply can increase the chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate of the wheat leaf. This is also consistent with the determination results of the chlorophyll content of the wheat in the application.

[0028] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the application, and it should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the application, a number of improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be considered as the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. The application of phosphate-solidifying fungal solid microbial fertilizer in promoting crop growth, characterized in that, The phosphate-solubilizing fungal solid microbial fertilizer includes *Penicillium desertii* (… Penicillium desertorum ) and / or Penicillium fimbriatum ( Penicillium steckii ).

2. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The desert penicillium ( Penicillium desertorum It was deposited at the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center on January 9, 2025, with accession number CGMCC NO: 41748; The Penicillium fissure ( Penicillium steckii It was deposited on January 8, 2025, at the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC) with accession number CGMCC NO: 41749.

3. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of *Penicillium desertii* to *Penicillium fibrillati* is 1:

1.

4. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phosphorus-solubilizing fungal solid fertilizer also includes agricultural waste fungal residue.

5. The application according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inoculation volume of the bacterial solution was 9 wt%.

6. The application according to claim 4, characterized in that, The crop mentioned includes wheat.

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