Novel timing socket circuit

Abstract

According to the novel timing socket circuit, the timing unit can be switched to hour or minute through one key, and timing and thorough outage can be achieved in a reservation mode. A circuit is composed of a protective tube, a duplex linkage start-stop and timing power supply button, a duplex linkage reservation mode start and reservation timing switch, an hour / minute switching button, a logic mainboard, more than one relay, a working power supply system, a single chip microcomputer, a time display system and the like. The timing unit can be randomly switched to hour or minute, the setting of any shutdown time requirement is facilitated, the power supply of the whole machine can be thoroughly turned off in a timing manner in a reservation mode, and the operation is simple and easy to understand. And a one-key start-stop circuit is arranged, so that the standby problem of no residual electricity of a timing automatic shutdown whole machine of instant power supply or reserved power supply is conveniently and thoroughly solved, the potential fire hazard safety hazard in a standby mode is eliminated, and the electricity utilization safety is thoroughly guaranteed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of socket circuit, in particular to a novel timing socket circuit. BACKGROUND

[0002] The existing timing socket cannot form safe isolation with the front-end power supply in the whole machine without electricity, and the timing unit of the timing chip is all in hours, which cannot meet the needs of users in minutes, such as users cooking instant noodles and boiling eggs in small containers, which can easily cause the pot to be burned and even cause fire if neglected for too long. The existing timing socket with pre-arranged power supply can only pre-arrange power supply when using pre-arranged power supply, and cannot set the timing automatic power-off, and cannot automatically enter the whole machine without electricity standby mode, which is a defect of the pre-arranged timing socket. In addition, when the front-end power supply zero line and live line are connected in reverse, the socket site and load are still live after the timing circuit is disconnected.

[0003] In view of the above problems, the prior art needs to be improved. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned technology, and to provide a novel timing socket circuit, which can randomly switch the timing unit to hours or minutes according to the needs of the use time. In the pre-arranged power supply mode, the automatic whole machine power-off shutdown time of the power supply can also be randomly set according to the needs, which greatly facilitates the different needs of the user in various scenes for timing power consumption. And effectively enhance the safety protection function of timing power-off.

[0005] The technical scheme adopted by the present application is: a novel timing socket circuit, comprising: A timing mainboard is configured with a 4-bit or 2-bit digital tube time display, which is responsible for displaying the pre-arranged time and the power-off time of the power supply output in the form of countdown. The display of the socket with pre-arrangement function is a 4-bit digital tube, the first two digits display the pre-arranged time of 1-26 hours or 1-99 minutes, and the last two digits display the shutdown time of power-on. The display without pre-arrangement function can use a 2-digit digital tube to display the power-on automatic shutdown time in the form of countdown, which is 1-26 hours or 1-99 minutes; Two safety tubes are configured, one is FU1 high-temperature-resistant plastic-wood shell 20A safety tube, tube seat specification 5x20, which can be replaced by 3A-30A according to the use power, responsible for over-current protection of the socket appliance load; the other is MTS.T3A current limiting tube responsible for over-current protection of the timing mainboard and mobile phone charging; It is equipped with a transformer and voltage regulator circuit that converts AC220V to DC5V, providing low-voltage power output for the mainboard and mobile phone charging; a U1 microcontroller is configured to receive, process, and amplify signals from the various buttons and switches to control the operation and shutdown of the entire device; a USB female port is provided for connecting the data cable to the mobile phone for charging; at least one relay power supply control circuit is configured to provide continuous power and shut down the entire device; in standby mode, the one-button start / stop Sw1 and the normally open characteristic of the relay front end block the current, and all electronic components and electrical loads on the timing mainboard are de-energized; during startup, pressing the Sw1 button for two seconds provides power and a start command to the timing mainboard through two reeds, and the main control module provides power to the RLY1 working relay, causing the normally open reed of the relay to close and conduct, continuously providing power to the timing mainboard, and then U1 provides power to the RLY2 load relay coil. 2. The normally open reed of the load relay is engaged, continuously outputting power to the electrical load. During power output, pressing the Sw1 one-key start / stop button sends a timing signal to the main control module. Each press adds one time unit. When the timing unit is hours, the hour time can be set arbitrarily between 1 and 26 hours according to usage needs. When the timing unit is minutes, the minute time can be set arbitrarily between 1 and 99 minutes according to usage needs. When the timing time ends, or when the one-key start / stop Sw1 button is pressed and held for three seconds, the microcontroller stops providing working signals to the relay control circuit, the control circuit stops providing working power to the relay coil, the normally open reed of the relay opens, stopping power output, and simultaneously cutting off the standby power supply of the main control module, putting the whole machine into a power-off standby mode. When using the scheduled power supply mode, pressing Sw1 sends a timed power-off signal to the U1 main control module via the second reed. The method and range for setting the time are the same as above.

[0006] Furthermore, a self-resetting button switch Sw2 is provided, which is normally open and is responsible for switching the timing unit from hours to minutes. The default time unit of the timing circuit is hours after power-on. Pressing this switch once switches the timing unit to minutes, and pressing it again restores the timing unit to hours. Pressing it continuously cycles through switching the timing unit.

[0007] Furthermore, a start switch Sw3 for the reservation mode is provided. This switch is a double-pole self-resetting switch, normally open, and only used in the reservation power supply mode. When using reservation power supply, press the start switch Sw3 for two seconds. The first reed provides the reserved standby power to the timing motherboard, and the second reed sends a reservation start command to the U1 chip. The initial reservation command defaults to a reservation time of 1 hour. The U1 chip provides power to the RLY1 working relay, and the normally open reed of the RLY1 working relay is engaged. At this time, release the reservation start switch Sw3. The RLY1 working relay continues to provide power to the U1 chip. The U1 chip and the RLY1 working relay cooperate to maintain a self-locking mechanism to maintain the reservation standby mode. The second reed of the reservation start switch Sw3 is also responsible for setting the cumulative reservation standby time. Each press of this switch adds one increment. The time unit and duration can be set from 1 to 26 hours or 1 to 99 minutes. For example, pressing this switch 3 times will display "03--", indicating that the power will be supplied after 3 hours. After the reservation mode is activated, the command mechanism of prioritizing reserved power supply will be used. At this time, pressing the Sw1 button will turn on the power supply with the first spring, forming a dual circuit with the normally open spring of the RLY1 working relay to supply power to the working power system. This has no impact on the operation of the reservation mode. The second spring will send the power supply timing signal in the reservation mode to the U1 chip. Each press will increment the power supply time by one unit. For example, pressing the Sw1 button twice indicates a reservation time of 2 hours and a power supply time of 2 hours. The time display will show "0302". Power will be supplied to the load at the socket position when the 3-hour reservation time ends. After 2 hours of continuous power supply, the machine will automatically shut down and enter a standby state with no power.

[0008] Furthermore, a self-resetting emergency shutdown button switch Sw4 is provided. This switch is a normally closed switch and is connected in series in the relay coil power supply circuit. It is used to provide backup emergency power to force shutdown of the motherboard, causing the motherboard to lose power and stop power output. This switch is designed to prevent the timing circuit from malfunctioning and to cut off the power supply of the two relays in an emergency, thereby forcing a shutdown.

[0009] Furthermore, a dual-load RLY2 relay is also provided, with a rated power of AC220V-20A. The advantage of this relay is that it can simultaneously connect or disconnect the neutral and live wires, and its output power can basically meet the needs of all household appliances.

[0010] Furthermore, a dual-pole circuit selection master switch Sw5-(1) is provided. This switch allows selection of whether to supply power to the socket via the timing motherboard or to supply power directly to the socket. It also serves as a backup switch to ensure direct power supply to the socket in case the timing chip ages or is damaged. A total of 8 sets of five-hole sockets are provided, each controllable by an independent switch.

[0011] Furthermore, it also provides 10 sets of five-hole sockets controlled by independent switches, making it convenient to plug in more electrical appliances and control them separately.

[0012] Furthermore, it also provides a YY-DC05V load relay with a rated current of AC220V30A; a total of 8 groups of five-hole sockets controlled by independent switches; and a main switch with two double rocker switches connected in parallel to directly supply power to the sockets, with a power capacity of 16A×2, to meet the needs of high-current sockets.

[0013] Furthermore, a load relay SLA-05VDC-SL-A with a rated current of AC220V15A is also provided; and a total of 4 sets of five-hole sockets controlled by independent switches are also provided.

[0014] Furthermore, it also provides a no-reservation function, retains the instant power-on timer function, mid-term stop function, and timer unit switching function, and installs a total of 4 sets of five-hole sockets with independent switch control.

[0015] Furthermore, it offers a no-schedule function, retains the instant power-on timer function, mid-term stop function, and function to switch time units, and is equipped with two-hole sockets and five-hole sockets.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This application provides a novel timing socket circuit, which adds the function of switching the timing unit from hours to minutes at any time; in the scheduled power supply mode, the power-off time can be set according to the power consumption time; it has a stronger safe standby function for when the whole machine is without power due to timed power-off; it increases the power supply to the load and can ensure power safety; the double-pole switch ensures that the socket can still be used for emergency power supply even if the timing chip fails due to a short circuit; the RLY2 load relay adopts a double-pole model, which can effectively prevent the live wire from being turned off even if the neutral wire and the live wire of the front-end power supply are connected incorrectly, and ensure that there is no live wire voltage residue on the socket load after the power is turned off.

[0017] It features the ability to freely switch between hourly and minute time units, and automatically shuts off the entire unit after the timer expires, completely eliminating standby power consumption, preventing component aging, and improving ease of operation and safety.

[0018] The above overview is merely intended to illustrate that the circuit of the present invention has better timing power consumption function and a standby mode when the entire device is without power, and is not intended to limit its application to other circuits in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features of the present invention will become more readily apparent from the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description, highlighting its simple and quick operation and excellent safety performance. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of a novel timing socket according to an embodiment of the present invention / a circuit diagram of a double-pole dual-gang master switch controlling the L+N lines. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of a novel timing socket according to an embodiment of the present invention / a circuit diagram of a double-pole dual-gang master switch controlling the L+N lines. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of a novel timing socket according to an embodiment of the present invention / a single-wire circuit diagram of a double-gang single-pole master switch controlling L; Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of a novel timer socket according to an embodiment of the present invention / a circuit diagram of a four-hole socket without a master switch; Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of a novel timer socket according to an embodiment of the present invention / a circuit diagram of four groups of five-hole sockets without a reservation function; Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of a novel timer socket according to an embodiment of the present invention / a circuit diagram of a two-hole + five-hole socket without a reservation function; Figure 7 This is a graphic illustration of the electrical symbols of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The embodiments of this disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] It should be understood that the following specific examples illustrate the implementation of this disclosure, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this disclosure from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this disclosure, and not all of them. This disclosure can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementation methods, and the details in this specification can also be combined or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this disclosure. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments in this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0023] In existing technologies, timer sockets commonly suffer from standby energization issues, with some components remaining powered even when not in operation. This leads to accumulated standby power consumption and accelerated component aging. When power is restored after an unexpected power outage, the timer socket may automatically turn on its load due to the surge in power, and energized components may fail due to lightning strikes, posing a safety hazard. Traditional solutions rely on manual power disconnection, which carries the risk of users forgetting to disconnect the power and lacks automatic timer-based power-off functionality. If the neutral and live wires of the power supply are incorrectly connected, the socket may still be energized even after the timed power-off, failing to achieve true electrical safety. The timing units of timer sockets cannot be quickly switched according to usage scenarios, making it inconvenient for users to switch between hours or minutes. These limitations fail to meet the modern household's needs for timed power usage and electrical safety management.

[0024] To address the aforementioned issues, researchers focused on the problems of residual energy in the standby state, incorrect wiring of the live and neutral wires at the front end failing to ensure the socket disconnects the live wire even after the timer is turned off, the inability to switch timing units according to usage needs, the inability to automatically cut off power in timed mode, and the cumbersome operation due to excessive buttons. Analysis of electrical fire cases revealed that prolonged electrification of electronic components is a major cause of spontaneous combustion. Based on this, the design approach shifted to building a circuit architecture with zero standby power consumption. The core breakthrough lies in using a dual-contact linkage switch and a timing module for coordinated control, achieving physical isolation of the power supply circuit. The relay, as the main control component, ensures that the current path is completely blocked when not in operation, eliminating the potential for electrification at the hardware level.

[0025] Therefore, this application proposes a power-off protection circuit comprising a start / stop button with a double-linked normally open switch, a main control module (timing chip motherboard), and a relay. In standby mode, all electronic components are de-energized; upon startup, the button synchronously triggers the timing module to supply power and the relay to engage; when the timing ends or is manually operated midway, all power supply circuits are cut off.

[0026] Both Sw1 and Sw3 are double-pole normally open switches, containing two sets of independent contacts. The first set provides initial power to the timing module, and the second set transmits the start command. This design ensures the necessary dual signal verification for circuit startup, and allows for convenient and quick one-button start-up. The main control module integrates time display and logic control functions, and can switch between hourly and minute timing modes via a toggle switch. The relays are electromagnetically driven switching devices, whose normally open contacts remain physically open in the non-energized state, effectively blocking the main power supply circuit. The power supply circuit uses LN dual-wire control to ensure that the live wire and neutral wire disconnect synchronously when power is lost.

[0027] Specifically, the circuit of this invention has two operating modes; two timing unit settings; and two power-off mechanisms.

[0028] The two working modes are: one is an instant power-on timed shutdown mode; the other is a scheduled power-on timed shutdown mode.

[0029] Both operating modes consist of a one-button start / stop switch Sw1, a reservation mode start switch Sw3, and a relay forming a parallel circuit. The front and rear contacts of the switches and relays are physically isolated to block current and ensure that no electronic components are energized while waiting for the flight.

[0030] The instant power-on timed shutdown mode operates in three stages. In standby mode with no power, pressing the one-button start switch Sw1 activates the motherboard. The first spring provides power to the mainboard, and the second spring sends a start command. The mainboard begins operation, and the relay continuously supplies power to the mainboard, which in turn supplies power to the relay coil. The relay then self-locks, providing continuous power output. Pressing the start switch Sw1 sets the operating time, with each press adding one time unit. The time unit can be switched between minutes and hours using the time switch Sw2. When the time is up, or if you press and hold the Sw1 switch for three seconds, the mainboard cuts off the relay's power, and the device enters standby mode with no power. The first stage is from standby mode to startup. The second stage is the time setting stage, where pressing the Sw1 button sets the power-on time from 1 to 26 hours or 1 to 99 minutes. The third stage is the timer termination stage, where the relay simultaneously shuts off the neutral and live wires, ensuring automatic shutdown and entry into standby mode with no power.

[0031] The scheduled power-on timed shutdown mode operates in four stages. In standby mode with no power, pressing the scheduled mode start switch Sw3 activates the system. The first reed provides power to the mainboard, and the second reed sends a start command to the mainboard. The mainboard then begins scheduled operation, and the working relay RLY1 continuously supplies power to the mainboard. The initial scheduled command from the second reed is set to one hour or one minute (when the scheduled time is in minutes). Each press of the scheduled mode start switch Sw3 increments the scheduled time by one unit. The scheduled time can be set from 1 to 26 hours or from 1 to 99 minutes. The mainboard continuously supplies power to the coil of the working relay, causing the relay to self-lock. The system continuously supplies power to the motherboard to create a self-locking mechanism. When the scheduled power time ends, the motherboard supplies power to the load relay RLY2 coil. Following the scheduled power-on priority design, in scheduled mode, pressing the power-on time setting key Sw1 sets the power-on time. Each press increments the power-on time unit, which can be set from 1 to 26 hours or 1 to 99 minutes. The time unit can be switched between hours and minutes using the time switch Sw2. When the power-on timer ends, or if Sw1 is pressed and held for three seconds during the scheduled power-on period, or if the scheduled power-on mode activation switch Sw3 is pressed and held for three seconds, the motherboard disconnects the relay power, and the entire machine enters a power-off standby state. The first stage is from the power-off standby state to the activation of scheduled mode; the second stage is setting the scheduled time; the third stage is setting the power-off time; and the fourth stage is when the power-on timer ends, and the relay simultaneously shuts off the neutral and live wires, ensuring automatic shutdown and entry into the power-off standby mode.

[0032] The circuit of this invention is equipped with a switch key Sw2 for switching between the time units of hours and minutes, which can be used to quickly switch the time unit to hours or minutes according to the time requirements of the usage scenario.

[0033] There are two power-off mechanisms. One is when the load relay has double contacts, connected to both the live and neutral wires respectively. The characteristic of this circuit is that regardless of whether the live and neutral wires are incorrectly connected at the power supply end, both wires are simultaneously disconnected when the timer stops, ensuring that the socket and load are not energized by the live wire. The other is when the load relay has single contacts, which can satisfy the timed shutdown and stop the load's power supply. However, this requires that the live and neutral wires of the power supply be correctly connected to ensure that the socket and load are completely de-energized after automatic shutdown.

[0034] Compared to existing technologies, this solution completely eliminates standby power consumption through hardware-level power-off design. The auxiliary power supply circuit that maintains standby mode in traditional solutions is completely removed, and the physical isolation characteristics of the relay contacts ensure zero residual current. The dual-contact switch structure avoids the risk of false triggering by a single signal, and the timing module only operates with power during effective operation. Compared to electronic switch circuits with similar functions, this design does not automatically activate when power is restored due to grid fluctuations; it requires manual confirmation and a one-button start to restart, significantly improving anti-interference capabilities. The selection of the timing unit (hour or minute) is also well addressed; it resolves the previous defect of timer sockets not automatically shutting off the output power in reservation mode.

[0035] Through the above technical solution, this application achieves automatic power-off of the entire system after the electrical appliance is used, eliminating the fire hazard caused by energized components in standby mode. The combination of timing function and forced power-off mechanism effectively prevents situations where the power is not turned off due to human negligence. The physical isolation characteristics of the relay contacts ensure reliable power-off and avoid the risk of leakage current from electronic switches. This circuit structure is compatible with electrical equipment of different power levels, and can be adapted to diverse application scenarios by changing the relay model.

[0036] This application further provides a double-pole linkage switch Sw5-(1) for selecting the power supply of the socket load, which can conveniently select to directly supply power to the socket load through the timing main board or bypass the timing main board, so as to ensure that when the timing chip is old and malfunctions or is damaged, the socket load can still be supplied normally by selecting to bypass the timing chip.

[0037] This application also includes a USB port for charging mobile phones on the motherboard, allowing for convenient charging of mobile phones without the need for a separate mobile phone charging module.

[0038] This application installs a socket with an independent switch in the circuit. When there are many electrical appliances on the socket, there is no need to cumbersomely plug and unplug the appliances. Simply turn off the switch of the socket that is not in use temporarily, and the power supply of temporarily idle appliances can be effectively cut off.

[0039] This application further proposes a safety timing circuit without a preset function, employing a small to medium-sized relay, model SRD-DC5V-SL-C, with rated parameters of AC250V-10A or AC250V-15A. It is a small to medium-sized safety timing circuit without a preset function, and is equipped with a normally closed forced stop switch as a backup stop button. The relay's rated parameter is AC250V-15A. A time switching key allows for quick selection of the timing unit, either hour or minute.

[0040] A safety timer socket without a preset function refers to a circuit that does not have the function of preset power supply time. Specifically, the preset function-related switches are removed from the basic timer main board, and a circuit specifically designed for preset is used. Depending on the power consumption, one or two relays are selected. When the load power consumption is large, a main board power relay and a load power relay are still set. The size of the load relay can be selected according to the power consumption. In a micro power timer socket circuit, only one SRD-DC05V-SL-C / AC10A micro relay can be installed as the main board working and the power output of the load, such as a dedicated mobile phone charger or other small electrical equipment.

[0041] The purpose of setting up a timer socket without a reservation function is to meet the needs of scenarios where no reservation function is required, save users purchase costs, and reduce the size for easy carrying when traveling or on business trips.

[0042] This application also includes a self-resetting backup stop button Sw4, which is a forced power-off device independent of the main control switch. Specifically, it can be implemented using a mechanical push-button switch with normally closed contacts. Under normal conditions, the circuit remains closed. When pressed, the power supply to the relay coil is forcibly cut off, thus shutting down the timing motherboard.

[0043] Compared to existing technologies, current timing circuits typically use a single control switch and lack a forced power-off device, making it impossible to quickly cut off power in emergencies when the timing chip fatigues. Furthermore, existing relay selections are not adapted for small to medium power appliances, resulting in issues such as excessive size or insufficient contact capacity. This solution enhances the forced power-off capability by adding a backup stop button; and by selecting a specific model of miniature relay, it meets the current carrying requirements of small to medium power loads while optimizing circuit layout space.

[0044] like Figures 1-6 As shown, this invention provides a novel timer socket circuit, including two types: one with a timer function and one without. Functional expansion can be achieved by matching different components. Figure 7 To Figures 1-6 The graphic explanations of the various electrical symbols are as follows: Example 1: Circuit diagram of a new type of timer socket / double-gang double-pole master switch control L+N line circuit. Figure 1 like Figure 1As shown, this circuit is used in a high-power timer socket (with a reservation function) in a household. The components include FU1, a high-temperature resistant fuse holder (the holder is made of fire-resistant, insoluble wood-plastic composite material, and the fuse is a high-temperature resistant glass tube containing an instantaneous fuse), which is responsible for overcurrent and overload protection of the main board and the socket load. The holder cap faces outwards, making it convenient for users to replace the fuse according to the total power of the appliances used. FU2 is a component-type MTS.T3A fuse with a fireproof cover, providing low-power power to the main board and mobile phone charging and protecting them from overcurrent and overload. In the diagram, Sw1 is the start switch and timer switch for instant power supply, and also the power supply timer shutdown switch for scheduled power supply mode. It is a dual-linked normally open switch, responsible for starting, timing, and shutting down in instant power supply mode. It is also the button for setting the timer and stopping the operation in scheduled power supply mode. After starting, each press increments the time unit by one, which can be set arbitrarily between 1 and 26 hours. When the selected time unit is minutes, it can be set arbitrarily between 1 and 99 minutes. During power supply operation, pressing and holding the Sw1 button for three seconds sends a shutdown command to the motherboard chip. Sw2 is a time switching switch, in a single normally open state. Pressing this switch can cycle through the time unit of hours or minutes, and set the indicator lights LED1 and LED2 for the time unit mode respectively. Sw3 is the start switch for the scheduled power supply mode. It is always open in a double-linked state and is responsible for scheduled start and scheduled operation in the scheduled power supply mode. Each press increments the time unit by one, and can be set arbitrarily between 1 and 26 hours. When the selected time unit is minutes, it can be set arbitrarily between 1 and 99 minutes. If the power supply is running, pressing the Sw3 button for three seconds will send a shutdown command to the motherboard chip. Sw4 is an emergency shutdown switch, normally closed and connected in the relay coil power supply circuit. It can prevent the motherboard chip from failing to shut off power due to fatigue or failure. Pressing this switch can shut down the relay power supply and force a shutdown. Sw5-(1) is the main switch for selecting the power path. It is a double-pole double-linkage rocker switch. The double links connect the live wire and the neutral wire respectively. You can choose to connect the power path to the motherboard for timing power supply, or switch the circuit to bypass the timing motherboard and directly supply power to the socket load. This is to avoid damage to the motherboard's electronic circuit when using high current, such as when temporarily using electrical appliances like welding machines. It is also to prevent the motherboard from being damaged after years of use and still being able to supply power normally. Switches with values ​​of SW6 and above are independent control switches for socket positions, allowing users to selectively turn off socket appliances that are not currently in use. For example, when used in the kitchen, only the rice cooker can be turned on while cooking rice, and appliances such as the porridge cooker, electric oven, and induction cooker can be turned off. The T2 transformer, U7 rectifier bridge, 5V voltage regulator chip U4 and other components form the rectification and voltage regulation circuit of the motherboard working power supply and mobile phone charging power supply, providing a stable constant current working power supply to the motherboard. The U1 microcontroller and its supporting components form the core logic circuit of the timing circuit. It receives, processes, and amplifies signals sent from each button, and controls the relay to start / stop and display the time. U2 and LEG1 together form a time display system that displays the current set time in the form of a countdown. Relays D1, D2, D3, R5, R6, Q1, and RLY1 form the execution terminal system for the continuous operation or shutdown of the mainboard; D4, R7, R8, Q2, and RLY2 load relays form the execution terminal system that outputs power to the load. The RLY2 load relay in the circuit is model HH52P-DC5V with a rated power of AC220V20A. Installing this model of relay can not only meet the large power current, but also turn off the neutral wire N and the live wire L simultaneously after the power is turned off. This effectively prevents the safety risk of only turning off the neutral wire and not the live wire due to incorrect connection of the L and N wires of the front-end power supply.

[0045] The significance and working principle of this circuit: 1. Advantages: (1) In standby mode, the entire chip (all electronic components) is de-energized. When using the instant power supply timed shutdown mode, power is output by pressing the Sw1 button in standby mode. Each press of the Sw1 button increases the power supply duration by one time unit (the time unit can be switched to minutes or hours by pressing the Sw2 button according to the usage scenario). To stop the circuit midway, press and hold the Sw1 button for 3 seconds. The operation of starting, setting the power supply time, and stopping the circuit can all be completed with one button press of the Sw1 switch, making it simple to operate.

[0046] (2) When using the scheduled power-off mode, press Sw3 for two seconds in standby mode to start the scheduled mode. Pressing Sw3 again will increase the scheduled time (the time unit can be switched to minutes or hours by pressing the Sw2 button according to the usage scenario). After setting the scheduled time, according to the design principle of prioritizing scheduled power-off, press Sw1 to set the power supply time in scheduled mode. Each press of the Sw1 button increases the power supply duration by one time unit (the time unit of the scheduled power-off mode depends on the unit set for the scheduled time). To stop the operation midway, press and hold the Sw1 button for 3 seconds. The operation of starting the circuit, setting the power supply time, and stopping the operation in scheduled mode is completed by the Sw1 switch and the Sw3 switch working together. The Sw3 switch is responsible for starting the scheduled mode and setting the scheduled time, and the Sw1 switch is responsible for setting the power supply time. You can also manually stop the operation midway by pressing and holding the Sw1 switch or the Sw3 switch for three seconds.

[0047] (3) Regardless of whether it is in instant power supply mode or scheduled power supply mode, or whether it is automatically shut down at a set time or manually, the device enters a standby state with no power after stopping operation. This solves the problem that previous timer sockets could not completely shut off the power to the entire device, achieving a true zero-power standby state. It can block damage to electronic components caused by power supply interruptions (such as power grid maintenance) or lightning strikes, effectively preventing the safety hazard of fire caused by aging electronic components (when people are not at home or when people are asleep).

[0048] (4) Depending on the power requirements, any type of relay device can be matched and set. The overall circuit design is compact and reasonable. It can be installed on small sockets with low power consumption and can also be matched with large-scale relay devices according to the needs of high power consumption. The subsequent output circuit can be arbitrarily added with switches, sockets or other circuits as needed.

[0049] (5) Since the entire chip is not powered during standby, the risk of fire and energy consumption due to component aging (or standby electrical appliance failure) is completely eliminated.

[0050] (6) The chip is powered off, which greatly reduces the aging time of the chip and increases the lifespan of the chip many times over.

[0051] (7) The setting of double (double circuit) relays, which simultaneously cut off the shutdown mode of L+N double circuits, greatly enhances the safety performance of users using load electrical appliances.

[0052] (8) The function of switching the timing unit allows users to choose the timing unit of hours or minutes as needed, which is convenient for users to meet any timing needs.

[0053] (9). The setting of the main power supply switch of Sw5-(1) greatly facilitates the user to choose to use the timing chip for timing power supply, or to bypass the timing chip and directly supply power to the socket, ensuring the user's convenience in choosing the power supply mode for the socket load. Even if the timing chip is old and malfunctions, it will not affect the user's continuous power supply needs.

[0054] (10) The independent switches on the six sockets allow users to conveniently select to turn on only the currently used electrical loads and turn off the power to the appliances in the sockets that are not currently in use, saving the need to frequently plug and unplug multiple appliances in the sockets and conveniently eliminating the idle power consumption of standby appliances.

[0055] 2. Circuit principle: In standby mode, the normally open characteristics of the start switches Sw1 and Sw3 and the front end of the relays block the current, so all electronic components and socket loads of the main control module are not energized.

[0056] This circuit has two power supply modes: one is an immediate power supply timed shutdown mode; the other is a scheduled power supply timed shutdown mode. The working principle is as follows: (1) Instant power supply mode: After startup, the RLY1 working relay and RLY2 load relay are immediately connected, providing power to the socket load. During startup, pressing the one-button start / stop button Sw1 activates the standby power supply of the main control module U1, putting U1 into standby mode. The second normally open reed of Sw1 sends a start signal to U1, which then sends a conduction signal to Q1 via D1 and R5. The RLY1 relay coil is energized and begins to work, its normally open reed engaging to provide AC220V power to the power supply rectification system. The rectified and regulated system outputs the mainboard's power supply, powering the U1 microcontroller and continuously supplying power to the RLY1 relay coil. Releasing the start switch Sw1 at this time still activates the RLY1 relay coil. The 1st working relay continuously provides power. The U1 and RLY1 working relays work together to form a self-locking mechanism. The time display system shows the power supply time in countdown mode. Pressing Sw1 at this time does not affect the mainboard's operation with the first reed, but the second reed sends a timing signal to the U1 chip. Each press of Sw1 increments the power supply time by one unit. For example, pressing Sw1 five times consecutively sets the power supply time to 5 hours, and the time display shows "--05". Simultaneously, U1 sends a conduction signal to Q2, energizing the RLY2 load relay coil and closing its normally open reed. The RLY2 load relay continuously outputs power to the socket load. This continues until the U1 microcontroller logic completes its timing or receives a stop command, stopping the transmission of conduction signals to D1 and Q1. Q1 closes, the RLY1 working relay loses power, stopping the mainboard's power supply, and then the RLY2 load relay closes, putting the entire device into a power-off standby state.

[0057] (2) Scheduled power supply and timed shutdown mode: Power supply begins only after the set scheduled time has elapsed, and the system automatically shuts down according to the set power supply time. When scheduled to start, pressing the scheduled mode start button Sw3 activates the power supply to the transformer and voltage regulation systems T2, U7, and U4. The main control module U1 has standby power, putting it into standby mode. The second normally open spring of Sw3 sends a scheduled start signal to the main control module U1. U1 then sends a conduction signal to Q1 via D2 and R5, energizing the RLY1 working relay coil and providing AC220V power to the working power rectification system. The rectified and regulated power is then output to the main board. When the start button Sw3 is released, the RLY1 relay continues to supply power to the motherboard. The U1 microcontroller continues to operate, providing power to the RLY1 relay coil. U1 and the RLY1 relay work together to form a self-locking mechanism, initiating and maintaining the timer mode. Each press of Sw3 sends a signal to U1 via its second spring, incrementing the timer by one unit. For example, pressing it 11 times consecutively from power-on sets the timer to 11 hours, and the time display shows "11--". The time display system shows the timer in countdown mode. When the timer expires, the U1 microcontroller sends a conduction signal to R7 and Q2, energizing the RLY2 load relay coil and providing AC220V power to the socket load. After the timer mode is activated, each press of the Sw1 button increments the power supply timer by one unit. For example, pressing the Sw1 timer button 5 times consecutively sets the power supply time to 5 hours, and the time display shows "1105". At the initial power-on period after the scheduled end time, the time display shows "--05". Until the U1 microcontroller calculates the end of the timer or receives a stop command, it sends a stop signal to D2 and Q1. Q1 turns off, the RLY1 working relay is de-energized and stops working, and then the RLY2 load relay turns off, and the whole machine enters a power-off standby state.

[0058] In summary, to start instant power supply, press Sw1 for two seconds; to set a timer, press Sw1 again; to stop the entire system during power supply, press and hold Sw1 for three seconds. To start scheduled power supply mode, press Sw3 for two seconds; to set a scheduled time, press Sw3; to set the power off time, press Sw1; to stop the entire system during scheduled power supply, press and hold either Sw1 or Sw3 for three seconds. Regardless of whether it's instant or scheduled power supply, you can press Sw4 to stop the system during the process. To set the timing unit, press Sw2 to switch between minutes and hours.

[0059] Example 2: Circuit diagram of a new type of timer socket / Circuit diagram of a double-pole dual-gang main switch controlling L+N lines ( Figure 2 ) like Figure 2As shown, this circuit is used in a medium-to-high power safety timing circuit (socket) with a timer function. The circuit composition is as follows: exist Figure 1 Based on the previous version, the number of five-hole sockets with independent switches has been increased to a total of 10 sets, which are available for users with a large number of kitchen utensils that are concentrated on the kitchen utensil shelf. The sockets are equipped with independent switches, which can turn off unused sockets or separate circuits, and can meet the needs of more than 90% of users' kitchens.

[0060] Example 3: Circuit diagram of a new type of timer socket / circuit diagram of a double-gang single-pole master switch controlling a single-wire circuit ( Figure 3 ) like Figure 3 As shown, the circuit is in Figure 1 The power current of the load was increased based on the circuit. The specific implementation plan was applied in four aspects. First, the Sw5-(2) double main switch was connected in parallel to control the power supply of the live wire, which doubled the current carrying capacity of the main switch. There is no bipolar. When the timing chip is selected to directly supply power to the socket, the power isolation of the timing chip relies on the normally open springs of Sw1, Sw3 and the relay to isolate the power supply at the front end of the spring. Second, the RLY2 HH52P-DC05V / AC220V20A double relay was replaced with a single-circuit RLY2 YY-DC05V / AC220V30A relay with a higher success rate. Third, the FU1 fuse was replaced with an AC220V30A fuse. Fourth, 8 sets of sockets with independent switches were set up. The power output power was increased to provide better options for people who need to work with high current.

[0061] Example 4: Circuit diagram of a new type of timer socket / Circuit diagram of 4 groups of five-hole sockets without a master switch ( Figure 4 ) like Figure 4 As shown, the circuit is in Figure 3 Based on the circuit, the power current of the load is reduced. The specific implementation plan is applied in the following five aspects: First, the Sw5-(2) double main switch is removed, and the power supply can only be turned on and off by the relay controlled by the timing chip; Second, the RLY2 YY-DC05V / AC220V30A relay is replaced with the smaller RLY2 SLA-05VDC-SL-A / AC250V-15A relay; Third, the FU1 fuse is replaced with an AC220V15A fuse; Fourth, the forced shutdown switch Sw4 is removed; Fifth, four sets of sockets with independent switches are set up; The power output power is slightly smaller, providing options for people who need to use small and medium current.

[0062] Example 5: Circuit diagram of a new type of timer socket / Circuit diagram of 4 groups of five-hole sockets without reservation function ( Figure 5 ) like Figure 5 As shown, the circuit is in Figure 4Based on the existing circuit, the reservation function has been removed. The specific implementation plan is applied in the following aspects: the Sw3 reservation start switch and reservation circuit and program have been removed, providing an option for people who need to use small and medium currents without the reservation power supply mode.

[0063] Example 6: Circuit diagram of a new type of timer socket / Circuit diagram of a two-hole + five-hole socket without timer function ( Figure 6 ) like Figure 6 As shown, the circuit is in Figure 5 Based on the circuit, the RLY2 SLA-05VDC-SL-A / AC250V-15A relay is removed, and the FU1 fuse is replaced with a 10A fuse. This provides an option for people who need to use low current and do not need a scheduled power supply mode. The design goal of this circuit scheme is to reduce the size, make it convenient for charging mobile phones and carrying them when traveling, and make it easy to use electrical appliances with a power of 1.5Kw or less.

[0064] The present invention has the following advantages: 1. Applicability: This timer socket circuit is suitable for timed power supply and safe shutdown of appliances in all households. It can be started with one button. It is also suitable for automatic power-off protection of appliances in office spaces.

[0065] 2. Advanced features: (1) One-click start-up power supply, simple operation, automatic power off, shutting off the power to all chips and electronic components, greatly reducing the power-on time of chips and extending the life of chips; after use, all electronic components are automatically powered off to prevent fire hazards caused by aging or failure of electronic components, and can avoid the danger of electric fire caused by the owner forgetting to turn off the power when leaving home; reduce energy consumption and greatly reduce the power consumption of household appliances while waiting.

[0066] (2) The function of switching between minute and hour time units solves the problem of switching between minute and hour time units. Simply press Sw2 to quickly perform the operation.

[0067] (3) The machine can also be shut down at a set time in the scheduled power supply mode, and the machine will enter a standby state with no power after automatic shutdown.

[0068] (4) By changing the fuse amperage and the relay model and size, the power requirements of various timer sockets can be met.

[0069] 3. Comparison: In comparison, existing automatic power-off timing designs still have some components remaining energized (note: there is still a small amount of energy consumption and the risk of spontaneous combustion due to component aging), or they cannot be started with a single button, or they cannot keep track of time, or they cannot switch between minute and hour time units, or they cannot automatically power off in scheduled power-on mode, and they cannot automatically power off the entire device (with no components energized). This invention, however, is triggered by a single button during use, and all electrical components are completely de-energized after the timer ends or is manually stopped. This completely eliminates the safety hazard of spontaneous combustion caused by the natural aging and damage of various electronic components when the appliance is idle or when the user is asleep. It can greatly eliminate the fire hazards caused by the timing socket itself and the appliance load in standby mode.

[0070] 4. Special Features: Existing timer switch circuits, after a power outage due to reasons such as power company maintenance, will cause the electronic components to enter a energized standby state when power is restored, and may even automatically start the power output. However, this circuit design, unless a one-button start is enabled, ensures that all electronic components in the appliance are not energized regardless of whether the power is off or on. This greatly avoids the unsafe factor of the appliance automatically becoming energized or starting when no one is home, and effectively avoids damage to the electronic components in the appliance caused by sudden lightning surges (there are many cases of fires caused by damage to electronic components of appliances due to lightning). Even if there is a fire hazard due to the aging of this circuit, the excessive normal rated current required for ignition will cause the FU fuse to burn out due to overcurrent. The glass cover and fuse holder of the FU1 fuse are made of fireproof materials, ensuring that the brief flash of fire will not leak out, effectively eliminating the fire hazard.

[0071] 5. High-power timer circuits can be created by replacing high-power terminal relays with high-power relays for high-power appliances, or by replacing low-power relays with low-power relays for low-power appliances, to create compact timer sockets that are easy to carry. Both types of sockets have the safety protection function of automatically cutting off the power to the entire device.

[0072] In summary, this circuit operates by energizing the chip only upon manual activation, allowing it to automatically and completely disconnect from the power supply after scheduled use, leaving no residual energized components. In standby mode, it remains unaffected by power interruption or restoration, ensuring a safe, power-free standby environment. Its core features, including multiple protection functions and one-button start / stop, along with a closed-loop logic of "one-button trigger - timing - timing unit selection - complete power disconnection," address pain points in existing technologies such as "residual energization leading to spontaneous combustion," "standby energy consumption," and "secondary damage from lightning strikes." Whether in immediate or scheduled power supply mode, the absence of residual energization achieves significant advanced technical solutions, including "over 99.99% fire hazard prevention" and "complete elimination of standby energy consumption" in standby mode. Start / stop operations are simple, and safety protection is thorough.

[0073] The above description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use this disclosure. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but rather to be carried out within the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0074] The above description has been given for purposes of illustration and description. Furthermore, this description is not intended to limit the embodiments of this disclosure to the forms disclosed herein. Although numerous exemplary aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those skilled in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, alterations, additions, and sub-combinations therein.

Claims

1. A novel timing socket circuit, characterized in that, include: The motherboard power supply system includes an AC220V to AC5V transformer circuit, a rectifier and voltage regulator circuit, which converts the AC5V voltage into a DC5V constant current power supply to power the motherboard and charge mobile phones via the USB port. The microcontroller program logic circuit is responsible for receiving, processing, and amplifying the signals from each switch or key, and sending them to the time display system and to the relay to execute commands to supply and de-energize the load. The time display system is equipped with a time display logic chip and a time display, which is responsible for displaying the scheduled time, as well as the power-on and power-off times; Two fuses are included. One is a 20A high-temperature resistant plastic-wood casing fuse, which can be replaced with a 3A-30A fuse depending on the power consumption, responsible for overcurrent protection of the socket and electrical load. The other uses an MTS.T3A current limiting tube to protect the timing mainboard from overcurrent and overload. At least one relay, model SRD-DC05V-SL-C / AC10A, is used to provide power to the timing main control board or small electrical equipment; another relay in the circuit with reservation mode is model HH52P-DC05V, rated power AC220V20A, with double springs connecting the neutral wire and the live wire respectively to supply power to the electrical load. A self-resetting dual-linkage start / stop button switch Sw1 has two independent normally open reeds. In the instant power-on mode, each reed is responsible for connecting the start-up power supply and sending the start signal, the time-overlay signal, and the stop signal. In the scheduled power-on mode, the scheduled time is set by pressing the Sw3 button, and then the power-off time is set by pressing this switch. During power-on operation, pressing and holding this switch for three seconds will stop the entire machine from running, stop the power output, and enter the standby mode with no power. A self-resetting push-button switch Sw2, normally open, is responsible for switching the timing unit between hours and minutes. Each press sends a signal to cycle through the hours or minutes. A self-resetting dual-linkage reservation mode start button switch Sw3 has two independent normally open springs. In the reservation power supply mode, each spring is responsible for connecting the working power supply for reservation start, and sending the start signal for reservation mode standby operation and the time superposition signal for reservation timing. A self-resetting emergency shutdown button switch Sw4 is normally closed, serving as the working power supply for the backup emergency forced shutdown relay coil to force shutdown and stop power output; A USB phone charging dock that allows you to directly connect a data cable to charge your phone; A double-pole linkage boat-shaped main switch Sw5-(1) is provided, with the two poles connected to the live wire and the neutral wire respectively. It can be used to connect the power supply to the timing main board circuit to supply power to the socket, or to directly supply power to the socket by bypassing the timing main board. Six sets of five-hole sockets with independent switches, allowing for convenient independent control of the socket's power output; In the scheduled power supply mode, the automatic shutdown time of the power supply can be set as needed, and after shutdown, the whole machine enters a safe standby mode with no power. All functions can be operated with only three buttons, and the operation method is simple and easy to understand. This timer socket circuit has two usage modes: one is an instant power-on timer with automatic overall power-off; the other is a scheduled power-off timer that allows setting the power-off time for the load, after which the entire unit enters a standby mode with no power. In standby mode, the one-button start / stop button Sw1, the reservation mode start button Sw3, and the normally open characteristic of the relay front end block the current, and the main control module and all electronic components are not energized. When the instant power-on mode is activated, the first normally open reed of the one-button start / stop button Sw1 connects the standby power supply of the main control module U1, causing the main control module U1 to enter standby mode; the second normally open reed of the Sw1 button sends a start power output command to the main control module U1, the main control module provides working power to the RLY1 working relay, the normally open reed of the RLY1 relay is attracted and conducts and forms a self-locking, continuously supplying power to the main control module, at the same time the main control module U1 provides working power to the RLY2 load relay, the RLY2 load relay continuously outputs working power to the socket according to the timer; During power supply operation, pressing the one-button start / stop Sw1 will put the main control module into timer mode, with each press adding one time unit. The time unit can be switched to hours or minutes by pressing the Sw2 button as needed. When the timer expires, or when the Sw1 button is pressed and held for three seconds, the main control module will stop supplying power to the RLY1 working relay. The normally open spring of the RLY1 working relay will open, the main board U1 will be de-energized, and the RLY2 load relay coil will also stop working, stopping the power output. At the same time, the standby power supply of the main control module will be cut off, and the whole machine will enter the power-off standby mode. When the scheduled power supply mode is selected, pressing the scheduled mode start button Sw3 initiates the scheduled operation. The first normally open reed of the Sw3 button conducts and provides power to the timing main board, putting the main control module U1 into standby mode. The second normally open reed of Sw3 sends a scheduled start signal to the main control module U1. U1 sends a conduction signal to Q1 through D2 and R5, energizing the coil of the RLY1 relay and providing power to the timing main board. When the scheduled start button Sw3 is released, the power path of the first reed of Sw3 is disconnected, but the RLY1 relay still supplies power to the main board. The U1 microcontroller continues to operate, continuously providing power to the RLY1 relay coil. U1 and the RLY1 relay cooperate to form a self-locking mechanism, starting and maintaining the scheduled mode. Each press of Sw3 sends a signal to U1 via the second reed of Sw3, incrementing the scheduled time by one unit. For example, pressing it 13 times consecutively from power-on sets the scheduled time to 13 hours, and the time display shows "13--". The time display system displays the scheduled time in a countdown manner. When the scheduled time ends, the U1 microcontroller sends a conduction signal to R7 and Q2, energizing the RLY2 load relay coil and providing AC220V power output to the socket load. After the scheduled mode is activated, according to the design principle of prioritizing scheduled power, pressing the Sw1 switch at this time does not send an immediate power supply command to the second reed, but rather a power supply time setting signal in scheduled mode. Each press of the Sw1 button increments the power supply timer by one unit. For example, pressing the Sw1 timer button 5 times consecutively sets the power supply time to 5 hours, and the time display shows "1305". During the initial power supply period at the end of the scheduled time, the time display shows "--05". The system continues until the U1 microcontroller calculates the end of the power supply timer or a stop command signal is manually sent, causing D2 and Q1 to stop working. Q1 turns off, the RLY1 load relay is de-energized and stops working, and then the RLY2 load relay turns off, putting the entire device into a power-off standby state. Its key feature is that, whether in the instant power-on timed power-on mode or the scheduled power-on mode, it can automatically shut down and enter the whole machine standby mode with no power. Regardless of whether the neutral and live wires of the front-end power supply are connected incorrectly, it has a protection measure to disconnect both L and N wires at the same time, ensuring that there is no residual live wire in the socket load after the power is cut off.

2. The novel timing socket circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The five-hole socket is equipped with 10 sets of independent switches to meet the needs of scenarios where more electrical loads need to be plugged in.

3. The novel timing socket circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrical load power supply relay is a single-pole SLA-DC5V relay with a rated parameter of AC250V-30A; a direct main switch Sw5-(2) is provided, which is a double-pole rocker switch AC250-32A, and the double springs are combined into a single power supply; eight sets of five-hole sockets with independent switches are provided to facilitate the sockets to deliver electrical load current with higher power.

4. The novel timing socket circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrical load power supply relay is a single-gang miniature relay, model SLA-05VDC-SL-A, with a rated parameter of AC250V-15A; four sets of five-hole sockets with independent switches are provided for use in locations with medium to small power electrical appliances.

5. A novel timing socket circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: Remove the reservation function and the related switch, and install 4 sets of five-hole sockets with independent switches to meet the needs of places where the reservation function is not required.

6. A novel timing socket circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that: Without a reservation function, one relay is removed. The power supply for the timing motherboard and the load power supply share a small relay to meet the convenience of only needing a low-power timing socket and being easy to carry.

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